Senior High School Department

2nd Quarter, 1st Semester

SY: 2019-2020

Report Handout
in Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person

LESSON 3: THE HUMAN PERSON IN SOCIETY

I. Learning Objectives:
1. Understand the interplay between the individuality of human beings and the
society they belong to;
2. Evaluate the formation of human relationships and how individuals are
shaped by their social relations and social norms; and
3. Compare different forms of societies and individualities.

II. Time Allotment: 45 minutes

III. Topics:
A. Recognizing How Individuals
Form Societies and How
we look at the idealized
Individuals Are Transformed by
version of various people in
Societies
social media sites.
 According to Soren
 Most of us post pictures of
Kierkegaard, we tend to
food, perfect vacation, smiling
conform to an image or idea
faces. We show the idealized
associated to being a certain
version of ourselves to our
type of person.
online friends. And as such,

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 We create ideal versions of FORMS OF SOCIETY

ourselves in the social media
accounts we make. Thus, we
conform to a pattern; Agrarian Period
generalizations occur.
 In the Philippines during the
Pre-Spanish time, women
 Our totality, wholeness of
occupied an equal position
“complete life” relies on social
with men in the society.
relations.
 They may assume headship in
According to Aristotle, friends are a village, be a priestess and
2 bodies with 1 soul. perform religious rites
 The essence of womanhood
 Mutual sharing, acceptance
was equality with men.
and sincerity.

Karol Wojtyla’s We-You/I-You

Medieval Period (Middle Ages)
 Through participation, we
 Feudalism was their way of
share the humanness of
life
others
Came from the Latin feudum,
Martin Buber’s I-Thou Relations
meaning property or
 Human person attains possession
fulfilment in meeting others
 Amidst the turmoil in the
through genuine dialogue
middle ages, the Roman
Catholic Church was the
For Aristotle, Buber and Wojtyla, strongest single influence
the concreteness of our in Europe
experiences and existence is  Employed pedagogical
directly linked to our experiences methods causing
with others. intercommunication
between various
If one has meaningful
intellectual centers and
relationships, then according to
unity of scientific language.
Aristotle, he is truly happy.

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 Center of Middle Ages was  Early sex role socialization of boys

Faith and girls
 From birth, gender specific
treatments were accorded
According to St. Anselm:
 However by the 1890s, Filipino
“I do not seek an insight of reason in order women transcended their social
to believe. Indeed, I also believe this; that I restrictions leading to the 1898
should never be able to attain insight if I revolution.
did not believe.
 Faith and Reason (Fides and Ratio)
Human Being as the Most Interesting in
were complementary and parallel.
Nature during the Modern Period
In order to reason, one must have faith
that the world is an organized world here
reason can operate. And in order for faith  Revival of Ancient Philosophy and
to be proven true and valid, it needs to European Philosophers turning from
have reason to support its claim. superstitious to empirical
explanations
 Experimentation, observation, and
Modern Period application of mathematics in the
natural sciences set standards for
 The title “modern philosophy”
philosophic inquiry.
is an attack and a rejection of
 Medieval and renaissance artists
the middle ages.
such as Copernicus, Galileo, Kepler
 An attack towards the church
and Newton influenced the thinking
that has ruled and dictated
of Philosophers
ideas; attack towards the
notion of authority itself.
 Attack on the Church’s flawed
Ages of Modern Philosophy
ideas on science, nature

Age of Rationalism (17th Century)

In the Philippines, the coming of
Spaniards forced Filipino women to
suppress and control their emotions and
ideas.
 A philosophical movement that
promoted the use of reason and
intellect to analyze natural
phenomena and human nature

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 Rationalism turned away from the
religious and superstitious and
sought to find logical explanations
for phenomena
3 periods under Rationalism
Naturalism
 Nature is full of facts which
conform fatally to exact and
irreversible law
 Use of reason in the study of
the facts of experience
 Logic and evidence in the
physical world are the only
proofs needed to understand
man and the world
Empiricism
 Turned back to the study of
the wondrous inner world of
humanity’s soul
 Gradually, attention was
turned more and more from
the outer world to the mind
of the human being
 The second period was that
of like a new Humanism
Humanism – prefers critical
thinking and evidence
(rationalism and empiricism
over acceptance of dogma or
superstition
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Critical Idealism (Immanuel Kant)
 Humanity’s nature is the real
creator of humanity’s world
 It is not the external world that is
visible in the nature around us but
the inner structure of the human
spirit
 For Kant, mankind shapes the
physical world and civilizations
according to how mankind thinks,
feels and believes.
 The world as we see it is not the
product of the laws of nature, but
rather of man’s ambitions, dreams,
fears and aspirations.
Global and Technological Innovations
 The introduction of new inventions
in science eventually led to the
Industrial Revolution in the 18th
century.
Industrial Revolution – movement
in which improvements and
innovations of machines used in
farms and factories changed
people’s way of life as well as their
methods of productions
 Industry came to mean a collective
work for our manufacturing and
productive institutions and for their
general activities
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 “Industrious” is usually attributed
to persons;
 “Industrial” is the term coined for
the institutions; and
 “Industrialism” is seen in creating
new systems due to the rapid
growth of these institutions
 The Industrial Revolution came at a
short span of time and grew more
powerful year after year
 IR - Paved was to the advancement
and introduction of inventions
which drastically changed
humanity’s way of life
Significant changes that brought about
the Industrial Revolution were
(Germain, 2000);
 Invention of machines in lieu of
doing the work of hand tools
 Use of steam and other kinds of
power vis-a-vis the muscles of
human beings and of animals;
and
 The embracing of the factory
system
In the 19th century, the dream of
automatically powered machineries came
to life. It has been approximately 100
years has passed sinced the invention of
the first fully automatic computer. And
through the use of these electronic
Group No.2
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computers in these systems, it has begun
to amplify the age where new types of
industrial and social phenomena are
appearing
Artificial Intelligence (AI) – is a branch
of computer science or the study and
design of intelligent agents where an
intelligent agent is a computer software
that perceives its environment and
autonomously takes action and maximizes
its chances for success without human
supervision or control
 As technology is being exploited it is
easier for already wealthy countries
to maintain advantage. However, at
present, developing countries lack
the technological strength to utilize
their resources better.
 Therefore, it could be said that
technology indeed leads to
globalization however the emerging
global society, economy, and
cultures do not encompass all
equally (Ramos, 2003)
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Transformations Of Human Relations
By Social System
 When industry changed,
social and political conditions
are transformed which makes
changes as a condition of
modern life
 Modernization showed how
human relations are
transformed by social systems
wherein people confronted
with the challenge of defining
their attitudes toward
fundamental changes in
knowledge, law, economics
and technology
A. New Knowledge
 The increasing success in
understanding of things and gaining
new knowledge are being applied to
human affairs
 This process of intellectual growth
and paradigm shifts are continuing
without any slackening of pace and
changes in our understanding in the
years ahead may well be greater
than those that we have seen in our
own lifetime (Nye & Welch, 2013)
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B. Policy-Making
 The application of new knowledge in
human affairs has increased
integration of policy-making.
However, as life becomes more
complex, the legal system has also
grown to the point where almost all
human activities come in contact
with the law in one form and
another
 Policy-making brought people into
an unprecedentedly closer
relationship which leads to greater
complexity of social organization
C. Economy Sphere
 Technological advancements greatly
helps the economic sphere to mass
producing goods and reduces
human effort that resulted to rapid
growth of economy
D. Social Realm
 Traditional way of living are replaced
to a new profound way where
globalization, interdependence,
industrialization and modernization
are things that causes to socially
transform our human relations
 The world has slowly moved toward
a more merit-based and
achievement s based from society
 Interdependence led to the
development of more orderly
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procedures for regulating relations
among societies such as diplomatic
practices, conference and
international laws.
 Globalization refers to the
compression and intensification of
the world as a whole, which focuses
on concrete interdependence and
global consciousness in the
twentieth century.
 The rise of global consciousness
along with higher levels of material
interdependence increases the
probability that the world will be
produced as a single system
 Although the world is becoming
more and more unified, it is not
becoming more integrated
 Events in any part of the world that
have consequences for or be
F. On (Women’s) Friendships
referenced against events in other
distant parts may not always be
positive which means systematic for
of social realm may well be driven by
conflicts
E. Technology
 The more society is influenced by
technology, the more we need to
consider the social, ethical,
technological and scientific
implication of each of our decision
and choice (Germain, 2000)
 It is important to have the ability to
evaluate the products of science and
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technology and needs to be
nurtured and developed through
social and cultural education
 Science and technology have
become the most distinctive symbol
of human autonomy and human’s
success is measured by how well
you can master it.
 Human beings have separated
themselves from their cosmic
relation and other realities
 If science and technology can’t be
control. Spiritual contact with other
people, with their environment and
with anything that has
transcendental characteristics will
be lost.
 Science and technology in a broader
sense is the culture itself
 Women friendships are special and
have unique quality where it offers
sympathy, learning, validation and
advice.
 Carol (2016) cited that strong female
relationships lead to happiness and
healthier lives while recovery from
distress or sufferings become easier
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those differences together in the

Evaluating the Transformation of
Human Relationships by Social System
and How Societies Transform Individual
Human Beings
spirit of open inquiry and thereby to
discover the extent of our ignorance
(Goldin & Reinert, 2012)

 Not all transformations of social

systems lead to a path of leisure and
 Human does not live according to
prosperity because some can turn
the natural cycles regulated by
out to be environmental
natural rhythms anymore but.
degradation.
Instead, lives in artificial
environment characterized by the
results of technology (Goldin
&Reinert, 2012)
 In the high-tech age, people force IV. Instructional Activity:
nature to conform to their needs
and expectations whenever nature
proves unsatisfactory for human Fact or Bluff
purposes, people reframe it as they
Discussion Show
see fit (Heidegger, 1993)
 For Heidegger, new devices cannot You may choose one Fact teller or Bluffer
always be said to accomplish the that you want and whether you believe
same thing as the devices they him/her is entirely your choice. After all
fact teller/bluffers shared their thoughts
replace especially in the area of
or idea and you think the information you
relationships
got is insufficient, you may use one of the
 Changes converged in Information
three options
Age using our knowledge has
outdistanced our ability to monitor, The first option you have is you can look
comprehend, predict and control at your handout for 10 seconds and look
their behaviour for a support statement. Second, you can
ask one of our headmasters to give you
 Globalization should allow us to
some very little tiny bit of hint. Last is you
immerse in other cultures that make
may ask your classmates if it is a fact or
use “see the world through fresh
bluff where they will raise their hand to
eyes” (Goldin & Reinert, 2012) show their answer
 Showing respect for our differences
involves preparedness to explore

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Then you will be given 10 seconds to

decide your final answer and if your
answer the question correctly, you’ll
receive a prize
To formally start this, let’s draw a random
student who will be answering. Who will
be your fact teller/bluffer?
First Question of our discussion
Question – then the power point should
display the question. (so on and so forth)

Flow of Discussion Show

 Choose from three fact
tellers/bluffers
 Statement of three options
 Answer of student
 Revelation of correct answer
 Discussion of headmasters

V. References:

Ramos, C.C. (2010). Introduction To The

Philosophy Of The Human Person (2nd Ed.)
Manila: Rex Bookstore Inc.

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