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Timestudy 141110111038 Conversion Gate02
Timestudy 141110111038 Conversion Gate02
Timestudy 141110111038 Conversion Gate02
Presented By
Lav prakash gupta – 11BME060
Priyank Mehta – 11BME063
Mayank patoliya – 11BME056
Krupesh garambha – 11BME153
What is time study?
• Time study is a work measurement technique for recording the time of performing
a certain specific job or its element carried out under specific condition and for
analyzing the data so as to obtain the time necessary for an operator to carry out
at a defined rate of performance.
Stop
watch Decimal
minutes
Decimal
Fly back Continuous hours
Selection of the job
• The job in question is a new one, not previously carried out (new product,
component, operation or set of activities)
• A change in material or method of working has been made and a new time
standard is required.
• A complaint has been received from a worker or worker’s representative about
the time standard for an operation.
• A particular operation appears to be a “bottleneck” holding up subsequent
operations and possibly previous operations.
Before starting the study, there are a number of points to be
observed in relation to the approach to the worker and the job he is
doing.
• Make sure the job has been method studied. Especially where the standard time is to be
used for incentive purposes.
• In an organization where time study has never been used before, supervision and worker
representatives should be told the reasons for the study program and given and insight
into tie study procedure.
• It is good policy to ask the supervisor or workers representatives to be studied. The
worker should be a competent steady person with an average rate of working.
Cont.
• The worker should be told the reasons for the study. Why he has been selected and
asked to work at his normal pace explaining any problems that may arise during the
time the study is taken.
• Workers should be allowed plenty of time to settle down to new methods.
• When making the study the observer should take a position where he can see the whole
of the job being performed. This is generally to the side of the operator, slightly to the
rear and approximately 6 feet away. No attempt should be made to carry out timing
from a concealed position, without the operators knowledge or with the watch in the
pocket.
Rating
• Rating is a technique used to assess the speed and “effectiveness” of an
operator.
• Rating is subjective and relies on the skill of the observer carrying out the rating
exercise and the observer’s concept of the rate of working relative to a standard
of 100%.
Element
Standard
time Basic time Allowances
Basic Time
• The basic time for the operation is found by applying concept of rating to relate the
observed to that of a standard place of working.
Basic fatigue
• This allowance, always a constant is given to take account of the energy expended while
carrying out work and to alleviate monotony.
• A common figure is 4 percent of basic time.
Contingency allowances
A contingency allowance is a small allowance of time which may be included in a
standard time to meet legitimate and expected items of work or delays, the precise
measurement of which is uneconomical because of their infrequent or irregular
occurrence.
Various other types of allowance are
• Policy allowance
• Special allowance
Steps in making a time study
• Obtaining and recording all the information available about the job, the operative
and the surrounding conditions , which is likely to affects the carrying out the work.
• Recording a complete description of the method, breaking down the operation into
elements.
• Examination the detailed breakdown to ensure that the most effective method and
motions are being used, and determining sample size.
• Measuring with timing device and recording the time taken by the operative to
perform each element of operation
Cont.
• At the same time, assessing the effective speed of working of the operative relative
to the observer’s concept of the rate corresponding to standard rating.
• Extending the observed time to basic time.
• Determining the allowances to be made over and above the basic time for the
operation.
• Determining the standard time for the operation.
Stop-watch time study of a core-making
operation
• Operation studied was the making of a dry sand core in a wood core box, taking
shape of half a cylinder.
• Before recording stop watch reading the back of the observation sheet was filled
out , a drawing of the layout of the work place was made, and a sketch of the core
was placed in the lower right hand corner of the sheet.
Condensed description recorded on observation sheet, with end points
for reading stop watch.
• Fill core box with 3 handful of sand. Press down each time. End of element as right hand
begin to grasp trowel.
• Press sand down with one trowel stroke. strike off with one trowel stroke. End of element
as trowel is dropped on bench.
• Get and place plate on core box, turn over, rap, and remove box. End of element as core
box is placed on bench.
• Carry plate with core 4 feet. Dispose on oven truck. End of element as plate as placed on
shelf of core oven truck.
Time study summary
• Standard time is determined for each and every element in following manner:
Standard time= normal time x (100/(100-allwance in % ))
• For each and every element standard time is determined and then these are added
together to give the standard time for a cycle. Because one piece is produced per
cycle.
Thank You