Professional Documents
Culture Documents
CASTING DEFECT Sand Inclusion PDF
CASTING DEFECT Sand Inclusion PDF
Issue #9-2003
3. Description:
Non metallic materials (molding or core sand) present in the casting surface.
Some times these materials are removed from the casting during shot blasting
leaving a void on the surface of the casting. If the graphite shape is not affected
near the defective areas, it is good chance that the defect is caused by sand
inclusions. If the defect is at the bottom most parts of the casting, it is probably
sand.
Ø Design
• Very high pouring rates, metal stream impacting the mold
• Very long pouring times
• Sharp corners on runner systems
• Too much metal flowing through one gate
• Very long pouring times
• Not adequate crush strips on parting banks
• Narrow and deep pockets near metal flow areas
Ø Equipment
• Pattern equipment worn, negative drafts, not enough draft, fillets loose etc.
• Uneven mold stripping, closing and core setting equipment
Figure 4. Casting surface with erosion of molding sand where the metal
impinged on the mold cavity. Too low total clay and low compactability
resulted in low moisture sand with low dry strength causing erosion