161 ERI t SHLOMEBMRIC OUT cr THE c/p-RATIO OF NORMALLY-CONSOLIDATED CLAYS By Toru SHIBATA and Shoichi TAGAWA Synopsis The ¢/p-ratios of various types of normally-consolidated clays are determined by the triaxial-vane, triaxial compression and unconfined compression tests. The results obtained by the Krconsolidatad trisxial-vane tests showed a good agreement with the Skempton Bjerrum conelation of increasing ¢/p-ratio with increasing PI, Fig. 3. However, the scattering of the test results on the isotropically-consolidated triaxial-vane, triaxial com. pression and unconfined compression tests are great, Figs, 4 and 7. The meanisig of c/p ratio calculated by using ¢ and the pore water pressure coefficient at failure Az, Ea. (2), are discussed, i a WETHER LCM RG LES LSB e, HAAN L CHIE, TOTES Lut EMMAMGT STRESS, TOL SBC, FERED p cat BUENA Th) 2 C, BMIE o/b ELML TIS, LD c/P HHICL TO MBE, PABA Lo CAI—-O BATONS © LCHS. Tied bRMR— VAMC LUE, RAHM PL be DIRE CP HEAR < MeO, SAWERAAMRIC LUTE OMIA ¢ HITE S Evoke Tho} tek ie Rai HiLicBry PI=30~80% OME, <—y LEWIN LS /P~PT RHR LTUSK STSETY Tek 0.3 BROMMRASH TH 525, ROE Lo TESTO CHS. COMTI o/f (fICBIF SRKOMRAR LEDS, EL UTA YRBNCES c/p (HAM BICL Cy PALOMA IAL L > SAODIC Ke VBE TTI Do CERRO

, Che LL LOW EMILE. & DRC OME LL ED PL LOGOS MIE LERBLEY, DST V8 2-0 SBOE WLIO, Bjerrum (ARLHS ¢/f & PI OW, Skempton ce Lo TREAT MULE —-BTS OL WAR. CO o/b & Pl OMMeSSpThwMd Fig. 1 HRTLITHY, Skempton-Bjerrum line £ LACUS, Voit 5 SER 5k, EON CERT SC La CR SOTA c/p HANA $FCHS. EOC Skempton } © tk Mobr OFM Lo, TESUEMH LOS MEERA el162, FAM RIERMMIZ B CB. 44. 3) B C/b MRR CHMENSCLEMLES ¢ _ [K+0-K)Arlsin se 1) Dp” 1F@ay=Dsin CEs ECD SRAE Cora) maz CATS AMEDRRO ARI, Az 3 (o1—os)maz BRONTE SKERR Ki A+ MERE NOK CHS. SHI Bishop? (LHAKMLT Jdkey De K= i-sing’ HMBSHSoLEMRMNCR SAIL, Chek (1) cftaAtSet, 6 Gesing’+Arsing) sing’ b 1+(@A;z=T) sin g” ESC LERL: Bjerrum & Simons® (AAV IS ET HE, LOOK (2) oS of & PL ORES, XK (2) AV CERNRBRIC L ¢/P~PI BYR: it Fig. 1 OFRBDCRENS. CLTMMOHS DIEKDIC, Bb akedis Skempton-Bjerrum line £, =RUESRUBHLO FUBNE PI<30% CRE Reo TS, Bjerrum? (22 OME LT, i) PI<30% O~— ABT TOMER So ii) SRAERERRBULALA RACAL o CBU HHEEMET 5 i Bone (ta CL SMLAMETCSSOCR LC, FRRROMBRHMILSLOTHD, K (2) OMAAELWE VD PERI, EO 3 AAT Te 040, 797 030} ey ae Se ae ow} & 0 10 2 30 40 50 60 70 PL % Fig. 1 Relationship between c/p and plasticity index PZ COMES < OBSRAIC 1 THY Bish Tis D, Skempton-Bjerrum line (29+ ¥ OMGHLHEEICD WTR RTS ES LAHBL TVS. L*+L Karlsson and Viberg? Liud, SILOM AYs —F Y OTR LORE — VR TIL, IL LA LORMAN Skempton-Bjerrum line £) LAT LOTS. SCAMMERS LCE LR, SR, TEA BESO SABES C/P ME PI OBB <2, BOM MEBCLAIE LATS, LOMBELT I) 1 SOMMER LONAOREEL Ic) Riele Ly ii) MABE Babies L kOLORMO Hi, RRIF. 3 N-YRBICES c/p ff 3.1 RACE CALERA Oflb% Table 1 ATES te OMBONACHS. RA RTA LOSK JET LATE CHICHD E LILO, BUAPMNBOABIER Y 7 ACGIH 0.5 kg/om? CHEREL RLDTHSE. CRSORHOD % No.1~No.3 (HBL, No.4 L No.5 i2SeGOHicb% BAC LI LOTHSE. EK NOG AAV VERY hI 4 be MBE TAMIRRALKLOTHS. RAR BE COMIC AAIMBIE LIVE, BLO KLOM ALE AWE LCS 74 CRB, 4h “CHE Lice Teel PLR OM LSU ERDIALS HUEMARA ico, C OMEN Table LOE Cte, ‘SREMEIZILEEE 6.05 cm CERIRBE 20cm#), HE 10cm CHP HIE C~Bem) IMS LIC MBLE —a-aint + FE: BB ec % Bhs Owe A 163 Table 1 Index properties LL% PI% Activity cm?/s 1 36.0 25.6 10.4 0.45 | 26x10 2 63.5 27.4 36.1 18.5 1.95 | 35x10 3 52.5 23.6 28.9 18.0 1.61 4 47.0 27.9 19.1 8.0 2.38 5 107.0 30.6 76.4 9.5 8.04 6 | 826 24.5 58.1 27.0 2.15 | 17x10 Dd, Shiv erect yb LID OSU CRT CHG » SH TIE CEM Tic 2 te RRL RE Ke ARMAS E LCS. HERICBRL CHR PBRERGUTETIC filter paper strips #3 EBOR- 9A + Abin ¥PRK Fie ote WOMERIET ECCT SAMIR No.6 LERE GH BORA MME CH of, Ke ERAN OMA ERE MU CRBCRIER 6 LICE WCDI K=ore/e ENERB - RKEBECN) CML, Ko BCS LOCO. ERE TE COMMA 5 ~13-C, LANL A ~19A CH ote, EMMETT Ly ~~ EAR SPRME CAL, REDIERAMEATCot. VOPR, WEA Dx Hj 8x16 mm OME SYR L, RAMOFO~—/TENGHMENE 10.8deg/min L Lic, te3s ¢/p (Mt, TEM LIBRE MENE CR RI OEKESEMTOT, MEEMBLOB ANTES RHC, SRE WIE DEKSRBIC ROT b+ THI CERNE CDSS LAMAT, ABT RICO, aE ANTAL RRROFHE Lich > ODA RBRE LCA RUE OMT I LT Ly SY RECN SI Bh A7 ORK M LHLDORA MMU LOX O Cadling ON-CEY - iFonS (Fig. 2 BHD. areca | YORE EME, ty L rw3 <7 ONL EF VR Loma mec, RASH), FASO, HMB) CdS. K (3) ROT, (LIT L OR AMMEN SLL treem=e pank itnt C4) M BADR, CHR VBL DY c MARES SBS TS LOTS. Fig. 2 Interpretation of stress 3.2 MRE condition in vane test Fig. 3 (2 Ke HEW<— 7itBeL D Re ice/p fie PLM LTA & y FLELOTHS, ROMANE BORE No.1, 2, 3, ORMRELS 7c JEMBIL, x AUIS No.4, 5, @ANIEH No.6 cH4TS. ORBWRL Skempton-Bjerrum line LHMTSL, 6/p (ORT ~ 2 GME CAE, MUOEL TINS ( SbdH OMAN SICA OHS, COMME LTE i) Skempton-Bjerrum line (RHE — VERRIER CRON OOCHS i>, (HED MILE ELA LAMOEE LATE SHED L, SHS — VRCRT SRM RBL LALA ULE BER LEGO CHEM, I WEIRD SdH, ii) Skempton-Bjerrum line €i¢ HUI HM Ats p HAA LIED BL oC SOL, SHA YOBSREBEN EAS, Tinh bE aR MRE S75164 ADEE TALTRIRAIZA B (1.44.3) 06 7 0 Amegasosi day ost © Sample Nol23 X Sompla Noa5 . O47 o sample Nos xeO © 10 20 30 40 60 60 70 80 90 100110 120, A re Fig. 3. Relationship between ¢/p and PI (Kyconsolidated vane-triaxial test) o7 06 bl ° 05 oe toe e &. 204} Sen. ot Sete Fos] 812 pO ER ng een ° Le ° 02 el on | & Tete one + 22 Wiotiol Comp. test © 10 20 3040 50 60 70 80 90 100110 120 Plo% Fig 4 Relationship between ¢/p and PI (isotropically- consolidated samples) ACHE TID, VodoidS diagenetic bond te LORIE Lo CAMIEREL CHR AR EMIEN EEE BRBRL ORE STEN HL tel BARS SHLD. Bie Fig. 4 (2SIIEMANICEL LC, HERR LS URI Lo TA BA o/p HL PI ODE RETF eo PLELO TCHS, OANRS— 7 BIC E Si, OHMS RIE RSEVEK SRC x BiH, ORIEL OX? 10 3/ALts SERIA MRIC LTH S, ChOKBATSLEHERO BAI ofp & PE ORCA TEBIR MTS LAND ED COC ERO EO Be MA TH 5. Beh, RHR CAL MIDRIRHIIE LAL 5K (2) AA CHML ES OTHD, CHIL SE cfd (At PL=40% 2 CRM L, THUBIELALTECHS. ECHR (2) HICMENS pik Bier rum & Simons ick p & PL OBR, Efe Jakey OMBRICE EH SHUTS HOE IIE BK (ar'/ay)maz ERT SEOCHS, Litto Gk (2) KN €/P DINE (0,'/0smaz EVEL TUBE LIS. ig AIS ey LAAMMELE Cor—as)mer EEL TSDC, HD MMM ho CELI KES glee MAME SIGMA CIE, RRO ARRICEME Lich hati bt Lee EC 1S BERD ML PL<10% OR ATIL (01—os)mer HEISE F ATS glee (k mex D 60% LIF CHSLVbATHZOT, WEALD IC ome 0-6p'mar ELC 6/P MEMATS EY GRITS SEIS. WOES A VIBIC ED c/P MAURO IE , ER-R OBIT DECI Tula, PL = 10~20% IHF SHLAA LUBE LCS. TL Fig. 3 Lice auL, gle CRETERBNO o/) (IX Ke MRIS ( BOT LSS 2EOKES HATS LAMB ML Hebe BE BPRON— YC, PLEA NE LOBES HSC LICE SOT, | UEEIEN PIM LTE Ke SoRIEL + he: Mc J NO ME IC OT 165, RECREA MTEL ORME IA Kop Lied, SHED ORTH c EASY MAD OLR ¢/b (A ZEEI AGRA HL LTO” ABONtK, JKT ROSIE LOLS, BRIS © EHEC 6, LAR) IIS CRS — VRIES SPEAR HIROTA, BERL FE BGC Lo CRBS, Uk KOT — A aM SC Lace, © Triexiol Vane test (10.8%min) 10 | © Tlaxial comptest (0.1%/min) ‘© Triaxlal Von, 40; ° Trlaxiol Comp. * 0507 10 2030 Oe kaon? Fig. 6 Relationship between water content at failure wy and ambient consolidation pres- Fig. 5 (x306} No.6 OVC i7E 2 tS FEER< — 7 RL SERB RE HR LE BOTH OT, EAWSIE cy LFERIED co OBUREML CIS, KIS Fig. 6 (LMBHRICT SBT ROSA wr AATHRTHS, MICE S LARBOMBAT ROSALES LUD bbt, <— 7 RIE HARRIES ey IK BTID Sls, LOM EL Ci IRS IS BEA REO EG BD, DEOLITBREBROHNSTHAS, thebd~ Vote, TESERMLOW A, FRA LT AWD L, TOK, <— VARA Hd YT — pmeRR LC am Lo onBN EMDERLILTS. old 5 SAMEMBUCE THE, COL 5 BUNT 4 7 — FEO DEM, ARAB B74 BAR No.6 (2 Table 1 GML SIC, MORBCHRT S b ERR ce DUDS OATHS By COLD IHATL, S~Y LER Rat o/p MICAS MD SdH © LORIE Fig. 30 ( ) CHALE L DI, S—YRET OD OMIT IT 4 LOCH), HRCA SOREN TIS. 4, —MEBRIACES c/p it AMOR OMEARD SHEVA SA, A AOMK CABO ALAA, AMIE EA BEL foley BELA tte, ERRATIC —HRBED ASE OME LRT}, LUN SHC) ol AME, GABAFVTS ATH. Li LMSC SMT, JPCRD MEM bY, 20 PME LMSC, LEESON RATE LCF my bTSL, HE DML D BLUSE, EOL + FB SUE OL TH BEC SAIC PC Te BACHE. Fig. 7 (20,3 UO —BEEIMBROD Lit c/f fie PII LT 7 ey PLEGOOPICH PURUERARLD DRIED ACU, ME DAMS EDI, 6/9 (HRIERNCI A —s-—166 AURORA B CB 44, 98) Oo 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 PI % Fig. 7 Relationship between c/p and PI (unconfined compression test) PICKOI2C35), OMG TRI. Litto CMAs TS ba ORR Cit, BAOMRE fe SRO WRB CE SRISURMLT, THD BHML LTO c/p (ER FSS WHCH BE DBRS. 5. ¢ + & EWC: SRNR MICH OFM LL, BC WASH HS, COTREEL TAR, WICKS ofp (MATRIC LT, DURA E IER L 9 Ke ERS VRE F cots, E TAPHEEDONO <— YPN, SOIC HE RRMIC LAkC. ELTA DHSS TH EBWTULOFOLS CHS. C1) RILEY BRAD Bits o/b HE PI Obst a: Lite Skempton-Bjerrum line it, Ko- FER OSRR<— 7 RWRE GIRIE RL, Pic bX YOM LS o/P HAUT MERLE A < WSCLWAL, MEL Skempton-Bjerrum Or SHES ¢/p MICHATS &, KNEE HATKE., AMIEL THE SodNoMMMADHT. (2) KeABOS- VICES 6/P fC, BANC Ko CE NICE HONS LOMS oI. (MOR AE OME ARILE ERE Co SUC ECHSH, HDA co (PARLOR DRL TS a BORA CHS. EKCORAIL, SHRM AL SRE b ASI MHASH Cs bo (3) SAEB LINO c/p (iit, <— 7, SAREE L bic PL ICM LCS SAMIR Wr, ULA ¢/P (HTL OMBUCBNR I ACH S LIL LICR S Ls, Efe SARL aE Lis ¢/b HE PI CBU GR C2) MEL GVATH A, LOUMABEBNL CAS L, AAG TROWBMR o AE p'mas MEBUTOSOC, LO /P EAMG BAD tmaz KIMGELIS EKER LIM. ones D c/P % tmas MOMICICB TE, Bir L-CHRMZOSIEF TS c Ltt> pote (4) DREGHN Tbh E51, REED o/p fitted SKI, L508 OMEAE BELO CHRO ARI MIEED 3. FRILBE b << — te E ORR ABC L 2 Th EBbNS.el + B= Etc 6 Abana MARC OT 167 es # tm 1) Skempton, A.W.: Vane tests in the alluvial plane of the river for the near Grangemouth, Géotechnique, Vol. 1, 1948, pp. 111-45. 2) Skempton, A.W. and D.J. Henkel: The postglacial clays of the Thames estuary at Tilbury and Shellhaven, Proc. 3rd. Int, Conf. on S.M.F.E., Vol. 1, 1953, pp. 302-308. 3) Bjerrum, L.: Géotechnical properties of Norwegian marine clays, Géotechnique, Vol.4, 1954, pp. 49-69. 4) Skempton, A.W.: and A.W, Bishop: Building materials, their elasticity and inelasticity, Chapt. 10, New York, Interscience Publishers, 1954 1op, A.W.+ Test requirements for measuring the coefficient of earth pressure at rest, 5) Proc, Brussel Conf, 58, on earth pressure problems. 1, 1958, pp.2—M4. 6) Bjerrum, L. and N.E, Simons: Comparison of shear strength characteristics of normally consolidated clays, Proc, Research Conf. on shear strength of cohesive soils, A.S.C.E., 1960, pp.711—725. 7) Bjerrum, L.: The effective shear strength parameters of sensitive clays, Proc. 5th. Int. Conf. on S.M.F.E., Vol-1, 1961, pp.23—28. 8) Karlsson, R. and L. Viberg: Ratio ¢/p’ in relation to liquid and plasticity index with special reference to Swedish clays, Proc. 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