As the world advances into a more modernized living, the demands for an economically and

environmentally friendly source of cooking fuel increases (Akpalu et al, 2011​). ​With the lack of such,
people are subjected to use cooking fuels that are costly and ecologically damaging such as Liquefied
Petroleum Gas (LPG) and commercially sold charcoal (citation). State problem of lpg and charcoal such
as lpg is non renewable chu chu and the production of commercially sold charcoal has a large carbon
foot print

The Philippines is a developing country and is home to 92.3 million residents, 45.3%, 41.9 million, of
which are living at areas classified as urban and 54.7 %, 50.5 million, are in rural places, Philippine
Statistics Authority (2010). Considering that the population of residents in rural places is exceptionally
higher than that of urban places, the numbers of people who use solid biomass such as wood, crops and
charcoal as means for cooking is higher as well (Smith and Peele 2010). About 15.1% of the population
use charcoal as main cooking fuel, 44.8% use wood, 0.7 on agricultural crops, and 36.1% on Liquefied
Petroleum Gas (LPG), Trading Economics (2018). The country is agriculturally rich and therefore is
abundant of biomass energy resources, most of which from common agricultural wastes such as rice
husk, rice straw, coconut husk, coconut shell and bagasse (Zafar, 2019). With the availability of bio
resources, the utilization of these waste into refined products for innovative and efficient use becomes
possible (Eionet, 2019).

The city of Mati is regarded as the “coconut city” because of its coconut plantations, reaching as far as
26, 386 hectares, one of the biggest in the Philippines (Perez, 2012). These agro-based industries
becomes one of the primary source of agricultural wastes (Department of Energy, 2010). Copra
warehouses situated in roads of barangay mayo explicitly displays discarded charcoal cinders out from
the production of charcoal. These wastes are out from the process refining of the production of charcoal
commonly through the process of pyrolysis

Akpalu, W., Dasmani, I. & Aglobitse, P. (2011). Demand for cooking fuels in a developing country: To
what extent do taste and preferences matter?. ​Energy Policy. 39.​ Doi: 10.1016/j.enpol.2011.07.054.

Asumadu-Sarkodie, S., & Owusu, P. A. (2016a). Feasibility of biomass heating system in Middle
East Technical University, Northern Cyprus campus. ​Cogent Engineering,​ ​3​.
doi:10.1080/23311916.2015.1134304

oecd.org/greengrowth/greening-energy/49157219.pdf

IEA (2011a), World Energy Outlook 2011 (WEO-2011), OECD Publishing, doi: 10.1787/weo-2011- en