Capsicum frutescens is a chilli pepper which is commercially known as bird pepper.

The
capsicum belongs to the family Solanaceae. The original distribution of capsicum is widely
spread from the Mexico in Central America and Columbia. This pepper is a plant with smooth,
medium-sized, elliptical leaves and slender branches up to 120 cm long. Capsicum frutescens is
geminated by seed. Capsicum frutescens achieve their full size in hot climate. Like most other
plants, Capsicum frutescens also favors heat and humidity environment but have very small
tolerance to drought. C. frutescens is cultivated mainly in home gardens, small field and are also
seen along the roadside. The key for the best result in growing seeds of Capsicum frustescens is
planted it in moist area. This is no doubt that the of seed of Capsicum frutescens rely on
moisture and had effected the seed germination rate.

Seed germination is usually affected by water quality. The moisture is illustrated by

different water that were collected from several places. There are 4 water sample which are A.
distilled water (positive control), B. acid solution (negative control), C. water from Sungai
Keluang and D. water from Tasik Harapan. Water from industrial area are more likely to get high
chances of pollution. The composition of water includes chemical substance thus low in pH
reading meter. Sample of water from lake in closed area give rise of algal blooms. The algal
blooms might give effect as it depleted oxygen in lakes and accumulate toxins. Distilled water
and acid solution function as a controller to find the the effect by water quality and the most
effective water that work best for the seed germination rate.

Changes in seed indicates the growth and development. The growth of seed or seed
germination rate can be measured by calculation of germination percentage. Germination
percentage is an estimate of the viability of a population seeds. The seed germination rate
provides a measure of the time course of seed germination. Germination rate is determined by
calculating the germination percentage at different time interval (Day; 6:00 am and Night; 6:00
pm). The equation to calculate is:

Germination percentage = (seeds germinated/total seeds) x 100

Days Total seeds in Seeds Total seeds Percent Cumulative

since treatment germinated germinated germination percent
start during time since To during time germination
interval interval
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