AS 1554, Part 3—1983

Australian Standard®

SAA STRUCTURAL STEEL

WELDING CODE

Part 3—WELDING OF
REINFORCING STEEL
This Australian standard was prepared by Committee WD/3, Welding of Structures. It
was approved on behalf of the Council of the Standards Association of Australia on
28 June 1983 and published on 8 August 1983.

The following interests are represented on Committee WD/3:

Aluminium Development Council
Association of Consulting Engineers Australia
Australian Chamber of Commerce
Australian Institute of Steel Construction Ltd
Australian Welding Institute
Australian Welding Research Association
Bureau
Bureau of Steel Manufac
Manufacturer
turerss of Australia
Australia
Confederation of Australian Industry
Department of Defence
Department of Housing and Construction
Electricity
Electricity Supply
Supply Association
Association of Australia
Australia
Institution
Institution of Enginee
Engineers
rs Australia
Australia
Metal
Metal Trades Industry
Industry Association
Association of Australia
National
National Association
Association of Australian
Australian State Road Authorities
Authorities
Railways
Railways of Australia Committee
Committee
Snowy Mountains Engineering Corporation
Steel Reinforcement Promotion Group
University of Sydney

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industry, Australian
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subject 
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y. It is
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This Standard
Standard was issued in draft form for comment
comment as DR 82154
82154..
..
 AS 1554, Part 3—1983

Australian Standard®

STRUCTURAL STEEL WELDING

known as the
SAA STRUCTURAL STEEL
WELDING CODE

Part 3—WELDING OF
REINFORCING STEEL

Firs
Firstt publ
publish
ished
ed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1974
1974
Seco
Secondnd edition
edition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1983
1983

PUBLISHED BY ST AND
ANDARDS
ARDS AUSTRALIA
(STANDARDS
(STANDARDS ASSOCIATION
ASSOCIATION OF AUSTRALIA)
AUSTRALIA)
1 THE CRESCENT, HOMEBUSH, NSW 2140
ISBN 0 7262 3063 4
AS 1554, Part 3—1983 2

PREFACE

This edition of this standard was prepared

prepared by the Association’s
Association’s Committee onon Wel ding
of Structures to supersede AS 1554, Part 3—1974. It establishes requirements for the
welding
welding of reinforcem
reinforcementent intende
intended
d to form part of concre
concrete
te structures
structures designed
designed and
construc
constructed
ted in accordan
accordancece with AS 1480,
1480, SAA Concrete
Concrete St ructures
ructures Code.
An important
important differenc
differencee between
between this edition
edition and the 1974 edition is that it applies
applies to
the welding of reinforcing bars of Grade 410Y to AS 1302.
As the welda
weldabi
bility
lity of Grade
rade 410Y
410Y had
had not
not been
been fully
fully deter
determin
mined
ed prior
prior to the
the
publicati
publication
on of AS 1302—19
1302—198282,, an amendme
amendment
nt to AS 1302
1302 was subseque
subsequently
ntly issued
issued
involving
involving t he lowering of the carbon equivalent
equivalent value for Grade
Grade 410Y from 0.60 to
0.39 for the purpose of ensuring ease in weldability. Requirements for steel material
with carbon equivalent value greater than 0.39 are incorporated in this edition.
It is intended that welding operations, other than flash butt welding and name pressure
welding,
welding, will be carried
carried out under
under t he supervision
supervision of a person
person certified
certified i n accordanc
accordancee
with AS 2214, SAA Structural Steel Welding Supervisors Certification Code.

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Copyright STANDARDS
STANDARDS AUSTRAL
AUSTRALIA
IA
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 3 AS 1554, Part 3—1983
3—1983

CONTENTS

Page Page
SECTION
SECTION 1. SCOPE
SCOPE AND GENERAL
GENERAL 5. 7 Eq ui
uipm enent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
5.8
5.8 Qual
Qualific
ificaation
tion of Weldin
elding g Proce
Procedu dure
re 18
1. 1 Sc op
ope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
5.9 Produ
roductio
ctionn Con
Control
trol Tests
ests . . . . . . . 19
1. 2 Ap pl
pli ca
cat io
io n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.3 Refere
eferen nced
ced Doc
Documeumentsnts . . . . . . . . . 4 5.10
.10 Defe
efecti
ctive WeWellds . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
1. 4 De fi
fin it
iti on
ons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1. 5 We ld
ldi ng
ng SySy mb
mbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 SECTION
SECTION 6. FLAME
FLAME PRESSURE WELDING
WELDING
1.6
1.6 Weldi
We lding
ng of Rei Reinf
nforc
orcining
g Steel
Steel . . . . . 4 6. 1 Gener alal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
1.7 Joining
Joining Reinforcing
Reinforcing Steel Steel toto 6. 2 Si ze
zes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Struct
tructu ures
res . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 6. 3 Ba r P re
re pa
par at
ati on
on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
1.8 Weldin
elding g Proc
Procesesse
sess . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 6. 4 Al ig
ignm enent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
1.9 Weldin
elding g Equ
Equiipmen
pmentt . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 6. 5 Cl ea
eanl in
in es
es s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
6. 6 Wo rk
rkma ns nshi p . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
SECTION
SECTION 2. MATERIA
MATERIALS
LS OF
OF CONSTRUCTIO
CONSTRUCTION
N 6.7
6.7 Qual
Qualific
ificaation
tion of Weldin
elding g Proce
Procedu dure
re 20
2.1 Parent
arent Ma
Mater
terial
ial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 6.8 Produ
roductio
ction n Con
Control
trol Tests
ests . . . . . . . 20
2.2 Back
acking
ing Mater
Material
ial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 6. 9 Def ect iv e W eld s 20
2.3 Weldin
elding
g Con
Conssumab
umablles . . . . . . . . . . 6
SECTION
SECTION 7. QUALIFICA
QUALIFICATION
TION OF
OF WELDING
WELDING
SECTION
SECTION 3. DETAILS
DETAILS OF FUSION
FUSION WELDED PROCEDURE BY TESTING
CONNECTIONS 7. 1 Gener al
al . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . .. 21
3. 1 Gener al
al . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .. . . . . 7 7.2
7.2 Meth
Methodod ofof Qual
Qualific
ificati
ation
on . . ... . .. 21
3. 2 Bu tt
tt Sp
Spl ic
ice s . . .. . . .. . . . .. . .. . 7 7. 3 Te st
sts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . .. 21
3. 3 La p S pl
pli ce
ces . . .. . . .. . . . .. . .. . 7 7. 4 Re te
test s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .. 21
3. 4 Ta ck
ck We
Wel dsds . . .. . . .. . . . .. . .. . 7
SECTION
SECTION 8. TEST REQUIREMENT
REQUIREMENTS
S
SECTION
SECTION 4. QUALIFICA
QUALIFICATION
TION OF
OF WELDING
WELDING
PROCEDURES AND WELDING 8.1
8.1 Product
Production
ion Control
Control Test
Test
PERSONNEL FOR FUSION Requ
equireme
irement
ntss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
WELDING 8.2
8.2 Macr
Macroo Test Requ
Require
ireme
ment
ntss . . .. . . . 22
4.1
4.1 Qual
Qualific
ificaation
tion of Weldin
eldingg Proce
Procedu dure
re 8 8.3
8.3 Tens
Tensile
ile Test
Test Requ
Require
ireme
mentntss . .. . . . 22
4.2
4.2 Metho
Methodd of
of Qua
Qualific
lificati
ation
on of Weld-
Weld- 8.4 Bend
end Test
Test Requ
Require
ireme
men nts . . .. . . . 22
ing Proc
Proced
eduure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
4.3 Prequa
requallified
ified We
Weldldiing Proc
Proceedur
dures . . 8 SECTION
SECTION 9. INSPECT
INSPECTION
ION
4.4
4.4 Prequ
Prequal
alifie
ified
d Joint
Joint Prepa
Prepara
rati
tion
onss . . . . 8 9.1 Exam
Examininaation
tion of
of We
Weldldiing . . . . . . . 23
4.5
4.5 Qual
Qualifica
ification
tion of
of Weldin
Welding g Consu
Consuma mable
bless 8 9.2
9.2 Qual
Qualific
ificaations
tions of
of Ins
Inspe
pect
ctor
orss . .. . . 23
4.6
4.6 Requa
Requalifi
lificat
cation
ion of Fusion
Fusion Weld-
Weld- 9.3 Privile
rivilege
gess of Insp
Inspec
ecto
tors
rs . . . . . . .. 23
ing Proc
Proced
eduures
res . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 9.4 Insp
nspect
ection
ion of Weld
Weldererss . . . . . . . .. 23
4.7
4.7 Qual
Qualific
ificaation
tion of Weldin
eldingg Perso
Personn nnel
el . 8 9.5 Insp
nspect
ection
ion of Work
Work . . . . . . . .. .. 23
9.6 Insp
nspect
ection
ion after
after We
Weld
ldiing . . . . . . . 23
4. 8 Wo rk
rkma ns
nshi p . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
APPENDICES
SECTION
SECTION 5. FLASH
FLASH BUTT
BUTT WELDING
WELDING
A A Chec
Check k List
List of Matt
Matter
erss for
for Disc
Discusussi
sion
on 24
5. 1 Gener al
al . . . . . . . .. .. .. . .. .. . 18
B Recommen
Recommended ded Method
Method for Joint and
5. 2 Si ze
zes . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. . .. ... 18
5. 3 Ba r P re
re pa
par at
ati on
on . . .. .. .. . .. .. . 18 Proce
Processss Ide
Identi
ntific
ficat
ation
ion . . . . . . . . . . . 25
5. 4 Al ig
ignm enent . . . . . . . .. .. . . . .. . 18 C A Suitable
Suitable Form of Welding
Welding Pro-
5. 5 Cl ea
eanl in
in es
es s . . . . . . . .. .. . . . .. . 18 ce du
dur e S he
heet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
5. 6 Wo rk
rkma nsnshi p . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. 18 ANNEX.
ANNEX. LIST OF REFERENCED
REFERENCED
DO CU
CUME NT
NT S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
AS 1554, Part 3—1983 4

STANDARDS ASSOCIATION OF AUSTRALIA

Australian Standard
for
STRUCTURAL
STRUCTURAL STEEL
STEEL WELDING
WELDING

PART 3—WELDING OF REIN

REINFORCING
FORCING STEEL

SECTION
SECTION 1. SCOPE
SCOPE AND GENERAL
GENERAL

1.1 SCOPE. This standard sets out requirements for 1.4.7 Indirect butt splice—a
splice—a splice between two bars
mate
aterials
rials of cons onstruct
truction
ion,, preq
requalif
ualified
ied weldeld of reinfo
reinforce
rceme
ment
nt whose
whose axes
axes are appro
approxim
ximat
ately
ely
preparations, methods for the qualification of welding coline
colinear
ar wherein
wherein the bars are
are welde
welded
d to a comm
commonon
proc
procedu
edures
res and
and weldin
weldingg perso
personn
nnel
el,, togeth
together
er with splice member by either single or double bevel welds,
workm
workmanansh
ship
ip and
and inspe
inspecti
ction
on require
requireme
ments
nts for the the cross-section of the bars where they butt together
weldin
weldingg of reinfor
reinforcing
cing steel
steel in concr
concrete
ete structu
structures
res remain
remaining
ing unweld
unwelded
ed.. The splice
splice memb
memberer may be
designed
designed and constructed in accordance
accordance with AS 1480 plat
plate,
e, angle
angle,, bar
bar or other
other shap
shapee appr
approv
oved
ed by the
and AS 1481. Supervising Engineer.
It i s intend
intended
ed for the welding
welding of reinforc
reinforcing
ing steel
steel 1.4.8
1.4.8 Principal
Principal——the purc
purch
haser
aser or own
owner of the
complying with AS 1302, AS 1303 and AS 1304, but structure being fabricated or erected, or his nominated
applie
ppliess also
lso to the
the weld
welding
ing of steel
steel conn
connecectio
tionn representative.
devices,
devices, inserts, anchors and anchor details, including 1.4.9
1.4.9 Reinforcin
Reinforcing
g steel
steel—material
—material complying
complying with
pref
prefabr
abric
icate
ated
d asse
assemb
mblie
liess requi
required
red in rein
reinfo
force
rcedd AS 1302, AS 1303 or AS 1304, as appropriate.
concret
concretee and precast
precast concre
concretete construc
constructions
tions,, in t he
fabrication shop and in the field. 1.4.
1.4.10
10 Single
Single lap splice
splice—a
—a joint
joint cons
consist
isting
ing of a
single weld deposited in the groove formed between
NOTE:
NOTE: Appe
Append
ndix
ix A gives
gives a list
list of matters
matters of a cont
contract
ractual
ual
two bars in contact where only one side is accessible.
nature
nature which
which might need
need to be finalized
finalized between
between t he principal
principal
and the contractor. 1.4.11 Specification—the
Specification—the specification forming part
1.2 APPLICATION. This standard applies primarily of the documents in which is set out the work to be
to t he weldin
welding
g of reinfo
reinforci
rcing
ng steel
steel and other steel
steel executed.
devi
devices
ces intend
intended
ed for use
use in rein
reinfor
forced
ced conc
concret
retee 1.4
1.4.12
.12 Super
Supervis
visin
ing
g Engine
Engineeer— thth e En gi
gi ne
ne er
er
construction complying with AS 1480 and AS 1481. responsible
responsible for the supervision of the construction.
construction.
1.3 REFERENCED
REFERENCED DOCUMENTS.
DOCUMENTS. A list with titles 1.4.13
1.4.13 Tack weld—a
weld—a short weld used
used for assembly
assembly
of t he docume
documents
nts referred
referred to in this standa
standard
rd is given and fixing purposes only.
in the Annex.
1.5 WELDING
WELDING SYMBOLS. Welding symbols shown
1.4 DEFINITIONS. For the purpose of this standard, on drawings
drawings shall comply
comply with AS 1101,
1101, Part 3.
the welding
welding symb
symbol
olss and
and terms
terms given
given in AS 1101,
1101,
Part 3 and AS Z5 apply, together with the following 1.6 WELDING OF REINFORCING STEEL.
definitions: 1.6.1
1.6.1 Approval
Approval and Type of Welding.
Welding. Welding of 
1.4.1 Approved—except
Approved—except as may be otherwise stated, reinforcing steel shall not be carried out unless it is
appro
pprove
ved
d by the
the Princi
Principal
pal,, the
the Desig
Designe
nerr or the shown
hown on the drawi
drawings
ngs,, or in other
other appr
approp
opria
riate
te
Supervising Engineer, as appropriate.
appropriate. documents,
documents, or is otherwise approved.

1.4.
1.4.2
2 Contr
Contracactor
tor—— t he
he per so
son, per s ons or Welding
Welding of reinforci
reinforcing
ng steel
steel shall comply with the
organization responsible for executing the work. requirements of this standard.

1.4.3 Contract drawings—the

drawings—the drawings forming part 1.6.
1.6.2
2 Limi
Limitat
tation
ionss on Weldi
Welding.
ng. The followin
following
g
of the documents in which is set out the work to be limitations
limitations on welding
welding shall
shall apply:
apply:
executed. (a) Where
Where tack welds are are not
not shown on the drawings
drawings
1.4.4 Designer—the
Designer—the person, persons or organization but
but are required to maintain
maintain the reinforci
reinforcing
ng steel
responsible for the design of the structure. in i ts correct
correct position,
position, only
only approved
approved tack welds
that comply with the requirements of Clause 3.4
1.4.5 Direct butt splice—a
splice—a splice between two bars shall be made.
of r einforcin
einforcingg steel whose
whose axes
axes are approxi
approximately
mately
colinear, the bars having been joined by a butt weld (b) Except
Except where tack welding
welding of main bars
bars into the
mad e fr omom b ot
ot h s id
id es
es o r f ro
ro m o ne
ne si de
de w it
it h corners
corners of fitments
fitments is approved,
approved, welding
welding shall
shall
permanent or temporary backing and having complete not
not be carrie
carried
d out
out withi
within
n 75 mm of anyany bent
bent
pene
penetra
trati
tion
on and
and fusi
fusion
on of weld
weld and
and base
base meta
metall port
portion
ion of a bar
bar whic
whichh has
has or had a bend
bend of 
througho
throughout ut the depth of the splice. internal radius less than 6 times the bar size.

1.4.6
1.4.6 Double
Double lap splice—a
splice—a joint
joint cons
consistin
isting
g of two 1.6.
1.6.3
3 Welding
Welding Differe
Different
nt Grade
Gradess of Reinfo
Reinforci
rcing
ng
welds,
welds, deposit
deposited
ed in the t wo grooves
grooves formed
formed between
between Steels. It shal
shalll be permis
permissib
sible
le to weld
weld togeth
together
er
two bars in contact.

COPYRIGHT
 5 AS 1554, Part 3—1983
3—1983

diff
differe
erent
nt gra
grades
des and
and types
types of rein
reinfor
forci
cing
ng ste
steels 1.9 WELDING EQUIPMENT.
prov
provide
ided
d that
that the appr
approp
opriate
riate requi
requireme
rementntss of this 1.9.1
1.9.1 Compliance
Compliance with Standards.
Standards. Welding plant plant
standard are complied with for each grade. and equipment
equipment for metal-arc and flash buttbutt welding
welding
1.7 J OIOIN IN
IN G R EIEIN FO
FO RCRCI NG
NG S TE TE EL
EL TO shall
shall comply with relevant
relevant standards
standards issued
issued by the
STRUCTURES. Where Where reinfo
reinforc
rcing
ing steel
steel is to be Standar
Standards
ds Associ
Association
ation of Austral
Australia
ia and
and with any
 joi ned to st eel plate , rolled
ro lled secti ons or hollo w requ
equireme
irement
ntss of the Statu
Statuttory
ory Auth
Autho ority.
rity. The
section
ectionss by butt
butt or fillet
fillet welds
welds,, the
the welds
welds shal
shalll electrical equipment
equipment of the machine shall
shall comply with
comply with the requirements for structural welding the appropriate requirements of AS 3000.
given in AS 1554, Part 1. Applic
Applicab
able
le standa
standards
rds are AS 1966
1966,, AS 1995
1995 and
Interconnection of precast concrete members by way AS C301.
of reinforcing steel projecting from the concrete may 1.9.
1.9.2
2 Safety
Safety Precau
Precautions
tions.. The requi
requirem
remen
ents
ts of 
be mad
made by fus fusion
ion welds
elds comp
compllying
ying with
with this AS 1336, AS 1337, AS 1338, AS 1470, AS 1674 and
standard. AS CC5,
CC5, as appr
approp
opri
riate
ate,, shal
shalll be comp
compli
lied
ed with
1.8 WELDING
WELDING PROCESSES.
PROCESSES. We Weldlding
ing shall
shall be during welding.
perfo
performe
rmed d using
using manu
manualal metal-a
metal-arc
rc welding
welding,, semi-
semi- Suitable welding screens shall be provided to protect
autom
automatic
atic or autom
automatic
atic gas-sh
gas-shield
ielded
ed or flux cored
cored welders
welders or other persons
persons in the i mmediate
mmediate vicinity
vicinity of 
metal
metal-a
-arc
rc weld
weldin
ing,
g, flash
flash butt
butt weldin
elding,
g, or flame
flame welding.
pressure
pressure welding.
welding. O ther welding processes
processes may be
approved
approved following satisfactory procedure
procedure testing. NOTE:
NOTE: AWRA Technic
Technical
al Note
Note 7 also gives guidance
guidance in safe
safe
practices to be employed.

COPYRIGHT
AS 1554, Part 3—1983 6

SECTION
SECTION 2. MATERIA
MATERIALS
LS OF CONSTR
CONSTRUCT
UCTION
ION

2.1
2.1 PARENT
PARENT MATERIA
MATERIAL. L. Parent
Parent material
material shall
shall (b)
(b) For
For proce
processses
ses other
other than
than manu
manuaal meta
metal-a
l-arc
rc
incl
include
ude steel
steel rein
reinfor
force
ceme
ment
nt,, stee
steell plat
plates,
es, rolle
rolled
d welding
elding . . . . . . . . . . AS 1588
1588 and AS
AS 2203.
2203.
sectio
sections
ns and
and hollow
hollow secti
sections
ons (inclu
(includin
dingg tubes
tubes),
), Other electrodes may be used provided that they are
comp
omplyi
lying with AS 1163 163, AS 12041204,, AS 1205,
205, qualifi
qualified
ed in accor
accordan
dance
ce with t he require
requiremen
ments
ts of 
AS 1302, AS 1303 and AS 1304, as appropriate. Clause 4.5.2.
Other
Other steels
steels shall
shall be used only
only after
after the weldin
welding
g 2.3.2 Storage of Welding Consumables. Electrodes
procedures
procedures have been established and approved. shall be stored in their original packets or cartons in
NOTE: This standard applies also to repairs and alterations to a dry place, adequately protected from the effects of 
existing
existing buildings where
where care should
should be taken
taken to i dentify steel in weather. Where special protection during storage and
existing
existing structures
structures and speci
special
al care should be taken to ensure use is recomme
recommende
ndedd by the manufact
manufacturer,
urer, they
they shall
shall
that
that the electr
electrode
odess and
and weldi
welding
ng proce
procedu
dures
res selec
selected
ted are
appropr
appropriate
iate to the parent
parent material
material to be welded. be stored
tored in acco
accorda
rdanc
ncee with
with the reco
recomm
mmen ende
ded
d
conditions.
conditions. Fi ller metals shall be dry, smooth
smooth and free
2.2 BACKING MATERIAL. Steel backing material from corrosion
corrosion or other matter deleterious
deleterious either
either to
to be fus
fused in thethe weldin
eldingg proc
proceess shal
hall hav
have satisfa
satisfact
ctory
ory opera
operation
tion or to the weld metal.
metal. If t he
weldability not less than that of the parent material. electrodes or filler metals are coated,
coated, the coating shall
2.3 WELDING CONSUMABLES. be con
continu
tinuoous and firml
firmlyy adhe
dheren
rent. Whe
Where the
manu
manufac
factur
turer
er make
makess speci
specific
fic recom
recommen
mendadation
tionss
2.3.1 Electrodes and Filler Wires. Electrodes for the
covering conditioning and pre-treatment of electrodes
welding of the parent material specified in Clause 2.1
prior to use, such recommendations shall be followed.
shall
shall comply
comply with the following:
following:
NOTE: AWRA Technical
Technical Note 3 contains
contains recommendations
recommendations for
(a) For manua
manuall metal-ar
metal-arcc weldi
welding
ng . . . . AS 1553.
1553. the storage and conditioning of electrodes.

COPYRIGHT
 7 AS 1554, Part 3—1983
3—1983

SECTION
SECTION 3. DETAILS
DETAILS OF FUSION WELDED CONNECTI
CONNECTIONS
ONS

3.1 GENERAL.
NOTE:
NOTE: Double
Double-V
-V and
and doub
double-
le-bev
bevel
el butt
butt splic
splices
es may have
have
3.1.
3.1.1
1 Types
Types of Fusion
Fusion Welded
Welded Connec
Connection
tions.
s. A preparations unequal in depth.
fusion
fusion welded
welded connec
connection
tion shall
shall be a butt
butt splice, a lap 3.2.2
3.2.2 Indirect
Indirect Butt Splices.
Splices. Indirect butt splices shall
splice, or a tack weld. compl y w itit h Ta bl
ble 4. 2 and th e f ol oll ow
owing
3.1.
.1.2 Desi
Desiggn Throa
hroat Thickn
hicknes
esss. Fo r s tr
tre ss
ss requirements:
calculations, the design throat thickness shall be the (a) Welding
Welding of reinfo
reinforce
rcemen
mentt to the splice
splice plate
plate or
throat size of the weld (see Fig. 3.1). angle
angle shall
shall be by means of fillet welds,
welds, or to the
3.1.3 Throat Size of Weld. The throat size of a weld splice sleeve by means of end fillet welds.
S  shall be as follows: (b) As applicabl
applicable,
e, the splice plate,
plate, angle,
angle, sleeve and
and
(a) For an indire
ndirect
ct butt
butt splic
splicee and
and a lap spli
plice at ta
tach in
in g w el
eld s s ho
houl d h av
ave se ctcti on
ons o f  
. . . . . not
not less
less than
than 0.25
0.25 times
times the size
size of the sufficient
sufficient strength
strength to meet the requirements
requirements of 
smaller
smaller bar joined.
joined. AS 1480.
(b) For a direc
irectt butt splice
plice ....
.... the
the size
size of the 3.3 LAP SPLICES. Lap splices shall comply comply with
smaller
smaller bar joined.
joined. Tabl
Tablee 4.3.
4.3. The width
width of a finishe
finished
d weld
weld of a lap
splice
splice shall be not
not less than 0.45 times the size of the
3.1.4
3.1.4 Effective
Effective Length.
Length. The effective
effective length
length of an
smaller
smaller bar joined.
joined.
indirect butt splice or of a lap splice shall be taken to
be the length of the weld that is of the specified size 3.4 TACK WELDS.
throughout. 3.4.1
3.4.1 Limitations
Limitations on Tack Welds. The number
number of 
3.1.5 Finished Width. The width of a finished weld tack welds shall be kept to the minimum necessary to
of an indirect butt splice or of a lap splice shall be loca
locate
te the rein
reinfor
forcin
cing
g ste
steel durin
during
g erecti
erection
on and
not
not less
less t han
han 0.45
0.45 times
times the size
size of the smaller
smaller bar
bar placement of concrete.
 joi ned. Tack
ack weld
weldss shall
hall not
not subst
ubstaanti
ntially
ally redu
educe the
the
3.1.6 Effective Area. The effective
effective area of a weld for cross-sec
cross-section
tion of the reinforcing
reinforcing steel
steel nor adversel
adversely
y
an indirect butt splice or a lap splice shall be taken as affect
affect its strength.
strength.
the sum of the products of the effective length and 3.4.2 Size of a Tack Weld. Tack welds shall—
the applicable design throat thickness.
(a) have
have a throat thickn
thickness
ess not less
less than 4 mm;
The effective area of a weld for a direct butt splice
shall be taken as the area of the smaller bar joined. (b) have a len
length not
not less
ess than
han the
the size
size of the
smaller bar; and
3.2 BUTT SPLICES.
(c) compl
complyy with the prehea
preheatt requir
requireme
ements
nts given
given in
3.2.1
3.2.1 Direct
Direct Butt Splices. Direct butt splices shall Table 4.7.
comply with Table 4.1.

*W  = width of weld.

Fig.
Fig. 3.1
3.1.. DESIGN THROAT
THROAT THICKNESS
THICKNESS AND EFFECTIVE
EFFECTIVE LENGTH
LENGTH

COPYRIGHT
AS 1554, Part 3—1983 8

SECTION
SECTION 4. QUALIFICAT
QUALIFICATION
ION OF WELDING
WELDING PROCE
PROCEDURES
DURES
AND WELDING PERSONNEL FOR FUSION WELDING

4 .1
.1 Q UA
UA L I F I CA
C A TI
T I ON
ON OF W E L DI
D I NG
NG 4.4.
4.4.3
3 Prequ
Prequalifi
alified
ed Lap Splices
Splices.. Joint preparations
preparations
PROCEDURE. The welding procedure, i.e. the joint comp
complylyin
ing
g with
with Table
Table 4.3
4.3 shal
shalll be deem
deemed
ed to be
preparation, the welding consumables
consumables and the welding prequalified for all processes.
para
aramet
meters,
ers, shal
shalll be quaqualifie
lified
d befo
beforre weld
weldiing 4 .5
.5 Q U A L I F I C AT
AT I O N OF W EL DIN G
commences. CONSUMABLES.
The Contracto
Contractorr shall establish a welding
welding procedur
proceduree 4.5.1
4.5.1 Prequalif
Prequalified
ied Welding
Welding Consumabl
Consumables.es. Where
and shall list the applicable parameters in a document welding consumables are matched with the steel type in
known
known as the ‘welding
‘welding procedu
procedure
re sheet’.
sheet’. A suitable
suitable accor
accorda
danc
ncee with t he requi
requirem
remen
entsts of Table
Table 4.4
4.4 and
and
type
ype of welwelding
ding proc
proceedure
dure she
sheet is show
shown
n in compl
comply y with the other
other relev
relevan
antt requi
requirem
remen
ents
ts of this
Appendix
Appendix C . stand
tandar
ard
d and
and prov
provid
ided
ed that
that they
they are
are used
used in the
the
4.2 ME TH
THOD OF QUA LI LIF IC
IC AT
ATI ON
ON OF posi
positi
tions
ons recom
recomme
mendnded
ed by the manufmanufac
actu
turer
rer,, such
such
WELDING
WELDING PROCEDURE.
PROCEDURE. A welding welding procedu
procedure
re weldi
lding conconsumables
les shall be dee deemed to be
shall be qualified by one of the following methods: prequalified and shall not require qualification testing.
(a) A proce
procedur
duree prequ
prequalifi
alified
ed in accor
accorda
dance
nce with 4.5.
4.5.2
2 Quali
Qualifica
ficatio
tionn of Welding
Welding Consu
Consumab
mableless by
Clause 4.3. Testing. Wher
Wheree weldi
elding
ng cons
onsuma
umables
les are
are notnot
prequalified in accordance with Clause 4.5.1, they may
(b) Production
Production of documentary
documentary evidence
evidence of relevant
relevant
be qualif
qualified
ied in conjunc
conjunction
tion with
with a welding procedure
procedure
prior experienc
experiencee by the Contractor.
Contractor.
qualification test in accordance with Section 7.
NOTE:
NOTE: A completed
completed welding
welding procedure
procedure sheet
sheet such
such as that
shown
shown in Appendix
Appendix C, together
together with records of any tests
tests 4.6 REQUALIFICATION OF FUSION WELDING
carried out, including suitable photographs of the test pieces, PROCEDURES.
constitutes
constitutes documentary evidence
evidence of prior experience.
4.6.1
4.6.1 Changes
Changes in Essential Essential Variab
Variables les Necess
Necessitati
itating
ng
(c) Prepara
Preparatio
tion
n of a test
test piece
piece which
which simula
simulates
tes as R eq
eq ua
u a l i f ic
ic a
att iio
o n of W eell di
d i n g P rroo ce
ce d ur
u r e.
e.
closely
closely as practicab
practicable
le the weld preparat
preparation,
ion, the Requa
Requalif
lific
icati
ation
on of a fusiofusion
n weldi
welding ng proce
procedu
dure
re by
grade, type and size of the reinforcement and the testing in accordance with Section 7 shall be required
welding conditions to be used in production. The where changes in the essential variables for the welding
test piece shall be tested in accordance with the procedure exceed the limits given in Table 4.5.
requirements of Section 7.
4.6.2 Minor Changes Necess
Necessitating
itating Requalification
Requalification of 
4.3 PREQUALIFIED WELDING PROCEDURES. Welding
Welding Procedu
Procedure re by Macro
Macro Test.
Test. Requalification
Requalification of 
We ld
ldi ng
ng pr oc
ocedur es
es s ha
hall be dee me
med t o be the welding procedure
procedure by a macro test taken either from
prequalified where— a product
production
ion splice or from a special
special splice welded
welded for
(a) the join
jointt prep
prepaaratio
ration
ns are pre
prequal
qualiified
fied in the
the purp
purpososee shal
shalll be requ
require
ired
d where
where change
changess in the
accordance
accordance with Clause 4.4; essential
essential variables for the welding procedure
procedure exceed the
limits given in Table 4.6.
(b) the consnma
consnmables
bles are prequalified
prequalified in accordan
accordance
ce
with Clause 4.5; 4 .7
.7 Q U A L I F I C AT
AT I O N OF W EL DIN G
PERSONNEL.
(c)
(c) the
the workma
workmansnship
hip and
and weldi
welding
ng tech
techn
nique
iques,
s,
including
including the preheat
preheat and interrun
interrun temperatur
temperaturee 4.7.1
4.7.1 Welding
Welding Superviso
Supervisor. r. Welding
Welding shall
shall be carried
requireme
requirements,
nts, comply
comply with the requireme
requirements
nts of  out
out unde
underr the supe
superv
rvisi
ision
on of a weldi
welding
ng super
supervi
viso
sorr
this standard; and empl
employ
oyed
ed by the Contr
Contracacto
tor.
r. The funct
functio
ion
n of the
welding supervisor shall be to ensure that all welding
(d) wher
wheree requ requiired,
red, docu
ocumenmentary
tary evide
viden
nce is
is ca rr
rrie d out as specifie d in the plans and
ava il
il ab
abl e o f a s aatti sf
sf ac
act or
ory m ac
acr o te st
st in
specif
specification
icationss or other
other docume
documents nts in accorda
accordance
nce with
accordance
accordance with Clause 7.3.
the requiremen
requirementsts of this standard.
standard. Such
Such a supervi
supervisor
sor
4.4 PREQUALIFIED JOINT PREPARATIONS. shall be a person who—
4.4.1 General.
General. The joint preparation
preparationss prescribed
prescribed in (a)
(a) holds
holds an Austral
Australia
ian
n Welding
Welding Insti
Institute
tute welding
welding
Clause
lausess 4.4.
4.4.2
2 and
and 4.4.
4.4.3
3 shal
shalll be deem
deemeded to be supervisor’s certificate in structural steel welding
prequalified provided that the welding processes and in accor
accorda
danc
ncee with
with AS 2214
2214,, or has equi
equiva
valen
lentt
co ns
nsu ma
mable s u se
sed ar e i n w el eld in
ing p os
osi t io
io ns
ns qual
qualif
ifica
icatio
tions
ns acce
accept
ptab
able
le to the Supe Superv
rvis
isin
ing
g
recommended
recommended by the electrode manufacturer. Engineer;
4.4.2
4.4.2 Prequalified
Prequalified Butt Splices. Joint preparations (b)
(b) has
has serve
servedd an appr
appren
entic
ticesh
eship
ip in an appr
approp
opria
riate
te
conforming to the dimensions given for the processes metal
metal trade and during or subsequ
subsequent
ent thereto
thereto has
indicated in Tables 4.1 and 4.2 shall be deemed to be had
had 5 year
years’
s’ expe
experi
rien
ence
ce in the fabri
fabrica
cati
tion
on of 
prequalified. welded steel structures, and is able to satisfy the
All butt splices that are to be welded from both sides Supervis
Supervising
ing Enginee
Engineerr that he is suitable for the
using
using these prequal
prequalified
ified preparations
preparations shall
shall have the work upon which he will be employed;
back
back of t he first run gouged
gouged out
out by suitable means
means to (c) has had
had at least
ast 7 year
ears’ exp
experience in the
sound metal before welding is started on the second fabr
fabric
icat
atio
ion
n of reinfo
reinforc
rcing
ing stee
steell and
and is able
able to
side,
side, unless
unless evidence
evidence is produc
produced
ed by macroetching
macroetching satisfy the Supervising Engineer that he is suitable
that complete
complete fusion
fusion can be obtained
obtained without
without such
such for the work upon which he will be employed; or
gouging.

COPYRIGHT
 9 AS 1554, Part 3—1983
3—1983

(d)
(d) is the
the hold
holder
er of a dipl
diplom
omaa or a certcertif
ific
icat
atee in The
The surf
surfac
aces
es of bars
bars of uneq
unequa
uall size
size shal
shalll lie
lie
Engineering or Metallurgy of an approved technical wholly
wholly within
within the projection
projection of the surface
surface of the
coll
colleege or is a grad
gradua
uate
te in Engi
Engineneeering
ring or thicker bar in the joint.
Metal
etallu
lurg
rgy
y of a reco
recoggnize
nized
d univ
univererssity
ity andand
(c)
(c) Parts
Parts to be lap lap spli
splice
ced
d shal
shalll be brou
brough
ghtt into as
subsequent to obtaining his diploma, certificate or
close
lose a conta ontact
ct as pra practic
cticaable
ble to mini
minimimizze
deg
degree
ree has hadhad 3 yea
years’
rs’ expe
experi
rieence
nce in the the
distor
distortio
tion.
n. The gap due to faulty workmans
workmanship hip or
fabrication of welded steel structures.
incorre
incorrectct fit-up
fit-up shall
shall not be more
more than
than 0.25
0.25 times
4.7.2 Welders. The following requirements shall apply the
the size
size of the bar bar or 3 mm,
mm, whic
whicheheve
verr is the
the
to the qualification of welders: lesser
lesser.. If separa
separatio
tion
n occurs
occurs locall
locally,
y, the effecti
effective
ve
(a) All welders
welders shall
shall be suitably
suitably qualifie
qualified
d to carry
carry out throat thickness of the weld shall be maintained.
the
the weld
weldin
ingg proc
proced
edur
ures
es on whic
whichh they
they will
will be (d) All tack
tack welds, whether
whether to be consumed
consumed ultimately
ultimately
employed. The Contractor shall provide satisfactory or not,
not, shal
shalll be subj
subjec
ecte
ted
d to the
the same
same init
initia
iall
evidence that welders are suitably qualified. treatment (preheating) as for the final welds. Tack 
(b)
(b) A weld
welder
er not
not alre
alread
ady
y qual
qualif
ifie
ied
d for
for the
the weld
weldining
g welds
welds that are to be consum
consumeded in the final
final weld
weld
proces
processs requir
requireded by the weldin
welding g proced
procedure
uress on shall be cleaned of slag before being fused into the
which
which he is to be employed
employed shall
shall be required
required to weld. Defective, cracked or broken welds shall be
demo
demons
nstr
trat
atee his abil
abilit
ity
y to comp
complyly with
ith the
the removed before the final welding.
appropriate
appropriate requirements
requirements of this standard
standard by means 4.8.3 Gouging. In all butt splices that are to be welded
of a macro test. from
from both
both side
sides,
s, the
the back
back of the
the firs
firstt run
run shal
shalll be
(c) A person
person operat
operating
ing automa
automatic
tic or semi-a
semi-auto
utomat
matic
ic gouged
gouged out by suitab
suitable
le means to clean
clean metal
metal before
before
equipment and qualified to use a particular process weld
weldin
ing
g is star
starte
ted
d on that
that side
side,, unle
unless
ss evid
eviden
ence
ce is
with
with an approv
approved
ed consum
consumabl
ablee or combin
combinati
ation
on of  produced
produced that the welding
welding procedure
procedure employed
employed is such
consumable
consumabless shall be considered
considered qualified
qualified to use that complete fusion is obtained without such gouging.
other
other approv
approved
ed consum
consumabl
ables
es or combin
combinati
ations
ons of 
4.8.4 Positioning of Work. The work should, whenever
consumables with the same process.
prac
practi
tica
cabl
ble,
e, be posi
positi
tion
oned
ed for
for weld
weldin
ing
g in the
the flat
flat
(d) Qualifi
Qualificat
cation
ionss establ
establish
ished
ed under
under this
this Clause
Clause with
with position.
any one of the steels covered by this standard shall
4.8.
4.8.5
5 Weld
Weldin
ing g in Adve
Advers
rsee Weat
Weathe
herr Cond
Conditi
ition
ons.
s.
be considered as qualification to weld any other of 
Weld
We ldin
ing
g shal
shalll not
not be carr
carrie
ied
d out
out in the
the foll
follow
owin
ing
g
the steels covered by this standard.
conditions:
(e)
(e) Wher
Wheree a weld
welder
er repe
repeat
ated
edly
ly prod
produc
uces
es weld
weldss not
not
complying with the requirements of this standard, (a) Where the temperature
temperature of the parent
parent metal is below
welding
welding by the welder
welder shall be discontinue
discontinued
d until 0°C unless
unless preheating
preheating is carried
carried out in accordanc
accordancee
additional tests are carried out by the welder and with Clause 4.8.6 to a minimum of 20° C.
the welds so produced comply with this standard. (b) Where welding
welding surfaces
surfaces are wet from condensa
condensation,
tion,
(f) The names
names of all welder
welderss qualifi
qualified
ed in accord
accordanc
ancee rain, snow or ice.
with
with this
this Clause
Clause together
together with
with partic
particula
ulars
rs of any (c) Where
Where rain
rain or snow
snow is fallin
falling
g on the surfaces
surfaces to be
tests
tests passed
passed by each,
each, shall be record
recorded
ed and made
made welded.
avai
availa
labl
blee for
for peru
perusa
sall by the
the Insp
Inspec
ecto
torr for
for the
the
duration of the job. (d) During periods
periods of high wind,
wind, unless
unless the welder
welder and
the work are properly protected.
4.8 WORKMANSHIP.
4.8.6 Preheat Temperature. Preheat
Preheat temperatures
temperatures and
4.8.
4.8.1
1 Prep
Prepar
arat
atio
ion
n of Mate
Materirial
al for
for Weld
Weldining.
g. The
electrode
electrode sizes for the fusion
fusion welding of reinforceme
reinforcement
nt
surfaces to be welded shall be free of defects, and from
shall be in accordance with Table 4.7.
heavy
heavy scale,
scale, moistu
moisture,
re, slag,
slag, rust,
rust, oil,
oil, paint,
paint, cement
cement or
any other foreign
foreign material
material likely to
to affect adversely
adversely the 4.8.7 Correction of Defective Welds. Where a weld is
quality of the weld. found
found to be defect
defective
ive,, the Contra
Contracto
ctorr shall
shall repair
repair the
If preparation or cutting of the fusion face is necessary, weld, or, if required by the Supervising Engineer, shall
this should be carried out by a method approved by the remove the weld and then reweld the splice. Repairing
Supervising Engineer. or rewelding shall be carried out in accordance with this
standard, and the Supervising Engineer shall be advised
4.8.2 Assembly.
Assembly. Wher
Wheree rein
reinfo
forc
rcin
ing
g stee
steell is to be of all such repairs or rewelds.
assemb
assembled
led prior to weldin
welding,
g, it shall
shall comply
comply with the
following requirements: The removal of weld metal or portions of the base metal
shall
shall be effect
effected
ed by machin
machining
ing,, grindi
grinding,
ng, chippi
chipping,
ng,
(a)
(a) Bars
Bars to be weld
weldeded shal
shalll be held
held in thethe corr
correc
ectt oxygen
oxygen gouging,
gouging, or air/carbon-a
air/carbon-arc
rc gouging.
gouging. It shall be
posi
positi
tion
on unti
untill weld
weldin
ing
g has
has been
been comp comple
lete
ted.
d. done in a manner that ensures that the remaining weld
Fastening
Fastening devices
devices shall be adequate
adequate to ensure
ensure safety metal or base metal is not nicked or undercut. Defective
during welding operations.
operations. Suitable allowances
allowances for port
portio
ions
ns of thethe weld
weld shall
hall be remoremove
ved
d with
withou
outt
warpag
warpagee and shrink
shrinkage
age shall
shall be made.
made. Each joint
joint substantial removal of the base metal. The surfaces shall
shall have adequate
adequate clearance for accessibi
accessibility
lity to be cleaned thoroughly before rewelding.
make the weld.
Defe
Defect
ctiv
ivee unde
underc
rcut
utti
ting
ng shal
shalll be made
made good
good by the
the
(b) Before the welding of a butt splice, the
the surfaces
surfaces of 
deposition of additional weld metal to comply with the
bars
bars of equa
equall size
size shal
shalll not
not be out
out of alig
alignm
nmen
entt
requir
requireme
ements
nts of Clause
Clause 8.1 or by the removal
removal of the
with one another by more than 0.10 times the size
undercut
undercut by grinding
grinding provided that this complies
complies with
of the bars or 3 mm, whichever is the lesser.
the requirements of Clause 8.1.

COPYRIGHT
AS 1554, Part 3—1983 10

TABLE 4.1
PREQUALIFIED DIRECT BUTT SPLICE PREPARATIONS

NOTATION: d b = bar size G = root gap F r = root face θ = included angle of preparation, degrees
F: flat,
flat, H: horizo
horizonta
ntal,
l, OH: ove
overhe
rhead,
ad, V: verti
vertical
cal
NOTE: All linear dimensions are in millimetres.

Flux-cored Gas-shielded
Gas-shielded metal-arc
Joint arc,
Preparation Manual
identification Joint type self-shielded
detail metal-arc
(See Appendix
Appendix B) and gas- Spray
shielded Dip transfer
transfer

B D- 2 a ( a) S in gl e- V b ut t spli ce (w el ded bo th d b All All All All

sides)
Posn All See θ F See θ
G 3.5 3 0 3
F r 1.5 3 4 0
θ 60 50-F,H,OH 50 50-F,H,OH
60-V 60-V

Where the root is root is accessible for back-gouging

and application of a sealing run (see Clause 4.4.2)

B D- 4 ( b)
b) S in gl e- bevel b ut t s pl ic e ( un
un equal bars ) d b All All All All
(welded both sides)
Posn All See θ F and H See θ
G 3.5 3 1.5 4
F r 1.5 1.5 4 0
θ 45 50-F,H,OF 50 50-F,H,OH
60-V 60-V

Where the root is accessible

accessible for back-gouging and
application of a sealing run (see Clause 4.4.2)

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11 AS 1554, Part 3—1983

B D- 2 b ( c) S in gl e- V b ut t spli ce
ce wi th spli t p ip e b acki ng d b All All All All
Posn See θ See θ F See θ
G See θ 6 3 6
F r 0 0 1.5 0
θ 20-F,OH:G=12 30-F,H,OH 30 30-F,H,OH
45-V 45-V
30-F,OH:G=9
45-A11:G=6

W he
he re
re a cc
cc es
ess t o t he
he r oo
oo t of th e we ld
ld i s u n-
n-
obtaina
obtainable
ble.. Alterna
Alternativ
tivel
ely,
y, a remova
removable
ble copp
copperer
backing bar may be used in place of the permanent
backing shown

B D- 3 a ( d) D oubl e- V butt spli ce d b All All All All

Posn All See θ F See θ
G 3.5 3 0 4
F r 1.5 3 3 0
θ 60 50-F,H,OH 50 50-F,H,OH
60-V 60-V

Horizontal bars should be welded in the flat

position wherever practicable
practicable

ALLOWABLE JOINT TOLERANCES

 Di mensi on Root

Ro ot not gouged Root
Ro ot gouged 

G (root
(root gap withou
withoutt backi
backing)
ng) . . . ±1.5
1.5 mm . . . . . . . . +1.
+1.5, -3 mm
mm
G (roo
(roott gap with
with back
backing
ing)) . . . . . +6, -1.5
-1.5 mm . . . . . . Not app
appli
licab
cable
le
θ (ang
(angle
le of prepa
prepararatio
tion)
n) . . . . . . . +10,
+10, -5 degre
degrees
es . . . +10,
+10, -5 degre
degrees
es
F r (root
(root face
face)) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ±0.5
0.5 mm . . . . . . . . No upp
upper
er limi
limit,
t, -0
-0

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 11 AS 1554, Part 3—1983

B D- 2 b ( c) S in gl e- V b ut t spli ce
ce wi th spli t p ip e b acki ng d b All All All All
Posn See θ See θ F See θ
G See θ 6 3 6
F r 0 0 1.5 0
θ 20-F,OH:G=12 30-F,H,OH 30 30-F,H,OH
45-V 45-V
30-F,OH:G=9
45-A11:G=6

W he
he re
re a cc
cc es
ess t o t he
he r oo
oo t of th e we ld
ld i s u n-
n-
obtaina
obtainable
ble.. Alterna
Alternativ
tivel
ely,
y, a remova
removable
ble copp
copperer
backing bar may be used in place of the permanent
backing shown

B D- 3 a ( d) D oubl e- V butt spli ce d b All All All All

Posn All See θ F See θ
G 3.5 3 0 4
F r 1.5 3 3 0
θ 60 50-F,H,OH 50 50-F,H,OH
60-V 60-V

Horizontal bars should be welded in the flat

position wherever practicable
practicable

ALLOWABLE JOINT TOLERANCES

 Di mensi on Root

Ro ot not gouged Root
Ro ot gouged 

G (root
(root gap withou
withoutt backi
backing)
ng) . . . ±1.5
1.5 mm . . . . . . . . +1.
+1.5, -3 mm
mm
G (roo
(roott gap with
with back
backing
ing)) . . . . . +6, -1.5
-1.5 mm . . . . . . Not app
appli
licab
cable
le
θ (ang
(angle
le of prepa
prepararatio
tion)
n) . . . . . . . +10,
+10, -5 degre
degrees
es . . . +10,
+10, -5 degre
degrees
es
F r (root
(root face
face)) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ±0.5
0.5 mm . . . . . . . . No upp
upper
er limi
limit,
t, -0
-0

COPYRIGHT

AS 1554, Part 3—1983 12

TABLE
TABLE 4.1
4.1 (continued )

Gas-shielded
Gas-shielded metal-arc
Joint Flux-cored
Flux-cored arc,
arc,
Preparation Manual
identification Joint type self-shielded
detail metal-arc Spray
(See Appendix
Appendix B) and gas-shielded Dip transfer
transfer

B D- 3 b ( e)
e) D ou bl e- V bu tt spli ce
ce ( un equal b ar s) d b All All All All
Posn All See θ F See θ
G 3.5 3 0 4
F r 1.5 3 4 0
θ 60 50-F,H,OH 50 50-F,H,OH
60-V 60-V

Horizontal bars should be welded in the flat position

wherever practicable

B D- 5 ( f)
f) Do
D ou bl e- bevel b ut t s pl ic e ( ba
bars vert ic
ic al ) d b All All All All
Posn All See θ F See θ
G 3.5 1.5 0 4
F r 1.5 1.5 3 0
θ 45 50-F,H,OH 50 50-F,H,OH
60-V 60-V

ALLOWABLE JOINT TOLERANCES: See page 11.

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AS 1554, Part 3—1983 12

TABLE
TABLE 4.1
4.1 (continued )

Gas-shielded
Gas-shielded metal-arc
Joint Flux-cored
Flux-cored arc,
arc,
Preparation Manual
identification Joint type self-shielded
detail metal-arc Spray
(See Appendix
Appendix B) and gas-shielded Dip transfer
transfer

B D- 3 b ( e)
e) D ou bl e- V bu tt spli ce
ce ( un equal b ar s) d b All All All All
Posn All See θ F See θ
G 3.5 3 0 4
F r 1.5 3 4 0
θ 60 50-F,H,OH 50 50-F,H,OH
60-V 60-V

Horizontal bars should be welded in the flat position

wherever practicable

B D- 5 ( f)
f) Do
D ou bl e- bevel b ut t s pl ic e ( ba
bars vert ic
ic al ) d b All All All All
Posn All See θ F See θ
G 3.5 1.5 0 4
F r 1.5 1.5 3 0
θ 45 50-F,H,OH 50 50-F,H,OH
60-V 60-V

ALLOWABLE JOINT TOLERANCES: See page 11.

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13 AS 1554, Part 3—1983

TABLE
TABLE 4.2
4.2
PREQUALIFIED INDIRECT BUTT SPLICE PREPARATIONS

NOTATION: d b = bar size G = root gap W  = width of weld S  = size of weld
F: flat.
NOTE: All linear dimensions are in millimetres.

Joint Flux-cored arc, Gas-shielded metal-arc

Preparation Manual
identification Joint type self-shielded
detail metal-arc
(See Appendix
Appendix B) and gas-shielded Spra
Spray
y tra
transfe
nsferr Dip
Dip tra
transfe
nsferr

B I- 1a
1a ( a) I nd
nd ir ec
ect butt spl ic e wi th fl at
at b acki ng d n All All All All
Posn F F F F
G 20 max. 20 max. 20 max. 20 max.

B I- 1b
1b ( b) In
Ind ir ec
ect butt spl ic e wi th angl e b acki ng d n All All All All
Posn F F F F
G 20 max. 20 max. 20 max. 20 max.

B I- 1 c ( c) I nd ir ect butt spl ic e wi th sl eeve d n All All All All

Posn All All All All
G 20 max. 20 max. 20 max. 20 max.

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 13 AS 1554, Part 3—1983

TABLE
TABLE 4.2
4.2
PREQUALIFIED INDIRECT BUTT SPLICE PREPARATIONS

NOTATION: d b = bar size G = root gap W  = width of weld S  = size of weld
F: flat.
NOTE: All linear dimensions are in millimetres.

Joint Flux-cored arc, Gas-shielded metal-arc

Preparation Manual
identification Joint type self-shielded
detail metal-arc
(See Appendix
Appendix B) and gas-shielded Spra
Spray
y tra
transfe
nsferr Dip
Dip tra
transfe
nsferr

B I- 1a
1a ( a) I nd
nd ir ec
ect butt spl ic e wi th fl at
at b acki ng d n All All All All
Posn F F F F
G 20 max. 20 max. 20 max. 20 max.

B I- 1b
1b ( b) In
Ind ir ec
ect butt spl ic e wi th angl e b acki ng d n All All All All
Posn F F F F
G 20 max. 20 max. 20 max. 20 max.

B I- 1 c ( c) I nd ir ect butt spl ic e wi th sl eeve d n All All All All

Posn All All All All
G 20 max. 20 max. 20 max. 20 max.

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AS 1554, Part 3—1983 14

TABLE
TABLE 4.3
4.3
PREQUALIFIED LAP-SPLICE PREPARATIONS

NOTATION: d b = bar size W  = width of weld S  = size of weld

F: flat, H: horizontal,
horizontal, OH: overhead,
overhead, V: vertical
NOTE: All linear dimensions are in millimetres.

Joint Flux-cored
Flux-cored arc,
arc, Gas-shielded metal-arc
Preparation Manual
identification Joint type self-shielded
detail metal-arc
(See Appendix
Appendix B) and gas-shielded Spra
Spray
y tra
transfe
nsferr Dip
Dip tra
transfe
nsferr

L -( a)
a) ( a) D oubl e l ap spl ic e ( bar sup er im po sed) d b All All All All
Posn H H H H

L -( b)
b) ( b) Do
D oubl e l ap spl ic e ( bars si de by si de) d b All All All All
Posn F,OH F,OH F,OH F,OH

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AS 1554, Part 3—1983 14

TABLE
TABLE 4.3
4.3
PREQUALIFIED LAP-SPLICE PREPARATIONS

NOTATION: d b = bar size W  = width of weld S  = size of weld

F: flat, H: horizontal,
horizontal, OH: overhead,
overhead, V: vertical
NOTE: All linear dimensions are in millimetres.

Joint Flux-cored
Flux-cored arc,
arc, Gas-shielded metal-arc
Preparation Manual
identification Joint type self-shielded
detail metal-arc
(See Appendix
Appendix B) and gas-shielded Spra
Spray
y tra
transfe
nsferr Dip
Dip tra
transfe
nsferr

L -( a)
a) ( a) D oubl e l ap spl ic e ( bar sup er im po sed) d b All All All All
Posn H H H H

L -( b)
b) ( b) Do
D oubl e l ap spl ic e ( bars si de by si de) d b All All All All
Posn F,OH F,OH F,OH F,OH

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15 AS 1554, Part 3—1983

L -( c)
c) ( c) D ou bl e l ap spl ic e ( bars vert ic al ) d b All All All All
Posn V, OH V,OH V,OH V,OH

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 15 AS 1554, Part 3—1983

L -( c)
c) ( c) D ou bl e l ap spl ic e ( bars vert ic al ) d b All All All All
Posn V, OH V,OH V,OH V,OH

COPYRIGHT

AS 1554, Part 3—1983 16

TABLE 4.4
PREQUALIFIED WELDING CONSUMABLES
St ee
eel g rade Ma nu
nual me ta
ta l arc Flux-cored
Flux-cored arc
(AS 1553) (AS 2203)
230S E41XX, E48XX W40X, W50X
230R E41XX, E48XX W40X, W50X
410C E4816, E4818 W50X
450W E4816, E4818 W50X
410Y (CE≤0.39) E48XX W50X
Bars not complying E4816, E4818 W50X
with AS 1302 or
where CE > 0.39

NOTE: Where X is shown in a classification, any number is acceptable.

TABLE 4.5
CHANGES IN ESSENTIAL VARIABLES NECESSITATING
REQUALIFICATION
Applicability
Nature of change
MM AW
AW GM AWAW FC AWAW
(a ) A c hang e fr om on e p ro cess to a noth er X X X
(b) A change
change from a low-hydrog
low-hydrogen en type electrode
electrode to a non-low-
non-low-
hydr og en t yp e e le ct ro de X — —
(c ) A c hang e in e le ct ro de/f lu x/ shie ld in g gas comb in at io n — X X
(d ) A c hang e fr om
om on e g as as or gas m ix ix tu
tu re
re to a no th er
er g as or g as mi xt
xt ur
ur e — X X
(e) A chang
changee of more than than ±7 percent of the specified mean arc voltage
of the electrode used for automatic arc welding processes, or more X X X
than ±15 percent for manual metal-arc welding
(f) A chan
change
ge of more than than ±10 percent
percent of the specified
specified mean welding
current for the electrode used for automatic arc welding processes, X X X
AS 1554, Part 3—1983 16

TABLE 4.4
PREQUALIFIED WELDING CONSUMABLES
St ee
eel g rade Ma nu
nual me ta
ta l arc Flux-cored
Flux-cored arc
(AS 1553) (AS 2203)
230S E41XX, E48XX W40X, W50X
230R E41XX, E48XX W40X, W50X
410C E4816, E4818 W50X
450W E4816, E4818 W50X
410Y (CE≤0.39) E48XX W50X
Bars not complying E4816, E4818 W50X
with AS 1302 or
where CE > 0.39

NOTE: Where X is shown in a classification, any number is acceptable.

TABLE 4.5
CHANGES IN ESSENTIAL VARIABLES NECESSITATING
REQUALIFICATION
Applicability
Nature of change
MM AW
AW GM AWAW FC AWAW
(a ) A c hang e fr om on e p ro cess to a noth er X X X
(b) A change
change from a low-hydrog
low-hydrogen en type electrode
electrode to a non-low-
non-low-
hydr og en t yp e e le ct ro de X — —
(c ) A c hang e in e le ct ro de/f lu x/ shie ld in g gas comb in at io n — X X
(d ) A c hang e fr om om on e g as as or gas m ix
ix tu
tu re
re to a no th er
er g as or g as mi xt xt ur
ur e — X X
(e) A chang
changee of more than than ±7 percent of the specified mean arc voltage
of the electrode used for automatic arc welding processes, or more X X X
than ±15 percent for manual metal-arc welding
(f) A chan
change ge of more than than ±10 percent
percent of the specified
specified mean welding
current for the electrode used for automatic arc welding processes, X X X
or more than ± 15 percent for manual metal-arc welding
(g) A chang
changee of more than than ±25 percent
percent in the specif
specifiedied number
number of runs.
If the cross-se
cross-section
ctionalal area of t he preparation
preparation is increase
increased, d, it i s also
permissib
permissible le to increase
increase the number
number of runs in proportion to the
in cr eased a re a — X X
(h) An increase
increase of 25 percent
percent or more, or a decr decrease
ease of 10 percent
percent or
mo re i n f lo w ra te o f shie ld in g gas — X X
(j) A change
change in the position
position in which
which welding
welding is done or a change change i n
di re ct io n f or a v er ti cal we ld X X X
(k) A change
change in welding
welding current
current from a.c. to d.c.d.c. and vice versa versa or a
ch an ge i n d. c. pola ri ri ty
ty or a c hange i n me ta l t rraa ns
nsfe r a cr os
oss th e a rc — X X
(l) A decrease
decrease of more than 20 K in the minimum minimum specifspecified
ied preheat
preheat and
in te rr un te mp er at ur e X X X
(m) A change
change in material thickn thicknes
esss outside
outside the r ange
ange 0.75 to 1.5 times
ma te ri al th ic kn ess — X X

X indicates applicability.

TABLE 4.6
MINOR CHANGES IN ESSENTIAL VARIABLES NECESSITATING
REQUALIFICATION OF WELDING PROCEDURES BY MACRO TEST
Applicability
Nature of change
MM AW
AW GM AW
AW FC AW
(a) An increas
increasee in the
the diamet
diameter
er of the electrode
electrode X X X
(b) A change
change in the shap
shapee of any
any one type
type of joint
joint prepar
preparation—
ation—
(i) a decr
decrease
ease in the included
included angle
angle of the joint prepa
preparation
ration X X X
(ii) a decr
decreas
easee in the root gap
gap of the joint
joint prep
prepara
aration
tion X X X
(iii) an increas
increasee in the
the root
root face of the
the joint
joint prepara
preparation
tion X X X
(iv) the omission
omission or inclus
inclusion
ion of backing
backing material
material X X X

X indicates applicability.

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 17 AS 1554, Part 3—1983
3—1983

TABLE 4.7
MINIMUM PREHEAT TEMPERATURES
(a) Hydrogen Controlled Electrodes (EXXX15,EXX16,EXX18,EXXX28)
Semi-Automatic and Automatic Welding Processes
Minimum preheat
preheat temperature, °C
Steel
Steel desi
designa
gnatio
tion
n Rang
Rangee of  Electrode sizes, mm
bar sizes
3. 15 4 5 6. 3
Arc energy
energy (semi-automatic process
processes)
es),, kJ/mm
kJ/mm
mm >1 ≤1.5 >1.5 ≤ 2. 5 >2.5 ≤ 3. 5 >3.5
230 S ≤2 4 Pr eheat n ot re qu ir ed
230 R >24 ≤ 3 6 75 Pr eheat n ot re qu ir ed
410 C >36 ≤ 5 0 100 75 N/ R N/ R
450 W >50 100 10 0 75 N/ R
410 Y (where Al l Pr eheat n ot re qu ir ed
CE ≤ 0.39)
Bars not complying ≤2 4 75 Pr eheat n ot re qu ir ed
with AS 1302 or >24 ≤ 3 6 125 10 0 N/ R N/ R
where CE>0.39
>36 ≤ 5 0 150 12 5 10 0 N/ R
>50 175 15 0 12 5 100

(b) Non-hydrogen Controlled Electrodes EXX10,EXX11,EXX12,EXX13,

EXX14,EXX20,EXX24,EXX27
Minimum preheat
preheat temperature, °C
Steel
Steel desi
designa
gnatio
tion
n Rang
Rangee of  Electrode sizes, mm
bar sizes
mm 3. 15 4 5 6. 3
230 S ≤2 4 100 50 N/ R N/ R
230 R >24 ≤ 3 6 125 10 0 50 N/ R
410 C >36 ≤ 5 0 125 10 0 10 0 50
450 W >50 125 10 0 10 0 50
410 Y (where Al l Pr eheat n ot re qu ir ed
CE ≤ 0.39)
Bars not complying Al l We ld in g not perm it te d
with AS 1302 or
where CE>0.39

NOTES:
1. N/R indicates
indicates preheat
preheat not
not required.
required.
2. CE indica
indicates
tes carbo
carbon
n equival
equivalent
ent of eleme
elements:
nts:

COPYRIGHT
AS 1554, Part 3—1983 18

SECTION
SECTION 5. FLASH
FLASH BUTT
BUTT WELDING
WELDING

5.1
5.1 GENERA
GENERAL. L. T hehe f la
lash but t weldi ngng of   the temperature
temperature gradient
gradient in the plastic
plastic zone and the
reinfo
einforrceme
cemennt shal
shalll comp
comply
ly with the relev elevaant compressive strength of the steel at high temperature.
requireme
requirements
nts of other S ections
ections of this standard
standard and The length of upset shall be sufficient to ensure the
the specific requirements of this Section. closing of all voids and the expulsion of oxide and
5.2 SIZES. The size of the bar to be welded shall be molten
molten metal from t he weld. It shall not be enough
enough to
with
within
in the
the machin
machinee capac
capacity
ity as speci
pecifi
fied
ed by the cause distortion of the weld or excessive expulsion of 
machine manufacturer and shall be confirmed in the plastic metal.
procedure qualification test (see Clause 5.8). 5.7 EQUIPMENT.
5.3 BAR PREPARATION. The ends of bars to be 5.7.1 General. An automatic or semi-automatic flash
welded shall be prepared in a way that will facilitate butt
butt welding
welding machine
machine shall be used for all welding,
welding,
the starting of flashing (see Note). The face areas in except
except that
that a manual
manual machine
machine may be used where it
contact during welding shall be approximately
approximately equal can be established that the welding complies with the
and the difference
difference in size of the contac
contactt faces
faces shall
shall requirements of this standard.
not exceed 15 percent of the smaller face. 5.7.
5.7.2
2 Machine
Machine Controls
Controls.. The
The mach
machin
inee shal
shalll be
NOTE:
NOTE: Shearing,
Shearing, cropping,
cropping, flame cutting
cutting and saw
saw cutting
cutting are equipped with control gear which, after the bars have
acceptable
acceptable methods. A smooth
smooth machined face, normal to the axis been
been clam
clampe
ped
d in the
the dies,
dies, perfo
perform
rmss at leas
leastt the
of the bar, is not recommended.
following cycle of operations in the sequence given:
5.4 ALIGNMENT. The bars to be welded shall be
set
set in the machine
machine so that
that the axes
axes are coincid
coinciden
ent.
t. (a)
(a) Maintai
aintains
ns the
the flash
flashin
ing
g cycl
cyclee for the
the desi
desire
red
d
The
The axes
xes of the bars
bars at the weld
weld shal
shalll be in line
line period of time and length of stroke.
within 10 percent of the size or 3 mm, whichever is (b) Upsets
Upsets the bars
bars to complete
complete the weld.
the lesser. (c ) Cu ts
ts o ff
ff th e c ur
ur re
re nt
nt t o t he
he b ar
ar s a ft
ft er
er t he
he
5.5 CLEANLINE
CLEANLINESS. SS. The
The bar
bar ends
ends and
and adja
adjace
cent
nt commencement
commencement of upsetting.
materia
material,
l, and
and parts
parts of the bar in the region
region of the NOTE: The following cycling operations are normally under the
clamping dies shall be free from insulating material, control of the operator:
ru st
st, p ai
ai nt
nt, g re
rease or o thth er
er fo rerei gn
gn m at
at te
te r,
r, (i) Closi
Closing
ng t he electr
electrical
ical circuit
circuit and
and bringing
bringing t he bars
bars into
immediately prior to welding. The dies shall be kept initial contact.
contact.
clean
clean and anyany adher
adhering
ing spatter
spatter shall
shall be remov
removeded (ii) Establi
Establishing
shing the prehea
preheating
ting cycle
cycle (where
(where applicable).
applicable).
before each weld. (iii) Initiating
Initiating flashing.
flashing.

5.6 WORKMANSHIP. 5.7.3 Flash Guards. Flash guards shall be placed at

such
uch a dist
distan
ancce fro
from the
the clam
lamped
ped bars
bars as will
will
5.6.1
5.6.1 Overhan
Overhang g or Projection
Projection from
from the Dies. Th e
mini
minimiz
mizee the
the pos
possibili
sibility
ty of parti
particl
cles
es throw
thrown
n off 
two bars to be welded shall be clamped so that the
during the flashing period rebounding into the weld.
overh
overhan
ang
g of each
each is equa
equal.
l. The overh
overhan
ang
g shall
shall not
not
exceed twice the size of the bar. 5.7.4 Cleanliness of Machine. The welding machine
and particularly the die faces shall be kept free from
5.6.2
5.6.2 Clamping
Clamping Force.
Force. The clamping force exerted
spatter, and the contact faces shall be cleaned of oil,
by the clamping dies on the bars being welded shall
grease, oxide
oxide or metallic dust and globules
globules after every
be suff
suffici
icient
ent to preve
prevent
nt move
moveme
ment
nt of the
the bars
bars in
weld.
relation to the clamps during the upsetting operation
but not enough to deform the bars. 5 .8
.8 Q UA
U A L IF
I F IC
I C A T IO
IO N OF W E LD
LD I N G
PROCEDURE.
5.6.3 Preheating. Preheating shall be as follows:
5.8.1
5.8.1 General.
General. The weldi
weldingng proc
proced
edur
uree shall
shall be
(a) Hot-rolled bars. For hot-rolled bars it shall be
qua li
li f ie
ie d b ef
efo re
re p ro
ro du
duct io
io n we ld
ld in
ing of t hehe
permis
permissib
sible
le to shorte
shorten
n the flashi
flashing
ng cycl
cyclee by
reinforcement
reinforcement commences.
commences.
preheating.
The Contractor
Contractor shall
shall establish
establish a welding
welding procedur
proceduree
(b) Cold-worked bars. Cold-w
Cold-workorked
ed bars
bars shall
shall be
and shall list the applicable machine settings for each
welde
weldedd without
without prehe
preheat
ating.
ing. Once
Once the flashin
flashing
g
type, grade and size of reinforcement in a document
action has been initiated, it should be maintained
known
known as a ‘welding procedure
procedure sheet’.
by matc
atching
hing the
the feed
feed rate
rate with the
the rate
rate of 
burnoff. 5.8 .2
.2 Me th
th o
od
d of Qu a all if
ifi ca
cat iio
o n of W eelld iin
ng
Procedure. When acceptable machine settings have
5.6.4 Flashing. The speed
speed of advance
advance of the moving
moving
been obtained, a welding procedure shall be qualified
platen and the value of the welding current shall be
by producing
producing a set of test splices
splices of reinforce
reinforcement
ment in
regulated
regulated to ensure that t he flashing is continuou
continuouss
accordance with the material specification to be used
througho
throughout
ut the cycle, and that the welding operation
operation
in production and subjecting these splices to the tests
does not freeze up or the platen stops moving.
specified in Section 7.
The flashing
flashing shall
shall be smoo
smooth,
th, cont
continuo
inuous
us,, and
and be
5.8.
.8.3 Requa
Requalilific
ficat
atiion of Flash
lash BuButt
tt Weldi
Welding
ng
maintaine
maintained
d until upset
upset takes place.
place. The current shall
Procedure. Requalification of the flash butt welding
be maintained at least until upset has started.
proc
procedu
edure
re by testing in acco
accord
rdanc
ancee with Sectio
Section
n 7
5.6.5 Upsetting. The value of the upset force required shall be required where—
to weld steel bars of different quality depends upon

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 19 AS 1554, Part 3—1983
3—1983

(a) there
there is a chan
change
ge in— each production run of each welding procedure:
(i) materia
materiall specific
specificati
ation,
on, grad
gradee or type;
type; one to be subjected to the bend test and one to
be subjected to the tensile test.
(ii)
(ii) bar
bar size
size;; (b) During production run. Test joints shall be made
(iii) joint prepara
preparation;
tion; or in a ccccor da
danc e w it ith one o f th e fo ll llo wi
wi ng
ng
procedures:
(iv) significan
significantt machine compo
componen
nent;
t; or
(i) Where
Where moremore than
than 100 joints
joints are
are made
made in in a
(b) there are consistent failures in produc
production
tion contr ol product
productionion run, for each
each 100
100 joints
joints or part
tests. th er
ere of
of aft er
er t hehe fi rs
rst 100 j oi oin ts
ts an
5.9 PRODUCTION CONTROL TESTS. additio
dditionanall test
test join
jointt shal
shalll be made
made and and
bend-tested
bend-tested in accordance with Clause 7.3.3
5.9.1
5.9.1 General
General Production
Production Control
Control Tests.
Tests. During
and
and an additional
additional test joint
joint shall be made
prod
roduct
uction,
ion, in orde
orderr to ensu
ensurre that
that the splice
plicess
and tensil
tensile-
e-tes
tested
ted in acco accorda
rdanc
ncee with
with
continue to comply with the quality requirements of 
Clause 7.3.2.
Section 8, bend tests and tensile tests shall be carried
out in accordance with the frequency requirements of  (i i ) Wh erere 100 j oioi nt
nt s o r l es
ess a re
re m a de
de i n a
Clause 5.9.2. product
productionion run, at l east one additional
additional test
 joi nt shall be made and bend-t ested est ed in
5.9.2 Frequency of Tests. Test joints shall be made accordance
accordance with Clause 7.3.3.
at the following times:
5.10 DEFECTIVE WELDS. Production Production welds
welds that
(a) Comme
Commenc ncem
ement
ent of produ
producti
ction run. Two test
on run. test fail to comply
comply with the requi requireme
rements
nts of Clause
Clause 9.5 9.5
 joi nts shall be made at the commenceme
comm enceme nt of  shall be removed and a new weld made.

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AS 1554, Part 3—1983 20

SECTION
SECTION 6. FLAME
FLAME PRESSURE
PRESSURE WELDING
WELDING

6.1
6.1 GENERA
GENERAL. L. F llaa me
me p re
re ss
ssu re
re w el
eld in
in g of   type, grade and size of reinforcing bar in a document
reinfo
einforrceme
cemennt shal
shalll comp
complly with the relev elevaant known
known as a ‘welding procedure
procedure sheet’.
requireme
requirements
nts of other S ections
ections of this standard
standard and
and This procedur
proceduree shall
shall include
include the following:
the specific requirements of this Section.
(a) Heat
Heating
ing tip
tip type.
type.
6.2 SIZES. The size of the bar to be welded shall be
within
within the equip
equipmen
mentt capac
capacity
ity as speci
specified
fied by the (b) Gas pressu
pressures
res and preferab
preferably
ly flows.
equipment
equipment manufacturer and shall be confirmed in the (c) Heat
Heating
ing time.
time.
procedure qualification test (see Clause 6.7).
(d) Upset
Upset pressu
pressure.
re.
6.3 BAR PREPARATION. The ends of bars to be 6.7 .2
.2 Me thth o
od
d of Qu a all if
ifi ca
cat iio
o n of W eelld iin
ng
welded shall be prepared by either sawing or shearing Procedure. When acceptable machine settings have
approxi
approximatel
mately
y normal
normal to the axis of the bar
bar so as to been obtained, a welding procedure shall be qualified
facilitate welding. by producing a set of test splices of reinforcing bars
6.4 ALIGNMENT. The bars to be welded shall be in accordanc
accordancee with the material
material specification
specification t o be
set in the equipment so that the axes are coincident. used in production and subjecting these splices to the
The axes of the portions of the welded bar shall be in tests specified in Section 7.
line within 10 percent of the size or 3 mm, whichever 6.7.
6.7.3
3 Requali
Requalifica
fication
tion of Gas Press
Pressure
ure Welding
Welding
is the lesser. Procedures. Requalifica
Requalification
tion of the flame pressure
pressure
6.5 CLEANLINE
CLEANLINESS. SS. The
The bar
bar ends
ends and
and adja
adjace
cent
nt weldin
welding
g proce
procedu
dure
re by testing
testing in acco
accorda
rdanc
ncee with
materia
materiall shall
shall be free
free from
from rust,
rust, paint,
paint, greas
grease,
e, or Section 7 shall be required where—
other foreign matter, immediately prior to welding. (a) there
there is a chan
change
ge in—
in—
6.6 WORKMANSHIP. (i) material
material spec
specificati
ification,
on, grade or type;
type;
6.6.1 Positioning. The two bars to be welded shall be (ii)
(ii) bar
bar size
size;;
clamped so that the overhang of each is equal and the (iii) joint prepara
preparation;
tion; or
weld interface is centrally located in the flame. The
gap
gap betwe
between
en bars
bars befor
beforee weldin
weldingg shall
shall not
not exce
exceed
ed (iv) significan
significantt machine
machine compon
component;
ent; or
3 mm. (b)
(b) there
there are consis
consisten
tentt failures
failures in produc
production
tion
6.6.2
6.6.2 Clamping
Clamping Force.
Force. The clamping force exerted control tests.
by the clamping dies on the bars being welded shall 6.8
6.8 PRODUC
PRODUCTIO TION N CONTR
CONTROL OL TESTS.
TESTS. During
be suffi
suffici
cient
ent to preve
prevent
nt movem
movemenentt of the
the bars
bars in prod
roduct
uction,
ion, in orde
orderr to ensu
ensurre that
that the spli
plices
ces
relation to the clamps during the upsetting operation, continue to comply with the quality requirements of 
but not enough to deform the bars. Section 8, bend tests and tensile tests shall be carried
out in accordance wit h the following requirements:
6.6.3 Upset. The diameter of the upset after welding
shall
shall be not
not less than 1.3 times the size of t he smaller (a) At the commen
commence ceme
mentnt of each
each produ
productio
ctionn shift
shift
bar,
bar, and shall be unifor
uniformly
mly distribu
distributed
ted around
around the two welds shall be made by each welder: one to
circumference
circumference of the bar. be subject to a bend test (see Clause 7.3.3)
7.3.3) and
one t o be s ububj ec
ect to a t enensi le
le t es
est ( se
see
6 .7
.7 Q UA
UA L I F I CA
C A TI
T I ON
ON OF W E L DI
D I NG
NG Clause 7.3.2).
PROCEDURE.
(b) During
During the shift,
shift, at least
least one further
further weld
weld shall
shall
6.7.1
6.7.1 General.
General. The weld
welding
ing proce
procedu
dure
re shall
shall be be made by each welder and shall be subject to
qualified before production
production welding of the reinforcing a tensile test.
bars commences.
6.9 DEFECTIVE WELDS. Production
Production welds that
The Contracto
Contractorr shall establish
establish a welding
welding procedu
procedure
re fail to comp
comply
ly with the requirem
requirement
entss of Clause
Clause 9.5
and shall list the applicable machine settings for each shall be removed and a new weld made.

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 21 AS 1554, Part 3—1983
3—1983

SECTION
SECTION 7. QUALIFICAT
QUALIFICATION
ION OF WELDING
WELDING PROCE
PROCEDURE
DURE
BY TESTING

7.1
7.1 GENERAL
GENERAL.. ThisThis Sec
Section
tion appli
applies
es where
where the 7.3.3
7.3.3 Bend Test. The bend t est shall
shall be carried out in
qualifica
qualification
tion of welding procedures
procedures by the testing
testing of  accordance
accordance with AS 2205.3.1,
2205.3.1, using a former having
a sample of spliced reinforcing steel is permitted by a diameter as specified in AS 1302, appropriate to the
Clause 4.2(c). size and grade of bar. The exposed section of the bar
7.2 METHOD OF QUALIFICATION. The welding shall
shall be ground
ground or machined
machined smooth
smooth to the diameter
procedure shall be qualified by producing a set of test of t he
he ba r,
r, i .e
.e. over al
al l dia me
met er
er incl ud
udi ng
ng
splices
splices by the applicable
applicable procedur
proceduree and subjecting
subjecting deformation.
these splices to the tests specified in Table 7.1. NOTE:
NOTE: The bend
bend test
test may be performed on a commercia
commerciall bar
bending machine in the same way that normal bends are made.
Provided
Provided that t he splice
splice complies
complies with the relevant
relevant
test requirements of Section 8, the welding procedure 7.4 RETESTS. Where any one specimen of all those
shall be accepted as qualified. tested
tested during
during a procedure
procedure qualificat
qualification
ion t est fails to
comp
complyly with the test requi
requirem
remen
ents,
ts, retests
retests for that
that
7.3
7.3 TESTS.
TESTS. particular
particular type of t est specimen
specimen may be performed
performed
7.3.1 Macro Test. The macro test shall be carried out wi t h t wo
wo speci mens of th e s ame t yp ype of  
in accordance with AS 2205.5.1. procedu
procedure-qu
re-qualificat
alification
ion test piece.
piece. Both retests shall
shall
comply with the test requirements. However, if any
7.3.2
7.3.2 Tensile Test. The tensile test shall be carried failure is due to cracking
cracking in the heat-affec
heat-affectedted zone or
out in accordance with AS 2205.2.1.
2205.2.1. in the weld,
weld, the proce
procedu
dure
re shall
shall be modified
modified and a
new
new proce
procedu
dure
re test
test splic
splicee shal
shalll be prepa
prepare
red
d and
and
tested.

TABLE
TABLE 7.1
7.1
TESTS REQUIRED FOR WELD PROCEDURE QUALIFICATION
Tests
Tests required
required
Di rreect bu tt spl ic
ic es
es Lap spli ccees
Welding Co ns
nsum ab
able s Preparat io
io n and indirect
process
butt splices
Ma cro Te nsil e Be nd Ma cro
Fu si on Pr eq uali fi
fi ed
ed in Prequalified in 1 Ni l Ni l 1
accordance
accordance wit h accordance
accordance wit h
Table 4.4 Tables 4.1, 4.2 and 4.3
Ot her p re para ti on s 1 1 1 1
Not pre- Prequalified in 1 1 1 1
qualified accordance
accordance wit h
Tables 4.1, 4.2 and 4.3
Ot her p re para ti on s 1 1 1 2
Fl ash b ut t No t a pp li cabl e Al
Al l Ni l 2 2 No t a pp li cabl e
Fl am e pr essure No
No t a pp li cabl e Al l Ni l 2 2 No t a pp li cabl e

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AS 1554, Part 3—1983 22

SECTION
SECTION 8. TEST REQUIREM
REQUIREMENTS
ENTS

8 . 1 P R OD
O D U C TI
T I ON
ON C O N T R O L T E S T 8.2 MACRO TEST REQUIREME
REQUIREMENTS.NTS. The test
test
REQUIREMENTS. Test splicessplices shall
shall comply
comply with spec
specime
imen
n shal
shalll compl
comply
y with the requi
requirem
rement
entss of 
the following requirements: Clause 8.1(a).

(a) Welds shall

shall be sound
sound and
and of full size
size througho
throughout
ut 8.3 TENSILE
TENSILE TEST REQUIREMENTS.
REQUIREMENTS. The tensile
exce
exceptpt that
that imperfec
imperfection
tionss such
such as undeundersiz
rsizee streng
trengtth of a but
butt splic
splicee shal
shalll be not less
ess tha
than
welds, porosity, piping, undercut, slag inclusions, 1.15
.15 times
imes (for
(for 230
230 gra
grade)
de) and
and 1.05
1.05 times
imes (for
(for
incomplet
incompletee penetratio
penetration,
n, incomplet
incompletee fusion
fusion and 410
410 gr ade)
ade) the minimum specified
specified yield
yield strength
strength of 
similar generally
generally elongated imperfections may be the reinforcing steel used in the splice.
disr
isrega
egarded
rded wher
wheree they
they resu
result
lt in lessess than
han
5 percent
percent loss
loss of effective cross-sectiona
cross-sectionall area.
area. 8.4 BEND TEST REQUIREMENTS.
REQUIREMENTS.On On completion
of the test, no crack or other
other imperfection
imperfection in the weld
(b)
(b) Weld
Weld metal
metal and
and adja
adjace
cent
nt pare
parent
nt metal
metal shall
hall or the heat-a
heat-affec
ffected
ted zone
zone shall
shall have
have a dimen
dimensio
sion
n
contain no cracks. greater than 3 mm measured in any direction at the
outer surface of the test specimen.
(c) Weld reinf
reinfor
orcem
cemen
entt shall
shall not
not excee
exceed
d 3 mm in
height,
height, except
except for f lame pressure
pressure welding.
welding.

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 23 AS 1554, Part 3—1983
3—1983

SECTION
ECTION 9. INSPEC
INSPECTIO
TION
N

9.1 EXAMINATION OF WELDING. All welding (a) the shape

shape and the size
size of joints are in accor
accordanc
dancee
shall
shall be subject
subject to the examina
examination
tion of an I nspecto
nspectorr with the approved design;
appointed by the Principal.
(b ) th e w el
el di
din g is b ei
ei ng
ng c ar
arr iiee d out w it
ith t he
he
9.2 QUALIFICA
QUALIFICATIONS TIONS OF INSPECTOR
INSPECTORS. S. The specified materials and suit able equipment;
Insp
nspect
ector shal
shalll have
ave had
had suita
suitabl
blee train
trainin
ing
g and
and
experience
experience in the fabrication and inspection of welded (c) correct
correct welding
welding condition
conditionss at the work
work are being
being
structures
structures.. He should
should have
have at l east the qualificat
qualifications
ions maintained; and
required for a welding supervisor. The holding of an
Australian
Australian W elding
elding Institute
Institute Certificate
Certificate either
either as a (d)
(d) the work
work i s being
being done
done in acco
accorda
rdanc
ncee with the
Weldin
elding
g Insp
Inspeector
ctor or as a Structtructuural
ral Weldin
Welding g requirements of this standard.
Super
Supervivisor
sor shall
shall be acce
accept
pted
ed as evide
evidence
nce of these
these
qualifications. He shall particularly
particularly check
check t hat
hat thorough
thorough f usion
usion of 
the weld, proper penetration and clean weld metal are
9.3 PRIVILEGES OF INSPECTORS. An I nspector nspector being obtained.
shall have access at all reasonable times to the work 
and shall be provided with facilities for the inspection NOTE: It is recommended that if the type and nature of a defect
consi
consisten
stently
tly appear
appearss in the welds
welds performed
performed by any particular
particular
ther
thereof
eof.. He shal
shalll be noti
notifie
fied
d in adva
advanc
ncee of any
any
welder, further welding be discontinued until additional tests are
welding operations. carri
carried
ed out
out by the the weld
welder
er and
and the weld
weldss so produ
produce
cedd are
are
considered
considered satisfactory.
satisfactory.
He shall have access to a complete set of relevant
drawings
drawings showing
showing size,
size, length,
length, type and disposition
disposition 9.6 INSPE
INSPECTI CTIONON AFTERAFTER WELDIWELDIN NG. The
of welds and any
any weld proce
procedu
dures
res which
which are to be Inspe
Inspect
ctor
or shall
shall ascer
ascertain
tain that
that the size,
size, length
length and
used for the work. loca
locatio
tion
n of allall welds
elds comp
comply
ly with
with the
the plans
plans and
and
specifica
specifications.
tions. A careful
careful systematic
systematic check
check shall
shall be
9.4
9.4 INSPECT
NSPECTIO ION
N OF WELD WELDERS ERS.. Where
Where thethe made
ade to ensensure
ure that
that no wel weld calle
called
d for
for on thethe
quality of the work of a particular welder does not in drawings
drawings is omitted.
omitted. The Contractor
Contractor shall have the
the opin
opiniion of the Inspnspect
ector,
or, comp
omply with the the surface of the weld cleaned to the satisfaction of the
require
requireme
ments
nts of this
this stand
standar
ard,
d, the Inspe
Inspecto
ctorr may
may Inspe
Inspect
ctor.
or. Welds
Welds shall
shall be exam
examine
ined
d caref
carefully
ully for
request that welder to undergo test(s) to show that he cont
contour
our,, dimen
dimensio
sions
ns,, surfac
surfacee defec
defects,
ts, signif
significan
icantt
is capable of welding satisfactorily. undercutting and cracks in the weld or parent metal.
Cont
Contour
our and dimen
dimensio
sionsns shall
shall be checke
checked d with a
9.5 INSPECTION OF WORK. gauge
gauge where
where practicab
practicable.
le. The Inspector
Inspector should
should keep
a complete
complete record
record of the position
position of all corrections
corrections
9.5.1
9.5.1 Inspection
Inspection Prior
Prior To and During Welding.
Welding. The made and the procedure that was used.
Inspe
Inspect
ctor
or shall
shall inspec
inspectt the
the set-up
set-up of the work and
satisfy
satisfy himself
himself that—
that—

COPYRIGHT
AS 1554, Part 3—1983 24

APPENDI
APPENDIX
X A

CHECK LIST OF MATTERS FOR DISCUSSION

Some matters of a contractual nature which may need discussion are listed below for
reference and it is recommended that the Principal resolve these with the Contractor
where practicable, before work is commenced:

(a) Approval
Approval f or welding
welding to proceed
proceed (Clause 1.6).
1.6).

(b) Joining
Joining reinforcing
reinforcing steel
steel (Clause
(Clause 1.7).
1.7).

(c) Limitation on
on welding processes
processes (Clause 1.8).
1.8).

(d) Approval
Approval of parent
parent material
material (Clause 2.1).
2.1).

(e) Qualification
Qualification of welding
welding procedure
procedure (Clauses
(Clauses 4.1,
4.1, 4.2, 5.8, 6.7 and 7.2).

(f) Qualification
Qualification of welding
welding personne
personnell (Clause 4.7).
4.7).

(g) Cutting fusion face

face (Clause 4.8.1
4.8.1).
).

(h) Correction
Correction of defective
defective welds (Clause
(Clause 4.8.7).
4.8.7).

(j) Manua
Manuall f lash butt
butt welding
welding (Clause
(Clause 5.7.1)
5.7.1)..

(k) Availability
Availability of records for perusal
perusal by Inspector
Inspector (Clause
(Clause 9.3).

(l) Type and

and extent of
of inspection
inspection (Clause
(Clause 9.5).

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 25 AS 1554, Part 3—1983
3—1983

APPENDI
APPENDIX
X B

RECOMMEND
RECOMMENDED
ED METHOD
METHOD FOR JOINT AND PROCESS
PROCESS
IDENTIFICATION

B1 PREQUALIFIED JOINT IDENTIFICATION. Weld preparations in Tables 4.1

to 4.3 are identified by the following letters and numbers:
(a) Joint type identification.
B—butt splice
L—lap splice
(b) Penetration identification.
D—direct penetration
I—indirect penetration
(c) Preparation identification (butt splices).
1—square
2—single-V
3—double-V
4—single-bevel
5—double-bevel
The lower-case letters a, b, and c are used as suffixes to the numbers in (c) above, to
distingui
distinguish
sh between
between diagrams
diagrams showing
showing variations
variations of the same prequali
prequalified
fied joint.
joint.
B2 PROCESS IDENTIFICATION. Welding
Welding processe
processess are identified
identified as follows:
follows:
FCAW
FCAW(N)*
(N)* —flux
—flux-c
-cor
ored
ed arc weldi
welding
ng with
withou
outt gas
gas shield
shieldin
ing
g
FCAW(C or M)* —flux-cor
—flux-cored
ed arc welding
welding with gas shield
shielding
ing
GMAW
MAW —gas
gas-shie
-shield
ldeed meta
metall-arc
-arc wel
welding—
ding—sp sprray and
and dip
dip transf
ransfer
er
MMA W —m a nual m et a l- ar
ar c wel di
di ng
B3 EXAMPLE.
‘BD-2 MMAW’ is a single-Vsingle-V direct
direct penetrati
penetration
on butt splice welded by manual
manual
me ta
tal --aar c we ld
ldi ng
ng w hi
hi ch
ch c an
an b e m adade ei th
ther wi t ho
hout a b ac
ackin g bar
(BD-2a MMAW) or with backing bars (BD-2b MMAW).

*N r efers to no gas shielding

shielding..
C refers to shielding with carbon dioxide.
M refers to shielding with mixed gases.

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AS 1554, Part 3—1983 26

APPENDI
APPENDIX
X C
A SUITABLE FORM OF WELDING PROCEDURE SHEET
(For use in detailing
detailing prequalified
prequalified welding
welding procedures
procedures and f or r ecording
ecording qualified welding procedures
procedures))

Contrac
ontracto
torr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Welding
elding Proce
Procedur
dure No* . . . . . . . . . . . . .
e No*

1. Welding
elding proc
proceess . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(or combinati
combination,
on, if used)

2. Mate
ateria
riall sta
standa
ndard
rd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3. Bar siz
size
e . . . . .. . . . .. . . . .. . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . .. . . . .. . . . .

4. Joint
oint design
design (use
(use ske
sketc
tch
h if neces
necess
sary)
ary) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5. Filler
iller me
meta
tall
Stan
tandar
dard
d ...... ....... ......... .......... ........ ....... ....... .......

Classi
lassifficati
ication
on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Size
ize . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6. Sh i el
el d in
in g g as
as
Comp
omposi ositi
tion
on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Gas flow
flow rate
rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7. Shieldi
hielding
ng flux
flux (ty
(type
pe and size
size)) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8. Powe
owerr source
source chara
characte
cteri
risti
stics
cs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(a.c.
(a.c. or d.c. and polarity)

9. Posi
osition
tion of weldin
eldingg ................................................. .....
(include direction of vertical welding)

10. Numb
umber
er of runs
runs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

11. Maxi
aximum timetime lapse
lapse betw
between
een runs
runs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(if critical for preheat)

12. Back gougi

gouging
ng meth
ethod
od . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13. Preheati
reheatinng and
and interr
interrun
un tempe
temperat
ratur
ure
e ...... ....... ......... .......... ........ .

14. Postwel
ostweld
d heat treat
treatmen
mentt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(method,
(method, temperature,
temperature, temperature
temperature control methods, time at temperature, temperature, heating and cooling
rate)
15. Run det
details
ails . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Run Electrode Welding Welding Travel Electrical Joint detail

detail (include
(include run sequence
sequence
No size current voltage speed stick-out where necessary)
necessary)

Welder’
elder’s
s nam
name
e ......................... Approv
pproveed by . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.. .... .. ... .. ... .. ... ... .... Da te
te . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

* This procedure
procedure may vary owing to fabrication sequenc
sequence,
e, fit-up, material thickness,
thickness, number of runs, etc within t he essential
essential
variables (see Clause 4.6).

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 27 AS 1554, Part 3—1983
3—1983

ANNEX
LIST OF REFERENCED DOCUMENTS

(a) Materials.
AS 1163
1163 Structural
Structural Steel Hollow
Hollow Sections
AS 1204 Structural
Structural S teels—Ordin
teels—Ordinary
ary Weldable
Weldable Grades
Grades
AS 1205 Structural
Structural S teels—Weath
teels—Weather-res
er-resistant
istant Weldabl
Weldablee Grades
AS 1302 Steel Reinforc
Reinforcing
ing Bars for Concrete
Concrete
AS 1303 Hard-draw
Hard-drawn n Steel Reinforci
Reinforcing
ng Wire for Concrete
Concrete
AS 1304 Hard-draw
Hard-drawn n Steel Wire Reinforcin
Reinforcingg Fabric for Concret
Concretee
(b) Safety.
AS 133
1336 Reco
ecomme
mmended
nded Practi
ractice
cess for Eye Prote
Protect
ction
ion in the
the Indu
ndustr
strial
ial
Environment
AS 1337 Eye Protectors
Protectors for Industrial
Industrial Application
Applicationss
AS 1338
1338 Filters
Filters for
for Eye Protect
Protectors
ors
AS 1470 Code of General
General Principles
Principles for Safe Working
Working in Industry
Industry
AS 1674 Fire Precaution
Precautionss i n Cutting,
Cutting, Heating
Heating and Welding Operation
Operationss
AS CC5 Rules
Rules for the Preventi
Prevention
on of Electric
Electric Shock
Shock to Arc Welde
Welders
rs
AWRA Techn
Technica
icall Note
Note 7—Health
7—Health and and Safety
Safety in
in Weldin
Weldingg
(c) Electrodes .
AS 1553 Covered
Covered Electrodes
Electrodes for Arc Welding
Welding
Part 1—Low Carbon Steel Electrodes for Manual Metal-arc Welding of 
Carbon and Carbon-manganese Steels
AS 1588
1588 Filler
Filler Rods
Rods for
for Welding
Welding
AS 2203 Carbon
Carbon Steel Electrode
Electrodes,
s, Cored (for Arc Welding)
Welding)
AWRA Technica
Technicall Note 3—Care
3—Care of of M
Manu
anual
al Arc-welding
Arc-welding Steel Electrodes
Electrodes
(d) Other.
AS 1101 Graphica
Graphicall Symbols
Symbols for Genera
Generall Engineeri
Engineering
ng
Part 3—Symbols for Welding
AS 1480
1480 SAA Concre
Concrete
te Structures
Structures Code
AS 1481
1481 SAA Prestress
Prestressed
ed Concret
Concretee Code
AS 1554
1554 SAA Structural
Structural Steel Welding
Welding Code
Code
Part 1—Welding of Steel Structures
AS 1966 Electric
Electric Arc Welding Machine
Machiness
AS 1995
1995 Welding
Welding Cabl
Cables
es
AS 2205 Methods
Methods of Destructive
Destructive Testing
Testing of Welds
Welds in Metal
Metal
2205.2
2205.2.1
.1 Part 2—Tensile T ests—Transv
ests—Transvers
ersee Butt Tensile Test
2205.3.1 Part 3—Bend Tests—Transverse Guided Bend Test
2205.5
2205.5.1
.1 Part 5—Metallogr
5—Metallographic
aphic Tests—Macr
Tests—Macro o Test—Cross-se
Test—Cross-section
ction
Examination
AS 2214 SAA Structural
Structural Steel Welding
Welding Supervisors
Supervisors Certification
Certification Code
AS 3000
3000 SAA Wiring
Wiring Rules
Rules
AS C301 Manua
Manuall Arc-welding
Arc-welding Electrode
Electrode Holders
Holders
AS Z5 Gloss
Glossar
ary
y of Met
Metal
al Weldi
Welding
ng Terms and
and Definitio
Definitions
ns

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