CHAPTER 2 PROOFS

2.1 Statements

Exercises

A. State the hypothesis and conclusion in each of these items.

1. If the temperature reaches 212°F, then water boils.

2. If today is Saturday, then tomorrow is Monday.

3. 2x = 6 implies that x = 3.

4. The project will push through if the delivery is made tomorrow.

5. x > y only if x – y > 0.

6. ∠ QRT ≅ ∠TRU if ⃗
RT bisects ∠ QRU .

7. If line k and line m contain point P, then lines k and m

intersect at P.

8. a > b only if ac > bc and c > 0.

9. If A, B and C are noncollinear, then A, B and C are coplanar.

10. B is between A and C if AB + BC = AC.

Given the hypothesis and conclusion, write the conditional in if-

then form.

11. Hypothesis: The computer acquires virus.

Conclusion: The computer will lose data.

12. Hypothesis: The demand for a product increases.

Conclusion: The price of the product increases.

13. Hypothesis: A baby is hungry

Conclusion: He cries.

55
14. Hypothesis: A number ends in 0.

Conclusion: The number is divisible by 5.

15. Hypothesis: A number is a perfect square.

Conclusion: The number doesn’t end in 2, 3, 7 and 8.

Write the negation of the following statements.

16. Ferdinand Magellan is a Filipino.

17. 2 + 3 = 6

18. The sum of two even numbers is even.

19. |−3|=3

20. 6 is a perfect number.

B. Rewrite each pair of conditionals as a biconditional.

1. If |x|=3, then x = -3 or 3.

If x = - 3 or 3, then |x|=3.

2. If plane M bisects AC
´ at P, then AP ´ .
´ ≅ CP

If AP ´ , then plane M bisects AC

´ ≅ CP ´ at P.

56
3. If ray BC bisects angle RBD, then the measures of angles RBC and

BCD are equal.

If the measures of angles RBC and BCD are equal, then ray BC

bisects angle RBD.

4. If a number is divisible by 9, the sum of its digits is divisible

by 9 also.

If the sum of the digits of a number is divisible by 9, then the

number is also divisible by 9.

5. If x 2=−2, then x is an imaginary number.

If x is an imaginary number, then x 2=−2.

Write each biconditional as two conditionals that are converses of

each other.

6. Two angles are congruent if and only if they equal measures.

7. An animal is a vertebrate iff it has a backbone.

57
8. A polygon is a triangle iff it has three sides.

9. A professional is a doctor iff he has earned a degree in

medicine.

10. R is in the interior of ∠ POF iff m∠ POR +m∠ ROF=m∠ POF .

Provide a counterexample to show that each statement is false.

11. If ⃗
AB contains C, then ⃗
BA also contains C.

12. If xy > y , then x >1.

13. IF x 2> y 2, then x > y .

14. If x 2=3 x , then x=3.

58
15. All birds can fly.

Determine the truth value of each statement. Write its

corresponding converse and determine also its truth value.

´ , then AX=CX .
16. If X is the midpoint of AC

17. If x 2> x, then x >1.

18. If c ( a+b )=c , then a+ b=1.

19. 123´ ab is divisible by 9, then a+ b=3 .

20. If M + N is divisible by 3, then both M and N are divisible by

3.

59
C. Give the inverse and contrapositive of the following

conditionals.

1. If x + 3 = 5, then x = 2.

2. If x > 0, then x 2> 0.

3. If today is not Wednesday, then tomorrow is not Thursday.

4. If m∠ ABC =30° , then ∠ ABC is not an obtuse angle.

5. If the measure of angle DEF is not greater than 90 degrees, then

angle DEF is an acute angle.

Determine if the following pairs of statements are logically

equivalent.

60
6. If an angle is a right angle, then its measure is 90 degrees.

If an angle doesn’t measure 90 degrees, then it is not a right

angle.

7. If two angles are vertical, then they are not adjacent.

If two angles are not vertical, they there are adjacent.

8. If two rays form an angle, then they share a common endpoint.

If two rays don’t form an angle, then they share a common

endpoint.

9. If two angles are adjacent, then they don’t share common interior

points.

If two angles share common interior points, then they are not

adjacent.

10. If m∠ F=38 ° and m∠ H =38 °, then ∠ F ≅ ∠ H .

If ∠ F ≇ ∠ H , then m∠ F=38 ° and m∠ H =38 °.

Determine the truth value of each of the following compound

statements if p is true and q is false.

11. ( p →q ) →( q → p)

61
12. ( p →q ) → q

13. ( p → q)→ p

14. ( q → p ) →( p → q)

15. ( q → p ) →( p → q)

D. Truthtellers and Liars

a. One summer solstice, while searching for long gone Southern

Shortcut, Oliver Seeker, that superman of seafarers, was shipwrecked

during a sudden severe storm. Fortunately, Oliver sighted a small

island in the distance and succeeded in swimming ashore. Exhausted,

he slipped into a sound sleep.

When he woke up, he discovered two identical trolls whom were

both able to speak English standing over him.

“Where am I?” he inquired.

“The Isle of Lost,” replied the first troll.

“The Isle of Found,” replied the second.

“And what are your names?” asked Oliver.

“I am Ost and he is Und,” responded the first.

“No, I am Ost and he is Und,” answered the second.

Just then a third troll appeared. Hoping to shed some light on

the matter, Oliver pointed to the two and asked, “Which of them can

I believe?”

62
 “He and I belong to the same clan,” replied the third troll,

pointing to the first.

“That’s true; they do belong to the same clan,” said the second

troll.

Who is telling the truth and what was the name of the island?

b. Oliver lived on the island for six years, but during all that

time he never learned how to visually tell the difference between

members of the two clans.

One day Silas met two trolls. The first claimed that they

belonged to different clans; whereas the second proclaimed that the

first was a liar.

To which clan did each of the two belong?

2.2 Writing a Proof

Exercises

A. Justify the following statements.

1. AB
´ ≅ AB
´

63
2. AK+ KM = AK + KM

3. If 2=x + y , then x + y=2.

4. If 12+ LX=LM + LX , then LM + LX=12+ LX

5. 2 ( x−2 y )=2 x −4 y

6. If 3 x+ 2 ( x− y ) =4 , then 3 x+ 2 x−2 y=4 .

7. If AB= AB and LK + AB=XY + AB, then LK= XY .

8. If x +4=8 , then x=4.

9. If 2 a−3 b=12−3 b, then 2 a=12.

10. If 2 a=12, then a=6.

1
11. If LC=FB, then LC=3 FB.
3

12. If a+ b=5 and b=2, then a+ 2=5.

13. If 2 CD−3 JK =8 and 2 CD=5 JK , then 5 JK −3 JK =8.

14. If x +5= y and y=2, then x +5=2.

64
15. If GH + 2 JK=RG +TY and RG+ TY =3 JK , then GH + 2 JK=3 JK .

Complete the following statements.

16. If C is the midpoint of ´ ,

FG then, by the definition of

midpoint, ________________.

17. If ´ ,
´ ≅ MO
JK then, by the definition of congruent segments,

________________.

18. If 3 ( x+ y )+ 2=6, then, by Distributive Property, ________________.

19. If 3 ( x+ y )+ 2=6, then, by Subtraction Property of Equality,

________________.

20. If 3 x+ 2 y +5=2 a and a=3 x+ 2 y , then, by Substitution Property,

________________.

B. Justify each step.

1. 2x – 3 = 5 ___________
2x = 8 ___________
x = 4 ___________

2. 2(a+3) = 12 ___________
2a + 6 = 12 ___________
2a = 6 ___________
a = 3 ___________

1
3. (2a+5) = 5 ___________
3
2a+5 = 15 ___________
2a = 10 ___________
a = 5 ___________

4 x +3
4. = 8 __________
4
4x + 3 = 8 ___________
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 4x = 5 ___________
x = 5/4 ___________

3
5. (3x – 5) – 12 = 8 ____________
2
3
(3x – 5) = 20 ____________
2
3(3x – 5) = 40 ____________
9x – 15 = 40 ____________
9x = 55 ____________
x = 55/9 ____________

Complete each proof by supplying missing reasons and statements.

6.

Given: m∠1+ m∠ 2+m∠3=180 °;

m∠3+ m∠ 4=180 °

Prove: m∠ 1+ m∠ 2=m ∠4

Proof:

Statements Reasons

1. m∠1+ m∠ 2+m∠3=180 °; 1. ______________________

m∠3+ m∠ 4=180 °
2. m∠1+ m∠ 2+m∠3=m∠3+ m∠4 2. ______________________
3. ______________________
3. m∠ 3=m ∠ 3
4. ______________________
4. m∠ 1+ m∠ 2=m ∠4
7.

Given: JL
´ ≅ KM
´

Prove: JK
´ ≅ LM
´

Proof:

Statements Reasons

1. ´ ≅ KM
JL ´ 1. Given
2. JL = KM 2. ____________________
3. JL = JK + KL; KM = KL + LM 3. ____________________
4. JK + KL = KL + LM 4. ____________________
5. KL = ___
6. JK = LM 5. Reflexive Property

66
7. ____________________ 6. ____________________
7. ____________________
8.

UI bisects ∠ BUZ ; ⃗
Given: ⃗ UZ bisects ∠ IUA

Prove: ∠ BUZ ≅ ∠ IUA

Proof:

Statements Reasons

1. UI bisects ∠ BUZ ;
⃗ 1. ______________________
UZ bisects ∠ IUA
⃗
2. ______________________
2. m∠1=m∠ 2; m∠2=m∠ 3
3. ______________________
3. m∠ 1=m∠3 4. ______________________
4. m∠ BUZ =m∠ 2+m∠ 1;
m∠ IUA=m ∠2+ m∠ 3
5. m∠ IUA=m ∠2+ m∠ 1 5. ______________________
6. m∠ BUZ =m∠ IUA 6. ______________________
7. ______________________ 7. ______________________

9.

Given: B is the midpoint of KP

´ ;

C is the midpoint of AN
´ ;

KB=CN

Prove: KP = AN

Proof:

Statements Reasons

1. B is the midpoint of ´ ;
KP 1. ______________________
´ ;
C is the midpoint of AN
2. Definition of Midpoint
2. BP = ____; CN = _____
3. ______________________
3. KP = KB + BP; AN = __________
4. ______________________
4. KP = KB + KB; AN = CN + CN
5. Addition
5. KP = 2KB: AN = __________
6. ______________________
6. AN = 2KB
7. ______________________
7. KP = AN
10.

3
Given: MA = 3AN; KJ = FJ; AN = FK
4

Prove: MN = FJ
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Proof:

Statements Reasons

1. MN = MA + AN 1. ______________________
2. MA = 3AN 2. ______________________
3. MN = 3AN + AN 3. ______________________
4. MN = 4AN 4. ______________________
5. AN = FK 5. ______________________
6. MN = 4FK 6. ______________________
7. FJ = FK +KJ 7. ______________________
3 8. ______________________
8. KJ = FJ
4
9. ______________________
3
9. FJ = FK + FJ 10. _____________________
4 11. _____________________
1 12. _____________________
10. FJ = FK
4 13. _____________________
1
11. FK = FJ
4
12. 4FK = FJ
13. MN = FJ
C. Prove the following.

1. Given: CA = OA; CU = OT

Prove: UA = TA

2. Given: CN
´ ≅ ON
´ ; NT
´ ≅ NU
´

Prove: CT
´ ≅ OU
´

3. Given: m∠ 1=m∠3 ;

m∠2=m∠ 4

Prove: m∠OCA =m∠ COA

4. The sum of odd and even numbers is odd.

5. Prove:

Theorem 2.2.1 Right Angle Theorem

Right angles are congruent.

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D. Check for the errors of the following proof. Explain.

π+3
Let x=
2

So,

2 x=π+ 3
2 x ( π−3 )=( π+ 3 ) (π−3)
2 πx−6 x =π 2−9
9−6 x=π 2−2 πx
9−6 x+ x2=π 2 −2 πx + x 2
( 3−x )2 =( π −x )2
3−x=π −x
3=π
π=3

2.3 Proving theorems about segments, angles and perpendicular lines

Exercises

A. Determine the definition, postulate or theorem that justifies the

each of the following statements. Refer to the provided figure.

69
1. AK + KS = AS

2. If K is the midpoint of ÁS, then AK ´ or AK = KS.

´ ≅ KS

1
3. If K is the midpoint of ÁS, then AK= AS.
2

4. If K is the midpoint of ÁS, then KC

´ bisects ÁS.

5. m∠CKN +m∠ NKS=m∠CKS

KC bisects ∠ NKA , then ∠ AKC ≅∠CKN .

6. If ⃗

1
KC bisects ∠ NKA , then m∠ AKC= m ∠ NKA.
7. If ⃗
2

KC bisects ÁS, then K is the midpoint of ÁS.

8. If ⃗

9. If m∠ 1+ m∠ 2=90 , then ∠ 1 and ∠ 2 are complementary angles.

10. If m∠3+ m∠ 4=180 , then ∠ 3 and ∠ 4 are supplementary angles.

11. If ∠ 1 and ∠ 2 are complementary, then m∠1+ m∠2=90 .

12. If ∠ 3 and ∠ 4 are supplementary, then m∠3+ m∠ 4=180 .

70
13. If ∠ 1 is the complement of ∠ 5 and ∠ 2 is also the complement of

∠ 5, then ∠ 1 ≅ ∠2.

14. The complements of ∠ 1 and ∠ 2 are congruent, if ∠ 1 ≅ ∠2.

15. If ∠ 1 is the supplement of ∠ NKA and ∠ 2 is also the supplement

of ∠ NKA , then ∠ 1 ≅ ∠ 2.

16. The supplements of ∠ 1 and ∠ 2 are congruent, if ∠ 1 ≅ ∠2.

17. ∠ 2 and ∠ CKS is a linear pair.

18. If ∠2 and ∠ CKS is a linear pair, then ∠2 and ∠ CKS are

supplementary.

19. ∠ 5 and ∠ 6 are vertical angles.

20. ∠ 5 ≅ ∠ 6.

21. If CK ´ , then ∠ 4 is a right angle.

´ ⊥ NO

22. If CK ´ , then m∠2+ m∠ 6=90.

´ ⊥ NO

23. If ∠ 3 is a right angle, then AC ´ .

´ ⊥ CK

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24. If CK ´ , then ∠ CKO ≅ ∠CKN .
´ ⊥ NO

25. If ∠ CKO ≅ ∠4 , then CK ´ .

´ ⊥ NO

Determine the truth value of the following statements.

___________26. If m∠1=23 , m∠ 2=45 and m∠ 3=22, then ∠ 1 ,∠ 2∧∠ 3 are

complementary angles.

____________27. If two angles are congruent, then they are vertical

angles.

____________28. If two adjacent angles are congruent, then these

angles are formed by perpendicular lines.

____________29. If the sum of the measures of three angles is 180

degrees, then the angles are supplementary.

____________30. If two angles are adjacent and supplementary, then

the angles form a linear pair.

B. Answer the following.

1. Complete the following statements. Use the provided figure.

´ .
A is the midpoint of BG

a. If BG = 12cm, then BA = ______.

b. If AG = 8.25in, then BA = ______.

c. If AG = 3.5cm, then BG = ______.

d. If BG = 4x, then AG = ______.

e. If the coordinates of B and G are -2 and 4, respectively, then BG

= ______ and BA = ______.

72
f. If the coordinates of A and G are 12 and 20, respectively, then

BG = ______.

g. If BA = 2x + 3 and BG = 6x + 2, then x = _____ and AG = ____.

h. If BG = 3a + 6 and AG = 4a – 0.75, then a = ______ and BA =

_____.

i. If M is the midpoint of segment BA and AG = 14, then MG = _____.

j. If P is the midpoint of segment AG and BG = 20, then PA = _____.

2. Complete the following statements.

YC bisects ∠ AYK .
⃗

a. If m∠ AYK =60 ° , then m∠2=¿_______.

b. If m∠3=23, then m∠ KYA = _______.

YA bisects ∠ JYK and m∠ AYJ =67, then m∠ AYK = _______.

c. If ⃗

YA bisects ∠ JYK and m∠ JYK=125 , then m∠ AYJ = _______.

d. If ⃗

YA bisects ∠ JYK and m∠ 2=34 , then m∠ 1 = _______.

e. If ⃗

YA bisects ∠ JYK
f. If ⃗ and m∠ 3=14.8, then m∠ JYK = _______.

YA bisects ∠ JYK and m∠ JYK=160 , then m∠2 = _______.

g. If ⃗

YA bisects ∠ JYK and m∠ JYK=132.5 , then m∠ 3 = _______.

h. If ⃗

YA bisects ∠ JYK and m∠1+ m∠3=84, then m∠ JYK = _______.

i. If ⃗

YA bisects ∠ JYK and m∠ JYC=99, then m∠ 3 = _______.

j. If ⃗

3. Complete the table below by providing the complement and the

supplement of the given angle.

Measure of Measure of the Measure of the

the angle complement of the supplement of the

73
 angle angle
a. 23
b. 12.5
c. 124
d. x
e. 12+x
4. Based on the figures below, answer the following.

__________a. Which is the complement of ∠ ABC ?

__________b. Which is the supplement of ∠ SRQ?

__________c. Which is the supplement of ∠≝¿?

__________d. Which is the supplement of the complement of ∠ OPN ?

__________e. Which is the complement of the supplement of ∠≝¿?

5. ∠ ABC and ∠ CBD are linear pair. Determine the truth value of the

following statements.

_________a. The two angles are adjacent.

BA and ⃗
_________b. ⃗ BD are opposite rays.

_________c. The two angles are congruent.

BC .
_________d. The common side of the two angles is ⃗

__________e. If the measure of the first angle is x degrees, then

the measure of the other should be (180-x) degrees.

6. ∠ ABC and ∠ CBD are linear pair. Complete the following

statements.

a. If m∠ ABC =12, then m∠CBD=¿ ________.

b. If m∠ ABC =123, then m∠CBD=¿ ________.

74
c. If m∠ CBD=x +10, then m∠ ABC =¿ ________.

d. If the two angles are congruent, then measure of each angle is

_______.

e. The two non-common sides of ∠ ABC and ∠ CBD are __________ rays.

7. Use the figure at the right to answer the following.

a. How many pairs of vertical angles were formed by the intersection

of lines k and m?

b. Which of the angles is congruent to ∠ 2?

c. If the measure of ∠ 1 is 120 degrees, what is the measure of ∠ 3?

Of ∠ 4 ?

d. If the measure of ∠ 4 is 80 degrees, what is the measure of ∠ 2?

Of ∠ 3?

e. What is the sum of the measures of ∠ 1 and ∠ 4 ? Of ∠ 3 and ∠ 2?

Of ∠ 1 ,∠2 , ∠ 3 and ∠ 4 ?

8. BC ´ . Answer the following.

´ ⊥ AK

75
a. What is the measure of ∠2?

b. Is it also true that BC ´ ?

´ ⊥ AK

c. If m∠ 4=2 x + 40, then what is the value of 4x + 80?

d. If m∠ 1=4 x +50, then what is the value of 4x + 70?

e. If m∠ 3=3 x+ 33, then what is the value of x?

9. Name pairs of perpendicular lines.

10. lines p, m, k and n are concurrent. p ⊥ k and m⊥ n . Answer the

following.

a. If m∠1=25, then m∠ 6 = ______.

b. If m∠ 8=63 , then m∠ 4 = ______.

c. If m∠ 6=32, then m∠ 3 = ______.

76
d. If m∠ 3=15, then m∠ 7 = ______.

e. If m∠ 8+m∠ 2=130, then m∠ 1 = ______.

C. Answer the following.

1. X is the midpoint of segment CD. The coordinates of X and D are a

and b, respectively. If a<b, what is the coordinate of C?

2. E is the midpoint of segment HK. The coordinates of E and K are

(a+b) and (2a+3b), where a and b are both positive, respectively.

What is the coordinate of H?

3. Complete the proof below.

Given: X is the midpoint of AB

´ ;

Y is the midpoint of CD
´

AB = CD

Prove: AX = CY

Proof:

Statements Reasons
1. X is the midpoint of AB
´ ; 1. _____________________
Y is the midpoint of CD
´
1 1
2. AX = AB; CY = CD 2. _____________________
2 2
3. AB = CD 3. _____________________
4. _____________________

77
 1 5. _____________________
4. CY = AB
2
5. AX = CY
4. Supply the reasons for the following proof.

Given: ⃗
PB bisects ∠ APC ; ⃗
PD bisects ∠ CPE ;

m∠2=m∠ 3

1
Prove: m∠1= m∠CPE
2

Proof:

Statements Reasons
PB bisects ∠ APC ;
1. ⃗ 1. ____________________________
2. m∠1=m∠ 2 2. ____________________________
3. m∠2=m∠ 3 3. ____________________________
4. m∠ 1=m∠3
PD bisects ∠ CPE
5. ⃗ 4. ____________________________
1 5. ____________________________
6. m∠3= m∠CPE
2
6. ____________________________
1
7. m∠1= m∠CPE
2 7. ____________________________
EC bisects ∠ AEH . Find m∠ 1 , m∠ 2 and m∠ AEH , if…
5. ⃗

a. m∠ 1=x+ 40 and m∠ AEH =4 x+ 60.

b. m∠ 2=3 x+20 and m∠ AEH =9 x−5.

c. m∠1=4 x −7 and m∠2=7 x−44.5 .

78
d. the measure of ∠ AEH is one-half the sum of three times the

measure of ∠ 2 and 38degrees.

e. the measure of ∠ AEH is 87degrees less than three-halves the sum

of seven-fourths of the measure of ∠ 1 and 35.5degrees.

6. ∠ 1 and ∠ 2 are complements of each other. Find the measure of

each angle if…

a. the measures of ∠ 1 and ∠ 2 are equal.

b. m∠1=10 x+18 and m∠ 2=5 x+27 .

c. m∠ 1=5 x and m∠2=3 x−12.4

d. the measure of angle 1 is three times the measure of angle 2.

e. the measure of angle 1 is 12degrees more than half seven times

the measure of angle 2.

79
7. ∠ 1 and ∠ 2 are supplements of each other. Find the measure of

each angle if…

a. the measures of the angles are equal.

b. m∠ 1=3 x−18 and m∠=8 x +55.

c. m∠1=5 x+23 and m∠2=10 x−20.

d. the measure of angle 1 is 40degrees less than three times the

measure of angle 2.

e. the measure of angle 1 is one-half the difference of the measure

of angle 2 and the measure of angle 1 when subtracted by 12degrees.

8. Find the measure of the angle if…

a. the supplement of the angle is ten degrees less than three times

its complement.

80
b. the complement of the angle is half then supplement when

subtracted by 15degrees.

c. four degrees more than twice the complement of the angle is equal

to the supplement of the angle subtracted by the complement of the

angle.

9. Find the measure of the angle if…

a. the supplement of the complement of the angle is 72degrees more

than the supplement of the original angle.

b. 18 degrees less than five times the measure of the angle is the

same as the measure of the supplement of the complement of the

angle.

81
10. Use the provided figure to answer the following. E is the

intersection of the two lines.

a. If m∠ AED=2 x+30 and m∠CEB=x + 40, find the measures of ∠ AED and

∠ AEC.

b. If m∠ AEC =5 x +30 and m∠ DEB=x +40 , find the measures of ∠ AED and

∠ DEB.

c. If m∠ AEC =2 x +98 and m∠CEB=4 x +19, find the measures of ∠ AED and

∠ DEB.

d. If m∠ AED=5 x and m∠ DEB=3 x +32.8, find the measures of ∠ AEC and

∠ BEC.

82
e. AB⊥
´ EX bisects ∠ AEC , what is the measure of ∠ AEX ?
´ . If ⃗
CD

D. Prove the following.

Suppose n is a natural number with two or more digits; then the

product of the digits is less than n .

CHAPTER TEST

Choose the best answer from the given options.

83
_____1. Which of the following is the hypothesis of the conditional

“The intersection of two lines is a point.”?

a. The two lines intersect.

b. The intersection of two lines is a point.

c. The point.

d. The intersection of two lines is not a point.

_____2. Which of the following is the conclusion of the conditional

“The intersection of two lines is a point.”?

a. The two lines intersect.

b. The intersection of two lines is a point.

c. The point.

d. The intersection of two lines is not a point.

_____3. All of the following is the negation of the statement “3 ≥5 ”

EXCEPT …

a. 3 is less than 5

b. 3 is at most 5

c. 3 ≱ 5

d. 3<5

_____4. Which of the following statements is true?

a. If x 2=4 , then x=2.

b. If x 2=−4, then x is an imaginary number.

c. If x is an imaginary number, then x 2=−4.

d. If |x|=2009, then x=2009.

_____5. Conditional statement: “If two angles are congruent, then

they have equal measures.”

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 Which of the following is the inverse of this statement?

a. If two angles have equal measures, then they are congruent.

b. If two angles don’t have equal measures, then they are not

congruent.

c. If two angles are congruent, then their measures are not equal.

d. If two angles are not congruent, then their measures are not

equal.

_____6. Which of the following conditionals is not true?

a. If 3> 4, then 2>3.

b. If February 14 is Valentine’s Day, then December 25 is Christmas

Day.

c. If Jose Rizal is the writer of “Uncle Sam’s Cabin,” then Andres

Bonifacio is the leader of Katipunan.

d. If SWINE FLU is a contagious disease, then DENGUE is not deadly.

_____7. Which of the following is logically equivalent to the

statement “If the sum of the digits of N is divisible by 9, then N

is divisible by 3.”?

a. If N is divisible by 3, then the sum of its digits is divisible

by 9.

b. If the sum of the digits of N is not divisible by 9, then N is

not divisible by 3.

c. If N is not divisible by 3, then the sum of its digits is not

divisible by 9.

d. If the sum of the digits of N is divisible by 9, then N is

divisible by 9.

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_____8. If p statement is true and q statement is false, which of

the following is not true?

a. p → q b. p→ q c. p →q d. p →q

_____9. Which of the following justifies the conclusion of the

conditional “If 2 x+3 y =5 and y=2, then 2 x+3 ( 2 ) =5.”?

a. Transitive Property

b. Substitution Property

c. Reflexive Property

d. Distributive Property

_____10. “If m∠ F=34 ° and m∠G=34 ° , then ∠ F ≅ ∠ G ”. Which of the

following justifies this conclusion?

a. Definition of Congruent Angles

b. Angle Bisector Theorem

c. Definition of Angle Bisector

d. none of these

_____11. Justify the conclusion of the statement: “If ⃗

GH bisects

∠ AGB, then m∠ AGH =m∠ HGB.”

a. Definition of Congruent Angles

b. Angle Bisector Theorem

c. Definition of Angle Bisector

d. none of these

_____12. M is the midpoint of CD

´ , then by Midpoint Theorem,

a. CM
´ ≅ MD
´

b. CM =MD

1
c. CM = CD
2
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d. 2 CD=4 CM

_____13. Which of the following is being justified by the statement

“The complements of congruent angles are congruent.”?

a. If m∠ B+m ∠ C=90 ° and m∠ D+ m∠C=90 ° , then ∠ B ≅ ∠ D.

b. If m∠ B+m ∠ C=180° and m∠ D+ m∠ C=180 °, then ∠ B ≅ ∠ D.

c. If m∠ B+m ∠ C=90 °, m∠ D+ m∠ E=90 ° and ∠ C ≅∠ E , then ∠ B ≅ ∠ D.

d. If m∠ B+m ∠ C=180° , m∠ D+ m∠ E=180° and ∠ C ≅∠ E , then ∠ B ≅ ∠ D.

_____14. Two lines intersect to form four pairs of adjacent angles.

∠ 1 is adjacent to ∠ 2, ∠ 2 is adjacent to ∠ 3, ∠ 3 is adjacent to ∠ 4,

∠ 4 is adjacent to ∠ 1. If m∠ 1=40 ° and m∠ 3=( 2 x+18 ) ° , find the value

of x .

a. 40 b. 22 c. 20 d. 11

_____15. ∠ 1 and ∠ 2 are a linear pair. If m∠1=2 a+30 and m∠2=3 a+10,

find m∠ 2 .

a. 28 b. 94 c. 84 d. 86

_____17. Which of the following is true?

a. If angles are adjacent and congruent, then the angles are formed

by perpendicular lines.

b. If angles are adjacent and supplementary, then the angles are a

linear pair.

c. If two angles are congruent, then they are vertical angles.

d. If two angles are complementary, then they are congruent.

_____18. The non-common sides of adjacent angles are perpendicular.

If one of the angles measures48 ° , what is the measure of the other

angle?

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a. 42 ° b. 45 ° c. 48 ° d. 51 °

_____19. ∠ ABC and ∠ CBD are adjacent. If the sum of these two

angles is 90 ° , then which of the following is not true?

a. ∠ ABD is a right angle

b. AB⊥
´ ´
BD

c. ∠ ABC and ∠ CBD are non-coplanar and complementary

d. ∠ ABC and ∠ CBD are complementary

_____20. If n is any natural number, which of the following is

always odd?

a. n2 −4 b. 3 n+7 n 2+ 4 c. n2 +5 n+1 d. n3 +2 n+1

_____21. ∠ 1 is the supplement of ∠ 2. If the m∠ 1 is thrice the

measure of ∠ 2, what is the measure of ∠ 2?

a. 45degrees b. 60degrees c. 90degrees d.120degrees

_____22. ∠ 1 is the complement of ∠ 2. Ten degrees less than the

measure of ∠ 2 is twice the measure of ∠ 1 when increased by 10

degrees. What is the measure of ∠ 1?

1
a. 23 ° b. 20 ° c. 18 ° d. 70 °
3

_____23. Two angles are congruent. If these angles are a linear

pair, then which of the following is not true?

a. the measure of each angle is 90 degrees

b. the angles were formed by perpendicular lines

c. the angles are adjacent and supplementary

d. the measure of each angle is 90degrees but not adjacent

_____24. Which of the following is a possible ones digit of a

perfect square number?

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a. 2 b. 3 c. 6 d. 8

_____25. Remember the Truthtellers and the Liars? This is a

continuation.

One day, Oliver met three trolls. He inquired to which clans

they belonged.

“All of us are Liars,” said the first.

“No, only two of us are Liars,” amended the second.

“That’s not true either,” corrected the third. “Only one of us

is a Liar.”

Who is/are the Liar(s)?

I. first troll

II. second troll

III. third troll

a. I, II and III c. I and III

b. I d. II and III

ENRICHMENT

Exercises

Prove the following.

1. There are no rational number solutions to the equation x 3+ x+1=0.

2. The number 100 … 01 (with 3 n−1 zeros where n is an integer larger

than 0) is composite.

3. If a is an odd integer, then a 2 is of form 8 m+1, where m∈ Z .

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