HEIFALAI SE GAP'LE HAV R E'BOU LOG N E'CALAIS'PI ERR EVA LCR OU EN'NO RMAN DY'AM ENSOH ESDINOST..

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HISTORY
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1st CANADIAN AHMOURED {(,

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CARRIER RHGIMENT o
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)BAAKEN HOVEN.DI ETER E ROOUO BOOSTER ENOECHT.SCHI LBE RG.KCN IN GSBOSCHOWALOE FUC,,.,U1N-
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Killed in Ac.tLon

Uurt. Kitbq, F .F . 18 Jaru.attg 1945

B t37361 Tpz' GnLeve, K.A. 11 Septenbu li44

u 6053 TPtt' Jolvuton, H.G. 17 JonuanA 1945

F t106 Tptt. Rugglet , I .W. lS Jaruarq 1945

A 107104 Tptt. Guttry, R..F. 9 Febtunq 1945

o tsta0 Tptt. OeLi,aLe, A. 9 Febtuanq 1945

L l07tll Tptt. ?alh, J.W. 9 Febttuaq 1945

c 9t569 Tptt. IteFaddet, C.G, 13 Febtuatry 1945

c 437 cpl. gauUng, S.A. 23 Feb,uroJly 1945

A 624 sgt. Sull,Lvon, E.M. t ltateh 1945

B 116456 TPN. ?utcivol, E.U. 27 Llor.ch 1945

B 148774 Tpz. 9rtaln, J.T. 9 Apftil 1945

A 66624 sgt. G,Lbbovu, H.C, 12 Aptuil 1945

ALel od Uowdt
0 13642 Gnn. G.A. ttlottnded 29 laguat 1944
fltrtchitu,
A t7231 Tptt. OiAh, A.N. Uowtdel 3 $ctubal 1944

B 15A55 Tptt. &Lecwut4 f.A. Alrruttded 16 Febtuntty 1945

B 149140 Tptt. Fi.thu, O. ,t*Ld 27 ,loaLh 1945

r.Esr, CIE ro8cqr

I
 Tfui-t boohte.t ptextilt a btuLei out!,ine .oi .t\:? Kang-anoo *y-yM'
rhl bt';,t pr lo-nxd iA; i .b4 o Znatt. pSp- ol oz(rl
'fr;;;tr !!?.Y::u,,^f!ff!'
,LfLe 4 a,w*thu
tin. OJtd di{(iu,rr,g
IFr;';
i'-oatoi*i;i,,"re4rd'
ffilrf,rrri' itt.obtni*Lng
it; *i;;;-i;;b,LA
tsve a?y
isIutJSL rTILve, -4:
io.si'Y a1.":W,u,^::o:Y* ^Wo,!,,
ffilr^h;;,";' u r,isio.o1: ino4o si? *? ^o-6,4*u1,fo: X?,
;i- tt"i*;i},i
ffiffi'ffi;t;: ol tne ieginle* on netiting t\? 1lo,\s
G,t ir *hott
m.t1, i(. too lit
th.eq tee anu il:d,tantegl
onlanao- on o&g
{i,t, e*{ange, 6e,t clotMlro'L 6'tJ* itl
lill '

arq @ua6lona.

o^,o.Afo\,';;,w#;y#'##"jfw,$rwrn"rrff #n^
-i,* be
*A
i t4t tlrg- i ehicte, ye e1tabty,it a&.et,- t houtd enplo ed g

t"iria-ir;; Eiiliu. ihe rontu', tpwrthead .o{.the

6

iii- iis;ri
'wurL ,*[iii io auatoq ott the nachitt?-^gryl *d
Zisia., *?? oz
--
;roil:ir^r,,A podA-,-ion iUl theq net'd.tatize all the nonttttt
;"''* n*u ;a=a""rl:i4is ilttapnel and bt-aat uetted
q
.o*|.fr;;u- *oii i.n;
Zin 'h;;L'*tip't'i"s
g.evelted- (nom comlng (otutand u il^fu ftiW;n the
;!r"? ri!i"6*
gnound,, and
*"m,**Y"uoiT;f i'oT ffi?, iffi,:;ffiffi k a;
the
L;;; { the
ln(a$tq. .{tom
o

n*i-*n iir*tiret.
ia The neea 6in-..n1otection
-o_(
the $0rt tUe iilt e u*iA;i pilition wa.6.g,lry. otutauL
Thz opetaLLoru
to the
-wram
swte be,ing tuwid i"*-terirtteil tnit bcbl' -,T.hu
,rtt to 6; l;_;4 i7q4 KinqilLoo, a vetvleae.
'i[ ,i glvlng
upabt-e o{
goi,g whetevett liu"i*f" eoutd i; adeqtta'te ptoteetLon
-ti-inu lndo,ttt:ty niAlrr up to th{ obleuLLve'

A o{ Mlt'on'?a,ieatt' lAnwLut 105tmwell{a

ntttnbut
SP ounal wute
itto pltce'
atquittzd, tlru g,)|** i*Zura";ffAdtifonal atanoua ttroa completed
Thi-o naion !0b,";Lir;;;e-* I+h"-i;;ej,"t weeha,
in
vatLogl
aA iarlu dat7t bt1 A-rtt:;,rt_e66o1y-ii tne W o.l (nom lt*)ttuttl
Aloth'thopd'
Lvetu {on thz ;;";n^rLe
-";lf^
on Piut ;;;;.-;[t4i4"'ry .
tuuhed 7o tluin vehielu a.nd
*l Au;nioicunerrt g,Lottps,qu on trwhiry'
iiiW*nid ifi; *t;n" ,rtAn *the-i["f'*'t .gott on4onlzina on the taal to
i5 *ouvie
Thete veh,blet wvte uted in
Farni-ee. rne eTpiliiei; W;;;e a swnt'tuicett and 1,ne o.{ +9
;ffifr'5oo t*u-ifrir,Ai.ilg eQ^;ani ioobaLeJD6.it the hi.ttotuLc
hat
'Fabite
the
&D, iA due to thete vehietea ora tlrait, Theg
ff^oi, th; ;;bitira orld the unging upoe{*g'
0n Ltth Sagut | 44, a equailwn o$"aiuu6,
cttuiotu un"e oa4anizcd' ttti/ch
(ostt ttwopA oi i|*;n;;;W1io 4 tloop o1lia,eru
ana
-ihe aetu* v4iitu availtble spa
att 0.C. Squ,adtloi-.
'niuru'-iili-
;io;t-;{ir*iin "i-A*
l*;
-o{
tlre rats,i"ae &p act Lan. Ttteae wne
&trrcd 5 Auunfutg naehine-gwu and abotrt 60 pUcettt. wUe .e4uip.ped
siattett.
,N.ffi ThU{una no co--d,tvLv4l tt opetul,e the te.t on {ite the
ry-. The teltut' cotUi.rted o( a dtLvUt t^,i.th, in Ume eAA?)r-1A an odded
ifrerr, an o[(itUt orr,V.C.O.'Thi.A utne to be bnov,m at the."Kantgat$o"
&r"iiton, thl" nane bdns tuggettel no doubt bq the pnotection oi the
e;ntid, orl 'anryuched'-lndantttU, eL a hangatnoo ptute.el,6 1:t+ tlo.un|,
ug atto beostse o{ the 6aeX ttat eorui-dettabte novi.ttg on
-'iunpittg'
done. ine Sqirgarcn tDoA olltchel to the 25th Cdn Atmd Regt.
s,x,outtd una
$at adninlttttotLve punp|tu oilA; $ott opelu,LLotu i-t. utne undut
conann o[ voaiou ln(afiLtul Bni4adu itt tttitl.

The Swodton, wi.th thaii llTt ott 'KANGARo0S' , \DLA. anplaAed.

inieni.atetq. The $itut oagawized aoLian tua^t put{oaned aga,but Le
t{,av,LL, wtiting wUh tne (f,nou 51at. Hi4t*atd.!1vt4i-on, *hu.panf. o{
tSre firut Co,ninfu.n AJuriq.- Thia ae-LLon$rcvel htglLlA.6ucclzl,66u/'; *lte
tndafiiq tudi,uet bd a aingt-e etttull.g, q+d gyd a2l ttLeiJL
a|jee*tiuea,'ionhg on then a6;4n*Ug-(iuh". Thia aoti-orl trna
SclUounn qlicbty 6y the auaifit oieoulog.ne and ColoiA. Ouitlg
the Botilnlne act*n the Kangatwot eane
-hrauy
utrut corl6i.d8^.abl-e troil-uun$
&itte and thotilng. The ca.aua.(*Let tu.66utet ,^*1il6t.the,.ln/,oatny
iii i thi Xigaruor -,^na rril, Thia pnovel-.\eqond a doubt the watdh
od the Kangatwol, The conbinel ututta od tlu.e 6iiltjh4ee. ac,tloru
lJrde th.e io,ne KangoJtoo a. bg-uWl, among tie In{antttq uho had untthet
ui,th thu. GtletL Lucce,r,A hod' tealted fut the fu'al Wpote 06
gaiaing oblectlvet and taving l,Lvu o$ In(antrugnu-
The llTt un)Le ,LQLtuvled to bd.dnance, A nw veh,iile, the
Canadi.an Ran Tanh. with the fuJtlet. nanovel and the full el,eaned otrt,
unt dtuutn of PiW*val negt Rouen, Ftunce. ThUe Rotru had beul
dnlvur ott the uny {tan the Nonaildq bqr:lle;l,. ThiA i,a the.Kottgostoo
ttst- mott |n[antti;nin asne *o hnow,-.wi.th i.tL htb .3A Mouni"ngt
orA entirg tie,in 6un 6ine-pot$ell. The ttttwtgth o( the.Squa.dtwn una
niw inuteited to appnixhratetg 16 f'qngoaoat- to etch o{ 4 4 -ttwopt'
The Sou,odtton. net&.u eauippel and te[it*el, cont*ttued on the lang
ioattia iin'Piwftval to' biry, Hddtut,^St. h4, Cluel, y.pt en,
'ttuirt,'C;ur*)@1, Ouduuile and Aloat, and th.ence bg Lrutrtry.Fq b
-curte
tlitt i, Hottand'. HUe the Squa/rtwn
-iririri unQtt eafiand oi +he Second
Atr^A ,lri"h uaa thet engaged h *w;rrrg ^the enarty $aon fie
twi.to,Lg uut o5 Ventn and fu-Ultund. Reheatuo/;t uve uptiel otrt
uith vaa-iau unin and runy LUtotu ur.e lWuten in *he c,p-spelailian
o[ att anrns. Howve]r, the-pttt una changed be$one the qualtwn
beeane iavolved.
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 Tt.ecteninq oA the ?ottt od llltnorLp una cottai-dued to be o[
i
ralrt ttnatenifit
-pUU
ioAre of. ilLL t ine atd to the Kanganoot .wule
stt tn
;E rzC a Wnt iil tlut openot Lon. . The 64t acl).on unt
rmialt the hetviiq
- ielended Orrtch'c,i.tq
o[ S'Huttogwtbotch on .ALe
fri kf"but '44. Fotltwing th,ia, *{ Squoarun tinaEet,ch,
ued eonLinug4lg
llougettel, '
,*.Jru6-i"ttUirA; St. rt"iri"ligefiet,_ Box.tel,
Raarudonlz illd l-aNL.
lr,[h;tE, koa*Achurv-ei, $loapich., Ua,tpitlz-.Bovenr,
T'llu-- sq;';dno" u,ot tnii' ,r*niin' &oi ae-LLon a-nd trcptouped d T!l*9,
iff*tXdd.- T'li6 ,r,ot-iie dt it iii Xigotao Squa.dIwT,- bnoutry at auch'
It tr^r^d to i.t6 ateait ioie tnil1q t${i' , a ctediltbLe pu{otuance i'n
tfu. thar* tuto montl* 06 i-t6 LL6e.

Uh;te theSquad.non u,oA thu^t bu.ditq wlgaged duilng the La.ot weelz
ts k*abuL, 6ome lart-rcactving ehangel wUte tah,ittg ntace. , So inPot*ant
ait 6gu4 the wontz'o$ the Xoigoaood-at the Fa.ls.i-oe.Gap a4d.4,lu HavLe,
3ll,a/cogne and Cotti^a-, Md ao Uesnt1 fud i.t thoun
-be,u oud.
tlat thi,t wat
*E- OleX ne,thod o6 ;enue,in| lni,antiq ca.dul.tiu o{ t3*zing
iAie*tuet wilh tpeet, 1-li.t Antnq Gnoup .dec,i-del to. 6oY a -Reginent
th;t
i6' fnt g*oot wi.th" eneh o6 ilte tw atfiiel und'U epnawl'd,. CoruUluentlg.,
i7 Utlr \el.obut 1944, fiiut
Cannnian l,tm| arrtlwtriret tlte.$otuuLion od
tne- tii Cananian Aun6ued CatwLu Reg,inetlt.. R'eginer*al Hudquat*'etu
w,-s e$tAli^ttwd it fufwup and the witcb o( donrtng a Reginut oi ry
q,ndrtoru and a hetdcsuoaie-tu utat tttstted. R.H.Q.. o6{b? we'1teleL
G i, an tpa*tne.r* ii l*toturp and hettquantent. ieruoinel and veh.Lelet
w)Le olEenbt-ed i- neattb,,4 *inptt. Safi,jelg l.a.d lttU beu done athu tlte
?e4-,Qrrt-r^,rA- ptteed udUt eorrnand o$ the Second UifiAh tWry oa. o$
ltl Novunbut'wi.th iwbu?t'Lora to bL netng {on actinn 0A a Re4inet*
bg tth Novanbett. Fo1,tuuteta tJle ptopoul opeaati-on di.d twt
**ur;nlizi ana th.z Reginwt'una g'iven 6one ilwch'needed tinz .{ott
o,ag*riroLLon. Titbuhg-in Hott-attf,una aeteetel at thet eoifr 6*
coieettsto,LLon. i;-11rfu-to,^,n- cante *e Sqtndnon, {nuh,-{rcn ai.tion and
HaQ and tein$otrcwrretrtt $tom fufu)uLp otd.GheaL.. NovunbuL artd
'oad
Oei.u,r\u, wute aier* i
inganiz.ittg
-ail the.Re4inry ry^ bnoyght un
-oil4.iial
i-iiingth
-in irl'pe.,uonnel vetilelu. TlLe Sqladno,n
,.- y
d.Lvi-ded tott' in onlu to a tw&etu o{ expelly:en nwt ttr
pnovide
thz nat Scauadaiu. Each o{'the tan.nut Squa-dnoru W 53 .Kangartoot
;{ th; coipet*ed tun tpe,- each wi,th a ui,n o{ .at leaLt fr^to.
L
Foua
tioopd wue {otuted pul- Sqiudaon enc.h etpab6e_o$ 44ti"g cotnPan7
o$ l'n/.o,tdttg.- A Squa-dtwn'coul,l tlutt cntutg a futtal,i-on'

?e-tuow& o$ the Kanganoo Re4inwt weteltatn {r'//\ all !nir,6

o$ the Cawdian linounel C:ary! anf,-tone.6ryq lafilletu4 .(oamatioru.
eJeas- onovinee atd evuut ltit).ta4q giJtpiif. hon il,6 qwta o{
ipniu|rrtatiuot. Thete- divetue elureifuL ttti.th tldi tuttenen
Loi;Ir,Ln wane noulled bg the rud and bttod and loit ^a!, lllqut
o6'a d,L66LeuU. wit*ut enhp;an ittto a ui,tQn ?e4inetrt 05 Mgh
nonole.

E:_'
 lkilt tie Re4ines* unt the deoiti,on utat netched to
il-n't it ii the ?9th Eniri;it{orurittg, oivitinn. Thia tlunsiei tnolz
lSEr ! ryoetrbut atrd the Kangatwot
^Moaen esuel, tlp ditLineti.on o{'being
*. nlg Conadian {oturoLbn in *i.e (anou a^dmtlt Oivi"ti,on.'

ffldg in Januottq a hal(-tquodtwn o{ tlrc Re4inent uta.t wnployed

,re.o^td;dUlq. bt a +elfi,tvelg mill bd di66lcillf. opetal,Lon a,t.
hrru }ood i,n a bfhtd.ia ircwtoan. Tw6'dagt lt?li tJtz Re4inet*
t t *alz trove4 to.the artea. od winteilItg, Belgiailt, in ptepanation
W. oq^aLion n&(tchcocb,,. Ftwm ltute an o54eru7ve hoa Loauehej
*;e.zn the llaat and the Roau wo(t ittto ci;nang i.tael6 wirh the
ificrtian o{ aelLeving p,LQAluLe on the Andwmet'udonl fuuilta
;tt ud,e $rcn Si,tl,otrd, agaitut Su.tteten, Ba,abenhovwt, giel,etoL,
Mwottestsn, Echt and sLhilbet4; t-hetcL ettfiun-d,t to xoningaborctt
4 qo e6\cl* attd thwr to Sehiehtnttetwnofih, putA., Uotte.ntfia,th,
9trlten a,nd Et.tpwt, uthh a {inol funge to Ue*eruth, 0turtrtwt and
nirlbr,ag. Thi6 opetuti.on-nn^o entiel otrt wdut the no* di66iailf
wdi.ti-onA. lc| ,@atA $owel, dotut ptwguta umelimet to one-il-te
V ht,n.
try
Snolr-and tlee,t, i.ce and'rliniig cotdi-i1og and dibnetd,
horrnA o{ uni.ting and daiving; ninel,-aad, duieiel twodt, ,uii
M en and udd,u 6iel4^o; novenestt o,L arfien evulq da7- ond ruighf -
dl thete thingt nsde the Jaauoaq canpai4n nmaaabLe. En&uance waa
btfin fu the lhnLt. Hazan-d^o aboundel: S.f. garu, ahell-ditte, montatu
ed innunetable ninu exac/".el a tpll i.n net and, vehittel.- Mote than
Lir,t4 o$ the fuind,ned-and-tix fun cilutiett nequinQt ofie!ilfin {t';on the
*2covulq. crleil$.and the L.A.O. Twetty-tun Kangaaoot hod $tarch. ninel,
eine hat beu bnochd od bg thett-d;rru. Haurzvetnthe Ka.nganooa ptovzd
on! o{ the dee)tive (aetoru in the opetation ottd dunouttta.ten thiQin
valte evur undut the.nott di66i$,1f. cotld,i.ti.onA. The Getura,tu wue
d*Lvur bach a*ou the Roett.
4
&
Febtuanq '45 once o4oin taut the Kango,nno Re4inet* in a.c.*i-on,
+{tul an o,ll4oo-baie( peiind [oa *e{iif,ing. fida tine i*. unu. the
W thhq: .Opetubion- ittetuLttble,, rte ekiaing o{ the Geamn belneen
the llau ond the Rhine. The autb,irtg o{ the uAh^rndeht. The futetehiag
q{ 4e Ste4{nid Line. ilpetatian Veiitible be.gan on tth Febtu;r.tA ,4i.
The.?,e4inent ynotlot o66 6ton ltijae4et, auuing-the Line at. Faa.eaih
srd' untinuel, thtwuglt- [on aw*g-hine. dary o{ irc.utoat $ialrtirrg.
\ry the .Katgatuot tooE Wnt ii-afi,a&a on Kianetth)ig, Fiaitetl.,
W\4e4e, Hittgtbaq $eatuLe, Uwtctben, Clevz, lbglattd,, itatult,
le ?inpl,q, The llolh, and the hiah gruund touth o[ Crtcott, ttoofun8.d
Fotett utd tl.e twad tp lleen,and- titallg tuttttn. -Thia oplenti.on, like
the zett, hat runy and vanied otia;u.- an sm;ce i"t tp-o liniteil evet
to a,ttenpt one, Le,t alane the ululz. The isb uu fune ogain duptte

f-
 a l.Lirlg eondrbisna and, detpi,te the deryetute oppoti,LLon o[Again
the
Tnn Patulttoop divi.ti-otu, the uleen o( the utung't ryA.
qryttr ,iu t&)Le tu{[uted, again tlecovuL, o$ danaget otd boggd-doun
b hxgttg, had, to be WUQ{ otrt-o( the rud on teryitten a6tuL attaeb
a. &zooba.-6irc.
4l\

&
The Re4inetrt una once morle ,iliehilw^ttl (ot te{i.ttittg. The nex.t
jot mr b bA the nott qeetneulat and tlte l-aat.. ApelttLoni?lulduLi
fu. c,aottt"trg o{ the nial*g Rh,ine and. $ittol noppittg-up od the GwrCItt
rnuy. The keginett uwated the $unau untul baaniut on the fuae$tq-
trrrcrrfh o{ lloach. lt woa the {itut. Cannnian Atutounel {atuvtian to
crorr5. llette the |ightitrg una tnu4h of. $iltat wi,th aone ca.tuall,,Let
6eilg tu{$uet. tfe Re4inet* tooh Wt. in nwy qrd vadel opetahloru
fu,ring tii6, the (iwl,- plroae o$ the unl., Afrtl'cbl went in on
Wliaet, llegchelut, Laidon{t,- Ru.uiln, Botteilo, fuachwn, Loehe1n,
w,a,xlt, llatdenbuag, llaazheal,, Hiitut, Grcetbelg, l$6e-rt, Hoog-halwt,
lcl/re,-fultt, Loor{,' e*on;,ngen', and an- odvance wde {twn lulalt. thtouglt
Wuvell and Twi-dt tn tJre'Noortde toude Konal, lleppwt, Sogel, Lottttp,
bagut, Vteet, Uettelte and illetbut4. The latt 'Ult' 1nt done on
th,e-notwing o$ the 6i6th o{ llag,lg4-i,at 0700 lwutu. The uru o{(iti"olly
ernQn in ilte earudi;n- aeelit one houa ktu. Tle advanee mde tlat
mtning unA one o{ rrlne leverl nilu noalh a.nd ettt o$ 0llubung,
*:tmnA. It uded, wi*h the complel.e tumetdu o[ an ettine fu,t_ttdant
ln/,antA Ba.tl,a.LLon. Not a atwi uru {itted. Thia-nnt the end o{ the
W.tuna.chtt t ort4anizel nui.ttanez.

ln the nerl. dtut the Reainent -ol

Aut so,thaled it a wncetilta.tion
attet, ot Pehein, Cehwtq.- The urfruett *e unJt'6 ettd uru di66ie!,1,t
to guap. An the ltth- llag the Uat &A Waad'e oi the wi,t. wt hQld.
The- Cortnanding O{{ieu addnenet ile Re4inettt..
-hiAtttLg tlup atn tone etccttptd
iran hit lfreech.- 0$ oahievernettt, . . . oi the Kangotwoa i.t
- n

b*6, extending o*g 5ton the tattut Waf, ol- r{tgut ta l4A ... M
i2 ii poct;et lu* oi ai*irrru $twn Noamilg to Awrong.n 06
tactd{'be, '. ] . a ci.eualtg t:Jt o5 17: hifi*i. and tevitttg-0ry. rytlurrden. - -
the ptfue o$ taccett. itte- honourl *odaA oui wrnudu dw mde the
tup:rtne udi6b.e." 0{ d,i.tilrcrion, i'... the only Re4im,rt lo be
{onnet in Holland .,. lleta;e the oaange ul-ott ne lra;ve ano$ [on oua
Itwtttlut {lailt; the only Cawnian Katgamo Re4itncnt on4 the -fio*zau
in the Bilri;h lanq o[ ilut 5otu o[ Setvite, -the oilg Cana'di.a,n

E_
?e.aitnu* in the 79th &ti.Li.eh Aurauned giviti-on. o.. FunthUL, bg good
liianne, wz lrave achievel 6one "FiJttt,t" wlulch no one ean t*b9 -$wn
,;. firut Canad,i-u Reginett tn be enilielg tili.thir Getuo'nqn.lJaruan! '451
;::.. . Fb^t Canatin ne[ine* d(Ju66 the SieA$aied line" lFebuwt!.'42lr
"..: firut Atnouned. eeiU,e* o$ the Canadian-Atng to clu6s the Rh,ite"
l27tJ1 ltateh '45l,.

/trld cone-htti-on - rPe3;ce hoa naul come to Eunape. The Long

in
cou$e- o{ the uwt twt been btought to d 6ueer)6(ul .cqne}tuion. Ue
it*.a nUre"conquer;,tt1 on Geluwi5oil, deltttogelu o$ the utrue o{
llazi)m..." .

TruAdit the Kangatwo Reginer* 644ht and wotth b \lrq.Ttlry

ttstuggte. The ptwblan oi noving the lnlantttq (tom St$tt Li"ne to
1bj{&ive oL aieed oil utish a ninirun oi cat-,tnl,tiet had beu tolvei.
fAL ictieaL ianaling o$ tn{antttg fuL baff,'te had bewt Levofutiowlzel-
hg the Kottgo,ruoa!

8
 ofi{Irs aF ztsr ARt4y Gaau? cARRtEo 7]ltrc BATTLE

BY THE MilGAROOS

Jm3 t8trTlsfl AffIr 4*h Bn gotuet, Reginett

Sth Bn gotue.t. R{ginent
1th Bn Sonesuel. -Liahf lntunttu
W Sth Bn guhe od Coahtnl-L "Wtt'
lnf,anbul
il.f L 9{golh Re4inent

Wtk l/dl ?Lvi.aion t9th lln{l Oivi.aitn

J.d,/Ifr *t Queesu Re4i,tnznt Znd Bn Ettex Reginettt
8d & 9zvotuhine Re4inet* Znd, Bn Gl-oueettB.trthine Reginefi.
l[t ll' Aunhan Lighf ln{anflq Hollanuhine Bn

-[nfi {&nd} Oivi.tion Sltt lln6l, glvi.tinn

lffi [n Kingd Scotti-oh Whf
ln{o,nttq Lnd tu Sea.{ot*h tli4l*ruden
Sth Bn Csnettoniatu
5th Bn Bt r,:h. Watch
tffi (tn6l Oivition lt* 8n Goadon Hi4t*ande,tu
sthl7th 8n Goadsn tli4htttdetu
ttt 8n Roqel Scota ltt *t &ta'ch Uotch
1th 8n Btz;eb Wdfch
ffft & Ki,nga 0un Scott fua.detetu 7th Bn l'igyW ad Sutheiland.
Itt. & ?arnetonfuru HigltutldeJu
xtt & Seadonth Hi4hlattdesu
&d Ea Gtaqow Hi4-hlande:u
lfr h Hi4l,,tud -Ught ln(anttw lzttd ll+d't 9iv4pn
trd,8n tun&on Uial{inden
td & At SyU art Suhe^hN Tthllth 8n Payal Scota
tli4hlodesu lth 8n Xittgt &m Scote 8r,a.d*etu
1th 8il Kirtgl &m Scote balene,ru
l*d lln(l Oiviti,on t
63ttd llntl Oivi.ti,on
afr En Sonetuel. Liaht, lniathur
atft &r ttittthite tJeeinefi 6th 8n Royol Uelah Futilietu
5tt Bn Wiltehine Re4ineft lth En Uelah Re4itrwt,
7& h Hantpthite Reginerlf. l0orf, d't

-a
 Uf{ITS OF 2IST ARIIY GROUP CARRIEO fi{TO BATTLE-
BY TI{E fii'GAROOS
lCanetutell

FIRST CAltArIAl'J ARMY

2nd Cdn lln6l Oivi-ti.on

Roq&L Re4inefi. o$ Canoda
Rogal tlaniJlon Lighf h[anthq
Eta ex Seott i-dh Reginent
Re4inefi. de lla,i.toturure
CalAozq Hi4tufutdetu
Sotrth Sa.tho,tehe:*wr Reginent
Queen'a ilwt Cureson Hi4hlrudetu
o{ Canada

3rt-d Cdn ltn]l Oivi.tian

RoAaL UitwLpeg Ri/.tet
Regina Ri(Let
Itt Bn Cananian ScoLil,th Re4inent
Hightund Wht lnf,anttq o( ennnda
Stoturont, Oundoa and Glugamq
tli4l*adesu
Nanth Nova Seoili-a. Hi4ltlafietu

tlth Cdn llhrndl Oivi-eian

* LEh.e Supuri-oz Reginent.
Linealn and UeL,tand Re4inettt
la.gyL and Sufhultild Hi4hlaade;u
o6 Cano.da

. ilr, ril AtDtTtoN

Elt r'u*,6 o$ Rogal fi*Lf.kag ottd
Rogal eattadi,an P*ilAetq, i.e.
F oruwl Obtuwati.on 0{{itut

*af,i,Uot4 8;eptrl, entativ e

iluet*a od Xoyal llu,tauffl Engheuu

10

r
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FIVE :.,.,,.ur1,1G51
 &

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il

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..ii
'i

;rAr* * a sF i,t"mounr for rho 3.7-in gux" Thit iroiect ttal3bt*-?8$X1f#t#ffii

1913.
i .r:..:., . ,l i. .+
I(angaroo
uasiet a*a tire sitins of an observatigq Pq:ii9! !Y!!ti
in the turret front' vision slolF The other importa$t:rap, foi'wUica th: Rgljl.tt
#;;;o-di"r*""i'trptae' ii ir'" ra"rpro.,e- l;"' op caqigr, fhis was-f
;;;G; rlerreloornddr:is
;;-;r-t ; h;-iio ni The hrdra 9.! ie. tt1frse cqq ffi the British Army wgs
ffi"H;H;; id, turret was lirnited in haod ;sn;i1*;ta*v"top,qent:tit,
"l*ie.,*t for it f"r ts
a* P".
in **i* ITITIT;
te44, the value or
rraverse to 45n each sidJ rti io*rn'n{erls -hatch
periscope
concerned
the tracked armoud #;e #t9;. foi tbe.int'antrv
'li'ilffi-t;;it-'d;;=;o;trated"
*riu*rJ and markJ .:so ttiat the hdtch
so that hatch
"* i* n fin,@Yf4d,sigttt- ffttiliJiliir?iilJFni*ri.ax;thistryuegrvehisie'
.*fllJireO as a'dire$iott n"d"ra"d sight-
finde4nd fwo' No.
sisht. Two No:
ilffi; i" ; 'I;;fiiEiu"rqd,o rog,,t'":-gt*
;;:;fiffiiis *i*i";'r ;'# fu': f t',
red&-re carried
motriiea-Uettina tl
gf$fd
c.1

iJieii.,iil-.iii;r=a1*e!e,rn.til*u!:lH*"'jffj; il.;;; B;;th' *". enough' the

"';'i;JJ;i -doi s* io' his gilnveri i'
'
t z;&#il;',i *ry"f# ::,*.m ?,?"ffi*"""Itft
"i*"'-eppropriatery :

by the Caradian ArmY E gi.tolig

H":'J"ff:*' ffiG; iilit"**'tt;'subseqirentlv
q

n*,rwr vf, -LegsEr? R"*

,i,ilu"??r ii i"'kt w:ry
---t-iuiia"tat conJ:T*H
and the'se Ram oPs
OP vehicles'r;Je;d
tc the same -
equlppe( I with
i,".. oia.lv used by the fleld
in the N'W' Europe
regimenls
campalgn' Hilii' h;;j;;;s*t r-eaa' ii'"" inra*try had to bc
of open ground in the
Sextons ;;tp";;"d ;7". iui rig
"*panre aod,otrupy
Otne u"ffey to support a tank attack
;i&;;i'""olti'ctt*an was availabl*' while
defe$ce lines' a
this was
ir*i,?a o-uirGi of half'tracki
to-carry up
;;ili;*'iid;umii"nt, for it was nec€ssarv However'
;;'il i;AG *iio nt' tot this major ssault'
just been replaced
a
in
;;,h"',il;-ir,e priesi traa
6elcl-resirnilt bv tF.**- :i:
Eriiittt -rI^CuouAinn SP
n'1't't'e' workshops
;;;;; Si*"udr arranged ror
-howitzers
from as manv dis-
-

;;^;;; the 105'mm:

arlaitab'le' Kncrlrn popularly as
placcd Priests ss rYere
IUnrL"t.O Priests", and later as' Priest.Kangarocs'
plated in and
th;;; ;;hi"G rraa ttre"gun embrasurecr'erall operaticn
carried I2 infanrymer't'Tnougtl fhe
was not eatirely ,u.o'il't, ih" irt'* the
of, using
makeshir't armoured p"*nl"i "ttrierg
proved highly
Kangaroa ir{ea at
;;;i;;;;'t' ir,-ietlv G;kG'the had bee*' dn*e
;il;";"t si:,'rg'iv a-teu;oa'i **at
of what
the Germars had been
il';h;'il;;iiit *;,, aoti
to 1944
,i.iiii'iiiit- *ecanc: lut al'C* lave prior
;tnmeoiatelv
fbr a linited
the British had not u*tf
,r rt"if+.;'atkt ift";;.iat*'
,'';i;'i;;;;;:;il;,; arrnoured divisiorts' ,
"rt"tl*, t*ken uP bY ?eth
d-init i.''n trhich rvas resporslb1e
for 2t Army
*r"r**t"J
aJ-
,
tr rd
'3.I

Ram O p tank ofd Scxlor?equlpped SP rteU re1iment pasring through a tillage sffeet in Holtond in lanuary' 1945.'
{IraPetial V/ar Mussum}

Group's spi&Iized Eehtinb wtigles: E3 September and were sa sr.rcceasful ihat it was decided to equip
i94+ the Cncadiacs'frad,fbirnd i special Kangarqo a British rsgiment for t$e speciatircd APC r&ler Ons
rrnif, [sl Casadian Armoured Cader'Regimeot" this armoured brigade wqSshop coaverted i2S R.am
time rrsing couverted Ram tanks of which plenty were taoks fsr Eritish. use as. Kangproos within a mcnth,
available- Th+ t'.lrrot was removed and qpe No; t9 and the 49th RTR. was red.esigpated as 49th APC
wireless set was movcd into the:left spg#otr- Ruas$ opertrtqthem. From dte end.of. 1944 unul th€.
and footsteps were welded to the hull sidJxi to ptpvide t bf nbyxities.,h eufope ffitw'o APC reei'
a means of gptting aboard, and bepcf FqS y* oerat{{ vafl#,1 s ta Awn,#dr Division con-
fttted iu thc tunet space to hold eight to flevetr trol ,y'ndi eayi
o*A valuab,le
,rl,,chle serf,ice- disnite the limited
iofantryrnen. Crew of the vehicle wa^s 9*o, dri{er and numtiers avdilable aod the improvised nature qf tha
commaoder/wiretess operator. ThE Raln Kangaroos adaptation a major failing of which was the lack of an
were used by the Canadians il the talcing of Boulogrre armoured top. in ttaly, nieanwhile, 8th Army t*ok

Belov anl topfact w page: Twa vte*sqf rhe Rerrn lRV Mk. I shows thc simple nature af lhls canversian. (lmperial War Murcuro)

.r *tt*'j::.ff -,.ry: :"j;ilt...' !' \''"

i*i5 ;.
.':.:. ,:r..r. . l: -1:
' .rrn
;.;,i;:.:i. . - I-:r:',

"ff,; :nF;i ,r
!au. ..: at!
'?' ': . ::.;ili;

ilPt
 oearesl the Ram came to action ia its original tank
configuration.

R:rm ARV
Other spe,cial-purpose variants el the Rarfl w$re pro'
duced in smalter numbers- The Ram ARV ll'Ik' t was
a recovery vehicle whlch featured tool boxes on its
rear hull decking and a winch fitted lo the hull front"
This was a towing vehicle enly aad the ierv vehicie+ so
altered were moltly Ram Mk. Is. The Ram ARV
Mk. II was a more sophisticated conversion, pro'
duced in Canada to thi same design as the British
Sherman ARV Mk. [t. This vehicla had all the slixnt
niiirgi as all British "Mk. tt" standard ARVg of the JS
time, including dumrny fixed turret and dummy gun' ffi

r"". lib, ea*hlpade at rear, and electric wineh (with

25-ton pull) insiallEd in the former turret slace" The
Ram was more widcly- used than the ARV I
anV-ff
but no precise figure'for the number of vehiele* so
convertd appe&rs to have bepn: recorded-

up ttr€ Kq{g4roo ide4iusing,!{ets ouoo *or1 o}t11 mfi". versiot* of the Rarn''inclu&d a fe*n' test
t6*E;w*tild*ty" *hermar* v*rich were cofiverted itr urfriAo'or prctotypee. After Bieppe, when-a special
.iltt* sryle ro it*'nat E' nam Kanproos rernained engineer assault taak wae proposed, !+E Easl $.las
i"'ri*tAt f+rry servi:c for sery* yca.rs ia small nurtt; coisidered a.s a possibility for the r6le. Two test
Uerq podt wtir traHt splqialUed APCs tikE t-he &racen
;;hi"h;;*ou".t"o roi t*ats in 1943, vehicle
bus in tho
for
Ct *ehilt provede.more suitabb
U.*r u avaitabh. xiiris werb aiio used x iractors foi "irri'ito
;dt'G later known as ihe.Av-RE. ooc propq
iz-oar. antl-tank guns..and as,p.lnmurlition ca*ien fer
s.;A;;r*d
s"*i"o-*uiopea 5p
Sexlce<quiFpcd 5p, fietd' guo''esiments
ncia gun in this tattei
regiments;i iE latter ;;; i; c;;d" io tg*z+t was a sP AAhull version of
a*d *
form thcry *e,r" knot o 94 {/al}abies' The Canadiat:
ti* n * *ttich fe*iuredl a cul dcwn
atgo fitted sonle
ffam+throwing
placlng the'hu.ll 3Ee $trang€et
cattcdgadgqrs aod Caaadian
firstjn Pi"iS" a searchlight
were simitarty altered.'Badgers werc of which were
i;F-d;4i945 ixcc to sr€at effect bv the carrier for the C.E>.L.
Regt. (4th Canadian Armourcd
L.["--S-Gtiot "od'o'"tu ;G; ;*i to iltuminate forward airstrips' The outfit
Brisade) during "Operation Veritable"' They were r;rnpfy congisted of a complete 4{Fin'-searchlight
5lth Canadian A.rrnoured Erigade in *ointins can'ied in a Rarn Kargaroo' So far as is
"frJ--*a-ty
H;lh"d in t"tarctr 1945, but in this cas standard k";;, Inly very few vehicles w€r€ so fitted in the
num. *** usbd, retaining th€ir turreB, perhaps the winter o[ 194445,

picture shovt Ran Kangaroo, e taop cetict made by remoiizl of thc twret from tlv statdard Ra'" tto'"
f,filfi'.rg$'ftlilffii

'' ..;#.1{;
l!**r' r rti: ji':''':,:i;
a :.,::#a.'?. i: :
:...' :.''
 Anrn*{Jr*d Penscnra*l trffirri*ns - A Survey
by Major-General N. W. Duncan
r'3] ,e
:9
:l; ;i{
#
a1 r&J
5jG

..4# t{, ,
.sa 1

;&# .s_,3

",*
&€ ft
TF t*
ir
 Two 'wfrocked" ie ' degunned' Priesls on a 5l st ( Ilighlarul) Diviuon
route in Normandy, 1944. The pulpit, mounting a 50 tal mathine-gun,
Jiom which the vehicle got its nanre wu retained fu ils A PC role. (lWM)
while the idea was admirable, execution left much to be
desired with a vehicle too small lor its task in terms of
carrying capacity, too lightly annoured and with inade-
quate cross-country performance to enable it to do
what was required of it.
rUC EIRTU OF TIIE KANGAROO
Prospects for real cooperation on the battlefield appeared
if
very remote until one action in Normandv in 1944 trans-
r formed the scene, and produced practical proof that
e
tank-infantry cooperation could be a reality and could
!.,,
t,
be obtained at more than walking pace.
The initiative came from 2nd Canadian Corps under
,Ei'
General Symonds in operations across the River Laison
f.
south of Caen in August 1944. Priests, which were SP
it:i:j
artillery with a 105mm gun mounted on an M3 chassis,
Pr' were "defrocked", or more accurately "degunned", and
c the tracked armoured hull converted into a troop
+
t' carrier with resounding success. The advance, over open
s
ground in face of strong opposition, was covered by
tanks and the Priest troop carriers in minimum time.
I As hostile positions were overcome by the tanks, the
$-- infantry, fresh and unfatigued by a long approach, were
Y.,',
immediately at hand to take them over and ensure that
:,::
they gave no lurther trouble. A dfficult task had been
carried out at a coSt of minimal casualties by really close
cooperation between tanks and infantry. The APC was
Ram Kangaroo.
A " degunned ' Priesl in Itab). The 2nd London Irisll lrfles on their way to
,rossihe Riuer Reno at thi Argenta Gap, April 1945. UWM)
in business and was clearly going to play a part of ever
increasing importance during the rest of the campaign.
THE APC HEGIMENTS
Priests were in short supply and eventually the Ram,
the Canadian version of the M4 which could not be
upgunned'because the turret ring was too small, was
selected for use as the APC of 21 Army Group. Guns and
turrets wef,e removed and the vehicle under the code
name ol Kangaroo was used to equip the 49th Royal
Tank Regiment who were selected for conversion to the
carier role. To conserve mileage and ensure adequate
maintenance in view of all the calls likely to be made
on it, the regiment was transferred to 79th Armoured
Division where it was handled like the other specialist
units in that formation.
49 RTR reformed on, an establishment of two squad-
rons each of 53 KangarooS and each able to lift an infantry
battalion of BHQ. and four infantry companies. A lot
of vehicles were involved so that movement control
before and during operations was of prime importance.
Tactical handling on the battlefleld was 'easy because
the Sherman tank and the' Kangaroo had the same
armour; where one could go the other could follow
subject only to the limitation that the passengers in the
.Kangaroo had ro head'cover. A.Canadian .Armoured
Carrier .Regiment. was, formed at the sarne time as 49
i(JR i,lgre ctllt\0r't.d uttd thio;ils,.r i;riite ujldir L.r)j.il-
n111rl ill' 79lh Arnrtturc,il l)ilisiorr.
'.i-lie lechnique ol' l:artdliirg .f.i.ungaror.rs in attion de-
veloped liorn actLral e;{perience on ihe balilefi:ld and
underrxent many alterations und changes. i'.iotl;ing was
stereoiyped and everythilrg was based on lhe cl(rsest
possible liaison between tanks and APCs. Since tlre
latter often had to move on a diflerent line of advance
from that of the tanks, the need for some n"reaps of self-
delence was recognised from an early date.
'Ilre Ram
had a bow gun and to supplement this another MC was
mounted on the turret ring. 49 RTR throughout their
existence in the Kangaroo role were great believers in
the value of prophylactic fire and fixed every gun on
which they could lay their hands to their vehicles: their
expenditure o[small arms ammunition ran to astronomic
figures but their casualties were extremely light. The
infantry commander and his opposite APC commander
travelled side by side in adjacent Kangaroos, control
when mounted being vested in the APC commander,
subject always to the overriding right of the infantryman
to say at any time, "Stop; this is where I get out". How-
ever, provided ground conditions were not completely
impossible (as they turned out to be at several places,
notably s'Hertogenbosch in Holland), the APC regi-
ments regarded it as a grave slur on their efficiency if the
infantry had any distance to advance on their leet alter
disembarking-or, perhaps more appropriately, de-
pouching !
By the end of the r,var both APC regiments had been
continually in action and there was a wealth of experi-
ence, both for mobile operations and also lor set piece
attacks, on which to draw. Short though the time had
been since the Kangaroo first made its appearance, it
was long enough to allow drills to be laid down lor
deployment and employment on the battlefield.
Trouble with a big T always resulted from failure to
follow established practice. 79th Armoured Division
representatives continually encountered proposals from
commanders in whose support they ri;ere worfting, to
alter the drill, or the establishment, or the organisation
of the specialist unit, with entire disregard lor the
thoufiht, research, and patient experiment which had
produced accepted drills and procedures. This irrational
unnecessary and irritating work wasted time and involved
the expenditure of much energy and trouble to put
right. The Kangaroos were assault vehicles haadled by
specialist troops: they were always in demand and in
short supply. It was sometimes very difficult to obtain
their release or to convince formation commanders that
long moves out of action could be carried out more
quickly and with less fatigue in unarmoured troop
carriers rather than in Kangaroos which needed as much
maintenance as a tank if they were to be kept in action.
There was however a growing demand for the inclusion
of APCs in the post-war British Army and the situation
is best summed up in the words of the Commander of
79th Armoured Division who wrote-
"Although with the present type of vehicle it is
necessary to man the Kangaroo with RAC [Royal
Armoured Corps] personnel, it is considered that a
special type of vebicle should be designed lor the
infantry. When this vehicle has been produced it should
form an integral part of the infantry organisatit-rn and
be manned and comnranded entirely by infantry
personnel."
3'PCs SlillCE 1945
'I'he rlesign ol' the ;rost-viai APC depended on the
iinsrrcis io,seriral qlleslio.ns u,hich had treconre apparent
aj'ler an analysis r:rl' war-tinie uirelaliorrs where APCs
had been irsed. Among them were--
i. What vt,as to be the ftl1ure rtrle of the APC?
Were they to be carriers to the edge of the battlefield,
droppinglheir passengers tlrere and leaving them to fight
their way l'orward at foot pace? This concept was little
removed from the old unarmoured troop carrying lorry
which had proved so vulnerable to enemy fire and so
ineffective in getting the infantry effort to the scene ol
action at the right time. Alternatively was the APC to
carry itspasseflgers to the actual battle, covered both by
their own fire and by that of the accompanying tanks?
Were they, in, other words, to be sufficiently armed and
armoured to allow themrto fight their own way forward
against light opposition even if armoured support lvas
not immediately available?
ii. What was to be the size of the.A.PC in terms of carrying
capacity ?
To easc the problem,of control on the ground after
disembarkation the vehicle should hold a tactical sub-
unit-a section; a hall platoon, or a platoon. The larger
the vehiclejthe fewer would be needed and the less would
be the congestion on available routes. On the other hand
the larger vehicle inevitably accentuates the problems
arising from weight, Size, concealment, and also the
availability of suitable routes.
iii. lVhat weapons should the,{PC carry?
. The value:of prophylactic fire had been amply proved
driring the war. Was anything of larger calibre than the
MG'needed? Would APCs ever have to tackle lightly
held enemy positions on their own without accompany-
ing tank fir+-if so was there a case lor the larger calibres,
20mm or,bigger? lVhat part would the passengers play
when'in,the'vehicle: could their fire ever influence the
battlc on:the.rnove orwhEn.halted? Should'ports for fire
or observatr'on while in transit be provided?, . l
iv: Could,tanks, be used as APCs on the lines of the war-
tirne Kangaroo?
While,offering obvious advantageS for spares add
maintenance, this.suggestion involved thd accepiance of
little or no,head cover for ernbussed troops and the need
for them to go iirto action over the sides-unless the tank
was .radically,redesigned. Obviously a rear exit, was
needed and this should both be as large as possible and
unencumbered so that the vehicle could be used as a load
carrier at need, All this added up to the fact that a special
vehicle was needed.
v. What thickness of armour was required?
War-tinre'operations had pointed out the advantages
when tanks and Kangaroos carried the same measure of
static immunity, but this inevitably meant weight. In
turn this prejudiced the chances of another very desirable
characteristic-built-in flotation: the ability to cross
rivers, lakes and streams without the need for prolonged
preparation. In fact if no preparation was needed,
operational handling of APCs would be made that much
easier. .
vi. Would it be possible to achieve any measure of
standardisation with other tracked vehicles used by the
Arrny'/
Any saring that cnuld be effected in this lashion
u,oLrld be rr1'the greatest benefit in view of the inevitable
post-v,'ar financial stringency. It is worth noting that the
 @sd&;,,'
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*l-<5

Ram Kangaroos oJ 49th Royal TuA Regintenr corrring men of the l5th
(Scottisll) Divisiut into the altqck ou Blerick. opposite Venlo, the
Netherlands. Decetnber 1944. The Kangaroos carried the infantrlt right
into the town. Two Churchills coveriilg the odyance tan be-sceu'on'ihe
Iert. (rwM)

Kangoroos in Germany.1945. The iqfant1) passengers hqye dismaunte(l

for action in the tov,n. The,APC regimeilts regarded it u q slur oil their
efiiciency if the infantrl: had un,v distance to qdyance on their feet ofter
dismountirug.

l[en of 3il British Infutty Division mouuting a Rm Karryaroo pt epara-

bry t; the dttack on Battli of the Rhine"lutd. i4a|-ch 1,
Kervinhein in the
1945. This picture shows the dfficulty of using a taik chassis as ail
armoured personnel carrier. (IWM)

The M44 Armoured Utilitl.' Vehicle vas developed in 1915. Like the l[39
it was based oil the chassis of the M l8 Gun Motor Carriage, the llellcal.
Oily a few o.f these large, cumbersonte ,4PCs v,ere built. The M44.could
carry 27 men. (bottom right).

Restricted routes qnd bad weather lead to traJfic.joms. Kangaroos, u'ith

infanlry aboard, waiting to advance.