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Non Destructive Basic
Non Destructive Basic
3-2016
APPENDIX H
SAMPLE CALCULATIONS FOR BRANCH
REINFORCEMENT
A DN 200 (NPS 8) run (header) in an oil piping system A1 p (2.04)(108.8)(2 − sin 90 deg) p 222 mm2
has a DN 100 (NPS 4) branch at right angles (see
Fig. H301). Both pipes are Schedule 40 API 5L Grade A The reinforcement area in run wall
seamless. The design conditions are 2 068 kPa at 200°C.
A2 p (108.8)(7.16 − 2.04 − 2.5) p 285 mm2
The fillet welds at the crotch are minimum size in accor-
dance with para. 328.5.4. A corrosion allowance of in branch wall
2.5 mm is specified. Is additional reinforcement
necessary? A3 p (2)(6.93)关(5.27 − 1.07) − 2.5兴 p 24 mm2
in branch welds
Solution
A 4 p (2)(1⁄2)(6.0)2 p 36 mm2
From Appendix A, S p 110 MPa for API 5L Grade A
(Table A-1M); E p 1.0 for API 5L seamless (Table A-1B); The total reinforcement area p 345 mm2. This is more
W p 1.0. than the 222 mm2 so that no additional reinforcement
is required to sustain the internal pressure.
Th p (8.18)(0.875) p 7.16 mm
H302 EXAMPLE 2 (16)
Tb p (6.02)(0.875) p 5.27 mm
There is a DN 200 (NPS 8) branch at right angles to
L 4 p (2.5)(7.16 − 2.5) p 11.65 mm a DN 300 (NPS 12) header (Fig. H301). Both run and
or (2.5)(5.27 − 2.5) p 6.93 mm, branch are of aluminum alloy Schedule 80 ASTM B241
whichever is less 6061-T6 seamless pipe. The connection is reinforced by
p 6.93 mm a ring 350 mm O.D. (measured along the run) cut from
a piece of DN 300 (NPS 12) Schedule 80 ASTM B241
d1 p 关114.3 − (2)(5.27 − 2.5)兴 /(sin 90 deg) p 108.8 mm 6063-T6 seamless pipe and opened slightly to fit over
the run pipe. Allowable stresses for welded construction
d2 p (5.27 − 2.5) + (7.16 − 2.5) + 109/2 apply in accordance with Appendix A, Note (33). The
p 61.9 mm fillet welds have the minimum dimensions permitted
in para. 328.5.4. A zero corrosion allowance is specified.
Use d1 or d2, whichever is greater. What is the maximum permissible design pressure if
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6.02 mm nom.
5.27 mm min.
114.3 mm
H301 Example 1 Reinforcement
6.0 mm c = 2.5 mm
4.21 mm zone
8.18 mm nom.
L4 = 6.9 mm
7.16 mm min.
108.8 mm
12.7 mm nom.
c = 0.0 mm 11.1 mm min.
219.1 mm
H302 Example 2 350.0 mm
17.48 mm nom. Reinforcement
15.30 mm min. 8.5 mm zone
6.0 mm
17.48 mm nom. 12.36 mm
15.30 mm min. L4 = 38.25 mm
197 mm
c = 2.5 mm 16
8 .3
7.11 mm nom. m m
6.22 mm min.
16
0 .7
H303 Example 3 12.7 mm nom. m m 10 mm
Reinforcement
305 mm zone
12.7 mm nom.
11.1 mm min.
60 deg L4 = 21.5 mm
185.7 mm
185.7 mm 185.7 mm
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c = 2.5 mm 406.4 mm O.D.
1.24 mm
6.02 mm nom.
c = 4.03 mm 5.27 mm min.
114.3 mm
H304 Example 4 160 mm
8.18 mm nom. Reinforcement
7.16 mm min. 4.21 mm zone
8.18 mm nom.
2.37 mm 7.16 mm min. L4 = 5.9 mm
112 mm
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370°C. Is the design adequate for the internal pressure?
The required area
Solution
A1 p 197th p 63 789q
From Appendix A, S p 99.3 MPa for API 5L Grade A
The reinforcement area in the run wall and ASTM A285 Grade C (Table A-1); E p 1.0 for API 5L
seamless pipe (Table A-1B); W p 1.0.
A2 p (197)(15.3 − 323.8q − 0)
Th p (12.7)(0.875) p 11.1 mm
p 3 014 − 63 789q
Tb p (7.11)(0.875) p 6.22 mm
in branch wall
Tr p 12.7 mm
A3 p (2)(38.25)(11.1 − 219.1q − 0)
L4 p lesser of (2.5)(6.22 − 2.5) + 12.7 p 22 mm
p 849 − 16 761q or (2.5)(11.1 − 2.5) p 21.5 mm
p 21.5 mm
in reinforcing ring
(3 450)(406.4)
th p p 6.96 mm
A 4 p (15.3)(350 − 219.1)(39 300/55 200)p 1 426 mm2 (2)(99 300)(1.0)(1.0) + (2)(0.4)(3 450)
ASME B31.3-2016
(0.5)(8.18)
H304 EXAMPLE 4 Leg dimension of weld p p 5.8 mm
0.707
A DN 200 (NPS 8) run (header) in an oil piping system
Reinforcement area in fillet welds
has a DN 100 (NPS 4) branch at right angles (Fig. H301).
Both pipes are Schedule 40 API 5L Grade A seamless. X2 p (2)(1⁄2)(5.8)2 p 34 mm2
The design conditions are 2 400 kPa at 205°C. It is
assumed that the piping system is to remain in service Total reinforcement area
until all metal thickness, in both branch and run, in
excess of that required by eq. (3a) of para. 304.1.2 has A 4 p X1 + X2 p 304 mm2
corroded away so that area A 2 as defined in
para. 304.3.3(c)(1) is zero. What reinforcement is required This total reinforcement area is greater than the
for this connection? required area; therefore, a reinforcing ring 160 mm O.D.,
cut from a piece of DN 200 (NPS 8) Schedule 40 API 5L
Grade A seamless pipe and welded to the connection
Solution with minimum size fillet welds would provide adequate
From Appendix A, S p 110 MPa for API 5L Grade A reinforcement for this connection.
(Table A-1); E p 1.0 for API 5L seamless (Table A-1B);
W p 1.0.
H305 EXAMPLE 5 (Not Illustrated)
(2 400)(219.1)
th p p 2.37 mm A DN 40 (NPS 11⁄2) Class 3000 forged steel socket
(2)(110 000)(1.0)(1.0) + (2)(0.4)(2 400)
welding coupling has been welded at right angles to a
(2 400)(114.3) DN 200 (NPS 8) Schedule 40 run (header) in oil service,
tb p p 1.24 mm using a weld conforming to sketch (1) of Fig. 328.5.4D.
(2)(110 000)(1.0)(1.0) + (2)(0.4)(2 400)
The run is ASTM A53 Grade B seamless pipe. The design
d1 p 114.3 − (2)(1.24) p 112 mm pressure is 2 760 kPa and the design temperature is
ASME B31.3-2016
230°C. The corrosion allowance is 2.5 mm. Is additional Use d1 or d2, whichever is greater.
reinforcement required?
d1 p 4.286 in.
(300)(8.625)
th p p 0.080 in.
(2)(16,000)(1.0)(1.0) + (2)(0.4)(300)
Solution
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(300)(4.500)
No. According to para. 304.3.2(b), the design is ade- tb p p 0.042 in.
(2)(16,000)(1.0)(1.0) + (2)(0.4)(300)
quate to sustain the internal pressure and no calculations
are necessary. It is presumed, of course, that calculations tc p (0.7)(0.237) p 0.166 in., or 0.25, whichever is less
have shown the run pipe to be satisfactory for the service p 0.166 in.
conditions according to eqs. (2) and (3).
Minimum leg dimension of fillet weld
An NPS 8 run (header) in an oil piping system has A3 p (2)(0.268) 关 (0.207 − 0.042) − 0.10 兴 p 0.035 sq in.
an NPS 4 branch at right angles (see Fig. H311). Both
pipes are Schedule 40 API 5L Grade A seamless. The in branch welds
design conditions are 300 psig at 400°F. The fillet welds
at the crotch are minimum size in accordance with A 4 p (2)(1⁄2)(0.235)2 p 0.055 sq in.
para. 328.5.4. A corrosion allowance of 0.10 in. is speci-
The total reinforcement area p 0.527 sq in. This is
fied. Is additional reinforcement necessary?
more than 0.343 sq in. so that no additional reinforce-
ment is required to sustain the internal pressure.
Solution
d1 p 关4.5 − (2)(0.207 − 0.1) 兴 /sin 90 deg p 4.286 in.
From Table A-1, S p 8.0 ksi for Grade 6061-T6
(welded) pipe and S p 5.7 ksi for Grade 6063-T6
d2 p (0.207 − 0.1) + (0.282 − 0.1) + 4.286/2 (welded) pad, both at −320°F. From Table A-1B, E p 1.0
p 2.432 in. for ASTM B241; W p 1.0.
ASME B31.3-2016
7.749 in.
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(500)(6.625) Required reinforcement area
tb p p 0.113 in.
(2)(14,400)(1.0)(1.0) + (2)(0.4)(500)
A1 p (0.0935)(4.402) p 0.412 sq in.
6.625 − (2)(0.245 − 0.10) 6.335
d2 p d1 p p p 7.315 in. Try fillet welds only
sin 60 deg 0.866
(0.5)(0.322)
Leg dimension of weld p p 0.228 in.
H314 EXAMPLE 4 0.707
An NPS 8 run (header) in an oil piping system has Reinforcement area in fillet welds
an NPS 4 branch at right angles (Fig. H311). Both pipes
are Schedule 40 API 5L Grade A seamless. The design X2 p (2)(1⁄2)(0.228)2 p 0.052 sq in.
conditions are 350 psig at 400°F. It is assumed that the
piping system is to remain in service until all metal Total reinforcement area
thickness, in both branch and run, in excess of that
A 4 p X1 + X2 p 0.462 sq in.
required by eq. (3a) of para. 304.1.2 has corroded away
so that area A2 as defined in para. 304.3.3(c)(1) is zero. This total reinforcement area is greater than the
What reinforcement is required for this connection? required area; therefore, a reinforcing ring 61⁄4 in. O.D.,
cut from a piece of NPS 8 Schedule 40 API 5L Grade A
seamless pipe and welded to the connection with mini-
Solution mum size fillet welds would provide adequate reinforce-
From Appendix A, S p 16.0 ksi for API 5L Grade A ment for this connection.
(Table A-1); E p 1.0 for API 5L seamless (Table A-1B);
W p 1.0. H315 EXAMPLE 5 (Not Illustrated)
(350)(8.625) An NPS 11⁄2 Class 3000 forged steel socket welding
th p p 0.0935 in.
(2)(16,000)(1.0)(1.0) + (2)(0.4)(350) coupling has been welded at right angles to an NPS 8
ASME B31.3-2016
Solution
No. According to para. 304.3.2(b), the design is ade-
quate to sustain the internal pressure and no calculations
are necessary. It is presumed, of course, that calculations
have shown the run pipe to be satisfactory for the service
conditions according to eqs. (2) and (3).