I.

Definition of Health:

refers to a person’s physical, mental, and spiritual state, it can be positive (as being in good health) or negative (as being in poor
health); WHO defines it “as a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or
infirmity

II. Promotion of Health and Prevention of Health Problems

Promotion of Health: is recognized as one of the most important components of public health and community health practice.
Health Promotion includes all efforts that seek to move people closer to optimal well-being or higher levels of wellness.

Prevention of Health Problems: constitutes a major part of community health practice. Prevention means anticipating and
averting problems or discovering them as early as possible to minimize possible disability and impairment.

III. Goal of Health Promotion:

The goal of health promotion is to raise levels of wellness if individuals, families, populations and communities. Community
health efforts accomplish this goal through a three-pronged effort to:

increase the span of healthy life for all citizens

Reduce health disparities among population groups

Achieve access to preventive services for everyone.

IV. The three level of Preventions:

primary prevention: obviates the occurrence of a health problem; includes measures taken to keep illness or injuries from
occurring. It is applied to a generally healthy population and precedes disease and dysfunction

secondary prevention: involves efforts to detect and trait existing health problems at the earliest possible stage when disease or
impairment already exist.

tertiary prevention: attempt to reduce the extent and severity of a health problem to its lowest possible level to minimize
disability and restore or preserve function

V. Different types of Promotive and Preventive Strategies

Communication: Raising awareness about healthy behaviors for the general public. Examples of communication strategies
include public service announcements, health fairs, mass media campaigns, and newsletters.

Education: Empowering behavior change and actions through increased knowledge. Examples of health education strategies
include courses, trainings, and support groups.

Policy, Systems, and Environment:

Making systematic changes – through improved laws, rules, and regulations (policy), functional organizational components
(systems), and economic, social, or physical environment to encourage, make available, and enable healthy choices

VI. List of Promotive and Preventive Programs:

Expanded Program on Immunization

To reduce mortality and morbidity among children 0-11 months against the vaccine preventable diseases. Specific goals include
the following:

Sustain the polio-free status of the country

eliminate measles

eliminate maternal and neonatal tetanus

control hepatitis b infections, diphtheria, pertussis, extrapulmonary tuberculosis, meningitis/ invasive bacterial diseases and
severe diarrhea caused by the rotavirus.

The Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) was established in 1976 to ensure that infants/children and mothers have access
to routinely recommended infant/childhood vaccines. Six vaccine-preventable diseases were initially included in the EPI:
tuberculosis, poliomyelitis, diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis and measles. Vaccines under the EPI are BCG birth dose, Hepatitis B
birth dose, Oral Poliovirus Vaccine, Pentavalent Vaccine, Measles Containing Vaccines (Antimeasles Vaccine, Measles, Mumps,
Rubella) and Tetanus Toxoid. In 2014, Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine 13 was included in the routine immunization of EPI.

This 2016, the Expanded Program on Immunization will transition to become the National Immunization Program. It will include
immunizations of other populations such as senior citizen immunization, school-age immunization, and adolescent
immunizations.

Program goals

Over-all Goal: To reduce the morbidity and mortality among children against the most common vaccine-preventable diseases.

Specific Goal:

To immunize all infants/children against the most common vaccine-preventable diseases;

To sustain polio-free status of the Philippines;

To eliminate measles infection;

To eliminate maternal and neonatal tetanus;

To control diphtheria, pertussis, hepatitis b and German Measles;

To prevent extra pulmonary tuberculosis among children.

Program Target:

Achieve 95% Fully Immunized Child Coverage.

Program Strategies:

Conduct of routine immunizations for infants/children/women through Reaching Every Purok Strategy.

The Reaching Every Purok Strategy is an innovation of the Reaching every Barangay.

Supplemental immunization Activities (SIA)

Supplemental immunization activities are conducted to reach children who have not been vaccinated or have not developed
enough immunity after previous vaccinations.

Vaccine-Preventable Disease Surveillance

Surveillance is conducted for all vaccine-preventable diseases most especially for measles cases and indigenous wild poliovirus.

Newborn screening program

To ensure that all Filipino children will have access to and avail of total quality care for the optimal growth and development of
their full potential.

To reduce preventable deaths of all Filipino newborns due to more common and rare congenital disorders through timely
screening and proper management

The Comprehensive Newborn Screening (NBS) Program was integrated as part of the country’s public health delivery system
with the enactment of the Republic Act no. 9288 otherwise known as Newborn Screening Act of 2004. The Department of Health
(DOH) acts as the lead agency in the implementation of the law and collaborates with other National Government Agencies
(NGA) and key stakeholders to ensure early detection and management of several congenital metabolic disorders, which if left
untreated, may lead to mental retardation and/or death. Early diagnosis and initiation of treatment, along with appropriate long-
term care help ensure normal growth and development of the affected individual. It has been an integral part of routine newborn
care in most developed countries for five decades, either as a health directive or mandated by law. It is also a service that has
been available in the Philippines since 1996. Under the DOH, NBS is part of the Child Development and Disability Prevention
Program at the Disease Prevention and Control Bureau.

Goals

To reduce preventable deaths of all Filipino newborns due to more common and rare congenital disorders through timely
screening and proper management
By 2030, all Filipino newborns are screened; Strengthen Quality of service and intensify monitoring and evaluation of NBS
implementation; Sustainable financial scheme; Strengthen patient management

Strategies

Ensuring Efficient Operations, Systems and Networks Management

Expanding Package of Services and Delivery Network

Enhancing Health Promotion and Advocacy

Optimizing Health Information Management Systems for Expanded Newborn Screening

Strengthen Monitoring and Evaluation

Establishing Sustainable Financing Scheme

Adolescent Health and Development Program

Aims to promote the total health and well-being of young people through youth-friendly comprehensive health care and services
on multiple levels—national, regional, provincial/city, and municipal.

In April 2000, DOH issued the Administrative Order 34- A s 2000, the Adolescent and Youth Health (AYH) Policy, creating the
Adolescent Youth Health Sub-program under the Children’s Health Cluster of Family Health Office. In 2006, the department
created the Technical Committee for Adolescent and Youth Health Program, composed of both government and non-government
organizations dedicated to uplifting the welfare of adolescents and tasked to revitalize the program. Due to an increasing health
risky behaviour among our Filipino adolescents,

DOH embarked on revising the policy and to focus on the emerging issues of the adolescents which are the 10 – 19 years old.

Goals

Improve the health status of adolescents and enable them to fully enjoy their rights to health

Program Components

Nutrition

National Safe Motherhood

Family Planning

Oral Health

National Immunization Program

Dangerous Drugs Abuse Prevention and Treatment

Harmful Use of Alcohol

Tobacco Control

Mental Health

Violence & Injury Prevention

Women and Children Protection

HIV/STI

Strategies, action Points and Timeline

Health promotion and behavior change for adolescents

Adolescent participation in governance and policy decisions

Developing/transforming health care centers to become adolescent-friendly facilities

Expanding health insurance to young people

Enhancing skills of service providers, families and adolescents

Strengthening partnerships among adolescent groups, government agencies, private sectors, Civil Society organizations, families
and communities

Resource mobilization

Regular assessment and evaluation

Garantisadong Pambata

Comprehensive and integrated package of services and communication on health, nutrition and environment for children
available every day at various settings such as home, school, health facilities, and communities by government and non-
government organizations, private sectors and civic groups

Goal

Achievement of better health outcomes, sustained health financing and responsive health system by ensuring that all Filipinos,
esp. the disadvantaged group (lowest 2 income quintiles) have equitable access to affordable health care

Contribute to the reduction of infant and child morbidity and mortality towards the attainment of MDG 1 and 4.

Ensure that all Filipino children, especially the disadvantaged group (DIDA), have equitable access to affordable health, nutrition
and environment care.

Strategies:

Financial risk protection

Improved access to quality hospitals and facilities

Attainment of health related MDGs by:

Deploy CHTs to actively assist families in assessing and acting on their health needs

Utilize life cycle approach in providing needed services: FP, ANC, FBD, ENC, IPP, GP for 0-14 years

old

Women’s Health and Safe Motherhood Project Contribute to the national goal of improving women’s health by:

The Philippines has committed to the United Nation millennium declaration that translated into a roadmap a set of goals that
targets reduction of poverty, hunger and ill health. In the light of this government commitment, the Department of Health is faced
with a challenge: to champion the cause of women and children towards achieving MDGs 4 (reduce child mortality), 5 (improve
maternal health) and 6(combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases). Pregnancy and child birth are among the leading causes
of death, disease and disability in women of reproductive age in developing countries. The Philippine government commitment to
the MDGs is, among others, a commitment to work towards the reduction of maternal mortality ratios by three-quarters and
under-five mortality by two-thirds by 2015 at all cost.

Confronted with the challenge of MDG 5 and the multi-faceted challenges of high maternal mortality ratio, increasing neonatal
deaths particularly on the first week after birth, unmet need for reproductive health services and weak maternal care delivery
system, in addition to identifying the technical interventions to address these problems, the DOH with support from the World
Bank decided to focus on making pregnancy and childbirth safer and sought to change fundamental societal dynamics that
influence decision making on matters related to pregnancy and childbirth while it tries to bring quality emergency obstetrics and
newborn care to facilities nearest to homes. This moves ensures that those most in need of quality health care by competent
doctors, nurses and midwives have easy access to such care.

Project Development Objectives and Indicators

The Project contributes to the national goal of improving women’s health by:

Demonstrating in selected sites a sustainable, cost-effective model of delivering health services access of disadvantaged women
to acceptable and high quality reproductive health services and enables them to safely attain their desired number of children.

Establishing the core knowledge base and support systems that can facilitate countrywide replication of project experience as part
of mainstream approaches to reproductive health care within the Kalusugan Pangkalahatan framework.

Project Components
Component A: Local Delivery of the WHSM – Service Package

This component supports LGUs in mobilizing networks of public and private providers to deliver the integrated WHSM-SP. In
such project site, the following are currently being undertaken:

1. Establishment of Critical Capabilities to Provide Quality WHSM Services through the organization and operation of a network
of Service Delivery Teams consisting of:

a. Women’s Health Teams

b. BEmONC Teams

c. CEmONC Teams

d. Itinerant Teams

2. Establishment of Reliable Sustainable Support Systems for WHSM Service Delivery:

a. Drug and Contraceptive Security

b. Safe Blood Supply

c. Behavior Change Interventions

d. Sustainable financing of local WHSM services and commodities

Component B: National Capacity

1. Operational and Regulatory Guidelines (Manual of Operations)

2. Network of Training Providers

3. Monitoring, Evaluation, Research and Dissemination

INTERVENTIONS AND STRATEGIES EMPLOYED

The Department of Health through the Women’s Health and Safe Motherhood Project 2 introduces new strategies to address
critical reproductive health concerns while confronting both demand and supply side obstacles to access for disadvantaged
women of reproductive age. Among the changes that the Project introduced and has systematically mainstreamed into the current
National Safe Motherhood Program are the following:

Strategic Change in the Design of Women’s Health and Safe Motherhood Services

WHSMP2 brought about strategic changes in the way services are delivered to clients particularly the disadvantaged and
underserved. These changes involve (1) a shift in emphasis from the risk approach that identifies high-risk pregnancies during the
prenatal period to an approach that prepares all pregnant for the complications at childbirth – this change brought about the
establishment of the BEmONC – CEmONC network, which is now part of the MNCHN service delivery network; (2) improved
quality of FP counseling and expanded service availability, including the organization of more Itinerant Teams providing
permanent methods and IUD insertion on an outreach basis and (3) the integration of STI screening into the maternal care and
family planning protocols.\

An Integrated Package to Women’s Health Services

The above changes in service delivery will likewise involve a shift from centrally controlled national programs (MC, FP, STI and
AH) operating separately and governed independently at various levels of the health system to an LGU governed system that
delivers an integrated women’s health and safe motherhood service package. This service delivery strategy is focused on
maximizing synergies among key services and on ensuring a continuum of care across levels of the referral system. At the ground
level, this implies that a woman, whatever her age and specially if she is disadvantaged, who seeks care from a public health
provider for reproductive health concerns, could expect to be given a comprehensive array of services that addresses her most
critical reproductive health needs.

Reliable Sustainable Support Systems

Support Systems for WHSM service delivery include systems for (1) drug and contraceptive security, through a strategy of
contraceptive self reliance; (2) safe blood supply; (3) stakeholder behavior change, through a combination of performance –
based grants and advocacy and communication; (4) sustainable financing, through a diversification of funding sources,
principally given by the development of client classification scheme so that the poor gets public subsidies and the non-poor are
charged user fees.

Stronger Stewardship and Guidance from the DOH

DOH provides stewardship and guidance through (1) evidence-based guidelines and protocols on WHSM services,

(2) a system for accrediting providers of integrated WHSM – service package training program; and (3) monitoring, evaluation
and research on the new WHSM strategies.

The Project is implemented in LGUs in 2 phases:

Phase 1 (2006-2012): Sorsogon in the Bicol region and Surigao del Sur in the Caraga Region

Phase 2 (2009-2012): Albay, Catanduanes and Masbate

Micronutrient Malnutrition Program

Micronutrient deficiencies can cause intergenerational consequences. The level of health care and nutrition that women receive
before and during pregnancy, at childbirth and immediately postpartum has significant bearing on the survival, growth and
development of their fetus and newborn. Undernourished babies tend to grow into undernourished adolescents. When
undernourished adolescents become pregnant, they in turn, may give birth to low-birth weight infants with greater risk of
multiple micronutrient deficiencies.

Micronutrient deficiencies have considerable impact on economic productivity, growth and national development. Widespread
iron deficiency is estimated to decrease the gross domestic product (GDP) by as much as 2% per year in the worst affected
countries. Conservatively, this translates into a loss of about Php 172 per capita or 0.9% of GDP. Productivity losses for anemic
manual laborers have been documented to be as high as 9% for severely stunted workers and 5% and 17% for workers engaged in
moderate and heavy physical labor respectively (Micronutrient Supplementation Manual of Operations)

Aims to contribute to the reduction of disparities related to nutrition through a focus on population groups and areas highly
affected or at-risk to malnutrition and micronutrient deficiencies and to provide vitamin A, iron & iodine supplements to treat or
prevent specific micronutrient deficiencies.

Achievement of better health outcomes, sustained health financing and responsive health system by ensuring that all Filipinos
especially the disadvantaged group (lowest 2 income quantiles)have equitable access to affordable health care.

Objectives:

Contribute to the reduction of disparities related to nutrition through a focus on population groups and areas highly affected or at
risk to malnutrition

To provide vitamin A capsules, iron and iodine supplements to treat or prevent specific micronutrient deficiencies

Go to scale with key interventions on micronutrient supplementation, food fortification, salt iodization and nutrient education.

Revive, identify, document and adopt good practices and models for nutrition improvement.

Build Nutrition human resource in relevant departments/ agencies.

INTERVENTIONS/ STRATEGIES EMPLOYED OR IMPLEMENTED

Micronutrient Supplementation- is the provision of pharmaceutically prepared vitamins & minerals for treatment or prevention of
specific micronutrient deficiency.

Food Fortification- the addition of essential micronutrients to widely consumed food product at levels above its normal state.

Improving diet/ dietary diversification- the adoption of proper food and nutrition practices thru nutrition education food
production & consumption.

Growth monitoring and promotion- is an educational strategy for promoting child health, human development and quality of life
through sequential measurement of physical growth and development of individuals in the community.

Family Planning Program

A national mandated priority public health program to attain the country's national health development: a health intervention
program and an important tool for the improvement of the health and welfare of mothers, children and other members of the
family. It also provides information and services for the couples of reproductive age to plan their family according to their beliefs
and circumstances through legally and medically acceptable family planning methods.

In line with the Department of Health FOURmula One Plus strategy and Universal Health Care framework, the National Family
Planning Program is committed to provide responsive policy direction and ensure access of Filipinos to medically safe, legal,
non-abortifacient, effective, and culturally acceptable modern family planning (FP) methods.

Goals

To increase modern Contraceptive Prevalence Rate (mCPR) among all women from 24.9% in 2017 to 30% by 2022

To reduce the unmet need for modern family planning from 10.8% in 2017 to 8% by 2022

Program Components

Component A: Provision of free FP Commodities that are medically safe, legal, non-abortifacient, effective and culturally
acceptable to all in need of the FP service:

Forecasting of FP commodity requirements for the country

Procurement of FP commodities and its ancillary supplies

Strengthening of the supply chain management in FP and ensuring of adequate FP supply at the service delivery points

Component B: Demand Generation through Community-based Management Information System:

Identification and profiling of current FP users and identification of potential FP clients and those with unmet need for FP
(permanent or temporary methods)

Mainstreaming FP in the regions with high unmet need for FP

Development and dissemination of Information, Education Communication materials

Advocacy and social mobilization for FP

Component C: Family Planning in Hospitals and other Health Facilities

Establishment of FP service package in hospitals

Organization of FP Itinerant team for outreach missions

Delivery of FP services by hospitals to the poor communities especially Geographically Isolated and Disadvantaged Areas
(GIDAs):

Provision of budget support to operations by the itinerant teams including logistics and medical supplies needed for voluntary
surgical sterilization services

FP services as part of medical and surgical missions of the hospital

Partnership with LGU hospitals for the FP outreach missions

Component D: Financial Security in FP

Strengthening PhilHealth benefit packages for F

Expansion of PhilHealth coverage to include health centers providing No Scalpel Vasectomy and FP Itinerant Teams

Expansion of Philhealth benefit package to include pills, injectables and IUD

Social Marketing of contraceptives and FP services by the partner NGOs

National Funding/Subsidy

Strategies

FP Outreach Mission – this maximizes opportunities where clients are and FP services are delivered down to the community
level.
FP in hospitals – this address missed opportunities where women especially those who recently gave birth are offered with
appropriate FP services.

Intensive Demand generation through house-to-house visits by the community health volunteers, Family Development Sessions,
Usapan sessions, among others

Tobacco Control Program

Aims to reduce the prevalence of tobacco use and decrease the overall ill effects of tobacco through policies and legislation on
tobacco control.

Goals

Promote and advocate smoking cessation in the Philippines

Provide smoking cessation services to current smokers interested in quitting the habit

Program Components

Training

The NSCP training committee shall define, review, and regularly recommend training programs that are consistent with the good
clinical practices approved by specialty associations and the in line with the rules and regulations of the DOH.

All DOH health personnel, local government units (LGUs), selected schools, industrial and other government health practitioners
must be trained on the policies and guidelines on smoking cessation.

Advocacy

A smoke-free environment (SFE) shall be maintained in DOH and participating non-DOH facilities, offices, attached agencies,
and retained hospitals. DOH officials, staff, and employees, together with the officials of participating non-DOH offices, shall
participate in the observance and celebration of the World No Tobacco Day (WNTD) every 31st of May and the World No
Tobacco Month every June.

Health and education

Through health education, smokers shall be assisted to quit their habit and their immediate family members shall be empowered
to assist and facilitate the smoking cessation process.

Smoking Cessation services

Barangay Health Station

Rural Health Unit

Research and Development

Research and development activities are to be conducted to better understand the nature of nicotine dependence among Filipinos
and to undertake new pharmacological approaches.

Mental Health Program

Mental health and well-being is a concern of all. Addressing concerns related to MNS contributes to the attainment of the SDGs.
Through a comprehensive mental health program that includes a wide range of promotive, preventive, treatment and
rehabilitative services; that is for all individuals across the life course especially those at risk of and suffering from MNS
disorders; integrated in various treatment settings from community to facility that is implemented from the national to the
barangay level; and backed with institutional support mechanisms from different government agencies and CSOs, we hope to
attain the highest possible level of health for the nation because there is no Universal Health Care without mental health

Goals

To promote participatory governance and leadership in mental health

To strengthen coverage of mental health services through multi-sectoral partnership to provide high quality service aiming at best
patient experience in a responsive service delivery network

To harness capacities of LGUs and organized groups to implement promotive and preventive interventions on mental health
To leverage quality data and research evidence for mental health

To set standards for compliance in different aspects of services

Program Components

Wellness of Daily Living

All health/social/poverty reduction/safety and security programs and the like are protective factors in general for the entire
population

Promotion of Healthy Lifestyle, Prevention and Control of Diseases, Family wellness programs, etc

School and workplace health and wellness programs

Extreme Life Experience

Provision of mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) during personal and community wide disasters

Mental Disorders

Neurologic Disorders

Substance Abuse and Forms Addiction

Provision of services for mental, neurologic and substance use disorders at the primary level from assessment, treatment and
management to referral; and provision of psychotropic drugs which are provided for free.

Enhancement of mental health facilities under HFEP

Strategies

Governance

Service Coverage

Advocacy

Evidence

Regulation

Health Development Program for Older Persons

The program intends to promote and improve the quality of life of older persons through the establishment and provision of basic
health services for older persons, formulation of policies and guidelines pertaining to older persons, provision of information and
health education to the public, provision of basic and essential training of manpower dedicated to older persons and, the conduct
of basic and applied researches.

In support of the RA 9257 (The Expanded Senior Citizens Act of 2003) and the RA 9994 (Expanded Senior Citizen Act of 2010),
the Department of Health issued Administrative Orders for health implementers to undertake and promote the health and
wellness of senior citizens as well as to alleviate the conditions of older persons who are encountering degenerative diseases.

With the goal of Health and Wellness Program for Senior Citizen of promoting quality of life among older persons and contribute
to the nation building, the HWPSC intends to provide the following:

focused service delivery packages and integrated continuum of quality care,

patient-centered and environment standard to ensure safety and accessibility for senior citizens,

equitable health financing,

capacitated health providers in the implementation of health programs for senior citizens,

database management, and

strengthened coordination and collaboration with other stakeholders involved in the implementation of programs for senior
citizens.
In the current Philippine Health Agenda (2017 - 2022), guarantees that centralize health services for care in all life stages, service
delivery networks, and financial risk protection, geriatric health is mentioned as an area of concern. All senior citizens are
mandatorily covered by the Philippine Health Insurance Corporation by virtue of Republic Act No. 10642 “An act granting
mandatory national health insurance program of PhilHealth for all senior citizens”.

Goals

To ensure better health for senior citizens through the provision of focused service delivery packages and integrated continuum of
quality care in various settings.

To develop patient-centered and environment standards to ensure safety and accessibility of all health facilities for the senior
citizens.

To achieve equitable health financing to develop, implement, sustain, monitor and continuously improve quality health programs
accessible to senior citizens.

To enhance the capacity of health providers and other stakeholders including senior citizens group in the implementation of
health programs for senior citizens.

To establish and maintain a database management system and conduct researches in the development of evidence-based policies
for senior citizens.

To strengthen coordination and collaboration among government agencies, non-government organizations, partner agencies and
other stakeholders involved in the implementation of programs for senior citizens

Program Components

The Policy, Standards and Regulation component shall develop a unified patient-centered and supportive environment standards
to ensure safety and accessibility of senior citizens to all health facilities and to promote healthy ageing in order to prevent
functional decline among senior citizens.

The Health Financing component shall promote health financing schemes and other funding support in all concerned government
agencies and private stakeholders to provide programs that are accessible to senior citizens.

The Service Delivery component shall ensure access of senior citizens to essential geriatric health services including preventive,
promotive, treatment, and rehabilitation services from the national to the local level.

The Human Resources for Health component shall capacitate the health care providers in both national and local government to
be able to effectively provide technical assistance and implement the program for senior citizens.

The Health Information component shall establish an information management system and maintain a repository of data.

The Governance for Health component shall coordinate and collaborate with the local government units and other stakeholders
to ensure an effective and efficient delivery of health services at the hospital and community level.

Strategies

Participatory Governance for health through the life course

Strengthened Service Delivery for older populations

Advocacy and Promotion of healthy aging

Evidence-based Decision Making

Persons with Disabilities

Persons with disabilities (PWDs), according the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons With Disabilities, include those who
have long-term physical, mental, intellectual or sensory impairments which in interaction with various barriers may hinder their
full and effective participation in society on an equal basis with others.

The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) refers to disability as “an umbrella term covering
impairments, activity limitations, and participation restrictions. An impairment is a problem in body function or structure; an
activity limitation is a difficulty encountered by an individual in executing a task or action; while a participation restriction is a
problem experienced by an individual in involvement in life situations”. The ICF’s definition of disability denotes a negative
interaction between a person (with a health condition) and his or her contextual factors (environmental and personal factors). A
comprehensive approach in interventions is then necessary for persons with disabilities (PWDs) as it entails actions beyond the
context of health, but more on helping them to overcome difficulties by removing environmental and social barriers (WHO,
2013).

Aims to reduce the prevalence of all types of disabilities; and Promote, and protect the human rights and dignity of PWDs and
their caregivers.

Vision

A country where all persons with disability, including children and their families, have full access to inclusive health and
rehabilitation services.

Mission

A program designed to promote the highest attainable standards of health and wellness for PWDs by fostering a multi-sectoral
approach towards a disability inclusive health agenda.

Objectives

To address barriers and improve access and reasonable accommodations of PWDs to health care services and programs.

To ensure the accessibility, availability, appropriateness and affordability of habilitation and rehabilitation services for PWDs,
including children with disabilities.

To ensure the development and implementation of policies and guidelines, health service packages, including financing and
provider payment schemes for health services of PWDs.

To enhance capacity of health providers and stakeholders in improving the health status of PWDs.

To strengthen collaboration and synergy with and among stakeholders and sectors of society to improve response to a disability
inclusive health agenda through regular dialogues and interactions.

To provide the mechanism in facilitating the collection, analysis and dissemination of reliable, timely and complete data and
researches on health-related issues of PWDs in order to develop and implement evidence-based policies and interventions.

Action Framework for the Health and Wellness Program of Persons with Disabilities

The Action Framework for the Health and Wellness Program of Persons with Disabilities is adapted from the three major
objectives of the WHO Global Disability Action Plan 2014-2021. As applied in the country, program actions or interventions
shall focus on the following areas: 1) removal of barriers and improve access to health services and programs; (2) strengthening
and expansion of rehabilitation, habilitation, assistive technology, and community-based rehabilitation; (3) strengthen collection
of relevant and internationally comparable data on disability and support research on disability and related services.

Health and Wellness Program for Persons with Disabilities shall focus its interventions along the thrusts and goals of Kalusugang
Pangkalahatan or Universal Health Care.

Removal of barriers and improve access to health services and programs.

People with disabilities, including children, encounter a range of attitudinal, physical and systemic barriers when they attempt to
access health care such as physical barriers related to the architectural design of health facilities or health providers’ lack of
adequate knowledge and skills in providing services for persons with disabilities, among many others.

Actions or interventions should be under taken to ensure that persons with disabilities have access, on an equal basis with others,
to health facilities and services. It is important to identify all of these barriers and institute collective actions to remove these
barriers and improve access of persons with disabilities to health services and programs.

Strengthening and expansion of rehabilitation, habilitation, assistive technology, and community-based rehabilitation.

Habilitation and rehabilitation are “sets of measures that assist individuals, who experience or are likely to experience disability,
to achieve and maintain optimal functioning, in interaction with their environments”. Encompassing medical care, therapy and
assistive technologies, they should begin as early as possible and be made available as close as possible to where people with
disabilities live.

Increasing government investments in habilitation, rehabilitation and provision of assistive technologies are expected actions or
interventions that must be put in place. This is going to be beneficial in the long run because they build human capacity and can
be instrumental in enabling people with limitations in functioning to remain in or return to their home or community, live
independently, and participate in all aspects of life. They can reduce the need for formal support services as well as reduce the
time and physical burden for caregivers.
Strengthening collection of relevant and internationally comparable disability data and support disability researches.

Data is needed to strengthen health care systems, as it informs policy and interventions. These can be collected through
dedicated disability surveys, or disaggregating data from other data collection efforts by disability status, and research.

Interventions along this action area should ensure that data collected would be internationally comparable and results of
researches and studies done are used for informing policy and resource allocation. The use of the Philippine Registry for Persons
with Disability is an intervention that should be strengthened and made fully operational.

Expanded BreastFeeding Promotion Act of 2009

Republic Act No. 10028

The State adopts rooming-in as a national policy to encourage, protect and support the practice of breastfeeding. It shall create an
environment where basic physical, emotional, and psychological needs of mothers and infants are fulfilled through the practice of
rooming-in and breastfeeding.

“The State shall likewise protect working women by providing safe and healthful working conditions, taking into account their
maternal functions, and such facilities and opportunities that will enhance their welfare and enable them to realize their full
potential in the service of the nation. This is consistent with international treaties and conventions to which the Philippines is a
signatory such as the Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW), which emphasizes provision
of necessary supporting social services to enable parents to combine family obligations with work responsibilities; the Beijing
Platform for Action and Strategic Objective, which promotes harmonization of work and family responsibilities for women and
men; and the Convention on the Rights of the Child, which recognizes a child’s inherent right to life and the State’s obligations to
ensure the child’s survival and development.”

“Breastfeeding has distinct advantages which benefit the infant and the mother, including the hospital and the country that adopt
its practice. It is the first preventive health measure that can be given to the child at birth. It also enhances mother-infant
relationship. Furthermore, the practice of breastfeeding could save the country valuable foreign exchange that may otherwise be
used for milk importation.”

“Breastmilk is the best food since it contains essential nutrients completely suitable for the infant’s needs. It is also nature’s first
immunization, enabling the infant to fight potential serious infection. It contains growth factors that enhance the maturation of an
infant’s organ systems.

“Towards this end, the State shall promote and encourage breastfeeding and provide the specific measures that would present
opportunities for mothers to continue expressing their milk and/or breastfeeding their infant or young child.

Benefits of Breastfeeding:

Best for mothers and babies

Reduces risk of childhood obesity

Economical

Antibodies - greater immunity to infections

Stool inoffensive - never constipated

Temperature always correct and constant

Fresh milk - never goes sour in the breast

Emotionally bonding

Easy once established

Digested easily

Immediately available

Nutritionally balanced

Gastroenteritis greatly reduced

Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI)

 One million children under five years old die each year in less developed countries. Just five diseases (pneumonia, diarrhea,
malaria, measles and dengue hemorrhagic fever) account for nearly half of these deaths and malnutrition is often the underlying
condition. Effective and affordable interventions to address these common conditions exist but they do not yet reach the
populations most in need, the young and impoverish.

The Integrated Management of Childhood Illness strategy has been introduced in an increasing number of countries in the region
since 1995. IMCI is a major strategy for child survival, healthy growth and development and is based on the combined delivery
of essential interventions at community, health facility and health systems levels. IMCI includes elements of prevention as well
as curative and addresses the most common conditions that affect young children. The strategy was developed by the World
Health Organization (WHO) and United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF).

Objectives of IMCI

Reduce death and frequency and severity of illness and disability, and

Contribute to improved growth and development

Components of IMCI

Improving case management skills of health workers

11-day Basic Course for RHMs, PHNs and MOHs

5 - day Facilitators course

5 – day Follow-up course for IMCI Supervisor

Improving over-all health systems

Improving family and community health practices

Rationale for an integrated approach in the management of sick children

Majority of these deaths are caused by 5 preventable and treatable conditions namely: pneumonia, diarrhea, malaria, measles and
malnutrition. Three (3) out of four (4) episodes of childhood illness are caused by these five conditions

Most children have more than one illness at one time. This overlap means that a single diagnosis may not be possible or
appropriate.

Who are the children covered by the IMCI protocol?

Sick children birth up to 2 months (Sick Young Infant)

Sick children 2 months up to 5 years old (Sick child)

Strategies/Principles of IMCI

All sick children aged 2 months up to 5 years are examined for GENERAL DANGER signs and all Sick Young Infants Birth up
to 2 months are examined for VERY SEVERE DISEASE AND LOCAL BACTERIAL INFECTION. These signs indicate
immediate referral or admission to hospital

The children and infants are then assessed for main symptoms. For sick children, the main symptoms include: cough or difficulty
breathing, diarrhea, fever and ear infection. For sick young infants, local bacterial infection, diarrhea and jaundice. All sick
children are routinely assessed for nutritional, immunization and deworming status and for other problems

Only a limited number of clinical signs are used

A combination of individual signs leads to a child’s classification within one or more symptom groups rather than a diagnosis.

IMCI management procedures use limited number of essential drugs and encourage active participation of caretakers in the
treatment of children

Counseling of caretakers on home care, correct feeding and giving of fluids, and when to return to clinic is an essential
component of IMCI

BASIS FOR CLASSIFYING THE CHILD’S ILLNESS

The child’s illness is classified based on a color-coded triage system:

PINK-indicates urgent hospital referral or admission

YELLOW- indicates initiation of specific Outpatient Treatment

GREEN – indicates supportive home care

Steps of the IMCI Case management Process

The following is the flow of the iMCI process. At the out-patient health facility, the health worker should routinely do basic
demographic data collection, vital signs taking, and asking the mother about the child's problems. Determine whether this is an
initial or a follow-up visit. The health worker then proceeds with the IMCI process by checking for general danger signs,
assessing the main symptoms and other processes indicated in the chart below.