DAY 1- MAY 2019

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PRINCIPLES

1. In galvanic corrosion, what happens when dissimilar metals are placed in electrical contact in an
electrolyte? (Check Perry’s Handbook P25-4)
2. What is the molecular weight of sucrose?
3. Name this compound CH2=CH6H5?
a. Propylene
b. Styrene
c. Vinyl Chloride
d. Acetalnitrile
4. The BOD of a wastewater sample is estimated to be 180 mg/L. What volume of undiluted sample
should be added to a 300-mL bottle? Also, what are the sample size and dilution factor using this
volume? Assume that 4 mg/L BOD can be consumed in the BOD Bottle.
a. Sample Size? 2.33%
b. Sample volume? 7.00 mL
c. Dilution Factor? 0.0233
5. What is common between citric acid and maleic acid?
a. They are pyruvates
b. They are glutamates
6. What does a nucleus atom contain? (PROTONS and NEUTRONS)
7. Given temperature (x) and height (y) data table (3 datas), determine if unstable, stable or neutral.
(LAPSE RATE CHARACTERISTICS. Check Perry’s Handbook P22-39)
8. Who discovered the radioactivity? Henri Becquerel
9. Mountain Province (given altitude) and Cagayan Valley (given altitude). Which mountain has a
higher partial pressure? (CHOOSE THE LOWER ALTITUDE)
10. Who discovered vulcanization? CHARLES GOODYEAR
11. Which of the following element is the best conductor? (Choices: Li, C, N, F)- LITHIUM
12. In periodic table, which of the following is group considered a radioactive? (NOT EXACTLY
SURE WITH CHOICES)- This problem appeared twice in the exam
a. Above 75
b. Between 80-100
c. Between 85 to 115
d. Above 115
13. Define Sublimation
14. Particle with the same mass of proton? Neutron
15. Sulfuric was spilled out of the vessel/container due to wet road. How much sodium carbonate
needed to neutralize the acid? (5.15 x103 kg)
16. What is the empirical formula of 5.045 g of C, 0.487 g of H, and 3.36 g of O?
17. A steel casting weighing 2 kg has an initial temperature of 500˚C; 40 kg of water initially at 25
˚C is contained in a perfectly insulated steel tank weighing 5 kg. The casting is immersed
in the water and the system is allowed to come to equilibrium. What is its final temperature?
Ignore effects of expansion or contraction and assume constant specific heats of 4.18 kJ/kg-
K for water and 0.50 kJ/kg-K for steel. (SVN- Problem 2.13)
 DAY 2 - MAY 2019
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES

PROBLEM SOLVING

1. In a system, 3500 ft3/min of air from P1=14.5 psia and T1= 75˚F to P2=25 psia undergo
several processes. What would be the work in BTU/min for each of the following
processes?
a. Non-flow isentropic
b. Non-flow irreversible adiabatic to a temperature of 190˚F (650 R)
c. Steady-flow isentropic for which V1= 40ft/sec and V2=120 ft/sec

2. In designing a chemical processing plant there are heating and cooling process
requirements… (3 questions)

3. Gas at 15˚C and 105 kPa is flowing through an irregular duct. To determine the rate of flow
of the gas, CO2 is passed into the gas stream. The gas analyzed 1.2% CO2 by volume before,
and 3.4% CO2 by volume after addition. The CO2 left in the tank, was pass through a
rotameter, and was found to flow at the rate of 0.0917 m3/min at 7 ˚C and 131 kPa.
a. What was the flowrate of the gas entering the stream? 5.17 m3/min
b. What is the independent component balance in the problem? F(0.988)=P(0.966)
c. What is the entering volume of the gas in the system? F= 4.0265 m3

4. Air at 26˚C and 1 atm with the following composition in mol fraction benzene =0.018, air
= 0.982 is run through compressor… (3 questions)

5. In a wetted wall tower with column dimensions of 117 cm length, 2.67 cm inside diameter
respectively in which water was evaporated into an air stream… (3 questions)

6. It is desired to separate 1 kg/s of an ammonia solution containing 30 per cent NH3 by mass
into 99.5 per cent liquid NH3 and a residual weak solution containing 10 per cent NH3.
Assuming the feed to be at its boiling point, a column pressure of 1013 kN/m 2, a plate
efficiency of 60 per cent and that an 8 per cent excess over the minimum reflux
requirements is used.
a. How many plates must be used in the column?
b. How much heat is removed in the condenser?
c. How much heat is added in the boiler?

7. Hydrogen is compressed at a rate of 20 ft3/min in a hot environment from an initial pressure

of 15 psia and T1= 80˚F until 75.3 psig. Heat is introduced at a rate of 20 BTU/min and
the change in entropy is 0.268 BTU/min-R. Other Datas: H1=3660.9, U1=2588.5, spec
heat=31.232
a. What is the final T in R? (709, 790, 970, 907)
 b. What is the work equivalent HP if the system is non-flow? (2.14, 4.44, 2.14, 4.21)
c. Work if the system is steady flow in BTU/min? (-153, -351, -315, -135)

8. A chemical engineering company was hired by a real estate developer to ameliorate the
soil of an area contaminated with aromatic hydrocarbon… (3 questions)

9. Air at a rate of 0.100 kmol/min is bubbled through a column of liquid C6H14. The gas
stream leaving the tank contains 10.0% mole hexane vapor. Air may be considered
insoluble in liquid hexane. (3 questions)
a. What is the molar flowrate of the output stream?
b. What is total number of moles of C6H14 accumulated?
c. Use an integral balance to estimate the time required to vaporize 10.0 m3 of the liquid

10. Water flowing at 1.5 L/s in a 50 mm diameter pipe is metered by means of an orifice with
a diameter of 26 mm. Density of Water = 1000 kg/m3. Viscosity of Water = 1 mN s/m2
a. What is the Reynolds Number for the flow in the pipe?
b. If the coefficient of discharge of the meter is 0.62, what will be the reading on
mercury under water manometer connected to the meter? (3 questions)

11. A solution of 100 grams water containing 5 grams solute is heated slowly and boils at
100.42˚C at constant pressure of 1 atm.
a. What is the molecular weight of the compound in g/gmol if the mol fraction of the
solute in the solution is 0.421/28.5? (65.1, 61.0, 60.1, 62.1)
b. What is the effective vapor pressure of the solvent at 25˚C in mmHg? (25.3, 26.0,
23.4, 24.3)
c. What is the freezing point of the solution in ˚C at 1 atm? (-3.15, -1.53, -3.53, -1.35)

12. Air flows at 12 m/s through a pipe of inside diameter 25 mm. The rate of heat transfer by
convection between the pipe and the air is 60 W/m2-K. Neglecting the effects of
temperature variation, Estimate the pressure per meter length of pipe. (3 questions)

13. By using the simple Reynolds Analogy, obtain the relation between the heat transfer
coefficient and the mass transfer coefficient for the gas phase for the absorption of a soluble
component from a mixture of gases. If the heat transfer coefficient is 100 W/m2-K, what
will the mass transfer coefficient be for a gas of specific heat capacity Cp of 1.5 kJ/kg K
and density 1,5 kg/m3? The concentration of the gas is sufficiently low for bulk flow effects
to be negligible.

14. The Reynolds number of a gas flowing at 2.5 kg/m2s through a smooth pipe is 20,000. If
the specific heat of the gas at constant pressure is 1.67 kJ/kg K, what will the heat transfer
coefficient be?
15. By extraction with amyl acetate, Penicillin F is recovered from an aqueous fermentation
broth using 6 volumes of solvent per 100 volumes of the aqueous phase. At pH=3.2 the
distribution coefficient KD is 80.
a. What fraction of the penicillin would be recovered in a single ideal stage?
b. What would be the recovery with two-stage extraction using fresh solvent in both
stages?
c. How many ideal stages would be needed to give the same recovery as in part (b) if
a counterflow cascade were used with V/L=0.06?

16. A tower packed with 1-in ceramic intalox saddles is to be built to treat 25,000 ft3 (708 m3)
of entering gas per hour. The ammonia content of the entering gas is 2 percent by volume
and contains 98 vol.% air. Ammonia free water is used as absorbent. The temperature of
the entering gas and the water is 68˚F (20˚C) and the pressure is 1 atm. The ratio of gas
flow to liquid flow is 1 lb of gas per pound of liquid. (McCabe and Smith 5th ed., pp.694-
695)
a. If the gas velocity is to be one-half the flooding velocity. What should be the
diameter of the tower?
b. What is the pressure drop if the packed section is 20ft (6.1 m) high?

17. A pressure tank contains 1 kg of wet steam at 10 bar. If the liquid has the same volume of
the vapor… (3 questions)

18. A bed of sand is fluidized at minimum conditions using water at 24˚C the round particle
have density of 2550 kg/m3 and an average size of 0.40 mm. The sand has the properties
given: Sphericity= 0.86, Ɛ= 0.42, h=1.75 m. (Geankoplis)
a. Calculate the amount solids needed in kg? (235.52, 352.32, 523.35, 325.25)
b. Calculate the Pressure drop in kPa? (14.5, 13.4, 15.4, 17.3)
c. Calculate the minimum velocity of the liquid in m/hr? (6.75, 7.65, 5.76, 7.57)

19. A horizontal piston/cylinder is set-up is contained in a constant temperature bath. The

piston slides in the cylinder with negligible friction, and an external force holds it in place
against an initial gas pressure of 114 bar. The initial gas volume is 0.03 m3. The external
force on the piston is reduced gradually, and the gas expands isothermally and its volume
doubles. If the volume of the gas is related to its pressure so that the product PVt is constant.
(SVN-Example 2.6)
a. What is the word done by the gas in moving the external force?
b. How much work would be done if the external force were suddenly reduced to half
its initial value instead of being gradually reduced?
c. What is the efficiency for this process (Reversible)?
20. An electrodialysis process is to reduce salt of 24,000 m3/day of brackish water from 1500
mg/L to 300 mg/L with a 50% conversion. Assume each membrane has a surface area of
0.5 m3 and each stack contains 300 cell pairs. A reasonable current density is 5 mA/cm3
and the current efficiency is 0.8 (80%).
a. Estimate the Membrane Area
b. Electrical Energy Requirements
c. Electric Current Flow

21. The resistance force on a spherical particle settling in a fluid is given by stokes’ law, force
on particle from Stoke’s Law = 3πµdu; where µ is the fluid velocity, d is the particle
diameter and u is the velocity of the particle relative to the fluid. (Problem 1.17-Coulson
and Richardson)
a. What will be the terminal falling velocity of a particle of diameter 10 µm and of
density 1600 kg/m3 settling in a liquid of density 1000 kg/m3 and of viscosity 0.001
Ns/m2?
b. If Stokes’ Law applies for particle Reynolds number up to 0.2, what is the diameter
of the largest particle whose behavior is governed by Stokes’ Law for this solid and
liquid?

22. Five hundred kg/hr of steam entering at 44 atm and 450˚C drive a turbine at a linear velocity
of 60 m/s and leaves at a point 5m below the turbine inlet at atmospheric pressure and a
velocity of 360 m/s. The turbine delivers shaft work at a rate of 70 kW, and the heat loss
from the turbine is estimated to be 104 kcal/h.
a. Kinetic Energy of the process
b. Potential Energy of the process
c. Enthalpy Change associated with the process

23. A cylindrical vessel with nominal diameter of 1.5 m diameter and height of 2 m is to operate
at a pressure of 14 bar (abs) and temperature of 500˚C. The material of construction will
be plain carbon steel welds will be fully radiographed and a corrosion allowance of 2 mm
will be used. The design pressure is 0.10 above the operating pressure and typical design
stress is 85 N/mm2 (Example 13.1-Coulson and Richardson)
a. What will be the minimum wall thickness of the cylindrical section?
(17.2mm, 15.6 mm, 12.7 mm, 16.5 mm)
b. If a domed head or a torisphere will be preferred with crown radius of 1.5 m with
knuckles radius of 6% of the crown radius, what will be the minimum thickness?
(24 mm, 20mm, 22 mm, 18mm)
c. If an ellipsoidal head will be preferred?
CONCEPTUAL QUESTIONS
1. In general terms, what is the most significant feature of a SCADA system known as
industrial control system to control infrastructure processes, facility-based properties and
industrial processes?
2. In relation to temperature, absolute viscosity and the type of fluid, what condition brings
about the change in kinematic viscosity?
3. If a moving body is decelerated by the action of a resisting force, which of the following
is true?
4. Heat capacity is defined as C=dQ/dT. What is the difficulty about the relationship of C to
Q which are supposedly state functions? (Van Ness Book)
a. Small temperature changes have smaller capacities
b. It is a process-dependent quantity
c. Not an intensive property
d. It presents heat as energy in transit
5. Which of the following reactions happens in a gray area where non-homogeneity exists?
6. Consider the following reaction between persulfate ion and the iodide ion
S2O82- (aq) + 3I- (aq)  2SO42- (aq) + I3- (aq). What is the rate law expression?
Rate= k[ S2O82-]a[I-]b
7. What is the process in cross-flow filtration applications where product washing is
frequently necessary in which water is added to the holding tank at a rate equal to the
permeation rate?
a. Slurry Mobilization
b. Recycling
c. Defiltration
d. Fractionation
8. What is the purpose of using sizing in the manufacture of paper?
a. To increase the strength
b. To increase the absorption of liquid
9. Classification of stainless steel designated as 300 series that retains its crystalline structure
at all temperatures from the cryogenic region to the melting point of alloy.
a. Austenitic Stainless Steel
b. Duplex Stainless Steel
c. Ferritic Stainless Steel
d. Martensitic Stainless Steel
10. What phenomenon happens in a thermocouple when the temperature difference between
two dissimilar electric conductors or semi-conductors an electromotive force is generated
between conductors? (SEEBECK EFFECT)
11. With thermodynamics as a tool in reactor design, which of the following is the most
important in estimating the expected maximum attainable yield of the products of
reactions? (READ LEVENSPIEL BOOK)
12. Among the advantages of the use of steam in the styrene process for a reactor design, which
of the following is not one of them? (READ COULSON AND RICHARDSON
VOLUME 3, PAGES 13-14)
13. In crystallization, what is known as the formation of nuclei attributable to the influence of
existing macroscopic crystals in the magma?
a. Heterogeneous Nucleation
b. Contact Nucleation
c. Secondary Nucleation – same definition but MICROSCOPIC
d. Fluid Nucleation
14. The significance of the zeroth law is that when two bodies interacts they can reach thermal
equilibrium only when?
15. Actual work delivered divided by Ideal work?
a. Process efficiency
b. Turbine Efficiency
c. Engine Efficiency
d. System Efficiency
16. Which of the following processes are involved in the operation of heat engine?
a. Energy transfer and isometric
b. Cyclical and reversible adiabatic
c. Irreversible and polytropic
d. Isobaric and Irreversible
17. What commonly happens when heat flows both by radiation and by conduction-convection
through masses of monatomic and most diatomic gases? (McCabe and Smith)
Radiation becomes important at high temperatures and is independent of
circumstances of the flow of the fluid. Conduction-convection is sensitive to flow
conditions and is relatively unaffected by temperature levels. Two mechanisms are
mutually independent and occur in parallel, so that one type of heat flow can be
controlled or varied independently of the other.
18. Which of the mentioned effects does not appear within the current of an incompressible
fluid under the influence of solid boundaries?
19. As a safety precautionary measure in order to prevent operators in departing from the
required sequences of operations such as plant start-up and shutdown, what are
incorporated in process control systems?
a. Tagging In/Out
b. Alarm
c. Interlock
20. In feedback control system for temperature control, a thermocouple measures the
temperature and the output is fed to a controller. What results when one of the components
known as a comparator compares a measured temperature value with desired value or set
point?
 a. Impedance
b. Oscillation
c. Error
d. Feedback
21. What variations of the measured liquid are “clamp-on” ultrasonic flow meters sensitive to?
22. Group distribution methods were developed for the prediction of liquid phase activity
coefficients and the most preferred is know as the UNIFAC method for use in design but
it has its limitations, which of the following is one of the limitations?
Limitations (Just remember the provided limitations):
1. Pressure not greater than a few bar (Say limit to 5 bar),
2. Temperature below 150˚C,
3. No non-condensable components or electrolytes,
4. Components must not contain more than 10 functional groups
23. What controllers are frequently installed not because all modes of control are required but
more of their versatility in systems which respond rather sluggishly?
a. PI Control
b. PF Control
c. Integral Control
d. PID control
24. What optimization technique is commonly used in chemical process project design where
the problem is to decide the optimum utilization of resources?
a. Dynamic
b. Linear Programming
c. Cost-value
d. Step-wise
25. What is the measure of wall thickness of tubing considering that there is no clear-cut
distinction between pipe and tubing?
a. Schedule Number
b. Nominal Diameter
c. Birmingham Wire Gauge
d. Nominal pipe size
26. Complete the statement: The temperature patterns in a continuous dryer, show that
vaporization temperature may change as drying proceeds even though ___
27. In stage-wise operations or multi-stage systems called cascades where two streams are
brought in contact with each other, what facilitates mass transfer in the system?
28. What is the difference between the agitation mixing and blending?
29. What is the process in cross-flow filtration applications where products washing is
frequently necessary in which water is added to the holding tank at equal rate to the
permeation rate?
a. Recycling
 b. Defiltration
c. Slurry Mobilization
d. Fractionation
30. Gas to Liquid (GTL) technology has been developed by chemical engineers to convert
natural gas to gasoline or diesel fuel from natural gas recovered from oil wells which before
was flared off and wasted. What is the most important aspect of this process compared to
producing gasoline or diesel fuel from crude oil?
a. It is free from sulfur
b. It has a cheaper process
31. In the several processes in shaping and forming glass, what type uses machines that
produce parisons?
a. Light Bulb
b. Sheet Glass
c. Television Tubes
d. Blown Glass
32. Aside from boiling point elevation, what other factor influences the capacity of multiple
effect evaporator even more that it does on single effect evaporator?
a. Steam Economy
b. Heat transfer coefficient
c. Feed Temperature
d. liquid Head
33. In the gasification of coal to produce substitute natural gas, at what reaction zone is
methane produced when some of the carbon is hydrogenated?
a. Distillation Zone
b. Combustion Zone
c. Gasification Zone
d. Pyrolysis Zone
 DAY 3- MAY 2019
GENERAL ENGINEERING, ETHICS, AND CONTRACTS

1. A hollow square cross section consists of an 8 in. by 8 in. square from which is subtracted
a concentrically placed square 4 in. by 4 in.
a. Find the polar moment of inertia (J = 2176 in4)
b. Find the polar radius of gyration with respect to a z-axis passing through one of the
outside corners. (k= 6.733 in)

2. What do you call the axis that passes through two foci in hyperbola? (Transverse Axis)

3. What type of stress that cause bending? (Flexural Stress)

4. It is the branch of classical mechanics that describes the motion of points, objects and
systems of groups of object, without reference to the causes of motion? (KINEMATICS)

5. What is the existing integrated and accredited national organization of registered Chemical
Engineers? (Philippine Institute of Chemical Engineers)

6. A train moving with constant acceleration travels 24 ft (7.32 m) during the 10th sec of its
motion and 18 ft (5.49 m) during 12th sec of its motion.
a. Find its initial velocity (54 ft/sec)
b. Find the constant acceleration (-3 ft/sec2)

7. A stone is thrown vertically upward from the ground with a velocity of 48.3 ft per sec
(14.72 m/s). One second later another stone is thrown vertically upward with a velocity of
96.6 ft per sec (29.44 m/s). How far above the ground will stones be at the same level?
(36.64 ft and 1.4 secs)

8. A 300-lb box is held at rest on a smooth plan by a force P inclined at an angle Θ with the
plane.
a. If Θ = 45˚, determine the value of P (212.13 lb)
b. What is normal pressure N exerted by the plane. (409.81 lb)
c. If the value of P is 180 lb, determine the angle Θ at which it must be inclined with the
smooth plane to hold 300-lb box in equilibrium? (33.56˚)

9. Using disk method, find the volume of the solid generated when the area bounded by the
curve y = x2 at [0,3] is revolved about the x-axis.
10. The composite bar is firmly attached to unyielding supports. An axial force P=50 kips at
60˚F. Assume α = 6.5 × 10-6 in/(in·°F) for steel and 12.8 × 10-6 in/(in·°F) for aluminum.
a. Compute the diameter of the aluminum
b. Compute the diameter of the steel
c. Total diameter

11. An automobile manufacturing plant produced 100 vehicles: 60 were sedans, 30 were vans
and 10 were trucks.
a. What is the probability that sedan will be selected?
b. What is the probability that vans will be selected after sedan?
c. What is probability that either trucks or vans will be selected?

12. The amount of time required for cash inflows generated by a project to offset its initial cash
outflow. (Payback Period)
13. Ability of material to be stretch without breaking, bending or shattering. (STRENGTH)