LITERATURE REVIEW

PROPER AGRICULTURAL INTENSIFICATION IN REALIZING

RESPONSIBLE PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION IN RELATION TO
TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS

ROHIMATUS SYAMSYIAH
150510190085
UNIVERSITAS PADJADJARAN

Abstract
Agriculture has a very big role in meeting the needs of human life, such as food, feed, fiber,
and biofuel(Grzelak et al. 2019). But over time, the amount of agricultural land is running low.
In overcoming this global problem, humans have intensified agricultural production. However,
in various parts of the world, the promotion of agricultural production is driven by using lots
of non-renewable resources that damage the environment. If this happens continuously, the
balance of the ecosystem will be disturbed. Therefore, in this paper we will discuss the right
agricultural intensification in realizing responsible production and consumption in relation to
terrestrial ecosystems. In writing this article, the writer uses the literature study method. The
results of the review literature indicate that leisa is the right system and technology in
intensifying agriculture to realize responsible production and consumption. Leisa can increase
agricultural productivity results without damaging the environment by utilizing existing local
resources and emphasizing the principle of recycling.
Keywords: Sustainable Agriculture, LEISA systems, Agricultural intensification.

1. Introduction land. This is certainly very influential

Agriculture has a very big role in on human food availability.
meeting the needs of human life, such In overcoming these global
as food, feed, fiber, and biofuel(Grzelak problems, people have intensified
et al. 2019). However, along with the agricultural production, namely by
development of the times, the amount of using off-farm inputs for higher
agricultural land is thinning due to the yields(Matson and Vitousek 2006).
population that continues to increase. However, in various parts of the world,
Many agricultural lands have been the intensification of agricultural
converted into residential and industrial production is driven by using non-
 renewable resources that damage the investments that are important for
environment(Lemaire et al. 2014). This efficiency, productivity and
is very contrary to the goals of SDG’s agroecosystem sustainability have
number 12, namely responsible changed due to the green
consumption and production. revolution(Singh 2000) that causes
If intensification of agriculture functional disruption that is
occurs continuously, the balance of the mediated by the loss of biodiversity
ecosystem will be distrupted. and ecosystem efficiency
Therefore, in this paper we will discuss (Srivastava et al. 2016).
the right agricultural intensification in Now, it is evident that
realizing responsible production and environmental degradation is
consumption in relation to terrestrial closely related to agricultural
ecosystems. modernization, for example in rural
2. Methods Latin America(Redclift 1989). In
In writing this article, the author uses addition, about 60% of the
the method of literature study, geographic area in Punjab, India is
beginning with collecting several experiencing land degradation, such
trusted articles from Science Direct and as erosion, water logging, salinity,
other sources. The, sort them based on toxicity, and alkalinity due to green
problem-cause-solution. revolution technology(Srivastava et
3. Result and Disscussion al. 2016). To overcome this, the
3.1. Agricultural Intensification and agricultural system must use fewer
Green Revolutions inputs and resources without
Agricultural intensification is drastically reducing yields to
based on several important achieve economic profitability,
principles, namely human food environmental safety, and social
needs and limited land fairness(Lichtfouse et al. 2009).
resources(Lobell, Baldos, and 3.2. Sustainable Agricultural
Hertel 2013). Agricultural To balance current and future
intensification led to the emergence population needs, it is important to
of Green Revolution technology have sustainable agricultural
that could multiply a lot of production(Erbaugh et al. 2019). At
agricultural production(Srivastava present, humans need agricultural
et al. 2016). Traditional pattern practices that are local, ecological
and socially economically viable for
sustainable production(Gomiero,
Pimentel, and Paoletti 2011). Some
experts consider that technology
that uses a small amount of external
input is a more appropriate and
sustainable way(Pretty, Morison,
and Hine 2003). The technology is
called LEISA (Low External input
and sustainable agriculture).
LEISA is agriculture that
utilizes natural resources such as
plants, air, land, animals, and
humans that are available in a place
that is economically appropriate,
environmentally friendly,
socially adapted to the local culture
in the region. LEISA is designed to
maximize the recycling process,
minimize the use of external inputs,
and provide regular income so
farmers can meet their daily needs
continuously (Asminaya et
2018). In the production subsystem,
the LEISA method draws on (1)
Optimizing the utilization
existing local resources
complementing various agricultural
components, such as plants, fish,
livestock, air, soil, climate, and
humans to complete and provide the
greatest synergistic effect; and (2)
Use of external inputs if needed, to
supplement the lacking elements in
the agroecosystem and increase
physical, biological, and human
resources. In utilizing external
inputs, the main concern is
minimization of Environmental
damage and recycling
damage(Djuwendah et al. 2018).
Examples of the application
of LEISA, namely in the livestock
business area (KUNAK) in Bogor,
are carried out by raising cattle
integrated with elephant grass to
reduce the cost of purchasing feed.
The disposal of dairy cow dung and
waste water is channeled into
and pasture to support the availability of
soil nutrients for elephant grass
growth and reduce the use of
chemical fertilizers(Asminaya et al.
2018). In addition, the
implementation of the LEISA
system can increase the productivity
al. and quality of potatoes in
Bali(Setiyo et al. 2016). The
implementation of the leisa system
of by farmers in Baturiti from 2010 to
by 2015 increased from 17 tons / ha to
33 ± 1.3 tons / ha. Chicken manure
and cow dung compost are used in
potato cultivation with a dose of 15-
25 tons/ha increasing the total
organic matter content, so that the
soil status is very fertile with more
than 5% organic material and the
 cation exchange capacity is 25-29
me/100 g(Setiyo et al. 2016).
4. Conclussion
Leisa is the right solution in
intensifying agriculture to realize
responsible production and
consumption. Leisa can increase
agricultural productivity results without
damaging the environment by utilizing
existing local resources and
emphasizing the principle of recycling.
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