Q) 1. Which of the following cancer is
Pre-term births are on of the causes
infectious in origin ?
a) Papilloma
b) Carcinoma of lung
c) Carcinoma of cervix T
d) ovarian carcinoma
e) Mesothelioma
Q) 2. Concerning family planning the
currently married couple where the wife
is in the reproductive age ?
a) Desired couple
b) Eligible couple
c) Target couple
d) Eligible population T
e) Target population
Q) 3. All of the following are the
advantages of breast feeding, Except ?
a) Promotes bonding between mother
and child
b) Meets nutritional requirement of new
borne
c) Not advised during diarrheal episodes
in infants T
d) safe and clean
e) Easily digestible
Q) 4. A researcher wants to be conduct a
randomized controlled trial. Which of the
following should be the first step to
conduct this type of study ?
a) Obtaining data on exposure
b) Selection of comparison groups
c) Collection of data
d) Drawing up of protocol T
e) Follow up
Q) 5.
of low birth weight babies. The pre-term
babies are those who are born before ?
a) 42 weeks of gestation
b) 39 weeks of gestation
c) 37 weeks of gestationT
d) 38 weeks of gestation
e) 40 weeks of gestation
Q) 6. One of the characteristic feature of
normal distribution curve is that it is ?
a) Skewed to right
b) Symmetrical T
c) Skewed to left
d) Bimodal
e) Linear
Q) 7. Concerned control of diabetes
mellitus , which of the following
statement is correct ?
a) Environmental factor play no role in its
control
b) Urine examination as screening test
gives reliable results
c) Measurement of glycosylated
haemoglobin is reliable for diagnosing
newly established diabetes mellitus
d) There is a Pressing for its primordial
prevention T
e) Self-care is the tertiary level of
prevention
Q) 8. Which of the following is modifiable
risk factor for hypertension ?
a) Age
b) Gender
c) Genetic factor
d) Ethnicity
e) High cholesterol diet T
Q) 9. "The rule of halves" is applied in ?
a) Malnutrition
b) Carcinoma-lung
c) Hypertension T
d) Ca-Cervix
e) Blindness
Q) 10. Regarding chronic non-
communicable diseases, the major gap in
the knowledge of natural history is ?
a) Short latent period
b) Absence of a known agent T
c) Infectious in origin
d) No residual effect
e) Availability of cost effective treatment
Q) 11. A young couple has two daughters,
the youngest one is three months old & is
on breast feeding. The couple wants to
adopt a temporary method of family
planning. Which of the following method
is best suited for this couple ?
a) Oral Contraceptive pills
b) Injectable contraceptives T
c) Calendar method
d) Intrauterine contraceptive device
e) No need of contraception as women is
breast feeding her baby
Q) 12. A country's population pyramid is
broad base. Which health program this
country needs on an emergency basis ?
a) Family planning program T
b) Nutrition supplementation program
c) Vitamin A supplementation program
d) Infection control program
e) Tetanus toxoid program for women at
child bearing age
Q) 13. The memory bias is a peculiar
problem of which type of study design ?
a) Case report
b) Case series
c) Cohort study
d) Case control study T
e) Randomized control trials
Q) 14. The IMNCI guideline booklet has
some color+codes. Which of the following
color depicts danger signs in the child ?
a) Blue
b) Yellow
c) White
d) Pink T
e) Green
Q) 15. Which of following is continuous
(quantitative) variable ?
a) Socio-economic status
b) Haemoglobin level T
c) Educational status
d) Occupation
e) Identity card number
Q) 16. Regarding Scope of medical
demography, which of the following is an
Exception ?
a) To find out size of a population
b) To find out its composition
c) To calculate incidence of a disease T
d) To calculate growth rate
e) To estimate health needs of a
population
Q) 17. In research, the first step of Q) 21. "Fitting the job to the worker" is
analysis is data entry in SPSS. This is done the simple definition of ?
by working in ?
a) Ergonomics T
a) Output view b) Pre-placement examination
b) Syntax view c) Worker's well being
c) Data view d) Periodic examination
d) Variable editor e) Industrial hygiene
e) Variable view T
Q) 22. "Family planning" refers to the
Q) 18. Food poisoning is example of ? practices that help individuals or couples
to attain the following objective ?
a) Common source, multiple exposure
epidemic a) To avoid maternal anaemia
b) Secular trends b) The reduce maternal mortality rate T
c) Periodic fluctuation c) To control transmission of trans
d) Common source, simple exposure placental infections
epidemic T d) To reduce infant mortality rate
e) Seasonal trends e) To reduce intervals between prognosis

Q) 19. Which of the following is not Q) 23. Regarding chronic non-

common geriatrics related issue ?
a) Economic dependence
b) Loneliness
c) Economic independence T
d) Psychological problems
e) Compromised cardiac functions
Q) 20. The qualitative research
questionnaire should contain ?
a) Open ended question T
b) Filter questions
c) Skip questions
d) Multiple questions
e) Close ended questions
communicable disease, the major gap in
the knowledge of natural history is due
to ?
a) No residual effect
b) Multi factorial causation T
c) Infectious in origin
d) Availability of cost effective treatment
e) short latent period
Q) 24. Sex ratio is defined as ?
a) The number of females per 100 males
b) The numbers of females per 500 males
c) The number of males par 1000 females
d) The numbers of females per 200 males
e) The numbers of males per 100 females
T
Q) 25. Use of un sterilized/ un safe Q) 29. Which of the following is best
injection to transmit following infection ? option to compute the magnitude of
health problem ?
a) Cholera
b) Whooping cough a) Cause specific mortality rate
c) Meningitis b) Prevalence rate T
d) Diphtheria c) Case fertility rate
e) Hepatitis C T d) Standardised mortality rate
e) Incidence rate

Q) 26. Which of the following is the Q) 30. According to integrated

measure of dispersion ? management of neonatal childhood
Illness, the children are classified under
a) Standard deviation T "pink row", are ?
b) Median
c) Arithmetic mean a) Referred directly
d) Geometric mean b) No treatment
e) Mode c) Managed at clinic
d) Given home treatment
Q) 27. Which of the following is the e) Referred after pre-referral treatment T
medical method of control of occupation
related health diseases ? Q) 31. The 0.2 to 0. 5 % annual rate of
growth of country is known as ?
a) Pre-placement examination T
b) Isolation a) Moderate growth
c) Substitution b) Slow growth T
d) Inertization c) Explosive growth
e) House keeping d) Rapid growth
e) Very rapid growth
Q) 28. Regarding various methods of
contraceptive which of the following is Q) 32. A researcher wants to have an
best method ? idea about the group of females who are
in more need of family planning
a) Depot formulation counselling. He should focus on which of
b) Condom the following fertility rate ?
c) Oral Contraceptive T
d) Tubal ligation a) Total fertility rate
e) Lippes' loop b) Age specific fertility rate T
c) Gross reproduction rate
d) General fertility rate
e) Net reproduction rate
Q) 33. The shape of population/ age
pyramide of a developed country will be ?
a) Narrow tip
b) Narrow base
c) Middle and tip board
d) Narrow base, middle part broad T
Q) 34. "Snow storm" appearance in X-ray
chest is sign of which disease ?
a) Silicosis T
b) Byssinosis
c) Bagssosis
d) Anthracosis
e) Asbctosis
Q) 35. During an epidemic, the first case
that is identified by an investigator /
epidemiologist is called ?
a) Primary case
b) Secondary case
c) Susceptible case
d) Immune compromised case
e) Index case T
Q) 36. The denominator of calculating
infant mortality rate is ?
a) Total number of women delivered in
hospitals
b) Total number of live births T
c) Average population
d) Total mid-year population
e) Total number of women at child
bearing age
Q) 37. Which of the following information
is best obtained from population
pyramided country ?
a) Total number of immigrants
b) Dependency ratio T
c) Total number of emigrants
d) Cause of high maternal mortality
e) Cause of high infant death
Q) 38. When the number of Doctors is
expressed in relation to the numbers of
patients present in a hospital, it is known
as ?
a) Ratio T
b) Frequency
c) Incidence
d) Proportion
e) Cumulative frequency
Q) 39. All of the following are the
advantages of breast feeding, Except ?
a) Safe and clean
b) Not advised during diarrheal episodes
in infants T
c) Meets nutritional requirements of new
borne
d) Easily digestible
e) Promotes bonding between mother
and child
Q) 40. Which of the following is
proximate determinant of fertility ?
a) Crude birth rate
b) Maternal mortality rate
c) Crude death rate
d) Female literacy rate
e) Contraceptive prevalence rate
Q) 41. Point prevalence is estimated from Q) 45. The population pyramid of a
? country having high fertility rate would
show following feature ?
a) case report
b) case series a) Broad apex
c) cross sectional study T b) Narrow apex
d) Longitudinal study c) Broad base
e) Migration study d) Narrow base T
e) None of above
Q) 42. Which one of the following is the
type of non probability sampling ? Q) 46. Medical demography is the study
of population with reference to its ?
a) Cluster sampling
b) Simple random sampling a) Size
c) Systemic sampling b) Distribution
d) Snow ball sampling T c) Composition
e) Stratified sampling d) Change
e) All of above T
Q) 43. A sub-set population is called ?
Q) 47. Which of the following mortality
a) Sample frame T rate accounts for highest share in infant
b) Sampling technique mortality rate ?
c) Sample size
d) Sample a) Still deaths
e) Sample fraction b) Neonatal mortality T
c) Abortions
Q) 44. Which of the following occupies d) Intrauterine deaths
the middle-most position in a sequenced e) Young infant mortality
data ?
Q) 48. Which of the following method of
a) Geometric mean contraception also gives protection
b) Logarithmic mean agains transmission of sexually
c) Arithmetic mean transmitted diseases?
d) Median T
e) Mode a) Lippes' loop
b) Copper-T
c) Hormonal contraceptive
d) Condom T
e) Tubal ligation
Q) 49. The most common side effect of Q) 53. Give the following date set, what’s
intrauterine contraceptive device is ? is the range ? 2,1,4,1,2,3,1

a) Bleeding T a) O
b) Pelvic pain b) 1
c) Pelvic infection c) 2
d) Uterine perforation d) 3 T
e) Expulsion e) 4

Q) 50. Which of the following is an Q) 54. Which of the following is the

example of first generation intrauterine characteristic of epidemic curve of
contraceptive device (IUCD) ? common source single exposure epidemic
?
a) Copper-T
b) Nova-T a) Very slow fall of curve
c) Lippes' loop T b) Bimodal peak
d) Multiload c) Rapid rising of curve T
e) Pogestasert d) Curve nerves touches the horizontal
line
Q) 51. The model of 'safe motherhood' e) Curve touches horizontal line & then
include all of the following, Except ? rises again

a) Family planning Q) 55. The simplest type of

b) Breast feeding to new born T epidemiological study design is ?
c) Ante-natal care
d) Clean & safe delivery a) Cross sectional study T
e) Emergency obstructed services b) Longitudinal study
c) Migration study
Q) 52. When the number of vaccinated d) Case control study
children is expressed as a percentage of e) Quasi experimental study
total children present in a community is
known as ? Q) 56. In which study "Odds Ratio" is
calculated ?
a) Proportion T
b) Incidence a) Clinical trials
c) Ratio b) Cohort study
d) Frequency c) Case control study T
e) Cumulative frequency d) Cross sectional study
e) Descriptive study
Q) 57. The simplest form of descriptive Q) 61. When investigating a point source
study is ? epidemic, its was found that 120 students
ate five different foods ( meat burgers,
a) Longitudinal study fried fish, steak and rice & fruit salad).
b) Case control study The relative risk was Calculated for all
c) Ecological study these five food items. It was concluded
d) Cohort study that fish was responsible for this
e) Cross sectional study T epidemic. The relative risk for fish is ?

Q) 58. The most effective & quickly a) 0.8

reversible contraceptive method is ? b) 2.4
c) 1.0
a) Combined oral pill T d) 0.9
b) Progesterone-only pill e) 0.6 T
c) Subcutaneous implant
d) High dose oestrogen pill Q) 62. The diseases to be screened should
e) Intrauterine contraceptive device (ICD) fulfil following criteria, Except ?

Q) 59. Calculate the mean of given a) The condition should be an important

values. 10,11,12,10,13,11,10 ? health problem
b) There should be an effective treatment
a) 8 available
b) 9 c) The natural history should be
c) 10 understood
d) 11 T d) These should be early asthmatic stage
e) 12 e) The disease must be associated with
Q) 60. Concerning sampling, which one of deformities T
the following is the most appropriate
technique ? Q) 63. The common side intrauterine
contraceptive (IUCD) is ?
a) Judgmental sampling
b) Systemic random sampling T a) Low back ache
c) Convenience Sampling b) Vaginal bleeding T
d) Snow-ball sampling c) Pelvic infection
e) Quota Sampling d) Uterine perforation
e) Hormonal imbalance
Q) 64. Which of the following is the most
important scope of a Family planning
program ?
a) advice on sterility
b) Genetic counselling
c) Proper spacing & limitation of births T
d) Carrying out pregnancy tests
e) Screening for HIV/ AIDS
Q) 65. If the growth of a country is 3%
/year its population will be doubled in ?
a) 140 years
b) 70 years
c) 35 years
d) 30 year T
Q) 66. Regarding statistical methods, the
information is directly obtained from an
individual, is called ?
a) Population data
c) statistical data
d) Official data
e) Primary data T
Q) 67. Regarding cross - sectional
epidemiological, which of the following
statement is correct ?
a) Simple form of observational study T
b) Known as incidence study
c) Mostly useful for chronic studies
d) Tell us about distribution of studies
Q) 68. Which of the following is fat
Soluble vitamin ?
a) Vitamin B
b) Vitamin B12
c) Vitamin D T
d) Vitamin B6
Q) 69. Regarding levels of prevention,
which of the following is the matched
pair ?
a) Primordial prevention ~ prevention of
emergence of risk factors in a country T
b) Primary prevention ~ Diagnosis of
diseases
c) Primary prevention ~ Treatment of
diseases
d) Secondary prevention ~ Rehabilitation
e) Tertiary prevention ~ Specific
protection
Q) 70. Bhopal Gas tragedy is an example
of ?
a) Slow epidemic
b) Continuous epidemic
c) Point source epidemic T
d) Propagated epidemic
e) An accident which did not warrant an
emergency
Q) 71. All of the following features are
true about cross-sectional study Except ?
a) Cause-effect relationship can be
established T
b) Follow up is not a feature of this study
c) All cases are seen at one point in time
d) More useful for chronic diseases
e) These are called prevalence studies
Q) 72. Descriptive Statistics include all of
the following Except ?
a) Data collection
b) Data organization
c) Data editing
d) Data Displaying
e) Data Analysis T
Q) 73. Regarding scales of measurement
the scale at the lowest position in ?
a) Nominal Scale T
b) Ordinal Scale
c) Internal Scale
d) Nominal and Ordinal Scale both
e) Ratio Scale
Q) 74. Which of the following variable is
measured on an Interval scale ?
a) Body Weight T
b) Blood Sugar level
c) Body temperature
d) Body mass index
e) Blood group
Q) 75. The incidence of diarrhoea may
reduced in a community by giving health
education is ?
a) Timely vaccination to infants
b) Maintenance of personal hygiene by
mothers / caretakers T
c) Improving dietary intake of infant
d) Advising for anti helminths for infants
76 - In a village of 1000 people 20 deaths
occurred during period of one year. This
is an example of ?
A) Crude death rate T
B) Infant mortality rate
C) Cause specific mortality rate
D) Disease specific mortality rate
E) Proportional mortality rate
77 - Which of the following is the health
care delivery indicator ?
A) Life expectancy
B) Doctor patient ratio T
C) Dependency ratio
D) Infant mortality rate
E) Bed occupancy rate
78 - A demographer wants to estimate
burden of disease in a village. The
simplest measure for this purpose will be
?
A) Proportional mortality rate
B) Infant mortality rate
C) Cause specific mortality rate
D) Maternal mortality rate
E) Case fatality rate
79 - The term 'disease prevalence' refers
to ?
A) New cases
B) Old cases
C) Current cases (Old and New cases) T
D) Cases which have recovered
E) Sub-clinical cases
80 - Regarding scales of measurement
the scale at the lowest position is ?
A) Nominal T
B) Ordinal
C) Internal
D) Nominal and ordinal scale both
81 - Which of the following is the most
ultimate aim of epidemiology ?
A) To describe the magnitude of disease
in human population
B) To eliminate the morbidity for
community
C) To provide data essential for planning
D) To promote the health and wellbeing
of the society as a whole T
82 - Which of the following is the most
important determinant of fertility ?
A) Fecundability
B) Spontaneous abortion
C) Prevalence of sterility
D) Contraceptive use
83 - Which of the following is the most
important Maternity Health service
indicators ?
A) Perinatal mortality rate
B) Life expectancy at birth
C) Neonatal mortality rate
D) Maternal mortality rate T
84 - Which of the following is least
concern with the indicators of health ?
A) Nutrition status
B) Treatment
C) Mortality indicators
D) Morbidity indicators
85 - Regarding cross-sectional
epidemiological study, which of the
following statement is correct ?
A) Simple form of observational study T
B) Known as incidence study
C) Mostly useful for chronic disease
D) Tells us about distribution of disease
86 - Regarding statistical methods, the
information that is directly obtained from
an individual, is called ?
A) Population data
B) Statistical data T
C) Official data
D) Primary data
87 - Which of the following blood lead
level is most likely associated with
appearance of the clinical features of
lead poisoning ?
A) 80 mu grams/100 ml
B) 70 mu grams/100 ml T
C) 60 mu grams/100 ml
D) 50 mu grams/100 ml
E) 40 mu grams/100 ml
88 - Regarding relationship between
incidence and prevalence which of the
following is the correct equation ?
A) Incidence= Prevalence x duration
B) Prevalence= Incidence x duration
C) Prevalence= Duration/ Incidence
D) Prevalence= Incidence/ Duration T
E) Duration= Prevalence x incidence
89 - Ergonomics is the branch of
occupational health that deals with ?
A) Chemicals
B) Pneumoconiosis
C) Industrial cancers
D) Man and machinery T
E) Industrial accidents
90 - Analytical study comprise of ?
A) Cross sectional studies and case
control studies
B) Case control studies and cohort studies
T B) Selection of comparison groups
C) Longitudinal studies and experimental
studies
D) Case control studies, cohort studies
and experimental studies
91 - Which type of bias most commonly
occurs in case control studies ?
A) Selection bias
B) Recall bias T
C) Berkisonian bias
D) Confounding bias
E) Reporting bias
92 - The first step in conducting a case
control study is ?
A) Matching
B) Measurement of exposure
C) Identification of cases
D) Identification of controls
E) Identification of cases and controls T
93 - A cohort study is conducted for
period of decades. It may encounter
which type of problem ?
A) Berkisonian bias
B) Confounding bias
C) Loss to follow up T
D) Selection bias
E) Recall bias
94 - Which of the following is NOT an
element of cohort study ?
A) Selection of study subjects
C) Obtaining data on exposure
D) Follow up
E) Treatment of study subjects T
95 - “Snow storm appearance” in the X-
ray chest is a sign of which disease ?
A) Anthrocosis
B) Bagasossis
C) Silicosis T
D) Asbestosis
96 - Regarding incidence rate, which of
the following statement is correct ?
A) It is reserved for new cases T
B) It can be estimated by cross sectional
study
C) It can help in estimating the total
population
D) It’s denominator is total mid- year
population
97 - Which of the following is the simplest 101 - Concerning occupation related
form of observational study ? cancers, which of the following is the
most commonly affected organ ?
A) Case control study
B) Cohort study A. Liver
C) Longitudinal study B. Lungs
D) Cross sectional study T C. Urinary bladder
D. Bones
98 - Which of the following is the E. Skin T
modifiable risk factor for chronic non
communicable diseases ? 102 - Which of the following is the
greatest source of environmental lead ?
A) Age
B) Gender A) Heavy industrialization
C) Blood group B) Excessive farming
D) Genetic factors C) Gasoline T
E) Stress T D) Use of neon sign boards
E) Effluent gases
99 - Which of the following is the
characteristic of chronic non 103 - Most common type of occupational
communicable diseases ? cancer involves which of the following
organ ?
A) They have short incubation period
B) They are temporary in nature A) Lungs
C) Their pathology is reversible B) Liver
D) They are multifactorial in origin T C) Skin T
E) They cannot be controlled by health D) Brain
education E) Lymph nodes

100 - The occupational disease of lungs 104 - Regarding prevention of

caused by inhalation of cotton dust is occupational disease, which of the
called ? following is the medical measure ?

A) ByssinossisT A) Substitution
B) Bagasossis B) Ergonomics T
C) Anthrocosis C) Mechanization
D) Asbestosis D) General ventilation
E) Silicosis E) Periodical examination
105 - Which of the following most 110 - Regarding tetanus, which of the
commonly occurs in rural environment ? following statement is correct ?

A) Road traffic accidents A) Agricultural workers are at risk to this

B) Lead poisoning infection T
C) Coronary heart diseases B) Immunity against this infection is
D) Lung cancers possible without vaccination
E) Snake bite T C) Herd immunity plays a major role
against it
106 - Tetanus toxoid vaccination is D) Tetanus toxoid induces passive
recommended after following events immunity against it
except ?
111 - The Incidence rate refers to which
A) Injuries T of the following cases of the disease ?
B) Snake bite
C) Dog bite A) New cases T
D) Abortion B) Old cases
E) Road traffic accident C) Chronic cases
D) Carriers
107 - Regarding management of case of E) Latent cases
snake bite, which of the following is the
specific ? 112 - Which of the following is the
simplest mortality rate ?
A) Advising the victim to be in rest for 24
hours A) Standardized mortality rate
B) Giving analgesics B) Crude death rate T
C) Administering anti-snake venom T C) Age-specific death rate
D) Blood transfusion D) Sex-specific death rate
E) Disease specific death rate
108 - Which of the following is the basic
parameter of central tendency ? 113 - The basic approach in Epidemiology
is ?
A) Mean T
B) Range A) Collecting morbidity data
C) Median B) Collecting mortality data
D) Mode C) Calculating mortality rates
109 - Studies in which observation are D) Comparing data T
repeated over time in the same
population as follow up examination are
called ?
A) Retrospective studies
B) Longitudinal studies T
C) Cross sectional studies
114 - Which of the following is the
simplest form of observational study ?
A) Case control study
B) Cohort study
C) Longitudinal study
D) Cross sectional study T
115 - Epidemiology provide important
information regarding following aspects
except ?
A) Disease frequency
B) Impact of disease T
C) Determination of disease
D) Distribution of disease
116 - Which of the following measure is
called the Basic parameter of central
tendency ?
A) Geometric mean
B) Mode
C) Median
D) Hormonic mean
E) Arithmetic mean T
117 - The memory bias is a peculiar
problem of which type of study design ?
A) Case report
B) Case series
C) Cohort study
D) Case control study T
E) Randomized control trials
118 - A researcher wants to conduct a
randomized control trial. Which of the
following should be the first step to
conduct this type of study ?
A) Collection of data
B) Drawing up of protocol T
C) Selection of comparison groups
D) Follow up
E) Obtaining of data on exposure
119 - Which of the following is the best
indicator of severity of an acute
infectious disease of short duration ?
A) Standardized mortality rate
B) Case fatality rate T
C) Crude death rate
D) Cause specific mortality rate
E) Proportional mortality rate
120 - Point prevalence is estimated from
?
A) Case report
B) Case series
C) Longitudinal study
D) Cross sectional study T
E) Migration studies
121 - Which of the following is the best
option to estimate the magnitude of
health/disease problem in community ?
A) Incidence rate
B) Prevalence rate T
C) Case fatality rate
D) Standardized mortality rate
E) Cause specific mortality rate
122 - The occupational disease of lungs 126 - According to a study conducted by
caused by the inhalation of sugar cane WHO the incidence of polio in Sindh
dust is called ? province having a total population of 20
million was 1 during the year 2007, which
A) Byssinossis type of study was this :
B) BagasossisT
C) Anthracosis a. Case report
D) Asbestosis B. Cross sectional
E) Silicosis c. Case control
d. Cohort T
123 - The occupational disease of lungs e. Ecological
caused by inhalation of cotton dust is
called ? 127 - If a researcher wants to study
precedence relationship between the
A) ByssinossisT exposure and effect, which design should
B) Bagasossis he prefer ?
C) Anthrocosis
D) Asbestosis a. Descriptive survey
E) Silicosis B. Ecological survey
c. Case series
124 - An expert in the field of public d. Cross sectional
health is required to estimate the e. Cohort T
magnitude of a health problem. Which
rate would he calculate for this ? 128 - A 35 years old woman was brought
to hospital with toxic shock syndrome.
a. Incidence She was using some method of
b. Prevalence T contraception. The method of
c. Case fatality contraception which had likely lead to
d. Proportionate mortality this condition is :
e. Cause specific mortality
a. Condom
125 - Patients admitted for carcinoma of b. Diaphragm T
the stomach are age and sex-matched, c. Vaginal douching
with smoking history to assess the d. Oral pills
possible association. Which option e. Norplant
explains the given example ?

a. Case series report

b. Case-control study T
c. Clinical trial
d. Cohort study
e. Case report
129 - A nulliparous woman is presented 133 - The extent to which a test measures
in the OPD with severe bleeding after what it was originally designed to
taking some contraceptive metho The measure is described as :
gynecologist mimetically assessed that
cause of bleeding was : A. Sensitivity
B. Specificity
A. Copper T C. Validity T
B. Oral contraceptive D. Reliability
C. lippe's loop T E. True-positive value
D. Norplant
E. vaginal sponge 134 - Accuracy of the screening test will
depend upon :
130 - An industrial worker reported to
you with complaints of cough, history of A. Validity T
dyspnoea on exertion and pain in the B. Systemic error
chest. His X-ray chest showed snow storm C. Reliability
appearanc The diagnosis would be : D. Random error
E. Precision
A. Asbestosis
B. Siderosis 135 - A pap smear and colposcopic
C. Silicosis T examination for the early detection of
D. Aspergillosis cervical cancer and papilloma virus
E. Byssinossis infection constitute :

131 - The commonest physical health A. Primary prevention

hazard in most industries is : B. Secondary prevention T
C. Tertiary prevention
A. Heat T D. Medical treatment
B. Noise E. Surgical treatment
C. Humidity
D. Ionizing radiation 136 - The median of the following data,
E. Light is: 1,2,4,6,8,10,11,13 :

132 - A pottery industry worker A. 6

developed symptoms of tuberculosis. The B. 8
likely condition which resulted in C. 7 T
tuberculosis was : D. 10
E. 9
A. Anthracosis
B. Asbestosis T
C. Begassosis
D. Silicosis
E. Byssinosis
137 - For a survey, a village is divided into 141 - The prevalence of disease can be
5 lanes, each lane is sampled randomly. It obtained from :
is an example of :
A. Longitudinal study
A. Simple random sampling B. Case control study
B. Standard random sampling C. Cross sectional study T
C. Systematic random sampling D. Field trial
D. Cluster random sampling T E. Community trial
E. Quasi random sampling
142 - Diffenrence between highest and
138 - The birth weights in a hospital are lowest values in a data set is called :
to be presented in a graph. This is best
done by : A. Mean
B. Median
A. Bar diagram C. Mode
B. Pie chart D. Range T
C. Histogram T E. Deviation
D. Pictogram
E. Frequency chart 143 - A bar chart which has no gaps in
between bars is called as :
139 - A normal distribution curve is based
mainly on : A. Simple bar chart
B. Compound bar chart
A. Mean and sample size C. Component bar chart
B. Mean and standard deviation T D. Histogram T
C. Range and sample size E. Pie chart
D. Range and standard deviation
E. Mean and range 144 - Prevalence is calculated by
multiplying incidence with :
140 - The changes in the size of
population are indicated by five stages of A. Total population
demographic transition. Pakistan is B. Previous cases
currently in the : C. Time duration T
D. Growth rate of nation
a. First stage E. Attack rate
b. Third stage T
c. Second stage
d. Fourth stage
e. Fifth stage
145 - The variation or dispersion of the 150 - Descriptive Epidemiology :
distribution of sample means is measured
by : A. Time, person and place T
B. Subjective
A. Standard error C. Analytical
B. Standard deviation D. Annual
C. Z - Score
D. Mean deviation T 151 - Sensitivity is to Detect :
E. Coefficient of variation
A. Diseased person T
146 - Which of the following occupational B. Healthy person
lung disease is not caused by the C. False positive
inorganic dust : D. False negative
E. True negative
A. Slicosis
B. Anthracosis 152 - Specificity is to detect :
C. Asbestosis
D. Siderosis T A. True negative T
E. Bagassosis B. True positive
C. False negative
147 - Incidence : D. False positive
E. Diseased person
A. Number of new cases and old cases
B. Number of new cases in a population 153 - Odd ratio is derived from :
in a given time T
C. Number of old cases only A. Case control study T
D. Not related to time factor B. Cohort study
E. None of the above C. Cross sectional study
D. Randomized trial
148 - Prevalence :
154 - Case control studies are :
A. Number of new cases only
B. Number of old cases only A. Retrospective studies T
C. Does not include new cases B. Prospective studies
D. Cases of Disease in a Population T C. Cross sectional studies
E. None of the above
155 - Epidemiology involve the study of :
149 - Biostatics is study of :
A. Distribution of disease
A. Collection and Analysis of Data T B. Determinants of disease
B. Epidemics C. Disease frequency
C. Endemics D. All of the above T
D. Pandemic
E. Hypothesis
156 - Commonly use IUCD presently is :
A. Copper - T T
B. Lippes loop
C. Nova T
157 - The measurement of risk of persons
dying due to particular disease during a
specific time period in relation to the
total number of that disease will be
defined as :
A. Case fertility rate T
B. Proportional mortality rate
C. Crude death rate
D. Adult mortality rate
E. Years of potential life lost
158 - In a village of 1000 people 20
deaths occurred during period of one
year. This is an example of :
A. Crude death rate T
B. Infant mortality rate
C. Cause specific mortality rate
D. Disease specific mortality rate
E. Proportional mortality rate
159 - Which of the following is the basic
parameter of central tendency :
A. Mean T
B. Median
C. Range
D. Mode
160 - if the growth of a country is 2% /
year it will be doubled in :
A. 35 years T
B. 30 years
C. 70 years
D. 140 years
161 - Which of the following is major type
of non probability sampling procedure :
A. Purposive T
B. Systematic
C. Simple random
D. Cluster
162 - Which of the following is most
important maternity health services
indicators :
A. Maternal mortality rate T
B. Neonatal mortality rate
C. Life expectancy at birth
D. Perinatal mortality rate
163 - Which one is not medical measure
of prevention of occupation diseases :
A. Substitution T
B. Notification
C. Periodic examination
D. Health education
E. Medical care services
164 - Which of the following is proximate
determinant of fertility :
A. Contraceptive prevalence rate T
B. Female literacy rate
C. Crude death rate
D. Crude birth rate
E. Maternal mortality rate
165 - Variable is characteristic that can
be :
A. Always mentioned as quantity T
B. Always mentioned as quality
C. Same in all individuals
D. Non measurable
E. Measured or observed
166 - The total number of women at child
bearing age is the denominator used in
calculating :
A. General fertility rate T
B. Crude birth rate
C. Crude death rate
D. Age specific birth rate
E. Infant mortality rate
167 - Keeping the frequency of disease
within acceptable limits is best described
as disease :
A. Control T
B. Eradication
C. Prevention
D. Prophylaxis
168 - Regarding statistical methods the
information that is directly obtained from
an individual is called :
A. Primary data T
B. Population data
C. Statistical data
D. Official data
169 - Which of the following is most
sensitive indicator of family planning
achievement :
A. Age specific fertility rate T
B. General fertility rate
C. Total fertility rate
D. Crude birth rate
170 - The most effective & quickly
reversible contraceptive method is :
A. IUCD
B. Combined oral pill T
C. Progesterone oral pill
D. Progesterone only pill
E. Subcutaneous pill
171 - The Qualitative research
questionaire should contain :
A. Open ended question T
B. Close ended question
C. Filter question
D. Skip question
E. Multiple question
172 - Which of the following is
continuous ( quantitative varaible ) :
A. Educational status T
B. Occupation
C. Hemoglobin level
D. Socio-economic status
E. Identity card number
173 - In research first step of analysis is
data entry in SPSS. This is done by
working in :
A. Data view T
B. Output view
C. Syntax view
D. Variable view
E. Variable editor
174 - The IMNCI guideline booklet has 178 - Which of the following is/are take
some color codes. Which of the following into account while computing vital index
color depicts danger signs in the child : :
A. Total number of births & deaths T
A. Pink T B. Total number of births
B. Blue C. Total number of deaths
C. Yellow D. Total number of immigrations
D. White E. Total number of births, death &
E. Green immigrations

175 - The memory bias is peculiar 179 - Which of the following is least
problrm of which type of study design : common use of incidence rate :

A. Case control study T

A. Estimation of availability of
B. Cohort study
manpower T
C. Case report
B. Estimation of degree of control of
D. Case series
disease
E. Randomized control trials
C. Planning for preventive measures
D. Estimation of aetiology of disease
176 - Which of the following is most
important scope of a family planning
180 - Which of the following is the most
program :
important use of Epidemiology ?
A. Proper spacing & limitations of birth T
A. Clinical diagnosis of cases
B. Genetic counselling
B. Finding out the carriers of diseases
C. Advice on sterility
C. Symptom identification
D. Carrying out pregnancy test
D. Community diagnosis T
E. Intrauterine contraceptive device
E. Treating the cases
177 - weaning should be started at :
181 - Concerning the investigation of an
epidemic which of the following is first
A. 4 - 6 months T
step to be carried out :
B. 6 - 8 months
C. 9 months
A. Verification of diagnosis T
D. 3 months
B. Notification to higher authorities
E. 2 months
C. Isolation of the patient
D. Confirmation of existence of an
epidemic

182 - Which of the following is most

important determinant of fertility :

☆ Contraceptive use
183 - The ratio of births to deaths in a
defined population is called as :
☆ Vital index
184 - Normal distribution curve :
☆ Standard deviation & mean
185 - BMI Value ?
☆ 21.2
186 - 200 population, 8 die ?
☆ 16 %
187 - complete fertility size :
☆ Total fertility rate
188 - Simplest measure of morbidity :
☆ crude death rate
189 - IMNCI Age :
☆ 0 - 365 days
190 - Lead poisoning :
☆ Gasoline is single best cause
191 - Correct regarding standard
deviation :
☆ All Data
192 - Strong association between risk
factor and disease is known as :
☆ Relative risk
193 - Middle most position in data :
☆ Median
194 - First step to conduct case control
study :
☆ Selection of case and control
195 - Example of 1st generating IUCD :
☆Lippes loop
196 - Qualitative data is represented by :
☆ Pie - Chart
197 - Example of continuous variable :
☆ Age
198 - Mean = mode = median :
☆ Normal distribution curve
199 - 1st step of Cohort study :
☆ Selection of subject
200 - Aim of safe mother hood is :
☆ Promote and health being
201-Epidemiology deals with the study of 205 - Concerning sampling, which 0ne of
: the following is appropriate technology :
A. Epidemics in population
B. Commmunicable diseases in A. Judgmental sampling
population B. Convenience sampling
C. All health related events & states in C. Systematic random sampling T
population T D. Snow - ball sampling
D. Non communicable disease in E. Quota sampling
population
E. Communicable and non communicable 206 - Regarding tools of measurement,
diseases in population which of the following deals with
relationship between two separate
202 - The term 'disease prevalence' refers random variables :
to :
A. Rate
A. New cases B. Crude rate
B. Current cases (Old & New cases) T C. Specific rate
C. Old cases D. Proportion
D. Cases which have recovered E. Ratio T
E. Subclinical cases
207 - Which of the following is best the
203 - The simplest form of descriptive method for screening :
study is :
A. Population screening
A. Longitudinal study B. High risk screening T
B. Case control study T C. Mass screening
C. Ecological study D. Multiple screening
D. Cohort study E. Primordial screening
E. Cross sectional study
208 - Regarding sacles of measurement
204 - Regarding types of screening, which the scale at the lowest position is :
of the following type is the most
productive & cost effective : A. Nominal scale T
B. Ordinal scale
A. High risk screening T C. Internal scale
B. Mass screening D. Nominal and ordinal sacles both
C. Multiple phase screening E. Ratio scales
D. Whole population screening
E. Bi - phase screening
209 - In epidemiology, Cohorts are 213 - Which of the following is the
defined as : modifiable risk factor for chronic non -
communicable diseases :
A. People from different communities
B. People belonging to same community A. Age
C. Group of people with different B. Gender
characteristics C. Blood group
D. Group people who share same D. Genetic factors
characteristics T E. Smoking T
E. Group of people with different disease
prevalence 214 - Regarding prevention of coronary
heart diseases " Achieving the goal of
210 - Which of the following is smoke free society" is :
continuous variable :
A. Tertiary prevention
A. Educational status B. Population strategy T
B. Blood group C. At risk strategy
C. Gender D. Risk factor strategy
D. Hemoglobin level T E. Secondary prevention
E. Occupation
215 - The occupational disease of Lungs
211 - The shape of population/Age caused by inhalation of sugar cane dust is
pyramid of a developed country will be : called :

A. Broad base ans narrow tip A. Byssinosis

B. Narrow base B. Anthracosis
C. Narrow base and middle broad T C. Asbestosis
D. Narrow tip D. Bagassosis T
E. Middle and tip broad E. Silicosis

212 - For which of the following rate the 216 - A researcher while doing research
denominator is "Total live births" : makes a list of study population, this is
called :
A. Crude death rate
B. Life expectancy A. Sample frame T
C. Case fatality rate B. Sample
D. Infant mortality rate T C. Population
E. Proportional mortality rate D. Sample fraction
E. Sample size
.
217 - The population of Pakistan is
growing at a higher rate to control the
health and economics problems in
coming days, the main stress of
goverment should be to :

A. Reduce maternal deaths

B. Reduce child mortality
C. Improve EPI coverage
D. Build more school
E. Increase contraceptive prevalence T

218 - According to IMNCI which one of

following component is important for
child child survival growth :

A. Improving family and community

practices
B. The improvement of health system T
C. Maternal and child health
D. Improving health worker skills
E. Treatment of complication of disease

219 - The term ergonomics relates to :

A. Fitting the man to the job

B. Fitting the job to the man T
C. Fitting of worker for machine
D. Training of worker for job
E. Fitting the administrator to the
organization
220. The proper sequence from steps of a research study is :

A. Methodology,introduction,result,discussion
B. Rresult,introduction,methodology,discussion
C. Discussion.result,introduction,methodology
D.Introduction.discussion,methodology,result T
E. Introduction,methodology,result,discussion