FLAG OF KUWAIT

Scheme Textile colour

RED The Hashemite dynasty, symbolizes the blood on the Shiv swords.
WHITE The Umayyad dynasty, symbolizes purity and deeds
GREEN The Fatimid dynasty, represents for the fertile land.
BLACK The Abbasid dynasty, represents the defeat of the enemy in the battles

The colours' meaning came from a poem by Safie Al-Deen Al-Hali:

 White are our deeds

 Black are our battles
 Green are our lands
 Red are our swords

Rules of hanging and flying the flag:

 Horizontally: The green stripe should be on top.

 Vertically: The red stripe should be on the left side of the flag.
INTRODUCTION

In June 1961, Kuwait became independent with the end of the British protectorate and the sheikh
Abdullah Al-Salim Al-Sabah became an Emir. Kuwait was the first Arab state in the Persian
Gulf to establish a constitution and parliament. In the 1960s and 1970s Kuwait was the most
developed country in the region. Kuwait is a small but beautiful nation in the Middle East,
known for its modern cities, islands and ancient archeological sites. Kuwait City is famous for its
skyscrapers, towers, well-planned boulevards and scenic parks and gardens. Tourist attractions in
Kuwait include the Kuwait Towers, the 19th century Seif Palace, Kuwait National Museum and
Grand Mosque in Kuwait City; Doha Village, an entertainment town in Kuwait Bay and Failaka
Island, famous for its Bronze Age and Greek archaeological sites, Red Fort (also known as the
Red Palace); and the Oil Display Centre at Mina Al Ahmadi. Kuwait is a country located in the
Western part of Asia. The name was coined from the Arabic word for Fort which is called ‘Kut’.
Kuwait is a constitutional sovereign state with a semi-democratic political system. Kuwait has a
high-income economy backed by the world's sixth largest oil reserves. The Kuwaiti dinar is the
highest valued currency in the world. According to the World Bank, the country has the fourth
highest per capita income. Kuwait has a mixed economic system which includes a variety of
private freedom, combined with centralized economic planning and government
regulation. Kuwait is a member of the League of Arab States (Arab League) and the Gulf
Cooperation Council (GCC). Petroleum accounts for nearly half of GDP, 95% of export
revenues, and 95% of government income. Economic activity in Kuwait picked up in 2014.
Kuwait is a constitutional emirate with a semi-democratic political system. ... Kuwait is among
the Middle East's freest countries in civil liberties and political rights. Freedom House rates
the country as "Partly Free" in the Freedom in the World survey. Kuwait, otherwise as the State
of Kuwait is a country located in the Western part of Asia. The name was coined from the Arabic
word for Fort which is called 'kut.' These are the most famous facts about Kuwait. When it
comes to the largest oil reserves in the world, Kuwait ranks 5th. Kuwait is a country located in
the Middle East on the northeast Arabian Peninsula. It borders the Persian Gulf, Iraq, and Saudi
Arabia. The flat, sandy Arabian Desert covers most of Kuwait. The government system is a
constitutional emirate; the chief of state is the emir, or sheikh, and the head of government is the
prime minister. Kuwait has a mixed economic system which includes a variety of private
freedom, combined with centralized economic planning and government regulation. Kuwait is a
member of the League of Arab States (Arab League) and the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC).
1600sThe Northeast region of the Arabian peninsula becomes part of the Ottoman Empire. 1899
After being granted a degree of semi-autonomy, Kuwait signs a deal with Britain and cedes
control to them in order to protect them from Ottoman rule. 1937, Massive oil reserves are
discovered by the US-British Kuwait Oil Company.1951, Major infrastructure and public
reforms raise the standard of living in Kuwait. 1961, Kuwait becomes fully independent, ending
a 60 year British protectorate. 1980, Kuwait supports Iraq strategically and financially in
the Iran-Iraq war. 1990, Iraq invades and then annexes Kuwait after accusing Kuwait of stealing
its oil from a field near the borders. 1991, A US-led and United Nations backed bombing aerial
campaign begins in Kuwait and Iraq, forcing Iraq to pull out. 1993, The UN sets the new
Kuwait-Iraq border. 2007, Kuwaitis are urged to conserve electricity as generators struggle to
meet demands of economic growth fuelled by record oil exports. number of excellent resources
focused on international cultures are available online. Below are links to country-specific cultural
information for Kuwait. One of the hottest countries in the world especially between June to
August. Rainfall averages 2 days in the year. Kuwait has several sandstorms every year.

ECONOMY OF KUWAIT

Kuwait Economy 2019, CIA World Factbook. Economy - overview: Kuwait has a
geographically small, but wealthy, relatively open economy with crude oil reserves of about 102
billion barrels - more than 6% of world reserves. ... Petroleum accounts for over half of GDP,
92% of export revenues, and 90% of government income. Kuwait has a geographically small, but
wealthy, relatively open economy with crude oil reserves of about 102 billion barrels - more than
6% of world reserves. Kuwaiti officials plan to increase production to 4 million barrels of oil
equivalent per day by 2020. Petroleum accounts for over half of GDP, 92% of export revenues,
and 90% of government income.

With world oil prices declining, Kuwait realized a budget deficit in 2015 for the first time more
than a decade; in 2016, the deficit grew to 16.5% of GDP. Kuwaiti authorities announced cuts to
fuel subsidies in August 2016, provoking outrage among the public and National Assembly, and
the Amir dissolved the government for the seventh time in ten years. In 2017 the deficit was
reduced to 7.2% of GDP, and the government raised $8 billion by issuing international bonds.
Despite Kuwait’s dependence on oil, the government has cushioned itself against the impact of
lower oil prices, by saving annually at least 10% of government revenue in the Fund for Future
Generations.

Kuwait has failed to diversify its economy or bolster the private sector, because of a poor
business climate, a large public sector that employs about 74% of citizens, and an acrimonious
relationship between the National Assembly and the executive branch that has stymied most
economic reforms. The Kuwaiti Government has made little progress on its long-term economic
development plan first passed in 2010. While the government planned to spend up to $104
billion over four years to diversify the economy, attract more investment, and boost private
sector participation in the economy, many of the projects did not materialize because of an
uncertain political situation or delays in awarding contracts. To increase non-oil revenues, the
Kuwaiti Government in August 2017 approved draft bills supporting a Gulf Cooperation
Council-wide value added tax scheduled to take effect in 2018.

GDP $120 billion (2017 est.)

GDP growth 1.6% (2015), 3.5% (2016), -2.9% (2017e), 1.9% (2018f)

GDP per capita $29,040 (2017 est.)

agriculture (0.4%), industry (58.7%), services (40.9%) (2017 est.)

GDP by sector

Kuwait has nearly 10% of the world's oil reserves. Petroleum accounts for nearly half of GDP
and 95% of export revenues and government income. It also has a small populatioin - only 3.36
million people. Kuwait is famous for The Liberation Tower and Alcohol is illegal in Kuwait and
Saudi Arabia, but that doesn't stop people from drinking. Although punishments for trafficking
and consuming alcohol can be severe, including hundreds of lashes, imprisonment and
deportation, expats – and many locals – continue to consume liquor regularly throughout both
countries. Kuwait has a leading position in the financial industry in the GCC; the abyss that
separates Kuwait from its Gulf neighbors in terms of tourism, transport, and other measures of
diversification is absent in the financial sector.[15] The Emir has promoted the idea that Kuwait
should focus its energies, in terms of economic development, on the financial industry.[15]

The historical preeminence of Kuwait (among the Gulf monarchies) in finance dates back to the
founding of the National Bank of Kuwait in 1952.[15] The bank was the first local publicly traded
corporation in the Gulf.[15] In the late 1970s and early 1980s, an alternative stock market, trading
in shares of Gulf companies, emerged in Kuwait, the Souk Al-Manakh.[15] At its peak, its market
capitalization was the third highest in the world, behind only the U.S. and Japan, and ahead of
the UK and France.[15]

Kuwait has a large wealth-management industry that stands out in the region.[15] Kuwaiti
investment companies administer more assets than those of any other GCC country, save the
much larger Saudi Arabia.[15] The Kuwait Financial Centre, in a rough calculation, estimated that
Kuwaiti firms accounted for over one-third of the total assets under management in the
GCC.[15] The relative strength of Kuwait in the financial industry extends to its stock
market.[15] For many years, the total valuation of all companies listed on the Kuwaiti exchange
far exceeded the value of those on any other GCC bourse, except Saudi Arabia.[15] In 2011,
financial and banking companies made up more than half of the market capitalization of the
Kuwaiti bourse; among all the Gulf states, the market capitalization of Kuwaiti financial-sector
firms was, in total, behind only that of Saudi Arabia.[15]

In recent years, Kuwaiti investment companies have invested large percentages of their assets
abroad, and their foreign assets have become substantially larger than their domestic assets.[15]

Kuwait is a major source of foreign economic assistance to other states through the Kuwait Fund
for Arab Economic Development, an autonomous state institution created in 1961 on the pattern
of Western and international development agencies. Over the years aid was annually provided to
Egypt, Syria, and Jordan, as well as the Palestine Liberation Organization. In 1974, the fund's
lending mandate was expanded to include all developing countries in the world.
GOVERNMENT OF KUWAIT

Kuwait is a constitutional emirate with a semi-democratic political system. The hybrid political system
is divided between an elected parliament and appointed government. The Constitution of Kuwait,
approved and promulgated in November 1962, calls for direct elections to a unicameral parliament
(the National Assembly). The emirs of Kuwait are members of the Al-Sabah dynasty, which
originate from the Bani Utbah; a federation of clans in the Arabian Peninsula. Since 29 January
2006, Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah is the current emir. Kuwait has a geographically
small, but wealthy, relatively open economy with crude oil reserves of about 102 billion barrels -
more than 6% of world reserves. Kuwaiti officials plan to increase production to 4 million barrels
of oil equivalent per day by 2020. The chief of state is the Emir Sabah al-Ahmad al-Jabir al-
Sabah (since 2006), and the Crown Prince is Nawafal-Ahmad al-Jabir al-Sabah. The head of
government is the Prime Minister, Jabir Al-Mubarak al-Hamad al-Sabah (since 2011).

Government Name:
State of Kuwait
Constitution:
Adopted: 1962; Pillars of the Constitution are the sovereignty of the state, public
freedom, and equality before the law.
Government Type:
Constitutional Emirate

Main Powers

Executive: The emir appoints the prime minister, can dissolve parliament, and is the head of
state. The prime minister is in charge of executing executive tasks for the emir.

Judicial: The constitutional court can dissolve the national assembly and is in charge of
interpreting the constitution.

Legislative: The national assembly is in charge of creating legislature, approving/disapproving

the emir's appointments, and removing the emir from post.

Election Process

The emir is chosen from within the ruling family and is confirmed by parliamentary vote. The emir then
appoints the prime minister and deputy prime ministers.

Appointed by the emir upon recommendation of the supreme judicial council.

50 members are elected by plurality vote in multi-member constituencies.

CONCLUSION
Out of which about 20,00,000 to 25,00,000 are immigrants who are not Kuwaiti citizens but are
here for work with the rest who are the original Kuwaiti inhabitants.The Arabic is the national
language but English is widely used. The south Asian languages like Urdu, Hindi, Bengali,
Filipino are also widely spoken The non Kuwaiti citizens mainly include immigrants from India,
Pakistan, Saudi Arabia & Egypt. Its net migration rate is third highest in the world (16.09 %).
Also the literacy is very high about 93.9%The population is young with a large amount of people
falling to the age group of 20 to 35(refer fig) Important Cities. Kuwait City:- The capital and the
largest city of Kuwait with the population of about 96,100 in the main city and about 2,38,000 in
its suburbs. The other important cities include Hawalli, Al Farwaniyah, Al Jahra. About 96% of
the total population lives in the urban areas. Kuwait an emirate is a constitutional monarch
which is the oldest directly elected parliament in the Arab countries of the Persian Gulf. The
head of Kuwait is the Emir or Sheikh, which is a hereditary office belonging to Al-Sabah
dynasty. A council of ministers(cabinet ministers) helps the Prime Minister to perform his task as
the head of Kuwaiti Government which must contain minimum one elected member of the
Kuwaiti parliament, the Majlis Al-Umma the Kuwaiti National Assembly. The National Assembly
of Kuwait has the power to dismiss the Prime Minister or any member of cabinet through a
series of legislative procedures. Cabinet ministers are answerable to the Prime Minister & The
National Assembly.

Emir is the supreme commander or the dictator of the State. The Emir has the right to appoint
and dismiss diplomats & even the PM. Legislative power is shared by the Emir and the National
Assembly as per the Constitution. The Emir of Kuwait cannot be punished by law. He has the
power to dissolve the National Assembly and announce the elections, or in cases of national
emergency has the power to dissolve the National Assembly assuming the supremacy over the
country. The Emir is also the chief of Kuwait’s armed forces. The Emir has power to grant
pardon from the death penalty or prison. Kuwait is a relatively free and open economy by its
nature and is mainly dependent on the crude oil production. Kuwait has a GDP of US $157.9
billion and a per capita income of US $ 60,800. It is the 5th richest country in the world.
Economy of Kuwait suffered tremendously due to the Gulf War, but it was re-established
through a fast redevelopment process. Some of the important industries booming in Kuwait
which are responsible for the prosperity of the Kuwait Economy other than petroleum are salt,
construction, food processing, petroleum, desalination, fertilizers, cement, textiles, and
petrochemicals. Now the economy of all the countries in the world depends on the production
factors namely Land, Labor, Capital. All these factors are needed in a proper amount for a
country to grow or to sustain its growth and are responsible for its overall economic
development. In land, Kuwait has a very less land area of about 17,200 kilometre2. The land
over here is very sandy and is barren and sparsely settled. Agriculture is possible in only 0.84 %
while land available for permanent crops is a mere 0.17%, while the rest of the land is barren
which contains a large amount of oil-fields. About 10% of the oil reserves of the world are found
in this country and The country has a very high HDI (human Development Index) of 0.916 and is
ranking 31st world-wide showing a high life-expectancy, literacy rate & standard of living placing
it in the category of the highly developed country. The population of Kuwait has reached 3.48
millions in 2009.Out of which 2.25 millions are in the age group between age group 20-49 which
is the labour force of the company(refer the fig 3 in appendix). The availability of the labour is
depicted in the table (in appendix figure 4) about the last ten years. The people of are mainly
employed in the oil-fields and the oil refineries in Kuwait. KPC the Kuwaiti Petroleum
Corporation is the largest company in Kuwait which is into the petroleum & Natural gas
business. The labourer here are mostly the expatriates immigrated from the Middle-East &
south Asia for the better future. They constitute about 66% of the total labour force in nature.
Also there is a huge population of the illegal immigrants staying in Kuwait. The standard of living
is very high with the professionals like engineers, managers earning about $ 4200 per month.
But the condition of the illegal immigrants is very pitiable as they have to work for less than $
180 per month and are deprived of the human rights by the native Arabs. Also the government
to protect the rights of the native Kuwaitis is adamant in not granting the citizenship to the
expatriates & the conditions are also very stringent to grant citizenship in labour while in capital
Stock Exchange better known as KSE, having about 200 firms listed in the second-largest stock
exchange in the Arab world with a total market capital of US$235 billion. The country has the
large amount of reserves which are mainly divided into two parts Fund for future Generation &
General reserves both of which are managed by the Kuwait Investment Authority (KIA).It was
this reserves which made the reconstruction of the Kuwait from the war-ravaged country (Gulf
War 1991-2) to the developed country in a very less time span. During the war Kuwait had the
reserves of about $ 100 million which were deprive to about $ 40 million after the post war
reconstruction. GDP (official exchange rate, 2008 est.):- $157.9 billion. Kuwait ranks 59th in the
world by GDP (301.916 million international dollars).
II. COMPARISON BETWEEN KUWAIT AND PHILIPPINE

If we are to compare the Philippines to Kuwait, interms of economy, government and the
way of living of the people on its country, Kuwait has a geographically small, but wealthy,
relatively open economy with crude oil reserves of about 102 billion barrels - about 7% of world
reserves. Petroleum accounts for nearly half of GDP, 95% of export revenues, and 95% of
government income. Kuwaiti officials have committed to increasing oil production to 4 million
barrels per day by 2020. The rise in global oil prices throughout 2011 and 2012 is reviving
government consumption and economic growth. Kuwait has experienced a 20% increase in
government budget revenue, which has led to higher budget expenditures, particularly wage
hikes for many public sector employees. Kuwait has done little to diversify its economy, in part,
because of this positive fiscal situation, and, in part, due to the poor business climate and the
historically acrimonious relationship between the National Assembly and the executive branch,
which has stymied most movement on economic reforms. In 2010, Kuwait passed an economic
development plan that pledges to spend up to $130 billion over five years to diversify the
economy away from oil attract more investment, and boost private sector participation in the
economy, while the The Philippines has a mixed economic system which includes a variety
of private freedom, combined with centralized economic planning and government
regulation. Philippines is a member of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) and
the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN).Philippine GDP growth, which cooled
from 7.6% in 2010 to 3.9% in 2011, expanded to 6.6% in 2012 - meeting the government's
targeted 6%-7% growth range. The 2012 expansion partly reflected a rebound from depressed
2011 export and public sector spending levels. The economy has weathered global economic and
financial downturns better than its regional peers due to minimal exposure to troubled
international securities, lower dependence on exports, relatively resilient domestic consumption,
large remittances from four- to five-million overseas Filipino workers, and a rapidly expanding
business process outsourcing industry. The current account balance had recorded consecutive
surpluses since 2003; international reserves are at record highs; the banking system is stable; and
the stock market was Asia's second best-performer in 2012. Efforts to improve tax administration
and expenditure management have helped ease the Philippines' tight fiscal situation and reduce
high debt levels. The Philippines received several credit rating upgrades on its sovereign debt in
2012, and has had little difficulty tapping domestic and international markets to finance its
deficits. Achieving a higher growth path nevertheless remains a pressing challenge. Economic
growth in the Philippines averaged 4.5% during the MACAPAGAL-ARROYO administration
but poverty worsened during her term. Growth has accelerated under the AQUINO government,
but with limited progress thus far in bringing down unemployment, which hovers around 7%,
and improving the quality of jobs. Underemployment is nearly 20% and more than 40% of the
employed are estimated to be working in the informal sector. The AQUINO administration has
been working to boost the budgets for education, health, cash transfers to the poor, and other
social spending programs, and is relying on the private sector to help fund major infrastructure
projects under its Public-Private Partnership program. Long term challenges include reforming
governance and the judicial system, building infrastructure, improving regulatory predictability,
and the ease of doing business, attracting higher levels of local and foreign investments. The
Philippine Constitution and the other laws continue to restrict foreign ownership in important
activities/sectors (such as land ownership and public utilities).