Sources

 http://www.tutorialspoint.com
 http://www.wikipedia.com

Data Type
• Data Type is a classification of data which tells the
computer system about the type of value that is stored
in a variable.
• It specify the Minimum and Maximum value that can be
stored in a variable.
• Also it tells about the different type of mathematical,
relational,
and logical operations that can be performed on the
variable.
• Example: int, long, float, etc.

Format Specifier
• It is a special combination of characters that is used to tell the
compiler what kind of value we want to print or read.
 • It is used in association with the printf() and scanf() functions.
• It usually starts with a percent(%) symbol.
• Example: %d, %f, %c, etc.

Type of Statements
• Expression Statements.
• Compound Statements.
• Iterative Statements.
• Jump Statements.
• Decision Making Statements.

Expression Statement
It is combination of variables, Constants, operators, Function
Calls and followed by a semicolon. Expression can be any
operation like Arithmetic operation or Logical Operation.
Few Examples for expression Statements :
X = Y + 10 ;
20 > 90;
a?b:c;
a = 10 + 20 * 30;
Compound Statement
Compound statement is combination of several expression
statements.
They are enclosed within the Braces { }.
Compound statement is also called as Block Statement.
Example:
{
int a=10, b=20, c;
c = a + b;
printf(“value of C is : %d ”, c);
}

Iterative Statement
These are also called as Loops. If we want to execute a part
of program many times we will use loops.
Example:
for, while, do-while loops

Jump Statements
These statements are useful for Transfer the Control from
one part of program to other part of Program.
Example:
goto, continue, break, return

Decision Making Statement

Decision making is about deciding the order of execution
of statements based on certain conditions.
Example:
if, if else, if else if, switch

If Statement
• An if statement is a decision making
statement, if proved true, performs a function or
displays information otherwise does nothing.
If Else Statement
• An if statement can be followed by an
optional else statement, which executes when the
condition in if is false.

If Else If Statement
• An if statement can be followed by an optional else
if...else statement, which is very useful to test various
conditions using single if...else if statement.
• When using if...else if..else statements, there are few
points to keep in mind −
 An if can have zero or one else's and it must come
after any else if's.
 An if can have zero to many else if's and they must
come before the else.
  Once an else if succeeds, none of the remaining else
if's or else's will be tested.

Logical Operators
• These operators are used to perform logical operations
on the given expressions.
• There are 3 logical operators in C language. They are,
logical AND (&&), logical OR (||) and logical NOT (!).