What makes a (social) group?

◦ 4 things make a group

◦2 or more people
◦Interaction among
members
◦Members have
shared
expectations
◦Members must
share a common
identity
 Aggregate
◦ Same as a group, BUT
◦ Lack organization
◦ Do not plan
interaction

◦ Can be considered a
social category
◦ way of classifying
people according to
a shared trait or
status
Collective
◦ Temporary groups
◦ Clusters of people interacting with each
other but interactions are temporary or
short-lived.
◦ Composed of cluster of people who
share some kind of belief.
◦ Characterized by the unstructured
development of norms and
organizations which oppose the existing
norms and organization in a society.
Size of Groups

◦ Dyad
◦ 2 people who share power in group
◦ If 1 person leaves, group does not
exist anymore
◦ Triad
◦ 3 people who share power in group
◦ More definite than 2 person group
How big can a small group be?

◦Small enough
where each
individual can talk
to each other
face to face.

◦Big if they share

an identity
TYPES OF SOCIAL GROUPS

GEMEINSHAFT GESELLSCHAFT
◦ Close communal • organized
relationships/comm impersonal
unity relationships/
◦ Example: tribal society
groups , agricultural • Example:
and fishing villages urban-industrial
communities
◦Groups within Society: Primary
and Secondary.
Types of Social Groups
◦ Primary Groups
◦ Small groups who
interact over a long
period of time on a
direct and personal
basis
◦ Very intimate
◦ Very intense

◦ Examples
◦ Families
◦ Couples
 Types of Social Groups
◦Secondary Group
◦Interaction is impersonal
◦Interaction is temporary
◦Very casual
◦Individuals in group can
be replaced

◦Examples
◦Classrooms
◦Political party
 In-Groups and Out-Groups
◦In-groups
◦A group that a person identifies
with and is part of
◦In-groups separate themselves
by using symbols
◦Clothing
◦Language/slang
◦drawings
◦Out-group
◦A group that a person does not
identify with
 1.IN-GROUP

- a social group
to which an individual
feels he/she belongs

No part of this material may be copied or reproduced in whatever form without the express written permission of LPU-L.
 2.OUT-GROUP

- a social group
that an individual does
not identify with

No part of this material may be copied or reproduced in whatever form without the express written permission of LPU-L.
 REFERENCE
GROUPS

- a social group
to which an individual
compare him/herself

No part of this material may be copied or reproduced in whatever form without the express written permission of LPU-L.
 REFERENCE GROUPS
Is a social group that we are use
as a standard of comparison for
ourselves regardless of whether
or not we are part of that group.
 NETWORKS
- a theoretical
construct useful in
the social sciences to
study relationships
between individuals,
groups,
organizations, or
even the entire
societies
No part of this material may be copied or reproduced in whatever form without the express written permission of LPU-L.
 NETWORKS
A social network is a series or web
of weak social ties involving
people or groups of individuals
connected to each other, such as
through friendship, family,
business relationship, academic
institutions, religious
organizations and socio-political
clubs.