DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF MOTORIZED

SCREW JACK FOR A FOUR WHEELER

SEMINAR REPORT

Submitted by

ASWIN KUMAR Reg.No.19803107

in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree

of

Master of Computer Integrated Manufacturing

in
MECHANICALENGINEERING
SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
Vels Institute of Science, Technology & Advanced Studies
CHENNAI - 600 117
NOV 2019
 BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

Certified that this seminar report on “DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF

MOTORIZED SCREW JACK FOR A FOUR WHEELER” is the bonafide
work of “ASWIN KUMAR Reg.No. 19803107” who carried out the
seminar presentation under my supervision. Certified further that to the best of
my knowledge the work reported here in does not form part of any other project
report or dissertation on the basic of which a degree or award was conferred on
an early occasion on this or any other candidate.

SIGNATURE SIGNATURE
Dr. C. DHANSEKARAN Dr. R. PUGAZHENTHI
HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT LAB Incharge
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Vels Institute of Science, Technology &
Vels Institute of Science, Technology &
Advanced Studies (VISTAS)
Advanced Studies (VISTAS)
CHENNAI-600 117.
CHENNAI-600 117.

Submitted for the seminar presentation and viva-voce examination held on ……………… at
Vels Institute of Science, Technology & Advanced Studies (VISTAS), Chennai – 600 117.

Signature of the Expermember Signature of the Internal Examiner

 TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER NO TITLE PAGE NO

ABSTRACT 1

1 INTRODUCTION 2

2 LITERATURE SURVEY 4

2.1 TYPES OF JACK 4

2.1.1 SCREW JACK 4

2.1.2 HOUSE JACK 6

2.1.3 HYDRAULIC JACK 7

2.1.4 PNEUMATIC JACK 8

2.1.5 STRAND JACK 8

2.1.6 FARM JACK 9

2.1.7 BOTTLE JACK 10

2.1.8 KING DICK JACK 10

2.1.9 SCISSOR JACK 11

3 PROJECT PROFILE 12

4 PARTS OF SCREW JACK

4.1 FRAME 13

4.2 RIVETS 14
CHAPTER NO TITLE PAGE NO

4.3 POWER SCREW 16

3D VIEW OF SCREW JACK 20

5 DC MOTOR 22

6 DESIGN DETAILS 23

6.1 DESIGN CALCULATION 24

7 WORKING 25

8 COST ESTIMATION 26

9 ADVANTAGES 27

10 DISADVANTAGES 27

11 CONCLUSION 28

12 REFERENCE 29
 ABSTRACT

This project work titled “DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF

AUTOMATED SCREW JACK” has been conceived having studied
the difficulty in lifting car to change the wheel. Our survey in this
regarding several automobile garages and other areas revealed the facts
that mostly some difficult methods were adopted to lift the car. The car
can be lifted only by manual effort. Now the project has mainly
concentrated on this difficulty and suitable arrangements has been
designed such that lifting of car can be done automatically. This
prototype can be further improved to get a working model.

1 
 
 1.INTRODUCTION

A jack is a mechanical device used to lift heavy loads or apply great

forces. Jack employs a screw thread or hydraulic cylinder to apply very
high linear forces.

A mechanical jack is a device which lifts heavy equipment. The most

common form is a car jack, floor jack or garage jack which lifts vehicles
so that maintenance can be performed. Car jacks usually use mechanical
advantage to allow a human to lift a vehicle by manual force alone.
More powerful jacks use hydraulic power to provide more lift over
greater distances. Mechanical jacks are usually rated for a maximum
lifting capacity.

The Automated screwjack is a modified form of conventional screw

jack that helps to lift theload using motor as a source of energy and gear
box to control the lift of the jack. In this project, we aim for the
following
Arrange & modify the conventional scissor lifting jack by putting
extra ring in the center to grip the vbelt assembly, by controlling the jack
remotely
To arrange & modify the 12V big DC Motor in the output shaft.
To construct an angle iron based structure to hold the entire
assembly.

2 
 
 To design & construct a 5 amp DC power supply to run the project
construction.
An electrically operated screw-type jack comprising a support
base, a housing, a jack body, a lifting ram which is contained in the
jack body, a servo motor which is contained in the housing, reduction
gears for transmitting the driving power of the servo motor to the lifting
ram a safety device prevent the motor and the power transmitting
mechanism from an abrupt failure due to over loading, and a square
headpin for conventional hand operation of the jack when the jack is
overloaded. The safety device consists of a clutch disk, a clutch spring
and a sleeve. The reduction gears consist of first sun and planet gears,
second sun and planet gearsand a sun gear cylinder. The remote is used
to control the jack from a distance. In case of heavy object, the jack can
be operated remotely.

3 
 
 2. LITERATURE SURVEY

Fig 2.1

2.1 TYPES OF JACK

1. Screw jack    5. Strand jack    9. Scissor jack

2. House jack 6. Farm jack

3. Hydraulic jacks   7. Bottle jack

4. Pneumatic jack   8. King Dick jack

2.1.1 SCREW JACK

A jack screw is a type of jack which is operated by turning lead screw.It is

commonly used to lift heavy weights such as the foundations of houses, or large
vehicles

They are used to raise or lower work and heavy loads in short distances.
Some jacks are used for pushing and pulling operations. Others are used for
spreading and clamping operations.

4 
 
 Fig 2.1.1

Vertical screw jacks come in several capacities and different lowered

and raised heights. The screw moves up or down, depending on the direction the
handle is turned. These jacks are used for different purposes. These type of jacks
can be used to lift vehicles. They can also be used to raise heavy crates,
small buildings, or other items too heavy to be raised by prying with wrecking
bars.

An advantage of jackscrews over some other types of jack is that they

are self-locking which means when the rotational force on the screw is removed,it
will remain motionless where it was left and will not rotate backwards, regardless
of how much load it is supporting. This makes them inherently safer than hydraulic
jack, for example, which will move backwards under load if the force on the
hydraulic actuator is accidentally released.

5 
 
 A jack screw threads must support heavy loads. In the most heavy-duty
applications, such as screw jacks, a square thread or buttress thread is used,
because it has the lowest friction. In other application such as actuators, an Acme
thread is used, although it has higher friction.

The large area of sliding contact between the screw threads means
jackscrews have high friction and low efficiency as power transmission linkages,
around 30%–50%. So they are not often used for continuous transmission of high
power, but more often in intermittent positioning applications.

2.1.2 HOUSE JACK

A house jack, also called a screw jack is a mechanical device primarily used
to lift houses from their foundation. A series of jacks are used and then wood
cribbing temporarily supports the structure. This process is repeated until the
desired height is reached. The house jack can be used for jacking carrying beams
that have settled or for installing new structural beams.

Fig 2.1.2

6 
 
2.1.3 HYDRAULIC JACKS

Hydraulic jacks are typically used for shop work, rather than as an
emergency jack to be carried with the vehicle. Use of jacks not designed for a
specific vehicle requires more than the usual care in selecting ground conditions,
the jacking point on the vehicle, and to ensure stability when the jack is extended.
Hydraulic jacks are often used to lift elevators in low and medium rise buildings.

Fig 2.1.3

A hydraulic jack uses a fluid, which is incompressible, that is forced into a

cylinder by a pump plunger. Oil is used since it is self-lubricating and stable. When
the plunger pulls back, it draws oil out of the reservoir through a suction check
valve into the pump chamber. When the plunger moves forward, it pushes the oil
through a discharge check valve into the cylinder. The suction valve ball is within
the chamber and opens with each draw of the plunger. The discharge valve ball is
outside the chamber and opens when the oil is pushed into the cylinder. At this
point the suction ball within the chamber is forced shut and oil pressure builds in
the cylinder.

7 
 
2.1.4 PNEUMATIC JACK

A pneumatic jack is a hydraulic jack that is actuated by compressed air. For

example, air from a compressor instead of human work. This eliminates the need
for the user to actuate the hydraulic mechanism, saving effort and potentially
increasing speed. Sometimes, such jacks are also able to be operated by the normal
hydraulic actuation method, thereby retaining functionality, even if a source of
compressed air is not available.

Fig 2.1.4

2.1.5 STRAND JACK

A strand jack is a specialized hydraulic jack that grips steel cables; often
used in concert, strand jacks can lift hundreds of tons and are used in engineering
and construction.

8 
 
2.1.6 FARM JACK

The  farm  jack  is  characterized  by  rugged,  simple  construction.  It  comprises 
a steel beam  with  a  series  of  equally  spaced  holes  along  its  length,  and  a  hand 
operated mechanism which can be moved from one end of the beam to the other 
through  the  use  of  a  pair  of  climbing  pins.  Typical  sizes  for  the  farm  jack  are  4 
feet, 5 feet and 6 feet, the size referring to the length of the beam.

Fig 2.1.6

The jack's versatility stems from the fact that it can be used for such
applications as lifting, winching, clamping, pulling and pushing. It is this
versatility, along with the long travel it offers and its relative portability, which
make the farm jack so popular with off road drivers.

9 
 
2.1.7 BOTTLE JACK

A bottle jack or whiskey jackis a hydraulic jack which resembles a bottle in

shape, having a cylindrical body and a neck, from which the hydraulic
ramemerges. They have a capacity of up to 50 tons and may be used to lift a
variety ofobjects. Typical uses include the repair of automobiles and house
foundations. Larger, heavy-duty models may be known as a barrel jack.

This type of jack is best used for short vertical lifts. Blocks may be used to
repeat the operation when a greater amount of elevation is required.

2.1.8 KING DICK JACK

Place this jack under the front suspension this is the KING DICK screw
jack. This model is commonly called the "bow tie" or "hour glass" jack because of
the shape of the base. It has a three-piece handle similar to theor rear axle, and a
two stage screw will lift the car several inches.

Fig 2.1.8

10 
 
2.1.9 SCISSOR JACK

A Scissor screw jack or a Scissor Jackscrew is operated by turning a lead

screw. The height of the jack is adjusted by turning the lead screw. This can be
done either manually or by integrating an electric motor with it. This integration is
our project.

11 
 
 3.PROJECT PROFILE

My project is about the automation of scissor cut screw jack. Here we use 12volt
DC motor to overcome the manual effort, which rotates in 60rpm. This DC motor
is coupled to the screw jack with designed work piece using bolt & nut. The screw
jack is fixed to the base plate to attain equilibrium. Two vertical columnsare
welded on the base stand to avoid the rotation of the DC motor.

12 
 
4.PARTS OF SCREW JACK:

 Frame 
 Power screw 
 Rivets  
 Coupling nut 
 Crank 

4.1 Frame:
The entire frame of the scissor jack consists of links(top and bottom), 
base frame, support frame. The frame is manufactured by sheet metal 
processes and forming by low‐medium carbon steel. 

BASE FRAME

13 
 
 BOTTOM LINK

4.2 Rivets:
A rivet is a permanent mechanical fastener. Before being installed a 
rivet consists of a smooth cylindrical shaft with a head on one end. The 
end opposite the head is called the buck‐tail. On installation the rivet is 
placed in a punched or pre‐drilled hole, and the tail is upset, or bucked 
(i.e. deformed), so that it expands to about 1.5 times the original shaft 
diameter, holding the rivet in place. To distinguish between the two 
ends of the rivet, the original head is called the factory head and the 
deformed end is called the shop head or buck‐tail. 

14 
 
 BOTTOM RIVET

LINK REVET

15 
 
 4.3 Power screw: 

Power  screws  are  used  to  convert  rotary  motion  in  to  translational 
motion. It is also called translational screw. They find use in machines 
such as universal tensile testing machines,  
machine  tools,  automotive  jacks,  vises;  aircraft  flap  extenders,  trench 
braces,  linear  actuators,  adjustable  floor  posts,  micrometers,  and  C‐
clamps.    A  screw  thread  is  formed  by  cutting  a  continuous  helical 
groove  around  the  cylinder.  These  grooves  are  cut  either  left  hand  or 
right hand. 
 
The  majority  of  screws  are  tightened  by  clockwise  rotation,  which  is 
termed a right‐hand thread. Screws with left‐hand threads are used in 
exceptional cases. For example, anticlockwise forces are applied to the 
screw  (which  would  work  to  undo  a  right‐hand  thread),  a  left‐hand‐
threaded screw would be an appropriate choice. 
 
Power  screws  are  typically  made  from  carbon  steel,  alloy  steel,  or 
stainless  steel  and  they  are  usually  used  with  bronze,  plastic,  or  steel 
mating  nuts.  Bronze  and  plastic  nuts  are  popular  for  higher  duty 
applications and they provide low coefficients of friction for minimizing 
drive torques. 
 
There are important terms and figures that need to be understood 
before designing power screws: 
1. Pitch: is the distance from a point on one thread to the 
corresponding thread on the 
next adjacent thread, measured parallel to the axial plane. 
2. Lead: is the distance the screw would advance relative to the nut in 
one rotation. For 
single thread screw, lead is equal to pitch. 
3. Helix Angle: is related to the lead and the mean radius by the 
equation below; 

16 
 
  
 
Basics of power screws

Power  screws  provide  a  compact  means  for  transmitting  motion  and 
power.  They  are  ideal  for  replacing  hydraulic  and  pneumatic  drive 
systems  as  they  require  no  compressors,  pumps,  piping,  filters,  tanks, 
valves  or  any  other  support  items  required  by  these  systems.  Also, 
screws  don't  leak  so  there  are  no  problems  with  seals  which  are  so 
common to hydraulic and pneumatic systems. And, screw systems are 
quiet running ‐ no noisy compressors, pumps or exhaust valves. Screw 
systems are simple, reliable and easy to utilize. 
 
 
 

17 
 
Power screw motions

There are four distinct motion converting actions that can be produced 
by  power  screws  and  nuts.  The  two  most  common  involve  torque 
conversion to thrust. In Figure 1, the screw is rotated (torqued) and the 
nut moves linearly producing thrust or the nut is rotated (torqued) and 
the screw moves linearly. The two less common motions involve thrust 
conversion  to  torque.  In  Figure  2,  the  nut  undergoes  a  linear  force 
(thrust)  and  the  screw  rotates  or  the  screw  undergoes  a  linear  force 
(thrust) and the nut rotates. These two motions are commonly referred 
to as "back driving", "overhauling", or, improperly, "reversing". 

 
 
                                Fig1.                                                              Fig2. 
 
Types of power screws
 
  There are 3 types of screw threads used in power screws: 
 
1. Square threads: 
 Is used for power transmission in either direction 
 Results in maximum efficiency and minimum 
 It is employed in screw jacks and clamps 
 
2. Acme threads: 
 It is a modification of square thread 
 Efficiency is lower than square threads 
 The slope increases the area for shear 
 It is easily manufactured 
18 
 
 
3. Buttress Thread: 
 It is used when large forces act along the screw axis in one 
direction only. 
 It has higher efficiency like square threads and ease of cutting like 
acme threads. 
 It is the strongest thread of all 
 It has limited use of power transmission 

SCREW SHAFT

19 
 
 TOP LINK

3D VIEW OF SCREW JACK

20 
 
2D VIIEW OF SCREW JACK 

21 
 
 5. DC MOTOR(permanent magnet)

An electric motor is a machine which converts electrical energy to mechanical

energy. Its action is based on the principle that when a current-carrying conductor
is placed in a magnetic field, it experiences a magnetic force whose direction is
given by Fleming’s left hand rule. When a motor is in operation, it develops
torque. This torque can produce mechanical rotation. DC motors are also like
generators classified into shunt wound or series woundor compound wound
motors.

22 
 
6. DESIGN DETAILS

SCREW JACK:

Jack height (at rest)=90mm

Maximum height=280mm

MOTOR:

Voltage =12 VOLT

Speed=60rpm

BASE PLATE:

Dimension =360 70mm

Thickness =3mm

23 
 
6.1 DESIGN CALCULATION

Pitch,p 2.5mm

Jack major radius, 6mm

Co-efficient,µ 0.3

Jack minor dia, 10 mm

Jack minor radius, 5 mm

Load, 14.715

2.5
10
0.079

μ 0.3

0.3

0.079 0.3
1 0.079 0.3

0.379
0.9763
0.3887
24 
 
 2
10
14.715 0.3887
2 6

4.766

7.WORKING:

The automatic car jack basically work on the conservation of

the motion .The automatic car jack converts the rotary motion in to translatory
motion .The car jack is operated by turning the lead screw with the motor
mechanism which eliminates the requirement of the human labour to rotate the
lead screw. The motor is driven by the 12V battery which is generally the battery
in car itself.

25 
 
 8.COST ESTIMATION

S.NO MATERIAL QUANTITY AMOUNT IN

1 Jockey with 1no

lever
350/-

2 12V DC 1no
motor(60rpm)
1050/-

3 Base plate 1+2

and
1000/- 
supporting
column

4 coupling 1no 1000/- 

5 Welding and 500/- 

painting

TOTAL 3900/- 

26 
 
9.ADVANTAGES

1. The loaded light vehicles can be easily lifted.

2. Checking and cleaning are easy, because the main parts are screwed.

3. Handling is easy.

4. No Manual power required.

5. Easy to Repair.

6. Replacement of parts are easy.

10.DISADVANTAGES

1. Cost of the equipment is high when compared to ordinary hand jack.

2. Care must be taken for the handling of the equipment such as proper wiring
connection, battery charging checkup, etc.

27 
 
11.CONCLUSION

The concept involved is normal one but the execution of this project had
thrown more light on the future of body building for trucks.

We had used a mechanical screw jack in our project. The same principle
can be used and extended with hydraulic system in future. It can be developed for
building a real size system which can be easily conceited and fabricated to our
requirements.

By doing this project we gain the knowledge about screw jack and
mechanical function. We had successfully completed the project work using the
mechanical system.

28 
 
12.REFERENCE:

Materials and heat treatment by O.P. Khanna 

Design of machine elements by Khurmi 

Strength of materials by R.K. Rajput 

A  textbook  of  machine  design  by  P.C.Sharma  and  D.K.Agarwal, 

S.K.Kataria and sons, 2006.

29