Transportation is one of the most important requirements for the aid of

communication from one place to other for visiting purpose or in the sense of Intercity Bus Terminal
tourism. A number of factors like the convenience from one place to the other, The intercity terminal is usually found in the downtown core and is accessible
promotion of tourism, for communication between places etc. Have predicted the directly by local transit, taxi, and auto .
importance of planning such as roadways industries in the as sense of  It differs from other terminal types in that it includes long haul service in
excess of several hundred miles and provides for a much greater number of bus
Bus terminals.
movements.
DEFINITION OF TERMINALS Land costs normally dictate vertical expansion capability in the denser city
Since transportation is concerned with the movement between origin and areas.
destination. The traffic using the ways must be provided points of access to get More elaborate "package express" facilities are provided in the intercity
into or out of the network. These points of access or inter-change are known as terminal and a greater amount of concession and rental space is provided to defray
terminals. higher terminal construction and operating costs.
CONCEPT OF TERMINAL
Need for an organized terminal becomes imperative because of economic benefit
to its user’s and the community as a whole. Terminal usage has a bearing on the
people who are using it. They are :
Passengers,
Operators,
Community.
Passengers using the terminals have the following benefits
Minimum time and distance for approaching the various facilities within and
outside.
Convenience, including good information, orientation, adequate circulation space
and capacity.
Comfort, including aesthetically pleasing, weather protection, other facilities and The entry and exit should be widened so that at least 2 buses can enter
amenities. or exit from the terminal at same time.
Safety and security, protection from conflicts in the moment.

S NO. FACILITY AREA REQUIRED /

PERSON
(Sq.m)
PLANNING CRITERIA
1 Entrance lounge 1.5 sq. m / person
In general, there are five basic planning criteria for terminal planning:-
NEED 2 Enquiry 5 sq. m / attendant
ACCESSIBILITY 3 Tourist information 6 sq. m / attendant
COMFORT AND CONVENIENCE 4 Ticket booths 6 sq. m / booth
SAFETY
5 Book stall 10 sq. m / stall
EASY PROCESSING
6 Waiting hall 5 sq. m I person
SIZE
The size of terminal is governed by the following factors:- 7 Kiosks 10 sq. m / kiosk
Functions 8 Departure lounge 1.5 sq. m / person
Flow of traffic 9 Arrival lounge 1.5 sq. m / person
User characteristics. 10 Cloak room 5 sq. m / bus bay
DESIGN CRITERIA 11 Restaurant 7.5 sq. m / person
The design criteria of the terminal includes determining the size of terminal and 12 Rent rooms 10 sq. m / person
factors to be taken into consideration in planning for facilities and activities. The
13 Dormitories 10 sq. m / person
size of terminal is primarily governed by the following factors:
Traffic demand 14 . Maintaince offices 10 sq. m / person
Traffic characteristics 15 10 sq. m / person
Transport offices
Function of terminal
Type of facilities
 LIGHTING
.
Lamp posts should ordinarily be placed along the centre line of platforms
where width of platform is 18 meters and above. The lamp posts should not
be less than 4.5 meters clear from platform face and not less than 3 meters
clear of the face of the station building. The illumination level required at
platform is 150 lux.

ACOUSTICS
Noise level at workstation should not exceed 60 db. Noise level from
ventilating equipment shall be less than 50 db. at nearest workstation
Ticket office floors to be carpeted.

PLANNING NORMS AND SPACE STANDARDS

NORMS

Capacity of an intercity bus terminal 1.5lakhpassengers/day

One bus bay for 5000 passengers/day loading
One bus bay for 10,000 passengers/day unloading
Peak hour load 10% of daily
passenger
Time taken - for loading 6 min,12 min
- for unloading 3 min,6 min

Space standards for parking facilities

Bus bays
Type of parking
area/vehicle
Idle parking 145 sq.mt.
Angular 76 sq.mt.
Parallel 104
sq.mt.

Parking of other modes

Car 25sqmt.
Two wheeler 4sqmt
Taxi 16sqmt
Auto rickshaw 5 sq mt
Cycle 1.2sqmt
AREA REQUIREMENT FOR DISABLED PERSONS
With a gradient of 1:12, where the difference in level of the ends of the
ramp is greater than 400 mm
1:10, where such difference in level does not exceed 400 mm.
Must have a clear trafficable surface not less than 1.1 m wide.
A landing is to be provided for every 1.5 m of vertical rise, not less than
1.2 m in length.
At entrance doors, the ramps should be level with a minimum length of 2
m , door should be opens 1.8m away from the ramp.
 Sr.N Components Standard Area Source
SAWTOOTH
o. number Layout have fixed bay positions for setting down and / or collecting
1 Bus 45sq.Mt. Time savers standards passengers with a profile of the concourse made into a Saw tooth
(sometimes referred to as echelon) pattern.
2. Taxi/car 18sq.Mt. Time savers standards
 In theory the angle of pitch between the vehicle front and the axis of the
concourse can be anything from 1° to 90°.
3 Scooter parking 4sq.Mt. Time savers standards  In practice however, it usually falls between 20° and 50°.

4 Cycle parking 1.2sq.Mt. Time savers standards

5 Auto rickshaw 8sq.Mt. Time savers standards

parking
6 Platform width 2.5mt. Traffic engineering and
transportation planning

7 Ticket booth 8SQMT. UDPFI

8 Sleeping /rest 15sq.mt/p Time savers standards

room ersons
9 Fresh water 1 tap/500 1sq.mt./ta ISI standards
p
Cold water 1tap/1000 1sqm/tap
10 Waiting hall 1seat/3perso .36sq.mt Time savers standards
ns
11 restaurant 4 seat 3.5sqmt. Time savers standards
PARALLEL LOADING
12 S.T.D/P.C.O 1/2000 10sqmt/u Time savers standards Requires excessive amount of space.
persons nit Buses must usually wait until first bus exits.

SANITARY REQUIREMENT FOR TERMINAL STATION

AND BUS TERMINAL
Place WC for Males WC for Females Urinals for Males
only
Terminal Stations 4 for first 1000 5 for every 1000 6 for every 1000
and Bus persons and 1 for person and 1 for person and 1 for
Terminals every additional every additional every additional
1000 persons or 200 persons or 1000 persons or
part thereof part thereof part thereof
 RADIAL SAW TOOTH LOADING

PERPENDICULAR OR RIGHT ANGLE OR HEAD-ON LOADING

This type of loading is useful when the bus yard is deep, but
concourse is limited in extent.
Disadvantages include :
Out swinging bus door which forms a barrier .
around which passenger must pass .
Bus manoeuvring difficult .

Most efficient buses sawing into position along natural driving are.
" Space required at front is minimum-wide space at rear making
maneuvering easy.

STRAIGHT SAW TOOTH LOADING

 Efficient-employed where lot is comparatively narrow and deep .
 Passenger has direct approach to loading door, baggage truck can
operate between parked busses for loading into side baggage doors.
 SWEPT PATH
WHEN A BUS TURNS NORMALLY, IT ALWAYS TURNS ABOUT A POINT
WHICH IS SOMEWHERE ON THE CENTER LINE OF THE REAR AXLE.
TURNING RADIUS
Apart from the physical dimensions, it is necessary to know the critical
characteristics of the vehicle in motion, particularly when maneuvering, while
parking or preparing to load.
CORRIDOR DESIGN
The maximum practical flow through a corridor is approximately 25 persons
per foot width of corridor per minute (PFM). The flow volume that allows
for the selection of normal walking speed and avoidance of traffic conflicts is
equivalent to 7 PFM ( or less).

SANITARY REQUIREMENTS

Place WC for Males WC for Females Urinals

Bus 4 for first 1000 5 for every 1000 6 for every

terminals persons and 1 for person and 1 for every 1000 person
every additional additional 200 persons and 1 for
1000 persons or or part thereof every
part thereof additional
1000 persons
or part
thereof

Public Seating
General thumb rule ,1 seat for every 3 passengers.
Ticket facilities
1 counter for each 25 to 30 waiting passengers.
Baggage room
Should be accessible from both the public area and the concourse and
have an area equal to about 10 % of the total building.
Dispatch office
The dispatch office controls all bus movements and consequently
should be located on the concourse so that it can observe all loading
berths. The size of the dispatch office may vary anywhere from 50 to
150 sq ft.
VOICE ANNOUNCEMENT SYSTEMS
Graphic displays - both traditional signboard and electronic - and voice
systems provide the means by which travelers are kept informed of
where and when to board buses. Public address voice systems need to be
readily audible and clearly understood. As many terminals use voice
announcements in emergencies, the public address system has to be
Length Width Minimum Headroom capable of effective communication under normal operation of the
Type of Parking Space terminal and in the event of fire or terrorist attack. The use of perforated
(m) (m) (m)
metal cladding to absorb reverberant aids the clarity of public address
Private Cars and Taxis 5 2.5 2.4 systems at terminals.
Light Goods Vehicles (LGV) 7 3.5 3.6
Medium / Heavy Goods Vehicles
11 3.5 4.7
(MGV/HGV)
Container Vehicles 16 3.5 4.7
Coaches and buses 12 3.5 3.8
Light buses 8 3.0 3.3