Chapter 1: MATTER

Week 1
Lesson 1 : Physical Properties of Matter

Duration: 3 days

I. Objective: Identify the physical properties of matter.

Describe the physical properties of matter.

II. A. Materials: glass, rock, metal spoon, paper clip, rubber band, copper wire
aluminum bottle cap
B. References: Curriculum Guide 5
Evelyn Enriquez-Arcano et al. Breaking Through Science 5
C & E Publishing Inc.
Norma Abracia et. Al Science in Our World 5
Vibal Publishing Inc.
C. Process Skills: observing, describing, classifying
D. Value Integration: Appreciate the bountiful materials around us.

III. Learning Tasks:

A. Engagement:
1. Show the pupils a piece of wooden stick and a rubber band.
2. Stretch the rubber band to double its regular size. Try stretching the
stick in the same manner. Ask: “ Why you can stretch the rubber band
but not the stick?” ( answers vary) ( The rubber band is elastic but the
stick is not.)
3. Bend the stick so that it breaks into two. Try bending the rubber band
In the same manner. Ask: “ Why the stick breaks but not the rubber
band? ( answers vary) ( The stick is brittle but the rubber band is not.)
4. Explain the elasticity and brittleness are two of the physical properties
of matter.

B. Exploration:
1. Divide the class into three groups.
2. Set norms to follow during group activity.
3. Have each group put out the materials assigned to them to bring.
4. Instruct the pupils to do the activity.
5. Go around and inspect what the pupils are doing. Ask or answer question
if necessary.

Activity 1.

Materials: glass, rock, metal spoon, paper clip, rubber band, copper wire,
aluminum bottle cap
What to do:
1. Observe carefully the different objects you have
 2. Describe the characteristics of each object by filling in the table
below. ( Put a check)

Observation

Object Physical Properties of Matter

Hardness Brittle Flexibility Elasticity Conductivity Mallea Ductility
ness bility
Glass
Rock
Metal
spoon
Rubber
band
Paper
clip
Bottle
cap
Copper
wire

C. Explanation:
1. Ask each group to present the results of their activity and answer to the
guide questions.
2. What are the physical properties of matter?
3. Ask: “ What will happen if we throw the glass?” ( It will break.) What
physical property is shown? ( brittleness)
4. Press the rock. Is it hard or soft? (hard) What physical property is shown?
( hardness)
5. If I’m going to put this metal spoon in the socket, will the electricity pass
through? (yes). Metals conduct electricity. What physical property is
shown? ( conductivity )
6. Stretch the rubber band. Does it break (No). Why? ( because the rubber
band is elastic.). What physical property is shown? ( elasticity )
7. Straighten the paper clip then bend it to the different directions. Does it
break? (No). Some metals and plastics are flexible. What physical
property is shown? ( flexibility )
8. Pound the bottle cap using a hammer until it flattened. Aluminum is
malleable that hammered into flat sheet. What physical property is shown?
( malleability ).
 D. Elaboration:
Background Information
The properties of matter can be classified as physical properties and
chemical properties.
Physical Properties
A characteristic of a material that can be readily observed without
changing its composition is known as physical property.
Hardness – is the ability of a material to be rigid and resist pressure that
may cause a change in its shape.
Brittleness – is the ability of the material to breal easily.
Flexibility – is the ability of a material to be bent without breaking.
Elasticity – is the ability of a material to be stretched and then return to its
original shape after.
Conductivity- is the ability to let heat and electricity to pass through.
Malleability – is the ability of materials to be hammered into flat sheets.
Ductility – is the ability to be drawn into thin wires.
1. What are the physical properties of matter?
2. Describe each property.

E. Evaluation:
Match the items in Column A with the items in Column B. Write the letter
of the correct answer on the blank.

Definition(A) Properties of Matter(B)

_______1. ability to let heat and electricity a. Brittleness

to pass through.
_______2. ability to stretched and return to b. Ductility
its original shape.
_______3. ability to break easily. c. Conductivity
_______4. ability to bend without breaking. d. Elasticity
_______5. ability to be drawn into thin wires. e. Flexibility
f. Hardness

IV. Assignment:
Name 5 materials found in your community and write their physical properties.
 Chapter 1: MATTER
Week 1
Lesson 2 : Chemical Properties of Matter

Duration: 2 days

I. Identify the chemical properties of matter.

Describe the chemical properties of matter.
II. A. Materials: dried leaves, plastic, metal spoon, small piece of wood,
steel wool, rubber band, styrofoam, cloth, nail, apple, alcohol
B. References: Norma Abracia et. al Science in Our World 5
Vibal Publishing Inc.
Evelyn Enriquez-Arcano et al. Breaking Through Science 5
C & E Publishing Inc.
Peralta – Peralta Real Science 5
Abiva Publishing House Inc.
C. Process Skills: Observing, predicting, classifying, describing
D. Value Integration: Sharing the bountiful materials around us with
others for greater joy.
III. Learning Tasks:
A. Engagement

1. Review about the physical properties of matter.

2. Show a paper and a leaf. Which will burn easily?
3. Show a plastic and a banana. Which will decay easily?
4. Give other examples of materials that will burn easily, decay easily.
B. Exploration

Individual Activity ( written in a manila paper )

1. Let us guess the hidden word.

2. What letter comes before the following?
___D___P___N___C___V___T___U___J___C___J___M
___J___U___Z
Write the word that you have formed.

3. What letter comes after the following?

A___H___N___C___D___F___Q___Z___A___K___D___
Write the word that you have formed?
______________________________________________________

Group Activity

1. Divide the class into four groups.

2. Set norms to follow during group activities.
 3. Have each group bring out the materials.
4. Instruct the pupils to do the activity.
5. Go around and inspect what the pupils are doing.

Materials: dried leaves, plastic, metal spoon, small piece of wood, steel
wool, rubber band, Styrofoam, cloth, nail, apple

What to Do
1. Observe carefully the different objects stated below.
2. Check the box that corresponds to the characteristic of each object. You may
check two or more boxes.

Observation

Object Burns Easily Decays Easily Rusts Easily

Dried leaves
Plastic
Metal spoon
Small piece of
wood
Steel wool
Rubber band
Styrofoam
Cloth
Nail
apple
alcohol

C. Explanation
1. Ask each group to present the results of their activity.
2. What are the materials that burn easily?
(These materials have the ability to burn to ignite or catch
fire easily.)
3. What are the materials that decay easily?
(These materials have the ability to decompose or decay through
the action of bacteria and other living organisms.
4. What are the materials that rust easily?
(These materials have the ability to change in the composition like
color and form.)
 D. Elaboration

Background Information
Not all properties of materials can be observed readily. Sometimes, the
composition of a material has to change first before a certain property can be
observed. This property is known as
chemical property.
A chemical property is most evident when a certain material reacts with
another material chemically.
Below are some of the chemical properties of materials.
Combustibility and Flammability
Combustibility is the ability of a material to burn, while flammability is the
ability of a material to ignite or catch fire easily.

Alcohol is an example of a combustible material. It burns when it reacts with a

lighted matchstick, which is a source of fire. Other examples of combustible
materials are wood, sawdust, dried leaves, paper, wax, gasoline, kerosene, oil,
thinner and varnish.
Biodegradability is the ability of the material to easily decompose.
Examples of biodegradable materials are kitchen refuse such as fruit and
vegetable peelings, plant clippings, and dead plants and animals.
Reactivity is the ability of matter to change in composition as manifested by
changes in its physical properties such as its color and form. Example when a nail
gets wet it becomes rusty.

Ask: “ What are the chemical properties of matter?”

Describe each property.
E. Evaluation
A. Encircle the letter of the best answer.
1. Which of the following is the ability of the material to easily
decompose?
a. Combustibility c. Reactivity
b. Biodegradability d. Flammability
2. Which will catch fire easily?
a. Cloth c. Paper
b. Wood d. Vegetable peelings
3. A rusty nail is an example of ____________.
a. Combustibility c. Biodegradability
b. Flammability d. Reactivity
B. Give other examples (materials) of chemical properties of matter. (
5)

IV. Assignment
Describe the chemical properties of matter.
 Chapter 1: MATTER
Week 2
Lesson 3: Useful and Harmful Materials
Duration: 2 days

I. Objective:
Distinguish between useful and harmful materials.

II. A. Materials: materials found in the classroom

B .References: Peralta-Peralta, Real Life Science 5
Abiva Publishing House Inc.
The New Science Links Worktext in Science
And Technology 5
Rex Bookstore Inc.
C. Process Skills: observing, classifying
D. Value Integration: Knowing which materials are useful helps
minimize waste.
III. Learning Tasks:
A. Engagement
1. Review about the chemical properties of matter.
2. Show pictures and ask the pupils if they are useful or
harmful.

B. Exploration
1. Individual activity
2. Set norms when doing an activity.
3. Look around the classroom. List 20 materials that you can see.
4. Classify whether these materials are useful or harmful.
5. Make a table like this:

Useful Materials Harmful Materials

C. Explanation
1. Answer the activity.
2. What are the materials that you found useful? ( answers vary)
Why do you think these materials are useful?
3. What are the materials that you found harmful? ( answers vary)
Why do you think these materials are harmful?
4. What properties are used with these materials?

D. Elaboration

Background Information
A material’s properties can help you determine if the object is useful or
harmful. Knowing about these properties can help you handle the material
correctly.

Useful Materials

Among the materials that are very useful to people are metals, plastics,
wood and textiles.
Metal is strong, hard and shiny material that can br formed into different shapes
and an excellent conductor of heat and electricity.
It is commonly used to make coins, kitchenware, containers, car parts and wires.
Plastic is a material that is made from various chemicals. When heated, it can be
molded into different shapes.
Wood is a material that is produced from trees. It is hard, flexible, and long-
lasting and these qualities make wood an all-around material.
Textile is made from either natural or human-made fibers that have been woven
together and are used to make a variety of items such as clothes, bags, carpets,
rags and others.

Harmful Materials

Some materials that people use everyday can be harmful when they are
used improperly. Some materials can cause injuries.
Others can be corrosive, flammable or explosive, poisonous, or reactive.
Corrosive materials can damage or destroy the outer layer of other materials.
Muriatic acid is a corrosive material that is very useful in removing stains from
tiles. However, when applied on metals, it corrodes the metal. It could easily
burn a person’s skin.
Flammable materials can easily catch fire when exposed to heat.
Explosive materials are those substances that contain a lot of energy.
Poisonous or toxic materials can cause sickness or death when they are
swallowed, inhaled, or absorbed through the skin.
Reactive materials cause a chemical reaction when they are mixed with other
substances.

Ask: What are some of the useful materials?

Give examples of these materials.
What are some of the harmful materials?
Give examples of these materials.
 E. Evaluation
Determine if the underlined material in each sentence is described
as useful or harmful. Write the correct answer on the line.

____________1. Diamonds embedded in drills are used to cut glass in large

factories.
____________2. When stored in hot areas, can of hair spray can cause
explosion.
____________3. Shiny metal objects placed in front part of a jeepney can reflect
light and distract oncoming drivers.
_____________4. The rubber that is used to cover an electric wire protects not
only the wire but also those handling the wire.
_____________5. Bleach helps remove stains and grimes in sinks.

IV. Assignment

Briefly answer each question.

1. Flammable materials like kerosene for gas lamps are commonly
found in homes. How should these be stored to prevent accidental
fires?

2. Architect Mark was tasked to build a three-storey house. In

choosing the materials he will use for the house’s foundation, what
properties of the materials should he consider? Why?
 Chapter 1: MATTER
Week 2
Lesson 4: Useful and Harmful Materials

Duration: 3 days

I. Objective
Use the properties of materials whether they are useful
or harmful.

II. A. Materials :pictures different materials whether useful or

harmful.
B. References: Peralta-Peralta, Real Life Science 5
Abiva Publishing House Inc.
The New Science Links Worktext in Science
and Technology 5
Rex Bookstore Inc.
Norma Abracia et al Science in Our World 5
Vibal Publishing Inc.
C. Science Processes: observing, describing, classifying
D. Value Integration: Using/disposing materials properly can
improve our lives.
III. Learning Tasks
A. Engagement
1. Review- Give examples of useful and harmful
materials.
2. Show different materials and ask if these are useful
or harmful.

B. Exploration
A. Advance Preparation( to be done a day before the
Science class )
1. Prepare the necessary materials needed for the
activity.
2. Prepare the following working stations inside the
classroom.
Station 1 – Kitchen
Station 2 - Bathroom
Station 3 – Living Room
3. Place the materials belongs to the different stations.
 B. 1. Group the pupils into three.
2. Assign each group to the different stations
3. Work on their stations by classifying the materials
whether they are useful or harmful.
4. Remind the pupils to take necessary precaution
in handling the materials.
5. Go around and check the pupils in their work.
6. Remind the pupils that they will be presenting
their outputs after 15 minutes.

C. Explanation
1. Ask the pupils to present their output.
2. How did you find the activity?
3. What are the useful materials found in the
kitchen? bathroom? living room?
4. What are the harmful materials found in the
kitchen? bathroom? living room?
5. When do we say that a material is useful?
6. When do we say that a material is a waste?
7. When do we say that a material is harmful?

D. Elaboration

Background Information
In order for us to minimize waste in our household, we have to know which materials are still
useful and which ones should already disposed of or will harmed us.
Before throwing any material, we must first check if it can cause harm to living things and the
environment.
The usability of a certain material depends on its properties. There are materials that are
made to last long and therefore can be reused many times. There are also those not meant to
be reused, though they can be utilized to serve another purpose.
There are also materials that are made for certain purposes only and can be harmful when
not used or disposed of properly.
A material is considered useful when it serves its purpose or even beyond. For example,
bottles are made to contain any solid or liquid material. When they are already empty, they can
still use for other purposes. Whether a bottle is made of plastic or glass, it has certain property
that makes it reusable.
A material is considered a waste when it can no longer be used after it served its purpose.
A material is considered harmful when it can harm to people, animals and the environment.
Recognizing whether a material is useful or harmful helps us decide whether it is reusable or
should already be disposed of. Realizing that a material can still be reused for other purposes
helps us minimize wastes. Also, knowing which materials are harmful helps us to be more
careful when disposing them.

Ask: When is a material useful? considered waste?

harmful?
 What is the purpose of knowing the
usefulness and harmfulness of materials?

E. Evaluation

Complete the table by checking if it the

material is useful or harmful and give the
reason why?

Material Useful Harmful Reason Why?

Empty bottles
Pesticide spray
Used battery
Garbage
Old newspapers

IV. Assignment

Look at the materials that have been stored in your house

Or those which are about to be disposed of. What materials
are still useful? What materials do you consider as waste?
List under the first column the useful materials, and on the
second column the waste materials.
For those considered as waste, which of them must be
disposed of with extra care. Highlight them with colored
marker then show your list to your parents.

Reusable Materials Waste Materials

Prepared by:
JANET G. ALVENDIA
Master Teacher II
San Miguel Elementary School
Magalang North District