PRELIMINARY IDENTIFICATION OF GEOTOURISM POTENTIAL: TOURIST ZONES OF

EASTERN, CENTRAL AND WESTERN PART OF TIMOR-LESTE (Lautem, Baucau, Dili,

Ainaro, Ermera and Bobonaro Municipality)

Delio Manuel 1*​

​ , Mafaldo Jose Faria 2*
​

USJTL Unidade Sientista Jeolojia Timor-Leste ​Rua: Avenida Nicolao Lobato, Aldeia 03, Suku
​ -mail; ​latusomanuel12@gmail.com, mafaldo_JF@yahoo.com)
Fatuhada, Dom Aleixo, Dili, Timor-Leste (E
______________________________________________________________________________

ABSTRACT: ​Identification of geotourism potential in Timor-Leste is a preliminary phase of sustainable

geotourism program with a main objective of collecting and providing data to develop geotourism
objects into geotourism sites in the future be based on the principles of environmental conservation,
natural science education and enhancement economy of local community.

This study applies two (2) stages approaches i.e. Literature Review and Field Observation. The aim of
reviewing existing literatures are to have a prior understanding and accumulation stage of references
needed from various sources, especially about geotourism and geology of Timor-Leste while Filed
Observation or Field Work is the stage of collecting all pertinent geotourism objects in identifying the
general potential of geodiversity. There is one (1) considered method applying in this research. It is
Qualitative Method such as "GIS Survey, Descriptive and Interview to the community”. Lastly, these
databases are used and analyzed through computer software to result geotourism map.

Geotourism potential objects that have been identified in Timor Leste are hundred and sixteen (116)
geotourism objects from a total of six (6) Municipalities. Furthermore, from all identified geotourism
potential objects are classified into eight (8) geotourism areas based on their geodiversity which
proposed to be a geoconservation area. Based on the preliminary identification of geotourism objects
in Timor-Leste, it has reached to the conclusion that the general potential of geodiversity in
Timor-Leste is very prospect to develop each geotourism object into a future geotourism site area.

Keywords​: ​Identification of Geotourism Potential, Geodiversity of Timor-Leste.

______________________________________________________________________________

A. INTRODUCTION Geologists have done a lot of research in

Timor-Leste territory to accumulate data about the
Geotourism is a scenic spot of natural tourism geological phenomenon of Timor. These research
where the main object is geodiversity through began from the period of Portuguese colonialism,
geological tourism attraction to tourists, natural Indonesian occupation till so far. The geologists
science education and environmental conservation from abroad are still doing research due to the
based on geological phenomena. Accordingly, it highly complexity of Timor- Leste geological
can attract the attention of tourist to visit the conditions (Hamson, G.R., 2004). With these
geotourism area and will increase the local complexity, the geologists
community’s income economically (Rachmat, H.,have proposed various of tectonic models (UN,
2017). 2003) such as ​Overthrust Model ​(Audley Charles,
1968), ​Rebound Model ​(Chamalaun & Grady, 1975). This tectonic process formed various kinds
1978​), Imbrication Model ​(Hamilton, 1979), ​Duplex of geodiversity on the island of Timor. Geodiversity
Model ​(e.g. Charlton ​et al,​ 1991), and ​Overthrusted is a geological diversity such as lithology, fossils,
Margin Model ​(Sawyer ​et al,​ 1993). geological structure, geological phenomenon and
geomorphological landscape (GEOMAGZ, 2015).
These tectonic models are an interpretation of These geodiversity objects are the main
tectonic models type of island arc – continental component of geotourism in Timor-Leste.
margin collision (Carter, D.J. & Audley-Charles,
Delio Manuel ​1*​, Mafaldo Jose Faria ​2* ​Unidade Sientista Jeolojia Timor-Leste ​International Conference on Geoscience ​[ ​23-26
October 2018 ​]

The utilization of energy resources is the main pillar B. LITERATURE REVIEW

in the development process of Timor- Leste.
Geotourism is an earth park where its potential is
Starting from the independence period,
measured based on geodiversity that has unique
Timor-Leste accelerated development through
geological characteristics with the beauty values of
petroleum funds in carrying out the infrastructure
natural objects in certain scales and distributions,
construction over the Timor-Leste territory (TLSDP
as well as integrating other forms of natural
2011-2030, 2010). These development process will
scenery and cultural existence in regional
also utilize geological resources through an
uniqueness (Rachmat, H., 2017).
extractive process, but these geological and
energy resources are non- renewable and as a The geodiversity that has been identified in the
small country it is necessary to make a concept of Timor-Leste territory is through regional geological
geotourism that can contribute to the economic mapping in the Portuguese period (Audley Charles,
development of Timor-Leste based on the existing 1968), regional geology map of Dili sheet (Bachri,
of geodiversity phenomena. S. & Situmorang, R.L., 1994) and also regional
geology map of Baucau sheet (Partoyo, E.,
The researcher also performed desktop review by
Hermanto, B. and Bachri, S., 1995). Therefore, the
searching academic papers, journals, previous
general potential of geodiversity in Timor-Leste are
researches and others sources in order to spot if
distributions of complex rocks including the
any other similar researches have been performed,
presence of rare
but unfortunately, there is a lack of research or
fossils in sedimentary rocks, physical geological
study being carried out. Hence, it whispers us to
phenomena (complexity of geological structures)
carry out this research aiming to contribute to
and also variations of geomorphological landscape
knowledge of geotourism and give an insight to
such as islands, lakes, lagoons, hot springs,
relevan decision-makers.
spring, waterfalls, beaches, mountains, plateau,
However, the questions are; Does Timor Leste hasplains, rivers and caves.
geotourism potential and how do we develop
Furthermore, geoconservation is the environmental
them? So, this research is just the first phase in
conservation which consists of the singularity of
developing geotourism of Timor-Leste based on
geological phenomenon that needs to be protected
the Preliminary Identification of Geotourism
through geotourism programs (Crofts, R. & Gordon,
Potential: Tourist Zones of Eastern, Central and
J.E., 2015). The geological conservation area of
Western Part of Timor-Leste (Lautem, Baucau, Dili,
Timor- Leste that has been identified from (Haig,
Ainaro, Ermera and Bobonaro Municipality).
D.W. & McCartain, E., 2010) with the topic of
“Triassic Organic-Cemented Siliceous Agglutinated Conservationists to give advice
Foraminifera from Timor Leste: Conservative for decision maker 7. Provide
Development in Shallow Marine Environments” estimation on geoconservation.
amounts to four (4) areas are as follows; Area of
Tutuala, Area of Iliomar- Aliambata, Area of Inventory and preliminary identification of
Manatuto-Pualaca and Area of Ainaro-Maubisse. geodiversity data as the first phase in collecting
and improving the quality of information and also
According to Sharples, C., 2002, general reasons the beginning of a database to make conservation
for doing geoconservation are: area of geological diversity. Very important data
1. Geodiversity has a scientific value which is and a fundamental basis of information for
used for human needs and related ecosystems 2. developing a geoconservation area based on four
Characteristics of non-renewable points are as follows (Crofts, R. & Gordon, J.E.,
geodiversity 3. Many sensitive geodiversity 2014):
are easily damaged, especially the risks caused a. Scientific Value; Characterization of the
by various human activities 4. Providing geodiversity and geoheritage values based on
knowledge information with the their geological processes and history. b.
fundamental principles of geoconservation 5. Aesthetic Value; describes the formation of
Provide information on geological geoheritage phenomena and various attractions of
conservation status in Timor-Leste 6. Propose to geomorphological landscapes
Delio Manuel 1*​ ​ ​Unidade Sientista Jeolojia Timor-Leste ​International Conference on Geoscience ​[ ​23-26
​ , Mafaldo Jose Faria 2*
October 2018 ​]
geotourism objects in identifying the general
c. Cultural Value; the location of the geoheritage potential of geodiversity. There is one (1)
site is always associated with the culture of the considered method applying in this research. It is
local community d. Recreational Value; shows the Qualitative Method such as "GIS Survey,
relationship between geoheritage sites with Descriptive and Interview to the community”.
various tourism activities, such as recreation, Lastly, these databases are used and analyzed
sports and adventure. through computer software such as ArcGIS, Global
Mapper, CorelDraw, EasyGPS and MapSource
C. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY afterwards resulting geotourism map, reports and
This study of Preliminary Identification of presentations.
Geotourism Potential was carried out in six (6)
D. RESULT AND DISCUSSION
different municipal areas, i.e. Lautem, Baucau, Dili,
Ainaro, Ermera and Bobonaro Municipality from As previously mentioned that Timor Leste has the
tourist zones of eastern, central and western part general potential of geotourism from its existing
of Timor-Leste. This study applies two (2) stages geological diversity. Hence, the geotourism
approaches i.e. Literature Review and Field potential objects that have been identified in Timor
Observation. The aim of reviewing existing Leste are hundred and sixteen (116) geotourism
literatures are to have a prior understanding and objects from a total of six (6) Municipalities i.e.
accumulation stage of references needed from Lautem has 25 geotourism objects, Baucau has 22
various sources, especially about geotourism and geotourism objects, Dili has 19 geotourism objects,
geology of Timor-Leste while Filed Observation or Ainaro has 16 geotourism objects, Ermera has 18
Field Work is the stage of collecting all pertinent
 geotourism objects and Bobonaro has 16national park is also protects environment, cultural
geotourism objects. Furthermore, from all identifiedand historical heritage of Timor-Leste.
geotourism potential objects are classified into
eight (8) geotourism areas based on theirGeodiversity in this National Park area is one of the
geodiversity which proposed to be amost important natural attractions that can enrich
geoconservation area i.e. Geotourism Area in Ninothis park area. Geodiversity is a geological
Konis Santana National Park, Geotourism Area ofphenomenon that is formed naturally in this park
Legumau Mountain, Geotourism Area of Matebiane.g. lithology, fossil, Ira-lalaro Lake Basin,
Mountain, Geotourism Area of Pai-tchau Ili Mountain, Ira-sikiru River, Mainina
Plateau Baucau, Geotourism Area of Ossuala and Sinkhole, Ili kere-kere Cave (arceological sites),
Ariana Mountain, Geotourism Area of Tatamailau Fuiloro grassland, geomorphological karst (dolina,
and Cablace Mountain, Geotourism Area of sinkhole, conical hills, lapies, cave and spring) etc.
Leolaco Mountain and Geotourism Area of Atauro Geologically, the geodiversity in this national park
Island (Fig. 1). is composed of geological formations such as
1. Geotourism Area in Nino Konis Santana Attahok Formation, Cribas Formation, Aitutu
Formation, Wailuli Formation, Bobonaro Scaly
National Park
Clay, Baucau Limestone, Poros Limestone, and
Nino Konis Santana National Park as a tourist area Suai Formation (Audley Charles, 1968). Attahok
that was recognized in 2007 with an area of Formation consists of black claystone that
123.000 hectare including land (68.000 hectare) containing trilobite fossils of Lower Permian aged
and sea (55.600 hectare). This national and also basalt igneous rock which deposited on
conservation park is based on its ecological black claystone, this formation deposited in shallow
diversity that protects forests, grasslands, humid marine environments. Cribas Formation is
zones, caves, spring, beaches, islands and the composed of clay ironstone, limestone, and
marine environment which contained in it (ETBN, claystone which mostly contain of atomodesma
2015). This park is very important for rare birds fossils with Upper Permian aged, this formation is
conservation in area of Lore, Pai-tchau Ili deposited in epineritic environment. Aitutu
Mountain, Ira-lalaro Lake and Jaco Island. The Formation is composed of layer of calcilutite
example of these rare birds are the yellow head limestone and in some places there are implied of
cockatoo, Timorese green dove, Timorese Caesar chertstone, calcarenite limestone and
dove and Timorese Gelatic. On the other hand, this
Delio Manuel 1*​ ​ ​Unidade Sientista Jeolojia Timor-Leste ​International Conference on Geoscience ​[ ​23-26
​ , Mafaldo Jose Faria 2*
October 2018 ​]
Miocene aged that contained foraminifera fossil in
claystone which contain of radiolarian, holobis, deep marine depositional environment. Baucau
monotony and a little ammonite fossil with the aged Limestone consists of coral, calcirudite and
of Upper Triassic in epineritic depositional calcarenite limestone
environment. Wailuli Formation consist of shale,which contained of coral fossil with aged of
siltstone, claystone and sandstone which mostlyPleistocene in shallow marine depositional
contain of belemnites fossil with the aged ofenvironment. Poros Limestone is composed of
Jurassic in shallow marine depositional. Bobonarolayer of limestone which mostly contain of
Scaly Clay is composed of boulders fragmentsgastropods and algae, in other places there are
which is embedded in clay base mass withalso a travertine and limestone which formed in
Pleistocene period in lacustrine (lake) deposition and mollusca shells with the aged of
environment. Suai Formation consists of Pleistocene-Holocene in littoral to shallow marine
unconsolidated material of sediment with grain size deposition environment.
of sand to gravel, there are also foraminifera fossils

Figure 1. Map of Geotourism Area in Timor-Leste; Touristic Zone of Oriental, Central and Occidental
(Lautem, Baucau, Dili, Ainaro, Ermera and Bobonaro Municipality), USJTL, 2018.
Delio Manuel 1*​ ​ ​Unidade Sientista Jeolojia Timor-Leste ​International Conference on Geoscience ​[ ​23-26
​ , Mafaldo Jose Faria 2*
October 2018 ​]
 Lower Permian that mostly contain of crinoids,
In accord with the tectonostratigraphy of Timor- algae, brachiopods, cephalopods and globiella
Leste (Haig, D. W. & McCartain, E., 2007) that in fossils in shallow marine depositional
this national park it was controlled by four (4) environments.
tectonic processes which starting from Permian to
Middle Jurassic periods as Gondwana Be based of the literature analysis, this geotourism
Megasequence, Kolbano Megasequence (Lower area can be use as a scientific, aesthetic and
Jurassic to Lower-Upper Miocene), Bobonaro cultural places so it is recommended to make initial
Mélange (Lower Miocene and Younger) and the identification in determining the general potential
other was began from Upper Miocene to (geotourism objects) based on its geodiversity.
Pleistocene periods known as Viqueque
3. Geotourism Area of Matebian Mountain
Megasequence. These tectonic process causes
Geographically, Matebian Mountain is located in
the formation of geomorphological phenomena in
the eastern part of Baucau Municipality with an
this park such as Ira-lalaru Lake Karst Basin,
area of approximately 15.476 Km​2​. Geotourism
Pai-tchau Ili Range, Plateau Com etc.
objects in this area are composed of lithological
Build upon of the field observations, geotourismformations from Cablace Limestone Borolalo
objects that are identified in this national parkLimestone, Barique Formation and Bobonaro Scaly
which is utilize as scientific, aesthetic, cultural andClay (Audley Charles, 1968).
recreational places are: Jaco Island, Valu Sere
Cablace Limestone consist of calcilutite, oolytic,
Beach, Pai-tchau Mountain, Ili Kere-kere Cave,
calcarenite and conglomerate limestone which
Ira-lalaru Lake and its Grassland, Pá- papa River,
contain foraminifera fossils with aged of Upper
Kamu Cave, Ira-lafai Cave, Fuiloro Grassland,
Miocene in epineritic depositional environments.
Plateau Chay-keri, Com Beach, Airleu Beach,
Borolalo Limestone is composed of layer of
Umun-ira Lagoon, Ira-ara Spring, Lori Beach,
limestone with implied of chertstone and calcilutite
Namalutu Lagoon, Aca-tei Cave and Ira Darat
limestone that mostly contain of foraminifera fossils
Beach.
with Cretaceous aged, this formation is deposited
2. Geotourism Area of Legumau Mountain in deep marine environment. Barique Formation
consists of volcanic lithology of agglomerate, basalt
Geographically, Legumau Mountain is located intuffs, lava and also limestone fragments from
western part of Lautem Municipality, LuroDartolu Formation, with aged of Oligocene in
Administrative Post. This area covers four villagesepineritic depositional environment.
i.e. Afabubu, Lacawa, Cotamutu and Baricafa with
around 25.546 Km​2 ​of total area. According to the tectonostratigraphy of Timor-
Leste, (Haig, D. W. & McCartain, E., 2007) this
In pursuance of the tectonostratigrafi of Timor-area was caused by four (4) tectonic processes of
Leste, geotourism area of Legumau Mountain is aGondwana Megasequence, Kolbano
part of Gondwana Megasequence which wasMegasequence, Bobonaro Mélange and Viqueque
formed during the period of Permian to MiddleMegasequence which formed mountainous
Jurassic (Haig, D. W. & McCartain, E., 2007) that istopography with elevation from 200-2.500 masl.
composed of Maubisse Formation (Audley Charles,With this condition, were formed geotourism
1968) where most of it consists of bio-calcareneobjects with its geodiversity phenomena such as
and coral limestone which formed in period ofMatebian Mane and Feto Mountain with its Karst
Tower, Waterfall (Sertiliu, Tarumaliu, Tauliu, are composed of lithological formations from
Boleha, and Wata’a) and Salt Lagoon of Laga. Baucau Limestone and Suai Formation (Audley
Based on the field observations, this area of Charles, 1968).
geotourism can be utilize as scientific, aesthetic,
cultural and recreational places. In accordance with the tectonostratigraphy of
Timor-Leste, (Haig, D. W. & McCartain, E., 2007)
4. Geotourism Area of Plateau Baucau this area was caused by tectonic processes of
Viqueque Megasequence which formed
Geographically, Baucau Plateau is located in the geomorphological karst (geodiversity) in Plateau
northern part of Baucau Municipality, Baucau Villa Baucau such as sinkhole, dolina,
and Vemasse administrative post with an area of
about 17.615 km​2​. Geotourism objects in this area
Delio Manuel ​1*​, Mafaldo Jose Faria ​2* ​Unidade Sientista Jeolojia Timor-Leste ​International Conference on Geoscience ​[ ​23-26
October 2018 ​]
Viqueque Megasequence.
lapies, uvala, caves, springs, beach environment,
lagoon and coral reef with its geotourism objects Geotourism objects that are identified in this area
like Watuita Beach, Fatuk Tolu Beach, Ira-hona which can use as scientific, aesthetic, and cultural
Spring, Arch of Fatuk Domin, Denudational places are: Ponte Natureza River, Waimalumeli
Remnant of Fatuk Lenuk and Bahamori Lake. Be Waterfall, Uaiolo Spring, Waikana Hot Spring,
based of the field observations, this area of Lugalua River, and Panoramic Karst Hills.
geotourism can be use as scientific, aesthetic, and
6. Geotourism Area of Tatamailau and
recreational places.
Cablace Mountain
5. Geotourism Area of Ossuala and Ariana
Geologically, area of Tatamailau Mountain
Mountain
including Mount Ramelau and Cablace are
Geologically, area of Ossuala and Ariana Mountain composed of lithological formations of Lolotoe
are composed of lithological formations from Complex, Maubisse Formation, Aileu Formation,
Barique Formation, Cablace Limestone, Lariguti Aitutu Formation and Wailuli Formation (Audley
Formation and Bobonaro Scaly Clay (Audley Charles, 1968).
Charles, 1968). Lariguti Formation consists of
Lolotoi Complex consists mostly of volcanic
calcarenite and coral limestone with bioherm
lithology such as lava, volcanic breccia, tuff, green
structure which contain foraminifera fossils of
sandstone, metagabro, metadiorite which is
Upper Miocene aged in epineritic depositional
estimated of pre permian aged. Aileu Formation is
environments.
composed of filite, schist, serpentinite,
In consonance with the tectonostratigraphy of metasandstone, sandstone and claystone where
Timor-Leste (Haig, D. W. & McCartain, E., 2007) there are also few volcanic
that in this area was controlled by three (3) tectonicrocks and limestones. This Formation formed in the
processes which starting from Lower Jurassic toperiod of Permian – Upper Jurassic based on
Lower-Upper Miocene periods known as Kolbanocrinoid and Buchia belemnopis fossils and
Megasequence, Bobonaro Mélange (Lowerdeposited in shallow marine environment
Miocene and Younger) and the other was began(Charlton, 1992 in Bachri, S. & Situmorang, R.L.,
from Upper Miocene to Pleistocene periods as1994).
 rock formations such as Maubisse Formation,
In pursuance of the tectonostratigraphy of Wailuli Formation, Cablace Limestone, Bobonaro
Timor-Leste, (Haig, D. W. & McCartain, E., 2007) Scaly Clay and Viqueque Formation (Audley
the area of Tatamailau and Cablace Mountain was Charles, 1968). Lithological formation of Viqueque
controlled by tectonic processes of Gondwana consists of massive siltstone, white chertstone,
Megasequence that started from Permian to Middle green claystone layer and some calcarenite and
Jurassic period and Kolbano Megasequence conglomerate limestone. Upper part of this
(Lower Jurassic to Lower- Upper Miocene) which formation is composed of marl mud stone, clay
formed steep mountainous topography in mud stone and sandstone. This formation was
Tatamailau and Cablace Range. formed during the period of Pliocene to Pleistocene
Geotourism objects that are identified in this area in depositional of littoral to epineritic environment.
which can utilize as scientific, aesthetic, cultural In accord with the tectonostratigraphy of Timor-
and recreational places are: Mount Ramelau, Leste, (Haig, D. W. & McCartain, E., 2007) area of
Mount Cablace, Aitutu Anticline, Fleisha Leolaco Mountain was controlled by tectonic
Panorama, Dokomali Waterfall, Anin Waterfall, processes of Gondwana, Kolbano Megasequence,
Talbei Waterfall, Atara River, Blacun River, Liuhto Bobonaro Mélange and Viqueque Megasequence
Lake, Tamuhun River, Be’e Mutin Hot Spring, Be’e which formed geomorphological anticline of
Morna Hot Spring, Be’e Doutor Hot Spring, Lulilau Leolaco Mountain.
Waterfall, Liu Bere Waterfall and Mota Bandeira
Waterfall. Geotourism objects that are identified in this area
which can use as scientific, aesthetic, and cultural
7. Geotourism Area of Leolaco Mountain places are: Marobo Hot Spring, Be’e
Area of Leolaco Mountain is composed of five (5)
Delio Manuel ​1*​, Mafaldo Jose Faria ​2* ​Unidade Sientista Jeolojia Timor-Leste ​International Conference on Geoscience ​[ ​23-26
October 2018 ​]
processes that emerged in the past. Geotourism
Dois Boroluli Hot Spring, Raifun Cave, Tunero objects that are identified in this island which can
Cave, Leolaco Anticline and Maseltil River. use as scientific, aesthetic, and recreational places
are: Watuana Beach, Uaroana Hot Spring, Bikeli
8. Geotourism Area of Atauro Island
Hot Spring, Makili Hot Spring, Biloi Beach, Vatu’u
Atauro Island mostly consists of Pliocene Volcanic Beach, Arlo Beach, Adara Beach, Makadadi
Sequence, and some Pleistocene Limestone and Waterfall, Mount Manucoco and Manututo.
Quaternary Alluvium throughout the Atauro Island
territory (Ely, K. et al. 2011). Pliocene Volcanic E. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Sequence is composed of hornblende rhyo-dacite
Based on the preliminary identification of
intrusion, dacite intrusion, clinopyroxene-pyric
geotourism objects: tourist zones of eastern,
basaltic andesite, dacite volcanoclastic sediments
central and western part of Timor-Leste (Lautem,
and tuffs and dacite. Pleistocene Limestone as a
Baucau, Dili, Ainaro, Ermera and Bobonaro
depositional marine environment which consists of
Municipality), it has reached to the conclusion that
limestone, conglomerate, sand and mud.
the highly complexity of Timor- Leste geological
With this condition, Atauro Island is a volcanic conditions have formed various kinds of
island which formed due to the activity of volcanic geodiversity which have been identified its general
 potentials i.e. Distributions of complex rocks Community who has accompanied during
including the presence of rare fossils in this research activity
sedimentary rocks, physical geological phenomena
(complexity of geological structures) and alsoG. REFERENCES
variations of geomorphological landscape.
Audley-Charles, M.G., (1968), The Geology of
This study applies two (2) stages approaches i.e.Portuguese Timor, Geol.Soc.London, No.4. Bachri,
Literature Review and Field Observation. TheS. & Situmorang, R.L., (1994), Peta Geologi
geotourism potential objects that have beenLembar Dili, Timor-Timur, Skala 1: 250.000, Pusat
identified are hundred and sixteen (116)Penelitian dan Pengembangan Geologi, Bandung,
geotourism. Furthermore, from all identifiedIndonesia. Carter, D.J. & Audley-Charles, M.G.,
geotourism potential objects are classified into(1975), Stratigraphical analysis of island arch-
eight (8) geotourism areas based on theircontinental margin collision in eastern Indonesia,
geodiversity which proposed to be aGeology Department, Imperial College, London.
geoconservation area. Crofts, R. and Gordon, J.E., (2014),
Geoconservation in Protected Areas, Parks
Therefore, it necessary to do the continuationVol.20.2. Crofts, R. and Gordon, J.E., (2015),
research in identifying the specific potential basedGeoconservation in Protected Areas, Chapter 18,
on details identification and ANU Press, Canberra. Ely, K. et al., (2011),
characterization to define the geoconservation area Geological Map of Ataúro, Timor-Leste, School of
that have been proposed. On the other side, it also Earth Science, University of Melbourne in
needs to do the preliminary identification of association with the Timor-Leste Energy and
geotourism objects in other Municipalities of Minerals Directorate. ETBN, (2015), Estrátejia no
Timor-Leste that have not been identified yet. Planu Asaun Nasional ba Biodiversidade
Timor-Leste (2011-2020), Ekipa Traballu
F. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Biodiversidade Nasional, Ministeriu Ekonomia no
Through this opportunity, we would like to express Dezenvolvimentu, RDTL. GEOMAGZ, (2015),
our utmost gratitude to: 1. Tourism Ministry which Gunung Sewu Mendunia Lagi, Majalah Geologi
has provided maximum support during this Populer, Badan Geologi – Kementrian Energi dan
geotourism research 2. ​All local authorities who Sumber Daya Mineral, Vol.5/No.4. Haig, D. W. &
have collaborated McCartain, E., (2007), Carbonate pelagites in the
during this research activity was going ​3. post-Gondwana
Delio Manuel 1*​ ​ ​Unidade Sientista Jeolojia Timor-Leste ​International Conference on Geoscience ​[ ​23-26
​ , Mafaldo Jose Faria 2*
October 2018 ​]
Hamson, G.R., (2004), The Tectonic Evolution of
succession (Cretaceous – Neogene) of East Timor, the Banda Orogen, East Timor, School of Earth
School of Earth & Geographical Sciences, Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Australia.
University of Western Australia. Haig, D. W. & Partoyo, E., Hermanto, B. and Bachri, S., (1995),
McCartain, E., (2010), Triassic Organic-Cemented Peta Geologi Lembar Baucau, Timor-Timur, Skala
Siliceous Agglutinated Foraminifera from Timor 1: 250.000, Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan
Leste: Conservative Development in Shallow Geologi, Bandung, Indonesia.
Marine Environments, School of Earth and Rachmat, H., (2017), Pemanfaatan Geodiversitas
Environment, the University of Western Australia. untuk Pembangunan Berkelanjutan Melalui
 Geowisata dan Geopark, Badan Geologi
Indonesia. Sharples, C., (2002), Concepts and
Principles
Of Geoconservation, Version 3. TLSDP
2011-2030, (2010), Timor-Leste Strategic
Development Plan 2011-2030, Timor-Leste
National Parliament, Palácio do Governo, Edifício
1, R/C, Avenida Presidente Nicolau Lobato, Dili,
Timor-Leste. UN, (2003), Atlas of Mineral
Resources of the Escap Region, Vol. 17, Geology
and Mineral Resource of Timor-Leste.