Argumentation

Introduction to Philosophy of Man

Definition of Terms

LOGIC - is the part of philosophy that evaluates arguments.

ARGUMENT - is a group of statements including one or more

premises and one and only one conclusion.

STATEMENT - is a sentence that is either true or false.

Definition of Terms
PREMISE is a statement in an argument that provides reason
or support for the conclusion. There can be one or many
premises in a single argument.

CONCLUSION is a statement in an argument that indicates

of what the arguer is trying to convince the reader/listener.
There can be only one conclusion in a single argument.
PROPOSITIONAL LOGIC

- the branch of logic that studies ways of joining and/or

modifying entire propositions, statements or sentences to
form more complicated propositions, statements or
sentences, as well as the logical relationships and
properties that are derived from these methods of
combining or altering statements.
Symbols in Propositional Logic
& - Conjunction - All statements are true (&) - AND

v - Disjunction - 1 of the two statements are true. - OR

Symbols in Propositional Logic
-> - Material Implication - It follows that A is the subsequent cause of B. – IF…
THEN..

<-> - Material Equivalence - It follows if A and B have the same truth value then the
statement is true. – IF AND ONLY IF
Symbols in Propositional Logic
---- - Negation - used to change a statement from affirmative to negative or
vice-versa. - NOT
Types of Reasoning
Deduction -

Induction -