Stick and Stones: Family Acceptance Among The Third Gender

Archdiocese of Lingayen – Dagupan Catholic Schools
ST. JOHN’S CATHEDRAL SCHOOL

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
Dagupan City, Philippines
STICK AND STONES: FAMILY ACCEPTANCE AMONG

THE THIRD GENDER
A Thesis
Presented to the
Faculty of the Senior High School Department
St. John’s Cathedral School
Dagupan City, Pangasinan
In Partial fulfillment of the

Requirements for the Subject
Practical Research I
JHEANNE KRISLOVE M. PRADO

GHIL VINCENT C. BEGUAS
PATRICIA MAE M. LORENZO
MARVIN M. VALDEZ
MARLA F. BONAOBRA
YOJJIE Y. BUCLARES
DR. JUAN PRIMITIVO P. PETROLA
November 2017
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We would like to express our gratefulness to the following who
have shared their ideas, advices, and support they have rendered for the
completion of this work.
We would first like to thank God for all the blessings and graces
He had given us. For the wisdom and knowledge He shared with us and
the strength and guidance He gave in times of difficulties and challenges.
We are doing all of these for your Glory.
To Rev. Msgr. Manuel S. Bravo Jr., for his unending support to
us, Grade 12- Students and all the advices and strength he shared
during Eucharistic Celebration that enlightened us. For reminding us all
to always strive upward, to make the kingdom of God our main goal in
life.
We also want to thank our Parents, Mr. and Mrs. Jerry Prado; Mr.
and Mrs. Arnel Beguas; Mr. and Mrs. Marvin Valdez; Mr. and Mrs.
Nelson Lorenzo; Mr. and Mrs. Banaobra; lastly, Mr. and Mrs. Rome
Buclares for the unending love, support, encouragement and advices.
You did more for us than what we do for you.
To our Teachers, Mr. Jerome V. Dizon our thesis and section
Adviser; and our subject teachers for their assistance, consideration and
ii
for giving us helpful insights in making our thesis. Your fatherly love for
us, is greatly appreciated.
Our Classmates from 12- St. John Chrysostom for guiding us
and supporting us by giving their own opinions and statements regarding
our work. Words are not enough to express our thankfulness for the filial
love you have given us. Let’s finish this as a family.
Our deepest appreciation to our Panelists, Ms. Maria Lea Salazar,
RPT, MST, Mr. Rodel A. Reyes, Mr. Joy D. Fernandez, RPT, MST,
Mrs. Rhea L. Esteban, RPT, MST, and Mar Joseph Fernandez as our
Guest Panelist who gave us suggestions and thoughts that could help
us improve not only our thesis, but also ourselves.
Lastly, to Dr. Juan Primitivo P. Petrola, our Practical Research
subject teacher, we are very grateful for his guidance and support in
making this thesis possible. For making us realize that life is not only a
bed full of roses, so he taught us to love what is difficult because roses
comes with thorns so does how life comes with challenges. This wouldn’t
be possible without your huge patience and love for us.
THANK YOU VERY MUCH, YOU ARE ALL LOVED AND VERY
MUCH APPRECIATED.
THE RESEARCHERS
iii
CERTIFICATE OF ADMISSION TO CANDIDACY FOR GRADUATION
This is to certify that the following students were admitted to
Candidacy for Graduation after passing the Comprehensive and Oral
Examination. Given last December 8, 2017 with a grade of PASSED.
GHIL VINCENT C. BEGUAS
MARLA F. BONAOBRA
MARVIN M. VALDEZ
YOJJIE Y. BUCLARES
Juan Primitivo P. Petrola MAED,PhD(c)

HIGH SCHOOL PRINCIPAL
iv
APPROVAL SHEET
This research entitled “STICK AND STONES: FAMILY

ACCEPTANCE AMONG THE THIRD GENDER”, has been prepared and
submitted by: JHEANNE KRISLOVE M. PRADO, GHIL VINCENT C.
BEGUAS, PATRICIA MAE M. LORENZO, MARLA F. BANAOBRA,
MARVIN M. VALDEZ AND YOJJIE Y. BUCLARES in partial fulfillment
for the subject Practical Research I
Thesis committee
MR. JEROME V. DIZON
Adviser
JOY D. FERNANDEZ, RPT, MST RHEA L. ESTEBAN ,RPT, MST

Member Member
MARIA LEA P. SALAZAR, RPT, MST RODEL A REYES

Member Member
Approved by the committee on Research on November __, 2017 with the

grade of PASSED.
JUAN PRIMTIVO P. PETROLA, RT, MAED, PhD (c)

Chairman
JOY D. FERNANDEZ, RPT, MST RHEA L. ESTEBAN ,RPT, MST

MEMBER MEMBER
MARIA LEA P. SALAZAR, RPT, MST

MEMBER
Accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements the subject Practical

Research.
JUAN PRIMITIVO P. PETROLA, RPT, MAED, PhD
High School Principal
REV. MSGR. MANUEL S. BRAVO, JR, PC MAED, PhD(c)

School Director, SJCS, ALDCS Superintendent
v
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Title Page ………………………………………………………. i
Acknowledgement ………………………………………………………. ii
Certificate of Admission to Candidacy for Graduation …………. iv
Approval Sheet ………………………………………………………. v
Table of Contents ………………………………………………………. vi
List of Figures ………………………………………………………. ix
List of Tables ………………………………………………………. x
Abstract ………………………………………………………. xi
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION …………………………….... 1
Background of the Study …...............………………………. 1
Statement of the Problem ………………………………………. 11
Importance of the Study …………………………………...…. 12
Researchers’ Background ………………………………………. 14
vi
CHAPTER 2 METHODOLOGY …………………………….... 15
Research Design ………...............…………………. 15
Sources of Data ………………………………………. 17
Research Setting ………………………………….…… 17
Sampling ………………………………………. 18
Research Instrument ………………………………………. 20
Instrumentation and data collection ………………………. 20
Trustworthiness ………………………………………. 22
Ethical Consideration ………………………………………. 27
Data Management and Analysis .……………………………………. 27
CHAPTER 3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION ……………… 29
Unconditional Self-Acceptance ……………………………………… 29
Filial Acceptance ……………………………………… 32
Societal Acceptance ……………………………………… 38
Limitations and Implications ……………………………………… 42
CHAPTER 4 REVIEW OF LITERATURE AND STUDIES .…….. 45
Foreign ……………………………………… 45
vii
Local ……………………………………… 50
Synthesis ……………………………………… 54
CHAPTER 5 SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
..…… 57
Summary ……………………………………… 57
Conclusions ……………………………………… 59
Recommendations ……………………………………… 61
Bibliography ……………………………………………… 63
Appendix ……………………………………………… 67
A. Letter Of Intent For The High School Principal……………… 67
B. Informed Consent Form………………………………………….. 68
C. Standardized Open- Ended Interview Questions (ENGLISH). 71
D. Standardized Open- Ended Interview Questions (FILIPINO). 72
Curriculum Vitae ……………………………………………… 74
vii
i
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure Title Page
1 Vicinity Map of St. John’s Cathedral School ….... 17

2 Audit Trail of the study .…… 26
3 Conceptual Map of the Study ……. 44
ix
LIST OF TABLES
Tables Title Page
1A Unconditional Self-Acceptance ….... 32

1B Filial Acceptance .…… 37
1C Societal Acceptance ……. 42
2 Overview of Key Themes and Findings ……. 59
x
ABSTRACT
Title : STICK AND STONES: FAMILY ACCEPTANCE

AMONG THE THIRD GENDER
Researcher : Ghil Vincent V. Beguas

Marla F. Banaobra
Yojjie Y. Buclares
Patricia Mae M. Lorenzo
Jheanne Krislove M. Prado
Marvin M. Valdez
Adviser : Jerome Dizon
School : St. John’s Cathedral Senior High School
Course/Track : General Academics Strand
Year : November 2017
Summary
This paper entitled “Sticks and Stones: Family Acceptance Among
the Third Gender” aimed to look in the perspective of the members of the
third gender regarding their self-acceptance, in their families and the
society. It also sought to understand the attitudes and behaviors of gays
and lesbians which contribute to the level of acceptance and the
challenges faced by lesbians and gays on the acceptance of the society
especially in their own family.

xi
The study is qualitative in nature, and it has utilized descriptive
phenomenology as its research design. The Informants in this study were
students of St. John’s Cathedral School. In order to reach the saturation
point, all informants were asked by the same questions in the same order
and the data obtain were used to form themes and subthemes.
Through looking at the perspectives of the members of the third
gender, we found out the gender is a choice being affected by factors of
the social environment of the informants and are sensitive to the feelings
of others yet autonomous in his own. Coming out to their families is a
decision that has not been made lightly for because of fear of being
rejected. Informants had trouble with being accepted by their families
first hand and not everyone in their families still can fully accept them
for who they are making it harder to express themselves at home
because of lack of communication. Lastly, Homosexual people are afraid
for they are more likely to experience discrimination, and threat of
violence due to their sexual orientation.
Based on the findings and conclusions of the study, We
recommend a similar study having the family members of the third
gender as the informants and another study focusing on society
acceptance with the members of the third gender because we believe
there is still much to say and to be understood regarding this matter. We
xii
also recommend a parent-seminar regarding proper communication with
their children specially those who are members of the third gender for
parents to have a deeper understanding of what their child goes through.
xii
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study
When a baby is born, a doctor or a birth attendant announces the
arrival of a girl or a boy. That spilt second announcement dictates
multiple aspects of our lives. Their gender evolves differently from their
girl/boy birth assignment and might not fit rigid traditional notions of
female or male.
So the Lord God cast a deep sleep on the man, and while he was
asleep, he took out one of his ribs and closed up its place with flesh. The
Lord God then built up into a woman the rib that he had taken from the
man. When he brought her to the man, the man said: "This one, at last,
is bone of my bones and flesh of my flesh; This one shall be called
'woman,' for out of 'her man' this one has been taken." (Genesis 2: 21-
23).
The teachings of the Catholic Church about homosexuality, is
brief and clean: The purpose of our sexual faculty is the expression of
married love and the generation of new life in the context of the family.
God calls us to use our faculties for the purposes of which they have
been given to us. Though the use of this faculty can secure the
ST. JOHN’S CATHEDRAL SCHOOL 2
generation of humankind, to misuse it is wrong. But this is not all that
needs to be said and discussed. Other matters need careful attention.
Sexual identity is how an individual sees himself or herself in
relation to his or her sexual orientation (e.g., lesbian, gay, bisexual,
queer, heterosexual, or straight; Frankel, 2004). Gender identity is how
one sees himself or herself as a man, woman, neither, or both (American
Psychiatric Association [APA], 2011). The term lesbian refers to women
who are physically and emotionally attracted to her same sex (Savage &
Harley, 2009). The term gay is typically means for men who are
physically and emotionally attracted with their same sex (Savage &
Harley, 2009). On the other hand, Bisexual refers to any individual
whose attraction involves both man and woman (Savage & Harley, 2009).
According to Levay (1991), The question, “What causes
homosexuality?” suggests a simplicity that doesn’t exist. For one thing,
definitions of homosexuality vary. The expression of gender- traits —
feminine traits in men and masculine traits in women — also varies
among individuals, in which he called “spectra of gender diversity.”
The first widely publicized claim for a “gay gene” came in 1991
when a Salk Institute researcher Dr. Simon LeVay published a study in
the journal Science nothing that there is a difference in the brain
structure called the hypothalamus when evaluating 35 men – 19

homosexuals and 16 heterosexuals. He found out that most of the
heterosexual men has a larger hypothalamus than in homosexual men.
He concluded that the findings “suggest that sexual orientation has a
biologic substrate.” But the study had major problems since 19 of his
homosexual subjects died due to aids. The difference in the
hypothalamus might have been caused by chemical changes in the brain
as a response to AIDS.
According to Hamer from a speech in Salt Lake City in Lili Wright,
“Science of Desire Is Topic for ‘Gay Gene’ Finder,” Salt Lake Tribune, 28
April 1995: “Homosexuality is not purely genetic. … Environmental
factors play a role. There is not a single master gene that makes people
gay. …I don’t think we will ever be able to predict who will be gay.”
Although biology often determines genetically whether a human being is
male or female (on the basis of the XX or XY or a variation thereof
chromosomes), the state of being a man or a woman is sometimes varies
in relation to the individual's gender role in society, gender identity,
sexual orientation or any other characteristic.
According to Levin (2016) in an article “Homosexuality as a Mental
Disorder Simply Not Backed Up by Science” stated that even the latest
and the best scientific evidence shows that sexual orientation or
expression of gender identity occur naturally. They pose no threat to

societies which they are accepted as normal variants of human sexuality.
There is no unanimity among scientists about the exact causes of sexual
orientation. However, research states that most gay men and many or
most lesbians do not experience their sexual orientation as the result of a
voluntary choice and that sexual orientation is highly resistant to
change. (Herek, 2010). In addition to this, Archbishop Daniel Pilarczyk of
The Archdiocese of Cincinnati said in 1988 that the church teaches us
that homosexuals have rights. It is not a sin.
In the context of the western culture, US President Barack H.
Obama said on his Inaugural Address last January 21, 2013: ‘We, the
people, declare today that the most evident of truths – that all of us are
created equal – is the star that guides us still…’ […] ‘Our journey is not
complete until our gay brothers and sisters are treated like anyone else
under the law – for if we are truly created equal, then surely the love we
commit to one another must be equal as well’.
For different cultures, a third gender means an intermediate state
between men and women, or state of being both (such as "the spirit of a
man in the body of a woman”) Another definition is favored by those who
argue for a strict interpretation of the "third gender" concept. In any
case, all of these characterizations are defining gender and not the sex
that biology gives to living beings. (Academic Room, 2013)

Most parents have only limited knowledge about guidance on how
to support children who feel like their inner sense of being male or female
does not match their physical body. Children start to develop their
gender identity at early ages by clear gender choices for clothes, toys and
personal items. Often children and even adolescents who do not behave
the way their gender are expected to behave by their families and society
are ridicules by others. Their behavior may also be called gender variant
or gender non-conforming. Many parents are ashamed because of their
children’s gender non-conforming behavior and often fear that these
children will be hurt by others. This is why parents need education and
accurate information to support their child’s emerging gender identity.
(Family Acceptance Project, 2010)
Also according to the Family Acceptance Project 2010, they found
out that families who are conflicted with their children being gay or
lesbian think that the best way for them to survive is to fit in. Lack of
communication between the parents and the children about their gender
identity increases family conflict and can result the third gender
adolescent force out of home. These factors increases the risk for serious
mental health problems. FAP researchers found out that accepting
families can help build self-esteem and a positive sense of self in gender
non-conforming children and teens. It will help them learn positive

6
coping skills to avoid isolation and how to deal with ridicule and
discrimination from others. They have greater well-being and are better
adjusted than those whose parents do not support or try to change their
gender expression.
The society as a whole has become more accepting of gays and
lesbians. While an overwhelming number (92%) of LBGT adults says
society is becoming more accepting over the last decade, many reported
continued discrimination, taking various forms. On the part of the
general public, opposition to same-sex marriage remains substantial,
and religious beliefs are a major factor. (Pew Research Center surveys,
2013) Remembering the story from the bible about the two sinful cities,
Sodom and Gamorrah. Three angels visited Abraham, Two of them went
down to Sodom and Gomorrah, to observe firsthand the wickedness in
those cities. Lord revealed to Abraham that he was going to destroy the
cities because of the evil ways of their people. Abraham began to bargain
with God to spare the cities if there were righteous people in them. When
the two angels arrived at Sodom that evening, Lot, Abraham's nephew
met them at the city gate. He took the two men to his home and fed
them. Then all the men of the city surrounded Lot's house and said,
"Where are the men who came to you tonight? Bring them out to us so
that we can have sex with them." (Genesis 19:5, NIV) By ancient custom,
the visitors were under Lot's protection. Lot even offered both of her two
virgin daughters instead. Furious, the mob rushed up to break down the
door. The angels struck them blind. The angels hurried took Lot, his
wife, and two daughters by the hand out of the city. The Lord rained
down burning sulfur on Sodom and Gomorrah, destroying the cities.
Lot's wife disobeyed the angels, looked back, and turned into a pillar of
salt. Now, "What was the sin of Sodom and Gomorrah?" it was
homosexuality. That is how the term "sodomy" came to be used to refer
to anal sex between two men. Clearly, homosexuality was part of why
God destroyed the two cities. The men of Sodom and Gomorrah wanted
to perform homosexual gang rape on the two angels who were disguised
as men.
"Many are still searching for a comfortable, secure place in a
society where acceptance is growing but is still limited," says Paul Taylor,
executive vice president of Pew Research Center. Broader changes in
society have driven some of the greater recognition of third gender rights,
such as more equal relations between genders. (Roth, 2015) LGBT people
are now more societally accepted than ever before, according to a recent
survey done by Norc at the University of Chicago, with Americans
“dramatically” moving toward largely accepting LGBT people, something
many of us could never have imagined before. Society increasingly

embraces the third gender, we need to work on embracing ourselves. So,
this is what we must do now: we must focus not on falling in love with
others, but on learning to love ourselves as we become more equal.
(Stafford, 2016)
Using 32 focus groups and 13 in-depth interviews with Filipino
adolescents in metro manila and Luzon, Gastardo-Conaco, Jimenez and
Billedo (2003) Their study states that young Filipino Lesbians and gay
men reportedly experience heterosexism or discrimination among
homosexuals in context like home, school, and religion. Also, according
to Mostajo, Saz-Page, and Rasing (2005) in their survey of gay male
college students, these experiences may include being called “Bakla’
instead of one’s name and being subjective to anti-gay jokes and being
considered sick or abnormal in relation to Tan, Ujano-Batangan, and
Cabado-Espanola (2001) study notes that many participants in their field
research on sexual risks among Filipino young adults in Manila and
Iloilo states they held a strong negative opposition in being gay/lesbian,
with gay sex being described as “Unnatural” or “Filthy.”. In the words of
the researchers: “On the surface, homosexuality seems to be tolerated [in
Filipino Society] but our research shows that there is strong resentment
of and discrimination against gay men and lesbians” (p. 116).

St. John’s Cathedral School as a Catholic Institution helped us
mold our Catholic Identity, for a product of a Catholic School is another
Christ (Abp. Villegas, 2014). Catholic means universal, this means the
school has an inclusive identity to accept our homosexual friends, treat
them with equal rights and mutual respect. To be different is to be
unique, it is one of our greatest assets, we are all loved by God equally.
In our school, the members of the third gender can walk freely who
they really are. In fact, these people are very much talented and willing to
share these. During programs in school they are not shy to showcase
their different talents specially in one of the highlights of every school
year in St. John’s Cathedral School, the foundation week. Aside from
being talented, most of them are great athletes too. They play a big part
in every volleyball game played against other schools. Their talents and
skills is a great advantage to different teams and organizations in school.
In addition, these people are also great leaders. Most of them are
student councils and are student voices. They help in keeping the school
and students at peace. They are very friendly and approachable, this is
why many of the students wants to be friends with them because they
are really fun to be with. Them being at school is a blessing to everyone,
we look up to them as great people with talents and skills. Without them
the school would be different, this is why we want to conduct the study,
to have a deeper understanding behind their talents and attitudes in our
school and to take a look in each of their families regarding their
acceptance through their own perspective. It is in the nature of family to
be loving and accepting, and the school as our 2nd home, we treat each
other with respect and love one another as Christ loved us.
Statement of the Problem
The purpose of the study is to understand how are members of
the third gender are being accepted in their own family and society in
order to specifically answer the following questions:
1. What are the attitudes and behaviors of gays and lesbians which
contribute to the level of acceptance in terms of their:
a) Family
b) School
2. What are the challenges faced by lesbians and gays on the
acceptance of the society especially in their own family?

Importance of the Study
The researchers aimed to benefit the following clusters in
accordance to the study.
Third Gender. This is primarily important to their fellow third
gender, for it will give them information and enough knowledge about
their community.
Parents. This study aims to help parents fully accept their
children as members of the third gender. This will help them understand
and look through the eyes of their children which will increase the
communication between them and will lessen the misunderstanding in
the family.
Siblings. This study would help the fellow siblings of the members
of the third gender understand more deeply their brothers and sisters
about what they are going through and will help the bond to be stronger.
Friends of Third Gender People. This study would help many
third gender people who lives in environments which are homophobic
and transphobic and in which they constantly hear negative messages
about third gender people. This can make people quite fearful of how
people may react to them coming out and fearful of potential rejection by
friends. This will give their friends and people around them have a
deeper understanding about what they’re going through.
Society. This study will help the everyone realize the significant of
others as with beliefs about other socially stigmatized groups, the beliefs
held generally in society about third genders are often not based in
personal experience, but are frequently culturally transmitted.
St. John Cathedral School. This study will help the school
become more open and accepting to the students who are members of
the third gender.
Researchers. This may serve as a basis for future research that
they will conduct.

Researchers’ Background
We, are consist of six members with three males and three females,
ages seventeen to eight-teen and are students of St. John’s Cathedral
School under grade 12 General Academic Strand. We have friends who
are members of the third gender. Due to this, we developed interest and
at the same time wondered about the stories and experience we are
exposed behind the situation of the third gender regarding their
acceptance in their families and in the society.
This helped us have a deeper understanding behind the talents
and attitudes of our fellow student who are homosexuals by taking a look
at their families in their own perspectives.
We conducted a dry-run interview with the thesis adviser to
exercise the effectiveness of communication process to decrease the
possibility of biases through redirecting of questions in an attempt of
prescribing neutrally and objectivity despite the subjective sensitivity
require to authenticate and validate the experience of the third gender.
The data and results are our collation of knowledge regarding
family acceptances toward members of the third gender and we layed out
our beliefs and values which prevented potential personal biases or
influences on the informants’ responses.

CHAPTER II
METHODOLOGY
The methodology and research procedures that were used in this
study are introduced in this chapter. This includes the research design,
sources of data, population, instrumentation, data analysis and ethical
considerations. The study aims to focus on the acceptance of members of
the third gender in their families and in society. The following sections
are included in this chapter. a) Research Design, b) Sources of Data:
Research Setting, Sampling, c) Research Instrument: Instrumentation
and Data Collection, Data Gathering Procedure, d) Trustworthiness, and
e) Data Management and Analysis.
Research Design
A qualitative research interview, the semi-structured type was used
as an appropriate means to obtain data. According to R. Edward & J.
Holland, 2013, the semi- structured interview is the basis of the
questionnaire with a sequence of questions that will be asked in the
same order and the same way to all informants of the research, with an
increasing level of flexibility. The one objective of this type of interview is
to be interactional, that both of the researchers and the informants can
learn from each other and still being a topic centered interview.
A qualitative research semi-structured interview was used as an
appropriate means of gathering data in relevance to the assimilation of
family acceptance among the third gender members in order to
understand or interpret the experiences and reflections of the
informants.
According to Pale J. Husserl (2008), Phenomenology is a school of
thought that emphasizes a focus on people’s subjective experiences and
interpretations of the world. That is, the phenomenologist wants to
understand how the world appears to others. This will help us identify
the phenomena through how they are perceived by our informants.
In this study, we employed the phenomenological approach which
describes life experiences and meaning or the “subjective reality” of an
event. We want to develop an understanding of the informants’ “reality”.
This approach helped us have a deeper understanding in the lived
experiences of the third member in their exposure in terms of their
families and the society.

17
Sources of Data
Research Setting
This study was conducted in St. John’s Cathedral School located
in Zamora Street, Dagupan City, Pangasinan. St. John’s Cathedral
School is one of the private Catholic schools in the Archdiocese of
Lingayen- Dagupan s in the Philippines. Tracing the roots to 1957, when
the school was founded by Rev. Fr. Jesus J. Sison, this school is now
considered as one of the oldest Catholic School in Dagupan. Figure 1
shows the vicinity map of St. John’s Cathedral School.
Figure 1. Vicinity Map of St. John’s Cathedral School

Sampling
The study focused on the acceptance of the third gender on their
own family and society. We make use of purposive sampling which
involves choosing according to presented criteria relevant to a particular
research question. A purposive sample is a non-probability sample that
is selected based on characteristics of a population and the objective of
the study. Purposive sampling is also known as judgmental, selective, or
subjective sampling. This type of sampling can be very useful in
situations when you need to reach a targeted sample quickly, and where
sampling for proportionality is not the main concern. Maximum variation
sampling, also known as heterogeneous sampling, is a purposive
sampling technique used to capture a wide range of perspectives relating
to the thing that you are interested in studying; that is, maximum
variation sampling is a search for variation in perspectives. This type of
purposive sampling technique will help us to identify common themes
that are evident across the sample. (Lund & Lund 2014)
Data for the study was collected through means of interview with
the individuals having the following criteria:
1. The informants must be a student of Saint John’s Cathedral
School
2. Must be a Grade 10 or a Senior High School student.

3. Must be self-confessed members of the Third Gender.
There were six (6) informants who are self-confessed members of
the third gener and students of Saint John’s Cathedral School aged
sixteen (16) to seventeen (17). Three (3) of them are gays, and the other
three (3) are lesbians. They were selected through purposive sampling,
specifically that of maximum variation sampling, following the above-
stated criteria.
The pseudo names of the informant are taken from the names of
the Greek gods and goddesses that represent them most.
The following are the characteristics of informants:
Pan is a 17 year old gay from Pantal District, Dagupan City,
Pangasinan. He is on his first year as a Senior High student from Saint
Gregory the Great, a section of General Academic Strand and Humanities
and Social Sciences Strand.
Apollo, is a 17 years old gay, from Calmay District, Dagupan City,
Pangasinan. He is a grade 11 student from the section of Saint Gregory
the Great and under General Academic Strand and Humanities and
Social Sciences Strand..
Dionysus, is a 17 years old gay. from Malued District Dagupan
City, Pangasinan. He is on his first year as a Senior High student from

the section of Saint Gregory the Great, and his strand is General
Academic Strand and Humanities and Social Sciences Strand.
Nike is a 16 years old lesbian from Barangay Bonuan Gueset,
Dagupan City, Pangasinan. She is currently studying as a Grade 10
student from the section of Josiah.
Artemis, is a 17 years old lesbian from Rivera District, Dagupan
City, Pangasinan. She is on her first year as a Senior High student from
Saint Gregory the Great, a section of General Academic Strand and
Humanities and Social Sciences Strand.
Hestia is a 16 years old lesbian and is currently living in Barangay
Bonuan Gueset, Dagupan City, Pangasinan. A Grade 11 student,
Accountancy and Business Management Strand from the section of Saint
Therese of Lisieux.
Research Instrument
Instrumentation and data collection
Interview was used to gather the required data using a semi-
structured interview guide question (See Appendix C and D) with the
members of third gender as the informant of the study; the aim of semi-
structured interview is to explore points of view, reflection and

observation of people who have knowledge; a particular status or
position; information that we cannot obtain elsewhere.
This type of interview was used as an interview questionnaire
composed of open ended question on the part of third gender which must
be covered during the interview. The order and formation of the question
was presented to the adviser and others expert in order to be
authenticated and their comments and suggestion be incorporated.
Improvement of the question will be expected before the final instruction
on the main question and theme of probe.
The risk and discomfort of participation, all the questions of
informants about the study were answered; their right to withdraw from
participation or to refuse to answer the question that they feel
uncomfortable within this study was explained to the informants before
the conducted interview. We assured the informants that their identity
will be kept confidential. Also, consent was properly asked by signing of
informed consent papers prior to the interview by both parties. Interview
took place in the available time of the informants and was done twice,
first is to initially gather the data and second if for validation of unclear
statements.
Audiotapes and video recorders were used to ensure credibility of
information gathered from the informants. The informants were provided

22
with therapeutic environment where they can reflect more about the
questions being asked.
Trustworthiness
To ensure trustworthiness between the informants and the
researchers in the gathered data as well as analysis and interpretation,
the elements of trustworthiness namely dependability, credibility,
transferability, confirmability and authenticity was astutely deliberated
by the researchers.
To achieve dependability, we have set three contact times to our
informants. The first contact was done to establish trust and rapport to
provide the feeling of ease during the interview and to ensure honesty in
every statement that the informants were provided. Second contact was
the gathering of data process through the interview using open-ended
questions to encourage a full, meaningful answer using the informant's
own knowledge and emotions. The third time contact included the
clarification-seeking procedure for confusing or not understandable
statements made by the informants. Moreover, we studied our notes in
research and painstakingly review topics on Qualitative Research to
understand and gain more knowledge about it. We also asked for help
from our thesis adviser and research adviser for assistance and insights
about the study. We had a dry-run interview with the thesis adviser to
exercise the effectiveness of the communication process and to decrease
the possibility of biases through redirecting of questions. The statements
were transcribed, non-verbal responses were coded along with the
transcribed data, and reduction was done until all these fit into as few
numbers of themes and subthemes as possible. All methods that were
used in this study were described in detail to allow future researchers to
replicate its execution.
Credibility was established through the instituted contact times
with the informants. There was at least 3 contact times during the entire
course of the study, the first one was to established trust and rapport.
The second contact time was for the actual interview and another
contact, wherein the third contact time was used for clarifications with
unclear statements by the informants. We utilized the methods of
research among all the third gender informants consistently and also
provided therapeutic environment and most especially providing them
adequate time to reflect on the questions during the interview to ensure
non-factual statements. We introduced to the informants the purpose of
their study. We willingly layed out our biases, values and beliefs towards
the acceptance of the society regarding the members of the third gender.
From the informants’ repeated verbalization, we came up with themes,

subthemes and components that arose during the analysis of data and
interpretation.
The researchers ensured transferability by determining the
phenomenon that was instituted based on the answers and reflections of
the informants regarding the acceptances of their family in terms of their
identity. Through purposive sampling, the researchers were able to attain
informants by seeking references from colleagues and acquaintances.
Confirmability of the data and results were our collation of
knowledge on family acceptance towards members of the third gender
after the data gathering procedure to prevent potential personal biases or
influences on the informants’ responses. Furthermore, the possible
restrictions in terms of discerning the research procedures were
inscribed for future researchers to take note and avoid the identical
inadequacies.
Moreover, the diagram below reveals the transparency of the
research steps to be taken from the start of this study until the
development and reporting of findings. We first determined the
appropriate subject or topic for the study then formulated an open-ended
interview which then translated into Filipino. We formulated our
methodology and conducted a dry run interview with our adviser so
practice our communication skills. We selected our informants using

purposive sampling and established the social integration or the three
contact times to achieve trustworthiness between them. The informants
were complied to sign an informed consent followed by the interview
proper.
The statements of the informants were transcribed and analyzed to
form the themes and sub-themes of the study. These files were
submitted to the guidance council for archiving. We then formulated the
review of literature and studies, and synthesis. Lastly, The making of
summary of methodology and findings; formulation of conclusions and
recommendations.
Determining Appropriate Subject or Topic for the Study.
Formulation of the Guide Questionnaire In and Open

Ended Interview Format.
Translation of the Guide Questionnaire to Filipino
Development of Research Methodology
Dry Run of Interview with Thesis Adviser.
Selection of Informants through Purposive Sampling.
Social Integration
Signing of Informed Consents.
Gathering of Data or the Interview Proper with the

Informants.
Transcription of Analysis and Statements.
Archiving of Recorded Data.
Review of Literature and Studies, and Synthesis.
Summary of Methodology and Findings; Formulation of

Conclusions and Recommendations
Figure 2 – Audit trail of the Study

Authenticity was ensured by showing multiple realities and
presenting the perception of third members regarding family acceptance
will be portrayed. We were able to present multiple realities by including
in the results and findings of the study all the emotions and non-verbal
cues made by the informants during the interview.
Along with the above-stated criteria for trustworthiness, ethical
consideration was also observed. To ensure the confidentiality of the
informants’ well-being, their names were not used in the study instead
the researchers used names of Greek gods and goddesses that represent
them most as their pseudonym. Prior to the conduct of the interview, we
ensured that the questionnaires were checked and approved by the
members of the panel and the researchers’ adviser and the informants
signed an informed consent to ensure autonomy. The confidentiality of
the identity of the informants remained private.
Data Management and Analysis
The audiotaped facts gathered from the informants were
transcribed, compared from other informant’s responses and were shown
in narrative form. Responses of the informants that were attained during
the interview were compared among all informants to distinguish
resemblances and differences between their rejoinders. The non-verbal

responses of the informants were noted and were associated to the
transcribed statements of the informants during the data analysis and
interpretation.
The summary of findings was arranged according to themes,
subthemes and draw out key issues that were discussed by the
informants. The themes and subthemes of the study were deprived from
the careful analysis of statements by the researchers, No software(s) or
any digital application were used. The themes and subthemes were
subjective, because the researcher’s perception was depended on the
essence and answers of the informants.
The recorded voices and notes during the interview were
surrendered to the office of the Guidance Counselor of St. John’s
Cathedral School for archiving.

CHAPTER III
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Presented in this chapter are the findings and the results of the
study. We identified themes and subthemes and has correlated them
according to the responses of the informants that gave us a glimpse
regarding family acceptance among the third gender.
1. Unconditional Self-Acceptance
Self-acceptance is a step towards self-improvement; it is seeing the
truth about you and learning to accept it. It also knows one’s strengths
and weaknesses. The informants razzmatazz self-acceptance through
gender being a choice and happiness towards accepting one’s gender.
a) Gender as a choice.
When asked whether their gender preferences is a choice or an
inborn trait, Informants notion that gender is a choice, and this choice is
sometimes associated because of the people around them. According to
Herek (2011), given the lack definite knowledge regarding how people
become homosexual, most social and behavioral scientist claims that
sexual orientation is being shaped by interactions of biological,
psychological and social forces.
Apollo: “I think….. Pwedeng both? Kasi pwede siyang maging

desisyon sa mga… bata pa kasi ako….. ano eh parang biglaan na
lang kasi ang history daw kung bakit ako natuluyan maging bakla
kasi gustong maging anak ni mommy ko babae gusto din ng…..

panganay nila na tita naming babae then pag wala sila mama at si
papa sa bahay sila lolo’t lola ko ginagawa nila….. pino-ponytail nila
ako tapos inaayusan ng pang babae.” (Apollo: I think it can be both?
It could be a decision because when I was a kid, It was like
unexpected because the history of how I became gay was that my
Mom really wanted to have a daughter as well as my Auntie. Every
time my mom and dad was not around, my grandparents dresses
me up as a girl.)
Dionysus: Feel ko desisyon *Giggles*. Kasi noong bata ako yung

mother side na pinsan namin parang babae kasi lahat tapos
natutulog kame sa bahay ng lola ko tapos iyon nahawa siguro
*laughing*.
(Dionysus: I feel that it’s a decision *Giggles* When I was a kid, in
my mother’s side almost all of my cousins are girls and we sleep
together at my Grandmother’s house and then I was influenced by
that *giggles*.)
Apollo cannot fully distinguish if it is really a choice or an inborn
trait but from our analyzation we can possibly conclude that it’s a choice
that started with how his family treated him, like dressing him as a girl.
While in Dionysus’ case, he grew up surrounded by his girl cousins from
his mother side that eventually influenced him in notions of girls that led
him to being gay.
b) Self-Acceptance
Happiness is associated with self- acceptance for after acceptance
comes self-contentment. Informants viewed their gender as happiness of
being themselves completely. Being them, is their happiness. The
informants are proud of who they are as long as they know their feet are
still intact to the ground and they aren’t hurting anybody.

Pan: “Wala ito na ako eh…..Oo dito na ako masaya iyon na iyon.”
(Pan: Nothing, this is me….. Yes this is where I am happy, that’s just
it.)
Apollo: ”Hindi….. kasi…..anong magagawa nila tapos ano din
magagawa mo kung iyon talaga ang gusto mo? Diba? Edi mas mabuti
nang maging proud ka….. kasi kung wala ka namang tinatapakan na
tao edi mas mabuti yung nag taas noo ka at tsaka nag lakas ng loob
ka na humarap sakanila habang wala ka pang ginagawang mali.
(Apollo: “No…. because…. What can they do and what can you do if
that is what you really want right? Right? It’s better to be proud….
Because if you aren’t stepping into someone then it’s better to raise
your head up and face them as long as you’re not doing something
wrong.”)
Pan stated with conviction that, he is happy for who he is. He is
proud just like Apollo who stated that it doesn’t matter what the world
thinks of them as long as they aren’t hurting anybody and doing nothing
wrong. We can see that these two different people are both confident and
proud for who they are, no one can take their happiness from them
because they have courage to face the difficulties of being accepted.
Accepting yourself for who you truly are and where your strength
prevails and weaknesses lie will help you in a lot of ways. Knowing what
you want will allow you to be comfortable with your place in the world
and be honest with yourself. This can build your self-confidence; you will
live a life free of self-criticism and you can face the challenges in your life
and overcome these. Imagine being at ease with people, being able to
speak in public and feel good about yourself, no more shyness or fear.
(Philippine star, 2017)

The table below presents the overview of the first theme which is
Unconditional Self- Acceptance.
Table 1A - Unconditional Self-Acceptance.
2. Filial Acceptance
Acceptance or a sense of belonging within context of the family is
being understood as a two-way process. In one way, It’s about
recognizing and meeting the child’s need and rights, as well as
protecting, providing and caring for the child. Second, It is also about
allowing the child to express himself or herself (Woodhead and Brooker,
2008). According to Grov, Bimbi, Nanin, & Parsons (2006) Coming out is
a process that members of the third gender go through to reveal their
sexuality to their families. For the informants, family acceptance is one of
the major factor that contribute to one’s being.
The following subthemes were deprived from the painstaking
analysis of the informants’ statements, and they make up the struggle to

be accepted first hand in the family and the members who are still in the
process of accepting them.
a) The struggle to be accepted first hand.
When asked how they are treated at home, informants inclines with
the struggle at being accepted first hand, because of these, they can’t
fully express themselves. Informants could possibly be different inside
their homes and outside because lack of opportunities to express
themselves inside their homes.
Pan: “Noong una ano….. ahm ayaw niya kasi umamin na rin siya
(Referring to his father) …… na parang proud na rin siya ganun
*Giggles*.” (Pan: “At first….. ahm he does not approve but he had
admitted that….. he is somehow proud, like that.”)
Artemis: “Okay naman sila saakin….. iyon *laughs* na ganito ako

pero hindi parin, parang hindi ko pa nasasabi sa kanila kung ano
talaga ako.” (Artemis: “They’re okay with me….. *laughs* that I am
like this but still no, it’s like I really still haven’t told them what I
really am.”)
Apollo: “As far as I know maganda naman yung pakikitungo ni

mommy saakin actually proud pa siya na kung sino ako ngayon…..
kasi …..ginagawa ko naman yung best ko hindi naman para saakin
kung hindi para sakanila para maging proud sila kung ano talaga ako
ngayon. kay daddy ko….. alam ko na alam niya pero ayaw niya then
broken kasi kami broken family.” (Apollo: “As far as I know mommy is
treating me well, actually she’s the one who’s proud of who I am
now….. because….. I am doing my best and this is not for me but for
them, so that they will be proud of who I am now. My dad….. I know
Iyanthat he knows but he does not approve then broken because
we’re a broken family.”)
Dionysus: “Ahhhh. Ano ba iyan *Giggles* Ano naman sa, sa bahay

kasi, Diba madaldal ako dito, sa bahay kasi hindi ako madaldal.
Tahimik lang pero, wala naman. Alam naman nila pero was
(millennial term for nothing).” (Dionysus: Ahhhh.What’s that
*Giggles* In our house,I’m talkative here, in our house I am not. I’m
quiet but there’s nothing. They know but there’s nothing.”)
Pan stated that at first, his father doesn’t approved of him but as Pan
strives to become a better person eventually his father said he was proud
of his son. While Artemis still cannot fully open herself to her family even
though she first confessed to them. There is still lack of communication
between Artemis and her family as well as in the Dionysus’ family where
he stated that he acts differently inside and outside of their home.
According to Apollo, who belongs in a broken family. His mom treats him
well but he worries about his father who is against his gender. Apollo
hopes that his father will realize that he is doing his best for them to be
proud.
Although there are third member individuals who choose not to come
out to their families because they fear being rejected (Mays, Chatters,
Chochran, & Mackness, 1998) According to Ramon 2012, Third members
coming out to their families can be a terrifying experience, but families
can provide a great social support for those who decided to disclose their
sexual identity and then later met with the acceptance of their families.
b) Members who are exemptions of the acceptance.
As discussed earlier, Family acceptance is a huge aspect of one’s
being, it gives us the sense of belongingness and helps allow us to
express ourselves with the people we cared about. However, it takes up a
huge effort to accept what you are not used to. The informants are
undergoes acceptance in their families, but we cannot say that everyone
is really complied to the process.
Apollo: ”Merong exemption (R: yung kapatid mo tanggap ka

naman?) Hindi, same with lolo at lola namin then….. sa ibang tito at
tita namin kasi syempre ako ang panganay na apo tapos ako pa iyong
bakla. Siguro hindi pa nila nakikita iyong….. best saakin kaya siguro
nahihirapan pa silang mag adapt kung sino talaga ako.” (Apollo:
There’s an exemption. (R: Your siblings accept you, right?) No same
with our grandfather and grandmother then….. some of our uncles
and aunties, well because I am the first born grandchild and I’m the
one who’s gay. Maybe they still haven’t seen the best in me that’s
why they have trouble adapting to who I really am.”)
Dionysus: “Hindi *Giggles* ayaw nila papa. Kasi…. Ano ba iyon? Kasi
dugo namin iyon part namin na lalake sa father side, meron din
namang bakla doon sa lolo namin malapit sa bahay nila Aphrodite.”
(Dionysus: “No *giggles* my father doesn’t approve. Because…..
What’s that? Because it’s in our blood, it’s a part of us boys in my
father side, there’s also a relative who’s gay there at our grandfather
near at my cousin’s house.”)
Apollo states that maybe some of their family members still haven’t
seen the best in him that’s why they can’t adapt to who he is. As a
student with immeasurable talent, we can sense pain in Apollo’s words
as he hopes of being fully accepted in his family. In Dionysus’ case,
Dionysus thinks being gay is in the family’s blood and his father can’t
accept the fact that his son became one too. Here’s Dionysus’ statement
when asked if he was given the chance to be straight would he take it:
Dionysus: “Siguro…. Iyong maging ganito kasi syempre masarap, kasi

ano ba iyan *giggles* Sa bahay kasi namin ganito *giggles*… Sa bahay
namin ah ….. *Teary eyed* Ah wait….. Syempre pag, ano ba iyan! Gusto
ko kasi ganito nagiging masaya ako diba? Nagiging masaya ka tapos pag
syempre asa bahay ano basta ganoon. Ayoko, ayoko mag-open. Wala pag
kunwari sa bahay namin ganito lang *Giggles* Hindi lang ako nagsasalita
ganoon kasi pag ano ba iyan hindi ko masabi. (R: Hindi ka makapagopen
sakanila?) ganoon, ako lang iyong nasa bahay. Si ate ko. Pag minsan
gusto naman niya na parang nagiging bipolar siya tapos mamaya mag-
aano kaya minsan ko lang nakwekwento. Yung mga pinsan ko sila
Aphrodite, kaya mas close na close kami kaysa kay ate ko *Giggles*”.
(Dionysus: “Maybe…. To be like this because it’s good, because what’s
that *giggles* In our home it’s like this *giggles* In our home ahh…..
*Teary eyed* Ah wait….. Well you know, what’s that! I want this because
I’m happy right? You become happy and when you’re home what it’s just.
I don’t want, I don’t want to open up. Nothing in our home it’s like this
*giggles* I don’t talk like that because when what’s that I can’t say it. (R:
You’re unable to open up to them?) Like that, I’m the only one who’s
home. My sister. Sometimes she approves then she turns bipolar and
later she does not that’s why I rarely open up. I am closer to my cousins
compared to my sister. *giggles.*)
There is lack of communication and openness inside Dionysus’
home. Dionysus is loud and happy with his friends outside but tends to
be silent inside their home. There’s a pain in his voice that he cannot
fully express himself inside their home, which is everyone’s refuge from
the cruelty of the outside world in addition to this he kept on giggling to
prevent his tears from falling, it looks like he is really not used to
opening up about his situation to anyone.

The revelation of a homosexuality is an important one in a member
of the third gender’s life and this revelation can come with rejection,
tolerance, or complete acceptance and support from the family; however,
because it is different from the society norm of heterosexuality,
heterosexuals may have difficulty fully understanding this type of
lifestyle (Riley, 2010).
According to Savin-Williams, 2001, When homosexuals come out to
their families, it is a decision that has not been made lightly. Family
members who reacted negatively to their homosexual family member’s
disclosure have a hard time adjusting to the idea of homosexuality
(Floyd, 2001). However, fathers experience the most difficultly, especially
with a gay son. This is usually because fathers feel that they have lost
the traditional masculine son (Riley, 2010).
Presented in the table below is the overview of the second theme.
acceptance
Table 1B – Filial Acceptance.

3. Societal Acceptance.
According to Enayati 2012, As humans, we need to belong. To one
another, to our friends and families, to our culture and country, to our
world because belongingness is fundamental to our sense of happiness
and well- being. Often we hear rants of social victims regarding rejection
from the society, craving for acceptance has always been part of the
nature of human. The happiness that third members feel towards their
gender, unfortunately is not contagious. There are still a lot of people
who cannot accept them for who they are because of the notions of the
society and this causes discrimination among the third gender.
a) Discrimination among the third gender.
Acceptance has an evil twin: rejection. Discrimination against the
members of the third gender is a commonplace. The outside world can
also be a difficult environment for the third gender. The Human Rights
Watch published, “Hatred in the Hallways: Violence and Discrimination
against Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Students in US
Schools.” in 2001. The published document rampant bullying and
discrimination among the LGBT students in school across the United
States. They urged the policymakers and the school officials to take a
step to respect and the protect the LGBT youth. And discrimination
doesn’t only happen on one school and country, it happens across the
whole world.
Pan: ”Ano… ulekba (Someone whose skin color is dark.) minsan

*giggles* Tapos marami-marami… Ano ano dito? ….. yung anong
madalasan sinasabi sakin na tsk…… Malas ganoon burog
(Someone who has gills in his skin.) butil.(A large pimple.)” (Pan:
What….. Ulekba sometimes *giggles* then many more…. What’s
that….. the what the things they often call me tsk….. Unlucky like
that Burog (Someone who has gills in his skin.), butyl (A large
pimple.)”)
Nike: “Sa bahay inaasar nila ako *giggles* ano? tomboy ganoon.”
(Nike: “At home they tease me *giggles* what? tomboy like that.”
Apollo: “Oo dati ano syempre hindi naman nila maiiwasan iyon
sasabihin nga nila, hoy bakla bayot (another term for male
homesexual) ….. Bading ganyan.” (Apollo: “Yes, before what well
it’s inevitable for them, they will say hey gay.”)
Pan stated that he was called plenty of names like Ulekba (horse),
burog (pustules) and butyl (Someone who has a large pimple.) Pan said
these names are inevitable for he have been called so many times that it
doesn’t matter to him anymore as Apollo stated, being called names is
inevitable. Same with Artemis, who laughs it off that people are calling
him tomboy for fun.
b) Notions of the Society.
There is a certain notion that a society believes in, and that
sometimes the best way to cope up is to fit in that’s why gender non-
conforming teenagers tend to feel different from all the others. Being
different has an effect on the society that it’s either you are unique and
great or you don’t belong because you’re wrong. Because of feeling
different from the others the informants cannot fully express themselves.
Informants were asked if ever there is point in their lives they felt
ashamed of their sexuality.
Artemis: “Noong una *laughs* wala parang hindi ko pa kayang i-

express kung ano talaga ako or iyong sarili ko parang nahihiya ako
na baka mabully ako kasi ganito ako *smiles*.” (Artemis: At first
*giggles* nothing it’s like I still can’t express who I really am or
myself, I’m still shy that I can be bullied because I am like this
*smiles.)
Nike: “Kasi mahirap ma judge *giggles*.” (Nike: Because it’s hard to

be judged *giggles*.”)
Hestia: “Yung parang nahihiya ako na ano na ganito ako na iba ako
sa kanila na babae sila ganoon.” (Hestia: “It’s like I’m shy for being
like this, like I’m different from them, they’re girls like that.”)
Dionysus: “Hmp….. Oo pag kasama sila mama pag ano pag

kunwari pag may tao tapos makikita ka nila tapos makikita mo din
sila maganda iyong parents mo. Ganoon lang, ganoon lang naman.
Bakit? Kasi dahil siguro sa ayaw nila kaya….. Hmp.” (Dionysus:
Hmp….. Yes when I’m with them, my mom when for example
there’s a visitor then they will see you and you will see them, that
your parents are good. Like that, that’s just it why? Maybe because
they don’t like it….. Hmp.”)
Artemis stated that she has a trouble expressing herself at first
because she worries about being judge for who she really is, same with
Nike who said that it’s hard to be judge by other people. Hestia
concluded that she had trouble with coming out because she felt
different from the other girls who are straight and Dionysus felt ashamed
for his parents, there is a pain in his tone that he couldn’t express
himself for he thinks that other people would judge him and hate him for
who he is.
Apollo: “Oo kami nila Dionysus nahihiya pa kaming umamin kasi

syempre paano pag umamin ka tapos lumantad kami na mas
maaga tapos bakla kami edi syempre panay lalaki paman din iyong
mga kaklase naming edi parang negative yung maririnig namin
tapos na-try din ay natry ko iyong…..sa part ng family namin na…..
hindi porket na bakla ka parang pinamumukha nila sayo na wala
kang alam gawin….. tapos meron din iyong time na
unexpected……bigla na lang akong….. dinaan ni tito sa dahas hindi
siya….. hindi niya ako dinaan sa magandang usapan kundi bigla
na lang niya akong sinuntok tinulak sa may….. ano sa may sala
tapos pinag-sisipa niya ako. (Apollo “ Yes, like Dionysus and us, we
don’t have the guts to admit before because what if you opened up
and we admit it earlier that we’re gay, and most of our classmates
are boys then you’re really going to here something negative and I
tried…. In my family’s part that….. just because you are gay they
will slap you in the face with the truth that you are useless….. and
there was this time and it was unpexted….. my uncle suddenly
faced me using violence rather than a good talk. He punched me
and pushed me in our living room and kept on kicking me.”)
Here is a statement from Apollo, He said that when he was in
elementary they had trouble coming out because they are surrounded by
their boy classmates and they are afraid of hearing negative thought
about them. He also added that his family treated him wrong by saying
he was worthless because of being gay and one time his uncle punched
him and kicked him.
According to Subhrajit (2014), Homosexual people are more likely
to experience intolerance, discrimination, harassment, and threat of
violence due to their sexual orientation. This is due to Homophobia (the

fear or hatred of homosexuality) and some of the factors that may
reinforce homophobia on a larger scale are moral, religious, and political
beliefs of a dominant group.
In the table below lies the overview of the whole third theme.
Table 1C – Societal Acceptance.
LIMITATIONS AND IMPLICATIONS
This study adopted the the semi-structured qualitative research
interview as an appropriate means to obtain the data and the descriptive
phenomenology as our research design. We established three contact
times with the informants: The first one is to ensure trust and rapport
between us and the informants, the second contact time is the actual
interview and a the third contact time that is used for clarifications with
some unclear statements by the informants.

Having informants within the minimal number of suggested
members of the study, may implicate feebler findings in accordance to
their statements and sentiments.
However, to deal with this problem, we dug in further into
their responses and formed stable results by painstakingly analyzing
them until concrete themes and subthemes were formulated.

Gender as a choice.
Unconditional Self-
Acceptance
Self- Acceptance
The struggle to be
accepted first hand.
Family Acceptance
among the members of Filial Acceptance
the third gender.
Members who are
exemptions of the
acceptance.
Discrimination among
the third gender.
Societal Acceptance
Notions of the Society
Figure 4 – Conceptual Map of the Study

CHAPTER IV
REVIEW OF LITERATURE AND STUDIES
To have a deeper understanding of the state of knowledge in this
research’s problem area, which included our determinacy in exploring
the acceptance of family members among the third gender as affected by
the informants’ self-acceptance, filial acceptance and societal acceptance
are synthesized in this chapter from all the studies. The following
literatures and studies have been arranged in chronological order in
relation to that of the results and findings of the study to provide a clear
association between two clusters.
FOREIGN
According to the Testimony of Gregory Herek, Ph.D. (2011)
discussing the social scientific knowledge related to peer-to-peer violence
based on sexual orientation in K-12 public schools regarding the origins
and the enduring nature of sexual orientation, given the lack definite
knowledge regarding how people become homosexual, most social and
behavioral scientist claims that sexual orientation is being shaped by
interactions of biological, psychological and social forces. There is no
unanimity among scientists about the exact causes of sexual orientation.
However, research states that most gay men and many or most lesbians
do not experience their sexual orientation as the result of a voluntary
choice and that sexual orientation is highly resistant to change. This
study supported our findings regarding gender as a choice that had been
influenced by social environmental factors.
According to Hamer from a speech in Salt Lake City in Lili Wright,
“Science of Desire Is Topic for ‘Gay Gene’ Finder,” Salt Lake Tribune, 28
April 1995: “Homosexuality is not purely genetic. … Environmental
factors play a role. There is not a single master gene that makes people
gay. …I don’t think we will ever be able to predict who will be gay.”
Regarding self-acceptance and the acceptance of others, studies by
Stock (1949) and Sheerer (1949) took place in the clinical setting where
they could note the progressive change, if any, between reference to self
and reference to others. Stock stated in her study that there is a definite
relationship existing between the way an individual feels about the other
person. Feelings toward the self, reflects the feelings of the others. The
informants reflects the statements of other people around them but
decides whether to let it affect them or not.
In the matter of Filial Acceptance, Grov, Bimbi, Nanin, & Parsons
(2006) in their study entitled “Race, ethnicity, gender, and generational
factors associated with the coming-out process among lesbian, and
bisexual individuals” they mentioned that Coming out is a process that

members of the third gender go through to reveal their sexuality to their
families. In their book “Developing Positive Identities” Brook and
Woodhead (2008) stated that Acceptance or a sense of belonging within
context of the family is being understood as a two-way process. In one
way, It’s about recognizing and meeting the child’s need and rights, as
well as protecting, providing and caring for the child. Second, It is also
about allowing the child to express himself or herself.
Regarding the Informants’ struggle to be accepted first hand, Mays,
V. M., Chatters, L. M., Cochran, S. D., & Mackness, J. (1998) found out
in their study about African American families in diversity: Gay men and
lesbians as participants in family networks, There are members of the
third gender who choose not to come out in their families because they
fear of being rejected as Ramon (2012) stated that coming out to their
families can be a terrifying experience to members of the third gender but
families can provide a great social support for those who decided to
disclose their sexual identity and then they later met with the acceptance
of their families.
Informants’ family members who are exemptions of the acceptance
process, According to Riley, B. (2010) in her study entitled “GLB
adolescent’s “coming out.” For her purpose of reviewing the process of
GLB (Gay, Lesbian and Bisexual) disclosure, highlight the trend toward
earlier outing, and discuss its implications for nursing practice. She
stated that disclosing of a homosexuality is an important one in a
member of the third gender’s life and this revelation can come with
rejection, tolerance, or complete acceptance and support from the family;
however, because it is different from the society norm of heterosexuality,
heterosexuals may have difficulty fully understanding this type of
lifestyle. And she concluded in her study that Nurses need to update
their knowledge of coming-out issues, as well as non-disclosing sexual
behavior, to assess youth and family needs and direct care appropriately.
Moreover, Riley (2010) also stated in her study that fathers experience
the most difficultly, especially with a gay son. This is usually because
fathers feel that they have lost the traditional masculine son (Riley,
2010).
Regarding the Societal Acceptance, Social belonging is a fundamental
human need according to an article by Enayati 2012. Craving acceptance
has always been a part of the nature of human but acceptance has an
evil twin: rejection. There is no denying that discriminations against the
members of the third gender is a common place. Outside the home, the
school are the primary vehicles for educating and socializing. In 2001,
Human Rights Watch published a report titled “Hatred in the Hallways:
Violence and Discrimination against Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and

Transgender Students in US Schools.” The published document stated
and shown bullying and discrimination among the LGBT students in
school across the United States. Urging the policymakers and the school
officials to take an action to respect and the protect the LGBT youth.
Subhrajit (2014) in his study, “Problems Faced by LGBT People in the
Mainstream Society.” Members of the third gender are more likely to
experience intolerance, discrimination, harassment, and threat of
violence due to their sexual orientation due to Homophobia (the fear or
hatred of homosexuality) and some of the factors that may reinforce
homophobia on a larger scale are moral, religious, and political beliefs of
a dominant group.
In Robison 2011 study, “Through the Eyes of Gay and Male Bisexual
College Students: A Critical Visual Qualitative Study of Their Experiences
Being Out and Staying Safe on Campus” found out that LGBT college
students have a history of suffering from discriminatory, marginalizing
and prejudicial attitudes and practices on American College and
University campuses, these homophobic and heterosexist environments
often lead to an unwelcoming, hostile and a dangerous campus climate
for LGBT college students. This kind of situations need further attention
from the administration.

LOCAL
Josef 1997 found out that women who became aware of their
sexuality early in life were more out, with the family often becoming
aware through observation. Awareness of homosexuality involves two
main elements; sexual attraction to the same-sex and cross gender
behavior such as preferences for stereotypically clothes, friends and toys.
Ofreneo (2003) in her study “Tomboys and Lesbians: The Filipino Female
Homosexual and Her Identity Development Process”. The findings of her
study includes acceptance was characterized as a period of calm and
certainty, marking the end of questions and doubts about one’s sexual
identity as well as the end of feelings of fear, guilt and shame. According
to Bulatao (2008) in his study regarding Filipino “Hiya” there is a type of
individual in our society, one who transcends the level of hiya, and is a
mature, individuated person, sensitive to the feelings of others yet
autonomous in his own right.
Acceptance one’s self comes first before the acceptance of others.
Accepting yourself for who you truly are and where your strength
prevails and weaknesses lie will help you in a lot of ways. Knowing what
you want will allow you to be comfortable with your place in the world
and be honest with yourself. This can build your self-confidence; you will
live a life free of self-criticism and you can face the challenges in your life
and overcome these. Imagine being at ease with people, being able to
speak in public and feel good about yourself, no more shyness or fear
(Philippine star, 2017).
Self-confirmation as a homosexual is a very challenging task,
much more letting people know. Religious, conservative, patriarchal and
traditional, are words often used to describe Philippine society. These are
also the words that have been the hindrance of homosexuals in the
Philippines whose best hope is to be tolerated but not accepted.
According to an article published by Martin (2013) about “What It’s Like
To Be Gay In The Philippines”, he stated that Filipinos are not typically
confrontational people; and they also have close family ties. This is why
one could easily imagine how closeted homosexuals feel inside their
homes. In addition to this is, one, because families would really rather
not talk about it, and two, because if they do get around to talking about
it, not all families are open to accepting that their child is gay.
There is a case in Revadulla (2011) study titled “Homosexuality in
the Philippines: Various Factors and Its Corresponding Effects on a
Homosexual” of a 6-year old boy who behaves very manly inside the
home but the total opposite whenever around his friends. There were
gossips about their son but the parents didn’t believe until one day, he
was caught very off guard by his brother and screamed like a girl. His
father, out of shock and shame, spanked him almost to death.
Traumatically, the boy never went home after that experience and
wandered the streets. The boy cringes whenever he a person is coming
near him in a threatening manner, and screams whenever the person
touches him. He stayed like that for a long time until a caller picked him
up. He now works as a prostitute in one of the bars in Quezon City.
Also in Nadal (2012) “Tomboys” and “Baklas”: Experiences of
Lesbian and Gay Filipino Americans he stated that the majority of his
participants shared that they do not have the luxury of openly
communicating about their sexual identity with their parents. One
participant openly stated that:
“Being gay and Filipino in [the] Filipino community or in my family
was really difficult because it put a huge block between me and my
parents and our relationship . . . It’s the fear of who I was and the
fact that I couldn’t open myself up to them. That caused me to
hold a lot of secrets from them. And that was our biggest problem.”
However, with Hibek et al. (2015) assessment entitled Parents with
“Homosexual Adolescent Child of Barangay Gonzales, Tanauan City,
Batangas” using 31 parents who have homosexual child from Barangay
Gonzales, Tanauan City, Batangas as the respondents of the study they
found out that willingness of parents to listen to their homosexual child

is very essential to the study, parents confirmed that they are willing to
listen, show sympathy, be supportive and have an open communication
between them and their homosexual child. In terms of parenting, being
responsive shows the warm, openness, and awareness of the parents to
their homosexual child that is associated as well with acceptance. In the
study, most parents tend to help, praise and respect the opinions of their
child; however, support is not given to their child in cross dressing. The
limitation of their acceptance is measured wherein they do not want to
see their child wearing clothes that are not suitable for their sex.
Using 32 focus groups and 13 in-depth interviews with Filipino
adolescents in metro manila and Luzon, Gastardo-Conaco, Jimenez and
Billedo (2003) study titled “ Filipino Adolescents in Changing Times”
states that in the context of home, school, and religion, young Filipino
Lesbians and gay men reportedly experience heterosexism or
discrimination among homosexuals. In addition, Mostajo, Saz-Page, and
Rasing (2005) paper “Homophobic Experiences of male homosexuals:
Basis for Counseling Interventions” in their survey of gay male college
students, these experiences may include being called “Bakla’ instead of
one’s name and being subjective to anti-gay jokes and being considered
sick or abnormal.
Homosexuality is the only way to break the stereotype that there is
only a male masculine and a female feminine on the heterosexual side in
the public social sphere, This is according to Revadulla (2011) in her
study titled “Homosexuality in the Philippines: Various Factors and Its
Corresponding Effects on a Homosexual”. In addition, discrimination of
homosexuality originates from the view of the society as its social
structure being completely heterosexual. The Philippines has earned the
title “homoerotic paradise” from the people of the west as other nations
are amused because Philippines, mostly composed of Catholic
communities, are able to, somehow, accept homosexuality. But views are
different from the outside nation and in the inside of the country for
behind the praises, homosexuals are still discriminated in almost every
aspect of their life. And because of these, there has been corresponding
effects, some temporary and some permanent, on a homosexual.
Being a male or a female doesn’t imply that you have to accord
with the expectations of the society and the continuously redefined traits
and behaviors because of this homosexuality in the Philippines are
viewed as people who are out of the ordinary.
SYNTHESIS
Gender is fluid: No one can control it: it is something that goes
with ourselves, and in the family and society. In relation to the foreign
and local studies and literature presented the following synthesis
supports the findings of the study at hand.
The findings of the study stated gender as a choice influenced by
social and environmental factors supported by the Testimony of Gregory
Herek, Ph.D. (2011) discussing the social scientific knowledge related to
peer-to-peer violence based on sexual orientation in K-12 public schools
regarding the origins and the enduring nature of sexual orientation and
Josef 1997 study titled “Sexual Identities and Self-images of Woman-
loving Women: An Exploratory Study on the Realities of Woman-loving
Women in the Philippine Context” regarding the awareness of one’s
gender identity. In terms of self- acceptance and the acceptance of
others, studies by Seeman, Stock and Sheerer and Ofreneo (2003) in her
study “Tomboys and Lesbians: The Filipino Female Homosexual and Her
Identity Development Process” help supported the finding as well as
Bulatao (2008) in his study regarding Filipino “Hiya”.
In terms of Filial Acceptance, an article published by Martin (2013)
about What It’s Like To Be Gay In The Philippines, a case in Revadulla
(2011) study titled “Homosexuality in the Philippines: Various Factors
and Its Corresponding Effects on a Homosexual”, Also Nadal (2012)
“Tomboys” and “Baklas”: Experiences of Lesbian and Gay Filipino
Americans, with Hibek et al. (2015) assessment entitled Parents with

“Homosexual Adolescent Child of Barangay Gonzales, Tanauan City,
Batangas”, Grov, Bimbi, Nanin, & Parsons (2006) in their study entitled
“Race, ethnicity, gender, and generational factors associated with the
coming-out process among lesbian, and bisexual individuals”, Riley, B.
(2010) in her study entitled “GLB adolescent’s “coming out.” And Mays,
V. M., Chatters, L. M., Cochran, S. D., & Mackness, J. (1998) their study
about African American families in diversity: Gay men and lesbians as
participants in family networks, supported and helped in further
explaining the findings regarding family acceptance among the members
of the third gender.
Findings regarding societal acceptance among the members of the
third gender are supported by Subhrajit (2014) study, “Problems Faced
by LGBT People in the Mainstream Society”, In Robison 2011 study,
“Through the Eyes of Gay and Male Bisexual College Students: A Critical
Visual Qualitative Study of Their Experiences Being Out and Staying
Safe on Campus” , Gastardo-Conaco, Jimenez and Billedo (2003) study
titled “ Filipino Adolescents in Changing Times” , Mostajo, Saz-Page, and
Rasing (2005) paper “Homophobic Experiences of male homosexuals:
Basis for Counseling Interventions” and Revadulla (2011) in her study
titled “Homosexuality in the Philippines: Various Factors and Its
Corresponding Effects on a Homosexual”.

CHAPTER V
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Brief synopsis about the study’s finding, conclusions, and
recommendations are presented in this chapter to give a detailed
summation about the results of the study, and on imperative
propositions that may have arose during the course of the research
process.
SUMMARY
The study entitled “Stick and stones: Family Acceptance Among
the Third Gender” was conducted to take a look in each of the members
of the third gender’s families regarding their acceptance through their
own perspective to have a deeper understanding behind the talents and
attitudes of our fellow student who are homosexuals.
The study is qualitative in nature, and it has utilized descriptive
phenomenology as its research design. The Informants in this study were
students of St. John’s Cathedral School. There were seven informants of
the study, chosen through purposive sampling in the form of extreme
case sampling based on a criteria in which the informant must be a
grade 10 or Senior High School student of Saint John’s Cathedral School

and a self-confessed member of the third gender . In order to reach the
saturation point, all informants were asked by the same questions in the
same order and the data obtain were used to form themes and
subthemes. We established three contact times with the informants: The
first one is to ensure trust and rapport between us and the informants,
the second contact time is the actual interview and a the third contact
time that is used for clarifications with some unclear statements by the
informants. Data was gathered in the form of a semi-structured interview
by utilizing standardized open-minded questions.
During the entire process of the study, we found out various
concepts on the family acceptance among the third gender. Through
looking at the perspectives of the members of the third gender, we found
out the gender is a choice being affected by factors of the social
environment of the informants. Also informants are sensitive to the
feelings of others yet autonomous in his own.
Confirmation as a homosexual is a very challenging task, much
more letting people know. In terms of family acceptance, coming out to
their families is a decision that has not been made lightly for informants
because of fear of being rejected. Informants had trouble with being
accepted by their families first hand and not everyone in their families
still can fully accept them for who they are making it harder to express
themselves at home because of lack of communication.
Lastly, Homosexual people are more likely to experience
intolerance, discrimination, harassment, and threat of violence due to
their sexual orientation, members of the third gender are terrified of
being discriminated and rejected in our society resulting to them not
being able to express themselves fully.
The following table presents a brief overview of the key themes and
findings of the study.
Table 2 – Overview of Key Themes and Findings of the Study
CONCLUSIONS
Disclosing one’s homosexuality is important as self-confirmation
being a hard task to do, much more letting people know for a member of
the third gender and this revelation can come with rejection or complete
acceptance from the people around them.
Our study found out the gender is a choice affected by the
informant’s social environment. For instance, one adapts traits and
actions he often see and experience in the people around him.
Informants are sensitive to the opinions of others but autonomous on his
own. Self- Acceptance being characterized as a period of certainty in
one’s sexual identity have to come first before the acceptance of others as
it end the feelings of shame.
With further study, we also found out that there is lack of
communication in the homes of the informants, with this there is
struggle in being accepted first hand because they can’t fully express
themselves which possibly led to the informants being different at home
and outside. The revelation of one’s homosexuality in their families
requires proper communication and discussion because if not, there will
be members of the family who would be exemptions in the acceptance
process. As disclosing the truth is terrifying for the informants, support
and acceptance may come after it and this is what the informants hopes
for.
As mentioned, the evil twin of acceptance is rejection which may
also come with discrimination. Homosexuality is considered out of

ordinary for it breaks the norms of the society. Informants undergoes
discrimination by being called names like “Bakla” and “Tomboy” instead
of their real names and discrimination is now a common place that the
informants stated that it is inevitable. Informants tend to feel different
from the others that they cannot fully express themselves and at some
point of their lives, they were ashamed of their sexuality because they
were afraid of being judged.
These conclusions have satisfyingly answered the research’s
statement of the problem which includes the following: First, what are
the attitudes and behaviors of gays and lesbians which contribute to the
level of acceptance in terms of their family and the society? Second, what
are the challenges faced by lesbians and gays on the acceptance of the
society especially in their own family?
RECOMMENDATIONS
Based on the findings and conclusions drawn from the study, the
following are the recommendations:
The study was conducted by having student informants who are
self-confessed members of the third gender. We recommend a similar
study having the family members of the third gender as the informants.
In addition, we recommend a similar study but focusing on society
acceptance with the members of the third gender because we believe
there is still much to say and to be understood regarding this matter.
We also recommend a parent-seminar regarding proper
communication with their children specially those who are members of
the third gender for parents to have a deeper understanding of what their
child goes through.

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too
APPENDIX A
LETTER OF INTENT FOR THE HIGH SCHOOL PRINCIPAL
August 22, 2017
MR. JUAN PRIMITIVO P. PETROLA

High School Principal
St. John’s Cathedral School
Dagupan City
Dear Mr. Petrola:
Pax Christi!
We, the undersigned are currently enrolled as Grade 12 Senior High School of
SJCS taking up General Academic Strand.
We wish to humbly seek your approval that we be allowed to conduct our

proposed study entitled “ STICKS AND STONES: FAMILY ACCEPTANCE
AMONG THE THIRD GENDER “ which aims to understand and reveal the
phenomenology of family and society acceptance in the perspective of the
members of the third gender
Your approval will be greatly appreciated. May the good Lord through the
intercession of Mary, our Lady of the Miraculous Medal and St. John the
Evangelist help us to thank you even more.
Sincerely yours,
Jheanne Krislove Prado

Ghil Vincent Beguas
Patricia Mae Lorenzo
Marla Bonaobra
Yojjie Buclares
Marvin Valdez Jr
Researchers
APPENDIX B
INFORMED CONSENT FORM

High School Department
Zamora Street, 2400 Barangay IV, Dagupan City
Invitation to Participate
You are invited to join as one of our participants for our study about the
Family acceptance among the third gender.
Basis of Participant Selection
You are chosen to be one of the participants of this study because you fit
the characteristics in sharing the information relevant and needed for the study.
Purpose of the Study
The purpose of this study is to determine the phenomenology of family

acceptance and society in the perspective of the members of the third gender in
order to specifically evaluate the following explorative questions:
The purpose of the study is to understand how are members of the third
gender being accepted in their own family and society in order to specifically
answer the following questions:
3. What are the attitudes and behaviors of gays and lesbians which
contribute to the level of acceptance in terms of their:
c) Family
d) School
4. What are the challenges faced by lesbians and gays on the acceptance of
the society especially in their own family?
Direct Benefits to be Received
The benefit you will receive from this study is that it will help you and your family
and the society to create better treatment that will lead to the acceptance.
Clarification of the Things to Do in this Study
The researcher will observe you during the interview and expects you to be
truthful in your answers to arrive at accurate results.
Financial Liability
You have no financial liability with this study. Your biggest contribution is your
willingness to participate to make this study successful.
Assurance of Confidentiality
All information involving your personal profile and identity will be secured and
kept confidential.
Freedom to Withdraw from this Study
You are given the free will to withdraw anytime from your participation in this
study for any reason you see necessary.
Willingness to Answer the Questions
You are willing and freely giving yourself to answer all questions related in the
study.
I, _________________________________, ____ years old, resident of

________________________________________________________________
with contact numbers _____________________ voluntarily agree and
willing to participate in this study truthfully without mental reservation or
any purpose of evasion.
I hereby hereunto affix my signature this ______ day of __________, 2017 at

_______________________.
__________________________
Signature of Participant
Signed in the presence of:
___________________________ ___________________________
(Signature of Witness) (Signature of Witness)
Jheanne Krislove M. Prado

Ghil Vincent V. Beguas
Patricia Mae Lorenzo
Marla Bonaobra
Yojjie Buclares
Marvin Valdez Jr.
NAMES OF RESEARCHERS
APPENDIX C
Standardized Open- Ended Interview Questions (ENGLISH)
1. What was your sex or gender assignment at birth?
2. What is your current sex or gender identity?
3. How many are you in your family?
4. Who did you come out to first?
5. Have you ever been abused for being who you are?
6. Do people around call you names because of who you are? What
are these?
7. How does you mom and dad treat you?
8. Does everyone in your family, completely accepted your sexual
orientation? Or are there exemptions?
If Yes, Who are these and what makes you say they still haven’t
accepted you?
9. When you came out, who accepted you first? Your friends or your
family?
10. What can you say about how people around you accepted you?
11. Do you believe that sexual preference is inborn, or that it is a
choice?
12. Have you ever felt ashamed of your sexuality? Why?
13. If you had a choice, would you want to be straight? Why?

APPENDIX D
Standardized Open- Ended Interview Questions (FILIPINO)
1. Ano ang iyong kasarian noong ikaw ay pinanganak?
2. Ano ang iyong kasalukuyan na kasarian?
3. Ilan kayo sa iyong pamilya?
4. Kanino ka unang umamin?
5. Naranasan mo na bang ma-abuso o ma-“bully” dahil sa kung sino
ka?
6. Tinatawag kaba sa ibang pangalan ng ibang tao dahil sa kung sino
ka? Ano ang mga ito?
7. Paano ang pakikitungo sayo ng iyong ina at ama?
8. Lahat bas a iyong pamilya at tanggap kana ng buong-buo? O
merong eksemsyon?
Kung Oo, ano ang mga ito at sa iyong palagay bakit hindi kapa nila
matanggap ng buong-buo?
9. Sino ang unang tumanggap sa iyo noong ikaw ay umamin? Mga
kaibigan ba o ang iyong pamilya?
10. Ano ang masasabi mo sa pagtanggap sayo ng mga taong nasa
iyong paligid?
11. Sa tingin mo ba ang iyong sekswal na orientasiyon ay likas na
noong ikaw ay pinanganak o ito ay isang desisyon? Bakit?

12. Ni minsan ba naranasan mong, ikahiya ang iyong sekswal na
orientasiyon? Bakit?
13. Kung bibigyan ka ng pagkatataon, gugustuhin mo bang maging
ang iyong likas na kasarian na lamang? Bakit?

GHIL VINCENT V. BEGUAS

gvbeguas@gmail.com
0926-657-8208
158 Longos Street, Bonuan Boquig, Dagupan
City.
GENERAL IN FORMATION
Date of Birth: February 11,1999

Place of Birth: Dagupan City, Pangasinan
Father: Arnel U. Beguas Mother: Amelia C. Beguas
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
PRIMARY: Year 2012

St. John’s Cathedral School, Dagupan City, Pangasinan.
Junior High School: Year 2016
Senior High School

pradojheanne@gmail.com
0917-477-8284
Caranglaan district, Dagupan City
Date of Birth: February 14,2000
Father: Jerry Prado Mother: Kristel Prado
PRIMARY: Year 2012

Caranglaan Elementary School, Pangasinan, Philippines
Senior High School

lorenzotriscia@yaho.com
095-258-9932
Sta. Maria Street, Bonuan Boquig, Dagupan
City.
Date of Birth: May 25, 2000

Father: Nelson M. Lorenzo Mother: Luna M. Lorenzo
PRIMARY: Year 2012

Senior High School
MARVIN M. VALDEZ JR.

Marvin_valdez1213@yahoo.com
0915-986-4621
Arellano Street Dagupan City.
Date of Birth: April 12 ,1999

Father: Marvin P. Valdez Mother: Myrna M. Valdez
PRIMARY: Year 2012

Senior High School
MARLA F. BANAOBRA
marla.bonaobra@yahoo.com
0926-145-8576
Bacayao Norte, Dagupan City
Date of Birth: November 14 1999

Father: Larry Bonaobra Mother: Melinda Bonaobra
PRIMARY: Year 2012

Bacayao Norte Elementary School, Pangasinan
Senior High School
YOJJIE Z. BUCLARES
yojjie_buclares@yahoo.com
0915-348-7621
Salisay, Dagupan City
Date of Birth: July 11 1999

Father: Rome Buclares Mother: Michelle Buclares
PRIMARY: Year 2012

Judge Jose De Venecia Elementary School, Pangasinan
Senior High School

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Archdiocese of Lingayen – Dagupan Catholic Schools

ST. JOHN’S CATHEDRAL SCHOOL

STICK AND STONES: FAMILY ACCEPTANCE AMONG

In Partial fulfillment of the

JHEANNE KRISLOVE M. PRADO

DR. JUAN PRIMITIVO P. PETROLA

We would like to express our gratefulness to the following who

completion of this work.

the strength and guidance He gave in times of difficulties and challenges.

We are doing all of these for your Glory.

To Rev. Msgr. Manuel S. Bravo Jr., for his unending support to

during Eucharistic Celebration that enlightened us. For reminding us all

Buclares for the unending love, support, encouragement and advices.

You did more for us than what we do for you.

To our Teachers, Mr. Jerome V. Dizon our thesis and section

us, is greatly appreciated.

Our Classmates from 12- St. John Chrysostom for guiding us

and supporting us by giving their own opinions and statements regarding

love you have given us. Let’s finish this as a family.

Our deepest appreciation to our Panelists, Ms. Maria Lea Salazar,

us improve not only our thesis, but also ourselves.

Lastly, to Dr. Juan Primitivo P. Petrola, our Practical Research

bed full of roses, so he taught us to love what is difficult because roses

be possible without your huge patience and love for us.

CERTIFICATE OF ADMISSION TO CANDIDACY FOR GRADUATION

This is to certify that the following students were admitted to

Candidacy for Graduation after passing the Comprehensive and Oral

Examination. Given last December 8, 2017 with a grade of PASSED.

JHEANNE KRISLOVE M. PRADO

GHIL VINCENT C. BEGUAS

PATRICIA MAE M. LORENZO

Juan Primitivo P. Petrola MAED,PhD(c)

This research entitled “STICK AND STONES: FAMILY

JOY D. FERNANDEZ, RPT, MST RHEA L. ESTEBAN ,RPT, MST

MARIA LEA P. SALAZAR, RPT, MST RODEL A REYES

Approved by the committee on Research on November __, 2017 with the

JUAN PRIMTIVO P. PETROLA, RT, MAED, PhD (c)

JOY D. FERNANDEZ, RPT, MST RHEA L. ESTEBAN ,RPT, MST

MARIA LEA P. SALAZAR, RPT, MST

Accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements the subject Practical

REV. MSGR. MANUEL S. BRAVO, JR, PC MAED, PhD(c)

Title Page ………………………………………………………. i

Certificate of Admission to Candidacy for Graduation …………. iv

Approval Sheet ………………………………………………………. v

Table of Contents ………………………………………………………. vi

List of Figures ………………………………………………………. ix

List of Tables ………………………………………………………. x

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION …………………………….... 1

Background of the Study …...............………………………. 1

Statement of the Problem ………………………………………. 11

Importance of the Study …………………………………...…. 12

Researchers’ Background ………………………………………. 14

CHAPTER 2 METHODOLOGY …………………………….... 15

Research Design ………...............…………………. 15

Sources of Data ………………………………………. 17

Research Setting ………………………………….…… 17

Research Instrument ………………………………………. 20