INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

The Department of Health (DOH) has recorded over 138,000 cases of dengue

fever nationwide in the first three quarters of the year, which represents a 21 percent

increase compared to the number of cases in the same period last year (De Vera, 2018).

Dengue fever is potentially fatal and mainly affects children. Among the hundreds who

died, for instance, the age gap group with the highest case fatality rate is composed of

children who are less than one year old (Geronimo, 2016).

The attraction of mosquitoes towards human beings is due to the lactic acid and

CO2 which is present in our sweat. The chemoreceptors present in the antennae of

mosquitoes perceive the smell of the sweat. The role of natural mosquito repellent is to

mask human scent. Controlling mosquitoes is of utmost importance in the present day

scenario with rising number of mosquito borne diseases. An alarming increase in the

range of mosquitoes is mainly due to deforestation, industrialized farming and stagnant

water. Thus, special products like mosquito repellents for combating mosquitoes are

required (Ranasinghe, Arambewela & Sarasinghe, 2019).

The products used for mosquito repellency show varying degrees of effectiveness.

A number of natural mosquito repellents were studied in many research papers and

review papers that work to repel mosquitoes. Mosquito repellents based on chemicals has

a design with remarkable safety profile, but even then they are toxic against the skin and

nervous system and usually cause rashes, swelling and sometimes eye irritation (Shukla,

2018).

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 Insect repellents are important public health tools for the prevention of vector

borne infectious disease (Goddard, 2012). Actions to reduce vector-borne diseases can

result in major health gains and relieve important constraint on development in poor

regions (Amerasinghe, 2010). And this insect repellents help to prevent and control the

outbreaks of insect borne diseases such as malaria, Lyme disease, dengue fever, and

bubonic plague (Encyclopedia, 2011). Technically, an insect repellent is any chemical or

natural that causes insects or other arthropods to make direct oriented movements away

of the source of repellent.

Many mosquito repellents have harmful substances. Although commercial

mosquito coil can effectively kill mosquitoes but it has a chemicals that is not safe when

it is expose to people. "Not many people know about it, but the damage done to your

lungs by one mosquito coil is equivalent to the damage done by 100 cigarettes” (Salvi,

2011).

The researcher used Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus), Garlic (Allium sativum)

extract as suitable components of the organic mosquito coil. It does not contain harmful

chemicals which are present in some commercial products. Citronella is natural oil found

in lemongrass that makes mosquitoes repel (Oder, 2014).

The researchers decided to make a natural mosquito repellent with the main

ingredients of lemongrass and garlic that has maybe no harmful effects and effectively

repel mosquitoes. To produce a mosquito coil repellent that may repel mosquitoes and

that is affordable and cheaper than other commercial mosquito coil products.

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Statement of the Problem

The main purpose of the study was to determine the effect of alternative mosquito

coil at Bacolod City National High School, School Year 2018-2019.

Specifically, it sought answers to the following questions:

1. What is the number of mosquito repelled in 10 minutes according to the following

set-ups?

a. Set-up A (3ml lemongrass & 5ml garlic extracts)

b. Set-up B ( 5ml lemongrass & 3ml garlic extracts)

c. Set-up C ( 5ml lemongrass &5ml garlic extracts)

2. Is there a significant difference in the number of mosquitoes repelled when compared

according to the following set-ups?

a. Set-up A (3ml lemongrass & 5ml garlic extracts)

b. Set-up B (5ml lemongrass & 3ml garlic extracts)

c. Set-up C (5ml lemongrass & 5ml garlic extracts)

Hypothesis

To answer the question mentioned above, this was the hypothesis:

1. There is no significant difference in the number of mosquitoes repelled when

compared according to the following set-ups.

a. Set-up A (3ml lemongrass & 5ml garlic extracts)

b. Set-up B (5ml lemongrass & 3ml garlic extracts)

c. Set-up C (5ml lemongrass & 5ml garlic extracts)

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Theoretical Framework

This was anchored in Diane Wells Theory (2017) in which lemongrass is an herb

that can also be used in repelling biting insects such as mosquitoes. Lemongrass oil is

extracted from the lemongrass plant and. In this form, it is easier to use it as a repellent

and lemongrass is a natural repellent because it has high geraniol and citral content. It has

a strong, earthy, fresh, and lemony smell, which repels and biting insects as well.

In Chavshin's study, he stated that lemongrass or cymbopogon citratus is also

possible mosquito repellent and have been demonstrated good efficacy against Aedes

spp., and Culex spp. Essential oils of an appreciable number of plants have been shown to

be repellent against various haematophagous arthropods. Lemongrass produces the most

used natural repellents in the world. Lemongrass essential oil is obtained from the aerial

parts of the plant. The plant has been widely recognized for its enthnobotanical and

medicinal usefulness. Other documented effects of essential oils of plants include

insecticidal antifungal antimicrobial and the therapeutic properties as cited by (Njagi,

2017).

These theories are related to our study as it states that the lemongrass and garlic

can be used as mosquito repellent and effectively repel mosquitoes.

Conceptual Framework

This was a research study of lemongrass and garlic as main components in

making alternative mosquito coil repellent. The independent variable were the three set-

ups; Set-up A (3ml lemongrass & 5ml garlic extract); Set-up B (5ml lemongrass & 3ml

garlic extract); Set-up C (5ml lemongrass & 5ml garlic extract). Cassava starch and

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candle wax are also used to mold the mosquito coil repellent. It was an assumption that

the number of mosquito repelled was due to the different concentration of Lemongrass

and Garlic Extract.

Figure 1 showed the relationships of variables under investigation.

INDEPENDENT VARIABLES DEPENDENT VARIABLE

Mosquito Coil Repellent made

from Lemongrass and Garlic Number of Mosquito Repelled
Extract

Figure 1. A Schematic Diagram illustrating the lemongrass and garlic mosquito coil
repellent and the number of mosquito repelled.

Scope and Limitation

This study focused on mosquito coil repellent made from lemongrass and garlic

extract. The lemongrass leaves were taken in Brgy. Taculing. The cassava starch and

candle wax as a mosquito coil binder were bought at Central Market Bacolod. The garlic

used was bought in sari-sari store in Sharina Heights. This study was conducted at

Sharina Heights, Brgy. Taculing, Bacolod City. The researchers used three mosquito nets

to house the 20 mosquitos per net and were tested in two trials for ten minutes per trial.

The same number of mosquitos was tested on the second trial. The experiment was set on

weekends and was completed in four weeks.

Significance of the Study

This study may be significant to the following:

Community. Lemongrass and garlic as an alternative mosquito repellent is eco-

friendly. Production does not involve any use of hazardous substances that could alter our

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environment. Making this alternative mosquito repellent will help the community by its

harmless effect during inhalation of non-toxic substances and its healthier that way.

Homes. Homes are the major beneficiaries of this study. For this alternative

mosquito repellent coil is safe and effective to use. This is the simplest and easiest way to

protect the homes from mosquitoes. This can also be healthy in our homes because of its

natural substances.

Students. It would give them the knowledge to be responsible members of the

community by realizing the risks of mosquitoes. Using lemongrass and garlic as

alternative mosquito repellent instead of chemical based can be considered as part of the

solution in the mosquito problems. Students also can focus on their studies at night

because of the absence of irritating mosquitoes by the help of alternative mosquito

repellent coil. This is also good for the health of the students because of the natural

benefits of lemongrass and garlic though it is non-toxic, it is safe.

Researchers. The positive results of this study would make them helpful

contributors, specially to the scientific community, in the field of research on mosquito

repellents and generally, to the society, in providing an alternative, effective, inexpensive

and relatively safe mosquito repellent coil. This can also be safe to the persons who have

health problems during experiment because of its non-toxic substance.

Future researchers. This study can help other researchers on the alternative ways

in repelling mosquitoes. This would improve their strategic way of doing their research

when it comes to environmental problems that were prevalent in the society.

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Definition of Terms

To ensure clarity and understanding of the terms in this study, the following terms

are to be defined conceptually and operationally.

Garlic. It refers to a plant in the onion family that’s grown for its distinctive taste

and health benefits (Leech, 2018). In this study, it refers as a one of the main ingredients

that is to be extracted in making the natural mosquito coil repellent and it is the

independent variable of this study.

Lemongrass. It refers to a type of grass of robust habit native to southern India

and Ceylon that is grown in tropical regions for its lemon-scented foliage used as a

seasoning and that is the source of an aromatic essential oil (Merriam, 2019). In this

study, lemongrass refers as one of the main ingredients to be extracted in making the

mosquito coil repellent and the independent variable of the study.

Mosquito. It refers to a family of flies called the “Culicidae” that can transmit

diseases through its bite (Reinagel, 2010). In this study, mosquito serves as the main

subject.

Mosquito Coil. It refers as essential incense used for repelling mosquitoes

(Karen, 2018). In this study, mosquito coil is shaped as a spiral and burns slowly in order

to produce smoke that is to be used to repel mosquitoes.

Natural. It refers as existing in or derived from nature, not made or caused by

mankind (Oxford, 2019). In this study, natural is unmade from humankind, it grows

everywhere or live by itself and it can be used as an alternative mosquito coil repellent.

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 Repellent. It refers to a substance used to repel something (Cambridge, 2019). In

this study, this can be used in repelling such as mosquitoes/insects to prevent mosquito

bites.

Review of Related Literature

This part presented the review of related literature that had relation to this study.

These literature and studies were related to this present investigation in terms of its

concept, variables, findings and other researched that supports this study. Literature

included here was related to the lemongrass and garlic as alternative natural mosquito

coil.

Lemongrass (Cymbopogon Citratus)

Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) is a perennial herb widely used in Asian

cuisine (Agron, 2012). Cymbopogon is a genus of about 55 species, which are indigenous

in tropical and semi-tropical areas of Asia and are cultivated in South and Central

America, Africa and other tropical countries. These are tufted perennial C4 grasses with

numerous stiff stems arising from a short, rhizomatous rootstock, as with citrus flavor,

and can be dried and powdered or used fresh. The name Cymbopogon is derived from the

Greek words “kymbe” (boat) and “pogon” (beard), referring to the flower spike

arrangement (Shah, 2011).

When it comes to citrusy herbs, it’s tough to beat lemongrass. This easy-growing

herb is a citrus power house. Lemongrass is a tropical herb, hardy only to Zones 8 and

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warmer. Lemongrass grows quickly and spreads to fill a planting bed or pot. Expect a

plant to reach a size of 3 to 5 feet tall and up to 2 feet wide in a growing season (Forney,

2011).

Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) grown into a composite clump about 15"

across. We cut the tops every couple of weeks because it shaded out the other herbs in the

herb bed (lots of green stuff for the compost), but it quickly grew back. And we found it

keeps the mosquitoes away. It contains something very similar to citronella oil, it's a safe

and natural insect repellent that's just as effective as the commercial chemical products,

especially when it's fresh (Patel, Gupta & Oswal, 2012).

Lemongrass Essential Oil can be helpful when carefully used in very-very low

dilution by those that are challenged with acne-prone skin. Aromatically, Lemongrass

Essential Oil blends well with essential oils in the citrus, wood, mint and herbaceous

families. Like Geranium Essential Oil and Peppermint Essential Oil, Lemongrass

Essential Oil can easily overpower a blend, so use it minimally at first. It is also a use for

muscular aches and pains, gastrointestinal disorders, indigestion, physical and mental

exhaustion, acne, insect repellent, acne, athlete's foot, excessive perspiration, flatulence,

insect repellent, muscle aches, oily skin, scabies and stress (Aromaweb, 2019).

Lemongrass is a tropical grass that grows well in humid, warm environments.

With possible origins in India and Sri Lanka, this aromatic herb has an extensive use

throughout much of Asia as a flavorful cooking additive for salads and curries. It was

also historically used in teas, cleaning materials, perfumes, soaps, creams and deodorants.

South American folk medicine used the grass for treating hypertension, inflammation,

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nervousness, sleep disorders, infection, fevers and gastrointestinal disorders (Marshall,

2016).

Lemongrass oil is extracted from the dried leaves of the plant. It has a thin

consistency and a pale or bright yellow color. It is a great addition to various skincare,

cosmetic and industrial products such as soaps, lotions, creams and detergents. It also

works as an air freshener and deodorizer, especially when blended with other essential

oils like geranium, peppermint, cedarwood, helichrysum, ylang ylang, and conifers like

spruce, fir and pine. These blends may simply be put it in an oil burner, diffuser or

vaporizer. It is also known for its ability to repel insects such as mosquitoes and

houseflies due to its high citral and geraniol content (Mercola, 2017).

Cymbopogon citratus (Lemon grass) oil has been known as effective insect

repellent; its effectiveness in mosquito repellence has also been documented. This study

was aimed at testing the mosquito repellent property of Cymbopogon citratus on human

volunteers and mosquitoes in captivity, to determine its suitability as natural product-

based mosquito repellent (George et al, 2016).

Cymbopogon produces the most used natural repellents in the world. Many

extracts and essential oils isolated from these plants have been tested against different

kinds of arthropods. Cymbopogon excavatus gave 100% repellence for 2 h, when it was

evaluated in the laboratory against Anopheles arabiensis and its repellence decreased to

59.3% after 4 h (Ojewumi et al., 2017).

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Garlic (Allium sativum)

Garlic is a perennial member of the onion family, Alliaceae, and is closely related

to leeks, onions, shallots, and chives. All of these plants send up hollow, tubular

(sometimes flattened) leaves from a bulb that grows below the ground. The leaves are

followed by a flower stalk (scape), and then by the flower itself. Garlic may also produce

“bulbils” – tiny bulbs that may begin to sprout, on the flower head. All parts of the garlic

plant are edible, but the bulb is the most prized and useful in the kitchen (Macdonald,

2018).

Garlic is a bulbous plant; grows up to 1.2 m in height. It is easy to grow and can

be grown in mild climates. There are different types or subspecies of garlic, most notably

hard-neck garlic and soft-neck garlic. Allicin (allyl 2-propenethiosulfinate or diallyl

thiosulfinate) is the principal bioactive compound present in the aqueous extract of garlic

or raw garlic homogenate. When garlic is chopped or crushed, allinase enzyme is

activated and produce allicin from alliin (present in intact garlic) (Phytome, 2014).

In very cold regions, garlic cloves can be planted into module tray for planting out

in spring and it can be grown outdoors over winter in many regions. Garlic needs very

little attention. Water, if the weather is dry ̶ especially garlic in containers ̶ and weed

between rows to prevent plants from getting swamped. It will benefit from a mulch of

grass clippings lay an organic mulch such as grass clippings occasionally during the

growing season to help feed plants, while keeping the ground cool and moist (Vanheems,

2017).

Garlic is an herb that is grown around the world. It is used for many conditions

related to the heart and blood system. Some people use garlic to prevent and treat

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different kinds of cancers. Garlic has been tried for treating an enlarged prostate, cystic

fibrosis, diabetes, osteoarthritis, allergic rhinitis, traveler’s diarrhea, high blood pressure

late in pregnancy (pre-eclampsia), yeast infection, flu and swine flu. It is also used to

prevent tick bites, as a mosquito repellant, and for preventing the common cold, and

treating and preventing bacterial and fungal infections (Russel, 2010).

Eating garlic offers mild protection from mosquitoes, both from the odor on your

breath as well as sulfur compounds that you emit through your skin. The smell of garlic is

known to repel mosquitoes (Reinagel, 2010).

The extract of garlic showed positive repellent effects on ticks at all

concentrations tested (Nchu, Magalo & Eloff, 2016). In the study, by the department of

Plant Production Technology and Faculty of Agricultural Technology in Bangkok,

Thailand affirmed that lemongrass is indeed contains organic repellents against mosquito.

Garlic bulb extract contains potential insect repellents such as thiosphens and diathiane,

and further studies to evaluate the repellent effects of the individual compounds against

ticks are recommended.

There are many anecdotes and ethnobotanical claims suggesting that garlic

extracts repel pest of arthropod origin (Karunamoorthi & Hailu, 2014).

Garlic is used as an insecticide with both repellent and biocidal properties. Garlic

crop residues have both nematicidal and herbicidal properties. The Select Committee on

GRAS Substances (SCOGS, 1973) states there is no evidence that garlic or oil of garlic

demonstrates a hazard to the public when used at current levels (Khan & Abourashed,

2010).

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Repellents

Insect repellents are useful to prevent bites, skin eruptions and rashes that may be

caused by an insect's bite. Mosquito bites can cause severe skin irritation through an

allergic reaction to the mosquito's saliva. Authorities, such as the Center for Disease

Control and Prevention (CDC) recommend the use of insect repellents to prevent

mosquito-borne diseases (Anderson, 2013).

Repellents, containing ingredients such as diethyl phthalate, diethyl carbate; N, N-

Diethyl-3-Methylbenzamide (DEET), metofluthrin, oil of lemon-eucalyptus, picaridin

and ethyl hexanediol. For more than 50 years, DEET has been the gold standard in

mosquito repellent stated in AMCA (2018).

Natural anti-mosquito agents are likely to offer an inexpensive and effective that

can be used to prevent mosquitoes from human beings (Geetha, 2014). Insect repellents

work by masking humans, a number of natural and chemical mosquito repellents were

studied to work on repelling mosquitoes. However, there is an urgent need to develop

new insecticides for controlling mosquitoes which are environmentally safe.

DEET is a reliable and highly effective insect repellent. The chemical has been in

public use since 1957.The repellent is sold under numerous brand names and comes in

lotion, spray and many other forms. Concentrations of DEET range from about 5% all the

way up to 100% stated in MSDOH (2018).

An increasing number of evidence suggests that insect repellents may trigger

undesirable hazardous interactions with biological systems with a potential to generate

harmful effects including intermediate metabolites. Biotransformation followed by

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bioaccumulation (vice versa) may be an important phenomenon for toxic response of

these chemicals (Roy et al., 2017).

Consumer Reports’ tests have found that some insect repellents, especially those

with the chemical DEET, can help keep bugs away. But its safety experts say that the

products may also pose risks (Reports, 2014).

About 30 percent of Americans use repellents with DEET every year, but you

should know that this chemical – though generally effective in keeping away insects –

can have deadly repercussions. From 1961 to 2002, the Agency for Toxic Substances and

Disease Registry reports eight deaths related to DEET exposure (Mercola et al., 2015).

On the other hand, there is a study that lemon eucalyptus oil has been found to be

the most effective natural mosquito repellent. Studies have found that the efficacy of this

particular oil falls third in line, behind DEET and picaridin. It is the only natural repellent

that is registered with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and

recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for effectiveness

and human safety (Wong, 2017).

Synthesis

From the different literature review edit was clear that the problem existed. There

were many commercial mosquito coil repellents were used and help people to repel and

eliminate mosquitoes but not good for the health. The disease brought by dengue

mosquitoes are rising up and force people to think good idea to avoid this mosquito. One

of the remedy for this problem is to make and use natural mosquito coil repellent in

which it has no side effects and it can be an alternative repellent.

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 The lemongrass and garlic are known to be anti-mosquito in which they have the

smell in which mosquito repelled. Researcher (Patel, Gupta & Oswal, 2012) concluded

that lemongrass with the help of garlic can be used as mosquito repellent.

One of the studies also conclude that lemon grass can repel insect away and can

be an effective and alternative way of natural insect repellent which studied by

(Helmenstine 2011; Agron 2012: Baldachinno et al., 2016).

The garlic has been effective to repel mosquitoes as claimed by (Karunamoorthi

& Hailu, 2014; Reinagel et al., 2010), as stated that the smell and extract of the garlic can

repel mosquitoes.

Some insect repellents contain harmful chemicals that are not good to humans and

to the environment stated in the study of (Roy et al., 2017; Reports, 2014).

Both lemongrass and garlic were not just only use as insect repellents but they

were also used in some health medications such as in mental and physical aspects cited

by (Aromaweb, 2019; Russel et al., 2010).

The researchers affirmed the valuable results in the previous studies conducted,

hence, has found more relevance of what this present study that lemongrass and garlic

can help mosquito to repel.

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 METHODS AND MATERIALS

This part of research paper presented and discussed the different materials and

methods which were used in the scientific investigation including research design, subject

of the study, data gathering procedure and statistical analysis.

Research Design

The researcher performed the experiment using the True Experimental Design. A

True Experimental Design was regarded as the most accurate form of experimental

research, in that, it tries to prove or disprove a hypothesis mathematically, with statistical

analysis (Shuttleworth, 2018). Also to be the only experimental design that can establish

cause and effect relationships (Yolanda, 2015). This design was used to conduct accurate

research and reliable research. This design used because the researchers only have one

experimental group and control variable, then, manipulated the variable in random

assignment to change or manipulate the variable that is hypothesized to affect the

outcome variable being studied (Eric, 2018).

Subject of the study

The subjects of this study were sixty mosquitoes exposed to the different set-ups

of mosquito coil repellent made from Lemongrass extract and Garlic extract. Twenty

mosquitos were under observation with two trials per set-up. Mosquitoes are small,

midge-like flies that mosquitoes prefer stagnant water within which to lay their eggs. The

most commonly infest in ponds, marshes, swamps and other wetland habitats (Tam,

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2016). The study also focused on mosquito coil repellent made from both lemongrass and

garlic extracts.

Materials

The researchers used several materials in the making of mosquito coil repellent. 2

scissors, a candle wax, an alcohol, a grinder, 2 plastic containers were used in grinding

the 1 kg. of Lemongrass leaves; Lemongrass juice was extracted with the used of metal

pot (caldero), a plastic container; Garlic was pounded with mortar and pestle and was

placed in plastic container; mosquito coil repellent was made using binder, 500g cassava

starch, a metal pot and a big plastic container. Weighing scale was also used. Small basin

and spoon was used in mixing the ingredients. For molding, a commercial coil container

was used. Microwave oven was used to dry the molded coil. Lastly, 3 set-ups of

researchers –made mosquito net was used to house the subject under study.

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Data Gathering Procedure

Collecting of Materials

Extracting of Lemongrass

Pounding of Garlic

Preparing the Mosquito Coil Repellent

bB

Testing of the Mosquito Coil Repellent

Gathering of Data

Statistical Analysis of Data

Figure 2. The flowchart illustrating the data gathering procedure

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A. Collecting the Materials

Researchers collected all the materials needed to conduct the research which

includes the following: Lemongrass, Garlic and Cassava Starch. Each mixture was

labeled carefully and placed inside the plastic containers in order to avoid mixing with

other materials. Lemongrass needed were gathered from the garden owned by Mrs. Grace

that lives six blocks from a researcher's residence, while garlics were bought from Burgos

Market where the garlic was cheaper. Plastic containers needed for storing lemongrass

extract and garlic extract were provided by Ms. Helen Mae. Cassava starch was also

bought from Burgos Market.

Researchers also gathered all the tools and equipment needed to conduct the

research which includes the following (grinder, scissors, pestles, mortar, metal wire, and

metal pot). The following materials were used in preparing, mixing and molding the

mosquito coil. The materials mentioned above were already available in the researchers’

working place.

B. Extracting the Lemongrass

The researchers extracted the lemongrass to get juice that was used in the

mosquito repellent and mixed with the garlic and cassava starch to get the desired

contents needed in each Set ups. The researchers first did the cutting of lemongrass into

small pieces, and then placed in the grinder. After grinding, the researcher squeezed the

lemongrass in moderate strength to get the lemongrass extract.

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C. Pounding of Garlic

In pounding of Garlic, the researchers used the mortar and pestle in order to

pound the garlic well and get the desired content needed and mixed with the other

materials needed in making the mosquito repellent coil. Every extracted amount of garlic

was placed in a clear plastic container with label of exact measurements. First, the

researchers peeled the garlic and pounded the garlic with moderate force using the mortar

and pestles. The pounded garlic was squeezed to get the juices and put it to a small

measuring cup for measurement of the set-ups.

D. Preparation of Mosquito Repellent

After the extracting and pounding of the lemongrass the researchers measured the

grams and prepared the three set-ups.

First, the researcher searched for lemongrass and cut it into pieces using a scissors

and used the grinder in order to get the lemongrass juice extract. And after that, the juice

of the lemongrass that has been extracted was placed in the clean plastic container.

Second, the garlics were peeled and chopped it into pieces. The researchers used the

pestle to pound the garlic in order to get the desired outcome and get the garlic juice

extract.

Finally the researchers used measuring cups to measure the following

measurements of lemongrass juice extract and garlic juice extract. In Set-up A (3ml

lemongrass, 5ml garlic extract). In Set-up B (5ml lemongrass, 3ml garlic extract) and in

Set-up C (5ml lemongrass, 5ml garlic extract). The researchers measured the exact

amount of the lemongrass juice extract and garlic juice extract needed to produce the

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exact concentrations needed for making the alternative mosquito coil repellent. After

measuring the amounts of the lemongrass juice extract and garlic juice extract it was

placed in different clean plastic containers and mixed it with the exact measurements of

each set-ups.

After gathering and mixing the desired concentrations for each setup, commercial

mosquito coil was used to mold and formed the coil needed for experimentation. The

oven toaster is used in this process to harden the mosquito repellent coil faster. The

mosquito net cage is positioned vertically so it’s easy to know if the mosquito has been

repelled. The mosquito net cage prevented the mosquito to escape and suffocate.

E. Testing of the Mosquito Coil Repellent

The Mosquito coil repellent was tested with its specific set ups. The different

concentrations had undergone two trials with specific time given. In testing the mosquito

coil repellent, the researchers ignited the coil and put inside the net cage. Then the

researchers observed the effects of each set-up to the mosquitoes and then count the

number of mosquitos repelled in each set-up. Then, in trial two, the mosquitoes that were

used were the same mosquitoes in trial one.

F. Gathering Data

Every detail and observation was listed down in the notebook using ballpen and

the gathered data were used for Statistical Analysis.

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Statistical Analysis

The researchers evaluated and analyzed the data that were collected according to

the specific objectives.

For objective 1, the mean and standard deviation was calculated.

For objective 2, One Way Analysis of variance (ANOVA).

All inferential statistics were tested at 0.05 level of significance and were

analyzed using computed generated software.

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 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

This section presented the key results, analysis, and interpretations of the data

gathered in the present study through conducting experiments and gathering of data about

the number of mosquitoes repelled using lemongrass and garlic against mosquitoes.

Mean of Mosquito Repelled According to the Different Concentrations of Garlic

and Lemongrass Extracts to the mosquitoes

The first specific statement of the problem was to determine the mean number of

mosquito repelled in 10 minutes with 2 trials according to the given set-up

Table 1 showed this finding.

Table 1

Mean of Mosquito Repelled According to the Different Set-ups

Set-ups Mean SD
A. 3ml lemongrass extract 5ml garlic extract 15.50 0.71
B. 5ml lemongrass extract 3ml garlic extract 11.50 0.71
C. 5ml lemongrass extract 5ml garlic extract 19.00 0.00

The table showed that the Set-up C has the highest M = 19.00 and SD = 0.00 in

repelling mosquitoes. The set-up B has the lowest M = 11.50 and SD = 0.71 in repelling

mosquitoes. These implied that the mixture of 5ml garlic extract and 5ml lemongrass

extract were the most effective in repelling mosquitoes in 10 minutes of testing. The

mixture of 5ml lemongrass and 3ml garlic extracts was also effective in repelling

mosquito but least in number of mosquito repelled in 10 minutes of testing.

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 There were a total of sixty mosquitoes used in the experiment. Twenty

mosquitoes were used in the first trial and the exposed mosquitoes in the first trial were

used in the second trial. This was supported by the study of Mercola (2017) that

Lemongrass has the ability to repel insects such as mosquitoes and houseflies due to its

high citral and geraniol content. Also supported by the study of Reinagel (2010) that

eating garlic offers mild protection from mosquitoes, both from the odor on your breath

as well as sulfur compounds that you emit through your skin. The smell of garlic is

known to repel mosquitoes.

Difference among the Concentration of Lemongrass and Garlic Extract in Repelling

Mosquito

The second specific objective of this study was to determine significant difference

among the different concentration of lemongrass (Cymbopogon Citratus) and garlic

(Allium Sativum) in repelling mosquito (Culicidae).

Table 2 showed the significant difference among the different concentration using

One-Way ANOVA. Table 3 showed the result of the Post Hoc Tukey’s Test on the

significant result of the ANOVA bared same objective.

Table 2

One-Way ANOVA Results on the Difference among the Set-ups of Lemongrass Extract
and Garlic Extract
Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F P
Between Groups 56.333 2 28.167 84.500 .002
Within Groups 1.000 3 .333
Total 57.333 5

24
 The result of One-Way ANOVA suggested that the difference among the different

concentrations differed significantly, (F(2,3) = 84.50, p = .002). Thus, null hypothesis

was rejected. Therefore, there was a significant difference among the different

concentrations in repelling mosquito.

Since, the statistical result showed a significant difference, the researchers run the

Post Hoc Test to determine which concentrations yield the difference. Table 3 showed the

Post Hoc Tukey’s Result.

Table 3

Post Hoc Tukey’s Results on the Significant Results of the ANOVA Regarding the
Number of Mosquito Repelled of Different Set-Ups
Set-Ups(I) Set-Ups(J) Mean Difference (I-J) Std. Error Sig.
Set-Up B 4.00000* .57735 .013
Set-Up A
Set-Up C -3.50000* .57735 .018
Set-Up A -4.00000* .57735 .013
Set-Up B
Set-Up C -7.50000* .57735 .002
Set-Up A 3.50000* .57735 .018
Set-Up C
Set-Up B 7.50000* .57735 .002

Statistical result showed that there was a significant difference when one set-up

was compared to another set-up.

Table 3 showed that when one set-up was compared to another set-up, difference

existed. It implied that all set-ups were effective in repelling mosquitoes and just varied

as to the extent of the effect. It means that concentrations of lemongrass and garlic were

good mosquito repellent.

25
 CONCLUSIONS

The researchers present the summary of the findings of the study, draw

conclusion based from the findings of the study and give recommendations based from

the conclusions.

The different concentrations of lemongrass and garlic extracts namely, Set-up A,

Set-up B and Set-up C had different levels of efficacy in repelling mosquitoes during first

and second trials after testings.

Set-up C had the highest efficacy in repelling mosquito as compared to Set-up A

and Set-up B. Set-up C had the highest efficacy.

On the other hand, Set-up A had the moderate level of efficacy during the first

and second trial compared to Set-up B.

The efficacy of Set-up B in repelling mosquitoes was low compared to Set-up A

and Set-up C.

Furthermore, the ANOVA confirmed that the different concentrations of

lemongrass and garlic extracts in repelling mosquitoes were highly significant during the

two trials tested.

The result of the Post Hoc Tukey’s Test showed that the efficacy of Set-up C in

repelling mosquitoes was significant as compared with Set-up A. The efficacy of Set-up

C was significant as compared to Set-up B. Moreover, the efficacy of Set-up A in

repelling mosquitoes was significant as compared to Set-up B.

Based on the findings of the study, the researchers concluded the following:

26
 The higher the concentrations of the lemongrass and garlic extracts, the greater

the number of mosquitoes repelled. Correspondingly, the higher the concentrations, the

higher the number of mosquitoes repelled.

The statistical analysis indicated that Set-up A, Set-up B and Set-up C,

significantly affected the number of mosquitoes repelled during the two trials.

Based on the findings and conclusions of the study, the following were the

recommendations of the researchers:

The researchers recommended using the lemongrass and garlic extracts as

alternative mosquito repellent in repelling mosquito inside the house for it is safe and

effective. This will also be beneficial to home owners, store owners, and restaurant

owners and the community for it will help them repel mosquitoes in a mosquito-free

environment and to avoid illnesses.

This will also help them save the environment for this is an eco-friendly and non-

toxic based.

In order for the alternative mosquito coil to be more effective, the researchers

recommended that the amount of lemongrass and garlic extracts should be the same to

ensure the effectiveness of the alternative mosquito coil repellent.

Future researchers can conduct on the efficacy of the lemongrass and garlic

extracts to other insects. In conducting the experiment, it is highly recommended to use

different mosquitoes in every trial.

Lastly, studies on other potential plants with pesticide properties are encouraged.

27
 REFERENCES

Agron, E. (2012, June 8) Lemongrass may help repel mosquito. Retrieved from
http://www.worldngayon.com/

AMCA (2018). Repellents Retrieved from https://www.mosquito.org/page/repellents

Anderson L.(2013).Insect Repellents: Safe and Effective Use Retrieved from

https://www.drugs.com/article/how-to-safely-use-insect-repellents.html

Butler, N. (2017, August 18) Garlic: Proven Benefits. Retrieved from

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com

Cambridge (2019) Cambridge Dictionary. Retrieved from

https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/amp/English/repellent

Formey, JM (2011) Outdoor garden grow your own garden. Retrieved from
https://www.hgtv.com/outdoors/gardens/grow-your-own-lemongrass

Geetha, RV (2014) Essential Oil Repellents-a short review

http://www.ijddr.in/drug-development/essential-oil-repellents-a-short-
review.php?aid=5498

George et., al.(2016, December) Studies On Mosquito Repellent Activity Of

Cympobogon Citratus (Lemon Grass) Using Human Volunteers
http://www.granthaalayah.com©InternationalJournalofResearch-Granthaalayah

Goddard, J. (2002) Health Risk and Benefits of insect Repellents. Retrieved from
https://www.medscape.com

Leech, J. (2018, June 28) 11 Proven Health Benefits of Garlic. Retrieved from
https://www.healthline.com/

Macdonald, M (2018, August 2) All About Garlic. Retrieved from

https://www.westcoastseeds.com

Marshall A. (2017). Where does lemongrass grow naturally? Retrieved from

https://www.qoura.com/ Where-does-lemon-grass-grow-naturally

Marzhie Mobki et. al.,(2013,June 19) Toxicity and repellency of garlic (Allium sativum
L.) https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03235408.2013.802896

Mercola: Take control of your health (2015).This Natural Bug Repellent Works Better
Than DEET. Retrieved from

28
 https://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2015/05/25/natural-insect-
repellents.aspx

MSDOH (2018). Mosquito Repellents: Types and Recommendation Retrieved from

https://msdh.ms.gov/msdhsite/_static/14,957,93.html

Ojewumi ME, Banjo MG, Oresegun MO, Ogunbiyi TA, Ayoola AA, Awolu OO and
Ojewumi EO: Analytical investigation of the extract of lemon grass leaves in
repelling mosquito. Int J Pharm Sci Res 2017; 8(5): 1000
09.doi:10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.8(5).1000-09.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/315575384_Analytical_Investigation_of
_Extract_Of_Lemon_Grass_Leaves_Repelling_Mosquito

Oxford (2019) Oxford Dictionary. Retrieved from

https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/natural

Patel, EK., Gupta, A., Oswal RJ. (2012) Mosquito Repellent Methods. Retrieved from
http://ijpcbs.com/

Roy et., al, (2017). The insect repellents: A silent environmental chemical toxicant to the
health. Retrieved from
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28171823

Shah G. (2011) Scientific basis for the therapeutic use of Cymbopogon citratus
(Lemongrass). Retrieved from
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3217679/

Vanheems B. (2017) Growing Garlic Retrieved from

https://www,groweg.com/guides/growing-garlic-from-planting-to-harvest/

Wong, A (2017) Which Natural Mosquito Repellent Works Best? Retrieved from
https://www.verywellhealth.com/natural-mosquito-repellents-88853

Yolanda W. (2015, July 15) Academy/lesson/true-experiment-definition-examples.html

https:/ cassava starch gel, /www.study.com

29
APPENDICES

30
 APPENDIX A

Request Letter for Identification/Validation of the Lemongrass and Garlic

February 19, 2019

Bureau of Plant Industry

National Plant Quarantine
Services Division

Dear Sir:

Greetings of peace and love!

We, the Grade 12 Senior high school students of Bacolod City National High School
are currently conducting our Capstone Research entitled: GARLIC (Allium Sativum)
AND LEMONGRASS (Cymbopogon Citratus) AS ALTERNATIVE NATURAL
MOSQUITO COIL REPELLENT. With your expertise, we are respectfully
requesting your good office to validate/ identify the CULICIDAE to be used in the
above study. The said subject is to be personally presented at your office with
accompanying photograph.

Your positive response on this request will be highly appreciated. Thank you and God
speed!

Respectfully yours,

ARIEL JAGODILLA JAYCOB NAZARENO

12-STEM Student, Group Leader 12-STEM Student, Member

RAINER MANIGOS JAVE EARL QUIJANO

12-STEM Student, Member 12-STEM Student, Member

Noted:

CARLOS GEROGALIN JR. Ph.D.

Research Adviser
09436831124

31
 APPENDIX B
Request Letter for Identification/Validation of the Mosquito

March 6, 2019

ATTY. JAPHET T. MASCULINO, PAE

Provincial Agriculturist
Office of the Provincial Agriculturist

THRU: ARMANDO P. ABAÑO, PhD.

Senior Agriculturist
OPA, Negros Occidental

S I R:
The undersigned with the group are senior high school students of Bacolod City National
High School and are conducting a research study entitled: “Garlic (Allium Sativum) and
Lemongrass (Cymbopogon Citratus) As Alternative Natural Mosquito Coil
Repellent”.

With your expertise, we are respectfully requesting your good office to validate/identify
the insect/pest to be used in the above-stated study, known as the Mosquito, with
scientific name: Culicidae. Said insect is to be personally presented at your office with
accompanying photograph.

Your positive response on this request will be highly appreciated. Thank you and God
bless!

Respectfully yours,

Rainer J. Manigos Neil John D. Villajos

Grade 12- STEM Student, BCNHS Grade 12- STEM Student, BCNHS

Noted by:

Carlos R. Gerogalin Jr., PhD.

Research Adviser

32
 APPENDIX C

Certification on the Identification/Validation of the Lemongrass and Garlic

33
 Appendix D

Certification on the Identification/Validation of the Mosquito

34
 Appendix E

Request Letter for an Aid Statistician

February 26, 2019

CARLOS R. GEROGALIN JR., PhD.

Master Teacher III ̶ Senior High School Department
Bacolod City National High School

Dear Ma’am/Sir:

Greetings of peace and love!

The undersigned researcher, together with his group, are senior high school students of
Bacolod City National High School and are conducting a research study entitled: “Garlic
(Allium Sativum) and Lemongrass (Cymbopogon Citratus) As Alternative Natural
Mosquito Coil Repellent” for the fulfillment of the study.

With your expertise, we are respectfully requesting your assistance for the identification
and supervision of the different statistical tools of the aforementioned study.

Your positive response on this request will be highly appreciated.

Thank you and God bless!

Respectfully yours,

JAYCOB N. NAZARENO
Grade 12- STEM Student, Bacolod City National High School

Noted by:

CARLOS R. GEROGALIN JR., Ph. D.

Research Adviser

35
 Appendix F

Certification from the Statistician

Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Division of Bacolod City
BACOLOD CITY NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
P. Hernaez St., Brgy. Taculing, Libertad Ext.,
Bacolod City, Negros Occidental 6100

CERTIFICATION

The undersigned certifies that ARIEL JAGODILLA AND GROUP, Grade 12

Senior High School students, had submitted their research work for verifying their

statistical tools.

Their statistical work was verified and analyzed on February 26, 2019.

This certification is issued upon the request of ARIEL JAGODILLA AND

GROUP for whatever purpose may serve them best.

Given this 26st day of February 2019 at Bacolod City National High School,

Bacolod City, Negros Occidental, Philippines.

CARLOS R. GEROGALIN, JR., PhD.

Statistician

36
 Appendix G

Request Letter for an Aid Grammarian

March 26, 2019

ERON A. LIRAZAN
Teacher I ̶ District Proper Custodian
Ilog Elementary School

Dear Ma’am/Sir:

Greetings of peace and love!

The undersigned with the group, are senior high school students of Bacolod City National
High School and are conducting a research study entitled: “Garlic (Allium Sativum) and
Lemongrass (Cymbopogon Citratus) As Alternative Natural Mosquito Coil
Repellent” for the fulfillment of the study.

With your expertise, we are respectfully requesting your assistance for the text review,
proofreading, and validating grammaical content of the aforementioned study.

Your positive response on this request will be highly appreciated.

Thank you and God bless!

Respectfully yours,

Charis Nicole F. Tacardon

Grade 12- STEM Student, Bacolod City National High School

Noted by:

Carlos R. Gerogalin Jr., PhD.

Research Adviser

37
 Appendix H

Certification from the Grammarian

38
 Appendix I

Time Table

Conducting of the experiment December 9, 2018

Gathered the needed materials listed December 15, 2018

Prepared the making of the cage December 20, 2018

Making the mosquito coil (hurmahan) December 22, 2018

Gathering and extracting the lemongrass and garlic

-making the mosquito repellent (Partial, 1st attempt) January 5, 2019

Another extraction of lemongrass and garlic (2nd attempt)

-making the set-ups for experiment (1st attempt) January 12, 2019

Extracting the lemongrass and garlic

-making the mosquito coil January 13, 2019

Making the coil and all the set-ups January 19, 2018

Conducting the partial experiment January 20, 2018

39
 Appendix J

SPSS Results

ANOVA
No. of Mosquitoes Repelled
Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
Between Groups 56.333 2 28.167 84.500 .002
Within Groups 1.000 3 .333
Total 57.333 5

Post Hoc Tests

Multiple Comparisons
Dependent Variable: No. of Mosquitoes Repelled
Tukey HSD
(I) Set_Ups (J) Set_Ups Mean Difference Std. Error Sig.
(I-J)

5ml lemongrass and

4.00000* .57735 .013
3ml lemongrass and 3ml garlic
5ml garlic extract 5ml lemongrass and
-3.50000* .57735 .018
5ml garlic

3ml lemongrass and

-4.00000* .57735 .013
5ml lemongrass and 5ml garlic extract
3ml garlic 5ml lemongrass and
-7.50000* .57735 .002
5ml garlic

3ml lemongrass and

3.50000* .57735 .018
5ml lemongrass and 5ml garlic extract
5ml garlic 5ml lemongrass and
7.50000* .57735 .002
3ml garlic

40
 Multiple Comparisons
Dependent Variable: No. of Mosquitoes Repelled
Tukey HSD
(I) Set_Ups (J) Set_Ups 95% Confidence Interval

Lower Bound Upper Bound

5ml lemongrass and 3ml

1.5874* 6.4126
garlic
3ml lemongrass and 5ml
garlic extract
5ml lemongrass and 5ml
-5.9126* -1.0874
garlic

3ml lemongrass and 5ml

-6.4126* -1.5874
5ml lemongrass and 3ml garlic extract
garlic 5ml lemongrass and 5ml
-9.9126* -5.0874
garlic

3ml lemongrass and 5ml

1.0874* 5.9126
garlic extract
5ml lemongrass and 5ml
garlic
5ml lemongrass and 3ml
5.0874* 9.9126
garlic

*. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level.

41
Homogeneous Subsets

No. of Mosquitoes Repelled

Tukey HSD
N Subset for alpha = 0.05
Set_Ups
1 2 3
5ml lemongrass and 2 11.500
3ml garlic 0
3ml lemongrass and 2 15.500
5ml garlic extract 0
5ml lemongrass and 2 19.000
5ml garlic 0
Sig. 1.000 1.000 1.000

Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed.

a. Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 2.000.

Report
Trials SetupA SetupB SetupC
Mean 16.0000 12.0000 19.0000
1.00 N 1 1 1
Std. Deviation . . .
Mean 15.0000 11.0000 19.0000
2.00 N 1 1 1
Std. Deviation . . .
Mean 15.5000 11.5000 19.0000
Total N 2 2 2
Std. Deviation .70711 .70711 .00000

42
 Appendix K

Pictures

MORTAR AND PESTLE

GRINDER

OVEN METAL PLAIN TRAY

43
MOSQUITO COIL BINDER METAL PLAIN SHEET

44
 JOVIELYN ZAMORA ESPINOSA
#19th Bartholomew Street, Doῆa Juliana, Barangay
Taculing Bacolod City, Negros Occidental, Philippines
Jovielynespinosa223@gmail.com
09150680356

PERSONAL DATA

Age : 18
Date of Birth : December 16, 2000
Religion : Baptist
Height : 4’6
Status : Single
Citizenship : Filipino
Father’s name : Vevincio Espinosa
Occupation : Deceased
Mother’s name : Madelyn Espinosa
Occupation : Housewife

Skills/Talents/Hobbies:

My hobbies are dancing, playing basketball and maintaining cleanliness in my

surroundings. Also, I am fond of doing social media’s trend and I do a lot of things that
I’m capable of.

SCHOLASTIC RECORDS

Colegio De San Agustin Senior High (Grade 11) Science, Technology

Bacolod City National HS
Bata National High School
Senior High (Grade 12)
Junior High
Engineering and Mathematics
April 2018
Science, Technology
Engineering and Mathematics
Graduated April 2019
Graduated April 2017

Old Sagay Elementary School Primary Graduated March 2013

45
ACHIEVEMENTS/ AWARDS/ ACTIVITIES

Senior High:

With Honors Grade 12 (1st Semester) S. Y. 2018-2019

Champion Nutri-Jingle Contest S. Y. 2018-2019

Junior High:

Champion Zumba Dance Competition S. Y. 2015-2016

1st runner up Hiphop Dance Competition S. Y. 2014-2015

46
 ARIEL CABARDO JAGODILLA
East Homes 2, Fortune Towne, Barangay Estefania
Bacolod City, Negros Occidental, Philippines
arieljagodilla@yahoo.com
09388101477

PERSONAL DATA

Age : 19
Date of Birth : February 11, 2000
Religion : Roman Catholic
Height : 5’4
Status : Single
Citizenship : Filipino
Father’s name : Enrique Jagodilla
Occupation : Deceased
Mother’s name : Silda Jagodilla
Occupation : Housewife

Skills/Talents/Hobbies:

My hobbies are playing basketball and mobile games. I am skilled in playing

guitar, chess and solving rubrics cube.

SCHOLASTIC RECORDS

Bacolod City National HS Senior High Science, Technology

Engineering and Mathematics
Graduated April 2019

Emiliano Lizares National HS Junior High Graduated April 2017

Estefania Elementary School Primary Graduated March 2013

ACHIEVEMENTS/ AWARDS/ ACTIVITIES

Senior High:

With Honors Grade 12 (1st & 2nd semester) S. Y. 2018-2019

With Honors Grade 11 (1st & 2nd semester) S. Y. 2017-2018

47
Representative Rubrics Cube Competition S. Y. 2017-2018

Contestant Kakuro (Math Month) S. Y. 2017-2018

Junior High:

With Honors Grade 10 Recognition S. Y. 2016-2017

Contestant Kakuro Competition S. Y. 2016-2017

With Honors Grade 8 Recognition S. Y. 2014-2015

2nd placer MATHenee Idol (MTAP) S.Y. 2014-2015

With Honors Grade 7 Recognition S. Y. 2013-2014

Contestant Spelling Bee Competition S. Y. 2013-2014

Primary:

2nd placer Athlete in Track & Field

(Division Level) S. Y. 2013-2012

Contestant MTAP S. Y. 2012-2011

Contestant Math Quiz Bee S. Y. 2012-2011

48
 RAINER JABAGAT MANIGOS
Purok Herbabuena, Barangay Villamonte
Bacolod City, Negros Occidental, Philippines
rmanigos@gmail.com
09103796312

PERSONAL DATA

Age : 19
Date of Birth : February 26, 2000
Religion : Roman Catholic
Height : 5’5
Status : Single
Citizenship : Filipino
Father’s name : Rodolfo M. Manigos
Occupation : Auto Diesel Mechanic
Mother’s name : Nelda J. Manigos
Occupation : Housewife

Skills/Talents/Hobbies:

My hobbies are playing basketball, competitive computer games, slipper games,

tumba patis, hide and seek. I have skills in some automotive repair, welding, and chess.

SCHOLASTIC RECORDS

Bacolod City National HS Senior High Science, Technology

Engineering and Mathematics
Graduated April 2019

Luis Hervias National High School Junior High Graduated April 2017

Montevista Elementary School Primary Graduated March 2013

ACHIEVEMENTS/ AWARDS/ ACTIVITIES

Senior High:

With Honors Grade 12 (1st & 2nd Semester) S. Y. 2018-2019

49
Primary:

Member Football Team S. Y. 2011-2012

50
 JAYCOB CARAMALES NAZARENO
Regent Pearl Subdivision, Barangay Alijis
Bacolod City, Negros Occidental, Philippines
jaycob_n@yahoo.com
09124459635

PERSONAL DATA

Age : 18
Date of Birth : August 22, 2000
Religion : Roman Catholic
Height : 5’6
Status : Single
Citizenship : Filipino
Father’s name : Lorry Nazareno
Occupation : Laborer
Mother’s name : Remedios Nazareno
Occupation : Housewife

Skills/Talents/Hobbies:

I like playing any kinds of games especially mobile or computer games.

SCHOLASTIC RECORDS

Bacolod City National HS Senior High Science, Technology

Engineering and Mathematics
Graduated April 2019

Sagay National HS – Old Sagay Junior High Graduated April 2017

Extension

Old Sagay Elementary School Primary Graduated March 2013

ACHIEVEMENTS/ AWARDS/ ACTIVITIES

Senior High:

With Honors Grade 12 (1st & 2nd Semester) S. Y. 2018-2019

51
Junior High:

2nd placer Poster Making Contest (Nutrition Month) S. Y. 2016-2017

2nd placer Poster Making (Hand Washing Day) S. Y. 2016-2015

2nd placer Poster Making (Linggo Nang Wika) S. Y. 2014-2015

Contestant Slogan Making Contest (Division Level) S. Y. 2013-2014

Primary:

6th placer Chess (Area Meet) S. Y. 2012-2013

Player Volleyball (Area Meet & Division Level) S. Y. 2011-2012

Contestant MTAP S. Y. 2010-2011

52
 JIMRAE FORROSUELO PARAGSA
Purok Riverside, Barangay Banago, Bacolod City
Negros Occidental, Philippines
Jimraeparagsa123@gmail.com
09969910731

PERSONAL DATA

Age : 17
Date of Birth : April 18, 2001
Religion : Roman Catholic
Height : 5’5
Status : Single
Citizenship : Filipino
Father’s name : Randall T. Paragsa
Occupation : Painter
Mother’s name : Lida F. Paragsa
Occupation : Housewife

Skills/Talents/Hobbies:

I can play guitar both lean and rhythm, drums, keyboard, know some basics in
bass guitar. My hobbies are watching movies, playing instruments and I also love to play
games.

SCHOLASTIC RECORDS

La Consolacion College-
Bacolod
Senior High (Grade 11) Science, Technology
Engineering and
Mathematics
April 2018

Bacolod City National HS Senior High (Grade 12) Science, Technology

Engineering and
Mathematics
Graduated April 2019

Domingo Lacson National HS Junior High Graduated April 2017

Banago Elementary School Primary Graduated March 2013

53
 JAVE EARL IWAYAN QUIJANO
Purok Kametal, Barangay Bata, Bacolod City
Negros Occidental, Philippines
Earl08@gmail.com
09186460389

PERSONAL DATA

Age : 17
Date of Birth : June 8, 2001
Religion : Roman Catholic
Height : 5’6
Status : Single
Citizenship : Filipino
Father’s name : Joan C. Quijano
Occupation : Carpenter
Mother’s name : Cheza I. Quijano
Occupation : Deceased

Skills/Talents/Hobbies:

I am good at playing basketball and also, I love to play volleyball and football. I
know how to play a guitar, a little bit. I do also have skills in playing billiards.

SCHOLASTIC RECORDS

Bacolod City National HS Senior High Science, Technology

Doong National High School
Botigues Elementary School
Engineering and Mathematics
Graduated April 2019
Junior High Graduated April 2017
With Honors
Primary Graduated April 2013

ACHIEVEMENTS/ AWARDS/ ACTIVITIES

Senior High:

With Honors Grade 12 (1st semester) S. Y. 2018-2019

54
Champion Mass Dance S. Y. 2018-2019

2nd placer Foundation Day Dance

Competition S. Y. 2017-2018

3rd placer Nutri-Jingle Competition S. Y. 2017-2018

1st placer Verse Choir Competition S. Y. 2017-2018

Junior High:

With Honors Grade 10 S. Y. 2016-2017

With Honors Grade 9 S. Y. 2015-2016

With Honors Grade 8 S. Y. 2014-2015

With Honors Grade 7 S. Y. 2013-2014

Primary:

With Honors Grade 6 S. Y. 2012-2013

Boy Scout Member Botigues Elementary School S. Y. 2012-2013

55
 CHARIS NICOLE FRANCISCO
TACARDON
Leo Street, Barangay Taculing, Bacolod City
Negros Occidental, Philippines
tacardoncharisnicole@gmail.com
09476474854

PERSONAL DATA

Age : 17
Date of Birth : August 18, 2001
Religion : Baptist
Height : 4’9
Status : Single
Citizenship : Filipino
Father’s name : Jay G. Tacardon
Occupation : Laborer
Mother’s name : Lizbeth F. Tacardon
Occupation : School Clerk

Skills/Talents/Hobbies:

I am fond of eating different kinds of foods especially those that are tasty, sweet
and flavorful. I love to go out somewhere together with my family and friends while
we’re bonding, I do have lessons learned. I seldom play volleyball because it’s my
favorite sport to play not because of its benefit to make the body immune but also a quick
mind to be ready at all times. I love reading books about romantic, comedy and thrilling
stories.

SCHOLASTIC RECORDS

VMA Global College Senior High (Grade 11) Science, Technology

Engineering and Mathematics
April 2018

Bacolod City National HS Senior High (Grade 12) Science, Technology

Engineering and Mathematics
Graduated April 2019

Ilog Catholic High School Junior High Graduated April 2017

56
Ilog Elementary School Primary Graduated March 2013

ACHIEVEMENTS/ AWARDS/ ACTIVITIES

Senior High:

Champion Nutri-Jingle Competition S. Y. 2018-2019

Champion Mass Dance S. Y. 2018-2019

2nd placer Foundation Day Dance

Competition S. Y. 2017-2018

3rd placer Nutri-Jingle Competition S. Y. 2017-2018

1st placer Verse Choir Competition S. Y. 2017-2018

Junior High:

3rd placer Volleyball (Division Level) S. Y. 2014-2015

Primary:

Contestant Mr & Ms. Ilog Elementary School S.Y. 2012-2013

Girl Scout Member Ilog Elementary School S. Y. 2011-2012

4th placer Volleyball player (Area Meet Level) S. Y. 2011-2012

57
 NEIL JOHN DANDO VILLAJOS
Purok Sabes, Barangay Villamonte, Bacolod City
Negros Occidental, Philippines

PERSONAL DATA

Age : 18
Date of Birth : June 22, 2000
Religion : Born Again Christian
Height : 5’7
Status : Single
Citizenship : Filipino
Father’s name : Nelson O. Villajos
Occupation : Handyman
Mother’s name : Janette D. Villajos
Occupation : NUP-PNP

Skills/Talents/Hobbies:

I love playing guitar, piano and a little bit of drums. I am fond of adventuring and
watching everything that pleases my eyes. And also, I love reading the bible.

SCHOLASTIC RECORDS

Bacolod City National HS Senior High Science, Technology

Engineering and Mathematics
Graduated April 2019

Luis Hervias National High School Junior High Graduated April 2017

Montevista Elementary School Primary Graduated March 2013

ACHIEVEMENTS/ AWARDS/ ACTIVITIES

Junior High:

Grand Winner Ambassador of Goodwill S. Y. 2014-2015

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Primary:

2nd place Grade 2 S. Y. 2008-2009

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