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Financial Modeling & Coding
Financial Modeling & Coding
Financial Modeling & Coding
Background
You can use the same data from Project 1 when required here. Not all tasks here require using the data.
Task 1: 8 Marks
NPV simulation
You are required to simulate revenues to simulate NPVs. Assume a discount rate of 5%p.a.
What is the probability that NP V < 0?
Task 2: 8 Marks
Assume an initial price S0 = $30 mean return equal to µ = rf = 3%p.a. and volatility of returns
σ = 25%p.a.
• What is the probability that the price in 250 days will be lower than S0?
• Given an exercise price of X = $35 what is the value of a standard European call option that
expires in 250 days (1 year)?
Task 3: 4 Marks
For this task you can start from the code you wrote to simulate prices in Task 2.
You need to change the code to simulate a price series for 250 days where the volatility evolves
according to the GARCH process:
starting from the current conditions today of ST = $10, rT = 0.002, σ2 T = 0.00025 and assuming
a mean return equal to µ = 12%p.a.
Within a rolling window framework, compare the accuracy of an EWMA forecast, and forecasts from
an AR model with 2 lags and an AR model with 4 lags.
You can use the Rolling fore.m as a starting point, this provides the rolling window code and
is discussed in slides 10-13 in the Forecasting Lecture. Forecasting using the AR model is discussed
slides 13-15.
Run the analysis on on data for the index and one of your individual stocks. Compare the
different models in each case (stock and index) by computing the mean of the squared forecast error for
each model.
Task 5: 5 Marks
Use the rolling window framework. Take the same three stocks that you used in Project 1. Use the
multivariate EWMA smoother to generate 1 day ahead forecasts of the covariance matrix and then
compute GMVP weights. Compare the performance of your portfolio (based on fore- casting the
covariance matrix) against an equally weighted portfolio.
Hints:
• Again start from Rolling fore.m for the rolling window framework
• Need to use the multivariate EWMA smoother to construct the covariance matrix for each
estimation window