File - 20190927 - 153306 - Drugs Reaction 2019

25th
EDITION
Neil H. Shear
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CONTENTS
Introduction v
Drug profiles: generic names A–Z 1
Descriptions of important reactions 293
Main classes of drugs 200
Class reactions 305
ACE inhibitors 305
Antiarrhythmics 307
Antibiotics, macrolide 309
Anticonvulsants 310
Antidepressants, tricyclic 313
Antihistamines (H1) 314
Antimalarials 315
Antipsychotics 317
Antiretrovirals 319
Benzodiazepines 321
Beta blockers 322
Biologics 323
Bisphosphonates 328
Calcium channel blockers 329
Cephalosporins 331
Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDS) 332
DPP-4 inhibitors 337
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors 338
Fluoroquinolones 341
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) 343
Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) 346
Statins 348
TNF inhibitors 349
Tyrosine-kinase inhibitors 352
Genetic tables 356
Concordance of synonyms and trade names with
generic names 367
iii
Editors’ introductory notes
Any drug has the potential to cause an adverse reaction. An adverse drug reaction (ADR) is an unwanted, unpleasant, noxious,
or harmful consequence associated with the use of a medication that has been administered in a standard dose by the proper
route, for the purpose of prophylaxis, diagnosis, or treatment. Death is the ultimate adverse drug event.
ADRs are a major problem in drug therapy. They are the most common of all iatrogenic illnesses that complicate up to 15%
of therapeutic drug courses and are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in healthcare. ADRs should therefore be con-
sidered in the differential diagnosis of a wide variety of medical disorders. Many more people – particularly the elderly – are
taking more and more prescription and over-the-counter medications. In addition, new drugs are appearing in the medical
marketplace on an almost daily basis. It is unsurprising, then, that more and more drug reactions and cutaneous eruptions are
emerging.
Prevention, diagnosis and treatment of adverse drug events are becoming increasingly complex, and it is to be expected that
physicians in all specialties are often perplexed by the nature of ADRs. To this end, I now offer a new and improved edition
that has evolved from the treasured Drug Eruption Reference Manual of previous editions. I hope that you will find this new
edition informative and valuable.
Enjoy!
Jerome Z. Litt M..D, Editor emeritus
What is new in 2019?

Patients frequently ask about their prescribed drug: "Is it safe?" This text is meant to help all prescribers, dispensers and
patients understand what the risk of harm might be; whether it is from a drug reaction or interaction, Litt's D.E.R.M. is the go-
to information source. How does this information help answer the unanswerable? Simply put, safety is a process, not a ques-
tion. With the right information at hand a safe environment can thrive; the most up-to-date relevant data help peel away back-
ground noise from a seemingly infinite number of sources. This new edition adds additional support to a risk management
environment, and we will continue to provide the most up-to-date and relevant information. I look forward to feedback and
suggestions.
For this edition we are starting to add known genetic risks that are associated with drug reactions and can be screened prior
to drug thearpy. This will expand annually as appropriateness of testing becomes part of practice.
Litt D.E.R.M. is more than a text. It is part of a community of resources to make prescribing safe and to help optimize therapy.
To that end remember that the on-line data is almost double what you see in the text. And it too is kept up-to-date!
For me in my practice I am in love with the recently introduced Litt app – an easy portal to the online database, particularly if
you are moving between various work spaces. Recently a patient on three critical drugs developed a rash on day 8 of treat-
ment. The Litt app gave me easy access to the likelihood of an exathematous rash for each, and I could provide a clear and
thoughtful direction for the immediate future.
Finally, I want to note what I call the “Drug Reaction of the Year 2019”! There are indeed new drug reactions, and for me the
BIG one is “-gliptin”-induced. When you recognize this and stop the “-gliptins” (dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 inhibitors), in a diabetic
patient you will see the reaction clear over the following month. The big “aha” moment for me is when I see a patient with
bullous pemphigoid and start to worry about the impact of corticosteroids on their glucose. Even patients who have been on
the “-gliptins” for two years will clear.
I thank Jerry Litt for this great opportunity and the awesome work of the team at CRC Press to keep on top of all new medica-
tions that are making the landscape even more complex.
And USE THE APP!!
Neil H. Shear, M.D., F.R.C.P.C., F.A.C.P.
v
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual – at a glance
This 25th edition has been revised and updated throughout to present a quick clinical reference guide to adverse drug
reactions (ADRs), side effects, drug interactions and other safety information for prescription and over-the-counter medica-
tions. There is also material on reactions caused by classes of drugs, enabling you to see at a glance whether a reaction is
common to all the drugs in that particular class, or to a majority of them, or only to a significant few.
The aims of this edition remain:
1. To help medical practitioners make informed and safe decisions when diagnosing and prescribing, and also when
generally seeking information.
2. To help healthcare professionals remain pharmacovigilant.
3. To provide all physicians, lecturers, educators and pharmacists with an easy-to-use and reliable quick reference tool.
The full and comprehensive picture for all drugs – from which our information derives – can be found at our website database
(www.drugeruptiondata.com), which is updated continually. (This may now also be accessed via an app.) Space in the manual
is, unfortunately, constrained, so full profiles for various generic drugs have been eliminated from this print manual because
either they have been withdrawn from the marketplace or they are rarely, if ever, prescribed today; new to this edition are
links to their basic profiles in the website database. Important new drugs added to this edition of the manual are noted with an
asterisk.
A note on ADRs
The incidence and severity of ADRs are influenced by a number of factors:
1. Patient-related factors:
• Age – geriatric, pediatric, adolescent . . . older patients are taking more medications—hence more of a possibility of
developing reactions; pediatric patients have more delicate skins; hormonal changes occur in adolescents . . . All these
factors play roles in the development of possible adverse reactions.
• Gender – male or female – and if the latter, then pregnant/breast-feeding/menopausal . . .
• Disease – not only the disease being treated, but also other pre-existing health conditions and comorbid diseases. For
example, atopic patients are at increased risk for serious allergic reactions. Also, there would be an increased risk for
hypersensitivity drug reactions if the patient has asthma or lupus erythematosus.
• Genetics – a patient could have abnormal drug metabolism by cytochrome P450 due to inheriting abnormal alleles.
• Geography – patients living in sunny climes could develop photoxicities from photosensitizing drugs more readily than
those who inhabit cooler, less sunny climates.
2. Drug-related factors:
• Type/class of drug – for example, there is a heightened risk of hypersensitivity with the use of beta-blockers (see further the
tables on class reactions).
• Duration of therapy – the longer a patient maintains the therapy, the greater the possibility that he/she could develop a
reaction.
• Dosage – the greater the dosage, the more likely an adverse side effect.
• Bioavailability – the extent to and rate at which the drug enters systemic circulation, thereby accessing the site of action.
• Interactions with other drugs – for example, synergistic QT prolongation can occur when two QT prolonging agents, such
as erythromycin + ritonavir, are used together.
• Route of administration – intramuscular, intravenous, subcutaneous, and topical administrations are more likely to cause
hypersensitivity reactions; oral medications are less likely to result in drug hypersensitivity.
The terms “drug allergy,” “drug hypersensitivity,” and “drug reaction” are often used interchangeably. Drug allergy specific-
ally refers to a reaction mediated by IgE; drug hypersensitivity is an immune-mediated response to a drug agent in a sensitized
patient; and drug reactions comprise all adverse events related to drug administration, regardless of etiology.
vi
Vigilance at point of care:
While the possibilities for adverse drug reactions seem endless, we must be on the lookout for any new medication(s) the
patient might be taking. A thorough, detailed history of all medications must be made in order to elicit any remote possibility
that the drug in question might be the culprit for the side effect. People do not often realize that the common over-the-
counter analgesics – aspirin, Tylenol, Advil, Motrin, Naprosyn, and others – are actually medications. Herbals and supple-
ments such as St. John’s wort, ginkgo biloba, and echinacea can be responsible for various hypersensitivity reactions. For
example, St. John’s wort, in particular, interacts adversely with SSRIs and tricyclic antidepressants.
Contents of the book, and how to use them

1. The A–Z
The major portion of the manual lists in alphabetical order the 1000 most consulted and most important generic
drugs, biologics, and supplements, and the adverse reactions that can arise from their use. An asterisk against the entry
title indicates this drug is new to this edition. If you do not find a drug in the main A–Z listing under the name you know
it by, you can turn to the concordance of synonyms and trade names to find the generic name it will be listed under.
Trade (Brand) name(s) are then listed alphabetically. When there are many trade names, the ten (or so) most
commonly recognized ones are listed.
Following the trade names is – in parentheses – the latest name of the pharmaceutical company that markets the drug.
Many of the names of the companies have changed from earlier editions of this manual because of acquisitions,
mergers, and other factors in the pharmaceutical industry.
Next appear the Indication(s), the Class in which the drug belongs, and the Half-life of each drug, where known.
Drug interactions: many severe, hazardous drug–drug interactions are recorded. Only clinically significant drug inter-
actions that have been reported to trigger potential harm and that could be life threatening have been included here in
the profile. These interactions are predictable and well documented in controlled studies; they should be avoided.
Pregnancy category: for new drugs approved on or after 30 June 2015 this field gives (where available) a brief
summary of the full statement reflecting the risk for pregnant women as given in the prescribing guidelines; health care
providers are advised to check the individual label where necessary.
An explanation of the categories for older drugs (A, B, C, D and X) can be found on our website
www.drugeruptiondata.com.
Adverse Drug Reactions: under each drug profile is a list of related ADRs. These adverse events have been classified
under the following categories: Skin, Hair, Nails, Mucosal, Cardiovascular, Central Nervous System,
Neuromuscular/Skeletal, Gastrointestinal/Hepatic, Respiratory, Endocrine/Metabolic, Genitourinary,
Renal, Hematologic, Otic, Ocular, Local, Other.
Within each category, the reactions are listed alphabetically. Thus, the order of listing does not reflect severity or
frequency in any way.
The terminology used to list reaction patterns has been simplified as far as possible by eliminating, for the most part,
tags such as “like” (as in “-Psoriasis-like”), “-reactivation,” “-syndrome,” “-dissemination,” “-iform,” etc.
The number of reports is given for each reaction in square brackets. The incidence of the most important reactions is
given in parentheses where indicated (usually from the full prescribing information for the relevant drug). For
example, the profile for Amoxicillin begins:
Skin
AGEP [28]
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [16]
Angioedema (<10%) [5]
This means that we have 28 journal articles referring to occurrence of AGEP (acute generalized exanthematous
pustulosis ); 16 articles mentioning the occurrence of anaphylaxis; and 5 articles discussing angioedema, as reactions to
Amoxicillin within the Skin category. All these articles appear on the website www.drugeruptiondata.com together
with links to the article abstracts on PubMed®. Additionally, the incidence of angioedema as a reaction has been
reported as up to 10%.
vii
On some occasions, there are very few adverse reactions to a specific drug. These drugs are still included in the
manual as there is a positive significance in negative findings.
2. Important eruptions / reactions

i) This section of the manual includes a listing of descriptions of important eruption and reaction patterns. Over 40
eruptions/reactions are described here in alphabetical order, from Acanthosis nigricans to Xerostomia.
(Descriptions of several other reactions, and lists of drugs associated with these reactions, can be found on our
website – www.drugeruptiondata.com.)
ii) We then have a list of the main classes of drugs, from 5-HT1 agonists to Xanthine alkaloids, as a quick reference guide.
iii) We then have an enlarged section of tables of class reactions, enabling you to see at a glance whether a reaction is
common to all the drugs in that particular class, or to a majority of them, or only to a significant few.
iv) New to this edition are tables of reported genetic associations with cutaneous adverse drug reactions and recommen-
dations from various sources regarding genetic screening to prevent cutaneous adverse drug reactions.
3. The Concordance
The final part of the manual is a concordance to match synonyms (noted in italic) and trade names with the generic
drug name. If you know only the synonym or trade name, you can use this list to find the corresponding generic name
to look up in the main A–Z listing section of the book.
viii
Hyperamylasemia (2–4%) Pregnancy category: C
ABACAVIR Hypertriglyceridemia (2–6%) Important contra-indications noted in the
Renal prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Trade names: Epzicom (ViiV), Triumeq (ViiV), pediatric patients
Trizivir (ViiV), Ziagen (ViiV) Fanconi syndrome [2]
Indications: HIV infections in combination with Hematologic
other antiretrovirals Agranulocytosis [3] Skin
Class: Nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase Neutropenia (2–5%) Basal cell carcinoma [3]
inhibitor Eczema [2]
Other Herpes simplex (<5%) [3]
Half-life: 1.5 hours Adverse effects [4]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Herpes zoster [3]
Infection (5%) Hypersensitivity [2]
interactions with: alcohol, arbutamine,
argatroban, arsenic, darunavir, ganciclovir, Malignancies [10]
lopinavir, methadone, phenobarbital, phenytoin, Psoriasis [13]
protease inhibitors, ribavirin, rifampin, tipranavir, ABALOPARATIDE Rash (4%) [6]
valganciclovir Sjögren’s syndrome [4]
Pregnancy category: C Trade name: Tymlos (Radius Health) Squamous cell carcinoma [5]
Important contra-indications noted in the Indications: Osteoporosis in postmenopausal Vasculitis [2]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers women Mucosal
Note: Check for presence of HLA B*57:01 Class: Parathyroid hormone analog Stomatitis [3]
Epzicom is abacavir and lamivudine; Triumeq is Half-life: <2 hours
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Cardiovascular
abacavir, dolutegravir and lamivudine; Trizivir is Hypertension (7%) [4]
abacavir, lamivudine and zidovudine. interactions with: none known
Pregnancy category: N/A (Not indicated for Hypotension [2]
Warning: HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS,
LACTIC ACIDOSIS and SEVERE use in females of reproductive potential) Central Nervous System
HEPATOMEGALY, and EXACERBATIONS OF Important contra-indications noted in the Fever (5%) [2]
HEPATITIS B prescribing guidelines for: pediatric patients Headache (5–18%) [6]
Warning: RISK OF OSTEOSARCOMA Vertigo (dizziness) (9%) [3]
Skin Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis (3%) Cardiovascular Asthenia (fatigue) [2]
[3] Orthostatic hypotension (<4%) Back pain (7%) [2]
Exanthems [2] Palpitation (5%) Pain in extremities (3%)
Hypersensitivity (8–9%) [69] Tachycardia (2%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Lipoatrophy [2] Central Nervous System Abdominal pain (5%)
Rash (5–7%) [18] Headache (8%) Diarrhea (5%) [3]
Stevens-Johnson syndrome [2] Vertigo (dizziness) (2–10%) Dyspepsia (6%)
Toxic epidermal necrolysis [2] Neuromuscular/Skeletal Gastroenteritis [5]
Cardiovascular Asthenia (fatigue) (3%) Nausea (5%) [2]
Myocardial infarction [10] Vomiting [2]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Central Nervous System Abdominal pain (3%) Respiratory
Abnormal dreams (10%) [2] Nausea (8%) Bronchitis (<13%) [4]
Anxiety (5%) Cough (5–8%)
Endocrine/Metabolic Influenza (5–13%) [2]
Chills (6%) Hypercalcemia (3%) [3]
Depression (6%) Nasopharyngitis (12%) [6]
Hyperuricemia (25%) Pharyngitis [3]
Fever (6%) [2]
Headache (7–13%) [4] Genitourinary Pneumonia (<5%) [7]
Insomnia [2] Hypercalciuria (11%) Pulmonary toxicity [2]
Migraine (7%) Urolithiasis (2%) Rhinitis (<5%) [2]
Neuropsychiatric disturbances [3] Local Sinusitis (5–13%) [3]
Sleep related disorder (10%) Injection-site edema (10%) Tuberculosis [2]
Vertigo (dizziness) (6%) [3] Injection-site erythema (58%) Upper respiratory tract infection (>10%)
Injection-site pain (9%) [9]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Asthenia (fatigue) (7–12%) [2] Genitourinary
Bone or joint pain (5–6%) Urinary tract infection (5–13%) [10]
Myalgia/Myopathy (5–6%) [2] ABATACEPT Local
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Infusion-related reactions [4]
Abdominal pain (6%) Trade name: Orencia (Bristol-Myers Squibb) Infusion-site reactions (9%) [5]
Diarrhea (7%) [3] Indications: Rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile Injection-site erythema [3]
Gastritis (6%) idiopathic arthritis in pediatric patients 6 years of Injection-site hematoma [2]
Hepatotoxicity [4] age and older Injection-site pain [3]
Nausea (7–19%) [5] Class: Disease-modifying antirheumatic drug Injection-site pruritus [2]
Vomiting (2–10%) (DMARD), T-cell co-stimulation modulator Injection-site reactions (3%) [8]
Half-life: 12–23 days Other
Respiratory Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Bronchitis (4%) Adverse effects [24]
interactions with: adalimumab, anakinra, Death [2]
Cough [2] certolizumab, denosumab, echinacea, etanercept,
Pneumonia (4%) Infection (36–54%) [25]
golimumab, infliximab, lenalidomide, live vaccines,
Endocrine/Metabolic natalizumab, pimecrolimus, sipuleucel-T,
ALT increased (6%) tacrolimus, TNF antagonists, trastuzumab
AST increased (6%)
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual B 2019 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 1
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Thrombocytopenia [3]
ABEMACICLIB ABIRATERONE Other
Trade name: Verzenio (Lilly) Trade name: Zytiga (Janssen Biotech) Adverse effects [7]
Indications: Hormone receptor-positive, human Indications: Metastatic castration-resistant
epidermal growth factor 2-negative advanced or prostate cancer (in combination with prednisone)
metastatic breast cancer, either as monotherapy Class: CYP17 inhibitor, Enzyme inhibitor ACALABRUTINIB *
or in combination with fulvestrant, or as inital Half-life: 12 hours
endocrine-based therapy with an aromatase Clinically important, potentially hazardous Trade name: Calquence (AstraZeneca)
inhibitor interactions with: atazanavir, carbamazepine, Indications: Treatment of adult patients with
Class: CDK4/6 inhibitor clarithromycin, CYP3A4 inducers or inhibitors, mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) who have received
Half-life: 18 hours indinavir, itraconazole, ketoconazole, nefazodone, at least one prior therapy
Clinically important, potentially hazardous nelfinavir, phenobarbital, phenytoin, rifabutin, Class: Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor
interactions with: grapefruit juice, rifampin, rifapentine, ritonavir, saquinavir, Half-life: <3 hours
ketoconazole, strong CYP3A4 inducers or telithromycin, thioridazine, voriconazole Clinically important, potentially hazardous
inhibitors Pregnancy category: X interactions with: antacids, famotidine, H2-
Pregnancy category: N/A (Can cause fetal Important contra-indications noted in the receptor antagonists, itraconazole, proton pump
harm) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; inhibitors, ranitidine, rifampin, strong CYP3A
Important contra-indications noted in the pediatric patients inducers, strong or moderate CYP3A inhibitors
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Note: Contra-indicated in women who are or Pregnancy category: N/A (May cause fetal
pediatric patients may become pregnant. toxicity based on findings in animal studies)
Important contra-indications noted in the
Hair Skin prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Alopecia (12%) Edema (27%) [21] pediatric patients
Mucosal Hot flashes (19%) [3]

Stomatitis (14%) Cardiovascular Skin
Xerostomia (17%) Arrhythmias (7%) Ecchymoses (21%)
Atrial fibrillation [3] Hematoma (8%)
Central Nervous System Malignancies (11%)
Anorexia [3] Cardiac failure (2%)
Cardiotoxicity [6] Petechiae (21%)
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (12%) Rash (18%)
Fever (11%) Chest pain (4%)
Headache (20%) Hypertension (9%) [25] Mucosal
Vertigo (dizziness) (11%) Tachycardia [3] Epistaxis (nosebleed) (6%)
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Central Nervous System Cardiovascular
Arthralgia (15%) Headache [2] Atrial fibrillation (3%)
Asthenia (fatigue) (65%) [9] Neuromuscular/Skeletal Atrial flutter (3%)
Arthralgia [6] Hypertension [2]
Abdominal pain (39%) [2] Asthenia (fatigue) [13] Central Nervous System
Constipation (17%) Back pain [5] Fever [2]
Diarrhea (90%) [10] Bone or joint pain (30%) [9] Headache (39%) [6]
Nausea (64%) [9] Myalgia/Myopathy (26%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Vomiting (35%) [4] Pain in extremities [3] Arthralgia [2]
Rhabdomyolysis [2] Asthenia (fatigue) (28%) [2]
Respiratory
Cough (19%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Myalgia/Myopathy (21%) [2]
Constipation [8] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Endocrine/Metabolic Diarrhea (18%) [6]
ALT increased (31%) Abdominal pain (15%)
Dyspepsia (6%) Constipation (15%)
Appetite decreased (45%) [3] Hepatotoxicity (2%) [13]
AST increased (30%) Diarrhea (31%) [5]
Nausea [9] Nausea (19%)
Dehydration (10%) Vomiting [2]
Serum creatinine increased (13%) [3] Vomiting (13%)
Weight loss (14%) [2] Respiratory Respiratory
Cough (11%) Pneumonia [2]
Hematologic Dyspnea [3]
Anemia (25%) [3] Upper respiratory tract infection (5%) [2] Endocrine/Metabolic
Leukopenia (17%) [5] Weight gain [4]
Neutropenia (37%) [8] Endocrine/Metabolic
ALT increased (11%) [5] Hematologic
Thrombocytopenia (20%) [3] Anemia (46%)
AST increased (31%) [3]
Other Hypercholesterolemia [2] Hemorrhage (8%)
Infection (31%) Hypertriglyceridemia (63%) Neutropenia (36%)
Hypokalemia [23] Thrombocytopenia (44%)
Genitourinary
Nocturia (6%)
Urinary frequency (7%)
Urinary tract infection (12%) [3]
Hematologic
Anemia [6]
Febrile neutropenia [2]
Neutropenia [2]
2 Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual B 2019 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual ACETYLCYSTEINE
Skin
ACARBOSE AGEP [10] ACETAZOLAMIDE
Trade names: Glucobay (Bayer), Precose Angioedema [8] Trade name: Diamox (Duramed)
(Bayer) Dermatitis [3] Indications: Epilepsy, glaucoma
Indications: Non-insulin dependent diabetes Erythema [3] Class: Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, Diuretic
Type II Erythema multiforme [3] Half-life: 2–6 hours
Class: Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, Antidiabetic Exanthems [7] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Half-life: 2 hours Exfoliative dermatitis [2] interactions with: arsenic, aspirin, ephedra,
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Fixed eruption [41] indacaterol, lisdexamfetamine, lithium,
interactions with: alcohol, anabolic steroids, Hyperhidrosis [2] metformin, mivacurium, triamcinolone
beta blockers, cholestyramine, corticosteroids, Hypersensitivity [12] Pregnancy category: C
diazoxide, digoxin, diuretics, estrogens, Neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis [2] Important contra-indications noted in the
hypoglycemic agents, MAO inhibitors, neomycin, Pemphigus [2] prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
orlistat, pancreatin, pegvisomant, pramlintide, Pruritus [5] mothers; pediatric patients
progestogens, somatropin, testosterone Purpura [6] Note: Acetazolamide is a sulfonamide and can be
Pregnancy category: B Rash [IV] [2] absorbed systemically. Sulfonamides can produce
Important contra-indications noted in the Stevens-Johnson syndrome [11] severe, possibly fatal, reactions such as toxic
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Toxic epidermal necrolysis [14] epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson
pediatric patients Urticaria [17] syndrome.
Note: Contra-indicated in patients with diabetic Vasculitis [4]
ketoacidosis or cirrhosis; also in patients with Skin
inflammatory bowel disease, colonic ulceration, Mucosal
Xerostomia [3] AGEP [2]
partial intestinal obstruction or in patients Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [3]
predisposed to intestinal obstruction. Cardiovascular Exanthems [2]
Hypertension [IV] [3] Pemphigus [2]
Skin Hypotension [2] Stevens-Johnson syndrome [7]
AGEP [2] Central Nervous System Toxic epidermal necrolysis [2]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Agitation [IV] (>5%) Central Nervous System
Abdominal distension [2] Fever [IV] (5%) Depression [2]
Abdominal pain (19%) Headache [IV] (10%) [5] Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (>10%) [8]
Diarrhea (31%) Insomnia [IV] (7%) Paresthesias [6]
Flatulence (74%) [3] Somnolence (drowsiness) [8]
Vertigo (dizziness) [15] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Hepatitis [2] Asthenia (fatigue) [4]
Hepatotoxicity [3] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Pneumatosis intestinalis [8] Rhabdomyolysis [4] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Diarrhea [2]
Other Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Dyspepsia [2]
Adverse effects [5] Abdominal distension [2] Nausea [2]
Abdominal pain [IV] [3] Vomiting [2]
Constipation [IV] (>5%) [7]
Endocrine/Metabolic
ACETAMINOPHEN Diarrhea [IV] [2]
Hepatotoxicity [70] Acidosis [3]
Nausea [IV] (34%) [18] Libido decreased [2]
Synonyms: APAP; paracetamol Weight loss [2]
Trade names: Anacin-3 (Wyeth), Darvocet-N Pancreatitis [6]
(aaiPharma), Excedrin (Bristol-Myers Squibb), Vomiting (15%) [16] Renal
Lorcet (Forest), Panadol (GSK), Percocet (Endo), Respiratory Nephrolithiasis [3]
Tylenol (Ortho-McNeil), Vicodin (AbbVie) Asthma [3] Ocular
Indications: Pain, fever Pulmonary toxicity [IV] (>5%) Choroidal detachment [2]
Class: Analgesic, non-narcotic Endocrine/Metabolic Corneal edema [2]
Half-life: <3 hours Acidosis [3] Glaucoma [5]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Myopia [2]
interactions with: alcohol, anticonvulsants, Renal
barbiturates, busulfan, carbamazepine, Nephrotoxicity [9]
cholestyramine, conivaptan, coumarins, Renal failure [3]
didanosine, dong quai, exenatide, imatinib, Hematologic
ACETYLCYSTEINE
isoniazid, liraglutide, melatonin, metoclopramide, Thrombocytopenia [2] Synonyms: N-acetylcysteine; L-Cysteine; NAC
metyrapone, PEG-interferon, pramlintide,
Other Indications: Emphysema, bronchitis,
probenecid, St John’s wort tuberculosis, bronchiectasis, tracheostomy care,
Adverse effects [16]
Pregnancy category: C antidote for acetaminophen toxicity
Death [6]
Important contra-indications noted in the Class: Antidote, Antioxidant
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers Half-life: N/A
Note: Acetaminophen is the active metabolite of Clinically important, potentially hazardous
phenacetin. [IV] = intravenous. As a general point interactions with: carbamazepine, nitroglycerin
most reactions listed are those that have Pregnancy category: B
developed following the normal prescribing doses Note: As an antidote, it is difficult to differentiate
for acetaminophen and the overdosing, poisoning, side effects due to the drug from those due to the
and other toxicities that have been reported have effects of the poison.
been excluded.
ACETYLCYSTEINE Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Skin Seborrhea (<10%) Hyperbilirubinemia [2]

Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis (8– Stickiness (3–50%) [7] Hypercholesterolemia (25–50%) [3]
18%) [14] Sunburn (<10%) Hyperlipidemia [5]
Angioedema [6] Toxicity [3] Hypertriglyceridemia (50–75%) [4]
Flushing (<8%) [2] Ulcerations (<10%) Genitourinary
Pruritus (<4%) [3] Xerosis (25–50%) [14] Vulvovaginal candidiasis [2]
Rash (2–4%) [4] Hair
Urticaria (6–8%) Otic
Alopecia (10–75%) [21] Ear pain (<10%)
Cardiovascular Curly hair [3] Tinnitus (<10%)
Tachycardia (<4%) Hair changes (<10%)
Hair pigmentation [2] Ocular
Central Nervous System Blepharitis (<10%)
Seizures [2] Nails Cataract (<10%)
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Brittle nails [3] Conjunctivitis (<10%) [2]
Diarrhea [2] Nail changes (25–50%) Diplopia (<10%)
Nausea (<6%) [3] Paronychia (10–25%) [6] Night blindness (<10%) [2]
Vomiting (2–10%) [2] Pyogenic granuloma (<10%) [4] Ocular adverse effects [2]
Other Mucosal Ocular itching [2]
Adverse effects [2] Cheilitis (>75%) [14] Ocular pain (<10%)
Death [2] Dry mucous membranes [4] Photophobia (<10%) [2]
Epistaxis (nosebleed) (10–25%) [2] Vision blurred (<10%)
Gingival bleeding (<10%) Xerophthalmia (10–25%) [3]
Gingivitis (<10%) Other
ACITRETIN Mucocutaneous reactions [3] Adverse effects [9]
Sialorrhea (<10%) Dipsia (thirst) (<10%)
Trade names: Neotigason (Actavis), Soriatane Stomatitis (<10%) [2]
(Stiefel) Infection [2]
Tongue disorder (<10%) Side effects [4]
Indications: Psoriasis Ulcerative stomatitis (<10%)
Class: Retinoid Teratogenicity [7]
Xerostomia (10–60%) [7]
Half-life: 49 hours
interactions with: alcohol, bexarotene, Capillary leak syndrome [2] ACYCLOVIR
chloroquine, cholestyramine, corticosteroids, Central Nervous System
coumarins, danazol, demeclocycline, doxycycline, Anorexia (<10%) Synonyms: aciclovir; ACV; acycloguanosine
ethanolamine, isotretinoin, lithium, lymecycline, Depression (<10%) [4] Trade names: Sitavig (Cipher), Zovirax (GSK)
medroxyprogesterone, methotrexate, Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (<10%) Indications: Herpes simplex, herpes zoster
minocycline, oxytetracycline, phenytoin, Headache (<10%) [2] Class: Antiviral, Antiviral, topical, Guanine
progestins, St John’s wort, tetracycline, Hyperesthesia (10–25%) nucleoside analog
tigecycline, vitamin A Insomnia (<10%) Half-life: 3 hours (adults)
Pregnancy category: X Neurotoxicity [3] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Important contra-indications noted in the Pain (<10%) interactions with: cobicistat/elvitegravir/
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Paralysis (facial) (<10%) emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide, cobicistat/
pediatric patients Paresthesias (10–25%) [2] elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil,
Note: Oral retinoids can cause birth defects, and Pseudotumor cerebri [5] meperidine, tenofovir disoproxil
women should avoid acitretin when pregnant or Rigors (10–25%) [2] Pregnancy category: B
trying to conceive. Somnolence (drowsiness) (<10%) Important contra-indications noted in the
Warning: PREGNANCY Stroke [2] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers
Suicidal ideation [2]
Skin Neuromuscular/Skeletal Skin
Angioedema [2] Arthralgia (10–25%) [2] Acneform eruption (<3%)
Atrophy (10–25%) Asthenia (fatigue) (<10%) [3] Dermatitis [12]
Bromhidrosis (<10%) Back pain (<10%) Exanthems (<5%) [5]
Bullous dermatitis (<10%) Bone or joint pain [2] Facial edema (3–5%)
Clammy skin (<10%) Hyperostosis [10] Peripheral edema [2]
Dermatitis (<10%) Myalgia/Myopathy [4] Pruritus (<10%)
Diaphoresis (<10%) [2] Osteoporosis [2] Radiation recall dermatitis [2]
Edema (<10%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Rash (<3%) [3]
Erythema (18%) Abdominal pain (<10%) Urticaria (<5%) [4]
Erythroderma [3] Diarrhea (<10%) [2] Hair
Exanthems (10–25%) [2] Hepatitis [5] Alopecia (<3%)
Exfoliative dermatitis (25–50%) [3] Hepatotoxicity [8]
Fissures (<10%) Central Nervous System
Nausea (<10%) [2] Headache (2%) [4]
Hot flashes (<10%) Pancreatitis [3]
Hyperhidrosis (<10%) [2] Neurotoxicity [8]
Vomiting [2]
Palmar–plantar desquamation (20–80%) [7] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Photosensitivity [3] Respiratory Asthenia (fatigue) (12%)
Pigmentation [3] Laryngitis [2]
Rhinitis (25–50%) [2] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Pruritus (10–50%) [10] Diarrhea (2–3%)
Psoriasis (aggravated) (<10%) Sinusitis (<10%)
Nausea (2–5%) [3]
Purpura (<10%) Endocrine/Metabolic Vomiting (3%)
Rash (>10%) GGT increased [2]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual ADAPALENE
Renal Pruritus [6] Endocrine/Metabolic

Nephrotoxicity [13] Psoriasis [40] Creatine phosphokinase increased (<5%)
Renal failure [4] Rash (12%) [6] Hypercholesterolemia (6%)
Hematologic Sarcoidosis [9] Genitourinary
Thrombocytopenia [2] Squamous cell carcinoma [5] Cystitis (<5%)
Stevens-Johnson syndrome [2] Hematuria (5%)
Ocular Urticaria [4]
Hallucinations, visual [2] Pelvic pain (<5%)
Vasculitis [9] Urinary tract infection (8%) [2]
Periorbital edema (3–5%) Vitiligo [2]
Local Renal
Hair Nephrotoxicity [3]
Injection-site inflammation (>10%) Alopecia [5]
Injection-site thrombophlebitis (9%) Alopecia areata [7] Hematologic
Other Alopecia universalis [2] Agranulocytosis (<5%)
Adverse effects [2] Eosinophilia [3]
Cardiovascular Hemolytic anemia [2]
Arrhythmias (<5%) Leukopenia (<5%)
Cardiac arrest (<5%) Pancytopenia [2]
ADALIMUMAB Chest pain (<5%) Sepsis [2]
Congestive heart failure (<5%) [2]
Trade names: Amjevita (Amgen), Humira Hypertension (<5%) Ocular
(AbbVie) Myocardial infarction (<5%) Cataract (<5%)
Indications: Rheumatoid arthritis, polyarticular Palpitation [2] Optic neuritis [5]
juvenile idiopathic arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, Pericarditis (<5%) Uveitis [4]
ankylosing spondylitis, Crohn’s disease, ulcerative Tachycardia (<5%) Local
colitis, psoriasis Thromboembolism [2] Infusion-related reactions [2]
Class: Cytokine inhibitor, Disease-modifying Central Nervous System Injection-site edema (15%) [2]
antirheumatic drug (DMARD), Monoclonal Aseptic meningitis [2] Injection-site erythema (15%) [3]
antibody, TNF inhibitor Confusion (<5%) Injection-site pain (12%)
Half-life: 10–20 days Depression [2] Injection-site reactions [30]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Encephalitis [2] Other
interactions with: abatacept, anakinra, live Fever (<5%) [3] Adverse effects [46]
vaccines Guillain–Barré syndrome [5] Allergic reactions [2]
Pregnancy category: B Headache (12%) [8] Death [9]
Important contra-indications noted in the Leukoencephalopathy [3] Infection (5%) [75]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers Multiple sclerosis (<5%) [3] Side effects [2]
Note: TNF inhibitors should be used in patients Neurotoxicity [3]
with heart failure only after consideration of other Paresthesias (<5%) [2]
treatment options. TNF inhibitors are contra- Syncope (<5%)
indicated in patients with a personal or family Tremor (<5%)
ADAPALENE
history of multiple sclerosis or demyelinating Vertigo (dizziness) [2]
disease. TNF inhibitors should not be Trade names: Differin (Galderma), Epiduo
administered to patients with moderate to severe Neuromuscular/Skeletal (Galderma)
heart failure (New York Heart Association Arthralgia (<5%) [6] Indications: Acne vulgaris
Functional Class III/IV). Asthenia (fatigue) [2] Class: Retinoid
Warning: SERIOUS INFECTIONS AND Back pain (6%) [3] Half-life: N/A
MALIGNANCY Tuberculous arthritis [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic interactions with: resorcinol, salicylates
Abdominal pain (7%) [2] Pregnancy category: C
Skin Important contra-indications noted in the
Acneform eruption [3] Cholecystitis (<5%)
Colitis [2] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [2] pediatric patients
Angioedema [4] Esophagitis (<5%)
Gastroenteritis (<5%) Note: Epiduo is adapalene and benzoyl peroxide.
Carcinoma [2]
Cellulitis (<5%) [2] Hepatitis [7]
Dermatomyositis [5] Hepatotoxicity [11] Skin
Eczema [2] Nausea (9%) [2] Burning (38%) [7]
Erysipelas (<5%) Vomiting (<5%) Erythema (38%) [9]
Granulomatous reaction [5] Respiratory Pruritus (>10%) [11]
Henoch–Schönlein purpura [2] Asthma (<5%) Scaling (44%) [6]
Herpes zoster [10] Bronchitis [3] Stinging (38%) [3]
Hidradenitis [2] Bronchospasm (<5%) Xerosis (45%) [10]
Hypersensitivity [3] Dyspnea (<5%) Other
Lesions [2] Flu-like syndrome (7%) Adverse effects [3]
Lichenoid eruption [5] Nasopharyngitis [7]
Lupus erythematosus [16] Pleural effusion (<5%)
Lupus syndrome [3] Pneumonia (<5%) [6]
Lymphoma [8] Pneumonitis [3]
Malignancies [6] Pulmonary fibrosis [3]
Melanoma [6] Pulmonary toxicity [7]
Neoplasms [2] Sinusitis (11%) [3]
Palmoplantar pustulosis [3] Tuberculosis [10]
Peripheral edema (<5%) Upper respiratory tract infection (17%) [13]
ADEFOVIR See all our books at www.crcpress.com
carbamazepine, dipyridamole, levobupivacaine, Mucosal inflammation [7]

ADEFOVIR nicotine, prilocaine, QT prolonging agents, Mucositis [10]
ropivacaine Rhinorrhea (11%)
Trade name: Hepsera (Gilead) Pregnancy category: C Stomatitis (71%) [21]
Indications: HIV infection, hepatitis B infection Important contra-indications noted in the
Class: Antiretroviral, Nucleotide analog reverse Central Nervous System
prescribing guidelines for: pediatric patients Anorexia [3]
transcriptase inhibitor
Half-life: 16–18 hours Fever (12%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Skin Neuromuscular/Skeletal
interactions with: amikacin, amphotericin B, Flushing (18–44%) Asthenia (fatigue) [18]
cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir Cardiovascular Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
disoproxil, delavirdine, drugs causing kidney Arrhythmias [2] Diarrhea (96%) [71]
toxicity, foscarnet, gentamicin, hydroxyurea, Atrial fibrillation [6] Dysphagia [2]
pentamidine, tenofovir disoproxil, tobramycin Chest pain [5] Hepatotoxicity (10%) [5]
Pregnancy category: C Coronary vasospasm [2] Nausea [16]
Important contra-indications noted in the Torsades de pointes [2] Vomiting [10]
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Central Nervous System
mothers; pediatric patients Respiratory
Headache (2–18%) [2] Dyspnea [3]
Warning: SEVERE ACUTE EXACERBATIONS Vertigo (dizziness) (2–12%)
OF HEPATITIS, NEPHROTOXICITY, HIV Pneumonitis [2]
RESISTANCE, LACTIC ACIDOSIS AND SEVERE Neuromuscular/Skeletal Pulmonary toxicity [5]
HEPATOMEGALY WITH STEATOSIS Jaw pain (<15%) Endocrine/Metabolic
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic ALT increased [2]
Skin Abdominal pain (13%) Appetite decreased (29%) [5]
Pruritus (<10%) Respiratory Dehydration [3]
Rash (<10%) Cough (6–8%) Hypokalemia [2]
Stevens-Johnson syndrome [2] Dyspnea [3] Hematologic
Central Nervous System Respiratory distress (11%) Anemia [3]
Headache (9%) [2] Other Febrile neutropenia [2]
Pain [2] Adverse effects [2] Leukopenia [2]
Neutropenia [6]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Thrombocytopenia [2]
Asthenia (fatigue) (13%) [3]
Back pain (<10%) AFATINIB Other
Fractures [2] Adverse effects [7]
Osteomalacia [7] Trade name: Gilotrif (Boehringer Ingelheim) Death [4]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Indications: Metastatic non-small cell lung cancer
Abdominal pain (9%) in patients whose tumors have epidermal growth
Diarrhea (3%) factor receptor exon 19 deletions or exon 21 AFLIBERCEPT
Dyspepsia (3%) (L858R) substitution mutations, metastatic
Flatulence (4%) squamous non-small cell lung cancer progressing Synonym: ziv-aflibercept
Hepatotoxicity (<25%) following platinium-based chemotherapy Trade names: Eylea (Regeneron), Zaltrap
Nausea (5%) Class: Tyrosine kinase inhibitor (Sanofi-Aventis)
Vomiting (<10%) Half-life: 37 hours Indications: Neovascular (wet) age-related
Clinically important, potentially hazardous macular degeneration (Eylea), metastatic
Respiratory interactions with: amiodarone, carbamazepine, colorectal cancer (Zaltrap) in combination with
Cough (6–8%) cyclosporine, erythromycin, itraconazole, FOLFIRI (fluorouracil, leucovorin and irinotecan)
Rhinitis (<5%) ketoconazole, nelfinavir, P-glycoprotein inhibitors, Class: Fusion protein
Endocrine/Metabolic phenobarbital, phenytoin, quinidine, rifampin, Half-life: terminal 5–6 days
Hypophosphatemia [6] ritonavir, saquinavir, St John’s wort, tacrolimus, Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Genitourinary verapamil interactions with: none known
Hematuria (11%) Pregnancy category: D Pregnancy category: C
Important contra-indications noted in the Important contra-indications noted in the
Renal prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Fanconi syndrome [11] pediatric patients pediatric patients
Nephrotoxicity [14] Note: Eylea: Contra-indicated in patients with
Skin ocular or periocular infection or active intraocular
Acneform eruption [27] inflammation.
ADENOSINE Fissures [2] Warning: Zaltrap: HEMORRHAGE,
Hand–foot syndrome [2] GASTROINTESTINAL PERFORATION,
Synonym: ATP Pruritus [3] COMPROMISED WOUND HEALING
Trade names: Adenocard (Astellas), Adenocur Rash [52]
(Sanofi-Aventis) Stevens-Johnson syndrome [4] Mucosal
Indications: Paroxysmal supraventricular Toxicity [3] Epistaxis (nosebleed) [3]
tachycardia, varicose vein complications with Xerosis [8] Stomatitis [6]
stasis dermatitis
Class: Antiarrhythmic class IV, Neurotransmitter Nails Cardiovascular
Half-life: <10 seconds Nail changes [2] Hypertension [13]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Paronychia (58%) [17] Myocardial infarction (<2%)
interactions with: aminophylline, Mucosal Venous thromboembolism [2]
antiarrhythmics, beta blockers, bupivacaine, Epistaxis (nosebleed) [3]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual ALDESLEUKIN
Central Nervous System Vertigo (dizziness) (<2%) [2]

Anorexia [2] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
ALBUTEROL
Headache [2] Dystonia [3]
Stroke (<2%) Synonym: salbutamol
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Trade names: AccuNeb (Mylan Specialty),
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Abdominal pain (<7%) [7] Combivent (Boehringer Ingelheim), Duoneb
Asthenia (fatigue) [6] Hepatitis [5] (Mylan Specialty), Proventil (Schering), Ventolin
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Nausea (4–6%) [3] (GSK), Volmax (Muro)
Diarrhea [6] Vomiting (4–6%) [2] Indications: Bronchospasm associated with
Gastrointestinal perforation [5] Other asthma
Respiratory Adverse effects [5] Class: Beta-2 adrenergic agonist, Bronchodilator,
Dysphonia [5] Tocolytic
Dyspnea [2] Half-life: 3–6 hours
Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Pulmonary embolism [2] ALBIGLUTIDE interactions with: atomoxetine, epinephrine,
Endocrine/Metabolic insulin degludec, insulin detemir, insulin glargine,
Weight loss [2] Trade name: Tanzeum (GSK) insulin glulisine
Indications: To improve glycemic control in Pregnancy category: C
Renal
adults with Type II diabetes mellitus Important contra-indications noted in the
Proteinuria [9]
Class: Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers
Hematologic agonist Note: Combivent is albuterol and ipratropium.
Hemorrhage [3] Half-life: 5 days
Neutropenia [11] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Ocular interactions with: none known Skin
Cataract (7%) [2] Pregnancy category: C Dermatitis [2]
Conjunctival hemorrhage (25%) [3] Important contra-indications noted in the Diaphoresis (<10%)
Conjunctival hyperemia (4%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Erythema (palmar) (with infusion) [2]
Conjunctivitis [2] pediatric patients Flushing (<10%)
Corneal erosion (4%) Note: Contra-indicated in patients with a Mucosal
Intraocular pressure increased (5%) [2] personal or family history of medullary thyroid Xerostomia (<10%)
Lacrimation (3%) carcinoma or in patients with multiple endocrine Cardiovascular
Ocular adverse effects [4] neoplasia syndrome Type 2. Atrial fibrillation [2]
Ocular pain (3–9%) Warning: RISK OF THYROID C-CELL TUMORS Hypertension [2]
Vision blurred (2%) Myocardial infarction [2]
Vitreous detachment (6%) Central Nervous System Palpitation [2]
Vitreous floaters (6%) Headache [4] Tachyarrhythmia [2]
Local Vertigo (dizziness) [2] Tachycardia [2]
Injection-site pain (3%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal Central Nervous System
Other Arthralgia (7%) Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (<10%)
Adverse effects [2] Back pain (7%) [2] Tremor [2]
Death [3] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Respiratory
Infection [3] Constipation [2] Dyspnea [2]
Diarrhea (13%) [15] Endocrine/Metabolic
Dyspepsia (3%) Acidosis [4]
ALBENDAZOLE Gastroesophageal reflux (4%)
Other
Nausea (11%) [20]
Trade name: Albenza (GSK) Pancreatitis [4] Adverse effects [2]
Indications: Nematode infections, hydatid cyst Vomiting (4%) [15]
disease Respiratory
Class: Anthelmintic Cough (7%) ALDESLEUKIN
Half-life: 8–12 hours Influenza (5%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Nasopharyngitis [3] Synonyms: IL-2; interleukin-2
interactions with: antimalarials, conivaptan, Pneumonia (2%) Trade name: Proleukin (Chiron)
dexamethasone, high fat foods Sinusitis (6%) Indications: Metastatic renal cell carcinoma and
Pregnancy category: C Upper respiratory tract infection (14%) [4] metastatic melanoma
Important contra-indications noted in the Class: Biologic, Immunomodulator, Interleukin-2
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers
Endocrine/Metabolic Half-life: 6–85 minutes
GGT increased (2%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Hypoglycemia (2%) [5] interactions with: acebutolol, alfuzosin,
Skin
Fixed eruption [2] Local altretamine, amikacin, aminoglycosides,
Pruritus [4] Injection-site hematoma (2%) antineoplastics, betamethasone, bleomycin,
Urticaria [2] Injection-site reactions (11%) [16] busulfan, captopril, carboplatin, carmustine,
Other chlorambucil, ciclesonide, cilazapril, cisplatin,
Hair corticosteroids, cyclophosphamide, cytarabine,
Alopecia (reversible) (<2%) [4] Adverse effects [4]
dacarbazine, dactinomycin, daunorubicin,
Central Nervous System docetaxel, doxorubicin, enalapril, estramustine,
Fever (<2%) etoposide, fludarabine, fluorouracil, fosinopril,
Headache (<11%) [5] gemcitabine, gentamicin, hydroxyurea, idarubicin,
Intracranial pressure increased (<2%) ifosfamide, indomethacin, interferon alfa,
Psychosis [2] irbesartan, kanamycin, levamisole, lisinopril,
ALDESLEUKIN Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
lomustine, mechlorethamine, melphalan, Neuromuscular/Skeletal Hair

mercaptopurine, methotrexate, mitomycin, Asthenia (fatigue) (23–27%) Alopecia [2]
mitotane, mitoxantrone, neomycin, olmesartan, Myalgia/Myopathy (6%) Central Nervous System
PEG-interferon, pentostatin, plicamycin, Myasthenia gravis [2] Dysgeusia (taste perversion) [3]
procarbazine, quinapril, ramipril, streptomycin, Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Headache (17%) [3]
streptozocin, thioguanine, thiotepa, tobramycin, Abdominal pain (11%)
trandolapril, tretinoin, triamcinolone, uracil, Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Diarrhea (67%) [3] Asthenia (fatigue) (41%) [5]
vinblastine, vincristine, vinorelbine Hepatotoxicity [2]
Pregnancy category: C Back pain (12%)
Nausea (35%) [9] Myalgia/Myopathy (29%) [7]
Important contra-indications noted in the Vomiting (50%) [6]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
pediatric patients Respiratory Constipation (34%) [8]
Note: Contra-indicated in patients with Cough (11%) Diarrhea (16%) [3]
significant cardiac, pulmonary, renal, hepatic, or Dyspnea (43%) Nausea (18%) [4]
CNS impairment. Pulmonary toxicity (11–24%) [2] Vomiting (12%) [3]
Warning: CAPILLARY LEAK SYNDROME Rhinitis (10%)
Respiratory
Endocrine/Metabolic Cough (19%)
Skin Acidosis (12%) Dyspnea (16%)
Angioedema [2] ALP increased (10%) Pulmonary toxicity [5]
Dermatitis [2] AST increased (23%)
Creatine phosphokinase increased (33%) [2] Endocrine/Metabolic
Edema (47%) [3]
Hypocalcemia (11%) ALP increased (47%) [3]
Erythema (41%) [5]
Hypomagnesemia [2] ALT increased (34%) [6]
Erythema nodosum [3]
Hypophosphatemia [2] AST increased (51%) [7]
Erythroderma [4]
Weight gain (16%) Creatine phosphokinase increased (43%) [7]
Exanthems [5]
Weight loss [2] GGT increased [2]
Exfoliative dermatitis (18%)
Hyperbilirubinemia (39%) [6]
Linear IgA bullous dermatosis [4] Genitourinary Hyperglycemia (36%)
Necrosis [2] Oliguria (63%) Hypocalcemia (32%)
Pemphigus [2]
Renal Hypokalemia (29%)
Peripheral edema (28%)
Nephrotoxicity [4] Hyponatremia (20%)
Petechiae (4%)
Hematologic Hypophosphatemia (21%)
Pruritus (24%) [7]
Anemia (29%) Serum creatinine increased (28%)
Psoriasis [4]
Leukopenia (16%) [2] Weight gain (11%)
Purpura (4%)
Rash (42%) [2] Sepsis [3] Hematologic
Scleroderma [2] Thrombocytopenia (37%) [2] Anemia (56%) [3]
Toxic epidermal necrolysis [2] Local Lymphopenia (22%)
Toxicity [6] Injection-site inflammation [2] Neutropenia [6]
Urticaria (2%) [3] Injection-site nodules [2] Ocular
Vitiligo [3] Injection-site reactions (3%) [2] Visual disturbances (10%)
Xerosis (15%)
Other Other
Hair Adverse effects [3] Adverse effects [2]
Alopecia [2] Death [5]
Mucosal Infection (13%) [2]
Oral mucosal eruption [2] ALEMTUZUMAB
Stomatitis (22%)
Cardiovascular ALECTINIB Trade names: Campath (Bayer), MabCampath
Arrhythmias (10%) (Schering)
Capillary leak syndrome [12] Trade name: Alecensa (Genentech) Indications: B-cell chronic lymphcyotic
Cardiotoxicity (11%) [2] Indications: Anaplastic lymphoma kinase- leukemia, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma
Hypotension (71%) [6] positive, metastatic non-small cell lung cancer in Class: Biologic, Immunosuppressant, Monoclonal
Supraventricular tachycardia (12%) patients who have progressed on, or are antibody
Tachycardia (23%) intolerant to, crizotinib Half-life: 12 days
Vascular leak syndrome [6] Class: Kinase inhibitor Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Vasodilation (13%) Half-life: 33 hours interactions with: none known
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Pregnancy category: C
Central Nervous System interactions with: none known Note: Prophylactic therapy against PCP
Anorexia (20%)
Pregnancy category: N/A (Can cause fetal pneumonia and herpes viral infections is
Anxiety (12%)
harm) recommended upon initiation of therapy and for
Chills (52%)
Important contra-indications noted in the at least 2 months following last dose.
Confusion (34%)
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Warning: CYTOPENIAS, INFUSION
Depression [3]
pediatric patients REACTIONS, and INFECTIONS
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (7%)
Fever (29%) [8]
Neurotoxicity [3] Skin Skin
Pain (12%) Edema (30%) Carcinoma [2]
Rigors [3] Peripheral edema [6] Erythema (4%)
Somnolence (drowsiness) (22%) Photosensitivity (10%) [2] Flushing [2]
Vertigo (dizziness) (11%) Rash (18%) [3] Herpes [2]
Herpes simplex [2]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual ALFUZOSIN
Herpes zoster [3] Infusion-related reactions [12]

Lymphoma [2] Infusion-site reactions [5] ALFUZOSIN
Lymphoproliferative disease (64–70%) Injection-site pruritus (30–40%)
Peripheral edema (13%) Injection-site reactions (90%) [5] Trade names: Uroxatral (Concordia), Xatral
Pruritus (14–24%) (Sanofi-Aventis)
Other Indications: Benign prostatic hyperplasia
Purpura (8%) Adverse effects [7]
Rash (13–40%) [5] Class: Adrenergic alpha-receptor antagonist
Death [13] Half-life: 10 hours
Thrombocytopenic purpura [11] Infection (43–74%) [52]
Urticaria (16–30%) [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
interactions with: ACE inhibitors, adrenergic
Mucosal neurone blockers, alcohol, aldesleukin,
Stomatitis (14%) ALENDRONATE alprostadil, amitriptyline, angiotensin II receptor
Cardiovascular antagonists, antipsychotics, anxiolytics and
Hypertension (11–15%) Trade names: Binosto (Mission), Fosamax hypnotics, arsenic, atazanavir, atenolol, baclofen,
Hypotension (15–32%) [2] (Merck) beta blockers, boceprevir, calcium channel
Tachycardia (10%) Indications: Osteoporosis in postmenopausal blockers, cimetidine, citalopram, clonidine,
Central Nervous System women, Paget’s disease conivaptan, corticosteroids, CYP3A4 inducers or
Anorexia (20%) Class: Bisphosphonate inhibitors, darunavir, dasabuvir/ombitasvir/
Anxiety (8%) Half-life: >10 years paritaprevir/ritonavir, dasatinib, deferasirox,
Chills (53%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous degarelix, delavirdine, diazoxide, diltiazem,
Depression (7%) interactions with: none known diuretics, estrogens, food, general anesthetics,
Dysesthesia (15%) Pregnancy category: C hydralazine, indinavir, itraconazole, ketoconazole,
Fever (69–85%) [6] Important contra-indications noted in the lapatinib, levodopa, levofloxacin, lopinavir, MAO
Guillain–Barré syndrome [2] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; inhibitors, methyldopa, minoxidil, moxifloxacin,
Headache (13–24%) [3] pediatric patients moxisylyte, moxonidine, nelfinavir, nitrates,
Insomnia (10%) nitroprusside, NSAIDs, pazopanib,
Intracranial hemorrhage [2] Skin phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors, protease
Leukoencephalopathy [5] Angioedema [2] inhibitors, QT prolonging agents, ritonavir,
Rigors (87%) Erythema multiforme [2] sildenafil, St John’s wort, tadalafil, telaprevir,
Tremor (3%) Hypersensitivity [3] telavancin, telithromycin, tipranavir, tizanidine,
Vertigo (dizziness) (12%) Rash [5] vardenafil, voriconazole, vorinostat, ziprasidone
Pregnancy category: B
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Mucosal Important contra-indications noted in the
Asthenia (fatigue) (22–34%) Oral ulceration [9] prescribing guidelines for: pediatric patients
Bone or joint pain (24%) Central Nervous System
Myalgia/Myopathy (11%) Headache [2] Cardiovascular
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Neuromuscular/Skeletal Hypotension [2]
Abdominal pain (11%) Arthralgia [6] Orthostatic hypotension [3]
Diarrhea (10–22%) [2] Bone or joint pain (<6%) [5] QT prolongation [2]
Nausea (47–54%) [4] Fractures [20]
Vomiting (33–41%) [2] Central Nervous System
Osteonecrosis [12] Headache (3%)
Respiratory Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Pain (<2%)
Dyspnea (14–26%) Abdominal pain (<7%) [8] Vertigo (dizziness) (6%) [19]
Flu-like syndrome [2] Dyspepsia [8]
Pharyngitis (12%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Dysphagia [4] Asthenia (fatigue) (3%)
Pneumonia (16%) [3] Esophageal perforation [2]
Pneumonitis [3] Esophagitis [12] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Respiratory tract infection [2] Hepatotoxicity [7] Abdominal pain (<2%)
Tuberculosis [2] Nausea [7] Hepatotoxicity [2]
Endocrine/Metabolic Vomiting [4] Respiratory
Hyperthyroidism [2] Endocrine/Metabolic Bronchitis (<2%)
Hypothyroidism [2] Hypocalcemia (18%) [5] Pharyngitis (<2%)
Thyroid dysfunction [16] Sinusitis (<2%)
Renal Upper respiratory tract infection (3%)
Genitourinary Nephrotoxicity [2]
Cystitis [2] Renal failure [2] Genitourinary
Renal Ejaculatory dysfunction [3]
Ocular Erectile dysfunction [2]
Nephrotoxicity [4] Conjunctivitis [2]
Hematologic Ocular adverse effects [2] Ocular
Anemia (76%) [4] Ocular inflammation [2] Floppy iris syndrome [4]
Cytopenia [2] Scleritis [3] Other
Hemolytic anemia [4] Uveitis [6] Adverse effects [2]
Hemotoxicity [4] Other
Leukopenia [4] Adverse effects [5]
Lymphopenia (97%) [2]
Neutropenia (77%) [8]
Sepsis [2]
Thrombocytopenia (71%) [11]
Local
Application-site reactions [2]
ALIROCUMAB See all our books at www.crcpress.com
DRESS syndrome [47]

ALIROCUMAB ALITRETINOIN Eosinophilic pustular folliculitis [2]
Erythema multiforme [7]
Trade name: Praluent (Regeneron) Trade name: Panretin (Ligand) Exanthems (<5%) [20]
Indications: Adjunct to diet and statin therapy in Indications: Kaposi’s sarcoma cutaneous lesions Exfoliative dermatitis (>10%) [15]
hypercholesterolemia or clinical atherosclerotic Class: Retinoid Fixed eruption [11]
cardiovascular disease where additional lowering Half-life: N/A Granuloma annulare (disseminated) [2]
of low density lipoprotein cholesterol is required Clinically important, potentially hazardous Hypersensitivity [49]
Class: Monoclonal antibody, Proprotein interactions with: ketoconazole, simvastatin, Lupus erythematosus [3]
convertase subtilisin kexin type 9 (PCSK9) vitamin A Pityriasis rosea [2]
inhibitor Pregnancy category: D Pruritus [7]
Half-life: 17–20 days Important contra-indications noted in the Purpura (>10%) [2]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; pediatric Rash (>10%) [11]
interactions with: none known patients Stevens-Johnson syndrome (>10%) [54]
Pregnancy category: N/A (No data available but Note: Oral alitretinoin (Toctino) is not available in Toxic epidermal necrolysis [73]
likely to cross the placenta in second and third the USA. Toxic pustuloderma [3]
trimester) Toxicity [2]
Important contra-indications noted in the Skin Urticaria (>10%) [6]
prescribing guidelines for: pediatric patients Edema (3–8%) Vasculitis [7]
Erythema [2] Hair
Skin Exfoliative dermatitis (3–9%) Alopecia (<10%) [2]
Hematoma (2%) Flushing [2]
Pigmentation (3%) Mucosal
Cardiovascular Oral ulceration [3]
Cardiotoxicity [3] Pruritus (8–11%)
Rash (25–77%) Stomatitis [2]
Myocardial infarction [3]
Ulcerations (2%) Cardiovascular
Central Nervous System Xerosis (10%) Polyarteritis nodosa [3]
Cognitive impairment [2]
Headache [4] Hair Central Nervous System
Neurotoxicity [4] Curly hair [2] Chills (<10%)
Stroke [2] Mucosal Fever [2]
Vertigo (dizziness) [6] Mucocutaneous reactions [2] Headache [3]
Vertigo (dizziness) [3]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Central Nervous System
Arthralgia [6] Depression [2] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Asthenia (fatigue) [2] Headache [7] Arthralgia [3]
Back pain [6] Paresthesias (3–22%) Asthenia (fatigue) [2]
Bone or joint pain (2%) [2] Back pain [2]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Bone or joint pain [2]
Muscle spasm (3%) Nausea [2]
Myalgia/Myopathy (4%) [7] Joint disorder [2]
Endocrine/Metabolic Myalgia/Myopathy [3]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Creatine phosphokinase increased [2]
Diarrhea (5%) [3] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Hypertriglyceridemia [2] Diarrhea [5]
Hepatotoxicity (3%)
Nausea [2] Hepatotoxicity [7]
Nausea [3]
Respiratory ALLOPURINOL
Bronchitis (4%) Respiratory
Cough (3%) Nasopharyngitis [2]
Trade names: Duzallo (AstraZeneca), Zyloprim Upper respiratory tract infection [4]
Influenza (6%) [4] (Prometheus)
Nasopharyngitis (11%) [9] Indications: Gouty arthritis Endocrine/Metabolic
Sinusitis (3%) [2] Class: Purine analog, Xanthine oxidase inhibitor ALT increased [2]
Upper respiratory tract infection [7] Half-life: <3 hours AST increased [3]
Endocrine/Metabolic Clinically important, potentially hazardous Renal
ALT increased [3] interactions with: acenocoumarol, amoxicillin, Nephrotoxicity [3]
Creatine phosphokinase increased [3] ampicillin, ampicillin/sulbactam, azathioprine, Other
Genitourinary benazepril, capecitabine, captopril, cilazapril, Adverse effects [13]
Urinary tract infection (5%) cyclopenthiazide, dicumarol, enalapril, fosinopril, Allergic reactions (severe) [2]
imidapril, lisinopril, mercaptopurine, Death [9]
Ocular pantoprazole, quinapril, ramipril, trandolapril,
Ocular adverse effects [2] uracil/tegafur, vidarabine, zofenopril
Local Pregnancy category: C
Injection-site pain [2] Note: HLA-B*58:01 confers a risk of allopurinol- ALMOTRIPTAN
Injection-site reactions (7%) [19] induced serious skin reactions like SJS/TEN and
DRESS. Should be seriously considered in patients Trade names: Almogran (Almirall), Axert
Other (Ortho-McNeil)
of south Asian ancestry (see also Genetic Tables 1
Adverse effects [6] Indications: Migraine headaches
and 2, pp. 356–66)
Allergic reactions (9%) Class: 5-HT1 agonist, Serotonin receptor agonist,
Duzallo is allopurinol and lesinurad (see separate
Death [2] Triptan
entry).
Half-life: 3–4 hours
Skin interactions with: conivaptan, darunavir,
AGEP [6] delavirdine, dihydroergotamine, ergotamine,
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual ALPROSTADIL
indinavir, ketoconazole, methysergide, SNRIs, Endocrine/Metabolic Pruritus (<10%) [2]

SSRIs, telithromycin, triptans, voriconazole Hypokalemia [2] Rash (11%) [4]
Pregnancy category: C Other Mucosal
Important contra-indications noted in the Allergic reactions [2] Sialopenia (33%)
prescribing guidelines for: pediatric patients Sialorrhea (4%)
Note: Contra-indicated in patients with history, Xerostomia (15%) [6]
symptoms, or signs of ischemic cardiac,
cerebrovascular, or peripheral vascular ALOGLIPTIN Cardiovascular
syndromes, or with uncontrolled hypertension. Hypotension (<10%)
Trade name: Nesina (Takeda) Central Nervous System
Indications: Type II diabetes mellitus Cognitive impairment (>10%)
Cardiovascular Class: Antidiabetic, Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-
Chest pain [3] Coma [2]
4) inhibitor Depression (>10%)
Central Nervous System Half-life: 21 hours Dysarthria (>10%)
Headache [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous Incoordination (<10%)
Neurotoxicity [2] interactions with: none known Memory loss [2]
Paresthesias [4] Pregnancy category: B Neurotoxicity [2]
Somnolence (drowsiness) [5] Important contra-indications noted in the Paresthesias (2%)
Vertigo (dizziness) [6] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Restlessness [2]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal pediatric patients Sedation [2]
Asthenia (fatigue) [4] Seizures (<10%) [2]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Skin Somnolence (drowsiness) (>10%)
Nausea [6] Hypersensitivity [2] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Vomiting [3] Pruritus [2] Asthenia (fatigue) (>10%) [2]
Respiratory Central Nervous System Endocrine/Metabolic
Flu-like syndrome (12%) Headache (4%) [8] Galactorrhea [2]
Upper respiratory tract infection (20%) Vertigo (dizziness) [3]
Genitourinary
Other Neuromuscular/Skeletal Micturition difficulty (>10%)
Adverse effects [10] Arthralgia [2]
Constipation [2] ALPROSTADIL
ALOE VERA (GEL, Diarrhea [2]
Pancreatitis [3] Synonyms: PGE; prostaglandin E1
JUICE, LEAF) Respiratory Trade names: Caverject (Pfizer), Edex
Nasopharyngitis (4%) [8] (Schwarz), Muse (Vivus), Prostin VR (Pfizer)
Family: Liliaceae Upper respiratory tract infection (4%) [6] Indications: Impotence, to maintain patent
Scientific names: Aloë africana, Aloë barbadensis, ductus arteriosus
Aloë ferox, Aloë spicata Endocrine/Metabolic
Hypoglycemia [14] Class: Prostaglandin
Indications: Oral: anesthetic, antiseptic, Half-life: 5–10 minutes
antipyretic, antipruritic, vasodilator, anti- Other Clinically important, potentially hazardous
inflammatory, vermifuge, antifungal. antiulcer, Adverse effects [6] interactions with: acebutolol, alfuzosin,
diabetes, asthma Infection [3] captopril, cilazapril, enalapril, fosinopril,
Topical: promote healing, cold sores, ulceration, irbesartan, lisinopril, olmesartan, quinapril,
radiations injuries, psoriasis, frostbite. Also used ramipril
in cosmetics and for its moisturizing and emollient
properties
ALPRAZOLAM Pregnancy category: D (not indicated for use in
women)
Class: Anthroquinone glycoside, Anti- Trade name: Xanax (Pfizer) Important contra-indications noted in the
inflammatory Indications: Anxiety, depression, panic attacks prescribing guidelines for: pediatric patients
Half-life: N/A Class: Benzodiazepine Warning: APNEA (in neonates with congenital
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Half-life: 11–16 hours heart defects)
interactions with: arsenic Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Pregnancy category: N/A interactions with: alcohol, amprenavir,
Note: One blade of aloe can be used for weeks.
Skin
aprepitant, boceprevir, clarithromycin, CNS Edema (<10%)
The severed end of the blade is self healing. depressants, darunavir, delavirdine, digoxin,
I have perfumed my bed with myrrh, aloes and
Flushing (>10%)
efavirenz, fluconazole, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, Penile rash (<10%)
cinnamon (Proverbs 7:17). grapefruit juice, indinavir, itraconazole,
Cleopatra regarded the gel as a fountain of youth ivermectin, kava, ketoconazole, posaconazole, Mucosal
and used it to preserve her skin against the propoxyphene, ritonavir, saquinavir, St John’s Nasal congestion (<10%)
ravages of the Egyptian sun. wort, telaprevir, tipranavir Cardiovascular
Pregnancy category: D Bradycardia (<10%)
Skin Important contra-indications noted in the Hypertension (<10%)
Contact dermatitis [2] prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Hypotension (<10%)
Henoch–Schönlein purpura [2] mothers; pediatric patients Tachycardia (<10%)
Hypersensitivity [2] Central Nervous System
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Skin Fever (>10%)
Diarrhea [2] Dermatitis (4%) [5] Headache (>10%)
Hepatitis [6] Diaphoresis (16%) Pain (>10%)
Edema (5%) Vertigo (dizziness) (>10%)
Photosensitivity [4]
ALPROSTADIL Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com

Back pain (<10%) AMBRISENTAN Neurotoxicity (<10%)
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Trade names: Letairis (Gilead), Volibris (GSK) Renal
Diarrhea (<10%) Indications: Pulmonary arterial hypertension Nephrotoxicity (<10%) [11]
Respiratory Class: Antihypertensive, Endothelin receptor Otic
Apnea (>10%) (ETR) antagonist, Vasodilator Hearing loss [5]
Cough (<10%) Half-life: 9 hours Ototoxicity (<10%) [8]
Flu-like syndrome (<10%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous Tinnitus [3]
Sinusitis (<10%) interactions with: conivaptan, cyclosporine, Ocular
Genitourinary CYP2C19 inducers or inhibitors, CYP3A4 Macular infarction [3]
Erectile dysfunction (prolonged erection / inducers or inhibitors, dasatinib, deferasirox,
>4 hours) (4%) grapefruit juice, St John’s wort
Pregnancy category: X
Penile pain (>10%)
Priapism (4%) [8] Important contra-indications noted in the AMILORIDE
Urethral burning (>10%) [2] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
pediatric patients Trade names: Midamor (Merck), Moduretic
Local Note: Also contra-indicated in patients with (Merck)
Application-site burning [3] idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Indications: Prevention of hypokalemia
Application-site erythema [3] Warning: CONTRA-INDICATED IN associated with kaliuretic diuretics, management
Application-site pain [2] PREGNANCY of edema in hypertension
Application-site pruritus [2] Class: Diuretic, potassium-sparing
Injection-site ecchymoses (<10%) Half-life: 6–9 hours
Injection-site hematoma (3%) Skin Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Injection-site pain (2%) Edema [4] interactions with: ACE inhibitors, benazepril,
Flushing (4%) captopril, cyclosporine, enalapril, fosinopril,
Peripheral edema (17%) [9] lisinopril, magnesium, metformin, moexipril,
ALTEPLASE Mucosal potassium salts, quinapril, quinidine, ramipril,
Nasal congestion (6%) [2] spironolactone, trandolapril, zofenopril
Synonym: tPA Cardiovascular Pregnancy category: B
Trade name: Activase (Genentech) Palpitation (5%) Note: Moduretic is amiloride and
Indications: Acute myocardial infarction, acute hydrochlorothiazide. Hydrochlorothiazide is a
Central Nervous System sulfonamide and can be absorbed systemically.
pulmonary embolism Headache (15%) [4]
Class: Fibrinolytic, Plasminogen activator Sulfonamides can produce severe, possibly fatal,
Half-life: 30–45 minutes Gastrointestinal/Hepatic reactions such as toxic epidermal necrolysis and
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Abdominal pain (3%) Stevens-Johnson syndrome.
interactions with: defibrotide, nitroglycerin, Constipation (4%)
ticlopidine Hepatotoxicity [3] Skin
Pregnancy category: C Respiratory Photosensitivity [4]
Important contra-indications noted in the Dyspnea (4%) Central Nervous System
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Nasopharyngitis (3%) Headache (<10%)
mothers Sinusitis (3%) Vertigo (dizziness) (<10%)
Hematologic Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Skin Anemia [5] Asthenia (fatigue) (<10%)
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [5] Myalgia/Myopathy (<10%)
Angioedema [12]
Ecchymoses (<10%) Respiratory
Purpura (<10%)
AMIKACIN Cough (<10%)
Dyspnea (<10%)
Central Nervous System Trade name: Amikacin sulfate (Bedford)
Fever (<10%) Indications: Short-term treatment of serious Endocrine/Metabolic
Intracranial hemorrhage [8] infections due to gram-negative bacteria Gynecomastia (<10%)
Class: Antibiotic, aminoglycoside Hyperkalemia [2]
Hemorrhagic colitis (5%) Half-life: 1.5–2.5 hours (adults) Genitourinary
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Impotence (<10%)
Hematologic interactions with: adefovir, aldesleukin,
Bleeding [3] aminoglycosides, atracurium, bumetanide,
Hemorrhage (4%)
Other
cephalexin, doxacurium, ethacrynic acid,
furosemide, succinylcholine, teicoplanin,
AMINOLEVULINIC
Death [4] torsemide ACID
Pregnancy category: D
Important contra-indications noted in the Trade names: Ameluz (Biofrontera), Levulan
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Kerastick (Dusa)
pediatric patients Indications: Non-hyperkeratotic actinic
Note: Aminoglycosides may cause neurotoxicity keratoses of face and scalp
and/or nephrotoxicity. Class: Photosensitizer, Protoporphyrin IX (PpIX)
(wakefulness promoting agent)
Skin Half-life: 20–40 hours
Dermatitis [3] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Exanthems [2] interactions with: none known
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual AMIODARONE
Pregnancy category: C Cardiovascular Pregnancy category: D

Important contra-indications noted in the Arrhythmias [2] Important contra-indications noted in the
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Palpitation [3] prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
pediatric patients Tachycardia [2] mothers; pediatric patients
Note: In photodynamic therapy: to be used in Central Nervous System Warning: PULMONARY TOXICITY
conjunction with the relevant illuminator as Insomnia [2]
approved by the manufacturer. Seizures [11] Skin
Tremor [2] Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [2]
Skin Neuromuscular/Skeletal Angioedema [2]
Burning (>50%) [6] Rhabdomyolysis [5] Diaphoresis [2]
Crusting (64–71%) [2] Edema (<10%)
Dermatitis [2] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Erythema nodosum [2]
Desquamation [2] Abdominal pain [2] Exanthems [5]
Edema (35%) [9] Nausea [5] Facial erythema (3%) [2]
Erosions (14%) [2] Vomiting [2] Flushing (<10%)
Erythema (99%) [13] Endocrine/Metabolic Iododerma [2]
Exfoliative dermatitis (from topical SIADH [2] Linear IgA bullous dermatosis [6]
treatment) [3] Lupus erythematosus [5]
Other
Hypomelanosis (22%) Myxedema [3]
Adverse effects [3]
Photosensitivity [3] Photosensitivity (10–75%) [42]
Allergic reactions [5]
Pigmentation (from topical treatment) (22%) Phototoxicity [3]
Death [2]
[7] Pigmentation (blue) (<10%) [68]
Pruritus (25%) [2] Pruritus (<5%) [2]
Pustules (<4%) Psoriasis [2]
Scaling (64–71%) AMIODARONE Purpura (2%)
Stinging (>50%) [2] Toxic epidermal necrolysis [2]
Ulcerations (4%) Trade names: Cordarone (Wyeth), Pacerone Toxicity [5]
Vesiculation (4%) [2] (Upsher-Smith) Vasculitis [6]
Indications: Ventricular fibrillation, ventricular
Central Nervous System tachycardia
Hair
Dysesthesia (2%) Alopecia [5]
Class: Antiarrhythmic, Antiarrhythmic class III,
Pain [12] Mucosal
CYP1A2 inhibitor, CYP3A4 inhibitor
Half-life: 26–107 days Sialorrhea (<10%)
AMINOPHYLLINE interactions with: abarelix, acebutolol, Arrhythmias (<3%) [3]
acenocoumarol, afatinib, amisulpride, Atrial fibrillation (paroxysmal) [3]
Synonym: theophylline ethylenediamine amitriptyline, amprenavir, anisindione, Atrioventricular block [3]
Trade names: Elixophyllin (Forest), Phyllocontin anticoagulants, arsenic, artemether/lumefantrine, Bradycardia [18]
(Napp), Quibron (Monarch) asenapine, astemizole, atazanavir, atorvastatin, Cardiotoxicity [4]
Indications: Prevention or treatment of azoles, betrixaban, boceprevir, bosentan, Hypotension (16%) [4]
reversible bronchospasm carbimazole, celiprolol, cholestyramine, QT prolongation [25]
Class: Xanthine alkaloid cimetidine, ciprofloxacin, clopidogrel, cobicistat/ Tachycardia [2]
Half-life: 3–15 hours (in adult nonsmokers) elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide, Thrombophlebitis [2]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir Torsades de pointes [36]
interactions with: adenosine, anagrelide, disoproxil, colchicine, cyclosporine, dabigatran, Ventricular arrhythmia [2]
arformoterol, azithromycin, BCG vaccine, daclatasvir, darunavir, degarelix, delavirdine,
caffeine, capsicum, carbimazole, cimetidine, dextromethorphan, dicumarol, digoxin, diltiazem, Central Nervous System
ciprofloxacin, clorazepate, cocoa, erythromycin, disopyramide, dronedarone, droperidol, Anorexia (10–33%)
eucalyptus, febuxostat, fluvoxamine, halothane, echinacea, enoxacin, fentanyl, flecainide, Coma [2]
indacaterol, influenza vaccine, levofloxacin, fosamprenavir, gatifloxacin, grapefruit juice, Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (<10%)
mebendazole, methylprednisolone, moxifloxacin, indinavir, ledipasvir & sofosbuvir, lesinurad, Headache (3–40%)
nilutamide, norfloxacin, obeticholic acid, letermovir, levofloxacin, levomepromazine, Insomnia (3–40%)
ofloxacin, oral contraceptives, prednisolone, lidocaine, lomefloxacin, lopinavir, loratadine, Neurotoxicity [5]
prednisone, propranolol, rasagiline, raspberry macrolide antibiotics, methotrexate, Paresthesias (4–9%)
leaf, roflumilast, ropivacaine, roxithromycin, St moxifloxacin, naldemedine, nelfinavir, nevirapine, Parkinsonism [4]
John’s wort, torasemide, torsemide, nilotinib, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, orlistat, Parosmia (<10%)
triamcinolone, zafirlukast oxprenolol, pentamidine, phenytoin, Peripheral neuropathy [4]
Pregnancy category: C pimavanserin, procainamide, propranolol, Syncope [2]
Important contra-indications noted in the quinidine, quinine, quinolones, ribociclib, Tremor (3–40%) [4]
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing rifabutin, rifampin, rifapentine, ritonavir, Vertigo (dizziness) (3–40%)
mothers ropivacaine, rosuvastatin, simvastatin, sofosbuvir Neuromuscular/Skeletal
& velpatasvir, sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/voxilaprevir, Ataxia [4]
Skin sotalol, sparfloxacin, St John’s wort, sulpiride, Myoclonus [2]
Dermatitis [7] tacrolimus, telaprevir, tetrabenazine, thalidomide, Rhabdomyolysis [7]
Exanthems [5] tipranavir, trazodone, vandetanib, venetoclax, Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Exfoliative dermatitis [6] verapamil, warfarin, zuclopenthixol Abdominal pain (<10%)
Hypersensitivity [6] Constipation (10–33%)
Pruritus [3] Hepatic failure [2]
Stevens-Johnson syndrome [3] Hepatic steatosis [2]
Urticaria [6] Hepatitis (<3%) [3]
AMIODARONE See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Hepatotoxicity [28] pentamidine, phenelzine, phenothiazines,

Nausea (10–33%) phenytoin, pimozide, pramlintide, primidone, AMLODIPINE
Pancreatitis [5] propafenone, propoxyphene, protease inhibitors,
Vomiting (10–33%) QT interval prolonging agents, quinidine, quinine, Trade names: Caduet (Pfizer), Exforge
quinolones, rasagiline, ritonavir, saquinavir, (Novartis), Istin (Pfizer), Lotrel (Novartis),
Respiratory Norvasc (Pfizer), Prestalia (Symplmed), Tekamlo
Cough [2] selegiline, sibutramine, sodium oxybate, sotalol,
sparfloxacin, SSRIs, St John’s wort, sulfonylureas, (Novartis)
Eosinophilic pneumonia [2] Indications: Hypertension, angina
Pneumonia [4] terbinafine, tetrabenazine, thioridazine, thyroid
hormones, tramadol, tranylcypromine, valerian, Class: Antiarrhythmic class IV, Calcium channel
Pneumonitis [5] blocker
Pulmonary toxicity [25] valproic acid, verapamil, vitamin K antagonists,
yohimbine, ziprasidone Half-life: 30–50 hours
Endocrine/Metabolic Pregnancy category: C Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Hyperthyroidism (<3%) [10] Important contra-indications noted in the interactions with: amprenavir, carbamazepine,
Hyponatremia [2] prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir
Hypothyroidism (<3%) [19] mothers; pediatric patients alafenamide, cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/
SIADH [11] Note: Limbitrol is amitriptyline and tenofovir disoproxil, conivaptan, delavirdine,
Thyroid dysfunction [26] chlordiazepoxide. epirubicin, imatinib, phenytoin, primidone,
Thyrotoxicosis [20] Warning: SUICIDALITY AND sildenafil, simvastatin, St John’s wort, tadalafil,
Genitourinary ANTIDEPRESSANT DRUGS telaprevir
Epididymitis [2] Pregnancy category: C
Otic Skin prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Vestibular disorder [3] Diaphoresis (<10%) mothers; pediatric patients
Ocular DRESS syndrome [2] Note: Caduet is amlodipine and atorvastatin;
Corneal deposits (>90%) [2] Photosensitivity [3] Exforge is amlodipine and valsartan; Lotrel is
Keratopathy [6] Pigmentation [4] amlodipine and benazepril; Prestalia is amlodipine
Ocular adverse effects [4] Pruritus [3] and perindopril; Tekamlo is amlodipine and
Ocular toxicity [2] Pseudolymphoma [2] aliskiren.
Optic neuropathy [7] Purpura [2]
Visual disturbances (2–9%) Mucosal Skin
Other Xerostomia (>10%) [17] Angioedema [6]
Adverse effects [5] Cardiovascular Dermatitis (<10%)
Death [9] Brugada syndrome [4] Eczema [2]
Side effects (12%) [4] Myocardial infarction [2] Edema (5–14%) [20]
Postural hypotension [2] Erythema multiforme [2]
QT prolongation [2] Exanthems (2–4%) [2]
AMITRIPTYLINE Central Nervous System Flushing (<10%) [5]
Delirium [2] Peripheral edema (>10%) [45]
Trade names: Elavil (AstraZeneca), Limbitrol Depression [2] Pigmentation [2]
(Valeant) Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (>10%) [2] Pruritus (2–4%) [3]
Indications: Depression Hallucinations [3] Purpura [2]
Class: Antidepressant, tricyclic, Muscarinic Headache [2] Rash (<10%)
antagonist Restless legs syndrome [2] Telangiectasia (facial) [5]
Half-life: 10–25 hours Sedation [3] Toxic epidermal necrolysis [2]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Seizures [7] Toxicity [2]
interactions with: adrenergic neurone blockers, Serotonin syndrome [4] Vasculitis [2]
alcohol, alfuzosin, altretamine, amiodarone, Somnolence (drowsiness) [7] Mucosal
amphetamines, amprenavir, anticholinergics, Vertigo (dizziness) [6] Gingival hyperplasia/hypertrophy [31]
antiepileptics, antihistamines, antimuscarinics, Neuromuscular/Skeletal Cardiovascular
antipsychotics, apraclonidine, arsenic, Asthenia (fatigue) [4] Bradycardia [2]
artemether/lumefantrine, aspirin, atomoxetine, Rhabdomyolysis [2] Hypotension [9]
baclofen, barbiturates, brimonidine, bupropion, Orthostatic hypotension [2]
cannabis extract, carbamazepine, cimetidine, Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
cinacalcet, ciprofloxacin, cisapride, clonidine, Cholestasis [2] Central Nervous System
clozapine, cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/ Constipation [5] Headache [12]
tenofovir alafenamide, cobicistat/elvitegravir/ Nausea [2] Parkinsonism [2]
emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil, conivaptan, Endocrine/Metabolic Syncope [2]
coumarins, CYP2D6 inhibitors, desmopressin, SIADH [5] Vertigo (dizziness) [15]
dexmethylphenidate, diltiazem, disopyramide, Weight gain [7] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
disulfiram, diuretics, dronedarone, droperidol, Otic Asthenia (fatigue) [5]
duloxetine, entacapone, ephedra, epinephrine, Tinnitus [3] Rhabdomyolysis [2]
estrogens, eucalyptus, flecainide, gadobutrol, Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
general anesthetics, gotu kola, grapefruit juice, Ocular
Hallucinations, visual [2] Diarrhea [3]
guanethidine, histamine, interferon alfa, Gastritis [2]
iobenguane, isocarboxazid, isoproterenol, kava, Vision blurred [2]
Hepatotoxicity [3]
linezolid, lithium, MAO inhibitors, Other Nausea [5]
methylphenidate, metoclopramide, Adverse effects [5] Vomiting [2]
moclobemide, moxifloxacin, moxonidine, Death [3]
nefopam, nicorandil, nilotinib, nitrates, NSAIDs, Respiratory
opioid analgesics, paroxetine hydrochloride, Bronchitis [2]
Cough [3]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual AMPHOTERICIN B
Upper respiratory tract infection [4] Rash (<10%) Mucosal

Endocrine/Metabolic Toxic epidermal necrolysis [2] Stomatitis [2]
Hyponatremia [2] Mucosal Central Nervous System
Other Xerostomia (14%) Anorexia [2]
Adverse effects [8] Central Nervous System Dysgeusia (taste perversion) [6]
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (>10%) Hallucinations [3]
Headache (<10%) Headache [5]
Somnolence (drowsiness) [3]
AMODIAQUINE Insomnia (<10%)
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome [2] Vertigo (dizziness) [5]
Trade names: Camoquin (Pfizer), Flavoquin Somnolence (drowsiness) (14%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal
(Sanofi-Aventis) Vertigo (dizziness) (<10%) Asthenia (fatigue) [3]
Indications: Malaria Neuromuscular/Skeletal Rhabdomyolysis [2]
Class: Anti-inflammatory, Antimalarial Asthenia (fatigue) (<10%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Half-life: 15.7–19.5 hours Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Abdominal distension [2]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Constipation (12%) Abdominal pain [7]
interactions with: none known Nausea (<10%) Diarrhea [19]
Pregnancy category: N/A Dyspepsia [2]
Important contra-indications noted in the Endocrine/Metabolic Hepatotoxicity [37]
prescribing guidelines for: pediatric patients Galactorrhea [2] Nausea [13]
Ocular Vomiting [9]
Skin Vision blurred (7%) Genitourinary
Pruritus [4] Other Vaginitis [3]
Central Nervous System Side effects (5%) Renal
Extrapyramidal symptoms [3] Nephrotoxicity [2]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Other
Asthenia (fatigue) [4] AMOXICILLIN Adverse effects [20]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Kounis syndrome [6]
Synonym: amoxycillin Side effects [4]
Abdominal pain [3] Trade names: Amoxil (GSK), Augmentin (GSK),
Diarrhea [3] Tooth fluorosis [2]
Prevpac (TAP), Trimox (Bristol-Myers Squibb)
Hepatotoxicity [2] Indications: Infections of the respiratory tract,
Vomiting [8] skin and urinary tract
Hematologic Class: Antibiotic, penicillin AMPHOTERICIN B
Neutropenia [2] Half-life: 0.7–1.4 hours
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Trade names: Abelcet (Sigma-Tau), AmBisome
Other (Astellas), Amphocin (Pfizer), Amphotec
Adverse effects [2] interactions with: allopurinol, bromelain,
chloramphenicol, demeclocycline, doxycycline, (Alkopharma)
Death [2] Indications: Potentially life-threatening fungal
erythromycin, imipenem/cilastatin, methotrexate,
minocycline, omeprazole, oxytetracycline, infections
sulfonamides, tetracycline Class: Antifungal
AMOXAPINE Pregnancy category: B Half-life: initial: 15–48 hours; terminal: 15 days
Note: Augmentin is amoxicillin and clavulanic Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Trade name: Amoxapine (Watson) acid. interactions with: adefovir, aminoglycosides,
Indications: Depression arsenic, astemizole, betamethasone, cephalothin,
Class: Antidepressant, tricyclic, Muscarinic cidofovir, cyclosporine, digoxin, ethoxzolamide,
antagonist Skin fluconazole, flucytosine, ganciclovir, griseofulvin,
Half-life: 11–30 hours AGEP [28] hydrocortisone, itraconazole, ketoconazole,
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [16] micafungin, pentamidine, probenecid, sulpiride,
interactions with: amprenavir, artemether/ Angioedema (<10%) [5] terbinafine, triamcinolone, voriconazole
lumefantrine, clonidine, dronedarone, Baboon syndrome (SDRIFE) [11] Pregnancy category: B
epinephrine, fluoxetine, guanethidine, Bullous pemphigoid [2] Important contra-indications noted in the
iobenguane, isocarboxazid, linezolid, MAO Dermatitis [4] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers
inhibitors, nilotinib, phenelzine, pimozide, DRESS syndrome [6]
quetiapine, quinine, quinolones, sparfloxacin, Edema [2]
Erythema multiforme [18] Skin
tetrabenazine, thioridazine, toremifene, Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [4]
tranylcypromine, vandetanib, vemurafenib, Exanthems (>5%) [33]
Fixed eruption [10] Diaphoresis (7%)
ziprasidone Exanthems [4]
Pregnancy category: C Hypersensitivity [5]
Jarisch–Herxheimer reaction [2] Flushing (<10%) [2]
Important contra-indications noted in the Peripheral edema (15%)
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Linear IgA bullous dermatosis [3]
Pemphigus [4] Pruritus (11%) [2]
mothers; pediatric patients Purpura [3]
Warning: SUICIDALITY AND Pruritus [7]
Pustules [8] Rash (25%)
ANTIDEPRESSANT DRUGS Toxicity [2]
Rash (<10%) [14]
Serum sickness-like reaction (<10%) [6] Urticaria [2]
Skin Stevens-Johnson syndrome [13] Mucosal
AGEP [3] Toxic epidermal necrolysis [14] Epistaxis (nosebleed) (15%)
Diaphoresis (<10%) Toxic pustuloderma [2]
Edema (<10%) Cardiovascular
Urticaria (<5%) [16] Chest pain (12%)
Exanthems [2]
AMPHOTERICIN B Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Hypertension (8%) [4] Pregnancy category: B

Hypotension (14%) AMPICILLIN Important contra-indications noted in the
Tachycardia (13%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers
Thrombophlebitis (<10%) Trade name: Totacillin (GSK) Note: Serious and occasionally fatal
Indications: Susceptible strains of gram-negative hypersensitivity (anaphylactic) reactions have
Central Nervous System and gram-positive bacterial infections
Anorexia (>10%) been reported in patients on penicillin therapy.
Class: Antibiotic, penicillin Contra-indicated in patients with a history of
Anxiety (14%) Half-life: 1–1.5 hours
Chills (48%) [6] hypersensitivity reactions to any of the penicillins.
Confusion (11%) interactions with: allopurinol, anticoagulants,
Delirium (>10%) chloramphenicol, cyclosporine, demeclocycline, Skin
Fever (>10%) [5] doxycycline, erythromycin, levodopa, Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [2]
Headache (20%) methotrexate, minocycline, oxytetracycline, Linear IgA bullous dermatosis [3]
Insomnia (17%) sulfonamides, tetracycline Rash (<10%)
Leukoencephalopathy [4] Pregnancy category: B Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Pain (14%) Important contra-indications noted in the Diarrhea (<10%)
Paresthesias (<10%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers
Parkinsonism [2] Local
Note: Five to 10% of people taking ampicillin Injection-site pain (16%)
Rigors [2] develop eruptions between the 5th and 14th day
Neuromuscular/Skeletal following initiation of therapy. Also, there is a
Asthenia (fatigue) (13%) 95% incidence of exanthematous eruptions in
Back pain (12%) patients who are treated for infectious ANAKINRA
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic mononucleosis with ampicillin. The allergenicity
of ampicillin appears to be enhanced by Trade name: Kineret (Amgen)
Abdominal pain (20%) Indications: Rheumatoid arthritis, neonatal-
Diarrhea (30%) allopurinol or by hyperuricemia. Ampicillin is
clearly the more allergenic of the two drugs when onset multisystem inflammatory disease
Gastrointestinal bleeding (10%) Class: Disease-modulating antirheumatoid drug,
Hepatotoxicity [6] given alone.
Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-IRa)
Nausea (40%) Half-life: 4–6 hours
Vomiting (32%) Skin Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Respiratory AGEP [9] interactions with: abatacept, adalimumab,
Bronchospasm [2] Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [10] certolizumab, etanercept, golimumab, infliximab,
Cough (18%) Angioedema [2] lenalidomide, live vaccines
Dyspnea (23%) Baboon syndrome (SDRIFE) [3] Pregnancy category: B
Hypoxia (8%) Dermatitis [8] Important contra-indications noted in the
Pleural effusion (13%) Erythema multiforme [11] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers
Pulmonary toxicity (18%) Exanthems (>10%) [84]
Rhinitis (11%) Exfoliative dermatitis [3]
Fixed eruption [10] Central Nervous System
Tachypnea (>10%) Fever (12%)
Hypersensitivity [5]
Endocrine/Metabolic Linear IgA bullous dermatosis [4] Headache (12–14%) [2]
ALP increased (22%) Pemphigus [6] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
ALT increased (15%) Pruritus (<5%) [5] Arthralgia (6–12%)
AST increased (13%) Psoriasis [5]
Creatine phosphokinase increased (22%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Purpura [6] Abdominal pain (5%)
Hyperglycemia (23%) Pustules [4]
Hypernatremia (4%) Diarrhea (8%)
Rash (<10%) Nausea (8%)
Hypervolemia (12%) Stevens-Johnson syndrome [10]
Hypocalcemia (18%) Vomiting (14%)
Toxic epidermal necrolysis [15]
Hypokalemia [2] Urticaria [16] Respiratory
Hypomagnesemia (20%) Vasculitis [4] Flu-like syndrome (6%)
Genitourinary Nasopharyngitis (12%)
Hematologic Sinusitis (7%)
Hematuria (14%) Thrombocytopenia [2]
Urinary retention (<10%) Upper respiratory tract infection (4%) [2]
Local Local
Renal Injection-site pain (>10%)
Nephrotoxicity [51] Injection-site edema [2]
Other Injection-site erythema [3]
Hematologic Allergic reactions (<10%) [3] Injection-site inflammation [2]
Anemia (>10%) [4] Injection-site pain [4]
Leukocytosis (<10%) Injection-site reactions (71%) [32]
Sepsis (14%)
Local
AMPICILLIN/ Other
Adverse effects [6]
Infusion-related reactions [5] SULBACTAM Infection (40%) [11]
Injection-site pain (>10%)
Injection-site reactions [5] Trade name: Unasyn (Pfizer)
Other Indications: Various infections caused by
Adverse effects [5] susceptible organisms
Death [4] Class: Antibiotic, beta-lactam, Antibiotic,
Infection (11%) penicillin
Half-life: 1 hour
interactions with: allopurinol, probenecid
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual ANTHRAX VACCINE
Hypoglycemia (7%)
ANASTROZOLE ANIDULAFUNGIN Hypokalemia (5–15%)
Hypomagnesemia (12%)
Trade name: Arimidex (AstraZeneca) Trade names: Ecalta (Pfizer), Eraxis (Pfizer)
Indications: Breast carcinoma (localized – Indications: Candidemia, candidal esophagitis Genitourinary
advanced or metastatic) Class: Antimycobacterial, echinocandin Urinary tract infection (15%)
Class: Antineoplastic, Aromatase inhibitor Half-life: 40–50 hours Hematologic
Half-life: 50 hours Clinically important, potentially hazardous Anemia (8–9%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous interactions with: none known Coagulopathy (<2%)
interactions with: estradiol, estrogens, Pregnancy category: C Leukocytosis (5%)
tamoxifen Important contra-indications noted in the Sepsis (7%)
Pregnancy category: N/A (Contra-indicated in prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Thrombocythemia (6%)
women of premenopausal endocrine status, pediatric patients Thrombocytopenia (<2%)
including pregnant women) Ocular
Important contra-indications noted in the Skin Ocular pain (<2%)
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers Angioedema (<2%) Vision blurred (<2%)
Note: The efficacy of anastrozole in the Erythema (<2%) Visual disturbances (<2%)
treatment of pubertal gynecomastia in adolescent Flushing (<2%) [2]
boys and in the treatment of precocious puberty Local
Hot flashes (<2%) Infusion-related reactions [2]
in girls with McCune-Albright syndrome has not Hyperhidrosis (<2%)
been demonstrated. Peripheral edema (11%) Other
Pruritus (<2%) Adverse effects [3]
Skin Ulcerations (5%) Infection (63%)
Flushing (>5%) Urticaria (<2%)
Hot flashes (12–36%) [13] Mucosal
Lupus erythematosus [3] Oral candidiasis (5%) ANTHRAX VACCINE
Pruritus (2–5%) Cardiovascular Trade name: BioThrax (Emergent BioSolutions)
Rash (6–11%) [2] Atrial fibrillation (<2%) Indications: Anthrax prophylaxis
Bundle branch block (<2%) Class: Vaccine
Hair Chest pain (5%)
Alopecia (2–5%) Half-life: Requires 1 month to achieve immunity
Hypertension (12%) (92.5% efficient)
Cardiovascular Hypotension (15%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Angina (2%) Phlebitis [2] interactions with: corticosteroids,
Hypertension (2–13%) Thrombophlebitis (<2%) immunosuppressive therapies, other vaccines
Thrombophlebitis (2–5%) Venous thromboembolism (10%) Pregnancy category: D
Central Nervous System Central Nervous System Important contra-indications noted in the
Carpal tunnel syndrome [2] Confusion (8%) prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Depression (5–13%) Depression (6%) mothers; pediatric patients
Headache (9–13%) [2] Fever (9–18%) [3] Note: Dr. Sue Bailey, Assistant Secretary for
Pain (14%) Headache (8%) [5] Health Affairs, released a statement on June 29,
Tumor pain (>5%) Insomnia (15%) 1999 that ‘almost one million shots given, the
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Rigors (<2%) anthrax immunization is proving to be one of the
Arthralgia (2–5%) [8] Seizures (<2%) safest vaccination programs on record.’ The
Asthenia (fatigue) (19%) [7] Vertigo (dizziness) (<2%) ADRs reported occurred for ‘50 service
Back pain (12%) [2] Neuromuscular/Skeletal members at one installation alone.’ Note that no
Bone or joint pain (6–11%) [2] Back pain (5%) number of military personnel was mentioned at
Joint disorder [3] this installation, nor did it give any percentages for
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic the reactions reported.
Myalgia/Myopathy (2–5%) [2] Abdominal pain (6%)
Osteoporosis (11%) Cholestasis (<2%)
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Constipation (8%) Skin
Diarrhea [2] Diarrhea (9–18%) Diaphoresis [2]
Hepatitis [2] Dyspepsia (aggravated) (7%) Edema (3%) [2]
Hepatotoxicity [5] Hepatotoxicity [4] Hypersensitivity [5]
Nausea (11–19%) Nausea (7–24%) [4] Lupus erythematosus [2]
Vomiting (8–13%) Vomiting (7–18%) [4] Pruritus (<10%) [2]
Rash [2]
Respiratory Respiratory Stevens-Johnson syndrome [2]
Cough (11%) Cough (7%) Urticaria [2]
Flu-like syndrome (7%) Dyspnea (12%)
Pharyngitis (6–14%) Pleural effusion (10%) Central Nervous System
Pneumonia (6%) Chills [2]
Endocrine/Metabolic Fever [3]
Mastodynia (2–5%) Respiratory distress (6%)
Guillain–Barré syndrome [2]
Genitourinary Endocrine/Metabolic Headache (4–64%) [2]
Vaginal dryness (2%) [3] ALP increased (12%)
ALT increased (2%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Other Creatine phosphokinase increased (5%) Arthralgia [3]
Infection (2–5%) Dehydration (6%) Asthenia (fatigue) (5–62%)
Hyperglycemia (6%) Myalgia/Myopathy (2–72%) [3]
Hyperkalemia (6%)
ANTHRAX VACCINE See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Other Appetite decreased [2]

Diarrhea (6–8%) Adverse effects [4] Weight loss (10–12%) [6]
Nausea (6%) Other
Respiratory Adverse effects [5]
Flu-like syndrome [3] APRACLONIDINE Infection [2]
Nasopharyngitis (12–15%)
Genitourinary Trade name: Iopidine (Alcon)
Dysmenorrhea (7%) Indications: Post-surgical intraocular pressure
elevation
APREPITANT
Local Class: Adrenergic alpha2-receptor agonist Trade name: Emend (Merck)
Injection-site edema [4] Half-life: 8 hours Indications: Prevention of postoperative and
Injection-site nodules [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting
Injection-site pain [4] interactions with: amitriptyline Class: Antiemetic, CYP3A4 inhibitor, Neurokinin
Injection-site pruritus [2] Pregnancy category: C 1 receptor antagonist
Injection-site reactions [6] Important contra-indications noted in the Half-life: 9–13 hours
Other prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Allergic reactions [2] pediatric patients interactions with: alprazolam, antifungal agents,
astemizole, avanafil, betamethasone,
Skin carbamazepine, cisapride, clarithromycin,
ANTIHEMOPHILIC Dermatitis [3] colchicine, conivaptan, corticosteroids, CYP2C9
Pruritus (10%) substrates, CYP3A4 inducers or inhibitors,
FACTOR Mucosal dasatinib, deferasirox, dexamethasone, diltiazem,
Xerostomia (<10%) docetaxel, eplerenone, estrogens, everolimus,
Synonym: rFV111Fc fentanyl, grapefruit juice, halofantrine, ifosfamide,
Trade names: Afstyla (CSL Behring), Eloctate Central Nervous System imatinib, irinotecan, itraconazole, ketoconazole,
(Biogen Idec), Kovaltry (Bayer) Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (3%) methylprednisolone, midazolam, mifepristone,
Indications: Control and prevention of bleeding Ocular naldemedine, nefazodone, neratinib, olaparib,
episodes in Hemophilia A Conjunctivitis (<5%) oral contraceptives, paroxetine hydrochloride,
Class: Antihemorrhagic, Recombinant fusion Eyelid edema (<3%) phenobarbital, phenytoin, pimecrolimus,
protein Ocular pruritus (5–15%) pimozide, progestins, ranolazine, rifampin,
Half-life: 20 hours (adults) Xerophthalmia (<5%) rifamycin derivatives, rifapentine, ritonavir,
Clinically important, potentially hazardous salmeterol, saxagliptin, St John’s wort,
interactions with: none known
Other
telithromycin, terfenadine, tolbutamide,
Pregnancy category: C
tolvaptan, trabectedin, triamcinolone,
Important contra-indications noted in the troleandomycin, vinblastine, vincristine,
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers voriconazole, warfarin
APREMILAST Pregnancy category: N/A (Insufficient evidence
Other to inform drug-associated risk)
Trade name: Otezla (Celgene) Important contra-indications noted in the
Adverse effects [2]
Indications: Psoriatic arthritis, plaque psoriasis prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Class: Phosphodiesterase inhibitor, pediatric patients
Phosphodiesterase type 4 (PDE4) inhibitor Note: Fosaprepitant is a prodrug of aprepitant
APIXABAN Half-life: 6–9 hours for injection. Aprepitant treatment is given along
Clinically important, potentially hazardous with a 5-HT3-receptor antagonist and
Trade name: Eliquis (Bristol-Myers Squibb) interactions with: carbamazepine, dexamethasone.
Indications: Reduce the risk of stroke and phenobarbital, phenytoin, rifampin
systemic embolism in patients with nonvalvular Pregnancy category: C
atrial fibrillation Important contra-indications noted in the
Skin
Class: Anticoagulant, Direct factor Xa inhibitor Pruritus (8%)
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Half-life: 5–12 hours pediatric patients Hair
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Alopecia (12%)
interactions with: carbamazepine, darunavir,
Central Nervous System Mucosal
phenytoin, rifampin, St John’s wort, tipranavir,
Depression [4] Mucocutaneous reactions (3%)
voriconazole
Headache (5–6%) [28] Stomatitis (3%)
Important contra-indications noted in the Neuromuscular/Skeletal Cardiovascular
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Arthralgia [2] Hypertension (2%)
pediatric patients Asthenia (fatigue) [5] Hypotension (6%)
Note: Contra-indicated in patients with active Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Central Nervous System
pathological bleeding. Abdominal pain (<2%) [4] Anorexia (6–10%) [3]
Warning: DISCONTINUING ELIQUIS IN Diarrhea (8–9%) [35] Encephalopathy [2]
PATIENTS WITHOUT ADEQUATE Dyspepsia [2] Fever (3–6%)
CONTINUOUS ANTICOAGULATION Nausea (7–9%) [35] Headache (5–9%) [6]
INCREASES RISK OF STROKE Vomiting (<3%) [10] Insomnia (2–3%)
Respiratory Somnolence (drowsiness) [2]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Vertigo (dizziness) (3–7%) [2]
Nasopharyngitis (<3%) [19]
Hepatotoxicity [2] Upper respiratory tract infection (<4%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Hematologic [16] Asthenia (fatigue) (5–18%) [10]
Hemorrhage [15] Endocrine/Metabolic Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
ALT increased [2] Abdominal pain (5%) [3]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual ARIPIPRAZOLE
Constipation (9–10%) [9] Chest pain (7%) [2] Skin

Diarrhea (<10%) [3] Digitalis intoxication (<2%) Rash (6%) [2]
Dyspepsia (5–6%) QT prolongation (<2%) Mucosal
Flatulence (4%) Supraventricular tachycardia (<2%) Sialorrhea (4–9%) [5]
Gastritis (4%) Central Nervous System Xerostomia (5%) [7]
Nausea (6–13%) Agitation (<2%)
Vomiting (3–8%) Cardiovascular
Fever (<2%) Arrhythmias [2]
Endocrine/Metabolic Headache [2] Hypertension [3]
ALT increased (6%) Hypokinesia (<2%) QT prolongation [2]
AST increased (3%) Insomnia [2]
Creatine phosphokinase increased (4%) Nervousness [3] Central Nervous System
Dehydration (6%) Pain (8%) Agitation (19%) [5]
Paresthesias (<2%) Akathisia (8–13%) [36]
Genitourinary Anxiety (17%) [11]
Urinary tract infection (2%) Somnolence (drowsiness) (<2%)
Tremor (<2%) [3] Compulsions [2]
Renal Dyskinesia [3]
Proteinuria (7%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal Extrapyramidal symptoms [10]
Arthralgia (<2%) Fever (2%)
Hematologic Back pain (6%)
Anemia (3%) Headache (27%) [13]
Leg cramps (4%) Hypersexuality [2]
Febrile neutropenia [3] Neck rigidity (<2%)
Neutropenia (3–6%) [3] Impulse control disorder [4]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Insomnia (18%) [21]
Otic Nausea [2] Irritability [4]
Tinnitus (4%) Mania [2]
Respiratory
Local Bronchitis [3] Neuroleptic malignant syndrome [14]
Infusion-related reactions [2] COPD (exacerbation) [3] Neurotoxicity [2]
Infusion-site pain [2] Dysphonia (<2%) Parkinsonism [11]
Other Dyspnea (4%) Psychosis [2]
Hiccups (11%) [9] Flu-like syndrome (3%) Restlessness [8]
Infection [3] Nasopharyngitis [3] Schizophrenia (exacerbation) [2]
Sinusitis (4%) [2] Sedation [11]
Somnolence (drowsiness) (5–11%) [13]
Genitourinary Stroke [2]
ARFORMOTEROL Cystitis (<2%) Suicidal ideation [6]
Nocturia (<2%) Tardive dyskinesia [8]
Trade name: Brovana (Sunovion) Ocular Tic disorder [2]
Indications: Chronic obstructive pulmonary Glaucoma (<2%) Tremor (3%) [9]
disease including chronic bronchitis and Visual disturbances (<2%) Vertigo (dizziness) [7]
emphysema
Class: Beta-2 adrenergic agonist, Bronchodilator Local Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Half-life: 26 hours Injection-site pain (<2%) Asthenia (fatigue) [5]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Other Ataxia [4]
interactions with: aminophylline, beta blockers, Adverse effects [2] Dystonia [13]
MAO inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants Allergic reactions (<2%) Pisa syndrome [2]
Pregnancy category: C Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Important contra-indications noted in the Constipation (11%) [4]
pediatric patients
ARIPIPRAZOLE Dyspepsia (9%)
Nausea (15%) [12]
Note: Studies in asthma patients showed that Trade names: Abilify (Bristol-Myers Squibb), Vomiting (11%) [5]
long-acting beta2-adrenergic agonists may Aristada (Alkermes) Respiratory
increase the risk of asthma-related death. Indications: Schizophrenia, bipolar I disorder, Cough (3%)
Contra-indicated in patients with asthma without major depressive disorder, irritability associated Nasopharyngitis [2]
use of a long-term asthma control medication. with autistic disorder Upper respiratory tract infection [3]
Warning: ASTHMA-RELATED DEATH Class: Antipsychotic, Mood stabilizer Endocrine/Metabolic
Half-life: 75–94 hours Appetite increased [5]
Skin Clinically important, potentially hazardous Diabetes mellitus [2]
Abscess (<2%) interactions with: alcohol, atazanavir, Galactorrhea [2]
Edema (<2%) carbamazepine, CYP3A4 inhibitors, efavirenz, Hyperprolactinemia [2]
Herpes simplex (<2%) itraconazole, ketoconazole, lopinavir, nelfinavir, SIADH [2]
Herpes zoster (<2%) paroxetine hydrochloride, quinidine Weight gain (2–30%) [31]
Neoplasms (<2%) Pregnancy category: C
Peripheral edema (3%) Important contra-indications noted in the Genitourinary
Pigmentation (<2%) prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; pediatric Priapism [3]
Rash (4%) patients Urinary retention [2]
Xerosis (<2%) Warning: INCREASED MORTALITY IN Vaginitis [2]
Mucosal ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH DEMENTIA- Hematologic
Oral candidiasis (<2%) RELATED PSYCHOSIS Neutropenia [3]
SUICIDALITY AND ANTIDEPRESSANT DRUGS Ocular
Cardiovascular
Arteriosclerosis (<2%) Vision blurred (3–8%)
Atrioventricular block (<2%)
ARIPIPRAZOLE Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Local Fever (25–29%) [6]

Injection-site pain [6] ARNICA Gait instability (<3%)
Other Headache (56%) [9]
Family: Asteraceae; Compositae Hypoesthesia (<3%)
Adverse effects [5] Scientific names: Arnica fulgens, Arnica montana,
Death [3] Insomnia (5%) [2]
Arnica sororia Mood changes (<3%)
Hiccups [3] Indications: Bruising, aches and sprains, insect
Toothache [2] Seizures [2]
bites, superficial phlebitis, diuretic, flavoring Sleep disturbances (22%)
agent, found in hair tonic and shampoo Sleep related disorder [2]
Class: Immunomodulator Tremor (<3%)
ARISTOLOCHIA Half-life: N/A Vertigo (dizziness) (39%) [9]
Family: Aristolochiaceae interactions with: none known Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Scientific names: Aristolochia clematitis, Pregnancy category: N/A Arthralgia (34%)
Aristolochia serpentaria Asthenia (fatigue) (38%) [9]
Indications: Aphrodisiac, anti-allergy, Ataxia (<3%)
Skin Back pain (<3%)
anticonvulsant, promotes menstruation Dermatitis [5]
Class: Immunomodulator Myalgia/Myopathy (32%)
Half-life: N/A Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Abdominal pain (17%) [11]
interactions with: none known ARTEMETHER/ Constipation (<3%)
Pregnancy category: N/A Diarrhea (8%) [11]
Note: Aristolochia has been reported to cause
LUMEFANTRINE Dyspepsia (<3%)
severe kidney damage or ‘Chinese herb Dysphagia (<3%)
Trade name: Coartem (Novartis)
nephropathy’. Eighteen patients developed Gastroenteritis (<3%)
Indications: Acute, uncomplicated malaria
carcinomas of the bladder, ureter and/or renal Hepatomegaly (6–9%)
infections due to Plasmodium falciparum in
pelvis. Nausea [8]
patients of 5kg bodyweight and above
Aristolochia is banned in the European Union and Peptic ulceration (<3%)
Class: Antimalarial
Japan. Vomiting [16]
Half-life: ~2 hours (artemether); 3–6 days
(lumefantrine) Respiratory
Skin Clinically important, potentially hazardous Asthma (<3%)
Carcinoma [2] interactions with: amiodarone, amitriptyline, Bronchitis (<3%)
Toxicity [2] amoxapine, antimalarials, antiretrovirals, arsenic, Cough (6–23%) [2]
Renal astemizole, atazanavir, atovaquone/proguanil, Influenza (<3%)
Nephrotoxicity [9] azithromycin, carbamazepine, ciprofloxacin, Nasopharyngitis (4%)
citalopram, clomipramine, conivaptan, CYP2D6 Pharyngolaryngeal pain (<3%)
substrates, CYP3A4 inducers, inhibitors or Pneumonia (<3%)
substrates, darunavir, dasatinib, degarelix, Rhinitis (4%)
ARMODAFINIL delavirdine, disopyramide, dolasetron, duloxetine, Upper respiratory tract infection (<3%)
flecainide, halofantrine, hormonal contraceptives, Endocrine/Metabolic
Trade name: Nuvigil (Cephalon) imipramine, indinavir, itraconazole, lapatinib,
Indications: Narcolepsy, obstructive sleep ALT increased (<3%)
levofloxacin, levomepromazine, lopinavir, AST increased (<3%)
apnea, shift work sleep disorder mefloquine, moxifloxacin, nelfinavir, norfloxacin,
Class: Eugeroic Hypokalemia (<3%)
ofloxacin, paroxetine hydrochloride, pazopanib,
Half-life: 12–15 hours phenytoin, pimozide, procainamide, quinidine,
Genitourinary
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Hematuria (<3%)
quinine, rifampin, risperidone, sotalol, St John’s
interactions with: cyclosporine Urinary tract infection (<3%)
wort, telavancin, telithromycin, terfenadine,
Pregnancy category: C tipranavir, venlafaxine, voriconazole, vorinostat, Renal
Important contra-indications noted in the ziprasidone, zuclopenthixol Proteinuria (<3%)
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Pregnancy category: C
mothers; pediatric patients Hematologic
Important contra-indications noted in the Anemia (4–9%) [4]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Eosinophilia (<3%)
Central Nervous System pediatric patients Hemolytic anemia [2]
Anxiety [2] Note: Artemether/Lumefantrine tablets should Neutropenia [2]
Headache (14–23%) [10] not be used to treat severe malaria or to prevent Platelets decreased (<3%)
Insomnia (4–6%) [3] malaria.
Vertigo (dizziness) (5%) [2] Otic
Ear infection (<3%)
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Skin Hearing impairment [2]
Diarrhea [3] Abscess (<3%) Tinnitus (<3%)
Nausea [2] Impetigo (<3%)
Inflammation [3] Ocular
Other Conjunctivitis (<3%)
Adverse effects [2] Pruritus (4%) [2]
Rash (3%) [6] Nystagmus (<3%)
Urticaria (<3%) [2] Other
Cardiovascular Adverse effects [3]
Palpitation (18%) [2] Infection (<3%)
Central Nervous System
Agitation (<3%)
Anorexia (40%) [6]
Chills (23%)
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual ASFOTASE ALFA
Respiratory Hypersomnia [2]

ARTEMISIA Cough [4] Hypoesthesia (4–5%) [7]
Hematologic Insomnia (6–15%) [3]
Family: Asteraceae Irritability (2%)
Scientific names: Artemisia annua, Benflumetol, Anemia [5]
Hemolysis [3] Sedation [9]
Co-artemether, Coartem, Riamet (Novartis) Somnolence (drowsiness) (13–24%) [15]
Indications: Fever, multidrug-resistant malaria, Hemolytic anemia [2]
Neutropenia [2] Tardive dyskinesia [2]
parasitemia, leukemia, colon cancer, diarrhea, Vertigo (dizziness) (4–11%) [5]
schistosomiasis, worms, insect bites (topical) Other
Class: Antimalarial Adverse effects [2] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Half-life: 10 hours Arthralgia (3%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Asthenia (fatigue) (3–4%)
Pain in extremities (2%)
Pregnancy category: N/A
ARTICHOKE Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Note: This drug profile only refers to Artemisia Family: Asteraceae; Compositae Abdominal pain [2]
annua, NOT Artemisia absinthium. The latter, the Scientific names: Cynara cardunculus, Cynara Constipation (5%)
main constituent of absinthe, has serious side scolymus Dyspepsia (3–4%)
effects, including seizures, hallucinations, and Indications: Dyspepsia, hyperlipidemia, nausea, Vomiting (5%)
death. hangover, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), liver Endocrine/Metabolic
Derivatives of Artemisia annua are often used in dysfunction, hypoglycemia. Flavoring, sweetener, Appetite increased (2–4%)
combination with piperaquine, or mefloquine in prebiotic Weight gain (3–5%) [12]
treatment of malaria. Benflumetol, Coartem and Class: Antiemetic, Carminative
Co-artemether are a combination of artemether- Other
Half-life: N/A Adverse effects [4]
lumefantrine (see separate profile). Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Skin Pregnancy category: N/A
Pruritus [2] Note: Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus) ASFOTASE ALFA
Rash [2] is a completely different plant.
Trade name: Strensiq (Alexion)
Central Nervous System Indications: Perinatal/infantile-and juvenile-onset
Headache [2] Skin hypophosphatasia
Local Dermatitis [3] Class: Enzyme replacement
Injection-site pain [2] Half-life: 5 days
ASENAPINE interactions with: none known
Pregnancy category: N/A (No available data)
ARTESUNATE Trade name: Saphris (Merck) Important contra-indications noted in the
Trade name: Rtsun (Wiscon) Indications: Schizophrenia, bipolar disorder prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Indications: Plasmodium falciparum malaria Class: Antipsychotic mothers
Class: Antimalarial Half-life: 24 hours
Half-life: 0.5 hours Clinically important, potentially hazardous Skin
Clinically important, potentially hazardous interactions with: alcohol, amiodarone, Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis
interactions with: efavirenz chlorpromazine, CYP2D6 substrates and (<10%)
Pregnancy category: N/A (Use carefully in first inhibitors, fluvoxamine, gatifloxacin, moxifloxacin, Calcification (4%)
three trimesters of pregnancy) paroxetine hydrochloride, procainamide, QT Erythema (<10%)
Note: Artesunate therapy should be combined prolonging drugs, quinidine, sotalol, thioridazine, Flushing (<10%)
with other antimalarials (e.g. mefloquine) if given ziprasidone
Pregnancy category: C Central Nervous System
for less than 5 days. Chills (<10%)
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Fever (<10%)
Skin mothers; pediatric patients Headache (<10%)
Pruritus [4] Warning: INCREASED MORTALITY IN Hypoesthesia (oral) (<10%)
Cardiovascular ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH DEMENTIA- Irritability (<10%)
QT prolongation [2] RELATED PSYCHOSIS Pain (<10%)
Rigors (<10%)
Anorexia [3] Skin Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Extrapyramidal symptoms [3] Peripheral edema (3%) Nausea (<10%)
Fever [3] Vomiting (5%)
Mucosal
Headache [8] Oral numbness [4] Local
Insomnia [2] Salivary hypersecretion (2%) Injection-site bruising (8%)
Vertigo (dizziness) [12] Xerostomia (2–3%) Injection-site edema (13%)
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Injection-site erythema (41%)
Cardiovascular Injection-site hemorrhage (<17%)
Asthenia (fatigue) [6] Hypertension (2–3%) [2]
Myalgia/Myopathy [2] Injection-site induration (13%)
Central Nervous System Injection-site lipoatrophy/lipohypertrophy
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Akathisia (4–6%) [10] (5–8%)
Abdominal pain [5] Anxiety (4%) Injection-site pain (14%)
Diarrhea [6] Depression (2%) [3] Injection-site papules and nodules (3%)
Hepatotoxicity [2] Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (3%) [4] Injection-site pigmentation (15%)
Nausea [6] Extrapyramidal symptoms (6–10%) [11] Injection-site pruritus (13%)
Vomiting [14] Headache (12%) [3] Injection-site reactions (9%)
ASFOTASE ALFA See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Other Epistaxis (nosebleed) [2]

Adverse effects [2] ASPIRIN Nasal polyp [4]
Oral mucosal eruption [3]
Synonyms: acetylsalicylic acid; ASA Oral ulceration [4]
Trade names: Aggrenox (Boehringer Ingelheim),
ASPARAGINASE Anacin (Wyeth), Ascriptin (Novartis) (Wallace), Central Nervous System
Darvon Compound (aaiPharma), Durlaza (New Stroke [2]
Synonym: L-asparaginase Haven), Ecotrin (GSK), Equagesic (Women First), Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Trade names: Elspar (Merck), Kidrolase (EUSA Excedrin (Bristol-Myers Squibb), Fiorinal Black stools [3]
Pharma) (Watson), Norgesic (3M), Soma Compound Gastritis [2]
Indications: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, (MedPointe), Talwin Compound (Sanofi-Aventis), Gastrointestinal bleeding [8]
lymphoma Yosprala (Aralez) Gastrointestinal ulceration [7]
Class: Antineoplastic, Enzyme Indications: Pain, fever, inflammation Hepatotoxicity [4]
Half-life: 8–30 hours (intravenous); 34–49 hours Class: Antiplatelet, Non-steroidal anti- Pancreatitis [2]
(intramuscular) inflammatory (NSAID), Salicylate
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Respiratory
Half-life: 15–20 minutes Asthma [10]
interactions with: none known Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Pregnancy category: C Pulmonary toxicity [2]
interactions with: acemetacin, acenocoumarol, Rhinitis [3]
Important contra-indications noted in the amitriptyline, anagrelide, anticoagulants, azficel-t,
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers Sinusitis [2]
bismuth, calcium hydroxylapatite, capsicum,
celecoxib, cholestyramine, cilazapril, citalopram, Renal
Skin desvenlafaxine, devil’s claw, dexamethasone, Fanconi syndrome [2]
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis (3– dexibuprofen, dichlorphenamide, diclofenac, Hematologic
40%) [4] dicumarol, duloxetine, enoxaparin, etodolac, Bleeding [15]
Angioedema [3] evening primrose, flunisolide, flurbiprofen, ginkgo Otic
Hypersensitivity (6–40%) [16] biloba, ginseng, heparin, ibuprofen, iloprost, Tinnitus [17]
Toxic epidermal necrolysis [2] indomethacin, ketoprofen, ketorolac,
Toxicity [2] lumiracoxib, meloxicam, methotrexate, methyl Ocular
Urticaria (<15%) [5] salicylate, methylprednisolone, milnacipran, Periorbital edema [3]
Mucosal nilutamide, NSAIDs, paroxetine hydrochloride, Other
Aphthous stomatitis (<10%) phellodendron, piroxicam, prednisone, Adverse effects [9]
Oral lesions (26%) resveratrol, reteplase, rivaroxaban, sermorelin, Allergic reactions [2]
Stomatitis (<10%) sulfites, tinzaparin, tirofiban, tolmetin,
triamcinolone, urokinase, valdecoxib, valproic
Central Nervous System acid, venlafaxine, verapamil, vilazodone, warfarin,
Chills (>10%) zafirlukast
ASTRAGALUS ROOT
Coma (25%) Pregnancy category: D
Depression (>10%) Family: Fabaceae; Leguminosae
Important contra-indications noted in the Scientific names: Astragalus membranaceus,
Encephalopathy [2] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Fever (>10%) Astragalus mongholicus
pediatric patients Indications: Arrhythmia, colds, upper
Leukoencephalopathy [3] Note: NSAIDs may cause an increased risk of
Neurotoxicity [4] respiratory infections, chronic fatigue syndrome,
serious cardiovascular and gastrointestinal colitis, diabetes, hepatitis, hypotension, herpes
Seizures (10–60%) [2] adverse events, which can be fatal. This risk may
Somnolence (drowsiness) (>10%) simplex keratitis
increase with duration of use. Class: Antioxidant, Immune stimulant,
Stroke [2] Aggrenox is aspirin and dipyridamole; Yosprala is Vasodilator
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic aspirin and omeprazole. Half-life: N/A
Abdominal pain (70%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Hepatotoxicity [3] Skin interactions with: none known
Pancreatitis (15%) [23] Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis Pregnancy category: N/A
Vomiting (50–60%) (<10%) [8]
Endocrine/Metabolic Angioedema (<5%) [32]
Bullous dermatitis [4]
Hyperglycemia [2]
Hyperlipidemia [2] Erythema multiforme [9]
ATAZANAVIR
Hypertriglyceridemia [4] Erythema nodosum [9] Trade names: Evotaz (Bristol-Myers Squibb),
Genitourinary Erythroderma [2] Reyataz (Bristol-Myers Squibb)
Azotemia (66%) Exanthems [11] Indications: HIV infection
Fixed eruption [22] Class: Antiretroviral, HIV-1 protease inhibitor
Hematologic Hypersensitivity [5]
Sepsis [2] Half-life: 7 hours
Lichenoid eruption [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Thrombosis [9] Pityriasis rosea [3] interactions with: abiraterone, alfuzosin,
Other Pruritus [6] amiodarone, antacids, aripiprazole, artemether/
Adverse effects [2] Psoriasis [3] lumefantrine, atorvastatin, avanafil, bepridil,
Allergic reactions (15–35%) [2] Purpura [8] bosentan, buprenorphine, cabazitaxel,
Rash (<10%) cabozantinib, calcifediol, cisapride,
Stevens-Johnson syndrome [6] clarithromycin, colchicine, crizotinib,
Toxic epidermal necrolysis [9] cyclosporine, darifenacin, dasatinib,
Urticaria (<10%) [72] dexlansoprazole, diltiazem, dofetilide, efavirenz,
Vasculitis [2] elbasvir & grazoprevir, eluxadoline, ergot
Mucosal derivatives, erlotinib, estrogens, etravirine,
Aphthous stomatitis [3] everolimus, famotidine, felodipine, fentanyl,
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual ATEZOLIZUMAB
fesoterodine, flibanserin, fluticasone propionate, Other Respiratory

garlic, glecaprevir & pibrentasvir, indinavir, Adverse effects [5] Dyspnea (6%)
irinotecan, itraconazole, ixabepilone, Infection (~50%) Wheezing (3%)
ketoconazole, lapatinib, lidocaine, lopinavir, Other
lovastatin, maraviroc, marihuana, midazolam, Adverse effects [5]
mifepristone, naldemedine, nevirapine,
nicardipine, nifedipine, olaparib, ombitasvir/
ATENOLOL
paritaprevir/ritonavir, omeprazole, oral
contraceptives, paclitaxel, pantoprazole,
Trade names: Beta-Adalat (Bayer), Kalten (BPC),
Tenif (AstraZeneca), Tenoret 50 (AstraZeneca),
ATEZOLIZUMAB
pazopanib, pimozide, posaconazole, proton- Tenoretic (AstraZeneca), Tenormin
pump inhibitors, quetiapine, quinidine, quinine, Trade name: Tecentriq (Genentech)
(AstraZeneca) Indications: Locally advanced or metastatic
rabeprazole, raltegravir, ranolazine, rifabutin, Indications: Angina, hypertension, acute
rifampin, rilpivirine, ritonavir, rivaroxaban, urothelial carcinoma in patients having disease
myocardial infarction progression following platinum-containing
romidepsin, rosuvastatin, salmeterol, saquinavir, Class: Antiarrhythmic class II, Beta adrenergic
sildenafil, simeprevir, simvastatin, sirolimus, chemotherapy
blocker, Beta blocker Class: Monoclonal antibody, Programmed death-
sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/voxilaprevir, solifenacin, Half-life: 6–7 hours (adults)
sonidegib, St John’s wort, sunitinib, tacrolimus, ligand (PD-L1) inhibitor
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Half-life: 27 days
tadalafil, telaprevir, telithromycin, temsirolimus, interactions with: alfuzosin, calcium channel
tenofovir disoproxil, ticagrelor, tipranavir, Clinically important, potentially hazardous
blockers, cisplatin, clonidine, digitalis glycosides, interactions with: none known
trazodone, triazolam, tricyclic antidepressants, diltiazem, disopyramide, epinephrine,
vardenafil, vemurafenib, verapamil, voriconazole, Pregnancy category: N/A (Can cause fetal
indomethacin, reserpine, verapamil harm)
warfarin Pregnancy category: D
Pregnancy category: B Important contra-indications noted in the
Important contra-indications noted in the prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Important contra-indications noted in the prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing pediatric patients
mothers; pediatric patients
mothers; pediatric patients Note: Contra-indicated in patients with sinus
Note: Evotaz is atazanavir and cobicistat. bradycardia, heart block greater than first degree, Skin
cardiogenic shock, or overt cardiac failure. Beta- Peripheral edema (18%)
Skin Adalat and Tenif are atenolol and nifedipine. Pruritus (13%) [3]
Jaundice (5–7%) [11] Kalten, Tenoret 50 and Tenoretic are atenolol and Rash (15%) [5]
Rash (3–20%) [7] chlorthalidone. Chlorthalidone is a sulfonamide Cardiovascular
Cardiovascular and can be absorbed systemically. Sulfonamides Venous thromboembolism (>2%)
QT prolongation [2] can produce severe, possibly fatal, reactions such Central Nervous System
Torsades de pointes [2] as toxic epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson Fever (21%) [2]
syndrome.
Central Nervous System Warning: CESSATION OF THERAPY Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Depression (2%) Arthralgia (14%) [2]
Fever (2%) Asthenia (fatigue) (52%) [8]
Headache (<6%) [3] Skin Back pain (15%)
Insomnia (3%) Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [2] Neck pain (15%)
Neurotoxicity [2] Lupus erythematosus [2]
Necrosis [3] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Pain (3%)
Pruritus (<5%) Abdominal pain (17%)
Vertigo (dizziness) (3%)
Psoriasis [7] Colitis [5]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Raynaud’s phenomenon [2] Constipation (21%) [2]
Asthenia (fatigue) (2%) Urticaria [2] Diarrhea (18%) [3]
Back pain (2%) Gastric obstruction (>2%)
Myalgia/Myopathy (4%) Cardiovascular Hepatitis [2]
Atrial fibrillation (5%) [2] Nausea (25%) [5]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Atrial flutter (2%)
Abdominal pain (4%) Vomiting (17%)
Bradycardia (3–18%) [8]
Cholelithiasis (gallstones) [4] Cardiac arrest (2%) Respiratory
Diarrhea (2%) [3] Cardiac failure (19%) Cough (14%)
Hepatotoxicity [3] Heart block (5%) Dyspnea (16%) [3]
Nausea (6–14%) [4] Hypotension (25%) [2] Hypoxia [2]
Vomiting (3–4%) Postural hypotension (12%) Pneumonia (>2%) [2]
Respiratory Supraventricular tachycardia (12%) Pneumonitis (3%) [3]
Upper respiratory tract infection [2] Ventricular tachycardia (16%) Endocrine/Metabolic
Endocrine/Metabolic Central Nervous System ALP increased (4%)
ALT increased (3%) Depression (12%) ALT increased (2%) [3]
AST increased (3%) Somnolence (drowsiness) (2%) Appetite decreased (26%) [5]
Creatine phosphokinase increased (8%) Stroke [2] AST increased (2%) [5]
Hyperbilirubinemia [7] Syncope [2] Dehydration (>2%)
Vertigo (dizziness) (15%) Diabetes mellitus [2]
Genitourinary Hyperglycemia (5%)
Urolithiasis [4] Neuromuscular/Skeletal Hyperthyroidism (2%)
Renal Asthenia (fatigue) (26%) Hyponatremia (10%) [2]
Nephrolithiasis [5] Leg pain (3%) Hypothyroidism (6%) [2]
Nephrotoxicity [7] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Serum creatinine increased (3%)
Hematologic Diarrhea (3%) Genitourinary
Neutropenia (5%) Nausea (3%) Hematuria (14%)
ATEZOLIZUMAB Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Urinary tract infection (22%) Vomiting [10] Toxic epidermal necrolysis [2]
Renal Endocrine/Metabolic Toxicity [2]
Nephrotoxicity (>2%) Appetite decreased [27] Ulcerations (<2%)
Weight loss [5] Urticaria (<2%)
Hematologic Xerosis (<2%)
Anemia (8%) [2] Genitourinary
Lymphopenia (10%) Erectile dysfunction [4] Hair
Sepsis (>2%) Urinary hesitancy [2] Alopecia (<2%)
Local Other Mucosal
Infusion-related reactions (3%) Adverse effects [10] Cheilitis (<2%)
Bruxism [2] Glossitis (<2%)
Other Oral ulceration (<2%)
Adverse effects [5] Stomatitis (<2%)
Infection (38%)
ATORVASTATIN Cardiovascular
Hypotension [2]
ATOMOXETINE Trade names: Caduet (Pfizer), Lipitor (Pfizer), Central Nervous System
Liptruzet (Merck Sharpe & Dohme) Ageusia (taste loss) (<2%)
Trade name: Strattera (Lilly) Indications: Hypercholesterolemia Cognitive impairment [2]
Indications: Attention deficit hyperactivity Class: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, Statin Depression [3]
disorder Half-life: 14 hours Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (<2%)
Class: Norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor Clinically important, potentially hazardous Headache [4]
Half-life: 5 hours interactions with: alcohol, aliskiren, Neurotoxicity [2]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous amiodarone, amprenavir, antifungals, atazanavir, Paresthesias (<2%)
interactions with: albuterol, amitriptyline, azithromycin, bexarotene, boceprevir, bosentan, Parosmia (<2%)
cinacalcet, citalopram, delavirdine, droperidol, ciprofibrate, clarithromycin, clopidogrel, Neuromuscular/Skeletal
duloxetine, levalbuterol, levomepromazine, cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir Arthralgia (4–12%)
linezolid, lisdexamfetamine, MAO inhibitors, alafenamide, cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/ Asthenia (fatigue) [5]
moxifloxacin, paroxetine hydrochloride, sotalol, tenofovir disoproxil, colchicine, conivaptan, Back pain [3]
terbinafine, terbutaline, tipranavir, venlafaxine, cyclosporine, CYP3A4 inhibitors, dabigatran, Muscle spasm [2]
zuclopenthixol danazol, daptomycin, darunavir, dasatinib, Myalgia/Myopathy (3–8%) [30]
Pregnancy category: C delavirdine, digoxin, diltiazem, dronedarone, Pain in extremities (6%)
Important contra-indications noted in the efavirenz, elbasvir & grazoprevir, eltrombopag, Rhabdomyolysis [41]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; erythromycin, estradiol, etravirine, everolimus, Tendinopathy/Tendon rupture [2]
pediatric patients fenofibrate, fenofibric acid, fibrates, fluconazole,
fosamprenavir, fusidic acid, gemfibrozil, Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Warning: SUICIDAL IDEATION IN CHILDREN Cholelithiasis (gallstones) [2]
AND ADOLESCENTS glecaprevir & pibrentasvir, grapefruit juice,
imatinib, imidazoles, indinavir, itraconazole, Diarrhea (5–14%)
letermovir, liraglutide, lopinavir, macrolide Hepatitis [2]
Skin antibiotics, midazolam, nefazodone, nelfinavir, Hepatotoxicity [11]
Pruritus (>2%) niacin, niacinamide, norethisterone, oral Nausea (4–7%)
Mucosal contraceptives, P-glycoprotein inhibitors, Pancreatitis [8]
Xerostomia (>5%) [9] posaconazole, protease inhibitors, quinine, red Respiratory
Cardiovascular rice yeast, rifampin, ritonavir, rivaroxaban, Nasopharyngitis (4–13%)
Cardiotoxicity [3] saquinavir, silodosin, St John’s wort, telaprevir, Endocrine/Metabolic
Tachycardia [2] telithromycin, tipranavir, topotecan, trabectedin,
ALT increased [3]
verapamil, voriconazole, warfarin
Central Nervous System Creatine phosphokinase increased [5]
Aggression [3] Diabetes mellitus [2]
Anorexia [5] Gynecomastia (<2%)
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Depression (>2%) [3] mothers; pediatric patients Genitourinary
Headache [9] Note: Caduet is atorvastatin and amlodipine; Urinary tract infection (4–8%)
Hypomania [2] Liptruzet is atorvastatin and ezetimibe. Renal
Insomnia [7] Nephrotoxicity [3]
Irritability [8]
Mania [2] Skin Otic
Mood changes [5] Acneform eruption (<2%) Hearing loss [2]
Nervousness [3] Angioedema [2]
Other
Somnolence (drowsiness) [11] Dermatitis (<2%)
Suicidal ideation [6] Dermatomyositis [4]
Allergic reactions (<2%)
Tic disorder [7] Diaphoresis (<2%)
Death [6]
Tremor (>2%) [2] Ecchymoses (<2%)
Multiorgan failure [2]
Vertigo (dizziness) (>5%) [10] Eczema (<2%)
Edema (<2%)
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Facial edema (<2%)
Asthenia (fatigue) [11] Jaundice [2]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Lupus erythematosus [2]
Abdominal pain [12] Petechiae (<2%)
Constipation [2] Photosensitivity (<2%)
Dyspepsia [3] Pruritus (<2%)
Hepatotoxicity [12] Rash (>3%) [2]
Nausea [18] Seborrhea (<2%)
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual AVELUMAB
Photosensitivity (<10%) Sinusitis (<2%) [2]

ATOVAQUONE/ Mucosal Upper respiratory tract infection (<3%)
PROGUANIL Xerostomia (>10%) [4] Other
Trade name: Malarone (GSK) Arrhythmias [2]
Indications: Malaria prophylaxis and treatment Atrial fibrillation [2]
Class: Antimalarial Bradycardia [3] AVATROMBOPAG *
Half-life: 24 hours Tachycardia [5]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Trade name: Doptelet (Akarx Inc)
interactions with: artemether/lumefantrine, Indications: treatment of thrombocytopenia in
Confusion [2]
dapsone, etoposide, hypoglycemic agents, adult patients with chronic liver disease who are
indinavir, metoclopramide, phenothiazines, Ocular scheduled to undergo a procedure
rifabutin, rifampin, ritonavir, tetracycline, typhoid Amblyopia [5] Class: Thrombopoietin receptor (TPO) agonist
vaccine Hallucinations, visual [3] Half-life: ~19 hours
Pregnancy category: C Periocular dermatitis [3] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Important contra-indications noted in the Local interactions with: none known
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Injection-site irritation (>10%) Pregnancy category: N/A (may cause fetal
mothers harm)
Other
Skin prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers
Central anticholinergic syndrome [2]
Pruritus (<10%) Skin
Mucosal
Oral ulceration (6%) [3]
AVANAFIL
Central Nervous System Trade name: Stendra (Vivus) Fever (10%)
Abnormal dreams (7%) Indications: Erectile dysfunction Headache (6%) [3]
Anorexia (5%) Class: Phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitor Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Headache (10%) [4] Half-life: 5 hours Asthenia (fatigue) (4%) [2]
Insomnia (3%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
interactions with: alcohol, alpha blockers, Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Vertigo (dizziness) (5%) [3]
amprenavir, antihypertensives, aprepitant, Abdominal pain (7%)
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Nausea (7%)
atazanavir, clarithromycin, diltiazem,
Asthenia (fatigue) (8%)
erythromycin, fluconazole, fosamprenavir,
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic indinavir, itraconazole, ketoconazole, nefazodone,
Abdominal pain (17%) [5] nelfinavir, nitrates, ritonavir, saquinavir, strong AVELUMAB
Diarrhea (8%) CYP3A4 inhibitors, telithromycin, verapamil
Dyspepsia (2%) Pregnancy category: C (Not indicated for use in Trade name: Bavencio (Merck Serono)
Gastritis (3%) women) Indications: Metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma
Hepatotoxicity [2] Important contra-indications noted in the Class: Monoclonal antibody, Programmed death-
Nausea (12%) prescribing guidelines for: pediatric patients ligand (PD-L1) inhibitor
Vomiting (12%) [2] Note: Contra-indicated in patients using any form Half-life: 6 days
Respiratory of nitrates. Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Cough [3] interactions with: none known
Skin Pregnancy category: N/A (Can cause fetal
Ocular harm)
Vision impaired (2%) Facial flushing [2]
Flushing (3–10%) [11] Important contra-indications noted in the
Other Rash (<2%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Adverse effects [3] pediatric patients
Mucosal
Nasal congestion (<3%) [7]
Skin
ATROPINE SULFATE Cardiovascular Peripheral edema (20%)
Hypertension (<2%) Pruritus (10%)
Trade name: Lomotil (Pfizer) Central Nervous System Rash (22%)
Indications: Salivation, sinus bradycardia, uveitis, Headache (5–12%) [10] Cardiovascular
peptic ulcer Vertigo (dizziness) (<2%) [3] Hypertension (13%)
Class: Muscarinic antagonist
Arthralgia (<2%) Headache (10%)
Asthenia (fatigue) [2] Vertigo (dizziness) (14%)
interactions with: anticholinergics,
Back pain (<3%) [3]
zuclopenthixol Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Pregnancy category: C Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Arthralgia (16%)
Note: Many of the trade name drugs for atropine Constipation (<2%) Asthenia (fatigue) (50%) [4]
sulfate contain phenobarbital, scopolamine, Diarrhea (<2%) Bone or joint pain (32%)
hyoscyamine, hydrocodone, methenamine, etc. Dyspepsia (<2%) [5]
Nausea (<2%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Abdominal pain (16%)
Skin Respiratory Colitis (2%)
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [3] Bronchitis (<2%) Constipation (17%)
Dermatitis [3] Influenza (<2%) Diarrhea (23%)
Erythema multiforme [2] Nasopharyngitis (<5%) [5] Nausea (22%) [2]
AVELUMAB See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Vomiting (13%) Dyspepsia (10%) Pruritus (12%)

Respiratory Gastrointestinal disorder [3] Pyoderma gangrenosum (<5%) [2]
Cough (18%) Nausea (32%) [10] Rash (10–14%) [4]
Dyspnea (11%) Vomiting (24%) [6] Sweet’s syndrome [5]
Respiratory Toxicity [2]
Endocrine/Metabolic Urticaria (6%)
ALT increased (20%) Cough (15%) [2]
Dysphonia (>20%) [12] Xerosis (5%)
Appetite decreased (20%)
AST increased (34%) [2] Dyspnea (15%) [4] Mucosal
Creatine phosphokinase increased [3] Endocrine/Metabolic Gingival bleeding (10%)
Hyperamylasemia (8%) ALT increased (22%) [3] Oral bleeding (5%)
Hyperbilirubinemia (6%) Appetite decreased (34%) [7] Stomatitis (8%)
Hyperglycemia (>10%) AST increased [2] Tongue ulceration (5%)
Thyroid dysfunction (6%) Dehydration [2] Cardiovascular
Weight loss (15%) Hyperthyroidism [2] Arrhythmias [2]
Hematologic Hyponatremia [2] Atrial fibrillation (<5%)
Anemia (35%) Hypothyroidism (19%) [8] Cardiac failure (<5%)
Hyperlipasemia (14%) Serum creatinine increased [2] Cardiomyopathy (<5%)
Lymphopenia (49%) Thyroid dysfunction [2] Cardiotoxicity [3]
Neutropenia (6%) Weight loss (25%) [3] Chest pain (5–16%) [4]
Thrombocytopenia (27%) Renal Congestive heart failure (<5%)
Proteinuria (11%) [5] Hypertension (9%)
Local Hypotension (7%) [2]
Infusion-related reactions (22%) [4] Hematologic Orthostatic hypotension (<5%)
Other Anemia [2] QT prolongation [2]
Death [2] Hemorrhage (16%) Tachycardia [3]
Neutropenia [2]
Thrombotic complications (3%) Central Nervous System
Anorexia (21%)
AXITINIB Other Anxiety (5–13%)
Adverse effects [4] Cerebral hemorrhage (<5%)
Trade name: Inlyta (Pfizer) Death [2] Depression (12%)
Indications: Advanced renal cell carcinoma (after Fever (30–52%) [4]
failure of one prior systemic therapy) Headache (22%)
Class: Tyrosine kinase inhibitor AZACITIDINE Insomnia (9–11%)
Half-life: 2–6 hours Intracranial hemorrhage (<5%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Trade name: Vidaza (Celgene) Pain (11%)
interactions with: ketoconazole, rifampin Indications: Myelodysplastic syndromes, Seizures (<5%)
Pregnancy category: D refractory anemia Syncope [2]
Important contra-indications noted in the Class: Antimetabolite, Antineoplastic, Cytosine Vertigo (dizziness) (19%)
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; analog Neuromuscular/Skeletal
pediatric patients Half-life: 40–56 minutes Arthralgia (22%) [2]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Asthenia (fatigue) (7–36%) [5]
Skin interactions with: BCG vaccine, denosumab, Back pain (19%)
Erythema (2%) echinacea, leflunomide, natalizumab, Bone or joint pain (<5%)
Hand–foot syndrome (27%) [18] pimecrolimus, sipuleucel-T, tacrolimus, Myalgia/Myopathy (16%)
Pruritus (7%) trastuzumab, vaccines Neck pain (<5%)
Rash (13%) [3] Pregnancy category: D
Important contra-indications noted in the Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Xerosis (10%) Abdominal pain (12–13%)
Hair pediatric patients Black stools (<5%)
Alopecia (4%) [2] Note: Contra-indicated in patients with advanced Cholecystitis (<5%)
Mucosal malignant hepatic tumors. Constipation (34–50%) [4]
Mucosal inflammation (15%) [2] Diarrhea (36%) [4]
Stomatitis (15%) Dyspepsia (6%)
Skin Dysphagia (5%)
Cardiovascular Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis (<5%) Gastrointestinal bleeding (<5%)
Hypertension (40%) [37] Cellulitis (8%) Loose stools (6%)
Central Nervous System Diaphoresis (11%) Nausea (48–71%) [7]
Anorexia [5] Ecchymoses (31%) Vomiting (27–54%) [4]
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (11%) Edema (14%)
Erythema (7–17%) Respiratory
Headache (14%) [4] Cough (30%)
Leukoencephalopathy [2] Hematoma (9%)
Herpes simplex (9%) Dyspnea (14–29%) [2]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Hypersensitivity (<5%) Hemoptysis (<5%)
Arthralgia (15%) [2] Induration (<5%) Nasopharyngitis (15%)
Asthenia (fatigue) (39%) [28] Lymphoproliferative disease [2] Pharyngolaryngeal pain (6%)
Pain in extremities (13%) Neoplasms (<5%) Pneumonia (11%) [2]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Nodular eruption (5%) Pneumonitis (<5%) [2]
Pallor (16%) Pulmonary toxicity [2]
Peripheral edema (19%) Respiratory distress (<5%)
Constipation (20%) [2]
Petechiae (11–24%) Rhinitis (6%)
Diarrhea (55%) [25]
Upper respiratory tract infection (9–13%)
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual AZITHROMYCIN
Endocrine/Metabolic developing lymphoma and other malignancies, Leukopenia [13]

Dehydration (<5%) particularly of the skin. Myelosuppression [3]
Hypokalemia (6%) Warning: MALIGNANCY Myelotoxicity [5]
Weight loss (8%) Neutropenia [2]
Genitourinary Skin Pancytopenia [5]
Hematuria (6%) Acanthosis nigricans [2] Pure red cell aplasia [2]
Urinary tract infection (9%) Acneform eruption [2] Thrombocytopenia [6]
Renal AGEP [2] Other
Renal failure (<5%) Angioedema [2] Adverse effects [9]
Basal cell carcinoma [2] Allergic reactions [5]
Hematologic Carcinoma [3] Death [2]
Agranulocytosis (<5%) Dermatitis [4] Infection [9]
Anemia (51–70%) [4] Erythema gyratum repens [2]
Bleeding [3] Erythema multiforme [2]
Bone marrow suppression (<5%)
Cytopenia [4]
Erythema nodosum [4]
Exanthems [10]
AZITHROMYCIN
Febrile neutropenia (14–16%) [7] Herpes simplex [3] Trade names: AzaSite (Merck), Zithromax
Leukopenia (18–48%) Herpes zoster [8] (Pfizer)
Myelosuppression [3] Hypersensitivity [29] Indications: Infections of the upper and lower
Neutropenia (32–66%) [9] Kaposi’s sarcoma [14] respiratory tract, skin infections, sexually
Pancytopenia (<5%) Lymphoproliferative disease [4] transmitted diseases, conjunctivitis (ophthalmic
Splenomegaly (<5%) Malignancies [2] preparations only)
Thrombocytopenia (66–70%) [6] Neoplasms [2] Class: Antibacterial, Antibiotic, macrolide
Ocular Neutrophilic dermatosis [4] Half-life: 68 hours
Ocular hemorrhage (<5%) Nevi [3] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Pellagra [2] interactions with: aminophylline, antacids,
Local
Porokeratosis [4] artemether/lumefantrine, astemizole,
Injection-site bruising (5–14%)
Rash (<10%) [10] atorvastatin, betrixaban, bromocriptine,
Injection-site edema (5%)
Scabies [5] cabergoline, colchicine, coumarins, cyclosporine,
Injection-site erythema (35–43%)
Squamous cell carcinoma [11] digoxin, droperidol, ergotamine, fluvastatin,
Injection-site hematoma (6%)
Sweet’s syndrome [12] lovastatin, methysergide, mizolastine, oral typhoid
Injection-site pain (19–23%)
Tinea [3] vaccine, pimozide, pravastatin, quetiapine,
Injection-site pigmentation (5%)
Toxicity [3] reboxetine, rifabutin, ritonavir, simvastatin,
Injection-site pruritus (7%)
Tumors [8] venetoclax, warfarin
Injection-site purpura (14%)
Urticaria [5] Pregnancy category: B
Injection-site reactions (14–29%) [7]
Vasculitis [5] Important contra-indications noted in the
Other Verrucae [3] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Adverse effects [5]
Hair pediatric patients
Death [4]
Alopecia [10] Note: AzaSite is for topical ophthalmic use only
Infection (<5%) [9]
Nails (for reactions see [Ophth] below).
Onychomycosis [2]
Skin
AZATHIOPRINE Mucosal
AGEP [3]
Oral ulceration [2]
Trade names: Azasan (aaiPharma), Imuran Cardiovascular Churg-Strauss syndrome [2]
(Prometheus) Atrial fibrillation [3] DRESS syndrome [4]
Indications: Lupus nephritis, psoriatic arthritis,
Central Nervous System Erythema [2]
rheumatoid arthritis, autoimmune diseases, as an
Chills (>10%) Exanthems [3]
adjunct for the prevention of rejection in kidney
Encephalopathy [2] Hypersensitivity [3]
transplant patients
Fever [7] Jarisch–Herxheimer reaction [2]
Class: Antimetabolite, Disease-modifying
Headache [3] Pruritus [3]
antirheumatic drug (DMARD),
Leukoencephalopathy [2] Rash [Ophth] (2–10%) [6]
Immunosuppressant, Purine anaolog
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Stevens-Johnson syndrome [9]
Half-life: 12 minutes
Arthralgia [4] Urticaria [Ophth] [2]
interactions with: allopurinol, aminosalicylates, Asthenia (fatigue) [7] Cardiovascular
balsalazide, benazepril, captopril, chlorambucil, Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Bradycardia [2]
co-trimoxazole, cyclophosphamide, cyclosporine, Abdominal pain [2] Cardiotoxicity [8]
enalapril, febuxostat, fosinopril, Hemophilus B Hepatitis [5] QT prolongation [11]
vaccine, imidapril, lisinopril, mesalamine, Hepatotoxicity [28] Torsades de pointes [4]
mycophenolate, natalizumab, olsalazine, quinapril, Nausea [8] Central Nervous System
ramipril, ribavirin, sulfamethoxazole, tofacitinib, Pancreatitis [44] Anorexia (2–10%)
trimethoprim, typhoid vaccine, vaccines, warfarin, Vomiting [4] Headache [3]
yellow fever vaccine Vertigo (dizziness) [2]
Pregnancy category: D Respiratory
Important contra-indications noted in the Flu-like syndrome [2] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Pneumonitis [2] Abdominal pain (2–10%) [4]
pediatric patients Pulmonary toxicity [3] Diarrhea (4–9%) [17]
Note: Patients receiving immunosuppressants, Hematologic Gastrointestinal disorder [3]
including azathioprine, are at increased risk of Bone marrow suppression [5] Hepatotoxicity [7]
Nausea (7%) [8]
AZITHROMYCIN Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Vanishing bile duct syndrome [2] Neuromuscular/Skeletal

Vomiting (2–10%) [5] Asthenia (fatigue) (>10%) [7] BARICITINIB *
Genitourinary Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Trade name: Olumiant (Eli Lilly and Co)
Vaginitis (2–10%) Constipation (<10%) Indications: treatment of adult patients with
Otic Nausea (<10%) moderately to severely active rheumatoid
Hearing loss [4] Genitourinary arthritis who have had an inadequate response to
Tinnitus [2] Polyuria (<10%) one or more TNF antagonist therapies
Ocular Other Class: Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor
Keratitis [2] Infection [2] Half-life: ~12 hours
Side effects (<2%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Local interactions with: none known
Injection-site erythema (2–10%) Pregnancy category: N/A (Insufficient data to
Injection-site pain (2–10%) [3] inform a drug-associated risk for major birth
Other BALSALAZIDE defects or miscarriage)
Adverse effects [14] Warning: SERIOUS INFECTIONS,
Death [2] Trade names: Colazal (Salix), Colazide (Almirall) MALIGNANCY, AND THROMBOSIS
Hiccups [2] Indications: Mild to moderately active ulcerative
Side effects [2] colitis
Class: Aminosalicylate Skin
Half-life: N/A Herpes simplex (1–2%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
BACLOFEN interactions with: azathioprine, cardiac Nausea (3%)
glycosides, folic acid, heparin, low molecular Respiratory
Trade names: Baclofen (Watson), Gablofen weight heparins, mercaptopurine, thiopurine
(Mallinckrodt), Lioresal (Medtronic) Upper respiratory tract infection (15–16%)
analogs, varicella virus-containing vaccines [2]
Indications: Spasticity resulting from multiple Pregnancy category: B
sclerosis Important contra-indications noted in the Endocrine/Metabolic
Class: GABA receptor agonist, Skeletal muscle prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Hypercholesterolemia [2]
relaxant pediatric patients Serum creatinine increased [2]
Half-life: 2.5–4 hours Hematologic
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Neutropenia [2]
interactions with: acebutolol, alcohol, alfuzosin, Skin
amitriptyline, captopril, cilazapril, diclofenac, Hypersensitivity [2] Other
enalapril, fosinopril, irbesartan, levodopa, Mucosal Adverse effects [2]
lisinopril, meloxicam, olmesartan, quinapril, Stomatitis (3%) Death [2]
ramipril, trandolapril Infection [5]
Pregnancy category: C Anorexia (2%)
Important contra-indications noted in the Fever (2–6%)
prescribing guidelines for: pediatric patients Headache (15%) BASILIXIMAB
Note: Children appear to be at higher risk for Insomnia (2%)
complications than adults when using intrathecal Trade name: Simulect (Novartis)
baclofen (ITB). ITB therapy is a safe and effective Neuromuscular/Skeletal Indications: Prophylaxis of organ rejection in
treatment for severe spasticity in the pediatric Arthralgia (4%) renal transplantation
population, but does have a 31% rate of Asthenia (fatigue) (2%) Class: Interleukin-2 receptor antagonist,
complications requiring surgical management Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Monoclonal antibody
over a 3-year treatment period. Abdominal pain (6–13%) Half-life: 7.2 days
Warning: DO NOT DISCONTINUE Colitis (ulcerative, exacerbation) (6%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
ABRUPTLY Diarrhea (5–9%) interactions with: cyclosporine, Hemophilus B
Dyspepsia (2%) vaccine, mycophenolate
Skin Flatulence (2%) Pregnancy category: B
Exanthems [2] Nausea (4%) Important contra-indications noted in the
Rash (<10%) Vomiting (10%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers
Toxicity [2] Respiratory
Cardiovascular Cough (2–3%) Skin
Bradycardia [2] Flu-like syndrome (<4%) Acneform eruption (>10%)
Hypertension [2] Nasopharyngitis (6%) Candidiasis (3–10%)
Hypotension [3] Pharyngitis (2%) Cyst (3–10%)
Pharyngolaryngeal pain (3%) Edema (generalized) (3–10%)
Central Nervous System Rhinitis (2%) Facial edema (3–10%)
Coma [4] Genital edema (3–10%)
Confusion (<10%) Genitourinary
Dysmenorrhea (3%) Hematoma (3–10%)
Dyskinesia [2] Herpes simplex (3–10%)
Encephalopathy [2] Herpes zoster (3–10%)
Hallucinations [4] Peripheral edema (>10%)
Headache (<10%) Pruritus (3–10%)
Insomnia (>10%) [2] Rash (3–10%)
Seizures [11] Ulcerations (3–10%)
Sleep apnea [3] Wound complications (>10%)
Slurred speech (>10%)
Somnolence (drowsiness) (>10%) [7] Hair
Vertigo (dizziness) (>10%) [7] Hypertrichosis (3–10%)
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual BECLOMETHASONE
Mucosal Hypertriglyceridemia (3–10%) Scar [8]

Gingival hyperplasia/hypertrophy (3–10%) Hyperuricemia (>10%) Scrofuloderma [5]
Stomatitis (3–10%) Hypocalcemia (3–10%) Sweet’s syndrome [2]
Ulcerative stomatitis (3–10%) Hypoglycemia (3–10%) Ulcerations [6]
Cardiovascular Hypokalemia (>10%) Vasculitis [2]
Angina (3–10%) Hypophosphatemia (>10%) Mucosal
Arrhythmias (3–10%) Weight gain (3–10%) Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome
Atrial fibrillation (3–10%) Genitourinary (Kawaski syndrom) [2]
Cardiac failure (3–10%) Albuminuria (3–10%) Central Nervous System
Chest pain (3–10%) Dysuria (3–10%) Fever [6]
Hypertension (>10%) Hematuria (3–10%) Neurotoxicity [2]
Hypotension (3–10%) Impotence (3–10%)
Pulmonary edema (3–10%) Oliguria (3–10%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Tachycardia (3–10%) Urinary frequency (3–10%) Arthralgia [7]
Urinary retention (3–10%) Asthenia (fatigue) [4]
Central Nervous System Osteomyelitis [35]
Agitation (3–10%) Urinary tract infection (>10%)
Anxiety (3–10%) Renal Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Depression (3–10%) Renal tubular necrosis (3–10%) Hepatitis [3]
Fever (>10%) Hepatotoxicity [2]
Hematologic
Headache (>10%) Anemia (>10%) Genitourinary
Hypoesthesia (3–10%) Hemorrhage (3–10%) Balanitis [3]
Insomnia (>10%) Leukopenia (3–10%) Bladder disorder [2]
Pain (>10%) Polycythemia (3–10%) Hematuria [2]
Paresthesias (3–10%) Sepsis (3–10%) Hematologic
Rigors (3–10%) Thrombocytopenia (3–10%) Sepsis [3]
Tremor (>10%) Thrombosis (3–10%)
Vertigo (dizziness) (3–10%) Ocular
Ocular Optic neuritis [2]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Abnormal vision (3–10%) Uveitis [4]
Arthralgia (3–10%) Cataract (3–10%)
Asthenia (fatigue) (3–10%) Local
Conjunctivitis (3–10%) Injection-site abscess [3]
Back pain (3–10%)
Cramps (3–10%) Other Injection-site reactions [3]
Fractures (3–10%) Infection (viral) (>10%) Injection-site ulceration [4]
Leg pain (3–10%) Other
Myalgia/Myopathy (3–10%) Adverse effects [4]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic BCG VACCINE Cancer [3]
Abdominal distension (3–10%) Death [14]
Abdominal pain (>10%) Synonym: Bacille Calmette-Guerin Infection [3]
Black stools (3–10%) Trade names: Mycobax (Sanofi-Aventis), TICE Systemic reactions [2]
Constipation (>10%) BCG (Organon)
Diarrhea (>10%) Indications: Immunization against tuberculosis
Class: Vaccine
Dyspepsia (>10%)
Half-life: N/A
BECLOMETHASONE
Esophagitis (3–10%)
Flatulence (3–10%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous Trade names: Beconase AQ (GSK), Qnasl
Gastroenteritis (3–10%) interactions with: alefacept, aminophylline, (Teva), Qvar (3M), Vanceril (Schering)
Gastrointestinal bleeding (3–10%) azacitidine, betamethasone, cabazitaxel, cefazolin, Indications: Allergic rhinitis, asthma
Gastrointestinal disorder (69%) cefixime, ceftaroline fosamil, ceftobiprole, Class: Corticosteroid, inhaled
Hernia (3–10%) ciprofloxacin, demeclocycline, denileukin, Half-life: N/A
Nausea (>10%) docetaxel, doripenem, doxycycline, fingolimod, Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Vomiting (>10%) gefitinib, gemifloxacin, leflunomide, levofloxacin, interactions with: diuretics, estrogens,
monosodium glutamate, moxifloxacin, ofloxacin, ketoconazole, live vaccines, oral contraceptives,
Respiratory oxaliplatin, pazopanib, sulfadiazine, telavancin,
Bronchitis (3–10%) phenytoin, rifampin, warfarin
telithromycin, temsirolimus Pregnancy category: C
Bronchospasm (3–10%) Pregnancy category: C
Cough (3–10%) Important contra-indications noted in the
Dyspnea (>10%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Pharyngitis (3–10%) Skin pediatric patients
Pneumonia (3–10%) Abscess [16]
Rhinitis (3–10%) Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [5] Skin
Sinusitis (3–10%) Churg-Strauss syndrome [15] Bruising [3]
Upper respiratory tract infection (>10%) Dermatitis [2] Candidiasis [2]
Erythema [3]
Endocrine/Metabolic Fixed eruption [2] Mucosal
Acidosis (3–10%) Hypersensitivity [2] Epistaxis (nosebleed) (with nasally-inhaled
Dehydration (3–10%) Keloid [4] formulation) (2%)
Diabetes mellitus (3–10%) Lupus vulgaris [22] Nasal discomfort (5%)
Hypercalcemia (3–10%) Lymphadenitis [9] Oral candidiasis [4]
Hypercholesterolemia (>10%) Lymphadenopathy [92] Central Nervous System
Hyperglycemia (>10%) Papular lesions [6] Headache (2%) [2]
Hyperkalemia (>10%) Sarcoidosis [4]
Hyperlipidemia (3–10%)
BECLOMETHASONE See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Hyperuricemia (5%)

Osteoporosis [5] BELATACEPT Hypocalcemia (13%)
Respiratory Hypokalemia (21%)
Trade name: Nulojix (Bristol-Myers Squibb) Hypomagnesemia (7%)
Upper respiratory tract infection [2] Indications: Prophylaxis of organ rejection in Hypophosphatemia (19%)
Ocular kidney transplantation
Cataract [4] Class: Immunosuppressant, T-cell co-stimulation Genitourinary
Glaucoma [3] blocker Dysuria (11%)
Half-life: 7–10 days Hematuria (16%)
Other Urinary incontinence (<10%)
Adverse effects [10] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
interactions with: live vaccines, mycophenolate Urinary tract infection (37%) [2]
Pregnancy category: C Renal
Important contra-indications noted in the Proteinuria (16%)
BEDAQUILINE prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Renal failure (<10%)
pediatric patients Renal tubular necrosis (9%)
Trade name: Sirturo (Janssen) Note: Contra-indicated in patients without
Indications: Pulmonary multi-drug resistant Hematologic
immunity to Epstein-Barr virus. Anemia (45%)
tuberculosis Warning: POST-TRANSPLANT
Class: Antimycobacterial, Diarylquinoline Dyslipidemia (19%)
LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDER, OTHER Leukopenia (20%)
Half-life: 5.5 months MALIGNANCIES, AND SERIOUS INFECTIONS
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Neutropenia (<10%) [2]
interactions with: ketoconazole, rifabutin, Other
rifampin, rifapentine, strong CYP3A4 inducers or Skin Graft dysfunction (25%)
inhibitors Acneform eruption (8%) Infection (<10%) [7]
Pregnancy category: B Hematoma (<10%)
Important contra-indications noted in the Hyperhidrosis (<10%)
Lymphoproliferative disease (post-
pediatric patients transplant) [7] BELINOSTAT
Warning: INCREASED RISK OF DEATH / QT Malignancies [3]
Peripheral edema (34%) Trade name: Beleodaq (Spectrum)
PROLONGATION Indications: Peripheral T-cell lymphoma
Hair Class: Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor
Skin Alopecia (<10%) Half-life: 1 hour
Rash (8%) Mucosal Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Cardiovascular Aphthous stomatitis (<10%) interactions with: strong UGT1A1 inhibitors
Chest pain (11%) [2] Stomatitis (<10%) Pregnancy category: D
QT prolongation [3] Cardiovascular Important contra-indications noted in the
Atrial fibrillation (<10%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Central Nervous System pediatric patients
Anorexia (9%) Hypertension (32%)
Headache (28%) [3] Hypotension (18%)
Vertigo (dizziness) [2] Central Nervous System Skin
Anxiety (10%) Peripheral edema (20%) [2]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Pruritus (16%)
Arthralgia (33%) [2] Fever (28%)
Guillain–Barré syndrome (<10%) Rash (20%)
Pain in extremities [2]
Headache (21%) Hair
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Insomnia (15%) Alopecia [2]
Hepatotoxicity [2] Tremor (8%)
Nausea (38%) [4] Cardiovascular
Vertigo (dizziness) (9%) Hypotension (10%)
Vomiting [2]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Phlebitis (10%)
Respiratory Arthralgia (17%) QT prolongation (11%) [2]
Hemoptysis (18%) Back pain (13%) Central Nervous System
Endocrine/Metabolic Bone or joint pain (<10%) Anorexia [2]
ALT increased (<10%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Chills (16%)
AST increased (<10%) Abdominal pain (9–19%) Fever (35%) [2]
Hyperuricemia [2] Constipation (33%) Headache (15%) [3]
Otic Diarrhea (39%) Peripheral neuropathy [2]
Hearing loss [2] Nausea (24%) Vertigo (dizziness) (10%) [2]
Other Vomiting (22%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Infection [3] Respiratory Asthenia (fatigue) (37%) [11]
Bronchitis (10%) Myalgia/Myopathy [2]
Cough (24%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Dyspnea (12%) Abdominal pain (11%)
Influenza (11%) Constipation (23%) [5]
Nasopharyngitis (13%) Diarrhea (23%) [6]
Upper respiratory tract infection (15%) Nausea (42%) [10]
Endocrine/Metabolic Vomiting (29%) [10]
Creatine phosphokinase increased (15%) Respiratory
Hypercholesterolemia (11%) Cough (19%)
Hyperglycemia (19%) Dyspnea (22%) [4]
Hyperkalemia (20%) Pneumonia (>2%)
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual BETAXOLOL
Pneumonitis [2] Xerostomia (<2%)

Endocrine/Metabolic
BERGAMOT Cardiovascular
Appetite decreased (15%) Family: Rutaceae Angina (<2%)
Creatine phosphokinase increased (>2%) Scientific name: Citrus aurantium ssp bergamia Arrhythmias (<2%)
Hypokalemia (12%) Indications: Headache, bronchitis, vitiligo, Atrioventricular block (<2%)
Hematologic mycosis fungoides, psoriasis (in conjunction with Bradycardia (6–8%)
Anemia (32%) [5] UVA), insecticide, essential oil in perfumery, Cardiac failure (<2%)
Leukopenia [2] cosmetics, flavoring Chest pain (2–7%)
Lymphopenia [2] Class: Stimulant, mild Hypertension (<2%)
Neutropenia [4] Half-life: N/A Hypotension (<2%)
Thrombocytopenia (16%) [3] Clinically important, potentially hazardous Myocardial infarction (<2%)
Thrombosis [2] interactions with: none known Palpitation (2%)
Pregnancy category: N/A Peripheral ischemia (<2%)
Local
Infusion-site pain (14%) Note: Two distinct species are known by the Central Nervous System
Injection-site reactions [2] common name of bergamot. This profile does not Ageusia (taste loss) (<2%)
refer to Monarda didyma. Amnesia (<2%)
Other Oil of bergamot possesses photosensitive and Anorexia (<2%)
Allergic reactions [2] melanogenic properties because of the presence Confusion (<2%)
Hiccups [2] of furocoumarins, primarily bergapten (5- Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (<2%)
Multiorgan failure (>2%) methoxypsoralen [5-MOP]). Emotional lability (<2%)
Its use is restricted or banned in many countries. Fever (<2%)
Hallucinations (<2%)
BENAZEPRIL Skin Headache (7–15%)
Berloque dermatitis [2] Insomnia (<5%)
Trade names: Lotensin (Novartis), Lotensin Dermatitis [2] Pain (<2%)
HCT (Novartis), Lotrel (Novartis) Photosensitivity [3] Paresthesias (2%)
Indications: Hypertension Phototoxicity [8] Rigors (<2%)
Class: Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) Stupor (<2%)
inhibitor, Antihypertensive, Vasodilator Other Syncope (<2%)
Half-life: 10–11 hours Adverse effects [2] Tremor (<2%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Twitching (<2%)
interactions with: allopurinol, amifostine, Vertigo (dizziness) (5–15%)
amiloride, angiotensin II receptor blockers, BETAXOLOL Neuromuscular/Skeletal
antacids, antidiabetics, antihypertensives, Arthralgia (3%)
azathioprine, cyclosporine, diazoxide, diuretics, Trade names: Betoptic [Ophthalmic] (Alcon), Asthenia (fatigue) (3–10%)
eplerenone, everolimus, gold & gold compounds, Kerlone (Pfizer) Ataxia (<2%)
herbals, lithium, MAO inhibitors, Indications: Open-angle glaucoma, hypertension Bone or joint pain (5%)
methylphenidate, NSAIDs, pentoxifylline, Class: Adrenergic beta-receptor antagonist Leg cramps (<2%)
phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors, potassium salts, Half-life: 14–22 hours Myalgia/Myopathy (3%)
prostacyclin analogues, rituximab, sirolimus, Clinically important, potentially hazardous Neck pain (<2%)
spironolactone, temsirolimus, tizanidine, interactions with: clonidine, verapamil Tendinitis (<2%)
tolvaptan, triamterene, trimethoprim, yohimbine Pregnancy category: C
Pregnancy category: D Important contra-indications noted in the Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Important contra-indications noted in the prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Constipation (<2%)
prescribing guidelines for: pediatric patients pediatric patients Diarrhea (2%)
Note: Lotrel is benazepril and amlodipine. Note: Cutaneous side effects of beta-receptor Dyspepsia (4–5%)
Lotensin-HCT is benazepril and blockers are clinically polymorphous. They Dysphagia (<2%)
hydrochlorothiazide. Hydrochlorothiazide is a apparently appear after several months of Nausea (2–6%)
sulfonamide and can be absorbed systemically. continuous therapy. Vomiting (<2%)
Sulfonamides can produce severe, possibly fatal, Respiratory
reactions such as toxic epidermal necrolysis and Skin Bronchitis (<2%)
Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Cold extremities (2%) Bronchospasm (<2%)
Contra-indicated in patients with a history of Dermatitis [3] Cough (<2%)
angioedema with or without previous ACE Diaphoresis (<2%) Dysphonia (<2%)
inhibitor treatment. Eczema (<2%) Dyspnea (2%)
Warning: FETAL TOXICITY Edema (<2%) Influenza (<2%)
Erythema (<2%) Pharyngitis (2%)
Skin Flushing (<2%) Pneumonia (<2%)
Angioedema [8] Lymphadenopathy (<2%) Sinusitis (<2%)
Peripheral edema [3] Pruritus (<2%) Upper respiratory tract infection (3%)
Central Nervous System Purpura (<2%) Endocrine/Metabolic
Headache (6%) Rash (<2%) [3] Acidosis (<2%)
Vertigo (dizziness) (4%) Hair ALT increased (<2%)
Alopecia (<2%) Appetite increased (<2%)
Respiratory AST increased (<2%)
Cough [10] Hypertrichosis (<2%)
Diabetes mellitus (<2%)
Mucosal Gynecomastia (<2%)
Epistaxis (nosebleed) (<2%) Hypercholesterolemia (<2%)
Oral ulceration (<2%) Hyperglycemia (<2%)
Sialorrhea (<2%) Hyperkalemia (<2%)
BETAXOLOL Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Hyperuricemia (<2%) Central Nervous System Peripheral neuropathy [10]

Hypokalemia (<2%) Headache (2%) Seizures [2]
Libido decreased (<2%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Mastodynia (<2%) Constipation (3%) Arthralgia [2]
Menstrual irregularities (<2%) Diarrhea (2%) Asthenia (fatigue) [39]
Weight gain (<2%) Nausea (2%) Osteonecrosis [5]
Weight loss (<2%)
Endocrine/Metabolic Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Genitourinary Hypokalemia (3%) Abdominal pain [4]
Cystitis (<2%) Colitis [3]
Dysuria (<2%) Genitourinary
Hematuria (2%) Diarrhea [44]
Oliguria (<2%) Gastrointestinal bleeding [5]
Peyronie’s disease (<2%) Urinary tract infection (3%)
Gastrointestinal fistula [3]
Prostatitis (<2%) Hematologic Gastrointestinal perforation [28]
Renal Bleeding (<2%) [4] Hepatotoxicity [4]
Proteinuria (<2%) Nausea [15]
Renal function abnormal (<2%) Vomiting [9]
Hematologic BEVACIZUMAB Respiratory
Anemia (<2%) Hemoptysis [5]
Lymphocytosis (<2%) Trade name: Avastin (Genentech) Pulmonary embolism [5]
Thrombocytopenia (<2%) Indications: Colon cancer Pulmonary toxicity [2]
Thrombosis (<2%) Class: Biologic, Monoclonal antibody, Vascular
endothelial growth factor antagonist Endocrine/Metabolic
Otic Half-life: 20 days ALT increased [3]
Ear pain (<2%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous Creatine phosphokinase increased [2]
Hearing loss (<2%) interactions with: antineoplastics, irinotecan, Hyperglycemia [2]
Tinnitus (<2%) sorafenib, sunitinib Hypokalemia [3]
Ocular Pregnancy category: C Hypomagnesemia [2]
Abnormal vision (<2%) Important contra-indications noted in the Renal
Blepharitis (<2%) prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Nephrotoxicity [2]
Cataract (<2%) mothers; pediatric patients Proteinuria [39]
Conjunctivitis (<2%) Warning: GASTROINTESTINAL Hematologic
Iritis (<2%) PERFORATIONS, SURGERY AND WOUND Anemia [16]
Lacrimation (<2%) HEALING COMPLICATIONS, and Bleeding [13]
Ocular hemorrhage (<2%) HEMORRHAGE Febrile neutropenia [15]
Scotoma (<2%) Hemorrhage [13]
Xerophthalmia (<2%) Skin Hemotoxicity [2]
Other Acneform eruption [6] Leukocytopenia [2]
Allergic reactions (<2%) Hand–foot syndrome [13] Leukopenia [16]
Dipsia (thirst) (<2%) Necrosis [2] Lymphopenia [5]
Rash [17] Neutropenia [49]
Toxicity [9] Thrombocytopenia [24]
Ulcerations [3]
BETRIXABAN Wound complications [8]
Thrombosis [17]
Thrombotic complications [4]
Trade name: Bevyxxa (Portola) Hair Thrombotic microangiopathy [2]
Indications: Prophylaxis of venous Alopecia [5] Ocular
thromboembolism in adult patients hospitalized Nails Hallucinations, visual [2]
for an acute medical illness who are at risk for Paronychia [2] Intraocular pressure increased [3]
thromboembolic complications Iritis [2]
Class: Direct factor Xa inhibitor
Mucosal Ocular adverse effects [2]
Epistaxis (nosebleed) [5] Uveitis [2]
Mucosal inflammation [2]
Mucositis [13] Other
interactions with: amiodarone, anticoagulants, Adverse effects [23]
antiplatelet drugs and thrombolytics,
Oral ulceration [2]
Stomatitis [8] Allergic reactions [3]
azithromycin, clarithromycin, ketoconazole, Death [18]
verapamil Cardiovascular
Cardiac failure [2] Hiccups [2]
Pregnancy category: N/A (Likely to increase Infection [10]
the risk of hemorrhage during pregnancy and Cardiotoxicity [6]
delivery) Hypertension (23–67%) [98]
Important contra-indications noted in the Hypotension (7–15%)
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Thromboembolism (<21%) [15] BEXAROTENE
pediatric patients Venous thromboembolism [7]
Note: Contra-indicated in patients with active Central Nervous System Trade name: Targretin (Eisai)
pathological bleeding. Anorexia [16] Indications: Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma,
Warning: SPINAL/EPIDURAL HEMATOMA Cerebral hemorrhage [6] mycosis fungoides
Headache [6] Class: Antineoplastic, Retinoid
Intracranial hemorrhage [2] Half-life: 7 hours
Mucosal Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Epistaxis (nosebleed) (2%) Leukoencephalopathy [19]
Neurotoxicity [13] interactions with: acitretin, atorvastatin, beta-
Cardiovascular Pain [2] carotene, carboplatin, conivaptan,
Hypertension (2%) dexamethasone, dong quai, gemfibrozil,
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual BIMATOPROST
grapefruit juice, isotretinoin, oral contraceptives, Local

paclitaxel, saxagliptin, St John’s wort, tamoxifen, BEZLOTOXUMAB Injection-site reactions (2–5%)
tetracyclines, tretinoin, vitamin A
Pregnancy category: X Trade name: Zinplava (Merck)
Important contra-indications noted in the Indications: To reduce the recurrence of
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) in patients who BIFIDOBACTERIA
pediatric patients are receiving antibacterial treatment of CDI and
are at high risk for CDI recurrence Family: Actinomycetaceae
Note: Retinoids can cause birth defects, and Scientific names: Bifidobacterium adolescentis,
women should avoid bexarotene when pregnant Class: C. difficile toxin inhibitor, Monoclonal
antibody Bifidobacterium animalis, Bifidobacterium bifidum,
or trying to conceive. Bifidobacterium breve, Bifidobacterium infantis,
Warning: AVOID IN PREGNANCY Half-life: ~19 days
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Bifidobacterium lactis, Bifidobacterium longum
interactions with: none known Indications: Diarrhea, atopic eczema,
Skin Pregnancy category: N/A (No data available) candidiasis, colds and flu, hepatitis,
Acneform eruption (<10%) Important contra-indications noted in the hypercholesterolemia, lactose intolerance,
Bacterial infection (<13%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; ulcerative colitis, pouchitis, irritable bowel
Dermatitis [2] pediatric patients syndrome
Erythema [2] Class: Immunomodulator, Probiotic
Exanthems (<10%) Half-life: N/A
Exfoliative dermatitis (10–28%) Cardiovascular Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Necrosis [2] Cardiac failure (2%) interactions with: none known
Nodular eruption (<10%) Central Nervous System Pregnancy category: N/A
Peripheral edema (13%) Fever (5%) [2] Note: Immune-deficient subjects or those with
Pruritus (20–30%) [5] Headache (4%) [3] mucosal disease may experience serious adverse
Rash (17%) [2] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic effects.
Ulcerations (<10%) Diarrhea [4] Bifidobacterium is often combined with
Vesiculobullous eruption (<10%) Nausea (7%) [4] Lactobacillus, Saccharomyces or Streptococcus
Xerosis (11%) [2] thermophilus.
Local
Hair Infusion-related reactions (10%) [2]
Alopecia (4–11%)
Mucosal BIMATOPROST
Cheilitis (<10%)
Gingivitis (<10%)
BICALUTAMIDE Trade names: Latisse (Allergan), Lumigan
Mucositis [2] (Allergan)
Trade name: Casodex (AstraZeneca) Indications: Reduction of elevated intraocular
Xerostomia (<10%) Indications: Metastatic prostatic carcinoma pressure in open-angle glaucoma or ocular
Central Nervous System Class: Androgen antagonist hypertension, hypotrichosis of the eyelashes
Chills (10%) Half-life: up to 10 days Class: Prostaglandin analog
Hyperesthesia (<10%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous Half-life: 45 minutes
Neuromuscular/Skeletal interactions with: CYP3A4 substrates Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Arthralgia [2] Pregnancy category: X (not indicated for use in interactions with: none known
Asthenia (fatigue) [2] women) Pregnancy category: C
Myalgia/Myopathy (<10%) [2] Important contra-indications noted in the Important contra-indications noted in the
prescribing guidelines for: pediatric patients prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Respiratory
Flu-like syndrome (4–13%) pediatric patients
Skin
Endocrine/Metabolic Diaphoresis (6%)
Hypercholesterolemia [4] Skin
Edema (2–5%) Pigmentation [2]
Hyperlipidemia [4] Hot flashes (49%) [9]
Hypertriglyceridemia [6] Peripheral edema (8%) Hair
Hypothyroidism [6] Pruritus (2–5%) Hirsutism (<5%)
Mastodynia (<10%) Rash (6%) Hypertrichosis [2]
Hematologic Xerosis (2–5%) Central Nervous System
Anemia [4] Hair Headache (<5%)
Leukopenia [4] Alopecia (2–5%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Lymphopenia [2] Asthenia (fatigue) (<5%)
Neutropenia [6] Mucosal
Xerostomia (2–5%) Respiratory
Other Nasopharyngitis [2]
Adverse effects [2] Central Nervous System
Paresthesias (6%) Upper respiratory tract infection (10%)
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Ocular
Asthenia (fatigue) [4] Asthenopia (<10%)
Myalgia/Myopathy (2–5%) Blepharitis (<10%)
Cataract (<10%)
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Choroidal detachment [2]
Constipation [2] Conjunctival edema (<10%)
Hepatotoxicity [4] Conjunctival hemorrhage (<10%)
Endocrine/Metabolic Conjunctival hyperemia (25–45%) [42]
Gynecomastia (38%) [34] Conjunctivitis (<10%)
Mastodynia (39%) [16] Deepening of upper lid sulcus [9]
Eyelashes – hypertrichosis (>10%) [13]
BIMATOPROST See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Eyelashes – pigmentation (<10%) [3] Hematologic

Eyelid erythema (3–10%) [2] Anemia (36%) BISOPROLOL
Eyelid irritation (3–10%) Hemorrhage (19%)
Eyelid pain (3–10%) Leukopenia (13%) Trade names: Cardicor (Merck Serono), Concor
Eyelid pigmentation (3–10%) [6] Lymphopenia (13%) (Merck Serono), Emcor (Merck Serono), Zebeta
Eyelid xerosis (3–10%) Neutropenia (13%) (Barr), Ziac (Barr)
Eyes – adverse effects [2] Indications: Hypertension
Ocular Class: Beta adrenergic blocker, Beta blocker
Foreign body sensation (<10%) Serous retinopathy (20%)
Iris pigmentation (<10%) [4] Half-life: 9–12 hours
Vision impaired (20%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Keratitis [2]
Lacrimation (<10%) interactions with: diltiazem, disopyramide,
Macular edema [2] guanethidine, reserpine, rifampin, verapamil
Ocular adverse effects [10] BISMUTH Pregnancy category: C
Ocular burning (<10%) Important contra-indications noted in the
Ocular discharge (<10%) Trade names: Helidac (Prometheus), Pepto- prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Ocular hyperemia [4] Bismol (Procter & Gamble) pediatric patients
Ocular itching (<10%) Indications: As part of ‘triple therapy’ Note: Ziac is bisoprolol and hydrochlorothiazide.
Ocular pain [2] (antibiotics + bismuth) for eradication of H. Hydrochlorothiazide is a sulfonamide and can be
Ocular pigmentation (<3%) [5] pylori. Bismuth subgallate initiates clotting via absorbed systemically. Sulfonamides can produce
Ocular pruritus (>10%) [5] activation of factor XII, and is used for bleeding severe, possibly fatal, reactions such as toxic
Periorbital pigmentation (<10%) [3] during tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy. BIPP epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson
Photophobia (<10%) impregnated ribbon gauze is used for packing syndrome.
Punctate keratitis (<10%) [2] following ear surgery. Bismuth subsalicylate is in Contra-indicated in patients with cardiogenic
Uveitis [3] OTC products for gastrointestinal complaints and shock, overt cardiac failure, second or third
peptic ulcer disease degree AV block, and marked sinus bradycardia.
Class: Disinfectant, Heavy metal
Half-life: 21–72 days
BINIMETINIB * Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Skin
Edema (3%)
interactions with: aspirin, ciprofloxacin, Peripheral edema (<10%)
Trade name: Mektovi (Array Biopharma Inc) demeclocycline, doxycycline, hypoglycemics,
Indications: in combination with encorafenib, for Rash (<10%)
lomefloxacin, lymecycline, methotrexate, Raynaud’s phenomenon (<10%)
the treatment of patients with unresectable or minocycline, tetracycline, warfarin
metastatic melanoma with a BRAF V600E or Pregnancy category: D (category C in first and Cardiovascular
V600K mutation second trimesters; category D in third trimester) Bradycardia [6]
Class: Kinase inhibitor Hypotension [3]
Half-life: 3.5 hours
Skin Central Nervous System
Dermatitis [2] Headache [2]
Hypersensitivity [2] Hyperesthesia (2%)
Pregnancy category: N/A (can cause fetal harm)
Pigmentation [5] Vertigo (dizziness) [3]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers Pruritus (triple therapy) [2] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Rash [4] Myalgia/Myopathy (<10%)
Skin Mucosal Other
Panniculitis (<10%) Oral pigmentation [3] Adverse effects [4]
Peripheral edema (13%) Stomatitis [4]
Rash (22%) [2] Tongue pigmentation (>10%) [3]
Xerostomia (triple therapy) (41%) BIVALIRUDIN
Cardiovascular
Hypertension (11%) [2] Central Nervous System
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (triple therapy) Trade name: Angiomax (The Medicines
Central Nervous System (46%) [9] Company)
Fever (18%) Encephalopathy [4] Indications: Angioplasty adjunct
Vertigo (dizziness) (15%) Pain (triple therapy) (10%) Class: Thrombin inhibitor
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Tremor [2] Half-life: 25 minutes
Asthenia (fatigue) (43%) Vertigo (dizziness) [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Neuromuscular/Skeletal interactions with: anisindione, dicumarol,
Abdominal pain (28%) Arthralgia [10] heparin, reteplase, streptokinase, tenecteplase,
Colitis (<10%) Asthenia (fatigue) [2] urokinase, warfarin
Constipation (22%) Pregnancy category: B
Diarrhea (36%) [2] Diarrhea [5]
Nausea (41%) [2] Nausea [4] Central Nervous System
Vomiting (30%) Vomiting [2] Pain (15%)
Endocrine/Metabolic Other Neuromuscular/Skeletal
ALP increased (21%) Adverse effects (triple therapy) [52] Back pain (42%)
ALT increased (29%) Allergic reactions [2] Hematologic
AST increased (27%) Death [10] Bleeding [5]
Creatine phosphokinase increased (58%) [3] Thrombosis [3]
GGT increased (45%)
Hyponatremia (18%) Local
Serum creatinine increased (93%) Injection-site pain (8%)
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual BLINATUMOMAB
Pruritus (>5%) [7] Disorientation (3%) [3]

BLACK COHOSH Raynaud’s phenomenon (>10%) [35] Encephalopathy (5%) [6]
Scleroderma [16] Fever (62%) [9]
Family: Ranunculaceae Stevens-Johnson syndrome [2] Headache (36%) [7]
Scientific names: Actaea macrotys, Actaea Toxicity [2] Insomnia (15%)
racemosa, Cimicifuga racemosa Memory loss (2%)
Indications: Anxiety, arthritis, asthma, Hair
Alopecia (~50%) [8] Neurotoxicity [8]
cardiovascular and circulatory problems, Paresthesias (5%) [2]
climacteric, menstrual and premenstrual Nails Seizures (2%) [7]
disorders, colds, cough, constipation, depression, Nail changes [2] Somnolence (drowsiness) [2]
kidney disorders, malaria, sore throat, tinnitus Nail growth reduced [2] Speech disorder [3]
Class: Phytoestrogen Nail loss [3] Tremor (20%) [7]
Half-life: N/A Onychodystrophy [2] Vertigo (dizziness) (14%) [2]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Onycholysis [3]
interactions with: clevidipine, salicylates Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Mucosal Arthralgia (10%)
Pregnancy category: N/A Oral ulceration [2]
Note: In 2001, the American College of Asthenia (fatigue) (17%) [4]
Stomatitis (>10%) [8] Ataxia [2]
Obstetricians and Gynecologists stated that black
cohosh might be helpful in the short term (6 Central Nervous System Back pain (14%) [2]
months or less) for women with vasomotor Chills (>10%) Bone or joint pain (11%)
symptoms of menopause. Neuromuscular/Skeletal Pain in extremities (12%)
Digital necrosis [3] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Skin Respiratory Abdominal pain (15%)
Diaphoresis [2] Pneumonitis [3] Constipation (20%) [2]
Rash [2] Pulmonary fibrosis [3] Diarrhea (20%) [3]
Pulmonary toxicity [7] Hepatotoxicity [2]
Central Nervous System Nausea (25%) [4]
Seizures [3] Endocrine/Metabolic Vomiting (13%)
Vertigo (dizziness) [2] SIADH [2]
Respiratory
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Hematologic Cough (19%) [2]
Hepatic failure [2] Hemolytic uremic syndrome [8] Dyspnea (15%)
Hepatitis [3] Local Pneumonia (9%) [4]
Hepatotoxicity [5] Injection-site phlebitis (<10%) Endocrine/Metabolic
Other Other ALT increased (12%) [2]
Adverse effects [4] Adverse effects [2] Appetite decreased (10%)
Allergic reactions [2] AST increased (11%)
GGT increased (6%) [2]
BLEOMYCIN Hyperbilirubinemia (8%)
Hyperglycemia (11%) [2]
Synonyms: bleo; BLM
BLINATUMOMAB Hypoalbuminemia (4%)
Trade name: Blenoxane (Mead Johnson) Hypokalemia (23%) [5]
Trade name: Blincyto (Amgen)
Indications: Melanomas, sarcomas, lymphomas, Hypomagnesemia (12%)
Indications: Precursor B-cell acute
testicular carcinoma Hypophosphatemia (6%)
lymphoblastic leukemia
Class: Antibiotic, anthracycline Weight gain (11%)
Class: Bispecific CD19-directed CD3 T-cell
Half-life: 1.3–9 hours engager, Monoclonal antibody Hematologic
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Half-life: 1.4 hours Anemia (18%) [5]
interactions with: aldesleukin, brentuximab Clinically important, potentially hazardous Febrile neutropenia (25%) [8]
vedotin interactions with: none known Leukocytosis (2%)
Pregnancy category: D Pregnancy category: C Leukopenia (9%) [5]
Important contra-indications noted in the Important contra-indications noted in the Lymphopenia [3]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers Neutropenia (16%) [4]
pediatric patients Warning: CYTOKINE RELEASE SYNDROME Sepsis (7%) [3]
and NEUROLOGICAL TOXICITIES Thrombocytopenia (11%) [6]
Skin Local
Acral erythema [2] Skin Catheter-related infection [2]
Acral necrosis [2] Edema (5%) [4]
Bullous dermatitis (<5%) Peripheral edema (25%) [2]
Calcification [2] Rash (21%) [2]
Erythema [6] Tumor lysis syndrome (4%)
Exanthems [3]
Flagellate dermatitis [10] Cardiovascular
Flagellate erythema/pigmentation [44] Chest pain (11%)
Gangrene (digital) [3] Hypertension (8%)
Hand–foot syndrome [2] Hypotension (11%)
Hyperkeratosis (palms and soles) [3] Tachycardia (8%)
Hypersensitivity (<10%) [5] Central Nervous System
Linear streaking [4] Aphasia (4%) [5]
Lipodystrophy [2] Chills (15%)
Neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis [2] Confusion (7%) [4]
Pigmentation (~50%) [21] Cytokine release syndrome (11%) [12]
BLOODROOT Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
sirolimus, St John’s wort, tacrolimus, tadalafil, Mucosal

BLOODROOT trazodone, triazolam, vardenafil, vorapaxar, Mucositis [2]
voriconazole, warfarin Cardiovascular
Family: Papaveraceae Pregnancy category: X (boceprevir is
Scientific name: Sanguinaria canadensis Arrhythmias [2]
pregnancy category B but must not be used in Cardiac failure [3]
Indications: Oral: emetic, cathartic, monotherapy)
expectorant. Topical: debriding agent, bronchitis, Cardiotoxicity [4]
Important contra-indications noted in the Congestive heart failure [3]
asthma, croup, laryngitis, pharyngitis, scabies, prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
eczema, athlete’s foot, nasal polyps, rheumatism, Hypertension [3]
pediatric patients Hypotension (13%) [4]
fever, anemia Note: Must be used in combination with PEG-
Class: Anti-inflammatory QT prolongation [2]
interferon and ribavirin (see separate entries)
Half-life: N/A Combination treatment is contra-indicated in Central Nervous System
Clinically important, potentially hazardous pregnant women and men whose female partners Anorexia [2]
interactions with: none known are pregnant because of the risks for birth defects Anxiety (10%)
Pregnancy category: N/A and fetal death associated with ribavirin, or in Dysesthesia (23%)
coadministration with drugs that are highly Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (13%)
Mucosal dependent on CYP3A4/5 for clearance, or with Encephalopathy [3]
Leukoplakia [2] potent CYP3A4/5 inducers. Fever (34%) [8]
Guillain–Barré syndrome [2]
Headache [3]
Skin Hypoesthesia [2]
BLUE COHOSH Pruritus [3] Insomnia (20%) [2]
Rash [3] Neurotoxicity [27]
Family: Berberidaceae Central Nervous System Pain [2]
Scientific name: Caulophyllum thalictroides Dysgeusia (taste perversion) [6] Paresthesias (22%) [3]
Indications: Rheumatism, dropsy, epilepsy, Peripheral neuropathy (39%) [66]
hysteria, uterine inflammation, thrush, Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Hepatotoxicity [2] Vertigo (dizziness) (17%)
menopause, headache, sexual debility, aphthous
stomatitis, laxative, colic, sore throat, hiccups Hematologic Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Class: Diuretic, Oxytocic Anemia [24] Arthralgia (17%) [2]
Half-life: N/A Neutropenia [8] Asthenia (fatigue) (64%) [40]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Thrombocytopenia [8] Back pain (13%)
interactions with: cardioactive drugs, Bone or joint pain (14%) [2]
Other Cramps (11%)
clevidipine Adverse effects [6]
Pregnancy category: N/A Myalgia/Myopathy (12%)
Infection [2]
Note: Cohosh is from the Algonquin word Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
‘rough’, referring to the appearance of the roots. Abdominal distension [2]
It is a toxic herb and should not be confused with Abdominal pain [3]
the safer, unrelated herb, black cohosh. BORTEZOMIB Colitis [2]
Trade name: Velcade (Millennium) Diarrhea (52%) [23]
Other Indications: Multiple myeloma, mantle cell
Adverse effects [2] Gastrointestinal disorder [3]
lymphoma Hepatotoxicity [5]
Class: Biologic, Proteasome inhibitor Nausea (55%) [10]
Half-life: 9–15 hours Pancreatitis [2]
BOCEPREVIR Clinically important, potentially hazardous Vomiting (33%) [4]
interactions with: conivaptan, darunavir,
Trade name: Victrelis (Merck) delavirdine, efavirenz, indinavir, strong CYP3A4 Respiratory
Indications: Chronic hepatitis C inducers or inhibitors, telithromycin, thalidomide, Cough (20%) [2]
Class: CYP3A4 inhibitor, Direct-acting antiviral, voriconazole Dyspnea (21%) [6]
Hepatitis C virus NS3/4A protease inhibitor Pregnancy category: D Nasopharyngitis (12%)
Half-life: 3 hours Important contra-indications noted in the Pneumonia (12%) [8]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Pneumonitis [4]
interactions with: alfuzosin, alprazolam, pediatric patients Pulmonary toxicity [3]
amiodarone, atorvastatin, bepridil, bosentan, Note: Contra-indicated in patients with Upper respiratory tract infection (12%) [3]
brigatinib, budesonide, buprenorphine, hypersensitivity to boron or mannitol. Endocrine/Metabolic
cabozantinib, carbamazepine, cisapride, Appetite decreased (36%)
clarithromycin, colchicine, copanlisib, Skin Dehydration (10%) [2]
cyclosporine, dasatinib, desipramine, Edema (23%) Hypocalcemia [2]
dexamethasone, digoxin, dihydroergotamine, Erythema [2] Hypokalemia [3]
drospirenone, efavirenz, ergonovine, ergotamine, Folliculitis [2] Serum creatinine increased [2]
estradiol, felodipine, flecainide, flibanserin, Herpes zoster (12%) [13] SIADH [2]
fluticasone propionate, gefitinib, itraconazole, Peripheral edema [5] Weight loss [2]
ketoconazole, lomitapide, lovastatin, methadone, Pruritus (11%) Renal
methylergonovine, midazolam, midostaurin, Purpura [2] Nephrotoxicity [2]
mifepristone, neratinib, nicardipine, nifedipine, Rash (18%) [11]
olaparib, pazopanib, phenobarbital, phenytoin, Hematologic
Sweet’s syndrome [7] Anemia (29%) [18]
pimozide, ponatinib, posaconazole, propafenone, Toxicity [4]
quinidine, ribociclib, rifabutin, rifampin, ritonavir, Febrile neutropenia [5]
Tumor lysis syndrome [2] Hemotoxicity [5]
ruxolitinib, salmeterol, sildenafil, simvastatin, Vasculitis [4] Leukopenia [9]
Lymphopenia [11]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual BOTULINUM TOXIN (A & B)
Myelosuppression [2] Pruritus (<10%)

Neutropenia (17%) [36] BOSWELLIA Purpura (<10%)
Sepsis [4] Rash [2]
Thrombocytopenia (36%) [57] Family: Burseraceae
Scientific names: Boswellia carterii, Boswellia Mucosal
Local commiphora, Boswellia ovalifoliolata, Boswellia Epistaxis (nosebleed) [2]
Infusion-related reactions [2] serrata Stomatitis (<10%)
Injection-site irritation (5%) Indications: Allergic rhinitis, arthritis, asthma, Xerostomia (3–34%) [13]
Injection-site reactions [4] atherosclerosis, chronic colitis, ulcerative colitis, Central Nervous System
Other Crohn’s disease, peritumoral brain edema, Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (<10%)
Adverse effects [13] rheumatism, trypanosomiasis, ulcers Gait instability [2]
Death [6] Class: Anti-inflammatory, Diuretic Headache [7]
Infection [11] Half-life: N/A Hyperesthesia (<10%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Neurotoxicity [3]
interactions with: none known Pain (6–13%) [4]
BOSENTAN Pregnancy category: N/A Seizures [2]
Tremor (<10%)
Trade name: Tracleer (Actelion) Other Vertigo (dizziness) [2]
Indications: Pulmonary arterial hypertension Adverse effects [2] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Class: Antihypertensive, Endothelin receptor Arthralgia (<7%)
(ETR) antagonist, Vasodilator Asthenia (fatigue) [16]
Half-life: ~5 hours
BOTULINUM TOXIN Myasthenia gravis [2]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Neck pain [3]
interactions with: amiodarone, amprenavir, (A & B) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
astemizole, atazanavir, atorvastatin, boceprevir, Constipation [3]
cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir Trade names: Azzalure (Galderma), Bocouture Diarrhea [3]
alafenamide, cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/ (Merz), Botox (Allergan), Dysport (Ipsen), Dysphagia [18]
tenofovir disoproxil, cyclosporine, diltiazem, Myobloc (Solstice), Neurobloc (Eisai), Vistabel
elbasvir & grazoprevir, enzalutamide, (Allergan), Xeomin (Merz)
Respiratory
erythromycin, fluconazole, fluvastatin, Dysphonia [2]
Indications: Blepharospasm, hemifacial spasm,
glibenclamide, glyburide, indinavir, itraconazole, Dyspnea [2]
spasmodic torticollis, sialorrhea, hyperhidrosis,
ketoconazole, levonorgestrel, lopinavir, lovastatin, Flu-like syndrome (2–10%) [8]
strabismus, oromandibular dystonia, cervical
neratinib, olaparib, oral contraceptives, Nasopharyngitis [2]
dystonia, spasmodic dysphonia, chronic migraine,
palbociclib, progestogens, reboxetine, rifampin, Pulmonary toxicity [3]
urinary incontinence in people with neurologic
ritonavir, sildenafil, simvastatin, St John’s wort, conditions such as spinal cord injury and multiple Genitourinary
tacrolimus, tadalafil, telaprevir, tipranavir, sclerosis who have overactivity of the bladder, Dysuria [2]
ulipristal, vardenafil, venetoclax, voriconazole, cosmetic application for wrinkles Hematuria [5]
warfarin Class: Acetylcholine inhibitor, Neuromuscular Urinary incontinence [3]
Pregnancy category: X blocker, Ophthalmic agent, toxin Urinary retention [14]
Important contra-indications noted in the Half-life: 3–6 months Urinary tract infection [16]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Clinically important, potentially hazardous Vulvovaginal candidiasis (<10%)
pediatric patients interactions with: aminoglycosides, Otic
Warning: RISKS OF HEPATOTOXICITY and anticholinergics, fesoterodine, tiotropium, Tinnitus (<10%)
TERATOGENICITY trospium
Pregnancy category: C Ocular
Important contra-indications noted in the Blepharoptosis [2]
Skin Conjunctivitis [2]
Edema (8%) [2] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
pediatric patients Diplopia [10]
Flushing (9%) [2] Eyelid edema [4]
Peripheral edema (8%) [5] Note: Distant spread of toxin effect -
postmarketing reports indicate that all botulinum Ocular adverse effects [2]
Pruritus (4%) Ptosis (14–20%) [24]
toxin products may spread from the area of
Central Nervous System Xerophthalmia (6%) [2]
injection to produce symptoms consistent with
Headache [2] Local
botulinum toxin effects. These may include
Syncope [2] Injection-site bruising [4]
asthenia, generalized muscle weakness, diplopia,
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic ptosis, dysphagia, dysphonia, dysarthria, urinary Injection-site ecchymoses [2]
Hepatotoxicity [18] incontinence and breathing diffculties. These Injection-site edema [8]
Respiratory symptoms have been reported hours to weeks Injection-site erythema [3]
Bronchitis [2] after injection. Injection-site pain (2–10%) [20]
An antitoxin is available in the event of overdose Injection-site paralysis [2]
Endocrine/Metabolic or misinjection. Injection-site reactions [6]
AST increased [2] Warning: DISTANT SPREAD OF TOXIN Other
Hematologic EFFECT Adverse effects [19]
Anemia [4] Death [4]
Other Skin Infection (13–19%)
Adverse effects [7] Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [4] Side effects [3]
Ecchymoses [4]
Erythema [2]
Granulomas [2]
Hematoma [2]
Peripheral edema (<10%)
BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Hematologic
BRENTUXIMAB BREWER’S YEAST Hemotoxicity (2%)
VEDOTIN Family: Saccharomycetaceae
Trade name: Adcetris (Seattle Genetics)

Scientific names: Saccharomyces boulardii, BRIGATINIB
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Indications: Hodgkin’s lymphoma, systemic Indications: Diarrhea, rotaviral diarrhea, irritable Trade name: Alunbrig (Ariad)
anaplastic large cell lymphoma bowel syndrome, Crohn’s disease, ulcerative Indications: Anaplastic lymphoma kinase-
Class: Antibody drug conjugate (ADC), CD30- colitis, urinary tract infections, vaginal infections, positive metastatic non-small cell lung cancer in
directed antibody-drug conjugate, Monoclonal acne, premenstrual syndrome, furunculosis patients who have progressed on, or are
antibody Class: Immunomodulator, Probiotic intolerant to, crizotinib
Half-life: 4–6 days Half-life: N/A Class: Tyrosine kinase inhibitor
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Clinically important, potentially hazardous Half-life: 25 hours
interactions with: bleomycin, efavirenz, interactions with: MAO inhibitors Clinically important, potentially hazardous
ketoconazole, rifampin, strong CYP3A4 inhibitors Pregnancy category: N/A interactions with: boceprevir, carbamazepine,
Pregnancy category: D Note: Immune-deficient subjects or those with clarithromycin, cobicistat, conivaptan, CYP3A
Important contra-indications noted in the mucosal disease may experience serious adverse substrates and strong CYP3A inducers or
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing effects. inhibitors, grapefruit juice, hormonal
mothers; pediatric patients contraceptives, indinavir, itraconazole,
Warning: PROGRESSIVE MULTIFOCAL ketoconazole, lopinavir, nelfinavir, phenytoin,
LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHY posaconazole, rifampin, ritonavir, saquinavir, St
BREXPIPRAZOLE John’s wort, voriconazole
Pregnancy category: N/A (May cause fetal
Skin Trade name: Rexulti (Otsuka) toxicity based on findings in animal studies)
Diaphoresis (12%) Indications: Schizophrenia, major depressive Important contra-indications noted in the
Lymphadenopathy (11%) disorder (with antidepressants) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Peripheral edema (4–16%) Class: Antipsychotic pediatric patients
Pruritus (19%) Half-life: 86–91 hours
Rash (31%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Xerosis (10%) Skin
interactions with: strong or moderate CYP2D6
Rash (15–24%)
Hair inhibitors, strong or moderate CYP3A4 inducers
Alopecia (14%) or inhibitors Cardiovascular
Pregnancy category: N/A (Neonatal risk in Bradycardia (6–8%)
Central Nervous System Hypertension (11–21%) [3]
third trimester exposure)
Anxiety (11%)
Important contra-indications noted in the Central Nervous System
Chills (13%)
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Fever (6–14%)
Fever (29–38%) [4]
mothers; pediatric patients Headache (27–28%) [2]
Headache (19%)
Warning: INCREASED MORTALITY IN Insomnia (7–11%)
Insomnia (16%)
ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH DEMENTIA- Peripheral neuropathy (13%)
Neurotoxicity [2]
RELATED PSYCHOSIS
Pain (7–28%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Peripheral neuropathy (68%) [17] SUICIDAL THOUGHTS AND BEHAVIORS Arthralgia (14%)
Vertigo (dizziness) (11–16%) Asthenia (fatigue) (29–36%) [2]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Central Nervous System Back pain (10–15%)
Arthralgia (9–19%) Agitation [3] Muscle spasm (12–17%)
Asthenia (fatigue) (41–49%) [4] Akathisia (6–9%) [13] Myalgia/Myopathy (9–15%)
Back pain (14%) Anxiety (3%) [2] Pain in extremities (4–11%)
Muscle spasm (10%) Headache (7%) [7] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Myalgia/Myopathy (17%) Insomnia [5] Abdominal pain (10–17%)
Pain in extremities (10%) Psychosis [2] Constipation (15–19%)
Restlessness (3%) [2] Diarrhea (19–38%) [5]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Schizophrenia [3]
Abdominal pain (9–25%) Nausea (33–40%) [4]
Sedation (2%) [2] Vomiting (23–24%)
Constipation (19%) Somnolence (drowsiness) (5%) [5]
Diarrhea (36%) [6] Tremor (3–4%) Respiratory
Nausea (42%) [4] Vertigo (dizziness) (3%) Cough (18–34%) [4]
Vomiting (22%) Dyspnea (21–27%) [5]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Hypoxia (<3%) [4]
Respiratory Asthenia (fatigue) (3%) [3]
Cough (17–25%) Pneumonia (5–10%) [4]
Dyspnea (13–19%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Pneumonitis (4–9%)
Pulmonary toxicity [4] Constipation (2%) Pulmonary toxicity [3]
Upper respiratory tract infection (12–47%) Diarrhea (3%) [3] Endocrine/Metabolic
Dyspepsia (3%) ALT increased (34–40%) [2]
Endocrine/Metabolic Nausea [5]
Appetite decreased (16%) Appetite decreased (15–22%)
Weight loss (6–12%) Respiratory AST increased (38–65%)
Nasopharyngitis (4%) Creatine phosphokinase increased (27–48%)
Hematologic [2]
Anemia (33–52%) [2] Endocrine/Metabolic
Appetite increased (3%) [2] Hyperglycemia (38–49%)
Neutropenia (55%) [10] Hypophosphatemia (15–23%)
Thrombocytopenia (16–28%) Creatine phosphokinase increased (2%)
Hyperprolactinemia [2] Hematologic
Other Weight gain (4–7%) [14] Anemia (23–40%)
Adverse effects [4] Weight loss (10%) Hyperlipasemia (21–45%) [3]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual BROMELAIN
Lymphopenia (19–27%) Other

Prothrombin time increased (20–22%) Adverse effects [2] BRIVARACETAM
Ocular Allergic reactions [2]
Trade name: Briviact (UCB)
Visual disturbances (7–10%) Indications: Epilepsy adjunct therapy
Other Class: Anticonvulsant, Antiepileptic
Death [2] BRINZOLAMIDE Half-life: 9 hours
Trade name: Azopt (Alcon) interactions with: carbamazepine, phenytoin,
BRIMONIDINE Indications: Open-angle glaucoma, ocular rifampin
hypertension Pregnancy category: C
Trade names: Alphagan P (Allergan), Mirvaso Class: Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, Diuretic Important contra-indications noted in the
(Galderma) Half-life: 111 days prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Indications: Open-angle glaucoma, ocular Clinically important, potentially hazardous mothers; pediatric patients
hypertension, topical application for rosacea interactions with: conivaptan, darunavir,
Class: Adrenergic alpha2-receptor agonist delavirdine, indinavir, salicylates, telithromycin,
Half-life: 12 hours voriconazole Central Nervous System
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Pregnancy category: C Aggression [4]
interactions with: amitriptyline, MAO Important contra-indications noted in the Agitation [2]
inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers Anxiety [2]
Pregnancy category: B Note: Brinzolamide is a sulfonamide and can be Balance disorder (3%)
Important contra-indications noted in the absorbed systemically. Sulfonamides can produce Depression [3]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; severe, possibly fatal, reactions such as toxic Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (<3%)
pediatric patients epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson Euphoria (<3%)
Note: [T] = Topical. syndrome. Headache [12]
Impaired concentration [2]
Insomnia [2]
Skin Skin Irritability (3%) [8]
Burning [T] (2%) [4] Dermatitis (<5%) Neurotoxicity (13%)
Contact dermatitis [T] [2] Mucosal Psychosis [2]
Dermatitis [2] Xerostomia [4] Sedation (16%)
Erythema [T] (4%) [7] Seizures [3]
Flushing [T] (3%) [3] Central Nervous System
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (5–10%) [14] Somnolence (drowsiness) (16%) [25]
Hypersensitivity [3] Vertigo (dizziness) (12%) [24]
Irritation [3] Headache (<5%)
Pruritus [4] Neuromuscular/Skeletal Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Rosacea [2] Asthenia (fatigue) [3] Asthenia (fatigue) (9%) [19]
Xerosis [2] Back pain [2]
Respiratory
Mucosal Rhinitis (<5%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Xerostomia (5–20%) [12] Constipation (2%)
Endocrine/Metabolic Nausea (5%) [6]
Cardiovascular Acidosis [2] Vomiting (5%) [3]
Hypertension (5–20%) Ocular Respiratory
Central Nervous System Blepharitis (<5%) Nasopharyngitis [6]
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (<10%) [4] Conjunctival hyperemia [8]
Somnolence (drowsiness) [2] Conjunctivitis [4] Genitourinary
Corneal abnormalities [3] Urinary tract infection [2]
Asthenia (fatigue) [4] Foreign body sensation (<5%) Hematologic
Lacrimation [3] Leukopenia (2%)
Respiratory Ocular adverse effects [3]
Upper respiratory tract infection (<10%) Local
Ocular allergy [2] Infusion-site pain (<3%)
Ocular Ocular burning [4]
Blepharitis (<10%) [2] Ocular discharge (<5%) Other
Conjunctival hyperemia (5–20%) [5] Ocular hyperemia [5] Adverse effects [4]
Conjunctivitis (5–20%) [7] Ocular itching [6]
Eyelid crusting (<10%) Ocular keratitis (<5%)
Eyelid edema (<10%) Ocular pain (<5%) [6] BROMELAIN
Eyelid erythema (<10%) Ocular pruritus (<5%) [3]
Intraocular pressure increased [2] Ocular stinging [4] Family: Bromeliaceae
Ocular adverse effects [4] Vision blurred (5–10%) [15] Scientific names: Ananas comosus, Ananas
Ocular allergy (4%) [8] Xerophthalmia (<5%) [5] duckei, Ananas sativus, Bromelia ananas, Bromelia
Ocular burning (<10%) [7] Other comosa
Ocular hyperemia [4] Adverse effects [2] Indications: Oral: inflammation, mild ulcerative
Ocular itching [2] colitis, osteoarthritis, sinusitis, sprains. Topical:
Ocular pain [3] burn debridement
Ocular pruritus (5–20%) [5] Class: Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory
Ocular stinging (<10%) [6] Half-life: N/A
Periocular dermatitis [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Uveitis [11] interactions with: amoxicillin, fluorouracil,
Vision blurred [T] [3] tetracycline, vincristine
Visual disturbances (5–20%) Pregnancy category: N/A
Xerophthalmia [3]
BROMELAIN Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Note: Phlogenzym is rutoside, bromelain and Respiratory emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide, cobicistat/

trypsin. Pleural effusion [2] elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil,
Pulmonary fibrosis [2] delavirdine, diazepam, efavirenz, erythromycin,
Skin Other HIV protease inhibitors, hydrocodone,
Contact dermatitis [2] Adverse effects [2] hydromorphone, ketoconazole, ketorolac,
linezolid, macrolide antibiotics, morphine,
Respiratory neuroleptics, oxymorphone, phenobarbital,
Asthma (occupational / inhalation) [3]
BUDESONIDE phenytoin, rifampin, ritonavir, tapentadol,
Other tipranavir
Adverse effects [8] Trade names: Pulmicort Turbuhaler Pregnancy category: C
(AstraZeneca), Rhinocort (AstraZeneca), Important contra-indications noted in the
Symbicort (AstraZeneca) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
BROMOCRIPTINE Indications: Asthma, rhinitis pediatric patients
Class: Corticosteroid, inhaled Note: Suboxone contains naloxone; Probuphine
Trade name: Parlodel (Novartis) Half-life: N/A is an implant for subdermal administration.
Indications: Amenorrhea, Parkinsonism, Clinically important, potentially hazardous Warning: ABUSE POTENTIAL, LIFE-
infertility, acromegaly interactions with: boceprevir, efavirenz, THREATENING RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION,
Class: Dopamine receptor agonist itraconazole, ketoconazole, live vaccines, oral and ACCIDENTAL EXPOSURE
Half-life: initial: 6–8 hours; terminal: 50 hours contraceptives, telaprevir Probuphine: IMPLANT MIGRATION, PROTRU-
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Pregnancy category: C SION, EXPULSION, and NERVE DAMAGE
interactions with: alcohol, antipsychotics, Important contra-indications noted in the ASSOCIATED WITH INSERTION and
azithromycin, domperidone, erythromycin, prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
isometheptene, lanreotide, levomepromazine, REMOVAL
pediatric patients
macrolides, memantine, methyldopa, Note: Symbicort is budesonide and formoterol.
metoclopramide, octreotide, pasireotide, Skin
pseudoephedrine, risperidone, Abscess (2%)
sympathomimetics, zuclopenthixol Skin Dermatitis [2]
Pregnancy category: N/A (Contra-indicated in Acneform eruption [3] Diaphoresis (12–14%)
women who become pregnant or in the Dermatitis [8] Erythema [4]
postpartum period) Exanthems [2] Hyperhidrosis [4]
Important contra-indications noted in the Moon face [2] Pruritus [11]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Pruritus [2]
Rash [2] Mucosal
pediatric patients
Xerostomia [3]
Mucosal
Oral candidiasis [2] Cardiovascular
Skin
Bradycardia [3]
Flushing [2] Central Nervous System Hypotension [4]
Livedo reticularis [3] Fever [2] Pulmonary edema [2]
Raynaud’s phenomenon (<10%) [8] Headache [2] QT prolongation [2]
Scleroderma [2] Insomnia [2] Vasodilation (9%)
Hair Mood changes [2]
Alopecia [2] Respiratory Anxiety (12%)
Mucosal Asthma (exacerbation) [4] Chills (6–8%)
Nasal congestion (3–4%) Cough [2] Depression (11%)
Xerostomia (4–10%) [3] Endocrine/Metabolic Fever (3%)
Cardiovascular Adrenal insufficiency [3] Headache (30–36%) [6]
Cardiotoxicity [2] Cushing’s syndrome [2] Insomnia (14–25%)
Coronary spasm [2] Ocular Nervousness (6%)
Erythromelalgia [4] Cataract [2] Neurotoxicity [2]
Orthostatic hypotension (6%) Pain (22–24%)
Other Seizures [3]
Postural hypotension (6%) Adverse effects [13] Somnolence (drowsiness) (5%) [4]
Central Nervous System Allergic reactions [3] Vertigo (dizziness) (4%) [14]
Anorexia (4%) Infection [2]
Hallucinations [4] Systemic reactions [2] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Headache (<19%) [3] Asthenia (fatigue) (7–14%) [4]
Seizures (in postpartum patients) [3] Back pain (4–14%)
Somnolence (drowsiness) (3%) Myalgia/Myopathy [2]
Syncope (<2%)
BUPRENORPHINE Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Vertigo (dizziness) (17%) Trade names: Probuphine (Braeburn), Suboxone Abdominal pain (11%) [2]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal (Reckitt Benckiser), Subutex (Reckitt Benckiser), Constipation (11–12%) [12]
Asthenia (fatigue) (3–7%) Transtec (Napp) Diarrhea (4–5%) [2]
Indications: Opioid dependence, moderate to Dyspepsia (3%)
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Hepatotoxicity [6]
Abdominal pain (4%) severe pain
Class: Analgesic, Mixed opioid agonist/antagonist, Nausea (10–15%) [15]
Constipation (3–14%) [2] Vomiting (5–8%) [12]
Diarrhea (3%) Narcotic
Dyspepsia (4%) Half-life: 37 hours Respiratory
Gastrointestinal bleeding (<2%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous Cough (4%)
Nausea (18–49%) [7] interactions with: antihistamines, atazanavir, Flu-like syndrome (6%)
Vomiting (2–5%) [4] azole antifungals, benzodiazepines, boceprevir, Pharyngitis (4%)
carbamazepine, cimetidine, cobicistat/elvitegravir/ Respiratory depression [3]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual BUTTERBUR
Rhinitis (5–11%) Tachycardia [3] Mucosal

Ocular Central Nervous System Xerostomia (3%)
Lacrimation (5%) Aggression [2] Central Nervous System
Local Agitation [5] Serotonin syndrome [4]
Application-site reactions [3] Anxiety [5]
Delirium [2]
Other Depression [4]
Adverse effects [4] Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (4%)
BUSULFAN
Death [9] Dyskinesia [2]
Infection (6–20%) Trade name: Myleran (GSK)
Hallucinations [7] Indications: Chronic myelogenous leukemia,
Headache [7] bone marrow disorders
Insomnia [9] Class: Alkylating agent
BUPROPION Mania [2] Half-life: 3.4 hours (after first dose)
Nightmares [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Trade names: Wellbutrin (GSK), Zyban (GSK) Paresthesias (2%) interactions with: acetaminophen, aldesleukin,
Indications: Depression, aid to smoking Parkinsonism [2] itraconazole, metronidazole, voriconazole
cessation Psychosis [7] Pregnancy category: D
Class: Antidepressant, Dopamine reuptake Seizures [40] Warning: LEUKEMOGENESIS and
inhibitor Serotonin syndrome [2] PANCYTOPENIA
Half-life: 14 hours Sleep related disorder [2]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Somnolence (drowsiness) [4]
interactions with: amitriptyline, citalopram, Suicidal ideation [5] Skin
cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir Tremor (>10%) [7] Erythema (macular) (>10%)
alafenamide, cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/ Twitching (2%) Erythema multiforme [5]
tenofovir disoproxil, cyclosporine, Vertigo (dizziness) [6] Erythema nodosum [3]
deutetrabenazine, efavirenz, eluxadoline, Exanthems [2]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Pigmentation (’busulfan tan’) (<10%) [13]
erythromycin, escitalopram, isocarboxazid, Arthralgia [3]
levodopa, linezolid, lopinavir, lorcaserin, Urticaria (>10%) [5]
Asthenia (fatigue) [3] Vasculitis [3]
methylphenidate, mifepristone, phenelzine, Dystonia [3]
ritonavir, tranylcypromine, trimipramine, Myalgia/Myopathy (6%) [2] Hair
vortioxetine Rhabdomyolysis [3] Alopecia (>10%) [7]
Pregnancy category: C Mucosal
Constipation [5] Mucositis [4]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Oral mucositis [2]
pediatric patients Hepatotoxicity [3]
Nausea [15] Stomatitis [2]
Warning: NEUROPSYCHIATRIC REACTIONS;
AND SUICIDAL THOUGHTS AND BEHAVIORS Vomiting [6] Central Nervous System
Respiratory Neurotoxicity [3]
Upper respiratory tract infection [2] Seizures [4]
Skin
Acneform eruption (<10%) Genitourinary Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
AGEP [3] Priapism [2] Hepatotoxicity [4]
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [2] Ocular Respiratory
Angioedema [3] Hallucinations, visual [3] Pulmonary toxicity [3]
Diaphoresis (5%) [4]
Other Endocrine/Metabolic
Adverse effects [2] Gynecomastia [3]
Exanthems [2]
Congenital malformations [2] Porphyria cutanea tarda [2]
Flushing (4%)
Hypersensitivity [6] Death [5] Hematologic
Lupus erythematosus [2] Febrile neutropenia [3]
Peripheral edema [2] Other
Pruritus (4%) [3] BUSPIRONE Death [4]
Psoriasis [3] Infection [3]
Rash (4%) [3] Trade name: BuSpar (Bristol-Myers Squibb)
Serum sickness [3] Indications: Anxiety
Serum sickness-like reaction [9] Class: Anxiolytic, Serotonin antagonist
Stevens-Johnson syndrome [2] Half-life: 2–3 hours
BUTTERBUR
Thrombocytopenic purpura [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Family: Asteraceae; Compositae
Urticaria [9] interactions with: citalopram, cobicistat/
Scientific names: Petasites hybridus, Petasites
Xerosis (<10%) elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide,
officinalis
Hair cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir
Indications: Allergic rhinitis, asthma, bronchitis,
Hirsutism (<10%) disoproxil, grapefruit juice, itraconazole, linezolid,
chills, cough, dysmenorrhea, hay fever, headache,
nefazodone, paclitaxel, rifapentine, ritonavir, St
Mucosal heart tonic, migraine, peptic ulcer, appetite
John’s wort, telithromycin, vilazodone,
Tongue edema [2] stimulant, irritable bladder, poultice for wounds
voriconazole
Xerostomia (<64%) [19] or skin ulcers
Class: Anti-inflammatory
Cardiovascular Half-life: N/A
Arrhythmias [2] Hair Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Hypertension [3] Alopecia [2] interactions with: none known
Myocardial ischemia [2]
Palpitation [2]
BUTTERBUR See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Pregnancy category: N/A (Contraindicated in Respiratory

pregnancy) CABOZANTINIB Cough (18%)
Important contra-indications noted in the Dysphonia (20%)
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers Trade names: Carbometyx (Exelixis), Cometriq Dyspnea (19%)
Note: Petadolex formulation has had the (Exelixis) Pulmonary embolism [2]
potentially carcinogenic pyrrolizidine alkaloids Indications: Metastatic medullary thyroid cancer
(Cometriq), advanced renal cell carcinoma Endocrine/Metabolic
removed. ALP increased (52%)
(Cabometyx)
Class: Tyrosine kinase inhibitor ALT increased (86%) [3]
Skin Half-life: 55 hours (Cometriq); 99 hours Appetite decreased (46%) [4]
Edema [2] (Cabometyx) AST increased (86%) [3]
Erythema [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous Dehydration (7%)
Hypersensitivity [2] interactions with: atazanavir, boceprevir, GGT increased (27%)
Rash [2] carbamazepine, clarithromycin, conivaptan, Hypoalbuminemia (36%)
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic grapefruit juice, indinavir, itraconazole, Hypocalcemia (52%)
Eructation (belching) [3] ketoconazole, lopinavir, nefazodone, nelfinavir, Hypokalemia (18%)
phenobarbital, phenytoin, posaconazole, rifabutin, Hypomagnesemia (19%)
Other Hyponatremia (10%)
Adverse effects [2] rifampin, rifapentine, ritonavir, saquinavir, St
John’s wort, telithromycin, voriconazole Hypophosphatemia (28%)
Pregnancy category: D Hypothyroidism [3]
Important contra-indications noted in the Serum creatinine increased (58%)
CABERGOLINE prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Weight loss (48%) [8]
mothers; pediatric patients Renal
Trade name: Dostinex (Pfizer) Warning: PERFORATIONS AND FISTULAS, and Proteinuria (2%)
Indications: Hyperprolactinemia, Parkinsonism HEMORRHAGE
Class: Dopamine receptor agonist Hematologic
Half-life: 63–69 hours Anemia [2]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Skin Lymphopenia (53%)
interactions with: azithromycin, Erythema (11%) Neutropenia (35%) [2]
levomepromazine, risperidone, zuclopenthixol Hand–foot syndrome (50%) [20] Thrombocytopenia (35%) [2]
Pregnancy category: B Hyperkeratosis (7%) Thrombosis [2]
Important contra-indications noted in the Jaundice (25%) Other
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Rash (19%) Adverse effects [6]
mothers; pediatric patients Toxicity [3] Death (6%) [5]
Wound complications [2]
Xerosis (19%)
Skin
Edema [2] Hair CAFFEINE
Hot flashes (3%) Alopecia (16%)
Hair changes (34%) Family: Rubiales
Mucosal Hair pigmentation (34%) [2]
Xerostomia (2%) Scientific names: Cafcit (Bedford), Coffea arabica,
Mucosal Coffea canephora, Coffea robusta, Cola acuminata,
Cardiovascular Mucosal inflammation [3] Thea sinensis, Theobroma cacao
Cardiac failure [2] Stomatitis (51%) Indications: With ergotamine for migraine, with
Hypotension [5] NSAIDs in analgesics, headache, respiratory
Myocardial toxicity [3] Cardiovascular
Chest pain (9%) depression in neonates, postprandial hypotension,
Pericarditis [4] enhances seizure duration in electroconvulsive
Valve regurgitation [2] Hypertension (33%) [15]
Hypotension (7%) therapy, ingredient in cough and cold remedies
Valvulopathy [9] Class: Diuretic, Xanthine alkaloid
Central Nervous System Central Nervous System Half-life: 2–7 hours
Dyskinesia [2] Anorexia [3] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Headache (26%) [6] Anxiety (9%) interactions with: aminophylline,
Mania [3] Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (34%) [2] carbamazepine, cimetidine, clozapine, cocoa,
Neurotoxicity [3] Headache (18%) ephedra, ferrous sulfate, fluorides, ginseng,
Paresthesias (5%) [2] Paresthesias (7%) guarana, idrocilamide, ketoconazole, ketoprofen,
Psychosis [3] Peripheral neuropathy (5%) levomepromazine, linezolid, methoxsalen,
Somnolence (drowsiness) (<5%) Vertigo (dizziness) (14%) mexiletine, norfloxacin, phenobarbital,
Vertigo (dizziness) (15–17%) [6] Neuromuscular/Skeletal phenylpropanolamine, phenytoin, regadenoson,
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Arthralgia (14%) terbinafine, teriflunomide, zonisamide
Asthenia (fatigue) (6%) [5] Asthenia (fatigue) (21–41%) [22] Pregnancy category: C
Muscle spasm (12%) Important contra-indications noted in the
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Pain in extremities (14%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers
Abdominal pain (5%) Note: Caffeine is an addictive psychoactive
Constipation (7–10%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Abdominal pain (27%) substance. Spontaneous abortion and low
Nausea (28%) [3] birthweight babies have occurred in pregnant
Endocrine/Metabolic Diarrhea (63%) [19] women consuming 150 mg caffeine per day.
Mastodynia (2%) Dyspepsia (11%) Abuse can lead to cardiac damage or death. See
Dysphagia (13%) also separate profile for guarana.
Gastrointestinal perforation (3%) Common symptoms of caffeine withdrawal are
Hemorrhoids (9%) headache; drowsiness; yawning, impaired
Nausea (43%) [9] concentration; lassitude; irritability; decreased
Vomiting (24%) [4] contentedness, well-being and self-confidence;
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual CANAGLIFLOZIN
decreased sociability; flu-like symptoms; muscle Hyperuricemia (2%)

aches and stiffness; hot or cold spells; nausea or Serum creatinine increased (5%) CALCIUM
vomiting; and blurred vision. Cafcit is caffeine
citrate.
Hematologic HYDROXYLAPATITE
Anemia (5%)
Trade name: Radiesse (Merz)
Skin Indications: Correction of facial wrinkles and
CALCIPOTRIOL folds
Class: Dermal filler
Urticaria [5] Synonym: calcipotriene Half-life: N/A
Cardiovascular Trade name: Dovonex (Leo Pharma) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Arrhythmias [4] Indications: Psoriasis interactions with: anticoagulants, antiplatelet
Atrial fibrillation [2] Class: Antipsoriatic agent, Vitamin D analog drugs, aspirin
Hypertension [2] Half-life: ~30 minutes
Palpitation [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous Skin
Central Nervous System interactions with: none known Ecchymoses [2]
Anxiety [2] Pregnancy category: C Granulomas [6]
Depression [2] Important contra-indications noted in the Necrosis [2]
Headache [2] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Nodular eruption [3]
Insomnia [2] pediatric patients
Note: Contra-indicated in patients with acute
Mucosal
Psychosis [3] Oral lesions [3]
Restlessness [2] psoriatic eruptions, hypercalcemia or vitamin D
Seizures [6] toxicity.
Tremor [4]
Skin CANAGLIFLOZIN
Rhabdomyolysis [6] Burning (23%)
Trade names: Invokamet (Janssen), Invokana
Contact dermatitis [8]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic (Janssen)
Erythema (<10%)
Gastrointestinal disorder [2] Indications: Type II diabetes mellitus
Pigmentation [3]
Class: Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2)
Other Pruritus (>10%) [6]
inhibitor
Adverse effects [3] Psoriasis (<10%) [3]
Death (from abuse / overdose) [21] Rash (11%)
Xerosis (<5%)
interactions with: digoxin, rifampin
Respiratory Pregnancy category: C
CALCIFEDIOL Nasopharyngitis [3] Important contra-indications noted in the
Endocrine/Metabolic prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Synonym: calcidiol Hypercalcemia [3] pediatric patients
Trade name: Rayaldee (Opko) Note: Contra-indicated in patients with severe
Indications: Hyperparathyroidism in stage 3 or 4 Local
renal impairment, end stage renal disease, or on
chronic kidney disease Application-site pain [3]
dialysis. Invokamet is canagliflozin and metformin.
Class: Vitamin D analog Application-site pruritus [2]
Half-life: 11 days Application-site reactions [2]
Skin
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Other
Pruritus [2]
interactions with: anticonvulsants, atazanavir, Adverse effects [3]
cholestyramine, clarithromycin, indinavir, Cardiovascular
itraconazole, ketoconazole, nefazodone, Postural hypotension [2]
nelfinavir, phenobarbital, ritonavir, saquinavir,
telithromycin, thiazides, voriconazole
CALCITONIN Central Nervous System
Headache [3]
Pregnancy category: C Trade names: Calcimar (Sanofi-Aventis), Vertigo (dizziness) [3]
Important contra-indications noted in the Miacalcin (Novartis) Neuromuscular/Skeletal
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Indications: Paget’s disease of bone Arthralgia [2]
pediatric patients Class: Parathyroid hormone antagonist Asthenia (fatigue) (2%)
Half-life: 70–90 minutes Back pain [2]
Skin Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Hematoma (2%) interactions with: none known
Abdominal pain (2%) [3]
Cardiovascular Pregnancy category: C
Congestive heart failure (4%) Diarrhea [2]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Skin Nausea (2%) [4]
Arthralgia (2%) Flushing (>10%) [5]
Respiratory
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Nasopharyngitis [2]
Constipation (3%) Diarrhea [2] Upper respiratory tract infection [2]
Nausea [2]
Respiratory Endocrine/Metabolic
Bronchitis (3%) Respiratory Dehydration [3]
Cough (4%) Rhinitis (12%) Diabetic ketoacidosis [2]
Dyspnea (4%) Local Hypoglycemia [8]
Nasopharyngitis (5%) Injection-site edema (>10%) Genitourinary
Endocrine/Metabolic Injection-site inflammation (>10%) [2] Genital mycotic infections (4–11%) [28]
Hyperkalemia (3%) Injection-site reactions (10%) Pollakiuria [7]
CANAGLIFLOZIN Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Polyuria [2] Hematologic

Urinary frequency (5%) [6] CANDESARTAN Bleeding (<15%) [7]
Urinary tract infection (4–6%) [23]
Vulvovaginal candidiasis [2] Trade name: Atacand (AstraZeneca)
Vulvovaginal pruritus (2–3%) [3] Indications: Hypertension and heart failure
Class: Angiotensin II receptor antagonist CANNABIDIOL *
Renal (blocker), Antihypertensive
Nephrotoxicity [2] Half-life: 9 hours Trade name: Epidiolex (GW Research Ltd)
Other Clinically important, potentially hazardous Indications: treatment of seizures associated
Adverse effects [4] interactions with: aliskiren with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome or Dravet
Death [2] Pregnancy category: D syndrome in patients 2 years of age and older
Dipsia (thirst) (2–3%) [4] Important contra-indications noted in the Half-life: 56–61 hours
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Clinically important, potentially hazardous
pediatric patients interactions with: clobazam
Pregnancy category: N/A (may cause fetal
CANAKINUMAB Warning: FETAL TOXICITY
harm)
Trade name: Ilaris (Novartis) Skin
Indications: Periodic fever syndromes, systemic Angioedema [3] Skin
juvenile idiopathic arthritis Rash (7–13%)
Cardiovascular
Class: Interleukin-1 inhibitor, Monoclonal Hypotension [5] Mucosal
antibody Salivary hypersecretion (1–4%)
Half-life: 26 days Central Nervous System
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) [2] Central Nervous System
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Aggression (3–5%)
interactions with: cytochrome P450, IL-1 Headache [5]
Vertigo (dizziness) (4%) [6] Fever [2]
blockers, lenalidomide, TNF-blockers Gait instability (2–3%)
Pregnancy category: C Neuromuscular/Skeletal Insomnia (5–11%)
Important contra-indications noted in the Back pain (3%) [3] Irritability (5–9%)
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Sedation (3–6%) [2]
pediatric patients Somnolence (drowsiness) (23–25%) [9]
Gastroenteritis [2]
Note: Interleukin-1 blockade may interfere with
immune response to infections. Treatment with Respiratory Neuromuscular/Skeletal
medications that work through inhibition of IL-1 Pharyngitis (2%) Asthenia (fatigue) (11–12%) [3]
has been associated with an increased risk of Rhinitis (2%) Ataxia [2]
serious infections. Upper respiratory tract infection (6%) [3] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Endocrine/Metabolic Abdominal pain (3%)
Central Nervous System Hyperkalemia (2%) Diarrhea (9–20%) [5]
Headache [2] Renal Gastroenteritis (4%)
Vertigo (dizziness) (11%) [2] Renal failure [3] Nausea [2]
Vomiting [2]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Hematologic
Myalgia/Myopathy (11%) Neutropenia [2] Respiratory
Hypoxia (3%)
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Other Pneumonia (5–8%)
Gastroenteritis (11%) [2] Adverse effects [4]
Nausea (14%) Fetotoxicity [2] Endocrine/Metabolic
ALT increased (8–16%)
Respiratory Appetite decreased (16–22%) [3]
Bronchitis (11%) AST increased (8–16%)
Flu-like syndrome (20%) CANGRELOR Weight loss (3–5%)
Nasopharyngitis (34%) [3]
Pharyngitis (11%) Trade name: Kengreal (Medicines Co) Hematologic
Rhinitis (17%) Indications: Adjunct to percutaneous coronary Anemia (30%)
Upper respiratory tract infection [4] intervention for reducing the risk of Other
Endocrine/Metabolic periprocedural myocardial infarction, repeat Adverse effects [2]
Weight gain (11%) coronary revascularization and stent thrombosis Infection (40–41%)
Class: Antiplatelet, Antiplatelet, cyclopentyl
Hematologic triazolo-pyrimidine (CPTP)
Macrophage activation syndrome [2]
Neutropenia [2]
Half-life: 3–6 minutes
CAPECITABINE
Local interactions with: clopidogrel, prasugrel Trade name: Xeloda (Roche)
Injection-site reactions [4] Pregnancy category: C Indications: Metastatic breast or colorectal
Other Important contra-indications noted in the cancer, adjuvant colon cancer
Adverse effects [5] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Class: Antimetabolite, Antineoplastic
Infection [12] pediatric patients Half-life: 0.5–1 hour
Note: Contra-indicated in patients with Clinically important, potentially hazardous
significant active bleeding. interactions with: allopurinol, anticoagulants,
CYP2C9 substrates, erlotinib, leucovorin,
Respiratory phenprocoumon, phenytoin, warfarin
Dyspnea [5]
Renal
Nephrotoxicity (3%)
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual CAPTOPRIL
Pregnancy category: D Neuromuscular/Skeletal Hypersensitivity [2]

Important contra-indications noted in the Asthenia (fatigue) [52] Pruritus [2]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers Ataxia [2] Urticaria [2]
Note: Patients receiving concomitant Myalgia/Myopathy (9%) [3] Cardiovascular
capecitabine and oral coumarin-derivative Pain in extremities [2] Hypertension [2]
anticoagulants such as warfarin and Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
phenprocoumon should have their anticoagulant Central Nervous System
Abdominal pain [9] Pain [5]
response (INR or prothrombin time) monitored Constipation [3]
frequently in order to adjust the anticoagulant Diarrhea [74] Ocular
dose accordingly. Altered coagulation parameters Hepatotoxicity [7] Conjunctivitis [3]
and/or bleeding, including death, have been Ileus [2] Other
reported during concomitant use. Nausea [39] Adverse effects [6]
Contra-indicated in patients with severe renal Pancreatitis [2] Allergic reactions [3]
impairment or with known hypersensitivity to Vomiting [30] Death [5]
fluorouracil.
Warning: XELODA - WARFARIN Respiratory
INTERACTION Nasopharyngitis [2]
Endocrine/Metabolic CAPTOPRIL
Skin ALT increased [5]
Appetite decreased [2] Trade names: Capoten (Par), Capozide (Par)
Acneform eruption [3] Indications: Hypertension, congestive heart
Actinic keratoses [3] AST increased [5]
Hyperammonemia [2] failure, to improve survival following myocardial
Dermatitis (37%) [10] infarction in clinically stable patients with left
Edema (9%) [3] Hyperbilirubinemia [4]
Hyperglycemia [3] ventricular dysfunction, diabetic nephropathy in
Exfoliative dermatitis (31–37%) patients with Type I insulin-dependent diabetes
Hand–foot syndrome (7–58%) [171] Hypertriglyceridemia [2]
Hypophosphatemia [2] mellitus and retinopathy
Jaundice [3] Class: Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)
Lupus erythematosus [4] Hematologic inhibitor, Antihypertensive, Vasodilator
Photosensitivity [2] Anemia [26] Half-life: <3 hours
Pigmentation [10] Febrile neutropenia [4] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Pruritus [2] Hemotoxicity [2] interactions with: alcohol, aldesleukin,
Radiation recall dermatitis [6] Leukocytopenia [3] allopurinol, alpha blockers, alprostadil, amifostine,
Rash [14] Leukopenia [14] amiloride, angiotensin II receptor antagonists,
Toxicity [4] Neutropenia [48] antacids, antidiabetics, antihypertensives,
Vitiligo [2] Thrombocytopenia [22] antipsychotics, anxiolytics and hypnotics,
Xerosis [2]
Other aprotinin, azathioprine, baclofen, beta blockers,
Hair Adverse effects [6] calcium channel blockers, clonidine, cyclosporine,
Alopecia [10] Allergic reactions [2] CYP2D6 inhibitors, darunavir, diazoxide, digoxin,
Nails Death [7] diuretics, eplerenone, estrogens, everolimus,
Nail changes (7%) Infection [2] general anesthetics, gold & gold compounds,
Onycholysis [3] heparins, herbals, hydralazine, hypotensives,
Onychomadesis [2] insulin, interferon alfa, levodopa, lithium, MAO
inhibitors, metformin, methyldopa,
Paronychia [2] CAPSICUM methylphenidate, minoxidil, moxisylyte,
Pyogenic granuloma [2]
Family: Solanaceae moxonidine, naldemedine, nitrates, nitroprusside,
Mucosal NSAIDs, pentoxifylline, phosphodiesterase 5
Mucosal inflammation [2] Scientific names: Capsicum annuum, Capsicum
baccatum, Capsicum chinense, Capsicum inhibitors, potassium salts, probenecid,
Mucositis [16] prostacyclin analogues, rituximab, salicylates,
Stomatitis (24%) [19] frutescens, Capsicum pubscens
Indications: Nausea, neuropathic pain, sirolimus, spironolactone, sulfonylureas,
Cardiovascular osteoarthritis, fibromyalgia, anticarcinogen, temsirolimus, tizanidine, tolvaptan, triamterene,
Angina [4] rheumatoid arthritis, diabetic neuropathy, trimethoprim, venetoclax, yohimbine
Cardiotoxicity [5] postherpetic neuralgia (shingles), psoriasis, Pregnancy category: D (category C in first
Chest pain [3] pruritus, vitiligo, dyspepsia, flatulence, ulcers, trimester; category D in second and third
Coronary vasospasm [4] stomach cramps, hypertension, improved trimesters)
Hypertension [6] circulation, weight-loss Important contra-indications noted in the
Myocardial infarction [4] Class: Rubefacient prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
QT prolongation [2] Half-life: N/A pediatric patients
Thromboembolism [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous Note: Capozide is captopril and
Ventricular fibrillation [2] interactions with: ACE inhibitors, hydrochlorothiazide. Hydrochlorothiazide is a
Central Nervous System aminophylline, antiplatelet drugs, aspirin, latex, sulfonamide and can be absorbed systemically.
Anorexia [13] salicylic acid Sulfonamides can produce severe, possibly fatal,
Fever [2] Pregnancy category: N/A reactions such as toxic epidermal necrolysis and
Headache [2] Note: Pepper spray or gas contains 5% oleoresin Stevens-Johnson syndrome.
Leukoencephalopathy [5] capsicum (OC). It is used by police and in Warning: FETAL TOXICITY
Neurotoxicity [14] personal defense sprays.
Pain [4] Skin
Paresthesias (21%) Skin Angioedema (<15%) [45]
Peripheral neuropathy [12] Burning [5] Bullous pemphigoid [2]
Vertigo (dizziness) [3] Dermatitis [3] Dermatitis [3]
Erythema [3] DRESS syndrome [2]
Erythroderma [2]
CAPTOPRIL See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Exanthems (4–7%) [19] tenofovir alafenamide, terbinafine, tezacaftor/

Exfoliative dermatitis (<2%) [4] CARAWAY ivacaftor, thalidomide, tiagabine, ticagrelor,
Flushing [2] tipranavir, tolvaptan, tramadol, triamcinolone,
Kaposi’s sarcoma [2] Family: Apiaceae Umbelliferae troleandomycin, ulipristal, valbenazine,
Lichen planus pemphigoides [2] Scientific names: Apium carvi, Carum carvi vandetanib, vemurafenib, venetoclax, verapamil,
Lichenoid eruption [12] Indications: Hypotensive, dyspepsia, hysteria, vorapaxar, voriconazole, vortioxetine,
Linear IgA bullous dermatosis [5] tonic, stomachic, flatulent indigestion, flatulent ziprasidone, zuclopenthixol
Lupus erythematosus [8] colic of infants, fragrance, flavoring in foods, Pregnancy category: D
Mycosis fungoides [2] toothpaste, and cosmetics Note: Carbamazepine is the main cause of
Pemphigus (<2%) [24] Class: Anti-inflammatory, Carminative Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), toxic epidermal
Pemphigus foliaceus [2] Half-life: N/A necrolysis (TEN), and the hypersensitivity
Penile ulceration [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous syndrome in Han Chinese, and in peoples of
Photosensitivity [3] interactions with: none known other Southeast Asian countries, as a result of a
Phototoxicity (<2%) Pregnancy category: N/A strong pharmacogenetic association that has been
Pigmentation [2] reported in these patients between the human
Pityriasis rosea (<2%) [6] Other leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B*1502 and
Pruritus (<7%) [8] Adverse effects [4] carbamazepine.
Pseudolymphoma [2] Warning: SERIOUS DERMATOLOGIC
Psoriasis [8] REACTIONS AND HLA-B*1502 ALLELE;
Rash (4–7%) [12] APLASTIC ANEMIA AND AGRANULOCYTOSIS
CARBAMAZEPINE
Urticaria [9] Trade names: Epitol (Teva), Tegretol (Novartis) Skin
Vasculitis [7] Indications: Epilepsy, pain or trigeminal neuralgia AGEP [5]
Hair Class: Anticonvulsant, Antipsychotic, CYP1A2 Angioedema [5]
Alopecia (<2%) [4] inducer, CYP3A4 inducer, Mood stabilizer Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome
Nails Half-life: 18–55 hours [19]
Nail dystrophy [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous Bullous dermatitis [4]
Onycholysis [2] interactions with: abiraterone, acetaminophen, Dermatitis [7]
acetylcysteine, adenosine, afatinib, amitriptyline, Diaphoresis (<10%)
Mucosal amlodipine, amprenavir, apixaban, apremilast, DRESS syndrome [51]
Aphthous stomatitis (<2%) [5] aprepitant, aripiprazole, artemether/lumefantrine, Eczema [2]
Glossitis [3] bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide, Erythema multiforme [16]
Oral mucosal eruption [3] boceprevir, brigatinib, brivaracetam, Erythroderma [12]
Oral ulceration [4] buprenorphine, cabazitaxel, cabozantinib, Exanthems (>5%) [36]
Sialadenitis [2] caffeine, caspofungin, cefixime, ceritinib, charcoal, Exfoliative dermatitis [24]
Tongue ulceration [3] citalopram, clarithromycin, clobazam, Facial edema [2]
Xerostomia (<2%) clopidogrel, clorazepate, clozapine, cobicistat/ Fixed eruption [10]
Central Nervous System elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil, Hypersensitivity [71]
Ageusia (taste loss) (2–4%) [11] cobimetinib, copanlisib, crizotinib, dabigatran, Lichen planus [2]
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (metallic or daclatasvir, darunavir, dasabuvir/ombitasvir/ Lichenoid eruption [8]
salty taste) (2–4%) [14] paritaprevir/ritonavir, dasatinib, deflazacort, Lupus erythematosus [35]
Hallucinations [2] delavirdine, dexamethasone, diltiazem, Lymphoma [2]
Paresthesias (<2%) doxacurium, doxycycline, dronedarone, Lymphoproliferative disease [5]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic efavirenz, elbasvir & grazoprevir, eliglustat, Mycosis fungoides [3]
Hepatotoxicity [3] emtricitabine/rilpivirine/tenofovir alafenamide, Pemphigus [3]
Nausea [2] enzalutamide, erythromycin, eslicarbazepine, Photosensitivity [9]
estradiol, ethosuximide, etravirine, ezogabine, Pruritus [7]
Respiratory felodipine, fesoterodine, flibanserin, Pseudolymphoma [17]
Cough [19] fosamprenavir, gefitinib, glecaprevir & Purpura [8]
Endocrine/Metabolic pibrentasvir, ibrutinib, idelalisib, imatinib, Pustules [5]
Gynecomastia [3] indinavir, influenza vaccine, isavuconazonium Rash (>10%) [31]
sulfate, isotretinoin, itraconazole, ixabepilone, Serum sickness [2]
Renal
ixazomib, lacosamide, lapatinib, ledipasvir & Stevens-Johnson syndrome (<10%) [103]
Nephrotoxicity [2]
sofosbuvir, lesinurad, levetiracetam, Toxic epidermal necrolysis (<10%) [93]
Other levomepromazine, levonorgestrel, linezolid, Toxic pustuloderma [3]
Adverse effects [4] lopinavir, methylprednisolone, midazolam, Toxicity [2]
Allergic reactions [2] midostaurin, mifepristone, naldemedine, Urticaria [14]
nelfinavir, neratinib, nevirapine, nifedipine, Vasculitis [7]
nilotinib, nintedanib, olanzapine, olaparib, Hair
ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir, ondansetron, Alopecia [7]
osimertinib, oxcarbazepine, oxtriphylline,
paclitaxel, palbociclib, paliperidone, perampanel, Mucosal
pimavanserin, piracetam, ponatinib, prednisolone, Mucocutaneous eruption [4]
propoxyphene, regorafenib, rilpivirine, riociguat, Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome
risperidone, ritonavir, rivaroxaban, roflumilast, (Kawasaki syndrome) [2]
romidepsin, rufinamide, simeprevir, simvastatin, Oral ulceration [2]
sodium picosulfate, sofosbuvir, sofosbuvir & Tongue ulceration [2]
velpatasvir, sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/voxilaprevir, Cardiovascular
solifenacin, sonidegib, sorafenib, St John’s wort, Bradycardia [3]
sunitinib, telaprevir, telithromycin, temsirolimus, Myocarditis [2]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual CARFILZOMIB
Central Nervous System Hypersensitivity (2%) [27] Otic

Ageusia (taste loss) [3] Pigmentation [2] Ototoxicity [7]
Coma [3] Pruritus (2%) [2] Tinnitus [3]
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) [2] Radiation recall dermatitis [2] Local
Headache [5] Rash (2%) [10] Injection-site pain (>10%)
Memory loss [2] Scleroderma [2]
Seizures [13] Toxicity [6] Other
Somnolence (drowsiness) [8] Urticaria (2%) [4] Adverse effects [3]
Tic disorder [4] Allergic reactions [4]
Hair Death [7]
Vertigo (dizziness) [8] Alopecia (3%) [18] Infection [5]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Alopecia areata [2]
Asthenia (fatigue) [3] Mucosal
Ataxia [5] Epistaxis (nosebleed) [2]
Myasthenia gravis [2] Mucositis [5]
CARFILZOMIB
Osteoporosis [2] Stomatitis (>10%) [2] Trade name: Kyprolis (Onyx)
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Cardiovascular Indications: Multiple myeloma
Diarrhea [2] Hypertension [9] Class: Proteasome inhibitor
Hepatotoxicity [11] Half-life: ~1 hour
Nausea [5] Central Nervous System
Anorexia [8] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Pancreatitis [3] interactions with: none known
Vanishing bile duct syndrome [4] Fever [2]
Headache [2] Pregnancy category: D
Vomiting [3] Important contra-indications noted in the
Leukoencephalopathy [2]
Respiratory Neurotoxicity [16] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Respiratory depression [2] Pain [2] pediatric patients
Endocrine/Metabolic Paresthesias [2]
Acute intermittent porphyria [5] Peripheral neuropathy [9] Skin
Hyponatremia [5] Vertigo (dizziness) [2] Herpes zoster (reactivation) (2%) [2]
SIADH [17] Neuromuscular/Skeletal Peripheral edema (24%) [3]
Weight gain [5] Asthenia (fatigue) [27] Tumor lysis syndrome [2]
Renal Myalgia/Myopathy [3] Cardiovascular
Nephrotoxicity [2] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Cardiac failure (7%) [4]
Hematologic Constipation [3] Cardiotoxicity [7]
Agranulocytosis [2] Diarrhea [16] Chest pain (11%)
Eosinophilia [2] Dyspepsia [2] Hypertension (14%) [9]
Leukopenia [3] Gastrointestinal perforation [2] Central Nervous System
Thrombocytopenia [3] Hepatotoxicity [4] Anorexia (12%)
Otic Nausea [17] Chills (16%)
Hallucinations, auditory [2] Pancreatitis [2] Fever (30%) [7]
Vomiting [18] Headache (28%) [3]
Ocular Hypoesthesia (12%)
Diplopia [2] Respiratory
Cough [2] Insomnia (18%) [2]
Other Hemoptysis [3] Pain (12%)
Adverse effects [8] Pneumonia [2] Peripheral neuropathy (14%) [15]
Allergic reactions [9] Pulmonary toxicity [3] Vertigo (dizziness) (13%)
Death [6] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Side effects [3] Endocrine/Metabolic
ALT increased [4] Arthralgia (16%)
Teratogenicity [12] Asthenia (fatigue) (13–56%) [18]
AST increased [3]
Hyperbilirubinemia [2] Back pain (20%)
Hyperglycemia [5] Muscle spasm (14%) [2]
CARBOPLATIN Hyponatremia [3] Pain in extremities (13%)
SIADH [3] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Trade name: Paraplatin (Bristol-Myers Squibb) Constipation (21%) [3]
Indications: Various carcinomas and sarcomas Renal
Nephrotoxicity [9] Diarrhea (33%) [7]
Class: Alkylating agent, Antineoplastic Nausea (45%) [14]
Half-life: terminal: 22–40 hours Proteinuria [3]
Vomiting (22%) [4]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Hematologic
interactions with: aldesleukin, bexarotene Anemia [29] Respiratory
Pregnancy category: D Febrile neutropenia [22] Cough (26%) [5]
Important contra-indications noted in the Hemolytic anemia [2] Dyspnea (35%) [11]
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Hemorrhage [2] Pneumonia (13%) [7]
mothers; pediatric patients Hemotoxicity [8] Pulmonary hypertension (2%)
Leukopenia [13] Upper respiratory tract infection (28%) [5]
Skin Lymphopenia [3] Endocrine/Metabolic
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [5] Myelosuppression [2] AST increased (13%)
Erythema (2%) [2] Myelotoxicity [2] Hypercalcemia (11%)
Exanthems [3] Neutropenia [56] Hyperglycemia (12%) [3]
Flushing [3] Pancytopenia [2] Hypokalemia (14%) [3]
Hand–foot syndrome [5] Thrombocytopenia [40] Hypomagnesemia (14%)
CARFILZOMIB Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Hyponatremia (10%) [2] Constipation (6–11%) [11] Skin

Hypophosphatemia (11%) [3] Diarrhea (<5%) [5] Dermatitis [3]
Serum creatinine increased [5] Dyspepsia (4–9%) [6] Flushing (<10%) [2]
Renal Hepatotoxicity (<3%) Pigmentation (on accidental contact) [2]
Nephrotoxicity [3] Nausea (5–13%) [11] Telangiectasia [2]
Renal failure [2] Vomiting (4–10%) [9] Hair
Hematologic Respiratory Alopecia (<10%)
Anemia (47%) [22] Cough (<4%) Mucosal
Hemotoxicity [2] Nasopharyngitis (<2%) Stomatitis (<10%)
Leukopenia (14%) [4] Endocrine/Metabolic Central Nervous System
Lymphopenia (24%) [7] Appetite decreased (<4%) Intracranial hemorrhage [2]
Neutropenia (21%) [10] Creatine phosphokinase increased (<3%) Meningococcal infection [2]
Thrombocytopenia (36%) [21] Weight gain (2–3%) [7] Seizures [2]
Other Genitourinary Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Adverse effects [3] Urinary tract infection (<2%) Asthenia (fatigue) [2]
Ocular Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Vision blurred (4%) [3] Nausea [2]
CARIPRAZINE Other Vomiting [2]
Adverse effects [3] Hematologic
Trade name: Vraylar (Forest) Toothache (3–6%) [2]
Indications: Schizophrenia, manic or mixed Leukopenia [2]
episodes associated with bipolar I disorder Thrombocytopenia [2]
Class: Antipsychotic Local
Half-life: 2–4 days CARISOPRODOL Injection-site burning (>10%)
interactions with: CYP3A4 inducers Trade name: Soma (MedPointe)
Pregnancy category: N/A (Neonatal risk in Indications: Painful musculoskeletal disorders
third trimester exposure) Class: Central muscle relaxant CARVEDILOL
Important contra-indications noted in the Half-life: 4–6 hours
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Trade name: Coreg (GSK)
interactions with: CNS depressants, eucalyptus, Indications: Hypertension
meprobamate Class: Adrenergic beta-receptor antagonist
Warning: INCREASED MORTALITY IN
Pregnancy category: C Half-life: 7–10 hours
ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH DEMENTIA-
Important contra-indications noted in the Clinically important, potentially hazardous
RELATED PSYCHOSIS
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing interactions with: cinacalcet, delavirdine,
mothers; pediatric patients efavirenz, irbesartan, leflunomide, propafenone,
Skin Note: Contra-indicated in patients with acute trimethoprim, venetoclax, voriconazole,
Rash (<2%) intermittent porphyria. zafirlukast
Mucosal Pregnancy category: C
Oropharyngeal pain (<3%) Important contra-indications noted in the
Skin prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Xerostomia (<3%) Angioedema (<10%) pediatric patients
Cardiovascular Fixed eruption [2]
Hypertension (2–6%) Flushing (<10%)
Tachycardia (<3%) Urticaria [2] Skin
Diaphoresis (3%)
Central Nervous System Central Nervous System Edema (generalized) (5–6%) [2]
Agitation (3–5%) Amnesia [2] Peripheral edema (<7%)
Akathisia (20–21%) [23] Trembling (<10%) Purpura (<3%)
Anxiety (3–6%) [3] Other
Extrapyramidal symptoms (15–29%) [18] Cardiovascular
Death [2] Angina (2–6%)
Fever (<4%) [4]
Headache (9–18%) [10] Atrial fibrillation [2]
Insomnia (8–13%) [13] Atrioventricular block (<3%)
Mania (worsening) [2] CARMUSTINE Bradycardia (2–10%) [7]
Parkinsonism (13–26%) [4] Cardiac failure [2]
Restlessness (4–7%) [8] Trade names: BiCNU (Bristol-Myers Squibb), Congestive heart failure [2]
Schizophrenia (worsening) [3] Gliadel Wafer (Guilford) Extrasystoles [2]
Sedation [7] Indications: Brain tumors, Hodgkin’s disease, Hypertension (<3%)
Somnolence (drowsiness) (5–10%) [4] multiple myeloma Hypotension (9–14%) [8]
Tremor [10] Class: Alkylating agent, Nitrosourea Palpitation (<3%)
Vertigo (dizziness) (3–7%) [8] Half-life: initial: 1.4 minutes; secondary: 20 Postural hypotension (<3%)
minutes Central Nervous System
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Arthralgia (<2%) Fever (<3%)
interactions with: aldesleukin, cimetidine,
Asthenia (fatigue) (<5%) Headache (5–8%) [2]
clorazepate
Back pain (<3%) Pain (9%)
Dystonia (2–5%) [2] Paresthesias (2%)
Pain in extremities [2] Somnolence (drowsiness) (<3%)
Syncope (3–8%)
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic pediatric patients
Vertigo (dizziness) (24–32%) [5]
Abdominal pain (3–8%) [2]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual CEFACLOR
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Constipation (<5%)

Arthralgia (<6%) CASPOFUNGIN Diarrhea (6–27%)
Asthenia (fatigue) (7–24%) [2] Dyspepsia (<5%)
Muscle spasm (<3%) Trade name: Cancidas (Merck) Hepatic failure (<5%)
Myalgia/Myopathy (3%) Indications: Invasive Aspergillus and Candida Hepatotoxicity (<5%) [8]
infections Nausea (5–15%) [2]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Class: Antifungal
Black stools (<3%) Vomiting (9–17%) [2]
Half-life: beta phase: 9–11 hours; terminal: 40–50
Diarrhea (2–12%) hours Respiratory
Nausea (4–9%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous Cough (6–11%)
Vomiting (<6%) interactions with: carbamazepine, cyclosporine, Dyspnea (9%)
Respiratory dexamethasone, efavirenz, nevirapine, phenytoin, Flu-like syndrome (3%)
Cough (5–8%) rifampin, tacrolimus Hypoxia (<5%)
Dyspnea [4] Pregnancy category: C Pleural effusion (9%)
Stridor [2] Important contra-indications noted in the Pneumonia (4–11%)
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Respiratory distress (8%)
Endocrine/Metabolic Respiratory failure (6–11%)
ALP increased (<3%) [2] pediatric patients
Tachypnea (8%)
Creatine phosphokinase increased (<3%)
[3] Skin Endocrine/Metabolic
Diabetes mellitus (<3%) Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis (<2%) ALP increased (12–23%) [4]
GGT increased (<3%) Edema (~3%) ALT increased (4–18%) [4]
Hypercholesterolemia (<4%) Erythema (<4%) Appetite decreased (<5%)
Hyperglycemia (5–12%) Facial edema (3%) AST increased (6–16%) [5]
Hyperkalemia (<3%) [2] Flushing (3%) Hypercalcemia (<5%)
Hyperuricemia (<3%) Jaundice (<5%) Hyperglycemia (<5%)
Hypervolemia (<3%) Peripheral edema (11%) Hypokalemia (6–8%) [3]
Hypoglycemia (<3%) Petechiae (<5%) Hypomagnesemia (<5%)
Hyponatremia (<3%) Pruritus (2–7%) Genitourinary
Hypovolemia (<3%) Rash (4–16%) [5] Hematuria (<5%)
Weight gain (10–12%) Septic–toxic shock (11–13%) Urinary tract infection (<5%)
Weight loss (<3%) Ulcerations (3%) Renal
Genitourinary Urticaria (<5%) Nephrotoxicity [5]
Albuminuria (<3%) Vasculitis (2%) Renal failure (<5%)
Hematuria (<3%) Mucosal Hematologic
Impotence (<3%) Epistaxis (nosebleed) (<5%) Anemia (2–11%)
Hematologic Mucosal inflammation (6–10%) Coagulopathy (<5%)
Anemia [2] Cardiovascular Eosinophilia [2]
Prothrombin time decreased (<3%) Arrhythmias (<5%) Febrile neutropenia (<5%)
Thrombocytopenia (<3%) Atrial fibrillation (<5%) Neutropenia (<5%)
Ocular Bradycardia (<5%) Sepsis (5%)
Abnormal vision (5%) Cardiac arrest (<5%) Thrombocytopenia (<5%) [2]
Vision blurred (<3%) Hypertension (5–10%) Local
Hypotension (6–12%) Infusion-related reactions [4]
Other Myocardial infarction (<5%)
Adverse effects [8] Infusion-site pain (<5%)
Phlebitis (18%) [3] Infusion-site reactions (<5%) [2]
Infection (2%) Tachycardia (4–7%) Injection-site induration (~3%)
Thrombophlebitis [2] Injection-site reactions (2–12%) [4]
Central Nervous System Other
CASCARA Anxiety (<5%) Adverse effects [8]
Chills (9–23%)
Family: Rhamnaceae Confusion (<5%)
Scientific names: Frangula purshianus, Rhamnus Depression (<5%)
purshiana Fever (6–29%) [8] CEFACLOR
Indications: Atonic constipation, dyspepsia, Headache (5–15%) [3]
colitis, diverticulitis, dyspepsia, gallstones, gout, Insomnia (<5%) Trade name: Ceclor (Lilly)
hemorrhoids, hypertension, indigestion, insomnia, Pain (<5%) Indications: Various infections caused by
jaundice, liver disease, nervous disorders, Paresthesias (<3%) susceptible organisms
parasites, stomach disorders Seizures (<5%) Class: Cephalosporin, 2nd generation
Class: Stimulant laxative Tremor (<2%) Half-life: 0.6–0.9 hours
Half-life: N/A Vertigo (dizziness) (<5%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Clinically important, potentially hazardous interactions with: none known
interactions with: antiarrhythmics, cardiac Neuromuscular/Skeletal Pregnancy category: B
glycosides, corticosteroids, licorice, thiazide Arthralgia (<5%) Important contra-indications noted in the
diuretics Asthenia (fatigue) (<5%) prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Pregnancy category: N/A Back pain (<5%) mothers; pediatric patients
Myalgia/Myopathy (~3%) Note: Penicillin and cephalosporins share a
Pain in extremities (<5%) common beta-lactam structure. People who are
Hepatotoxicity [2] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic allergic to penicillin are approximately 4 times
Abdominal distension (<5%) more likely to develop an allergic reaction to a
Abdominal pain (7–9%) cephalosporin than those people who have no
CEFACLOR See all our books at www.crcpress.com
penicillin allergy (from 5–16% of patients allergic penicillin allergy (from 5–16% of patients allergic Pregnancy category: B
to penicillin develop reactions to cephalosporins). to penicillin develop reactions to cephalosporins). Important contra-indications noted in the
Skin Skin pediatric patients
AGEP [2] Rash (3%) Note: Penicillin and cephalosporins share a
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [5] common beta-lactam structure. People who are
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic allergic to penicillin are approximately 4 times
Erythema multiforme [6] Red stools [2]
Exanthems [9] more likely to develop an allergic reaction to a
Fixed eruption [2] Genitourinary cephalosporin than those people who have no
Pruritus [4] Vulvovaginal candidiasis (5%) penicillin allergy (from 5–16% of patients allergic
Purpura [2] Other to penicillin develop reactions to cephalosporins).
Rash (<2%) [2] Adverse effects [2]
Serum sickness [7] Skin
Serum sickness-like reaction [23] Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis (<2%)
Urticaria [5] CEFEPIME Angioedema (<2%)
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Erythema multiforme (<2%)
Diarrhea [2] Trade name: Maxipime (Elan) Facial edema (<2%)
Indications: Various infections caused by Jaundice (<2%)
Other Pruritus (<2%)
Adverse effects [3] susceptible organisms
Class: Cephalosporin, 4th generation Pruritus ani et vulvae (<2%)
Half-life: 2–2.3 hours Rash (<2%) [2]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Serum sickness-like reaction (<2%)
CEFADROXIL interactions with: none known Stevens-Johnson syndrome (<2%)
Pregnancy category: B Toxic epidermal necrolysis (<2%)
Trade name: Duricef (Warner Chilcott) Important contra-indications noted in the Urticaria (<2%) [2]
Indications: Various infections caused by prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Central Nervous System
susceptible organisms mothers Fever (<2%)
Class: Cephalosporin, 1st generation Note: Penicillin and cephalosporins share a
Half-life: 1.2–1.5 hours Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
common beta-lactam structure. People who are Abdominal pain (3%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous allergic to penicillin are approximately 4 times
interactions with: none known Diarrhea (16%)
more likely to develop an allergic reaction to a Dyspepsia (3%)
Pregnancy category: B cephalosporin than those people who have no
Important contra-indications noted in the Flatulence (4%)
penicillin allergy (from 5–16% of patients allergic Hepatitis (<2%)
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers to penicillin develop reactions to cephalosporins).
Note: Penicillin and cephalosporins share a Loose stools (6%)
common beta-lactam structure. People who are Nausea (7%)
allergic to penicillin are approximately 4 times Skin Pseudomembranous colitis (<2%)
more likely to develop an allergic reaction to a Exanthems (2%) Endocrine/Metabolic
cephalosporin than those people who have no Hypersensitivity [2] ALP increased (<2%)
penicillin allergy (from 5–16% of patients allergic Lupus erythematosus [2] Creatine phosphokinase increased (<2%)
to penicillin develop reactions to cephalosporins). Pruritus [3]
Rash (51%) [12] Genitourinary
Stevens-Johnson syndrome [2] Vaginitis (<2%)
Skin Vulvovaginal candidiasis (<2%)
Urticaria [2] Central Nervous System
Encephalopathy [10] Renal
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Headache [3] Renal failure (<2%)
Diarrhea [2] Neurotoxicity [15]
Nausea [2] Seizures [16]
Other Status epilepticus [5] CEFOTAXIME
Adverse effects [3] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Myoclonus [2] Trade name: Claforan (Sanofi-Aventis)
Indications: Various infections caused by
Local
CEFDINIR Injection-site reactions (3%) [2]
susceptible organisms
Class: Cephalosporin, 3rd generation
Trade name: Omnicef (Medicis) Other Half-life: 1 hour (adults)
Indications: Community-acquired pneumonia Adverse effects [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
and various infections caused by susceptible interactions with: none known
organisms Pregnancy category: B
Class: Cephalosporin, 3rd generation CEFIXIME prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Trade name: Suprax (Lupin) Note: Penicillin and cephalosporins share a
interactions with: none known Indications: Various infections caused by common beta-lactam structure. People who are
Pregnancy category: B susceptible organisms allergic to penicillin are approximately 4 times
Important contra-indications noted in the Class: Cephalosporin, 3rd generation more likely to develop an allergic reaction to a
prescribing guidelines for: pediatric patients Half-life: 3–4 hours cephalosporin than those people who have no
Note: Penicillin and cephalosporins share a Clinically important, potentially hazardous penicillin allergy (from 5–16% of patients allergic
common beta-lactam structure. People who are interactions with: aminoglycosides, to penicillin develop reactions to cephalosporins).
allergic to penicillin are approximately 4 times anticoagulants, BCG vaccine, carbamazepine,
more likely to develop an allergic reaction to a probenecid, typhoid vaccine, warfarin Skin
cephalosporin than those people who have no Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis (2%)
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual CEFTAZIDIME & AVIBACTAM
DRESS syndrome [4]

Skin Skin
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis (<2%) Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis (2%)
Exanthems [3]
Hypersensitivity (<2%) [2] [3]
Pruritus [7] Angioedema (2%)
Pruritus (2%) [3]
Rash (3%) [9] Erythema multiforme (2%)
Rash (2%) [3]
Urticaria (<2%) Hypersensitivity (2%)
Stevens-Johnson syndrome [2]
Cardiovascular Pemphigus erythematodes [2]
Urticaria (2%)
Bradycardia (<2%) Pruritus (2%) [3]
Local Rash (2%) [5]
Hypertension [2]
Injection-site inflammation (4%) Stevens-Johnson syndrome (2%)
Palpitation (<2%)
Injection-site pain (<10%) Toxic epidermal necrolysis (2%)
Phlebitis (2%) [3]
Other Central Nervous System
Adverse effects [2] Encephalopathy [2]
Fever (<2%)
Headache [9] Seizures [3]
Insomnia [5] Local
CEFOTETAN Seizures (<2%) Injection-site inflammation (2%)
Vertigo (dizziness) (<2%) Injection-site reactions [2]
Indications: Various infections caused by Injection-site thrombophlebitis (2%)
susceptible organisms
Abdominal pain (<2%) Other
Class: Cephalosporin, 2nd generation
Colitis (<2%) Adverse effects [3]
Constipation (2%) Death [2]
Diarrhea (5%) [10]
Hepatotoxicity (<2%)
Nausea (4%) [9]
Vomiting (2%)
CEFTAZIDIME &
pediatric patients Respiratory AVIBACTAM
Note: Penicillin and cephalosporins share a Eosinophilic pneumonia [3]
common beta-lactam structure. People who are Trade name: Avycaz (Cerexa)
Endocrine/Metabolic Indications: Various infections caused by
allergic to penicillin are approximately 4 times ALT increased (2%)
more likely to develop an allergic reaction to a susceptible organisms
Hyperglycemia (<2%) Class: Antibiotic, beta-lactam (avibactam),
cephalosporin than those people who have no Hyperkalemia (<2%)
penicillin allergy (from 5–16% of patients allergic Cephalosporin, 3rd generation (ceftazidime)
Hypokalemia (2%) [2] Half-life: <3 hours
to penicillin develop reactions to cephalosporins).
Renal Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Renal failure (<2%) interactions with: probenecid
Skin Pregnancy category: B
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [3] Hematologic
Anemia (<2%) Important contra-indications noted in the
Rash [2] prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Eosinophilia (<2%) [2]
Hematologic Neutropenia (<2%) [3] mothers; pediatric patients
Hemolytic anemia [12] Thrombocytopenia (<2%) Note: See also separate entry for ceftazidime.
Other Other
Death [5] Adverse effects [4] Skin
Infection [2] Rash (<5%)
CEFTAROLINE Anxiety (10%) [3]
FOSAMIL CEFTAZIDIME Fever [4]

Headache [3]
Trade names: Ceptaz (GSK), Fortaz Vertigo (dizziness) (6%)
Trade name: Teflaro (Forest)
(Concordia), Tazicef (Hospira) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Indications: Acute bacterial skin and skin
Indications: Various infections caused by Abdominal pain (7%) [5]
structure infections, community-acquired
susceptible organisms Constipation (10%) [2]
bacterial pneumonia
Class: Cephalosporin, 3rd generation Diarrhea [5]
Class: Antibacterial, Cephalosporin, 5th
Half-life: 1–2 hours Hepatotoxicity [4]
generation
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Nausea (2%) [5]
Half-life: 3 hours
interactions with: none known Vomiting [5]
interactions with: BCG vaccine, probenecid, Endocrine/Metabolic
typhoid vaccine ALP increased (3%)
Pregnancy category: B ALT increased (3%) [3]
mothers
Important contra-indications noted in the AST increased [3]
Note: Penicillin and cephalosporins share a
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing GGT increased (<5%)
common beta-lactam structure. People who are
mothers; pediatric patients Renal
allergic to penicillin are approximately 4 times
Note: Penicillin and cephalosporins share a Nephrotoxicity (<5%)
more likely to develop an allergic reaction to a
common beta-lactam structure. People who are Renal failure (<5%) [4]
cephalosporin than those people who have no
allergic to penicillin are approximately 4 times
penicillin allergy (from 5–16% of patients allergic Hematologic
to penicillin develop reactions to cephalosporins). Eosinophilia (<5%)
See also separate profile for Ceftazidime & Prothrombin time increased (<5%)
penicillin allergy (from 5–16% of patients allergic
Avibactam. Thrombocytopenia (<5%)
to penicillin develop reactions to cephalosporins).
CEFTAZIDIME & AVIBACTAM Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Local Cardiovascular Central Nervous System

Injection-site reactions [4] Hypertension [3] Fever [2]
Other Central Nervous System Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Adverse effects [2] Fever (2%) [5] Cholelithiasis (gallstones) [4]
Headache (3%) [8] Diarrhea [6]
Insomnia [2] Hepatotoxicity [7]
CEFTOBIPROLE Somnolence (drowsiness) [2] Nausea [4]
Vomiting [2]
Trade names: BAL5788 (Basilea) (Cilag AG), Myalgia/Myopathy [2] Respiratory
Zeftera (Janssen) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Dyspnea [2]
Indications: Bacterial infections, MRSA Constipation (4%) [4] Renal
Class: Cephalosporin, 5th generation Diarrhea (2%) [10] Biliary pseudolithiasis [8]
Half-life: 3 hours Nausea (3%) [11] Nephrolithiasis [2]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Vomiting [3] Nephrotoxicity [6]
interactions with: alcohol, anticoagulants, BCG Renal failure [3]
vaccine, carbenicillin, dipyridamole, heparin, Endocrine/Metabolic
pentoxifylline, plicamycin, sulfinpyrazone, ALT increased (2%) Hematologic
ticarcillin, typhoid vaccine, valproic acid AST increased (2%) Eosinophilia [2]
Pregnancy category: N/A (not recommended Hematologic Hemolysis [9]
in pregnancy) Anemia [2] Hemolytic anemia [15]
Important contra-indications noted in the Thrombocytopenia [4]
Local
Infusion-site reactions [2] Local
pediatric patients Injection-site pain (<10%) [3]
Note: Penicillin and cephalosporins share a Injection-site phlebitis [2]
common beta-lactam structure. People who are Other
allergic to penicillin are approximately 4 times CEFTRIAXONE Adverse effects [7]
Trade name: Rocephin (Roche) Death [9]
Indications: Various infections caused by Side effects (3%) [2]
penicillin allergy (from 5–16% of patients allergic
to penicillin develop reactions to cephalosporins). susceptible organisms
Class: Antibiotic, Cephalosporin, 3rd generation
Skin
Half-life: 5–9 hours CEFUROXIME
Erythema (9%) interactions with: aminoglycosides, coumarins, Trade names: Ceftin (GSK), Zinacef (Concordia)
Pruritus (9%) histamine H2 antagonists, oral typhoid vaccine, Indications: Various infections caused by
Central Nervous System probenecid susceptible organisms
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (8%) [3] Pregnancy category: B Class: Cephalosporin, 2nd generation
Headache [2] Important contra-indications noted in the Half-life: 1–2 hours
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Abdominal pain [2] pediatric patients interactions with: none known
Diarrhea [4] Note: Penicillin and cephalosporins share a Pregnancy category: B
Nausea [6] common beta-lactam structure. People who are Important contra-indications noted in the
Vomiting [4] allergic to penicillin are approximately 4 times prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers
more likely to develop an allergic reaction to a Note: Penicillin and cephalosporins share a
Endocrine/Metabolic cephalosporin than those people who have no common beta-lactam structure. People who are
Hyponatremia [2] penicillin allergy (from 5–16% of patients allergic allergic to penicillin are approximately 4 times
Local to penicillin develop reactions to cephalosporins). more likely to develop an allergic reaction to a
Infusion-site reactions [2] cephalosporin than those people who have no
Other Skin penicillin allergy (from 5–16% of patients allergic
Adverse effects [3] AGEP [4] to penicillin develop reactions to cephalosporins).
Angioedema [3] Skin
CEFTOLOZANE & Candidiasis (5%) [3]
Dermatitis [2]
AGEP [2]
TAZOBACTAM DRESS syndrome [2] Exanthems [2]
Erythroderma [2] Hypersensitivity [4]
Trade name: Zerbaxa (Cubist) Exanthems [7] Serum sickness-like reaction [2]
Indications: Various infections caused by Flushing [2] Toxic epidermal necrolysis [2]
susceptible organisms Hypersensitivity [4] Urticaria [2]
Class: Antibacterial, Antibiotic, beta-lactam, Linear IgA bullous dermatosis [2] Cardiovascular
Cephalosporin, 5th generation Pruritus [2] Thrombophlebitis (<10%)
Half-life: <3 hours Rash (2%) [5]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Serum sickness-like reaction [2] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
interactions with: none known Urticaria [4] Nausea [2]
Pregnancy category: B Mucosal Ocular
Important contra-indications noted in the Glossitis [2] Ocular toxicity [2]
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Other
Cardiovascular
Hypotension [2] Kounis syndrome [3]
Phlebitis [2]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual CEPHALEXIN
Hair
CELECOXIB Alopecia (<2%) [3] CELIPROLOL
Trade name: Celebrex (Pfizer) Nails Trade names: Celectol (Winthrop), Celol
Indications: Osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis Nail changes (<2%) (Pacific), Selectol (Sanofi-Aventis)
(adults and juveniles aged 2 years and over), Mucosal Indications: Hypertension, angina pectoris
ankylosing spondylitis, acute pain, primary Stomatitis (<2%) [4] Class: Beta blocker
dysmenorrhea Xerostomia (<2%) Half-life: 5–6 hours
Class: COX-2 inhibitor, Non-steroidal anti- Cardiovascular Clinically important, potentially hazardous
inflammatory (NSAID), Sulfonamide Cardiotoxicity [2] interactions with: amiodarone, bepridil,
Half-life: 11 hours Hypertension [2] diltiazem, disopyramide, floctafenine, quinidine,
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Myocardial infarction [4] theophylline, verapamil
interactions with: ACE inhibitors, aliskiren, Pregnancy category: N/A
angiotensin II receptor antagonists, aspirin, Central Nervous System Important contra-indications noted in the
dexibuprofen, fluconazole, furosemide, lithium, Anorexia [3] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers
NSAIDs, warfarin Depression [2]
Pregnancy category: D (pregnancy category C Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (<2%)
Headache [3] Central Nervous System
prior to 30 weeks gestation; category D starting Headache [2]
at 30 weeks gestation) Paresthesias (<2%)
Stroke [3] Vertigo (dizziness) [2]
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Vertigo (dizziness) [3] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
mothers; pediatric patients Neuromuscular/Skeletal Asthenia (fatigue) [3]
Note: Celecoxib is a sulfonamide and can be Asthenia (fatigue) [6]
absorbed systemically. Sulfonamides can produce Myalgia/Myopathy (<2%)
severe, possibly fatal, reactions such as toxic Tendinopathy/Tendon rupture (<2%) CEPHALEXIN
epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson
syndrome. NSAIDs may cause an increased risk Synonym: cefalexin
Abdominal pain [11]
of serious cardiovascular and gastrointestinal Trade names: Keflex (Advancis), Keftab (Biovail)
Constipation [5]
adverse events, which can be fatal. This risk may Indications: Various infections caused by
Diarrhea [12]
increase with duration of use. susceptible organisms
Dyspepsia [10]
Contra-indicated in patients with known Class: Cephalosporin, 1st generation
Flatulence [2]
hypersensitivity to celecoxib, aspirin, or other Half-life: 0.9–1.2 hours
Gastrointestinal bleeding [4]
NSAIDs; in patients who have demonstrated Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Hepatotoxicity [3]
allergic-type reactions to sulfonamides; in patients interactions with: amikacin, gentamicin,
Nausea [15]
who have experienced asthma, urticaria, or metformin
Vomiting [10]
allergic-type reactions after taking aspirin or other Pregnancy category: B
NSAIDs; and for the treatment of peri-operative Endocrine/Metabolic Important contra-indications noted in the
pain in the setting of coronary artery bypass graft Dehydration [2] prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
surgery. Mastodynia (<2%) mothers
Warning: CARDIOVASCULAR AND Genitourinary Note: Penicillin and cephalosporins share a
GASTROINTESTINAL RISKS Vaginitis (<2%) common beta-lactam structure. People who are
Vulvovaginal candidiasis (<2%) allergic to penicillin are approximately 4 times
Skin more likely to develop an allergic reaction to a
Renal
AGEP [7] cephalosporin than those people who have no
Nephrotoxicity [4]
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [8] penicillin allergy (from 5–16% of patients allergic
Hematologic to penicillin develop reactions to cephalosporins).
Angioedema [9]
Anemia [2]
Bacterial infection (<2%)
Neutropenia [4]
Candidiasis (<2%) Skin
Dermatitis (<2%) [2] Ocular AGEP [4]
Diaphoresis (<2%) Visual disturbances [3] Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [4]
Edema (<2%) [5] Local Angioedema [2]
Erythema [2] Application-site cellulitis (<2%) Bullous pemphigoid [2]
Erythema multiforme [3] Application-site reactions (<2%) Erythema multiforme [3]
Exanthems (<2%) [7] Exanthems [3]
Facial edema (<2%)
Other
Pemphigus [2]
Fixed eruption [2] Pruritus [3]
Herpes simplex (<2%) Allergic reactions (<2%) [2]
Pustules [2]
Herpes zoster (<2%) Death [4]
Hot flashes (<2%) Infection (<2%)
Hypersensitivity [8] Tooth disorder (<2%)
Urticaria [2]
Nodular eruption (<2%) Other
Peripheral edema (2%) [2] Adverse effects [2]
Photosensitivity (<2%) Side effects (2%) [2]
Pruritus (<2%) [6]
Rash (2%) [11]
Sweet’s syndrome [3]
Urticaria (<2%) [11]
Vasculitis [4]
Xerosis (<2%)
CERTOLIZUMAB See all our books at www.crcpress.com
CERTOLIZUMAB CETIRIZINE CETRORELIX

Trade name: Cimzia (Celltech) (UCB) Trade name: Zyrtec (Pfizer) Trade name: Cetrotide (Merck)
Indications: Crohn’s disease, rheumatoid Indications: Allergic rhinitis, urticaria Indications: Inhibition of premature luteinizing
arthritis Class: Histamine H1 receptor antagonist hormone surges in women undergoing controlled
Class: Disease-modifying antirheumatic drug Half-life: 8–11 hours ovarian stimulation
(DMARD), Monoclonal antibody, TNF inhibitor Clinically important, potentially hazardous Class: Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
Half-life: 14 days interactions with: alcohol, CNS depressants, antagonist
Clinically important, potentially hazardous pilsicainide Half-life: 5 hours
interactions with: abatacept, anakinra, Pregnancy category: B Clinically important, potentially hazardous
lenalidomide, live vaccines, natalizumab, Important contra-indications noted in the interactions with: none known
rituximab prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers Pregnancy category: X
Pregnancy category: N/A (Limited evidence Important contra-indications noted in the
insufficient to inform drug-associated risk) Skin prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers
Important contra-indications noted in the Acneform eruption (<2%)
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis (<2%) Skin
pediatric patients [2] Hot flashes [2]
Note: TNF inhibitors should be used in patients Angioedema (<2%)
with heart failure only after consideration of other Central Nervous System
Bullous dermatitis (<2%) Headache [2]
treatment options. TNF inhibitors are contra- Dermatitis (<2%)
indicated in patients with a personal or family Diaphoresis (<2%)
history of multiple sclerosis or demyelinating Exanthems (<2%)
disease. TNF inhibitors should not be Fixed eruption [7] CETUXIMAB
administered to patients with moderate to severe Flushing (<2%)
heart failure (New York Heart Association Furunculosis (<2%) Trade name: Erbitux (Bristol-Myers Squibb)
Functional Class III/IV). Hyperkeratosis (<2%) Indications: Metastatic colorectal cancer,
Warning: SERIOUS INFECTIONS AND Photosensitivity (<2%) squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck
MALIGNANCY Phototoxicity (<2%) Class: Antineoplastic, Biologic, Epidermal growth
Pruritus (<2%) factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, Monoclonal
Skin Purpura (<2%) antibody
Herpes zoster [3] Rash (<2%) Half-life: 75–188 hours
Neoplasms [2] Seborrhea (<2%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Psoriasis [6] Urticaria (<2%) [9] interactions with: none known
Rash [2] Xerosis (<2%) Pregnancy category: C
Cardiovascular Hair prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Hypertension [2] Alopecia (<2%) pediatric patients
Central Nervous System Hypertrichosis (<2%) Warning: SERIOUS INFUSION REACTIONS
Fever (5%) [2] Mucosal and CARDIOPULMONARY ARREST
Headache (7–18%) [5] Sialorrhea (<2%)
Vertigo (dizziness) (~6%) Stomatitis (<2%) Skin
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Tongue edema (<2%) Acneform eruption (88%) [66]
Arthralgia (6–7%) [4] Tongue pigmentation (<2%) Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [5]
Back pain [3] Xerostomia (6%) [2] Dermatitis [4]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Cardiovascular Desquamation (89%) [3]
Nausea [2] QT prolongation [2] Erythema [3]
Central Nervous System Exanthems [5]
Respiratory Fissures [4]
Nasopharyngitis (4–13%) [8] Ageusia (taste loss) (<2%)
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (<2%) Flushing [2]
Pneumonia [2] Folliculitis [13]
Pulmonary toxicity [4] Headache [2]
Hyperesthesia (<2%) Hand–foot syndrome [5]
Sinusitis [2] Hypersensitivity [9]
Upper respiratory tract infection (20%) [11] Insomnia [2]
Paresthesias (<2%) Papulopustular eruption [7]
Endocrine/Metabolic Parosmia (<2%) Peripheral edema (10%)
Creatine phosphokinase increased [2] Somnolence (drowsiness) [5] Pruritus (40%) [9]
Genitourinary Radiation recall dermatitis [2]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Rash (89%) [52]
Urinary tract infection (~8%) [8] Asthenia (fatigue) [3] Stevens-Johnson syndrome [2]
Local Dystonia [6] Toxic epidermal necrolysis [4]
Injection-site pain [3] Myalgia/Myopathy (<2%) Toxicity [20]
Injection-site reactions (~7%) [4] Endocrine/Metabolic Xerosis (49%) [15]
Other Mastodynia (<2%) Hair
Adverse effects [15] Genitourinary Abnormal hair growth [2]
Death [2] Vaginitis (<2%) Alopecia (5%)
Infection (14–38%) [15] Hair changes [3]
Other
Adverse effects [4] Hypertrichosis [3]
Nails
Nail changes (21%)
Nail disorder [3]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual CHAMOMILE
Paronychia [17] Other Diarrhea (10%)

Mucosal Adverse effects [9] Dyspepsia (8%)
Mucositis [10] Allergic reactions [5] Eructation (belching) (<3%)
Oral mucositis [2] Death [10] Gastroesophageal reflux (<3%)
Stomatitis (25%) [4] Infection (13–35%) [3] Nausea (14%) [3]
Xerostomia (11%) Vomiting (5%)
Cardiovascular Respiratory
Cardiotoxicity [2] CEVIMELINE Bronchitis (4%)
Chest pain [2] Cough (6%)
Thromboembolism [2] Trade name: Evoxac (Daiichi Sankyo) Flu-like syndrome (<3%)
Indications: Sicca syndrome in patients with Pharyngitis (5%)
Central Nervous System Sjøgren’s syndrome Pneumonia (<3%)
Anorexia [2] Class: Muscarinic cholinergic agonist Rhinitis (11%)
Anxiety (14%) Half-life: 3–4 hours Sinusitis (12%)
Aseptic meningitis [6] Clinically important, potentially hazardous Upper respiratory tract infection (11%)
Chills (13%) [2] interactions with: none known
Confusion (15%) Genitourinary
Pregnancy category: C Urinary tract infection (6%)
Depression (13%) Important contra-indications noted in the
Fever (30%) [5] Vaginitis (<3%)
Headache (33%) pediatric patients Hematologic
Insomnia (30%) Note: Contra-indicated in patients with Anemia (<3%)
Pain (51%) uncontrolled asthma, acute iritis or narrow-angle Otic
Peripheral neuropathy [3] glaucoma. Ear pain (<3%)
Rigors (13%) Otitis media (<3%)
Seizures [2]
Skin Ocular
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Abscess (<3%) Abnormal vision (<3%)
Asthenia (fatigue) (89%) [29] Candidiasis (<3%) Conjunctivitis (4%)
Back pain (11%) Diaphoresis (20%) Ocular pain (<3%)
Bone or joint pain (15%) Edema (<3%) Xerophthalmia (<3%)
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Erythema (<3%) Other
Abdominal pain (59%) Exanthems (<10%) Allergic reactions (<3%)
Constipation (46%) Fungal dermatitis (<10%) Infection (<3%)
Diarrhea (39%) [21] Hot flashes (2%) Tooth disorder (<3%)
Dysphagia [2] Hyperhidrosis (19%) [5]
Gastrointestinal bleeding [2] Peripheral edema (<3%)
Hepatotoxicity [4] Pruritus (<3%)
Nausea [12] Rash (4%) CHAMOMILE
Vomiting (37%) [8] Mucosal Family: Asteraceae; Compositae
Respiratory Epistaxis (nosebleed) (<3%) Scientific names: Chamomilla recutita, Matricaria
Cough (29%) Sialadenitis (<3%) chamomilla, Matricaria recutita
Dyspnea (48%) [6] Sialorrhea (2%) Indications: Flatulence, travel sickness, nervous
Pneumonia [3] Ulcerative stomatitis (<3%) diarrhea, restlessness, menstrual cramps,
Pneumonitis [3] Xerostomia (<3%) hemorrhoids, mastitis, leg ulcers, inflammation of
Pulmonary toxicity [6] Cardiovascular the respiratory tract. Used in flavoring, cosmetics,
Endocrine/Metabolic Chest pain (<3%) soaps and mouthwashes
Hypokalemia [6] Palpitation (<3%) Class: Sedative
Hypomagnesemia [18] Central Nervous System Half-life: N/A
Hyponatremia [5] Anorexia (<3%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Hematologic Depression (<3%) interactions with: none known
Anemia [6] Fever (<3%) Pregnancy category: N/A
Febrile neutropenia [7] Headache (14%)
Leukopenia [11] Hypoesthesia (<3%) Skin
Myelosuppression [2] Hyporeflexia (<3%) Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [2]
Neutropenia [25] Insomnia (2%) Dermatitis [5]
Sepsis (<4%) Migraine (<3%) Ocular
Thrombocytopenia [5] Pain (3%) Ocular adverse effects [2]
Thrombosis [3] Tremor (<3%)
Vertigo (dizziness) (4%) Other
Ocular Adverse effects [3]
Blepharitis [3] Neuromuscular/Skeletal Allergic reactions (to those allergic to
Conjunctivitis (7%) [2] Arthralgia (4%) ragweed, marigolds, daisies) [2]
Ectropion [2] Back pain (5%)
Eyelashes – hypertrichosis [3] Bone or joint pain (3%)
Trichomegaly [11] Hypertonia (<3%)
Local Leg cramps (<3%)
Application-site reactions (~3%) Myalgia/Myopathy (<3%)
Infusion-related reactions [7] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Infusion-site reactions (15–21%) [10] Abdominal pain (8%)
Constipation (<3%)
CHASTEBERRY Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Nails
CHASTEBERRY CHLORAL HYDRATE Photo-onycholysis [2]
Family: Verbenaceae Indications: Insomnia, sedation
Scientific name: Vitex agnus-castus Class: Anesthetic, general, Hypnotic
Indications: Premenstrual syndrome, abnormal Half-life: 8–11 hours CHLORDIAZEPOXIDE
uterine bleeding, mastodynia Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Class: Hormone modulator interactions with: antihistamines, azatadine, Trade names: Libritabs (Valeant), Librium
Half-life: N/A brompheniramine, buclizine, chlorpheniramine, (Valeant), Limbitrol (Valeant)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous clemastine, dexchlorpheniramine, Indications: Anxiety
interactions with: dopamine-receptor diphenhydramine, meclizine, tripelennamine Class: Benzodiazepine
antagonists Pregnancy category: C Half-life: 6–25 hours
Pregnancy category: N/A Important contra-indications noted in the Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Important contra-indications noted in the prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers interactions with: chlorpheniramine,
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers clarithromycin, efavirenz, esomeprazole, imatinib,
Note: Chasteberry is not a phytoestrogen; it indinavir, ketoconazole, nelfinavir, nilutamide,
Skin ritonavir
appears to stimulate progesterone production. Acneform eruption [2]
The Catholic Church once placed it in the Pregnancy category: D
Angioedema [2] Important contra-indications noted in the
pockets of neophyte monks to help them to Dermatitis [2]
maintain their vow of chastity. prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Erythema multiforme [2] mothers; pediatric patients
Exanthems [3] Note: Limbitrol is chlordiazepoxide and
Skin Fixed eruption [5] amitriptyline.
Abscess [2] Pruritus [2]
Acneform eruption [4] Purpura [2]
Erythema [2] Rash (<10%) Skin
Pruritus [2] Urticaria (<10%) [2] Angioedema [3]
Urticaria [3] Dermatitis (<10%)
Mucosal Diaphoresis (>10%)
Mucosal Oral lesions [2] Edema (<10%)
Xerostomia [3] Cardiovascular Erythema multiforme [5]
Central Nervous System Hypotension [2] Erythema nodosum [2]
Headache [5] Central Nervous System Exanthems [3]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Agitation [2] Fixed eruption [7]
Asthenia (fatigue) [3] Sedation (prolonged) [2] Lupus erythematosus [3]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Purpura [5]
Hepatotoxicity [4] Vomiting [4] Rash (>10%)
Nausea [4] Respiratory Urticaria [4]
Endocrine/Metabolic Apnea [2] Vasculitis [2]
Menstrual irregularities [3] Other Hair
Other Adverse effects [3] Alopecia [3]
Adverse effects [4] Death [3] Mucosal
Sialopenia (>10%)
Sialorrhea (<10%)
CHICORY CHLORAMPHENICOL Xerostomia (>10%)
Endocrine/Metabolic
Family: Compositae Indications: Various infections caused by Galactorrhea [3]
Scientific name: Cichorium intybus susceptible organisms
Indications: Coffee substitute, jaundice, liver Class: Antibiotic, CYP3A4 inhibitor
enlargement, gout, rheumatism, skin eruptions Half-life: 1.5–3.5 hours
connected with gout, inflammation. Topical: Clinically important, potentially hazardous CHLORHEXIDINE
leaves used for swelling and inflammation. interactions with: amoxicillin, ampicillin,
Culinary spice, flavoring clopidogrel, clozapine, ethotoin, fosphenytoin, Trade name: Hibiclens (SSL)
Class: Diuretic gliclazide, levodopa, mephenytoin, phenytoin, Indications: Skin antisepsis, gingivitis
Half-life: N/A propyphenazone, voriconazole Class: Antiseptic
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Pregnancy category: C Half-life: N/A
interactions with: none known Important contra-indications noted in the Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Pregnancy category: N/A prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers interactions with: none known
Skin Skin prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Dermatitis [2] AGEP [2] pediatric patients
Other Dermatitis [18]
Allergic reactions [3] Erythema multiforme [6]
Exanthems (<5%) [5] Skin
Hypersensitivity [2] Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [29]
Purpura [2] Dermatitis [16]
Pustules [2] Hypersensitivity [9]
Sensitization [2] Rash [2]
Toxic epidermal necrolysis [2] Urticaria [4]
Urticaria [3]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual CHLORPROMAZINE
Mucosal Cardiomyopathy [9] Central Nervous System

Gingival pigmentation [2] Cardiotoxicity [3] Seizures [2]
Gingivitis [3] Congestive heart failure [2]
Glossitis (<10%) Myocardial toxicity [2]
QT prolongation [3]
Mucosal ulceration [2]
Oral mucosal irritation [2] Torsades de pointes [2]
CHLORPROMAZINE
Stomatitis (<10%) Central Nervous System Trade name: Thorazine (GSK)
Tongue irritation (<10%) Headache [4] Indications: Psychosis, manic-depressive
Tongue pigmentation (>10%) Psychosis [4] disorders
Central Nervous System Seizures [2] Class: Antiemetic, Antipsychotic, Muscarinic
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (>10%) [8] Vertigo (dizziness) [4] antagonist, Phenothiazine
Other Neuromuscular/Skeletal Half-life: initial: 2 hours; terminal: 30 hours
Allergic reactions [6] Myalgia/Myopathy [8] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Tooth pigmentation [5] Myasthenia gravis [7] interactions with: alcohol, antihistamines,
arsenic, asenapine, chlorpheniramine, dofetilide,
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic epinephrine, evening primrose, guanethidine,
Diarrhea [2] lisdexamfetamine, mivacurium, pimavanserin,
CHLOROQUINE Nausea [3] propranolol, quinolones, sodium picosulfate,
Vomiting [5] sparfloxacin, tetrabenazine, zolpidem
Trade name: Aralen (Sanofi-Aventis) Endocrine/Metabolic Pregnancy category: N/A
Indications: Malaria, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus Porphyria [7] Important contra-indications noted in the
erythematosus prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Class: Antimalarial, Antiprotozoal, Disease- Ocular
Corneal deposits [2] mothers; pediatric patients
modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) Note: The prolonged use of chlorpromazine can
Half-life: 3–5 days Keratopathy [2]
Maculopathy [3] produce a gray-blue or purplish pigmentation
Clinically important, potentially hazardous over light-exposed areas. This is a result of either
interactions with: acitretin, antacids, arsenic, Ocular adverse effects [2]
Ocular toxicity [4] dermal deposits of melanin, a chlorpromazine
cholera vaccine, cholestyramine, citalopram, metabolite, or to a combination of both.
dapsone, dasatinib, degarelix, droperidol, Retinopathy [10]
Vision blurred [2] Chlorpromazine melanosis is seen more often in
ethosuximide, furazolidone, halofantrine, women.
hydroxychloroquine, lacosamide, lanthanum, Other Warning: INCREASED MORTALITY IN
lapatinib, levofloxacin, methotrexate, Adverse effects [2] ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH DEMENTIA-
methoxsalen, mivacurium, moxifloxacin, Death [3] RELATED PSYCHOSIS
neostigmine, nilotinib, oxcarbazepine, pazopanib,
penicillamine, ribociclib, sulfonamides, telavancin,
Skin
telithromycin, tiagabine, typhoid vaccine,
vandetanib, vigabatrin, voriconazole, vorinostat,
CHLORPHENIRAMINE Exanthems (>5%) [8]
ziprasidone Lupus erythematosus [12]
Synonym: chlorphenamine Photosensitivity (<10%) [23]
Pregnancy category: D Trade names: Chlor-Trimeton (Schering),
Important contra-indications noted in the Phototoxicity [6]
Triaminic (Novartis) Pigmentation [16]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers Indications: Allergic rhinitis, urticaria Pruritus (<10%) [2]
Class: Histamine H1 receptor antagonist, Purpura [6]
Skin Muscarinic antagonist Rash (<10%)
Dermatitis [2] Half-life: 20–40 hours Seborrheic dermatitis [4]
Erythema annulare centrifugum [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous Toxic epidermal necrolysis [2]
Erythroderma [3] interactions with: alcohol, anticholinergics, Urticaria [4]
Exanthems (<5%) [3] barbiturates, benzodiazepines, butabarbital, Vasculitis [3]
Exfoliative dermatitis [4] chloral hydrate, chlordiazepoxide,
Lichenoid eruption [6] chlorpromazine, clonazepam, clorazepate, Nails
Photosensitivity [8] diazepam, ethchlorvynol, fluphenazine, Nail pigmentation [4]
Pigmentation [15] flurazepam, hypnotics, lopinavir, lorazepam, MAO Mucosal
Pruritus [36] inhibitors, mephobarbital, mesoridazine, Xerostomia (<10%)
Psoriasis [19] midazolam, narcotics, oxazepam, pentobarbital, Cardiovascular
Stevens-Johnson syndrome [4] phenobarbital, phenothiazines, phenylbutazone, Hypotension [4]
Toxic epidermal necrolysis [5] primidone, prochlorperazine, promethazine, QT prolongation [4]
Toxicity [2] quazepam, secobarbital, sedatives, temazepam, Tachycardia [2]
Urticaria [4] thioridazine, tranquilizers, trifluoperazine, Torsades de pointes [2]
Vitiligo [7] zolpidem
Pregnancy category: B Central Nervous System
Hair Extrapyramidal symptoms [2]
Hair pigmentation [10] Important contra-indications noted in the
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Neuroleptic malignant syndrome [7]
Poliosis [3] Sedation [3]
Nails Seizures [2]
Nail pigmentation [2] Vertigo (dizziness) [2]
Skin
Mucosal Angioedema (<10%) Endocrine/Metabolic
Mucosal membrane pigmentation [2] Dermatitis (<10%) [4] Galactorrhea (<10%)
Oral pigmentation [13] Photosensitivity (<10%) Gynecomastia (<10%)
Cardiovascular Mastodynia (<10%)
Mucosal Weight gain [2]
Atrioventricular block [2] Xerostomia (<10%)
Cardiac failure [3]
CHLORPROMAZINE See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Genitourinary Skin Skin

Priapism [7] Pruritus [2] Acneform eruption (>10%)
Otic Neuromuscular/Skeletal Diaphoresis (<10%)
Tinnitus [2] Osteomalacia [2] DRESS syndrome [2]
Pallor (<10%)
Ocular Hematologic Pigmentation (>10%)
Cataract [2] Hemorrhage [2] Pruritus (<10%) [2]
Corneal opacity [2] Rash (27%) [2]
Eyelid edema [2] Toxicity [3]
Retinopathy [2] CHOLIC ACID Ulcerations [2]
Other Urticaria (<10%)
Adverse effects [3] Trade name: Cholbam (Asklepion Hair
Pharmaceuticals) Alopecia (22%) [2]
Indications: Bile acid synthesis disorders,
Mucosal
CHOLERA VACCINE adjunctive treatment of peroxisomal disorders
Class: Bile acid Stomatitis (<10%)
Trade name: Vaxchora (PaxVax) Half-life: N/A Central Nervous System
Indications: Immunization against cholera for Clinically important, potentially hazardous Chills (24%)
adults traveling to cholera-affected areas interactions with: cyclosporine Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (<10%)
Class: Vaccine Pregnancy category: N/A Headache [4]
Half-life: N/A Important contra-indications noted in the Paresthesias (>10%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Neuromuscular/Skeletal
interactions with: antibiotics, chloroquine mothers Asthenia (fatigue) [2]
Pregnancy category: N/A (Not expected to Myalgia/Myopathy [2]
cause fetal risk) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Renal
Important contra-indications noted in the Diarrhea (2%) Fanconi syndrome [2]
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; pediatric Nephrotoxicity [5]
patients
Ocular
CHONDROITIN Intraocular inflammation [2]
Central Nervous System Iritis [6]
Headache (29%) Scientific names: Chondroitin 4- and 6-sulfate, Ocular hypotension [2]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Chondroitin 4-sulfate, Condrosulf, Structum Retinal detachment [3]
Asthenia (fatigue) (31%) Indications: Osteoarthritis (often with Uveitis [18]
glucosamine), ischemic heart disease, Vision impaired [3]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic osteoporosis, hyperlipidemia,
Abdominal pain (19%) Vision loss [3]
keratoconjunctivitis, agent in cataract surgery
Diarrhea (4%) Class: Amino sugar, Food supplement Local
Nausea (18%) Half-life: N/A Application-site reactions (39%) [4]
Vomiting (18%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous Other
Endocrine/Metabolic interactions with: warfarin Allergic reactions (<10%)
Appetite decreased (17%) Pregnancy category: N/A
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic CILOSTAZOL
CHOLESTYRAMINE Dyspepsia [2]
Hepatotoxicity [2] Trade name: Pletal (Otsuka)
Trade name: Questran (Par) Nausea [2] Indications: Peripheral vascular disease,
Indications: Pruritus associated with biliary intermittent claudication
obstruction, primary hypercholesterolemia Class: Antiplatelet, Phosphodiesterase inhibitor,
Class: Bile acid sequestrant
Half-life: N/A
CIDOFOVIR Vasodilator, peripheral
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Trade name: Vistide (Gilead) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
interactions with: acarbose, acetaminophen, Indications: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in interactions with: anagrelide, anticoagulants,
acitretin, amiodarone, aspirin, bezafibrate, patients with acquired immunodeficiency antifungals, antiplatelet agents, clarithromycin,
calcifediol, chloroquine, cyclopenthiazide, syndrome (AIDS) collagenase, conivaptan, CYP2C19 inhibitors,
cyclosporine, deferasirox, digoxin, doxepin, Class: Antiviral, nucleotide analog CYP3A4 inducers or inhibitors, dasatinib,
doxercalciferol, ergocalciferol, Half-life: ~2.6 hours deferasirox, diltiazem, drotrecogin alfa,
hydroxychloroquine, isotretinoin, leflunomide, Clinically important, potentially hazardous erythromycin, esomeprazole, fondaparinux,
levodopa, lovastatin, meloxicam, mycophenolate, interactions with: amphotericin B, cobicistat/ glucosamine, grapefruit juice, high-fat foods,
phytonadione, propranolol, raloxifene, elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide, ibritumomab, itraconazole, ketoconazole,
sulfasalazine, sulfonylureas, tetracycline, tricyclic cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir macrolide antibiotics, NSAIDs, omeprazole, PEG-
antidepressants, troglitazone, ursodiol, valproic disoproxil, tenofovir disoproxil interferon, pentosan, pentoxifylline, prostacyclin
acid, vitamin A, vitamin E Pregnancy category: C analogues, salicylates, St John’s wort,
Pregnancy category: C Important contra-indications noted in the telithromycin, thrombolytic agents, tositumomab
Important contra-indications noted in the prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing & iodine131, voriconazole
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; mothers; pediatric patients
pediatric patients Warning: RENAL TOXICITY and
Note: Contra-indicated in patients with complete NEUTROPENIA
biliary obstruction.
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual CIPROFLOXACIN
Pregnancy category: C Diarrhea (12–19%) [8] ferrous sulfate, floxuridine, fluorouracil,

Important contra-indications noted in the Dyspepsia (6%) galantamine, gliclazide, hydromorphone,
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Esophagitis (<2%) itraconazole, ketoconazole, labetalol,
pediatric patients Flatulence (2–3%) levomepromazine, lidocaine, lomustine,
Note: Contra-indicated in patients with Gastritis (<2%) meptazinol, metformin, metronidazole,
congestive heart failure or active pathological Gastroenteritis (<2%) midazolam, mizolastine, moclobemide,
bleeding. Gastrointestinal ulceration (<2%) morphine, narcotic analgesics, neratinib,
Warning: CONTRA-INDICATED IN HEART Hematemesis (<2%) oxprenolol, oxtriphylline, oxycodone,
FAILURE PATIENTS Nausea (6–7%) [4] oxymorphone, pentazocine, phenytoin,
Peptic ulceration (<2%) pimecrolimus, posaconazole, prednisone,
Skin Vomiting (>2%) propranolol, quinine, rilpivirine, risperidone,
Ecchymoses (<2%) Respiratory roflumilast, sertindole, sildenafil, sufentanil,
Edema (<2%) Asthma (<2%) tamsulosin, terbinafine, thalidomide, tolazoline,
Facial edema (<2%) Cough (3–4%) [2] warfarin, xanthines, zaleplon, zofenopril,
Furunculosis (<2%) Hemoptysis (<2%) zolmitriptan, zolpidem
Hypertrophy (<2%) Pharyngitis (7–10%) Pregnancy category: B
Peripheral edema (7–9%) Pneumonia (<2%) Important contra-indications noted in the
Purpura (<2%) Rhinitis (7–12%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Rash (2%) [2] Sinusitis (<2%) pediatric patients
Urticaria (<2%) Endocrine/Metabolic
Varicosities (<2%) Creatine phosphokinase increased (<2%) Skin
Xerosis (<2%) Diabetes mellitus (<2%) Angioedema [3]
Mucosal GGT increased (<2%) Erythema annulare centrifugum [2]
Epistaxis (nosebleed) (<2%) Hyperlipidemia (<2%) Erythema multiforme [5]
Gingival bleeding (<2%) Hyperuricemia (<2%) Exanthems [3]
Perioral abscess (<2%) Exfoliative dermatitis [2]
Genitourinary Fixed eruption [2]
Rectal hemorrhage (<2%) Albuminuria (<2%)
Tongue edema (<2%) Hypersensitivity [4]
Cystitis (<2%) Lupus erythematosus [3]
Cardiovascular Urinary frequency (<2%) Pruritus [6]
Arrhythmias (<2%) Vaginal bleeding (<2%) Pseudolymphoma [2]
Atrial fibrillation (<2%) Vaginitis (<2%) Psoriasis [6]
Atrial flutter (<2%) Renal Rash (<2%)
Cardiac arrest (<2%) Retroperitoneal bleeding (<2%) Stevens-Johnson syndrome [3]
Cardiotoxicity [4] Toxic epidermal necrolysis [2]
Congestive heart failure (<2%) Hematologic
Anemia (<2%) Urticaria [6]
Extrasystoles (<2%) Vasculitis [3]
Hypotension (<2%) Hemorrhage (<2%)
Myocardial infarction (<2%) [4] Polycythemia (<2%) Hair
Myocardial ischemia (<2%) Thrombosis [3] Alopecia [4]
Palpitation (5–10%) [8] Otic Central Nervous System
Postural hypotension (<2%) Ear pain (<2%) Hallucinations [3]
Supraventricular tachycardia (<2%) Tinnitus (<2%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Tachycardia (4%) [4] Ocular Myalgia/Myopathy [2]
Vasodilation (<2%) Amblyopia (<2%)
Ventricular tachycardia (<2%) Endocrine/Metabolic
Blindness (<2%) Gynecomastia [13]
Central Nervous System Conjunctivitis (<2%)
Anorexia (<2%) Diplopia (<2%) Renal
Anxiety (<2%) Ocular hemorrhage (<2%) Nephrotoxicity [3]
Cerebral ischemia (<2%) Other
Chills (<2%) Adverse effects [4]
Headache (27–34%) [20] Death [3] CIPROFLOXACIN
Hyperesthesia (2%) Infection (10–14%)
Insomnia (<2%) Trade names: Ciloxan Ophthalmic (Alcon),
Neurotoxicity (<2%) Cipro (Bayer), Ciproxin (Bayer)
Paresthesias (2%) Indications: Various infections caused by
Syncope (<2%) CIMETIDINE susceptible organisms, inhalational anthrax (post
Vertigo (dizziness) (<10%) [4] exposure)
Trade name: Tagamet (GSK) Class: Antibiotic, fluoroquinolone, CYP1A2
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Indications: Duodenal ulcer
Arthralgia (<2%) inhibitor, CYP3A4 inhibitor
Class: CYP1A2 inhibitor, CYP3A4 inhibitor, Half-life: 4 hours
Asthenia (fatigue) (<2%) Histamine H2 receptor antagonist
Back pain (6–7%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Half-life: 2 hours interactions with: agomelatine, aminophylline,
Bone or joint pain (<2%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Gouty tophi (<2%) amiodarone, amitriptyline, antacids,
interactions with: acenocoumarol, alfuzosin, antineoplastics, arsenic, artemether/lumefantrine,
Myalgia/Myopathy (2–3%) aminophylline, amiodarone, amitriptyline, BCG vaccine, bendamustine, bepridil, bismuth,
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic anisindione, anticoagulants, buprenorphine, bismuth subsalicylate, bretylium, calcium salts,
Abdominal pain (4–5%) butorphanol, caffeine, carmustine, citalopram, citalopram, clopidogrel, clozapine,
Black stools (<2%) clobazam, clopidogrel, clozapine, cocoa, corticosteroids, cyclosporine, dairy products,
Cholelithiasis (gallstones) (<2%) delavirdine, dicumarol, dofetilide, duloxetine, dasatinib, degarelix, didanosine, disopyramide,
Colitis (<2%) dutasteride, epirubicin, eszopiclone, fentanyl,
CIPROFLOXACIN Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
dolasetron, duloxetine, dutasteride, eluxadoline, Central Nervous System Pregnancy category: D

erlotinib, erythromycin, flibanserin, insulin, Delirium [2] Important contra-indications noted in the
lanthanum, lapatinib, levofloxacin, magnesium Dysgeusia (taste perversion) [3] prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
salts, meptazinol, methotrexate, methylxanthines, Fever [3] mothers
mifepristone, moxifloxacin, mycophenolate, Headache [6]
neratinib, NSAIDs, olanzapine, olaparib, opiod Mania [4] Skin
analgesics, oral iron, oxtriphylline, P-glycoprotein Peripheral neuropathy [2] Acneform eruption [7]
inhibitors, pazopanib, pentoxifylline, Psychosis [6] Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [10]
phenothiazines, phenytoin, pirfenidone, Seizures [5] Angioedema [4]
probenecid, procainamide, propranolol, QT Syncope [2] Edema [3]
prolonging agents, quinapril, quinidine, rasagiline, Tremor [2] Erythema [3]
ropinirole, ropivacaine, sevelamer, sotalol, St Vertigo (dizziness) [2] Exanthems [4]
John’s wort, strontium ranelate, sucralfate, Neuromuscular/Skeletal Flushing [5]
sulfonylureas, telavancin, telithromycin, tizanidine, Arthralgia [2] Hand–foot syndrome [10]
tricyclic antidepressants, typhoid vaccine, Asthenia (fatigue) [3] Hypersensitivity [5]
venetoclax, vitamin K antagonists, voriconazole, Myalgia/Myopathy [2] Necrosis [2]
vorinostat, warfarin, zinc, ziprasidone, Myasthenia gravis (exacerbation) [2] Peripheral edema [2]
zolmitriptan Myoclonus [4] Pigmentation [5]
Pregnancy category: C Rhabdomyolysis [4] Pruritus [8]
Important contra-indications noted in the Tendinitis [4] Rash [22]
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Tendinopathy/Tendon rupture [31] Raynaud’s phenomenon [14]
mothers Thrombocytopenic purpura [2]
Note: Fluoroquinolones are associated with an Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Abdominal pain [2] Toxic epidermal necrolysis [2]
increased risk of tendinitis and tendon rupture in Toxicity [7]
all ages. This risk is further increased in older Constipation [2]
Flatulence [2] Urticaria [7]
patients usually over 60 years of age, in patients Xerosis [2]
taking corticosteroid drugs, and in patients with Hepatitis [4]
kidney, heart or lung transplants. Hepatotoxicity [7] Hair
Fluoroquinolones may exacerbate muscle Nausea (3%) [4] Alopecia (>10%) [26]
weakness in persons with myasthenia gravis. Pancreatitis [2] Nails
Ciprofloxacin is chemically related to nalidixic Vomiting [2] Paronychia [2]
acid. Genitourinary Mucosal
Warning: SERIOUS ADVERSE REACTIONS Vaginitis [2] Epistaxis (nosebleed) [3]
INCLUDING TENDINITIS, TENDON Mucositis [16]
Renal
RUPTURE, PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY, Oral lesions [2]
Nephrotoxicity [9]
CENTRIAL NERVOUS SYSTEM EFFECTS and Oral mucositis [2]
Renal failure [3]
EXACERBATION OF MYASTHENIA GRAVIS Stomatitis [16]
Hematologic
Bone marrow suppression [2] Cardiovascular
Skin Cardiotoxicity [2]
Hemolytic anemia [2]
Acneform eruption [3] Hypertension [8]
AGEP [4] Thromboembolism [7]
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [15] Otic
Hearing loss [2] Venous thromboembolism [4]
Angioedema [8]
Candidiasis [2] Ocular Central Nervous System
Diaphoresis [5] Hallucinations, visual [6] Anorexia [28]
Erythema multiforme [5] Vision blurred [2] Dysgeusia (taste perversion) [3]
Exanthems [4] Fever [5]
Local Headache [4]
Facial edema [2]
Injection-site pain [2] Insomnia [4]
Fixed eruption [14]
Hypersensitivity [5] Other Leukoencephalopathy [10]
Jaundice [2] Adverse effects [8] Neurotoxicity [15]
Linear IgA bullous dermatosis [2] Death [4] Pain [3]
Photosensitivity [20] Peripheral neuropathy [9]
Phototoxicity [5] Seizures [4]
Pruritus [11]
Purpura [4]
CISPLATIN
Rash (<10%) [14] Synonym: CDDP Arthralgia [2]
Serum sickness-like reaction [2] Trade name: Platinol (Bristol-Myers Squibb) Asthenia (fatigue) [39]
Stevens-Johnson syndrome [10] Indications: Carcinomas, lymphomas Ataxia [2]
Toxic epidermal necrolysis [11] Class: Alkylating agent, Antineoplastic Myalgia/Myopathy [4]
Toxicity [3] Half-life: alpha phase: 25–49 minutes; beta phase: Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Urticaria [10] 58–73 hours Abdominal pain [4]
Vasculitis [11] Clinically important, potentially hazardous Constipation [5]
Mucosal interactions with: aldesleukin, atenolol, Diarrhea [39]
Stomatitis [4] chlorothiazide, gadobenate, methotrexate, Esophagitis [2]
Xerostomia [3] paclitaxel, pentamidine, rituximab, selenium, Gastrointestinal bleeding [2]
thalidomide, zinc Hepatotoxicity [6]
Cardiovascular
Palpitation [2] Nausea [55]
QT prolongation [11] Pancreatitis [2]
Torsades de pointes [8] Vomiting [41]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual CLADRIBINE
Respiratory Restless legs syndrome [4]

Cough [4] CITALOPRAM Sedation [2]
Dysphonia [4] Seizures (overdose) [5]
Dyspnea [4] Trade names: Celexa (Forest), Cipramil Serotonin syndrome [19]
Pneumonia [4] (Lundbeck) Somnolence (drowsiness) (18%) [6]
Pneumonitis [3] Indications: Depression, obsessive-compulsive Suicidal ideation [3]
Pulmonary toxicity [5] disorder, panic disorder Tremor (8%) [5]
Class: Antidepressant, Selective serotonin Vertigo (dizziness) [5]
Endocrine/Metabolic reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)
ALP increased [2] Yawning (2%)
Half-life: ~35 hours
ALT increased [7] Clinically important, potentially hazardous Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Appetite decreased [7] interactions with: alcohol, alfuzosin, alpha or Arthralgia (2%)
AST increased [7] beta blockers, antidepressants, antiepileptics, Asthenia (fatigue) (5%) [4]
Dehydration [3] antiplatelet agents, artemether/lumefantrine, Dystonia [2]
Hyperbilirubinemia [2] aspirin, atomoxetine, barbiturates, bupropion, Myalgia/Myopathy (2%)
Hyperglycemia [4] buspirone, carbamazepine, chloroquine, Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Hyperkalemia [2] cimetidine, ciprofloxacin, clozapine, CNS Abdominal pain (3%)
Hypocalcemia [2] depressants, collagenase, conivaptan, coumarins/ Constipation [2]
Hypokalemia [5] anticoagulants, CYP2C19 inhibitors, CYP3A4 Diarrhea (8%) [2]
Hypomagnesemia [14] inhibitors, cyproheptadine, desmopressin, Dyspepsia (5%)
Hyponatremia [19] dexibuprofen, dextromethorphan, dronedarone, Nausea (21%) [4]
Serum creatinine increased [9] drotrecogin alfa, duloxetine, efavirenz, Vomiting (4%) [2]
SIADH [19] fluconazole, gadobutrol, glucosamine,
Weight loss [4] Respiratory
haloperidol, ibritumomab, iobenguane, Rhinitis (5%)
Renal isocarboxazid, lithium, macrolide antibiotics, Sinusitis (3%)
Nephrotoxicity [66] MAO inhibitors, methadone, methylphenidate, Upper respiratory tract infection (5%)
Proteinuria [2] metoclopramide, mexiletine, moclobemide,
Renal failure [3] nilotinib, NSAIDs, opioid anagesics, pentoxifylline, Endocrine/Metabolic
Renal function abnormal [2] phenelzine, phenytoin, pimozide, QT prolonging Galactorrhea [4]
agents, quinine, rasagiline, risperidone, ritonavir, Hyponatremia [2]
Hematologic Libido decreased (2%)
Anemia [53] salicylates, selegiline, serotonin modulators,
sibutramine, SSRIs, St John’s wort, sumatriptan, SIADH [18]
Coagulopathy [2] Weight gain [3]
Febrile neutropenia [41] tetrabenazine, thioridazine, thrombolytic agents,
Hemolytic uremic syndrome [12] tositumomab & iodine131, tramadol, Genitourinary
Hemotoxicity [4] tranylcypromine, trazodone, tricyclic Dysmenorrhea (3%)
Leukopenia [35] antidepressants, tryptophan, vitamin K Ejaculatory dysfunction (6%) [2]
Lymphopenia [5] antagonists, ziprasidone Impotence (3%)
Myelosuppression [8] Pregnancy category: C Priapism [4]
Myelotoxicity [3] Important contra-indications noted in the Sexual dysfunction [5]
Neutropenia [98] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Urinary frequency [2]
Platelets decreased [2] pediatric patients Otic
Sepsis [2] Warning: SUICIDALITY AND Hallucinations, auditory [2]
Thrombocytopenia [50] ANTIDEPRESSANT DRUGS
Ocular
Thrombosis [2] Diplopia [2]
Otic Skin Glaucoma [2]
Hearing loss [16] Diaphoresis (11%) [3] Hallucinations, visual [3]
Ototoxicity [40] Hyperhidrosis (11%) [2]
Pigmentation [2] Other
Tinnitus [27] Adverse effects [2]
Pruritus (<10%) [2]
Ocular Rash (<10%) Death [8]
Ocular adverse effects [2]
Mucosal
Local Xerostomia (20%) [4]
Injection-site cellulitis [4]
Cardiovascular
CLADRIBINE
Other Bradycardia [2]
Adverse effects [16] Trade name: Leustatin (Janssen Biotech)
Cardiotoxicity [4] Indications: Leukemias
Death [17] Chest pain [2]
Hiccups [6] Class: Antimetabolite, Antineoplastic
Palpitation [2] Half-life: alpha phase: 25 minutes; beta phase: 7
Infection [11] QT prolongation [22] hours
Tachycardia [3] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Torsades de pointes [9] interactions with: none known
Central Nervous System Pregnancy category: D
Agitation (3%) Important contra-indications noted in the
Akathisia [2] prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Anorexia (4%) mothers
Anxiety (4%) [2]
Fever (2%) Skin
Headache [5] Diaphoresis (<10%)
Incoordination [2] Edema (6%)
Insomnia (15%) [4] Erythema (6%)
Nightmares [2]
CLADRIBINE See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Exanthems (27–50%) [2] Pregnancy category: C Skin

Herpes zoster [5] Important contra-indications noted in the AGEP [9]
Petechiae (8%) prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [5]
Pruritus (6%) mothers; pediatric patients Dermatitis (from topical preparations) [7]
Purpura (10%) DRESS syndrome [2]
Rash (27%) [3] Skin Erythema multiforme [2]
Mucosal Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [2] Erythroderma [2]
Mucositis [2] Exanthems [3] Exanthems [6]
Fixed eruption [3] Hypersensitivity [5]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Rash (<10%) [3]
Myalgia/Myopathy (7%) Hypersensitivity [3]
Psoriasis [2] Stevens-Johnson syndrome [4]
Hematologic Purpura [3] Sweet’s syndrome [2]
Lymphopenia [7] Rash (3%) [2] Toxic epidermal necrolysis [3]
Neutropenia [8] Serum sickness-like reaction [2] Urticaria [3]
Thrombocytopenia [2] Toxic epidermal necrolysis [4] Vasculitis [2]
Local Vasculitis [3] Mucosal
Injection-site edema (9%) Mucosal Burning mouth syndrome [2]
Injection-site erythema (9%) Stomatitis [2] Xerostomia [2]
Injection-site pain (9%) Central Nervous System
Injection-site phlebitis (2%) Cardiovascular
QT prolongation [7] Ageusia (taste loss) [2]
Injection-site thrombosis (2%)
Torsades de pointes [9] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Other Colitis [2]
Anorexia [2] Diarrhea [4]
Death [3] Esophagitis [2]
Infection [7] Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (3%) [9]
Mania [4] Hepatotoxicity [3]
Neurotoxicity [4] Pseudomembranous colitis [5]
Psychosis [3] Hematologic
CLARITHROMYCIN Neuromuscular/Skeletal Neutropenia [2]
Trade name: Biaxin (AbbVie) Arthralgia [2] Otic
Indications: Various infections caused by Rhabdomyolysis [14] Tinnitus [2]
susceptible organisms Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Local
Class: Antibiotic, macrolide, CYP3A4 inhibitor Abdominal distension [2] Application-site erythema [3]
Half-life: 5–7 hours Abdominal pain [5] Other
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Diarrhea [10] Adverse effects [6]
interactions with: abiraterone, alprazolam, Dyspepsia [2] Death [3]
aprepitant, astemizole, atazanavir, atorvastatin, Hepatotoxicity [4]
avanafil, benzodiazepines, betrixaban, boceprevir, Nausea [5]
brigatinib, cabazitaxel, cabozantinib, calcifediol, Vomiting [3]
carbamazepine, chlordiazepoxide, cilostazol, Endocrine/Metabolic
CLOMIPRAMINE
clonazepam, clorazepate, cobicistat/elvitegravir/ Hypoglycemia [3]
emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide, cobicistat/ Trade name: Anafranil (Mallinckrodt)
elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil, Renal Indications: Obsessive-compulsive disorder
colchicine, conivaptan, copanlisib, crizotinib, Nephrotoxicity [2] Class: Antidepressant, tricyclic, Muscarinic
cyclosporine, dabigatran, darunavir, dasatinib, Ocular antagonist
deflazacort, delavirdine, diazepam, digoxin, Hallucinations, visual [4] Half-life: 21–31 hours
dihydroergotamine, disopyramide, dronedarone, Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Local interactions with: amprenavir, arbutamine,
efavirenz, eletriptan, eluxadoline, ergot alkaloids,
Injection-site pain [2] arsenic, artemether/lumefantrine, clonidine,
estradiol, etravirine, everolimus, fesoterodine,
flibanserin, fluoxetine, flurazepam, fluticasone Other duloxetine, epinephrine, formoterol,
propionate, fluvastatin, HMG-CoA reductase Adverse effects [11] guanethidine, isocarboxazid, linezolid, MAO
inhibitors, ibrutinib, imatinib, indinavir, inhibitors, milnacipran, moclobemide, phenelzine,
itraconazole, ixabepilone, lapatinib, lomitapide, quinolones, sparfloxacin, tranylcypromine
lopinavir, lorazepam, lovastatin, maraviroc, CLINDAMYCIN Pregnancy category: C
methylergonovine, methylprednisolone,
methysergide, midazolam, midostaurin, Trade names: Benzaclin (Dermik), Cleocin prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
mifepristone, naldemedine, neratinib, nevirapine, (Pfizer), Cleocin-T (Pfizer), Clindagel (Galderma), mothers; pediatric patients
nilotinib, olaparib, omeprazole, oxazepam, Clindets (Stiefel) Warning: SUICIDALITY AND
oxtriphylline, paclitaxel, palbociclib, paroxetine Indications: Various serious infections caused by ANTIDEPRESSANT DRUGS
hydrochloride, pazopanib, pimavanserin, susceptible organisms
pimozide, ponatinib, pravastatin, prednisone, Class: Antibiotic, lincosamide Skin
quazepam, ranolazine, regorafenib, repaglinide, Half-life: 2–3 hours Acneform eruption (2%)
ribociclib, rilpivirine, rimonabant, rivaroxaban, Clinically important, potentially hazardous Cellulitis (2%)
romidepsin, ruxolitinib, sertraline, sildenafil, interactions with: cisatracurium, erythromycin, Dermatitis (2%)
silodosin, simeprevir, simvastatin, solifenacin, kaolin, mivacurium, neostigmine, pyridostigmine, Diaphoresis (29%) [2]
sunitinib, tadalafil, temazepam, temsirolimus, rocuronium, saquinavir Edema (2%)
tezacaftor/ivacaftor, ticagrelor, tipranavir, Pregnancy category: B Flushing (8%)
tolvaptan, trabectedin, triazolam, ulipristal, Note: See also separate entry for the Hypersensitivity [2]
valbenazine, vandetanib, vemurafenib, venetoclax, combination product clindamycin/tretinoin. Photosensitivity [3]
vorapaxar, warfarin, zidovudine Pruritus (6%)
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual CLOPIDOGREL
Purpura (3%)
Rash (8%) CLONIDINE CLOPIDOGREL
Xerosis (2%)
Trade name: Catapres (Boehringer Ingelheim) Trade name: Plavix (Bristol-Myers Squibb)
Mucosal Indications: Hypertension (Sanofi-Aventis)
Xerostomia (84%) [6] Class: Adrenergic alpha-receptor agonist Indications: Acute coronary syndrome, recent
Cardiovascular Half-life: 6–24 hours myocardial infarction, recent stroke, or
QT prolongation [4] Clinically important, potentially hazardous established peripheral arterial disease
Torsades de pointes [2] interactions with: acebutolol, alfuzosin, Class: Antiplatelet, Antiplatelet, thienopyridine
Central Nervous System amitriptyline, amoxapine, atenolol, betaxolol, Half-life: 6 hours
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (8%) captopril, carteolol, cilazapril, clomipramine, Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Seizures [4] desipramine, dexmethylphenidate, diclofenac, interactions with: amiodarone, anisindione,
Serotonin syndrome [4] doxepin, enalapril, esmolol, fosinopril, anticoagulants, atorvastatin, calcium channel
Vertigo (dizziness) [2] imipramine, insulin aspart, insulin degludec, insulin blockers, cangrelor, carbamazepine,
detemir, insulin glargine, insulin glulisine, chloramphenicol, cimetidine, ciprofloxacin,
Neuromuscular/Skeletal irbesartan, levodopa, levomepromazine, lisinopril, collagenase, dabigatran, dasatinib, delavirdine,
Myalgia/Myopathy (13%) meloxicam, metoprolol, milnacipran, nadolol, dexlansoprazole, diclofenac, dicumarol,
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic nebivolol, nortriptyline, olmesartan, oxprenolol, dipyridamole, drotrecogin alfa, efavirenz,
Nausea [2] penbutolol, pericyazine, pindolol, propranolol, enoxaparin, erythromycin, esomeprazole,
Endocrine/Metabolic protriptyline, quinapril, ramipril, sotalol, sulpiride, etravirine, fluconazole, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine,
Gynecomastia (2%) timolol, trandolapril, triamcinolone, tricyclic fondaparinux, glucosamine, herbals with
SIADH [3] antidepressants, trimipramine, verapamil anticoagulant properties, ibritumomab, iloprost,
Pregnancy category: C itraconazole, ketoconazole, lansoprazole,
Genitourinary Important contra-indications noted in the lepirudin, macrolide antibiotics, meloxicam,
Vaginitis (2%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; miconazole, moclobemide, NSAIDs, omega-3
Other pediatric patients fatty acids, omeprazole, oxcarbazepine,
Adverse effects [4] pantoprazole, pentosan, pentoxifylline, polysulfate
Allergic reactions (<3%) Skin sodium, prasugrel, rabeprazole, rifapentine,
Depigmentation [2] rivaroxaban, salicylates, simvastatin,
Dermatitis (from patch) (20%) [23] telithromycin, thrombolytic agents, tinzaparin,
tositumomab & iodine131, voriconazole, warfarin
CLONAZEPAM Eczema [2]
Erythema [2]
Trade name: Klonopin (Roche) Lupus erythematosus [5] Important contra-indications noted in the
Indications: Petit mal and myoclonic seizures Pigmentation [2] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Class: Benzodiazepine Pityriasis rosea [2] pediatric patients
Half-life: 18–50 hours Pruritus (>5%) [6] Note: Contra-indicated in patients with active
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Psoriasis [2] pathological bleeding.
interactions with: amprenavir, Rash (<10%) [4] Warning: DIMINISHED EFFECTIVENESS IN
chlorpheniramine, clarithromycin, cobicistat/ Ulcerations (<10%) POOR METABOLIZERS
elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil, Mucosal
efavirenz, esomeprazole, imatinib, indinavir, Xerostomia (40%) [13] Skin
nelfinavir, nevirapine, oxycodone, piracetam AGEP [2]
Pregnancy category: D Cardiovascular Angioedema [4]
Important contra-indications noted in the Bradycardia [8] Bullous dermatitis (<3%)
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Hypotension [18] Eczema (<3%)
mothers; pediatric patients Central Nervous System Edema (3–5%)
Fever [2] Exanthems (<3%) [2]
Skin Hallucinations [3] Hypersensitivity [9]
Bullous dermatitis [2] Headache [4] Pruritus (3%) [2]
Dermatitis (<10%) Hyperesthesia (<10%) Psoriasis [2]
Diaphoresis (>10%) Sedation [2] Purpura [18]
Pseudolymphoma [2] Seizures [2] Rash (4%) [5]
Rash (>10%) Somnolence (drowsiness) [6] Stevens-Johnson syndrome [2]
Vertigo (dizziness) [4] Thrombocytopenic purpura [9]
Hair Ulcerations (<3%)
Alopecia [2] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Asthenia (fatigue) [2] Urticaria (<3%) [3]
Mucosal Cardiovascular
Sialopenia (>10%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Nausea [2] Acute coronary syndrome [2]
Sialorrhea (<10%) Myocardial infarction [2]
Xerostomia (>10%) Other
Central Nervous System Ageusia (taste loss) [3]
Psychosis [2] Fever [3]
Seizures [2] Hyperesthesia (<3%)
Other Intracranial hemorrhage [2]
Adverse effects [2] Paresthesias (<3%)
Allergic reactions (<10%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Arthralgia [5]
Rhabdomyolysis [3]
CLOPIDOGREL Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic lithium, lomustine, lorazepam, MAO inhibitors, Tremor (<10%) [2]

Gastrointestinal bleeding [3] nilotinib, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, omeprazole, Vertigo (dizziness) (19%) [2]
Hepatotoxicity [6] oxaliplatin, oxybutynin, paroxetine hydrochloride, Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Respiratory pazopanib, pemetrexed, penicillamine, Myoclonus [2]
Dyspnea [3] pipotiazine, propafenone, quinidine, rifampin, Rhabdomyolysis [8]
Flu-like syndrome (8%) risperidone, ritonavir, saquinavir, selenium,
sertraline, sorafenib, sulfonamides, sunitinib, Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Hematologic telithromycin, temozolomide, temsirolimus, Colitis [2]
Bleeding [17] tetrazepam, tricyclic antidepressants, trospium, Constipation (14%) [6]
Hemolytic uremic syndrome [2] uracil/tegafur, valproic acid, venlafaxine, Gastric obstruction [3]
Neutropenia [4] zuclopenthixol Gastrointestinal hypomotility [6]
Thrombocytopenia [3] Pregnancy category: B Hepatotoxicity [6]
Thrombosis [2] Important contra-indications noted in the Ileus [6]
Ocular prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Pancreatitis [7]
Ocular hemorrhage [2] mothers; pediatric patients Respiratory
Note: Contra-indicated in patients with Pleural effusion [4]
Other
myeloproliferative disorders, uncontrolled Pneumonia [3]
Adverse effects [2]
epilepsy, paralytic ileus, or a history of clozapine- Pulmonary embolism [2]
Allergic reactions (<3%) [2]
induced agranulocytosis or severe Endocrine/Metabolic
granulocytopenia. Diabetes mellitus [7]
Warning: AGRANULOCYTOSIS / SEIZURES / Diabetic ketoacidosis [2]
CLORAZEPATE MYOCARDITIS / OTHER ADVERSE Galactorrhea [2]
CARDIOVASCULAR AND RESPIRATORY Hyperglycemia [6]
Trade name: Tranxene (Recordati) EFFECTS
Indications: Anxiety and panic disorders Hyperlipidemia [3]
INCREASED MORTALITY IN ELDERLY Metabolic syndrome [13]
Class: Benzodiazepine
PATIENTS WITH DEMENTIA-RELATED Weight gain [29]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous PSYCHOSIS Genitourinary
interactions with: aminophylline, amprenavir, Priapism [14]
antacids, carbamazepine, carmustine, Skin Renal
chlorpheniramine, clarithromycin, cobicistat/ Angioedema [2] Enuresis [4]
elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide, Diaphoresis (6%) [4] Nephrotoxicity [2]
cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir Exanthems [2]
disoproxil, efavirenz, esomeprazole, imatinib, Lupus erythematosus [4] Hematologic
indinavir, itraconazole, ketoconazole, MAO Pityriasis rosea [2] Agranulocytosis [35]
inhibitors, midazolam, moclobemide, nelfinavir, Rash (2%) [2] Dyslipidemia [3]
phenytoin, sucralfate, warfarin Toxicity [5] Eosinophilia [10]
Pregnancy category: D Granulocytopenia [2]
Mucosal Hemotoxicity [2]
Important contra-indications noted in the Parotitis [3]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Leukopenia [11]
Sialorrhea (31%) [77] Neutropenia [19]
pediatric patients Xerostomia [3] Pancytopenia [2]
Cardiovascular Thrombosis [2]
Skin Atrial fibrillation [2]
Dermatitis (<10%) Ocular
Cardiomyopathy [15] Maculopathy [2]
Diaphoresis (>10%) Cardiotoxicity [2]
Rash (>10%) Hypertension (4%) [4] Other
Mucosal Hypotension (9%) [4] Adverse effects [10]
Sialopenia (>10%) Myocarditis [44] Death [15]
Sialorrhea (<10%) Orthostatic hypotension [4] Serositis [6]
Xerostomia (>10%) Pericardial effusion [3]
Pericarditis [9]
QT prolongation [6] CO-TRIMOXAZOLE
CLOZAPINE Tachycardia (25%) [13]
Venous thromboembolism [5] Synonyms: sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim;
Trade names: Clozaril (Novartis), Denzapine Central Nervous System SMX-TMP; SMZ-TMP; TMP-SMX; TMP-SMZ
(Merz), Leponex (Novartis), Zaponex (Teva) Akathisia [4] Trade names: Bactrim (GSK), Septra (Monarch)
Indications: Treatment-resistant schizophrenia Anxiety [2] Indications: Various infections caused by
Class: Antipsychotic Compulsions [9] susceptible organisms
Half-life: 4–12 hours Fever [8] Class: Antibiotic, sulfonamide
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Headache (7%) [2] Half-life: 6–10 hours
interactions with: alcohol, amitriptyline, Neuroleptic malignant syndrome [31] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
antimuscarinics, arsenic, benzodiazepines, Neurotoxicity [2] interactions with: anticoagulants, azathioprine,
cabazitaxel, caffeine, carbamazepine, Pain [2] cyclosporine, dofetilide, isotretinoin,
chloramphenicol, cimetidine, ciprofloxacin, Restless legs syndrome [2] methotrexate, prilocaine, repaglinide, warfarin
citalopram, cocoa, cyclophosphamide, cytotoxics, Sedation (39%) [13] Pregnancy category: C
darifenacin, dasatinib, encainide, epinephrine, Seizures [25] Important contra-indications noted in the
erythromycin, everolimus, flecainide, fluoxetine, Somnolence (drowsiness) [10] prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
flupentixol, fluphenazine, fluvoxamine, gefitinib, Syncope [2] mothers; pediatric patients
guarana, haloperidol, insulin degludec, insulin Tardive dyskinesia [6] Note: Co-trimoxazole is a sulfonamide and can
detemir, insulin glargine, insulin glulisine, lapatinib, Tic disorder [2] be absorbed systemically. Sulfonamides can
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual COBICISTAT/ELVITEGRAVIR/EMTRICITABINE/TENOFOVIR DISOPROXIL
produce severe, possibly fatal, reactions such as Ocular Gastrointestinal/Hepatic

toxic epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson Glaucoma [2] Diarrhea (7%)
syndrome. Myopia [2] Nausea (5%) [2]
Co-trimoxazole is sulfamethoxazole and Other Other
trimethoprim. Adverse effects [15] Adverse effects [2]
Skin Death [4]
AGEP [4]
Side effects [2] COBICISTAT/
Angioedema [3] ELVITEGRAVIR/
Dermatitis [4]
COBICISTAT/ EMTRICITABINE/
DRESS syndrome [10] ELVITEGRAVIR/ TENOFOVIR
Erythema nodosum [2] EMTRICITABINE/ DISOPROXIL
Exanthems [35]
Exfoliative dermatitis [5] TENOFOVIR
Trade name: Stribild (Gilead)
Fixed eruption [51]
Hypersensitivity [18] ALAFENAMIDE Indications: HIV-1 infection
Class: Antiretroviral, CYP3A inhibitor
Jarisch–Herxheimer reaction [2]
Trade name: Genvoya (Gilead) (cobicistat), Integrase strand transfer inhibitor
Linear IgA bullous dermatosis [4]
Indications: HIV-1 infection (elvitegravir), Nucleoside analog reverse
Lupus erythematosus [4]
Class: Antiretroviral, CYP3A inhibitor transcriptase inhibitor (emtricitabine and
(cobicistat), Hepatitis B virus necleoside analog tenofovir disoproxil)
Pruritus [10]
reverse transcriptase inhibitor (tenofovir Half-life: 3.5 hours (cobicistat); 13 hours
Purpura [3]
alafenamide), Integrase strand transfer inhibitor (elvitegravir); 10 hours (emtricitabine); 12–18
Pustules [6]
(elvitegravir), Nucleoside analog reverse hours (tenofovir disoproxil)
Radiation recall dermatitis [3]
transcriptase inhibitor (emtricitabine) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Rash (>10%) [14]
Half-life: 3.5 hours (cobicistat); 13 hours interactions with: acyclovir, adefovir,
Stevens-Johnson syndrome (<10%) [42]
(elvitegravir); 10 hours (emtricitabine); <1 hour amiodarone, amitriptyline, amlodipine, antacids,
Sweet’s syndrome [9]
(tenofovir alafenamide) antirarrhythmics, antiretrovirals, atorvastatin,
Toxic epidermal necrolysis (<10%) [53]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous benzodiazepines, bepridil, beta blockers,
Toxicity [2]
interactions with: acyclovir, aminoglycosides, bosentan, buprenorphine, bupropion, buspirone,
Urticaria [12]
amiodarone, amitriptyline, amlodipine, antacids, calcium channel blockers, carbamazepine,
Vasculitis [11]
antiarrhythmics, atorvastatin, benzodiazepines, cidofovir, clarithromycin, clonazepam,
Mucosal bepridil, beta blockers, bosentan, buprenorphine, clorazepate, colchicine, cyclosporine,
Oral mucosal eruption [2] bupropion, buspirone, calcium channel blockers, desipramine, dexamethasone, diazepam, digoxin,
Oral ulceration [2] cidofovir, clarithromycin, clorazepate, colchicine, diltiazem, disopyramide, drugs affecting renal
Cardiovascular desipramine, dexamethasone, diazepam, digoxin, function, elbasvir & grazoprevir, emtricitabine,
QT prolongation [2] diltiazem, disopyramide, drugs affecting renal estazolam, ethosuximide, felodipine, flecainide,
Torsades de pointes [3] function, estazolam, ethosuximide, felodipine, flurazepam, fluticasone propionate, ganciclovir,
flecainide, flurazepam, fluticasone furoate, hormonal contraceptives, imipramine,
fluticasone propionate, ganciclovir, gentamicin, immunosuppressants, itraconazole, ketoconazole,
Aseptic meningitis [5]
hormonal contraceptives, imipramine, lamivudine, ledipasvir & sofosbuvir, lidocaine,
Fever [4]
immunosuppressants, itraconazole, ketoconazole, metoprolol, mexiletine, midazolam, naloxone,
Psychosis [4]
lidocaine, lorazepam, metoprolol, mexiletine, neuroleptics, nicardipine, nifedipine, non-
Tremor [4]
midazolam, naloxone, neuroleptics, nicardipine, nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors,
nifedipine, nortriptyline, oxcarbazepine, nortriptyline, oxcarbazepine, paroxetine
Neuromuscular/Skeletal paroxetine hydrochloride, perphenazine, hydrochloride, perphenazine, phenobarbital,
Asthenia (fatigue) [2] propafenone, quinidine, rifabutin, rifapentine, phenytoin, propafenone, protease inhibitors,
Myalgia/Myopathy [2] risperidone, salmeterol, sildenafil, SSRIs, tadalafil, quinidine, rifabutin, rifapentine, risperidone,
Rhabdomyolysis [7] telithromycin, thioridazine, timolol, trazodone, ritonavir, salmeterol, sedatives / hypnotics,
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic tricyclic antidepressants, valacyclovir, sildenafil, simeprevir, sirolimus, SSRIs, tacrolimus,
Hepatotoxicity [7] valganciclovir, vardenafil, verapamil, voriconazole, tadalafil, telithromycin, tenofovir disoproxil,
Nausea [2] warfarin, zolpidem thioridazine, timolol, trazodone, tricyclic
Pancreatitis [4] Pregnancy category: B antidepressants, valacyclovir, valganciclovir,
Vomiting [4] Important contra-indications noted in the vardenafil, verapamil, voriconazole, warfarin,
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers zolpidem
Endocrine/Metabolic Note: See also separate profiles for emtricitabine Pregnancy category: B
ALT increased [2]
and tenofovir alafenamide. Important contra-indications noted in the
Hyperkalemia [4]
Warning: LACTIC ACIDOSIS/SEVERE prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Hypoglycemia [7]
HEPATOMEGALY WITH STEATOSIS and POST mothers; pediatric patients
Hyponatremia [2]
TREATMENT ACUTE EXACERBATION OF Note: See also separate profiles for emtricitabine
Serum creatinine increased [4]
HEPATITIS B and tenofovir disoproxil.
Hematologic Warning: LACTIC ACIDOSIS/SEVERE
Agranulocytosis [3] Central Nervous System HEPATOMEGALY WITH STEATOSIS and POST
Anemia [3] Headache (6%) TREATMENT ACUTE EXACERBATION OF
Methemoglobinemia [2] HEPATITIS B
Neutropenia [5] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Thrombocytopenia [10] Asthenia (fatigue) (5%)
Skin
Rash (3%) [3]
COBICISTAT/ELVITEGRAVIR/EMTRICITABINE/TENOFOVIR DISOPROXIL See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Central Nervous System Neuromuscular/Skeletal Central Nervous System

Abnormal dreams (9%) [3] Arthralgia [4] Ageusia (taste loss) (>10%)
Headache (7%) [5] Asthenia (fatigue) [6] Anosmia (>10%)
Insomnia (3%) [2] Myalgia/Myopathy [2] Compulsions [2]
Vertigo (dizziness) (3%) [3] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Hallucinations [4]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Diarrhea (60%) [8] Leukoencephalopathy [3]
Asthenia (fatigue) (5%) [2] Gastrointestinal bleeding (4%) Psychosis [2]
Hepatotoxicity [5] Seizures [6]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Suicidal ideation [2]
Diarrhea (12%) [6] Nausea (41%) [7]
Vomiting (24%) [4] Tic disorder [2]
Flatulence (2%) Tremor (<10%)
Gastrointestinal disorder [2] Respiratory
Hepatotoxicity [2] Pneumonitis (<10%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Nausea (16%) [8] Arthralgia [2]
Endocrine/Metabolic Rhabdomyolysis [19]
Respiratory ALP increased (71%) [3]
Upper respiratory tract infection [2] ALT increased (68%) [3] Genitourinary
AST increased (73%) [3] Priapism [5]
Endocrine/Metabolic
AST increased (2%) Creatine phosphokinase increased (79%) [4] Renal
Serum creatinine increased [2] GGT increased (65%) Glomerulonephritis [2]
Hyperkalemia (26%) Nephrotoxicity [2]
Genitourinary Hypoalbuminemia (42%)
Hematuria (3%) Hematologic
Hypocalcemia (24%) Agranulocytosis [2]
Renal Hypokalemia (25%) Hemolytic uremic syndrome [2]
Nephrotoxicity [2] Hyponatremia (38%) Neutropenia [6]
Proteinuria (39%) Hypophosphatemia (68%)
Serum creatinine increased (100%) Otic
Other Hallucinations, auditory [2]
Adverse effects [5] Genitourinary
Hematuria (2%) Ocular
Hallucinations, visual [3]
Hematologic
COBIMETINIB Anemia (69%) [3] Other
Hemorrhage (13%) Death [3]
Trade name: Cotellic (Genentech) Lymphopenia (73%)
Indications: Melanoma (unresectable or Thrombocytopenia (18%)
metastatic) in patients with BRAF V600E or Ocular COCOA
V600K mutations, in combination with Chorioretinopathy (13%) [3]
vemurafenib Retinal detachment (12%) [2] Family: Sterculiaceae
Class: MEK inhibitor Vision impaired (15%) Scientific names: Theobroma cacao, Theobroma
Half-life: 23–70 hours sativum
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Indications: Oral: asthma, bronchitis,
interactions with: carbamazepine, efavirenz, cardiovascular disease, diarrhea. Topical:
itraconazole, phenytoin, rifampin, St John’s wort, COCAINE cosmetics, pharmaceutical preparations, foods.
strong or moderate CYP3A4 inducers or Chocolate is produced from cocoa powder
inhibitors Indications: Topical anesthesia Class: Food supplement
Pregnancy category: N/A (Can cause fetal Class: Anesthetic, local, CNS stimulant Half-life: 5 hours
harm) Half-life: 75 minutes Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Important contra-indications noted in the Clinically important, potentially hazardous interactions with: aminophylline, caffeine,
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; interactions with: epinephrine, iobenguane cimetidine, clozapine, ephedra
pediatric patients Pregnancy category: C (the pregnancy category Pregnancy category: N/A
is X for non-medicinal use)
Skin Skin
Acneform eruption (16%) [3] Skin Prurigo [2]
Basal cell carcinoma (5%) Angioedema [3]
Diaphoresis [3] Central Nervous System
Erythema (10%) [2] Headache [4]
Hyperkeratosis (11%) [3] Hyperkeratosis (fingers and palms) [2]
Necrosis [6] Migraine [4]
Keratoacanthoma [3]
Photosensitivity (46%) [8] Purpura [4]
Rash [7] Raynaud’s phenomenon [2]
Squamous cell carcinoma (6%) [6] Scleroderma (reversible) [3] CODEINE
Vasculitis [14]
Hair Synonym: methylmorphine
Alopecia (15%) [3] Mucosal
Nasal septal perforation [4] Trade names: Halotussin (Watson), Nucofed
Mucosal Palatal perforation [7] (Monarch), Robitussin AC (Wyeth), Tussi-
Stomatitis (14%) Organidin (MedPointe)
Cardiovascular Indications: Pain, cough suppressant
Cardiovascular Angina [2]
Hypertension (15%) Class: Opiate agonist
Brugada syndrome [3] Half-life: 2.5–4 hours
Central Nervous System Chest pain [5] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Chills (10%) Myocardial infarction [6] interactions with: alcohol, cinacalcet, CNS
Fever (28%) [4] Myocardial ischemia [2] depressants, delavirdine, MAO inhibitors,
mianserin, terbinafine, tipranavir
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual COLLAGEN (BOVINE)
Pregnancy category: C diltiazem, efavirenz, erythromycin, fenofibrate, Cardiovascular

Important contra-indications noted in the fibrates, fluvastatin, gemfibrozil, grapefruit juice, Hypertension (3%)
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, indinavir, Central Nervous System
mothers; pediatric patients itraconazole, ketoconazole, lapatinib, lopinavir, Headache [2]
Warning: DEATH RELATED TO ULTRA-RAPID ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir, P-glycoprotein
METABOLISM OF CODEINE TO MORPHINE inhibitors or inducers, pravastatin, protease Neuromuscular/Skeletal
inhibitors, ritonavir, rosuvastatin, saxagliptin, Myalgia/Myopathy (2%)
Skin simvastatin, strong CYP3A4 inhibitors, Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Angioedema [2] telithromycin, troleandomycin, verapamil, Abdominal pain (4%)
Dermatitis [5] voriconazole Constipation (9–10%) [3]
Erythema multiforme [4] Pregnancy category: C Diarrhea (3%)
Exanthems [6] Important contra-indications noted in the Dyspepsia (4–6%) [3]
Fixed eruption [6] prescribing guidelines for: the elderly Flatulence (11%)
Pruritus [3] Note: Contra-indicated in patients with renal or Gastrointestinal disorder [4]
Rash (<10%) hepatic impairment where P-glycoprotein or Nausea (3%)
Toxic epidermal necrolysis [2] strong CYP3A4 inhibitors are also prescribed.
Respiratory
Urticaria (<10%) [9] Nasopharyngitis (4%)
Mucosal Skin Endocrine/Metabolic
Xerostomia (<10%) Pruritus [2]
Hypoglycemia (3%) [3]
Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome [2]
Central Nervous System Toxic epidermal necrolysis [3] Other
Somnolence (drowsiness) [3] Vasculitis [2] Adverse effects [4]
Hair
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Alopecia (<10%) [6]
Constipation [3]
COLLAGEN (BOVINE)
Nausea [2]
Pancreatitis [5] Headache (2%)
Trade names: Bellafill (Suneva), Zyderm
Vomiting [2] Neurotoxicity [3]
(Inamed), Zyplast (Inamed)
Respiratory Neuromuscular/Skeletal Indications: Cataract surgery (collagen shields),
Respiratory depression [4] Asthenia (fatigue) (<4%) depressed cutaneous scars, facial lines, wrinkles,
Gouty tophi (4%) glottic insufficiency, phonosurgey, urinary
Local Myalgia/Myopathy [20] incontinence
Injection-site pain (<10%) Rhabdomyolysis [18] Class: Protein
Other Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Half-life: Several months to years
Death [5] Abdominal pain (<20%) [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Diarrhea (23%) [6] interactions with: argatroban, avitene
Gastrointestinal disorder [2] Pregnancy category: N/A
COENZYME Q-10 Hepatotoxicity [3] Important contra-indications noted in the
Nausea (<20%) [3]
Family: None Vomiting (<20%) [4] Note: A reaction to the anesthetic, lidocaine, in
Scientific names: Mitoquinone, Ubidecarenone, liquid collagen injections may occur. Artecoll and
Respiratory Bellafill contain polymethyl-methacrylate
Ubiquinone Pharyngolaryngeal pain (3%)
Indications: Congestive heart failure, angina, microspheres.
diabetes, hypertension, breast cancer, increasing Other
exercise tolerance, muscular dystrophy, chronic Adverse effects [6] Skin
fatigue Death [3] Abscess [2]
Class: Food supplement Side effects (14%) Churg-Strauss syndrome [7]
Half-life: N/A Dermatomyositis [3]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Edema [2]
interactions with: none known COLESEVELAM Erythema [3]
Note: CoQ-10 was first identified in 1957. It is Granulomatous reaction [2]
widely used in Japan where millions of Japanese Trade names: Cholestagel (Genzyme), Welchol Hypersensitivity [10]
patients receive CoQ-10 as part of their (Sankyo) Induration [3]
treatment for congestive heart failure. Indications: Hypercholesterolemia, Panniculitis [2]
hyperlipidemia, Type II diabetes mellitus Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Class: Bile acid sequestrant Arthralgia [2]
COLCHICINE Half-life: N/A
Polymyositis [3]
interactions with: cyclosporine, deferasirox, Other
Indications: Gouty arthritis (in adults), gout,
estradiol, glyburide, levothyroxine, olmesartan, Adverse effects [12]
familial Mediterranean fever
phenytoin, warfarin Allergic reactions [7]
Class: Alkaloid, Anti-inflammatory
Half-life: 27–31 hours (following multiple doses) Pregnancy category: B
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Important contra-indications noted in the
interactions with: amiodarone, aprepitant, prescribing guidelines for: pediatric patients
atazanavir, atorvastatin, azithromycin, boceprevir, Note: Contra-indicated in patients with a history
clarithromycin, cobicistat/elvitegravir/ of bowel obstruction, with serum triglyceride
emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide, cobicistat/ concentrations >500 mg/dL or with a history of
elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil, hypertriglyceridemia-induced pancreatitis.
conivaptan, cyanocobalamin, cyclosporine,
darunavir, dasatinib, delavirdine, digoxin,
COMFREY Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
pantoprazole, paricalcitol, pazopanib,

COMFREY pimecrolimus, pioglitazone, ponatinib, prasugrel, COPANLISIB
ramelteon, ranolazine, ribociclib, ritonavir,
Family: Boraginaceae rivaroxaban, romidepsin, rosuvastatin, ruxolitinib, Trade name: Aliqopa (Bayer)
Scientific names: Symphytum asperum, salmeterol, saxagliptin, sildenafil, silodosin, Indications: Relapsed follicular lymphoma in
Symphytum officinale, Symphytum peregrinum, simvastatin, sorafenib, St John’s wort, tadalafil, adult patients who have received at least two
Symphytum x uplandicum tamsulosin, telithromycin, temsirolimus, prior systemic therapies
Indications: Leaf: Gastric and duodenal ulcer, terbinafine, tiagabine, tiotropium, tipranavir, Class: Kinase inhibitor
rheumatic pain, gout, arthritis. Topical: poultice tolvaptan, trimethoprim, ulipristal, vardenafil, Half-life: 39 hours
for bruises, sprains, athlete’s foot, crural ulcers, venetoclax, vorapaxar, voriconazole, ziprasidone Clinically important, potentially hazardous
mastitis, varicose ulcers. Root: Gastric and Pregnancy category: C interactions with: boceprevir, carbamazepine,
duodenal ulcers, hematemesis, colitis, diarrhea. Important contra-indications noted in the clarithromycin, cobicistat, conivaptan, danoprevir,
Topical: ulcers, wounds, fractures, hernia prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; dasabuvir/ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir,
Class: Carminative pediatric patients diltiazem, elvitegravir, enzalutamide, grapefruit
Half-life: N/A juice, idelalisib, indinavir, itraconazole,
Clinically important, potentially hazardous ketoconazole, lopinavir, mitotane, nefazodone,
interactions with: eucalyptus Skin nelfinavir, phenytoin, posaconazole, rifampin,
Pregnancy category: N/A Erythema (3%) ritonavir, saquinavir, St John’s wort, strong
Note: The FDA warns that comfrey contains Peripheral edema (3–8%) CYP3A4 inducers or inhibitors, tipranavir,
pyrrolizidine alkaloids that can cause cirrhosis and Pruritus (<5%) troleandomycin, voriconazole
liver failure when taken orally in high doses. Mucosal Pregnancy category: N/A (Can cause fetal
Topical application is safer and more effective; Oral candidiasis (2%) harm)
allantoin in comfrey stimulates cell proliferation, Xerostomia (4%) Important contra-indications noted in the
accelerating wound healing. Cardiovascular prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Oral products containing comfrey are banned in Atrial fibrillation (2–5%) pediatric patients
the USA, UK, Australia, Canada and Germany. Hypertension (6–8%)
Hypotension (5–8%) [4] Skin
Skin Orthostatic hypotension (6–14%) Rash (15%)
Erythema [2] Phlebitis (32–51%) Mucosal
Pruritus [2] Central Nervous System Mucosal inflammation (8%)
Cardiovascular Confusion (<5%) Stomatitis (14%)
Veno-occlusive disease [4] Fever (5–11%) [2] Cardiovascular
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Headache (8–10%) Hypertension (26%) [3]
Hepatotoxicity [3] Insomnia (4–5%)
Local Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Dysesthesia (7%)
Application-site reactions [2] Constipation (6–8%) Paresthesias (7%)
Diarrhea (<7%)
Other Nausea (3–5%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Adverse effects [2] Vomiting (5–7%) Asthenia (fatigue) (36%)
Death [2] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Respiratory
Pharyngolaryngeal pain (<5%) Diarrhea (36%)
Pneumonia (2–5%) Nausea (26%) [2]
CONIVAPTAN Endocrine/Metabolic
Vomiting (13%)
Hypokalemia (10–22%) Respiratory
Trade name: Vaprisol (Astellas) Pneumonitis (9%)
Indications: Hyponatremia, SIADH Hypomagnesemia (2–5%)
Class: CYP3A4 inhibitor, Vasopressin receptor Hyponatremia (6–8%) Endocrine/Metabolic
antagonist Genitourinary Hyperglycemia (54%) [5]
Half-life: 5 hours Urinary tract infection (4–5%) Hypertriglyceridemia (58%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Hyperuricemia (25%)
Hematologic Hypophosphatemia (44%)
interactions with: acetaminophen, albendazole, Anemia (5–6%)
alfuzosin, almotriptan, alosetron, ambrisentan, Hematologic
amitriptyline, amlodipine, antifungals, aprepitant, Local Hemoglobin decreased (78%)
artemether/lumefantrine, atorvastatin, Infusion-site erythema (<6%) Hyperlipasemia (21%)
bexarotene, bortezomib, brigatinib, brinzolamide, Infusion-site pain (<5%) Leukopenia (36%)
bupivacaine, cabazitaxel, cabozantinib, Infusion-site reactions (63–73%) [5] Lymphopenia (78%)
ciclesonide, cilostazol, cinacalcet, citalopram, Other Neutropenia (32%)
clarithromycin, colchicine, copanlisib, Dipsia (thirst) (3–6%) [2] Thrombocytopenia (22%)
cyclobenzaprine, CYP3A4 inhibitors or Other
substrates, darunavir, dasatinib, deferasirox,
Infection (21%)
delavirdine, dienogest, digoxin, docetaxel,
dronedarone, dutasteride, efavirenz, enalapril,
eplerenone, estradiol, eszopiclone, everolimus,
fentanyl, fesoterodine, fingolimod, flibanserin,
gefitinib, guanfacine, halofantrine, indinavir,
itraconazole, ixabepilone, ketoconazole, lapatinib,
lomitapide, maraviroc, meloxicam, metaxalone,
methylprednisolone, micafungin, midazolam,
midostaurin, mifepristone, mometasone,
neratinib, nilotinib, nisoldipine, oxybutynin,
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual CRIZOTINIB
Class: Food supplement Skin

CORDYCEPS Half-life: N/A Edema (38%) [13]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Peripheral edema [6]
Family: Ascomycetes; Clavicipitaceae interactions with: none known Photosensitivity [2]
Scientific name: Cordyceps sinensis Pregnancy category: N/A Rash (16%) [4]
Indications: Anemia, arrhythmia, anti-aging, Note: Creatine is found primarily in skeletal
atherosclerosis, bronchitis, cough, dizziness, Mucosal
muscle (95%), also in heart, brain, testes and Stomatitis (11%)
hyperlipidemia, athletic performance, lethargy, other tissues. The body synthesizes 1–2 grams of
liver disorders, male sexual dysfunction, nocturia, creatine a day. Cardiovascular
tinnitus Creatine use is widespread among amateur and Bradycardia (5%) [7]
Class: Immunomodulator professional athletes including, Mark McGuire, Cardiotoxicity [2]
Half-life: N/A Sammy Sosa, John Elway and others. Americans Chest pain (12%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous use more than 4 million kilograms of creatine QT prolongation [9]
interactions with: none known each year. Central Nervous System
Pregnancy category: N/A Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (13%) [6]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Fever (12%) [2]
Myalgia/Myopathy [2] Headache (13%)
CORTISONE Rhabdomyolysis [5] Insomnia (12%)
Neurotoxicity (23%) [2]
Trade name: Cortone (Merck) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Vertigo (dizziness) (24%) [6]
Indications: Arthralgia, dermatoses Hepatotoxicity [3]
Class: Corticosteroid Renal Arthralgia (11%)
Half-life: N/A Nephrotoxicity [2] Asthenia (fatigue) (31%) [13]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Other Back pain (11%)
interactions with: chlorpropamide, diuretics, Adverse effects [2] Bone or joint pain [2]
ethambutol, live vaccines, pancuronium, rifampin
Pregnancy category: C Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Important contra-indications noted in the Abdominal pain (16%) [2]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers CRISABOROLE Constipation (38%) [14]
Diarrhea (49%) [28]
Trade name: Eucrisa (Pfizer) Dyspepsia [3]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Indications: Atopic dermatitis Dysphagia [3]
Osteonecrosis [15] Class: Phosphodiesterase type 4 (PDE4) inhibitor Esophagitis [8]
Osteoporosis [10] Half-life: N/A Gastroesophageal reflux [2]
Tendinopathy/Tendon rupture [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous Hepatitis [2]
Ocular interactions with: none known Hepatotoxicity [14]
Cataract [5] Pregnancy category: N/A (No available data) Nausea (57%) [26]
Glaucoma [8] Important contra-indications noted in the Vomiting (45%) [25]
Other prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Respiratory
Adverse effects [2] pediatric patients
Cough (21%)
Dyspnea (22%)
Local Pneumonia [2]
CRANBERRY Application-site burning [3] Pneumonitis [6]
Application-site pain (4%) [4] Pulmonary toxicity [11]
Family: Ericaceae Application-site stinging [2] Upper respiratory tract infection (20%)
Scientific name: Vaccinium oxycoccus Endocrine/Metabolic
Indications: Erythema, hyperplasia, thrush, ALT increased (15%) [12]
cystitis, prevention of urinary tract infections, CRIZOTINIB Appetite decreased (27%) [5]
tumor inhibition, influenza, common cold, scurvy, AST increased (11%) [10]
pleurisy Trade name: Xalkori (Pfizer) Dehydration [2]
Class: Diuretic, Proanthocyanadin Indications: Advanced or metastatic non-small Hyperbilirubinemia [2]
Half-life: N/A cell lung cancer in ALK-positive patients Hypocalcemia [2]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Class: Tyrosine kinase inhibitor Hypogonadism [6]
interactions with: none known Half-life: 42 hours Hypophosphatemia [5]
Pregnancy category: N/A Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Renal
Note: Cranberry juice contains oxalates, a interactions with: alfentanil, atazanavir,
Nephrotoxicity [10]
common component of kidney stones, and should carbamazepine, clarithromycin, cyclosporine,
be limited in patients with a history of CYP3A4 inducers, inhibitors or substrates, Hematologic
nephrolithiasis. dihydroergotamine, efavirenz, ergotamine, Anemia [3]
fentanyl, grapefruit juice, indinavir, itraconazole, Leukopenia [2]
ketoconazole, nefazodone, nelfinavir, neratinib, Lymphopenia (11%) [5]
CREATINE olaparib, phenobarbital, phenytoin, pimozide,
quinidine, rifabutin, rifampin, ritonavir, saquinavir, Ocular
Scientific names: N-(aminoiminomethyl)-N sirolimus, St John’s wort, tacrolimus, Diplopia [2]
methyl glycine, N-amidinosarcosine telithromycin, troleandomycin, voriconazole Ocular adverse effects (64%) [13]
Indications: Improve exercise performance, Pregnancy category: D Photophobia [2]
increase muscle mass, heart failure, Important contra-indications noted in the Photopsia [3]
neuromuscular disease, cholesterol-lowering, prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Reduced visual acuity [2]
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, rheumatoid pediatric patients Vision blurred [7]
arthritis, cardiac surgery (IV) Vision impaired [3]
CRIZOTINIB See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Visual disturbances [17]

Vitreous floaters [2] CYANOCOBALAMIN CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE
Other Synonym: Vitamin B12 Synonyms: CPM; CTX; CYT
Adverse effects [5] Trade name: Nascobal (Nastech) Trade names: Cytoxan (Mead Johnson), Neosar
Death [3] Indications: Vitamin B12 deficiency, pernicious (Gensia)
anemia Indications: Lymphomas, minimal change
Class: Vitamin nephrotic syndrome in pediatric patients
CROFELEMER Half-life: 6 days Class: Alkylating agent
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Half-life: 3–12 hours
Trade name: Fulyzaq (Salix) interactions with: colchicine Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Indications: Non-infectious diarrhea in adult Pregnancy category: C interactions with: aldesleukin, azathioprine,
patients with HIV/AIDS on anti-retroviral therapy belimumab, clozapine, cyclopenthiazide,
Class: Proanthocyanidin oligomer Skin cyclosporine, dexamethasone, etanercept,
Half-life: N/A Acneform eruption [8] itraconazole, mycophenolate, pentostatin,
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [6] prednisone, vaccines
interactions with: none known Dermatitis [2] Pregnancy category: D
Pregnancy category: C Exanthems [3] Important contra-indications noted in the
Important contra-indications noted in the Hypersensitivity [2] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Nicolau syndrome [2] Note: Contra-indicated in patients with urinary
mothers; pediatric patients Pruritus (<10%) outflow obstruction.
Note: Derived from the red latex of Croton Urticaria [7]
lechleri which is also known as Sangre de Drago Skin
or dragon’s blood. Other
Allergic reactions [3] Acral erythema [3]
Skin Edema [5]
Acneform eruption (<2%) CYCLOBENZAPRINE Exanthems [4]
Dermatitis (<2%) Flushing (<10%)
Herpes zoster (<2%) Trade name: Flexeril (McNeil) Graft-versus-host reaction [2]
Mucosal Indications: Muscle spasms Hand–foot syndrome [10]
Xerostomia (<2%) Class: Central muscle relaxant Herpes zoster [4]
Half-life: 8–37 hours Hypersensitivity [6]
Central Nervous System Clinically important, potentially hazardous Kaposi’s sarcoma [2]
Anxiety (2%) interactions with: acetylcholinesterase Lupus erythematosus [2]
Depression (<2%) inhibitors, anticholinergics, barbiturates, Lymphoma [4]
Vertigo (dizziness) (<2%) cisapride, CNS depressants, conivaptan, CYP1A2 Malignancies [2]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal inhibitors, droperidol, levomepromazine, Pemphigus [2]
Arthralgia (3%) linezolid, MAO inhibitors, phendimetrazine, Pigmentation [16]
Back pain (3%) pramlintide, safinamide Pruritus [2]
Bone or joint pain (2%) Radiation recall dermatitis [6]
Pain in extremities (<2%) Rash (<10%) [6]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Scleroderma [2]
Abdominal distension (2%) Squamous cell carcinoma [2]
Abdominal pain (<2%) Stevens-Johnson syndrome [2]
Constipation (<2%) Mucosal Toxicity [6]
Dyspepsia (<2%) Xerostomia (7–32%) [7] Urticaria [8]
Flatulence (3%) Central Nervous System Vasculitis [2]
Gastroenteritis (<2%) Confusion (<3%) Hair
Nausea (3%) Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (<3%) Alopecia [30]
Respiratory Headache (5%) [3] Nails
Bronchitis (4%) Irritability (<3%) Leukonychia (Mees’ lines) (Muehrcke’s lines)
Cough (4%) Nervousness (<3%) [3]
Nasopharyngitis (2%) Serotonin syndrome [3] Melanonychia [2]
Sinusitis (<2%) Somnolence (drowsiness) (29–39%) [8] Nail pigmentation [16]
Upper respiratory tract infection (6%) Vertigo (dizziness) (<11%) [8]
Mucosal
Endocrine/Metabolic Neuromuscular/Skeletal Gingival pigmentation [2]
ALT increased (2%) Asthenia (fatigue) (6%) [3] Mucositis [4]
AST increased (<2%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Oral mucositis [2]
Genitourinary Abdominal pain (<3%) Oral ulceration [2]
Pollakiuria (<2%) Constipation (<3%) [3] Stomatitis (10%) [6]
Diarrhea (<3%) Cardiovascular
Renal Nausea (<3%)
Nephrolithiasis (<2%) Atrial fibrillation [2]
Respiratory Cardiotoxicity [6]
Hematologic Pharyngitis (<3%) Hypotension [2]
Leukopenia (<2%) Upper respiratory tract infection (<3%) Central Nervous System
Other Ocular Anorexia [3]
Infection (giardiasis) (2%) Vision blurred (<3%) Dysgeusia (taste perversion) [2]
Other Fever [3]
Adverse effects [2] Headache [3]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual CYCLOSPORINE
Leukoencephalopathy [6] Central Nervous System velpatasvir/voxilaprevir, spironolactone, St John’s

Neurotoxicity [7] Depression [2] wort, sulfacetamide, sulfadiazine,
Peripheral neuropathy [8] Neurotoxicity [2] sulfamethoxazole, sulfisoxazole, sulfonamides,
Psychosis [7] tacrolimus, telithromycin, temsirolimus,
Seizures [4] tenoxicam, terbinafine, testosterone, ticarcillin,
Arthralgia [2]
Suicidal ideation [2] tinidazole, tipranavir, tofacitinib, tolvaptan,
Asthenia (fatigue) [15]
trabectedin, trandolapril, triamterene,
Myalgia/Myopathy [7] Renal trimethoprim, troleandomycin, ursodiol, vaccines,
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Nephrotoxicity [2] vecuronium, venetoclax, voriconazole, warfarin,
Abdominal pain [2] Other zofenopril
Constipation [2] Adverse effects [4] Pregnancy category: C
Diarrhea [9] Important contra-indications noted in the
Hepatotoxicity [11] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Nausea [12] pediatric patients
Vomiting [12]
CYCLOSPORINE Note: Restasis is an ophthalmic emulsion.
Respiratory Synonyms: CsA; CyA
Pneumonia [4] Trade names: Neoral (Novartis), Restasis Skin
Endocrine/Metabolic (Allergan), Sandimmune (Novartis) Acne keloid [2]
Amenorrhea [16] Indications: Rheumatoid arthritis, prophylaxis of Acneform eruption [7]
Hyperglycemia [2] organ rejection in transplants, psoriasis, Restasis is Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [8]
Hyponatremia [4] indicated for patients with moderate-to-severe Basal cell carcinoma [4]
Menstrual irregularities [2] dry eye syndrome Candidiasis [2]
SIADH [9] Class: Calcineurin inhibitor, Disease-modifying Cyst [5]
antirheumatic drug (DMARD), Edema (5–14%)
Genitourinary Immunosuppressant Fibroadenoma [2]
Cystitis [10] Half-life: 10–27 hours (adults) Flushing (2–5%) [5]
Urinary tract infection [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous Folliculitis [8]
Hematologic interactions with: afatinib, aliskiren, Herpes simplex [4]
Anemia [11] ambrisentan, amiloride, aminoglycosides, Herpes zoster [2]
Cytopenia [2] amiodarone, amphotericin B, ampicillin, Hot flashes [2]
Febrile neutropenia [16] amprenavir, anisindione, anticoagulants, Hypersensitivity [2]
Hemorrhage [2] armodafinil, atazanavir, atorvastatin, azathioprine, Kaposi’s sarcoma [5]
Hemotoxicity [10] azithromycin, bacampicillin, basiliximab, Keratoses [3]
Leukopenia [13] benazepril, bezafibrate, boceprevir, bosentan, Keratosis pilaris [2]
Lymphopenia [3] bupropion, captopril, carbenicillin, caspofungin, Linear IgA bullous dermatosis [2]
Myelosuppression [5] ceritinib, cholestyramine, cholic acid, choline Lymphocytic infiltration [5]
Neutropenia [37] fenofibrate, cilazapril, ciprofloxacin, Lymphoma [12]
Sepsis [2] clarithromycin, cloxacillin, co-trimoxazole, Lymphoproliferative disease [2]
Thrombocytopenia [17] cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir Malignancies [2]
disoproxil, colchicine, colesevelam, Mycosis fungoides [2]
Local corticosteroids, crizotinib, cyclophosphamide,
Infusion-related reactions [2] Peripheral edema [3]
dabigatran, daclizumab, danazol, daptomycin, Pruritus (<2%) [2]
Other darifenacin, darunavir, dasatinib, delavirdine, Pseudolymphoma [6]
Adverse effects [17] dichlorphenamide, diclofenac, dicloxacillin,
Psoriasis [2]
Allergic reactions [2] dicumarol, digoxin, diltiazem, disulfiram,
Purpura (3%) [4]
Death [9] docetaxel, doxycycline, dronedarone, echinacea,
Rash (7–12%)
Hiccups [4] efavirenz, elbasvir & grazoprevir, eluxadoline,
Raynaud’s phenomenon [2]
Infection [22] enalapril, enzalutamide, erythromycin, ethotoin,
etoposide, etoricoxib, everolimus, ezetimibe,
Sebaceous hyperplasia [9]
flunisolide, fluoxymesterone, fluvastatin, Squamous cell carcinoma [12]
foscarnet, fosinopril, fosphenytoin, gemfibrozil, Thrombocytopenic purpura [5]
CYCLOSERINE glecaprevir & pibrentasvir, grapefruit juice, Toxicity [2]
Hemophilus B vaccine, HMG-CoA reductase Urticaria [2]
Trade name: Seromycin (Lilly) inhibitors, imatinib, imipenem/cilastatin, indinavir, Vasculitis [3]
Indications: Tuberculosis influenza vaccine, irbesartan, itraconazole, Hair
Class: Antibiotic ketoconazole, lanreotide, letermovir, Alopecia (3–4%) [2]
Half-life: 10 hours levofloxacin, lisinopril, lopinavir, lovastatin, Alopecia areata [6]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous meloxicam, mephenytoin, methicillin, Hirsutism [10]
interactions with: none known methoxsalen, methylphenidate, Hypertrichosis (5–19%) [35]
Pregnancy category: C methylprednisolone, methyltestosterone, Pseudofolliculitis barbae [2]
Important contra-indications noted in the mezlocillin, micafungin, mifepristone, mizolastine,
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; moxifloxacin, mycophenolate, nafcillin, Nails
pediatric patients naldemedine, natalizumab, nelfinavir, neratinib, Brittle nails (<2%)
nevirapine, nifedipine, nisoldipine, norfloxacin, Leukonychia (Mees’ lines) [2]
Skin NSAIDs, ofloxacin, olmesartan, omeprazole, Mucosal
orlistat, osimertinib, oxacillin, oxcarbazepine, Aphthous stomatitis [2]
Dermatitis [2]
pasireotide, penicillins, phenytoin, pitavastatin, Gingival hyperplasia/hypertrophy (2–6%)
Exanthems [4]
posaconazole, pravastatin, prednisolone, [160]
Lichenoid eruption [2]
prednisone, pristinamycin, quinapril, rabeprazole, Gingivitis (3–4%)
Mucosal ramipril, ranolazine, ribociclib, rifabutin, rifampin, Oral ulceration [2]
Gingival hyperplasia/hypertrophy [3] rifapentine, ritonavir, rosuvastatin, sevelamer, Rectal hemorrhage (<3%)
silodosin, simvastatin, sirolimus, sofosbuvir/ Stomatitis (5–7%)
CYCLOSPORINE Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Cardiovascular Ocular Exanthems [7]

Arrhythmias (2–5%) Hallucinations, visual [2] Hand–foot syndrome [22]
Capillary leak syndrome [2] Ocular burning (Restasis) (17%) Herpes zoster [2]
Chest pain (4–6%) Ocular pain [2] Hypersensitivity [2]
Hypertension (8–28%) [27] Papilledema [2] Neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis [11]
Central Nervous System Other Pruritus (<10%)
Anorexia (3%) Adverse effects [21] Rash (>10%) [4]
Depression (<6%) Infection [6] Seborrheic keratoses (inflammation of)
Dysesthesia [2] (Leser–Trélat syndrome) [2]
Encephalopathy [4] Toxic epidermal necrolysis [2]
Toxicity [5]
Fever (3–6%)
Headache (14–25%) [5]
CYPROTERONE Vasculitis [3]
Insomnia (<4%) Trade name: Androcur (Bayer) Hair
Leukoencephalopathy [17] Indications: Control of libido in severe Alopecia (<10%) [5]
Migraine (2–3%) hypersexuality and/or sexual deviation in the adult Nails
Neurotoxicity [11] male Leukonychia (Mees’ lines) [2]
Pain (3–13%) Class: Androgen antagonist, Progesterone agonist
Paresthesias (5–11%) [8] Mucosal
Half-life: 1.7 days Mucositis [3]
Parkinsonism [6] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Pseudotumor cerebri [3] Oral lesions [5]
interactions with: alcohol, clotrimazole, Oral ulceration (>10%)
Rigors (<3%) fingolimod, itraconazole, ketoconazole,
Seizures [4] Perianal ulcerations (>10%)
pazopanib, phenytoin, rifampin, ritonavir, St John’s Stomatitis [2]
Tremor (7–13%) [5] wort
Vertigo (dizziness) (6–8%) Pregnancy category: X (not indicated for use in Cardiovascular
Neuromuscular/Skeletal women) Thrombophlebitis (>10%)
Arthralgia (<6%) Important contra-indications noted in the Central Nervous System
Asthenia (fatigue) (3–6%) [4] prescribing guidelines for: pediatric patients Fever [3]
Myalgia/Myopathy [10] Headache [4]
Rhabdomyolysis [13] Skin Leukoencephalopathy [8]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Tumors [3] Neurotoxicity [10]
Abdominal pain (15%) [3] Peripheral neuropathy [2]
Cardiovascular
Diarrhea (5–13%) [3] Venous thromboembolism [2] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Dyspepsia (2–12%) Myalgia/Myopathy (<10%)
Flatulence (4–5%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal Rhabdomyolysis [3]
Gastrointestinal disorder (2–4%) [2] Osteoporosis [2]
Hepatotoxicity [9] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Diarrhea [5]
Nausea (6–23%) [2] Hepatotoxicity [24] Hepatotoxicity [5]
Vomiting (6–9%) [2] Respiratory Nausea [4]
Respiratory Dyspnea [4] Pancreatitis [5]
Bronchitis (<3%) Vomiting [4]
Bronchospasm (5%) Respiratory
Cough (3–5%) CYTARABINE Pneumonia [3]
Dyspnea (<5%)
Influenza (<10%) Endocrine/Metabolic
Synonym: ara-C Hypokalemia [2]
Pharyngitis (3–4%) Trade names: Cytosar-U (Sicor), DepoCyt
Pneumonia (<4%) (Pacira) Hematologic
Rhinitis (<5%) Indications: Leukemias Anemia [2]
Sinusitis (3–4%) Class: Antimetabolite, Antineoplastic, Antiviral Bleeding [2]
Upper respiratory tract infection (8–15%) Half-life: initial: 10–15 minutes Febrile neutropenia [8]
Endocrine/Metabolic Clinically important, potentially hazardous Hemotoxicity [3]
Diabetes mellitus [2] interactions with: aldesleukin Leukopenia [2]
Gynecomastia (>3%) [3] Pregnancy category: D Myelosuppression [3]
Hypertriglyceridemia [2] Important contra-indications noted in the Neutropenia [7]
Hypomagnesemia (4–6%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Sepsis [2]
Menstrual irregularities (<3%) pediatric patients Thrombocytopenia [6]
Serum creatinine increased (16–43%) [4] Note: DepoCyt is a liposomal formulation. Ocular
Genitourinary Vasculitis, a part of the cytarabine syndrome, Ocular adverse effects [3]
Urinary frequency (2–4%) consists of fever, malaise, myalgia, conjunctivitis, Local
Urinary tract infection (3%) arthralgia and a diffuse erythematous Injection-site cellulitis (<10%)
maculopapular eruption that occurs from 6–12
Renal hours following the administration of the drug. Other
Nephrotoxicity [94] Warning: DepoCyt: CHEMICAL Adverse effects [5]
Renal function abnormal [4] ARACHNOIDITIS ADVERSE REACTIONS Death [4]
Hematologic Infection [6]
Anemia [4] Skin
Dyslipidemia [4] Acral erythema [16]
Hemolytic uremic syndrome [17] Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [3]
Leukopenia [2] Ephelides (<10%)
Neutropenia [3] Erythema [5]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual DACARBAZINE
Endocrine/Metabolic
DABIGATRAN DABRAFENIB ALP increased (19%) [2]
ALT increased [4]
Trade name: Pradaxa (Boehringer Ingelheim) Trade name: Tafinlar (Novartis) Appetite decreased [3]
Indications: Prevention of venous Indications: Melanoma (unresectable or AST increased [5]
thromboembolic events, reduce stroke risk metastatic) in patients with BRAF V600E mutation Hyperglycemia (50%)
Class: Anticoagulant, Thrombin inhibitor Class: BRAF inhibitor, Kinase inhibitor Hyponatremia (8%) [2]
Half-life: 2.5 days Half-life: 8 hours Hypophosphatemia (37%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Clinically important, potentially hazardous
interactions with: amiodarone, antacids, interactions with: strong CYP3A4 or CYP2C8 Renal
anticoagulants, atorvastatin, carbamazepine, inducers or inhibitors inhibitors Nephrotoxicity (<10%) [2]
clarithromycin, clopidogrel, collagenase, Pregnancy category: D Hematologic
cyclosporine, darunavir, dasatinib, deferasirox, Important contra-indications noted in the Anemia [5]
desirudin, dextran, diclofenac, dronedarone, prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Leukopenia [2]
fondaparinux, heparin, ibritumomab, pediatric patients Neutropenia [4]
itraconazole, ketoconazole, ketorolac, lapatinib, Ocular
meloxicam, nandrolone, neratinib, NSAIDs, P- Skin Chorioretinopathy [2]
glycoprotein inducers and inhibitors, Acneform eruption [5] Vision blurred [3]
pantoprazole, pentosan, phenytoin, polysulfate Actinic keratoses [3]
sodium, prostacyclin analogues, proton pump Other
Basal cell carcinoma [4] Adverse effects [8]
inhibitors, quinidine, rifampin, rivaroxaban, Bullae (<10%)
salicylates, St John’s wort, sulfinpyrazone, Erythema [2]
tacrolimus, telaprevir, thrombolytic agents, Exanthems [2]
ticlopidine, tipranavir, tositumomab & iodine131, Hand–foot syndrome (20%) [7] DACARBAZINE
ulipristal, verapamil, vitamin K antagonists Hyperkeratosis (37%) [14]
Pregnancy category: C Hypersensitivity (<10%) Synonym: DIC
Important contra-indications noted in the Keratoacanthoma (7%) [7] Trade name: DTIC-Dome (Bayer)
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Keratosis pilaris [4] Indications: Malignant melanoma, carcinomas
mothers; pediatric patients Lesions [2] Class: Alkylating agent, Antineoplastic
Note: Contra-indicated in patients with active Malignant melanoma (2%) Half-life: 5 hours
pathological bleeding or with a mechanical Panniculitis [6] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
prosthetic heart valve. Papillomas (27%) [5] interactions with: aldesleukin
Warning: DISCONTINUING PRADAXA IN Peripheral edema [4] Pregnancy category: C
PATIENTS WITHOUT ADEQUATE Photosensitivity [8] Important contra-indications noted in the
CONTINUOUS ANTICOAGULATION Pruritus [4] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers
INCREASES RISK OF STROKE Rash (17%) [7]
Seborrheic keratoses [2] Skin
Skin Squamous cell carcinoma (7%) [18] Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis
Bruising (<10%) Toxicity [4] (<10%)
Exanthems [2] Transient acantholytic dermatosis [4] Flushing (<10%) [2]
Rash [2] Xerosis [5] Hypersensitivity [2]
Mucosal Hair Photosensitivity [10]
Epistaxis (nosebleed) [3] Alopecia (22%) [8] Rash (<10%) [2]
Hair changes [2] Urticaria [2]
Cardiovascular
Myocardial infarction [5] Cardiovascular Hair
Cardiotoxicity [2] Alopecia (<10%) [4]
Headache [2] Chest pain [2] Mucosal
Intracranial hemorrhage [4] Hypertension [4] Stomatitis (48%)
Subarachnoid hemorrhage [2] Central Nervous System Central Nervous System
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Chills [6] Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (<10%)
Abdominal pain [2] Fever (28%) [26] Peripheral neuropathy [2]
Dyspepsia (11%) [8] Headache (32%) [9] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Esophagitis [3] Intracranial hemorrhage [3] Asthenia (fatigue) (75%) [4]
Gastritis [2] Neuromuscular/Skeletal Myalgia/Myopathy (<10%)
Gastrointestinal bleeding (6%) [10] Arthralgia (27%) [12] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Genitourinary Asthenia (fatigue) [15] Diarrhea [3]
Hematuria [2] Back pain (12%) Hepatotoxicity [3]
Myalgia/Myopathy (11%) [2] Nausea [3]
Renal
Renal failure [4] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Vomiting [2]
Abdominal pain [2] Respiratory
Hematologic Constipation (11%) [2]
Anemia (<4%) Flu-like syndrome [2]
Diarrhea [7] Pulmonary toxicity [2]
Anticoagulation [2] Nausea [11]
Bleeding [3] Pancreatitis (<10%) Endocrine/Metabolic
Hemorrhage [9] Vomiting [9] ALT increased [2]
Thrombosis [3] AST increased [2]
Respiratory
Other Cough (12%) [3] Hematologic
Adverse effects [6] Nasopharyngitis (10%) Neutropenia [5]
Death [6] Thrombocytopenia [2]
DACARBAZINE See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Local Vomiting (>5%)

Injection-site burning (>10%) DACLIZUMAB Respiratory
Injection-site necrosis (>10%) Cough (>5%)
Injection-site pain (>10%) Trade names: Zenapax (Roche), Zinbryta
(Biogen) Dyspnea (>5%)
Other Indications: Transplant rejection (Zenapax), Hypoxia (2–5%)
Adverse effects [7] relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (Zinbryta) Nasopharyngitis [2]
Class: Immunosuppressant, Monoclonal antibody Pharyngitis (2–5%)
Half-life: 11–38 days Pleural effusion (2–5%)
Pneumonia [2]
DACLATASVIR Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Rhinitis (2–5%)
interactions with: corticosteroids, cyclosporine,
Trade name: Daklinza (Bristol-Myers Squibb) Hemophilus B vaccine, methylprednisolone, Upper respiratory tract infection [3]
Indications: Hepatitis C (in combination with mycophenolate, prednisolone Endocrine/Metabolic
sofosbuvir) Pregnancy category: C ALT increased [2]
Class: Direct-acting antiviral, Hepatitis C virus Important contra-indications noted in the AST increased [2]
NS5A inhibitor prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Dehydration (2–5%)
Half-life: 12–15 hours mothers; pediatric patients Diabetes mellitus (2–5%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Warning: Zinbryta: HEPATIC INJURY Genitourinary
interactions with: amiodarone, carbamazepine, INCLUDING AUTOIMMUNE HEPATITIS and Urinary retention (2–5%)
dabigatran, phenytoin, rifampin, St John’s wort OTHER IMMUNE-MEDIATED DISORDERS Urinary tract infection [2]
Pregnancy category: N/A (No data available)
Important contra-indications noted in the Renal
Skin Nephrotoxicity (2–5%)
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Acneform eruption (>5%)
pediatric patients Dermatitis [2] Hematologic
Note: See also separate entry for sofosbuvir. Eczema [6] Hemorrhage (>5%)
Edema (>5%) Thrombosis (>5%)
Skin Hypersensitivity [2] Ocular
Pruritus [4] Hypohidrosis (2–5%) Vision blurred (2–5%)
Rash [3] Lymphadenopathy [4] Local
Central Nervous System Peripheral edema (>5%) Application-site reactions (2–5%)
Anorexia [2] Pruritus (2–5%)
Psoriasis [2] Other
Fever [4] Adverse effects [4]
Headache (14%) [22] Rash (2–5%) [8]
Toxicity [2] Infection [7]
Insomnia [5]
Irritability [2] Wound complications (>5%)
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Hair
Arthralgia [2] Hirsutism (2–5%) DACTINOMYCIN
Asthenia (fatigue) (14%) [19] Cardiovascular Synonyms: ACT; actinomycin-D
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Chest pain (>5%) Trade name: Cosmegen (Merck)
Abdominal pain [3] Hypertension (>5%) Indications: Melanomas, sarcomas
Diarrhea (5%) [12] Hypotension (>5%) Class: Antibiotic, anthracycline
Hepatotoxicity [2] Pulmonary edema (>5%) Half-life: 36 hours
Nausea (8%) [17] Tachycardia (>5%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Vomiting [2] Central Nervous System interactions with: aldesleukin
Respiratory Anxiety (2–5%) Pregnancy category: D
Nasopharyngitis [2] Depression (2–5%) Important contra-indications noted in the
Fever (>5%) prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Endocrine/Metabolic Headache (>5%) [3] mothers; pediatric patients
ALT increased [10] Insomnia (>5%) Note: Contra-indicated in patients with
AST increased [4] Pain (>5%) chickenpox or herpes zoster infection.
Renal Tremor (>5%)
Renal failure [2] Vertigo (dizziness) (>5%) Skin
Hematologic Neuromuscular/Skeletal Acneform eruption (>10%) [6]
Anemia [8] Arthralgia (2–5%) Erythema [2]
Lymphopenia [2] Asthenia (fatigue) (>5%) Folliculitis [2]
Neutropenia [3] Back pain (>5%) Pigmentation [4]
Thrombocytopenia [2] Bone or joint pain (>5%) Pruritus [2]
Other Myalgia/Myopathy (2–5%) Pustules [2]
Adverse effects [8] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Radiation recall dermatitis (>10%) [4]
Abdominal distension (>5%) Hair
Abdominal pain (>5%) Alopecia (>10%)
Colitis [2] Mucosal
Constipation (>5%) Oral lesions [3]
Diarrhea (>5%) Stomatitis (ulcerative) (>5%)
Flatulence (2–5%)
Gastritis (2–5%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Hemorrhoids (2–5%) Nausea [2]
Hepatotoxicity [5] Hematologic
Nausea (>5%) Febrile neutropenia [2]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual DAPAGLIFLOZIN
Neutropenia [2] Skin Neuromuscular/Skeletal

Thrombocytopenia [2] Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis Rhabdomyolysis [5]
Local (<10%) [2] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Injection-site extravasation (>10%) Bullous dermatitis (<10%) Hepatotoxicity [4]
Injection-site necrosis (>10%) Pruritus (<10%)
Rash (<10%) Endocrine/Metabolic
Injection-site phlebitis (>10%) Pseudomenopause [2]
Other Hair Weight gain [2]
Death [2] Alopecia [2]
Other
Local Adverse effects [3]
Injection-site hematoma (<10%) Death [2]
DALFAMPRIDINE Injection-site pain (<10%)
Other
Synonym: 4-aminopyridine
Trade name: Ampyra (Acorda)
Allergic reactions (<10%) [3] DANTROLENE
Indications: Multiple sclerosis (to improve Trade names: Dantrium (Par), Ryanodex (Eagle)
walking)
Class: Potassium channel blocker
DAN-SHEN Indications: Spasticity, malignant hyperthermia
Class: Skeletal muscle relaxant, hydantoin
Half-life: 5–6.5 hours Family: Labiatae; Lamiaceae Half-life: 8.7 hours
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Scientific name: Salvia miltiorrhiza Clinically important, potentially hazardous
interactions with: none known Indications: Circulation problems, ischemic interactions with: verapamil
Pregnancy category: C stroke, angina pectoris, menstrual problems, Pregnancy category: C
Important contra-indications noted in the chronic hepatitis, abdominal masses, insomnia, Important contra-indications noted in the
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; acne, psoriasis, eczema, bruising, hearing loss prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
pediatric patients Class: Food supplement, Platelet aggregation mothers; pediatric patients
Note: Contra-indicated in patients with a history inhibitor Warning: HEPATOTOXICITY
of seizure, or with moderate or severe renal Half-life: N/A
impairment. Clinically important, potentially hazardous Skin
interactions with: none known Acneform eruption [3]
Central Nervous System Pregnancy category: N/A Rash (>10%)
Balance disorder (5%)
Gait instability [2] Cardiovascular
Hematologic Pericarditis [3]
Headache (7%) [5] Anticoagulation [4]
Insomnia (9%) [5] Central Nervous System
Multiple sclerosis (relapse) (4%) Other Chills (<10%)
Paresthesias (4%) [2] Adverse effects [3] Vertigo (dizziness) [2]
Seizures [5]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal DANAZOL Myalgia/Myopathy [2]
Indications: Endometriosis, fibrocystic breast Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Back pain (5%)
disease Hepatotoxicity [2]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Class: Pituitary hormone inhibitor Respiratory
Constipation (3%) Half-life: ~4.5 hours Eosinophillic pleural effusion [3]
Dyspepsia (2%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous Pleural effusion [5]
Nausea (7%) [4] interactions with: acenocoumarol, acitretin, Other
Respiratory atorvastatin, cyclosporine, insulin aspart, insulin
Adverse effects [2]
Nasopharyngitis (4%) degludec, insulin detemir, insulin glargine, insulin
Death [4]
Pharyngolaryngeal pain (2%) glulisine, oral contraceptives, paricalcitol,
Genitourinary simvastatin, tacrolimus, warfarin
Urinary tract infection (12%) [2] Pregnancy category: X
Important contra-indications noted in the DAPAGLIFLOZIN
Other prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Adverse effects [4] pediatric patients Trade names: Farxiga (AstraZeneca), Qtern
(AstraZeneca), Xigduo XR (AstraZeneca)
Indications: Type II diabetes mellitus
Skin
DALTEPARIN Acneform eruption (>10%) [6]
Class: Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2)
inhibitor
Diaphoresis (3%) Half-life: 13 hours
Trade name: Fragmin (Pfizer) Edema (>10%)
Indications: Prophylaxis of deep vein thrombosis Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Erythema multiforme [2] interactions with: pioglitazone
Class: Heparin, low molecular weight Exanthems [2]
Half-life: 4–8 hours Pregnancy category: C
Flushing [3] Important contra-indications noted in the
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Lupus erythematosus [4]
interactions with: butabarbital, danaparoid prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Rash (3%) mothers; pediatric patients
Pregnancy category: B Seborrhea [4]
Important contra-indications noted in the Note: Contra-indicated in patients with severe
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Hair renal impairment, end-stage renal disease, or
pediatric patients Alopecia [3] undergoing dialysis. Qtern is dapagliflozin and
Warning: SPINAL/EPIDURAL HEMATOMA Hirsutism (<10%) [5] saxagliptin; Xigduo XR is dapagliflozin and
metformin.
DAPAGLIFLOZIN Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Skin hepatitis, jaundice, lymphadenopathy and

Eczema [2] hemolytic anemia. DAPTOMYCIN
Cardiovascular Trade name: Cubicin (Cubist)
Hypertension [2] Skin Indications: Complicated skin and skin structure
Hypotension [3] AGEP [2] infections, Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream
Central Nervous System Bullous dermatitis [2] infections
Headache [3] Cyanosis [2] Class: Antibiotic, glycopeptide
Vertigo (dizziness) [2] Dapsone syndrome [44] Half-life: ~8 hours
DRESS syndrome [14] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Erythema multiforme [9]
Arthralgia [2] interactions with: atorvastatin, cyclosporine,
Erythema nodosum [5] fibrates, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors,
Back pain (3–4%) [3] Exanthems (<5%) [12]
Pain in extremities (2%) rosuvastatin, statins, tobramycin, typhoid vaccine,
Exfoliative dermatitis [10] warfarin
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Fixed eruption [5] Pregnancy category: B
Constipation (2%) Hypersensitivity [21] Important contra-indications noted in the
Diarrhea [3] Lupus erythematosus [6] prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Nausea (3%) [3] Photosensitivity [9] mothers; pediatric patients
Pigmentation [6]
Respiratory
Rash [6]
Bronchitis [2] Skin
Cough [2] AGEP [2]
Influenza (2–3%) [2] Cellulitis (<2%)
Urticaria [2]
Nasopharyngitis (6–7%) [7] Edema (<7%)
Upper respiratory tract infection [5] Nails Fungal dermatitis (3%)
Beau’s lines (transverse nail bands) [3] Hyperhidrosis (5%)
Endocrine/Metabolic
Dehydration [2] Central Nervous System Pruritus (3–6%)
Diabetic ketoacidosis [2] Headache (4%) [2] Rash (4%)
Hypoglycemia (>10%) [14] Insomnia [2] Cardiovascular
Hypovolemia [2] Peripheral neuropathy [2] Chest pain (7%)
Genitourinary Neuromuscular/Skeletal Hypertension (6%)
Balanitis [2] Asthenia (fatigue) [2] Hypotension (2%)
Genital mycotic infections (particularly in Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Central Nervous System
women) (3–8%) [32] Hepatitis [3] Fever (2%)
Pollakiuria [2] Hepatotoxicity [2] Headache (5%)
Urinary frequency (3–4%) Pancreatitis [2] Insomnia (9%)
Urinary tract infection (4–6%) [36] Peripheral neuropathy [2]
Vulvovaginal candidiasis [2] Respiratory
Cough (2%) Vertigo (dizziness) (2%)
Renal Eosinophilic pneumonia [2] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Nephrotoxicity [2] Nasopharyngitis (5%) Back pain (<2%)
Renal failure [2] Pharyngitis (2%) Myalgia/Myopathy [8]
Hematologic Sinusitis (2%) Rhabdomyolysis [8]
Dyslipidemia (2–3%) Upper respiratory tract infection (3%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Other Hematologic Abdominal pain (<6%)
Adverse effects [9] Agranulocytosis [7] Constipation (6%)
Dipsia (thirst) [2] Anemia [5] Diarrhea (5%) [3]
Infection (<10%) Hemolysis [7] Hepatotoxicity [3]
Hemolytic anemia [6] Nausea (6%) [2]
Methemoglobinemia [20] Vomiting (3%)
DAPSONE Local Respiratory
Application-site erythema (13%) [2] Cough (<2%)
Trade name: Aczone (Allergan) Application-site reactions (18%) Dyspnea (2%)
Indications: Leprosy, dermatitis herpetiformis, Other Eosinophilic pneumonia [15]
acne Adverse effects [4] Pharyngolaryngeal pain (8%)
Class: Antibiotic, Antimycobacterial Death [6] Pneumonia [2]
Half-life: 10–50 hours Endocrine/Metabolic
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Creatine phosphokinase increased (7%) [7]
interactions with: atovaquone/proguanil,
chloroquine, didanosine, furazolidone, ganciclovir, Genitourinary
hydroxychloroquine, methotrexate, Urinary tract infection (2%)
pyrimethamine, rifabutin, rifampin, rifapentine, Renal
sulfonamides, trimethoprim, ursodiol Nephrotoxicity [2]
Pregnancy category: C Renal failure [2]
Important contra-indications noted in the Hematologic
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers Eosinophilia [2]
Note: A hypersensitivity reaction – termed the Neutropenia [2]
‘sulfone syndrome’ or ‘dapsone syndrome’ – may Thrombocytopenia [2]
infrequently develop during the first six weeks of
treatment. This syndrome consists of exfoliative Local
dermatitis, fever, malaise, nausea, anorexia, Injection-site reactions (6%)
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual DARUNAVIR
Other MAO inhibitors, memantine, metoclopramide,

Adverse effects [3] DARBEPOETIN ALFA nefopam, nelfinavir, nitrates (sublingual),
parasympathomimetics, paroxetine
Synonym: erythropoiesis stimulating protein hydrochloride, phenothiazines, potent CYP3A4
Trade name: Aranesp (Amgen) inhibitors, ritonavir, saquinavir, thioridazine,
DARATUMUMAB Indications: Anemia associated with renal failure tipranavir, tricyclic antidepressants, verapamil
and chemotherapy Pregnancy category: C
Trade name: Darzalex (Janssen Biotech) Class: Colony stimulating factor, Erythropoiesis-
Indications: Multiple myeloma in patients who Important contra-indications noted in the
stimulating agent (ESA), Erythropoietin prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
have received at least three prior lines of therapy Half-life: 21 hours
including a proteasome inhibitor (PI) and an pediatric patients
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Note: Contra-indicated in patients with, or at risk
immunomodulatory agent or who are double- interactions with: none known
refractory to a PI and an immunomodulatory for, urinary retention, gastric retention or
Pregnancy category: C uncontrolled narrow-angle glaucoma.
agent Important contra-indications noted in the
Class: Monoclonal antibody prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Half-life: 18 days pediatric patients Mucosal
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Note: There is an increased risk of death for Xerostomia (20%) [12]
interactions with: none known patients suffering from chronic renal failure with Central Nervous System
Pregnancy category: N/A (No data available) this drug (6%). Headache [2]
Important contra-indications noted in the Warning: ERYTHROPOIESIS-STIMULATING
prescribing guidelines for: pediatric patients Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
AGENTS (ESAs) INCREASE THE RISK OF Abdominal pain (2%)
DEATH, MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION, Constipation [3]
Skin STROKE, VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM,
Herpes zoster (3%) THROMBOSIS OF VASCULAR ACCESS AND
TUMOR PROGRESSION OR RECURRENCE
Mucosal
Nasal congestion (17%)
DARUNAVIR
Cardiovascular Skin Trade names: Prezcobix (Janssen), Prezista
Chest pain (12%) Edema (21%) (Janssen)
Hypertension (10%) Peripheral edema (11%) Indications: HIV infection (must be co-
Pruritus (8%) administered with ritonavir and with other
Central Nervous System Rash (7%) [2]
Chills (10%) antiretroviral agents)
Cytokine release syndrome [2] Central Nervous System Class: Antiretroviral, HIV-1 protease inhibitor
Fever (21%) [3] Fever (9–19%) Half-life: 15 hours
Headache (12%) Vertigo (dizziness) (8–14%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Neuromuscular/Skeletal interactions with: abacavir, alfuzosin,
Neuromuscular/Skeletal almotriptan, alosetron, alprazolam, amiodarone,
Arthralgia (17%) Arthralgia (11–13%)
Asthenia (fatigue) (9–33%) antifungals, apixaban, artemether/lumefantrine,
Asthenia (fatigue) (39%) [4] astemizole, atorvastatin, bortezomib,
Back pain (23%) Back pain (8%)
Myalgia/Myopathy (21%) brinzolamide, calcium channel blockers, captopril,
Pain in extremities (15%) carbamazepine, ciclesonide, cisapride,
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Gastrointestinal/Hepatic clarithromycin, colchicine, conivaptan,
Constipation (15%) Abdominal pain (12%) cyclosporine, CYP2D6 substrates, CYP3A4
Diarrhea (16%) Respiratory inhibitors, inducers and substrates, dabigatran,
Nausea (27%) Cough (10%) dasatinib, deferasirox, delavirdine, didanosine,
Vomiting (14%) Flu-like syndrome (6%) dienogest, digoxin, dihydroergotamine,
Upper respiratory tract infection (14%) dronedarone, duloxetine, dutasteride, efavirenz,
Respiratory
elbasvir & grazoprevir, enfuvirtide, eplerenone,
Bronchospasm (<2%) [3] Hematologic
ergotamine, estrogens, etravirine, everolimus,
Cough (21%) [3] Thrombosis [2]
fentanyl, fesoterodine, food, fusidic acid,
Dyspnea (15%) [2] Local glecaprevir & pibrentasvir, guanfacine,
Hypoxia (<2%) Injection-site pain (7%) halofantrine, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors,
Nasopharyngitis (15%)
Other indinavir, inhaled corticosteroids, ixabepilone,
Pneumonia (11%) [2]
Adverse effects [4] ketoconazole, lidocaine, lopinavir, lovastatin,
Rhinitis (>5%)
maraviroc, meperidine, methadone,
Upper respiratory tract infection (20%) [2]
methylprednisolone, midazolam, mifepristone,
Endocrine/Metabolic mometasone, nefazodone, nilotinib, nisoldipine,
Appetite decreased (15%) DARIFENACIN olaparib, P-glycoprotein substrates, paricalcitol,
Hematologic paroxetine hydrochloride, pazopanib,
Trade names: Emselex (Novartis), Enablex
Anemia (45%) [7] phenobarbital, phenytoin, pimecrolimus,
(Novartis)
Lymphopenia (72%) pimozide, prasugrel, pravastatin, protease
Indications: Overactive bladder
Neutropenia (60%) [4] inhibitors, quetiapine, quinidine, quinine,
Class: Anticholinergic, Antimuscarinic, Muscarinic
Thrombocytopenia (48%) [7] ranolazine, rifabutin, rifampin, rilpivirine,
antagonist
rivaroxaban, romidepsin, rosuvastatin, salmeterol,
Local Half-life: 13–19 hours
saquinavir, saxagliptin, sertraline, sildenafil,
Infusion-related reactions (48%) [9] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
silodosin, simeprevir, simvastatin, sirolimus,
interactions with: anticholinergics,
sorafenib, St John’s wort, tacrolimus, tadalafil,
antihistamines, atazanavir, clozapine,
tamsulosin, telaprevir, temsirolimus, tenofovir
cyclosporine, digoxin, disopyramide,
disoproxil, terfenadine, theophylline, tolvaptan,
domperidone, erythromycin, flecainide,
fosamprenavir, haloperidol, imipramine, indinavir,
itraconazole, ketoconazole, levodopa, lopinavir,
DARUNAVIR See all our books at www.crcpress.com
topotecan, trazodone, triazolam, tricyclic estradiol-containing medications, gemfibrozil, Pregnancy category: D

antidepressants, vardenafil, voriconazole, lovastatin, lurasidone, methylergonovine, Important contra-indications noted in the
warfarin, zidovudine midazolam, midostaurin, neratinib, phenobarbital, prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Pregnancy category: C phenytoin, pimozide, ranolazine, rifampin, pediatric patients
Important contra-indications noted in the sildenafil, simvastatin, St John’s wort, triazolam
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Pregnancy category: N/A (Insufficient evidence Skin
pediatric patients to inform drug-associated risk; contra-indicated in Acneform eruption (<10%) [2]
Note: Darunavir is a sulfonamide and can be pregnancy when given with ribavirin) Dermatitis (<10%)
absorbed systemically. Sulfonamides can produce Important contra-indications noted in the Eczema (<10%)
severe, possibly fatal, reactions such as toxic prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Edema (13–18%) [6]
epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson pediatric patients Erythema [2]
syndrome. Note: Contra-indicated in patients with Flushing (<10%)
Prezcobix is darunavir and cobicistat. moderate to severe hepatic impairment. See also Herpes (<10%)
separate entries for Ombitasvir/Paritaprevir/ Hyperhidrosis (<10%)
Skin Ritonavir (co-packaged with Dasabuvir as Viekira Panniculitis [4]
Angioedema (<2%) Pak) and Ribavirin. Peripheral edema [3]
Hypersensitivity (<2%) [2] Pruritus (<10%) [4]
Pruritus (<2%) Skin Rash (11–21%) [10]
Rash (6–10%) [9] Pruritus (7%) [4] Toxicity [8]
Stevens-Johnson syndrome (<2%) Rash (7%) Urticaria (<10%)
Urticaria (<2%) Central Nervous System Xerosis (<10%)
Central Nervous System Headache [2] Hair
Abnormal dreams (<2%) Insomnia (5%) [4] Alopecia (<10%) [3]
Anorexia (2%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal Hair pigmentation [2]
Headache (7%) [6] Asthenia (fatigue) (4%) [7] Mucosal
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Mucositis (16%)
Asthenia (fatigue) (2–3%) Hepatotoxicity [2] Cardiovascular
Osteonecrosis (<2%) Nausea (8%) [2] Arrhythmias (<10%)
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Endocrine/Metabolic Cardiac failure (3%)
Abdominal distension (2%) ALT increased [3] Congestive heart failure (2%)
Abdominal pain (6%) AST increased [2] Hypertension (<10%)
Diarrhea (9–14%) [10] Hyperbilirubinemia (2%) [4] Palpitation (<10%)
Dyspepsia (<3%) Pericardial effusion (2–3%) [6]
Flatulence (<2%) QT prolongation [4]
Gastrointestinal disorder [3] Tachycardia (<10%)
Hepatotoxicity (<2%) [6] DASATINIB Central Nervous System
Nausea (4–7%) [6] Anorexia (<10%) [6]
Pancreatitis (<2%) Trade name: Sprycel (Bristol-Myers Squibb)
Indications: Leukemia (chronic myeloid), acute Anxiety [2]
Vomiting (2–5%) Depression (<10%)
lymphoblastic leukemia
Endocrine/Metabolic Class: Antineoplastic, Biologic, Tyrosine kinase Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (<10%)
Diabetes mellitus (new onset or exacebated) inhibitor Fever (5–39%)
(2%) Half-life: 3–5 hours Headache (12–33%) [10]
Other Clinically important, potentially hazardous Insomnia (<10%)
Adverse effects [6] interactions with: abciximab, alfentanil, Neurotoxicity (13%)
alfuzosin, ambrisentan, antacids, anticoagulants, Pain (26%) [2]
antiplatelet agents, aprepitant, argatroban, Peripheral neuropathy (<10%)
Somnolence (drowsiness) (<10%)
DASABUVIR/ artemether/lumefantrine, astemizole, atazanavir,
atorvastatin, boceprevir, cabazitaxel, Subdural hemorrhage [4]
Vertigo (dizziness) (<10%)
OMBITASVIR/PARITA- carbamazepine, chloroquine, ciclesonide,
cilostazol, cinacalcet, ciprofloxacin, cisapride, Neuromuscular/Skeletal
PREVIR/RITONAVIR clarithromycin, clopidogrel, clozapine, colchicine, Arthralgia (<19%)
conivaptan, cyclosporine, CYP3A4 inhibitors, Asthenia (fatigue) (8%) [15]
Trade name: Viekira XR (AbbVie) inducers and substrates, dabigatran, darunavir, Bone or joint pain (12–19%) [3]
Indications: Genotype 1a chronic hepatitis C deferasirox, dexamethasone, dihydroergotamine, Myalgia/Myopathy (6–13%) [2]
virus with or without cirrhosis, genotype 1b docetaxel, dronedarone, efavirenz, eptifibatide, Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
chronic hepatitis C virus with or without cirrhosis ergotamine, erythromycin, eszopiclone, Abdominal distension (<10%)
in combination with ribavirin famotidine, fentanyl, fesoterodine, gadobutrol, Abdominal pain (<25%) [2]
Class: CYP3A4 inhibitor (ritonavir), Direct-acting gefitinib, H2 antagonists, indinavir, itraconazole, Colitis (<10%) [3]
antiviral, Hepatitis C virus non-nucleoside NS5B ixabepilone, ketoconazole, lopinavir, lurasidone, Constipation (<10%)
palm polymerase inhibitor (dasabuvir), Hepatitis maraviroc, meloxicam, nefazodone, nelfinavir, Diarrhea (18–31%) [19]
C virus NS3/4A protease inhibitor (paritaprevir), nilotinib, omeprazole, pantoprazole, Dyspepsia (<10%)
Hepatitis C virus NS5A inhibitor (ombitasvir) phenobarbital, phenytoin, pimozide, proton Enterocolitis (<10%)
Half-life: 6 hours (dasabuvir); 21–25 hours pump inhibitors, QT prolonging agents, quinidine, Gastritis (<10%)
(ombitasvir); 6 hours (paritaprevir); 4 hours quinine, rifampin, ritonavir, saquinavir, saxagliptin, Gastrointestinal bleeding (2–8%) [3]
(ritonavir) sildenafil, simvastatin, sirolimus, St John’s wort, Hemorrhagic colitis [2]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous tacrolimus, tadalafil, temsirolimus, terfenadine, Hepatitis [2]
interactions with: alfuzosin, carbamazepine, tetrabenazine, thioridazine, tiagabine, tinzaparin, Hepatotoxicity [2]
cisapride, copanlisib, dihydroergotamine, vardenafil, ziprasidone Nausea (9–23%) [11]
dronedarone, efavirenz, ergotamine, ethinyl
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual DECITABINE
Vomiting (7–15%) [6] Pigmentation [3] Sinusitis (8%)

Respiratory Pruritus (7%) Endocrine/Metabolic
Cough (<10%) Seborrhea (<5%) Appetite increased (<5%)
Dyspnea (20%) [5] Urticaria [3] Dehydration (<5%)
Pleural effusion (12–21%) [40] Xerosis (<5%)
Genitourinary
Pneumonia (<10%) [4] Hair Dysuria (<5%)
Pneumonitis (<10%) Alopecia (8%) [4] Nocturia (<5%)
Pulmonary hypertension (<10%) [16] Nails Polyuria (<5%)
Pulmonary toxicity [3] Nail pigmentation [5]
Upper respiratory tract infection (<10%) Hematologic
Mucosal Neutropenia (15–36%)
Endocrine/Metabolic Gingival bleeding (<5%) Splenomegaly (<5%)
Weight gain (<10%) Oral lesions [2]
Weight loss (<10%) Otic
Sialorrhea (<5%) Ear pain (<5%)
Renal Stomatitis (10%) Hearing loss (<5%)
Proteinuria [2] Xerostomia (<5%) Tinnitus (<5%)
Renal failure [3] Cardiovascular Ocular
Hematologic Chest pain (9–14%) Abnormal vision (5%)
Anemia [3] Hypertension (<5%) Conjunctivitis (<5%)
Bleeding (6–26%) Myocardial toxicity [5] Ocular pain (<5%)
Cytopenia [3] Palpitation (<5%)
Febrile neutropenia (<12%) Tachycardia (<5%) Local
Hemorrhage [2] Injection-site inflammation (<5%)
Central Nervous System Injection-site necrosis (<10%) [2]
Hemotoxicity [4] Amnesia (<5%)
Myelosuppression [10] Injection-site ulceration (<10%)
Anorexia (23%)
Neutropenia [7] Anxiety (<5%) Other
Pancytopenia (<10%) Cognitive impairment (<5%) Dipsia (thirst) (<5%)
Thrombocytopenia [13] Depression (10%) Hiccups (<5%)
Otic Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (<5%) Infection (40%)
Tinnitus (<10%) Gait instability (<5%) Tooth decay (<5%)
Ocular Hallucinations (<5%)
Reduced visual acuity (<10%) Headache (25%)
Vision blurred (<10%) Insomnia (6%) DECITABINE
Visual disturbances (<10%) Meningococcal infection (<5%)
Xerophthalmia (<10%) Neurotoxicity (13%) Synonym: 5-aza-2’-deoxycytidine
Rigors (19%) Trade name: Dacogen (MGI Pharma)
Other Seizures (<5%) Indications: Myelodysplastic syndromes,
Adverse effects [4] Somnolence (drowsiness) (<5%) leukemia
Death [2] Syncope (<5%) Class: Antineoplastic
Infection (<14%) [2] Tremor (<5%) Half-life: ~30 minutes
Side effects [2] Vertigo (dizziness) (8%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Neuromuscular/Skeletal interactions with: none known
Arthralgia (7%) Pregnancy category: D
DAUNORUBICIN Asthenia (fatigue) (10%) Important contra-indications noted in the
Ataxia (<5%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Synonyms: daunomycin; DNR; rubidomycin Back pain (16%) pediatric patients
Trade name: DaunoXome (Gilead) Hyperkinesia (<5%)
Indications: Acute leukemias Hypertonia (<5%) Skin
Class: Antibiotic, anthracycline Myalgia/Myopathy (7%) Bacterial infection (5%)
Half-life: 14–20 hours; 4 hours (intramuscular) Candidiasis (10%)
Abdominal pain (23%) Cellulitis (12%)
interactions with: aldesleukin, gadobenate Ecchymoses (22%)
Pregnancy category: D Black stools (<5%)
Constipation (7%) Edema (18%)
Important contra-indications noted in the Erythema (14%)
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Diarrhea (38%)
Dysphagia (<5%) Facial edema (6%)
mothers; pediatric patients Hematoma (5%)
Warning: MYOCARDIAL TOXICITY / Gastritis (<5%)
Gastrointestinal bleeding (<5%) Lymphadenopathy (12%)
MYELOSUPPRESSION Pallor (23%)
Hemorrhoids (<5%)
Hepatomegaly (<5%) Peripheral edema (25%)
Skin Nausea (54%) Petechiae (39%)
Angioedema [4] Tenesmus (5%) Pruritus (11%)
Dermatitis [2] Vomiting (23%) Rash (19%) [2]
Edema (11%) Urticaria (6%)
Exanthems [2] Respiratory
Cough (28%) Mucosal
Flushing (14%) Gingival bleeding (8%)
Folliculitis (<5%) Dyspnea (26%)
Flu-like syndrome (5%) Glossodynia (5%)
Hot flashes (<5%) Lip ulceration (5%)
Hyperhidrosis (14%) Hemoptysis (<5%)
PIE syndrome (<5%) Mucositis [2]
Lymphadenopathy (<5%) Oral candidiasis (6%)
Neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis [2] Rhinitis (12%)
DECITABINE Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Stomatitis (12%) Thrombocytopenia (89%) [9] Appetite decreased [2]

Tongue ulceration (7%) Ocular AST increased [4]
Cardiovascular Vision blurred (6%) Serum creatinine increased [23]
Chest pain (7%) Local Renal
Hypotension (6%) Injection-site edema (5%) Fanconi syndrome [10]
Pulmonary edema (6%) Injection-site erythema (5%) Nephrotoxicity [7]
QT prolongation [2] Proteinuria [4]
Other Renal failure [3]
Central Nervous System Adverse effects [2]
Anorexia (16%) [2] Renal function abnormal [2]
Anxiety (11%) Death [2] Other
Confusion (12%) Infection [3] Adverse effects [15]
Fever (53%) [2]
Headache (28%)
Hypoesthesia (11%)
Insomnia (28%) DEFERASIROX DEFERIPRONE
Pain (13%) Trade name: Ferriprox (ApoPharma)
Rigors (22%) Trade names: Exjade (Novartis), Jadenu
(Novartis) Indications: Treatment of patients with
Vertigo (dizziness) (18%) transfusional iron overload due to thalassemia
Indications: Chronic iron overload due to blood
Neuromuscular/Skeletal transfusions and in non-transfuson dependent syndromes when current chelation therapy is
Arthralgia (20%) thalassemia syndromes inadequate
Asthenia (fatigue) (5–12%) [7] Class: Chelator, iron Class: Chelator, iron
Back pain (17%) Half-life: 8–16 hours Half-life: 1.9 hours
Bone or joint pain (6–19%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Myalgia/Myopathy (5%) interactions with: alfuzosin, aluminum- interactions with: antacids containing iron,
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic containing antacids, ambrisentan, aprepitant, aluminum, zinc, diclofenac, mineral supplements,
Abdominal distension (5%) cabazitaxel, cholestyramine, cilostazol, probenecid
Abdominal pain (14%) colesevelam, colestipol, conivaptan, dabigatran, Pregnancy category: D
Ascites (10%) darunavir, dasatinib, delavirdine, docetaxel, Important contra-indications noted in the
Constipation (35%) efavirenz, enalapril, estradiol, eszopiclone, prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Diarrhea (34%) [2] fesoterodine, gefitinib, indinavir, ixabepilone, mothers; pediatric patients
Dyspepsia (12%) lapatinib, lurasidone, maraviroc, pazopanib, Warning: AGRANULOCYTOSIS /
Dysphagia (6%) phenobarbital, phenytoin, pioglitazone, NEUTROPENIA
Gastroesophageal reflux (5%) repaglinide, rifampin, ritonavir, sildenafil,
Hemorrhoids (8%) telithromycin, theophylline, tiagabine, tipranavir, Central Nervous System
Hepatotoxicity [2] trimethoprim, ulipristal Headache (3%)
Loose stools (7%) Pregnancy category: C Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Nausea (42%) [8] Important contra-indications noted in the Arthralgia (10%) [8]
Vomiting (25%) [5] prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Arthropathy [5]
Respiratory mothers Back pain (2%)
Cough (40%) Warning: RENAL FAILURE, HEPATIC FAILURE, Bone or joint pain [2]
Hypoxia (10%) AND GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE Pain in extremities (2%)
Pharyngitis (16%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Pneumonia (22%) [2] Skin Abdominal pain (10%) [2]
Sinusitis (5%) Exanthems [2] Diarrhea (3%) [2]
Endocrine/Metabolic Jaundice [2] Dyspepsia (2%)
ALP increased (11%) Rash (2–11%) [24] Gastrointestinal disorder [5]
Appetite decreased (16%) Urticaria (4%) Hepatotoxicity [3]
AST increased (10%) Central Nervous System Nausea (13%) [4]
Dehydration (6%) Headache (16%) [2] Vomiting (10%)
Hyperglycemia (33%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal Endocrine/Metabolic
Hyperkalemia (13%) Arthralgia (7%) ALT increased (8%) [5]
Hypoalbuminemia (24%) Asthenia (fatigue) [3] Appetite increased (4%)
Hypokalemia (22%) Back pain (6%) AST increased [2]
Hypomagnesemia (24%) Weight gain (2%)
Hyponatremia (19%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Abdominal pain (21–28%) [12] Renal
Genitourinary Diarrhea (5–20%) [18] Chromaturia (15%)
Dysuria (6%) Gastrointestinal bleeding [3]
Urinary frequency (5%) Hematologic
Gastrointestinal disorder [3] Agranulocytosis (2%) [15]
Urinary tract infection (7%) Hepatotoxicity [9] Neutropenia [12]
Hematologic Nausea (2–6%) [20] Thrombocytopenia [2]
Anemia (82%) [5] Vomiting (10–21%) [7]
Bacteremia (5%) Other
Respiratory Adverse effects [2]
Febrile neutropenia (29%) [8] Cough (14%)
Hemotoxicity [3] Death [2]
Flu-like syndrome (11%)
Leukopenia (28%) [2] Upper respiratory tract infection (9%)
Lymphopenia [2]
Myelosuppression [11] Endocrine/Metabolic
Neutropenia (90%) [13] ALT increased [9]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual DELAFLOXACIN
Respiratory
DEFEROXAMINE Alveolar hemorrhage (pulmonary) (9%) DELAFLOXACIN
Pneumonia (5%)
Trade name: Desferal (Novartis) Pulmonary hemorrhage (4%) Trade name: Baxdela (Melinta)
Indications: Hemochromatosis, acute iron Pulmonary toxicity (6%) Indications: Acute bacterial skin and skin
overload structure infections caused by designated
Class: Chelator, iron Endocrine/Metabolic susceptible bacteria
Half-life: 6.1 hours Hyperuricemia (2%) Class: Antibiotic, fluoroquinolone
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Hematologic Half-life: 4–9 hours
interactions with: ascorbic acid, ferrous sulfate, Hemorrhage [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
zinc Sepsis (7%) interactions with: none known
Pregnancy category: C Other Pregnancy category: N/A (Insufficient evidence
Adverse effects [3] to inform drug-associated risk)
Skin Infection (3%) Important contra-indications noted in the
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [3] prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Hypersensitivity [2] mothers; pediatric patients
Note: Fluoroquinolones are associated with an
Central Nervous System DEFLAZACORT increased risk of tendinitis and tendon rupture in
Neurotoxicity [2] all ages. This risk is further increased in older
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Trade name: Emflaza (Marathon) patients usually over 60 years of age, in patients
Arthralgia [6] Indications: Duchenne muscular dystrophy taking corticosteroid drugs, and in patients with
Class: Corticosteroid kidney, heart or lung transplants.
Endocrine/Metabolic Half-life: N/A
Serum creatinine increased [2] Fluoroquinolones may exacerbate muscle
Clinically important, potentially hazardous weakness in persons with myasthenia gravis.
Otic interactions with: carbamazepine, Warning: SERIOUS ADVERSE REACTIONS
Hearing loss [2] clarithromycin, diltiazem, efavirenz, fluconazole, INCLUDING TENDINITIS, TENDON
Ototoxicity [7] grapefruit juice, live vaccines, pancuronium, RUPTURE, PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY,
Ocular phenytoin, rifampin, verapamil CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM EFFECTS, and
Night blindness [2] Pregnancy category: N/A (Should be used EXACERBATION OF MYASTHENIA GRAVIS
Retinopathy [12] during pregnancy only if the potential benefit
justifies the potential risk to the fetus)
Local Important contra-indications noted in the Skin
Injection-site inflammation (<10%) prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Dermatitis (<2%)
Injection-site pain (<10%) mothers; pediatric patients Edema (<2%)
Erythema (<2%)
Other
Flushing (<2%)
Death [3] Skin Hypersensitivity (<2%)
Cushingoid features (33%) [3] Irritation (<2%)
Erythema (8%) Pruritus (<2%)
DEFIBROTIDE Hypersensitivity [3] Rash (<2%)
Toxic epidermal necrolysis [2] Urticaria (<2%)
Trade name: Defitelio (Jazz) Hair
Indications: Hepatic veno-occlusive disease in
Mucosal
Hirsutism (10%) [2] Oral candidiasis (<2%)
patients with renal or pulmonary dysfunction
following hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation Mucosal Cardiovascular
Class: Oligonucleotide Rhinorrhea (8%) Bradycardia (<2%)
Half-life: <2 hours Central Nervous System Hypertension (<2%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Behavioral disturbances [2] Hypotension (<2%)
interactions with: alteplase, heparin Irritability (8%) Palpitation (<2%)
Pregnancy category: N/A (No data available) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Phlebitis (<2%)
Important contra-indications noted in the Abdominal pain (6%) Tachycardia (<2%)
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers Central Nervous System
Note: Contra-indicated for concomitant Respiratory
Cough (12%) Abnormal dreams (<2%)
administration with systemic anticoagulant or Anxiety (<2%)
fibrinolytic therapy. Nasopharyngitis (10%)
Upper respiratory tract infection (12%) Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (<2%)
Headache (3%) [3]
Skin Endocrine/Metabolic Hypoesthesia (<2%)
Graft-versus-host reaction (6%) Appetite increased (14%) [2] Insomnia (<2%)
Weight gain (20%) [6] Paresthesias (<2%)
Mucosal
Epistaxis (nosebleed) (14%) Genitourinary Presyncope (<2%)
Pollakiuria (12%) Syncope (<2%)
Cardiovascular Vertigo (dizziness) (<2%)
Hypotension (37%) [4] Ocular
Cataract [3] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Central Nervous System Myalgia/Myopathy (<2%)
Cerebral hemorrhage (2%) Other
Intracranial hemorrhage (3%) Adverse effects [3] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Side effects [2] Abdominal pain (<2%)
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Diarrhea (8%) [6]
Diarrhea (24%) Dyspepsia (<2%)
Gastrointestinal bleeding (9%) [3] Nausea (8%) [6]
Nausea (16%) Vomiting (2%) [2]
Vomiting (18%)
DELAFLOXACIN See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Endocrine/Metabolic Pain [2] Nausea (2%)

ALT increased (>2%) Vertigo (dizziness) (5%) Local
AST increased (>2%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal Injection-site bruising (72%) [2]
Creatine phosphokinase increased (<2%) Arthralgia [5] Injection-site edema [2]
Hyperglycemia (<2%) Asthenia (fatigue) (2%) [2] Injection-site erythema (27%)
Hyperphosphatemia (<2%) Back pain (35%) [8] Injection-site hemorrhage (<2%)
Hypoglycemia (<2%) Bone or joint pain (4–8%) [3] Injection-site induration (23%) [2]
Serum creatinine increased (<2%) Fractures [10] Injection-site nodules (13%)
Genitourinary Myalgia/Myopathy (3%) Injection-site numbness (66%) [2]
Vulvovaginal candidiasis (<2%) Osteonecrosis (jaw) [28] Injection-site pain (70%) [2]
Renal Pain in extremities (12%) [6] Injection-site pigmentation (<2%)
Nephrotoxicity (<2%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Injection-site pruritus (12%)
Renal failure (<2%) Abdominal pain (3%) Injection-site urticaria (<2%)
Hematologic Flatulence (2%) Other
Thrombosis (<2%) Gastroesophageal reflux (2%) Adverse effects [2]
Pancreatitis [2]
Otic
Tinnitus (<2%) Respiratory
Ocular
Nasopharyngitis [2] DESLORATADINE
Pharyngitis (2%)
Vision blurred (<2%) Pneumonia (4%) Trade name: Clarinex (Schering)
Local Upper respiratory tract infection (5%) Indications: Allergic rhinitis, urticaria
Injection-site bruising (<2%) Endocrine/Metabolic Class: Histamine H1 receptor antagonist
Injection-site extravasation (<2%) Hypercalcemia [3] Half-life: 27 hours
Hypercholesterolemia (7%) [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Other
Hypocalcemia (2%) [35] interactions with: none known
Adverse effects [2]
Hypophosphatemia [4] Pregnancy category: C
Infection (<2%)
Genitourinary prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Cystitis (6%) pediatric patients
DENOSUMAB Hematologic
Anemia (3%) [2] Skin
Trade names: Prolia (Amgen), Xgeva (Amgen)
Other Urticaria [2]
Indications: Osteoporosis (postmenopausal
women), prevention of skeletal-related events in Adverse effects [11] Mucosal
patients with bone metastases from solid tumors Death [2] Xerostomia [5]
Class: Bone resorption inhibitor, Monoclonal Infection [14]
antibody, RANK ligand (RANKL) inhibitor Headache [7]
Half-life: 25–28 days Somnolence (drowsiness) [7]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous DEOXYCHOLIC ACID Neuromuscular/Skeletal
interactions with: abatacept, alcohol,
azacitidine, betamethasone, cabazitaxel, Trade name: Kybella (Kythera) Asthenia (fatigue) [7]
denileukin, docetaxel, fingolimod, gefitinib, Indications: Improvement in the appearance of Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
immuosuppressants, leflunomide, lenalidomide, moderate to severe convexity or fullness Diarrhea [2]
oxaliplatin, pazopanib, temsirolimus, associated with submental fat Nausea [2]
triamcinolone Class: Cytolytic Other
Pregnancy category: X Half-life: N/A Adverse effects [6]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; interactions with: none known
pediatric patients Pregnancy category: N/A
Note: Contra-indicated in patients with Important contra-indications noted in the DESMOPRESSIN
hypocalcemia. prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; pediatric
patients Trade names: DDAVP (Sanofi-Aventis), Minirin
Note: Contra-indicated in the presence of (Ferring), Noctiva (Serenity), Stimate (CSL
Skin Behring)
Cellulitis [9] infection at the injection sites.
Indications: Primary nocturnal enuresis, nocturia
Dermatitis [2] due to nocturnal polyuria (Noctiva)
Eczema [10] Skin Class: Antidiuretic hormone analog
Herpes zoster (2%) Lymphadenopathy (<2%) Half-life: 75 minutes
Hypersensitivity [3] Mucosal Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Malignancies [2] Oropharyngeal pain (3%) interactions with: amitriptyline, citalopram,
Peripheral edema (5%) demeclocycline, hydromorphone, meloxicam,
Pruritus (2%) Cardiovascular
Hypertension (3%) tapentadol
Rash (3%) [4] Pregnancy category: B
Cardiovascular Central Nervous System Important contra-indications noted in the
Angina (3%) Headache (8%) prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Atrial fibrillation (2%) Syncope (<2%) mothers; pediatric patients
Cardiotoxicity [2] Neuromuscular/Skeletal Warning: Noctiva: HYPONATREMIA
Central Nervous System Neck pain (<2%)
Headache [3] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Skin
Insomnia (3%) Dysphagia (2%) Flushing (<10%)
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual DEXAMETHASONE
Cardiovascular Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Myocardial infarction [2] Constipation (9–14%) DEXAMETHASONE
Central Nervous System Diarrhea (5–11%)
Nausea (22–41%) [6] Trade names: Decadron (Merck), Dexone
Headache [7] (Solvay), Ozurdex (Allergan)
Seizures [5] Vomiting (3–9%)
Indications: Antiemetic, arthralgias, dermatoses,
Endocrine/Metabolic Endocrine/Metabolic diagnostic aid, macular edema following branch
Hyponatremia [13] Appetite decreased (5–10%) retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) or central retinal
SIADH [2] Libido decreased (3–6%) vein occlusion (CRVO), non-infectious uveitis
Weight gain (<2%) affecting the posterior segment of the eye
Local Weight loss (<2%)
Injection-site pain (<10%) Class: Antiemetic, Corticosteroid, systemic,
Genitourinary Corticosteroid, topical
Ejaculatory dysfunction (<5%) Half-life: N/A
Erectile dysfunction (3–11%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
DESVENLAFAXINE Sexual dysfunction (<2%) interactions with: albendazole,
Otic aminoglutethimide, amprenavir, aprepitant,
Trade name: Pristiq (Wyeth) aspirin, bexarotene, boceprevir, carbamazepine,
Indications: Major depressive disorder Tinnitus (<2%)
caspofungin, cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/
Class: Antidepressant, Serotonin-norepinephrine Ocular tenofovir alafenamide, cobicistat/elvitegravir/
reuptake inhibitor Mydriasis (2–6%) emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil,
Half-life: 11 hours Vision blurred (3–4%) cyclophosphamide, dasatinib, delavirdine,
Clinically important, potentially hazardous diuretics, ephedrine, imatinib, itraconazole,
interactions with: alcohol, aspirin, CNS-active ixabepilone, lapatinib, lenalidomide, live vaccines,
agents, heparin, ketoconazole, linezolid, lithium,
MAO inhibitors, NSAIDs, sibutramine, tramadol,
DEUTETRABENAZINE lopinavir, methotrexate, midazolam,
phenobarbital, phenytoin, praziquantel,
venlafaxine, warfarin Trade name: Austedo (Teva) primidone, rifampin, rilpivirine, romidepsin,
Pregnancy category: C Indications: Chorea associated with simeprevir, sorafenib, sunitinib, telaprevir,
Important contra-indications noted in the Huntington’s disease temsirolimus, ticagrelor, vandetanib, warfarin
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Class: Vesicular monoamine transporter 2 Pregnancy category: C
mothers; pediatric patients inhibitor Important contra-indications noted in the
Warning: SUICIDAL THOUGHTS AND Half-life: 9–10 hours prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
BEHAVIORS Clinically important, potentially hazardous pediatric patients
interactions with: alcohol or other sedating
Skin drugs, bupropion, dopamine antagonists or Skin
Hot flashes (<2%) antipsychotics, fluoxetine, MAO inhibitors, Acneform eruption [6]
Hyperhidrosis (10–21%) paroxetine hydrochloride, quinidine, strong AGEP [2]
Hypersensitivity (2%) CYP2D6 inhibitors, tetrabenazine Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [3]
Rash (<2%) Pregnancy category: N/A (Based on animal Dermatitis [5]
Mucosal data, may cause fetal harm) Edema [4]
Epistaxis (nosebleed) (<2%) Important contra-indications noted in the Erythema multiforme [3]
Xerostomia (11–25%) [3] prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Exanthems [4]
mothers; pediatric patients Flushing [5]
Cardiovascular Note: Contra-indicated in suicidal or untreated/
Hypertension (<2%) Herpes zoster [2]
inadequately treated depression, in hepatic Hyperhidrosis [2]
Hypotension (~2%) impairment. or in patients taking MAO inhibitors,
Orthostatic hypotension (<2%) Hypersensitivity [6]
reserpine or tetrabenazine. Peripheral edema [8]
Palpitation (<3%) Warning: DEPRESSION AND SUICIDALITY
Tachycardia (<2%) Pigmentation [2]
Pruritus [7]
Central Nervous System Skin Pruritus ani et vulvae [2]
Abnormal dreams (2–4%) Hematoma (4%) Rash [11]
Anorexia (5–8%) [2] Striae [4]
Anorgasmia (3–8%) Mucosal
Xerostomia (9%) Toxicity [5]
Anxiety (3–5%) Tumor lysis syndrome [3]
Chills (<4%) Central Nervous System Xerosis [2]
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (<2%) Anxiety (4%) [2]
Extrapyramidal symptoms (<2%) Depression [3] Mucosal
Headache (20–29%) [3] Insomnia (7%) [3] Oral candidiasis [2]
Impaired concentration (<2%) Somnolence (drowsiness) (11%) [6] Cardiovascular
Insomnia (9–12%) [3] Vertigo (dizziness) (4%) Bradycardia [9]
Irritability (2%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal Cardiac failure [2]
Nervousness (<2%) [2] Asthenia (fatigue) (9%) [3] Cardiotoxicity [2]
Paresthesias (<3%) Hypertension [18]
Seizures (~2%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Myocardial toxicity [11]
Somnolence (drowsiness) (4–12%) [4] Constipation (4%) Tachycardia [2]
Suicidal ideation [2] Diarrhea (9%) [2] Thromboembolism [3]
Syncope (<2%) Respiratory Venous thromboembolism [5]
Tremor (~3%) Nasopharyngitis [2] Central Nervous System
Vertigo (dizziness) (10–16%) [5] Genitourinary Anorexia [2]
Yawning (<4%) Urinary tract infection (7%) Catatonia [2]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Dysgeusia (taste perversion) [3]
Asthenia (fatigue) (7–11%) [2] Fever [7]
DEXAMETHASONE Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Headache (<5%) [8] Vision blurred [3]

Insomnia [9] Local
DEXMETHYL-
Neurotoxicity [11]
Infusion-related reactions [2] PHENIDATE
Infusion-site reactions [2]
Paresthesias [2]
Other Trade name: Focalin (Novartis)
Peripheral neuropathy [27]
Adverse effects [20] Indications: Attention deficit disorder
Allergic reactions [2] Class: CNS stimulant
Death [11] Half-life: 2–4.5 hours
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Hiccups [18] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Arthralgia [5] Infection [30] interactions with: amitriptyline, clonidine,
Asthenia (fatigue) [43] Side effects [3] linezolid, MAO inhibitors, pantoprazole
Back pain [5] Pregnancy category: C
Bone or joint pain [4] Important contra-indications noted in the
Muscle spasm [5] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Myalgia/Myopathy [6] DEXLANSOPRAZOLE pediatric patients
Osteonecrosis [15] Note: Contra-indicated in patients with marked
Osteoporosis [3] Trade name: Dexilant (Takeda)
anxiety, tension and agitation, with glaucoma, or
Indications: Erosive esophagitis, heartburn
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic with motor tics or history/diagnosis of Tourette’s
associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease
Abdominal distension [2] syndrome.
Class: Proton pump inhibitor (PPI)
Abdominal pain [5] Half-life: <2 hours
Constipation [11] Clinically important, potentially hazardous Central Nervous System
Diarrhea [20] interactions with: atazanavir, clopidogrel, Fever (5%)
Dyspepsia [3] digoxin, emtricitabine/rilpivirine/tenofovir Headache [4]
Gastroesophageal reflux [2] alafenamide, ketoconazole, tacrolimus, warfarin Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Gastrointestinal disorder [3] Pregnancy category: B Abdominal pain (15%) [2]
Hepatotoxicity [4] Important contra-indications noted in the
Nausea [12] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers
Endocrine/Metabolic
Pancreatitis [2] Appetite decreased [2]
Vomiting [7]
Skin
Respiratory Acneform eruption (<2%)
Cough [4] Dermatitis (<2%) DEXTRO-
Dyspnea [5]
Pneumonia [14]
Erythema (<2%)
Hot flashes (<2%)
AMPHETAMINE
Pneumonitis [2] Lesions (<2%)
Upper respiratory tract infection [3] Trade names: Adderall (Shire), Dexedrine
Lymphadenopathy (<2%) (Alliant), Mydayis (Shire)
Endocrine/Metabolic Pruritus (<2%) Indications: Narcolepsy, attention deficit
ALT increased [2] Rash (<2%) disorder (ADD)
AST increased [2] Urticaria (<2%) Class: Amphetamine, CNS stimulant
Cushing’s syndrome [2] Mucosal Half-life: 10–12 hours
Dehydration [3] Mucosal inflammation (<2%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Hyperglycemia [8] Oral candidiasis (<2%) interactions with: fluoxetine, fluvoxamine,
Hypokalemia [5] Xerostomia (<2%) MAO inhibitors, paroxetine hydrochloride,
Hypophosphatemia [4] phenelzine, sertraline, tranylcypromine
Serum creatinine increased [2] Cardiovascular
Cardiac disorder (<2%) Pregnancy category: C
Renal Important contra-indications noted in the
Nephrotoxicity [2] Central Nervous System prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Renal failure [2] Headache [2] pediatric patients
Hematologic Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Warning: ABUSE AND DEPENDENCE
Anemia [39] Abdominal pain (4%) [4]
Febrile neutropenia [7] Constipation [2] Skin
Hemoglobin decreased [2] Diarrhea (5%) [4] Diaphoresis (<10%)
Hemotoxicity [8] Flatulence (<3%) [3]
Gastrointestinal disorder (<2%) Mucosal
Leukopenia [11] Xerostomia (<10%)
Lymphopenia [11] Nausea (3%) [4]
Myelosuppression [5] Vomiting (<2%) [2] Central Nervous System
Neutropenia [51] Respiratory Insomnia [2]
Sepsis [3] Upper respiratory tract infection (2–3%) [3] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Thrombocytopenia [53] Hematologic Rhabdomyolysis [10]
Thrombosis [2] Anemia (<2%)
Otic Otic
Ototoxicity [4] Ear pain (<2%)
Ocular Tinnitus (<2%)
Cataract (<10%) [9] Ocular
Conjunctival hemorrhage (>10%) Ocular edema (<2%)
Glaucoma [9] Ocular pruritus (<2%)
Intraocular pressure increased (>10%) [13]
Ocular hypertension (<10%) [6] Other
Ocular pain (<10%) [6] Adverse effects [2]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual DICLOFENAC
Mucosal Warning: RISK OF SERIOUS

DEXTRO- Xerostomia (>10%) CARDIOVASCULAR AND
GASTROINTESTINAL EVENTS
METHORPHAN Central Nervous System
Amnesia [17]
Trade names: Robitussin (Wyeth), Vicks Formula Hallucinations [2] Skin
44 (Procter & Gamble) Sedation [3] Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis (<3%)
Indications: Nonproductive cough Somnolence (drowsiness) [6] [16]
Class: Analgesic, narcotic, NMDA receptor Vertigo (dizziness) [2] Angioedema (<3%) [2]
antagonist Neuromuscular/Skeletal Bullous dermatitis (<3%) [2]
Half-life: N/A Ataxia [2] Dermatitis (<3%) [10]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Dermatitis herpetiformis [2]
interactions with: amiodarone, citalopram, Endocrine/Metabolic Eczema (<3%)
iloperidone, linezolid, lorcaserin, memantine, Gynecomastia [4] Erythema [4]
moclobemide, phenelzine, rasagiline, safinamide, Porphyria [2] Erythema multiforme [6]
sibutramine, tranylcypromine, valdecoxib Local Exanthems (<5%) [6]
Pregnancy category: C Injection-site pain [2] Fixed eruption [4]
Important contra-indications noted in the Injection-site phlebitis (>10%) [2] Hypersensitivity [5]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Linear IgA bullous dermatosis [6]
Other
pediatric patients Nicolau syndrome [16]
Adverse effects [3]
Photosensitivity (<3%) [4]
Pruritus (<10%) [6]
Skin
Purpura (<3%) [2]
Purpura fulminans [2]
Fixed eruption [2] DICLOFENAC Rash (>10%) [4]
Central Nervous System Stevens-Johnson syndrome [7]
Headache [2] Trade names: Arthrotec (Pfizer), Cataflam Toxic epidermal necrolysis [5]
Serotonin syndrome [4] (Novartis), Dicolmax (Galen), Motifene (Daiichi Urticaria (<3%) [7]
Vertigo (dizziness) [3] Sankyo), Pennsaid (Mallinckrodt), Solaraze Gel Vasculitis [3]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic (Nycomed), Voltaren (Novartis), Voltarol Xerosis [3]
Diarrhea [4] (Novartis), Zipsor (Depomed)
Indications: Rheumatoid and osteoarthritis,
Hair
Genitourinary Alopecia (<3%)
topical treatment of actinic keratosis,
Urinary tract infection [2] postoperative inflammation in patients who have Mucosal
Other undergone cataract extraction and for the Tongue edema (<3%)
Adverse effects [2] temporary relief of pain and photophobia in Xerostomia (<3%) [2]
patients undergoing corneal refractive surgery Cardiovascular
Class: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID) Atrial fibrillation [2]
DIAZEPAM Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Cardiotoxicity [2]
interactions with: ACE inhibitors, adrenergic
Trade names: Diastat (Xcel), Valium (Roche) Central Nervous System
neurone blockers, aldosterone antagonists,
Indications: Anxiety Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (<3%)
aliskiren, alpha blockers, angiotensin II receptor
Class: Benzodiazepine, Skeletal muscle relaxant Headache [2]
antagonists, anticoagulants, aspirin, baclofen, beta
Half-life: 20–70 hours Stroke [3]
blockers, calcium channel blockers, cardiac
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Vertigo (dizziness) [4]
glycosides, clonidine, clopidogrel, corticosteroids,
interactions with: alcohol, amprenavir,
coumarins, cyclosporine, dabigatran, deferiprone, Neuromuscular/Skeletal
barbiturates, buprenorphine, chlorpheniramine,
diazoxide, diuretics, enoxaparin, erlotinib, Rhabdomyolysis [3]
clarithromycin, CNS depressants, cobicistat/
furosemide, heparins, hydralazine, iloprost, Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide,
ketorolac, lithium, methotrexate, methyldopa, Abdominal pain [8]
cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir
mifamurtide, minoxidil, moxonidine, nitrates, Constipation [3]
disoproxil, efavirenz, esomeprazole, eucalyptus,
nitroprusside, penicillamine, pentoxifylline, Diarrhea [4]
fluoroquinolones, imatinib, indinavir, itraconazole,
phenindione, potassium canrenoate, prasugrel, Dyspepsia [7]
ivermectin, macrolide antibiotics, MAO inhibitors,
rifampin, ritonavir, rivaroxaban, SSRIs, Flatulence [2]
methadone, mianserin, nalbuphine, narcotics,
sulfonylureas, tacrolimus, thiazides, tinzaparin, Gastritis [3]
nelfinavir, nilutamide, olanzapine, omeprazole,
venlafaxine, voriconazole, warfarin, zidovudine Gastrointestinal bleeding [6]
phenothiazines, propranolol, ritonavir, SSRIs,
Pregnancy category: D (category B for topical Gastrointestinal ulceration [4]
voriconazole
use; category C for oral and ophthalmic use; Hepatotoxicity [10]
category D in third trimester.) Nausea [9]
Important contra-indications noted in the Vomiting [4]
pediatric patients Renal
Skin Note: NSAIDs may cause an increased risk of Nephrotoxicity [4]
Dermatitis (<10%) [3] serious cardiovascular and gastrointestinal Renal failure [2]
Diaphoresis (>10%) adverse events, which can be fatal. This risk may Hematologic
Exanthems [6] increase with duration of use. Agranulocytosis [3]
Exfoliative dermatitis [2] Contra-indicated in patients who have Bleeding [2]
Fixed eruption [2] experienced asthma, urticaria, or allergic-type
Pigmentation [2]
Local
reactions after taking aspirin or other NSAIDs. Application-site reactions [3]
Purpura [4] Severe, rarely fatal, anaphylactic-like reactions to
Rash (>10%) [2] NSAIDs have been reported in such patients. Other
Arthrotec is diclofenac and misoprostol. Adverse effects [11]
DICLOFENAC See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Allergic reactions [2] Pruritus (9%) diuretics, ticagrelor, tipranavir, tolvaptan,

Death [6] Rash (9%) trichlormethiazide, trimethoprim, troglitazone,
Stevens-Johnson syndrome [3] ulipristal, valbenazine, venetoclax, verapamil,
Mucosal zuclopenthixol
DICUMAROL Xerostomia [4] Pregnancy category: C
Cardiovascular prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Indications: Atrial fibrillation, pulmonary Myocardial infarction [2]
embolism, venous thrombosis mothers; pediatric patients
Class: Coumarin Central Nervous System Note: This is the pure form of Digitalis. Contra-
Half-life: 1–4 days Neurotoxicity [4] indicated in ventricular fibrillation.
interactions with: allopurinol, amiodarone, Hepatotoxicity [2] Skin
amobarbital, anabolic steroids, anti-thyroid Non-cirrhotic portal hypertension [5] Exanthems (2%) [2]
agents, aprobarbital, aspirin, barbiturates, Pancreatitis [23] Psoriasis [2]
bivalirudin, butabarbital, butalbital, cimetidine, Endocrine/Metabolic Toxicity [5]
clofibrate, clopidogrel, cyclosporine, delavirdine, Cardiovascular
Acidosis [6]
disulfiram, fenofibrate, fluconazole, gemfibrozil, Arrhythmias [7]
Diabetes mellitus [2]
glutethimide, imatinib, itraconazole, Atrial fibrillation [4]
Gynecomastia [3]
ketoconazole, levothyroxine, liothyronine, Bradycardia [4]
mephobarbital, methimazole, metronidazole, Renal
Fanconi syndrome [5] Tachycardia [2]
miconazole, penicillins, pentobarbital,
phenobarbital, phenylbutazones, piperacillin, Nephrotoxicity [2] Central Nervous System
prednisone, primidone, propylthiouracil, Ocular Anorexia [2]
quinidine, quinine, rifabutin, rifampin, rifapentine, Retinopathy [3] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
rofecoxib, salicylates, secobarbital, Asthenia (fatigue) [2]
Other
sulfinpyrazone, sulfonamides, testosterone, Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Death [3]
zileuton
Nausea [4]
Vomiting [2]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers DIGOXIN Endocrine/Metabolic
Gynecomastia [2]
Trade name: Lanoxin (Concordia) Ocular
Skin
Indications: Congestive heart failure, atrial Dyschromatopsia (green) [6]
Dermatitis [2]
fibrillation Hallucinations, visual [2]
Exanthems [5]
Class: Antiarrhythmic class IV, Cardiac glycoside,
Necrosis [10] Other
Inotrope
Purplish erythema (feet and toes) [2] Death [5]
Purpura [2]
Urticaria [3]
interactions with: acarbose, alprazolam,
Hair amiodarone, amphotericin B, arbutamine, DIHYDROCODEINE
Alopecia (<10%) [5] atorvastatin, azithromycin, bendroflumethiazide,
Hematologic benzthiazide, bisacodyl, boceprevir, bosutinib, Trade name: DHC-Continus (Napp)
Hemorrhage [3] bumetanide, canagliflozin, captopril, carbimazole, Indications: Severe pain in cancer and other
chlorothiazide, chlorthalidone, cholestyramine, chronic conditions
clarithromycin, cobicistat/elvitegravir/ Class: Analgesic, opioid
emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide, cobicistat/ Half-life: 12 hours
DIDANOSINE elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil, Clinically important, potentially hazardous
colchicine, conivaptan, cyclopenthiazide, interactions with: CNS depressants, MAO
Trade name: Videx (Bristol-Myers Squibb)
cyclosporine, cyclothiazide, darifenacin, darunavir, inhibitors, phenothiazines, tranquilizers
Indications: Advanced HIV infection
demeclocycline, dexlansoprazole, Pregnancy category: C
Class: Antiretroviral, Nucleoside analog reverse
dexmedetomidine, doxycycline, dronedarone, Important contra-indications noted in the
transcriptase inhibitor
erythromycin, eslicarbazepine, esomeprazole, prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers
ethacrynic acid, etravirine, everolimus, ezogabine,
fingolimod, flibanserin, flunisolide, furosemide, Skin
interactions with: acetaminophen, amprenavir,
glycopyrrolate, glycopyrronium, AGEP [2]
ciprofloxacin, corticosteroids, dapsone, darunavir,
hydrochlorothiazide, hydroflumethiazide,
febuxostat, gemifloxacin, indinavir, itraconazole, Mucosal
indapamide, indinavir, itraconazole, lapatinib,
ketoconazole, levofloxacin, lomefloxacin, Xerostomia [2]
lenalidomide, liraglutide, lomustine, lopinavir,
lopinavir, moxifloxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin,
meloxicam, mepenzolate, metformin, Central Nervous System
sulfones, tenofovir disoproxil, tetracycline,
methyclothiazide, metolazone, milnacipran, Narcosis [2]
tipranavir, voriconazole
minocycline, mirabegron, neratinib, nifedipine, Seizures [3]
nilotinib, omeprazole, oxprenolol, Somnolence (drowsiness) [2]
oxytetracycline, pantoprazole, paricalcitol, Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
paroxetine hydrochloride, pemetrexed, Abdominal pain [2]
mothers
phenylbutazone, polythiazide, posaconazole, Constipation [2]
Warning: PANCREATITIS, LACTIC ACIDOSIS
propafenone, propantheline, quinethazone, Nausea [2]
and HEPATOMEGALY with STEATOSIS
quinidine, quinine, rabeprazole, rifampin, Vomiting [2]
roxithromycin, sitagliptin, sodium picosulfate,
Skin sorafenib, St John’s wort, sunitinib, telaprevir, Respiratory
Erythema multiforme [2] telithromycin, temozolomide, temsirolimus, Respiratory depression [2]
Lipodystrophy [2] teriparatide, tetracycline, thalidomide, thiazide
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual DINUTUXIMAB
Genitourinary Hair Rash (8%) [2]

Priapism [2] Alopecia [2] Central Nervous System
Renal Mucosal Headache [2]
Renal failure [5] Gingival hyperplasia/hypertrophy (21%) [10] Leukoencephalopathy [6]
Xerostomia [2] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Cardiovascular Asthenia (fatigue) [3]
DILTIAZEM Atrial fibrillation [2] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Bradycardia [7] Abdominal pain (18%) [12]
Trade names: Cardizem (Biovail), Dilacor XR Cardiogenic shock [2] Diarrhea (14%) [10]
(Watson), Teczem (Sanofi-Aventis), Tiazac Hypotension [2] Dyspepsia (5%) [2]
(Forest) QT prolongation [2] Gastrointestinal disorder [3]
Indications: Angina, essential hypertension Central Nervous System Nausea [7]
Class: Antiarrhythmic class IV, Calcium channel Dysgeusia (taste perversion) [2] Vomiting (9%) [3]
blocker, CYP3A4 inhibitor Parkinsonism [3]
Half-life: 5–8 hours (for extended-release Respiratory
Somnolence (drowsiness) [2] Nasopharyngitis [2]
capsules)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Neuromuscular/Skeletal Endocrine/Metabolic
interactions with: acebutolol, alfuzosin, Rhabdomyolysis [4] AST increased (4%) [3]
amiodarone, amitriptyline, amprenavir, Other Genitourinary
aprepitant, atazanavir, atenolol, atorvastatin, Side effects [2] Albuminuria (6%)
avanafil, bisoprolol, bosentan, carbamazepine, Urinary tract infection [2]
celiprolol, cilostazol, cobicistat/elvitegravir/
emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide, cobicistat/ Renal
elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil,
DIMENHYDRINATE Proteinuria [2]
colchicine, copanlisib, corticosteroids, Trade name: Dramamine (Pfizer) Hematologic
cyclosporine, deflazacort, delavirdine, Indications: Motion sickness, dizziness, nausea, Hemotoxicity [2]
dronedarone, dutasteride, efavirenz, epirubicin, vomiting Lymphopenia (2%) [10]
erythromycin, fingolimod, flibanserin, lurasidone, Class: Antiemetic, Cholinesterase absorption Other
midostaurin, mifepristone, moricizine, inhibitor Adverse effects (gastrointestinal) [19]
naldemedine, naloxegol, neratinib, nevirapine, Half-life: N/A Infection [2]
nifedipine, olaparib, oxprenolol, posaconazole, Clinically important, potentially hazardous
ranolazine, silodosin, simvastatin, sonidegib, interactions with: none known
sulpiride, telaprevir, venetoclax
DINOPROSTONE
Important contra-indications noted in the prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Trade names: Cervidel (Forest), Prepidil (Pfizer)
mothers; pediatric patients Indications: Pregnancy termination, uterine
Note: Teczem is diltiazem and enalapril. Skin content evacuation, cervical ripening
Fixed eruption [12] Class: Prostaglandin
Mucosal Half-life: 2.5–5 minutes
AGEP [21] Xerostomia (<10%)
Angioedema [3] Central Nervous System Pregnancy category: C
Diaphoresis [2] Somnolence (drowsiness) [5] Note: Dinoprostone is the naturally occurring
Edema (<10%) [4] form of Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2).
Erythema [2]
Erythema multiforme (<31%) [11]
Exanthems [17]
DIMETHYL FUMARATE
Exfoliative dermatitis [6]
Synonyms: dimethyl (E) butenedioate; BG-12
DINUTUXIMAB
Flushing (<10%) [6]
Trade names: Fumaderm (Biogen Idec), Trade name: Unituxin (United Therapeutics)
Hypersensitivity [2] Tecfidera (Biogen Idec)
Leg ulceration [2] Indications: High-risk neuroblastoma in
Indications: Relapsing forms of multiple combination with granulocyte-macrophage
Lupus erythematosus [5] sclerosis, psoriasis
Palmar–plantar desquamation [2] colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin-2
Class: Fumaric acid ester (IL-2), and isotretinoin (13-cis-retinoic acid), in
Peripheral edema (5–8%)
Half-life: 1 hour pediatric patients who achieve at least a partial
Clinically important, potentially hazardous response to prior first-line multiagent,
Phototoxicity [2]
interactions with: none known multimodality therapy
Pigmentation [10]
Pregnancy category: C Class: GD2-binding monoclonal antibody,
Pruritus [6]
Important contra-indications noted in the Monoclonal antibody
Psoriasis [3]
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Half-life: 10 days
Purpura [3]
mothers; pediatric patients Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Pustules [2]
Note: Fumaderm is mixed dimethyl fumarate and interactions with: none known
Rash [4]
monoethylfumarate salts. Pregnancy category: N/A (May cause fetal
Thickening [2] harm)
Toxic epidermal necrolysis [4] Skin Important contra-indications noted in the
Toxic erythema [2] Contact dermatitis (from topical contact) prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Toxicity [2] [14] mothers
Urticaria [5] Erythema (5%) [2] Warning: SERIOUS INFUSION REACTIONS
Vasculitis [6] Flushing (40%) [30] AND NEUROTOXICITY
Pruritus (8%) [5]
DINUTUXIMAB Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Skin Fixed eruption [4] Other

Edema (17%) Photosensitivity [3] Adverse effects [3]
Urticaria (25–37%) Pruritus [2]
Mucosal Toxic epidermal necrolysis [3]
Toxicity [2]
Nasal congestion (20%) DISOPYRAMIDE
Cardiovascular Mucosal
Capillary leak syndrome (22–40%) Xerostomia (<10%) Trade name: Norpace (Pfizer)
Hypertension (14%) Cardiovascular Indications: Ventricular arrhythmias
Hypotension (60%) QT prolongation [5] Class: Antiarrhythmic, Antiarrhythmic class Ia,
Tachycardia (19%) Torsades de pointes [3] Muscarinic antagonist
Central Nervous System Central Nervous System Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Fever (55–72%) Delirium [2] interactions with: acebutolol, amiodarone,
Pain (61–85%) [2] Sedation [2] amisulpride, amitriptyline, arsenic, artemether/
Peripheral neuropathy (13%) Seizures [2] lumefantrine, astemizole, atenolol, bisoprolol,
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Somnolence (drowsiness) [7] celiprolol, ciprofloxacin, clarithromycin,
Diarrhea (31–43%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir
Nausea (10%) Rhabdomyolysis [5] alafenamide, cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/
Vomiting (33–46%) Ocular tenofovir disoproxil, darifenacin, degarelix,
Respiratory Hallucinations, visual [2] dronedarone, droperidol, enoxacin,
erythromycin, gatifloxacin, gliclazide,
Hypoxia (24%) Other glycopyrrolate, glycopyrronium, insulin aspart,
Wheezing (15%) Death [4] insulin degludec, insulin glargine, insulin glulisine,
Endocrine/Metabolic itraconazole, ketoconazole, levomepromazine,
ALT increased (43–56%) lomefloxacin, lurasidone, metformin,
AST increased (16–28%)
Creatine phosphokinase increased (15%)
DIPHENOXYLATE moxifloxacin, nevirapine, nilotinib, norfloxacin,
ofloxacin, oxprenolol, oxybutynin, pimavanserin,
Hyperglycemia (18%) Trade name: Lomotil (Pfizer) quinine, quinolones, ribociclib, rifapentine,
Hypertriglyceridemia (16%) Indications: Diarrhea roxithromycin, sildenafil, sotalol, sparfloxacin,
Hypoalbuminemia (29–33%) Class: Antimotility, Opioid agonist sulpiride, tadalafil, telithromycin, tiotropium,
Hypocalcemia (20–27%) Half-life: 2.5 hours trospium, vandetanib, vardenafil, zuclopenthixol
Hypokalemia (26–43%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous Pregnancy category: C
Hypomagnesemia (12%) interactions with: oxybutynin Important contra-indications noted in the
Hyponatremia (36–58%) Pregnancy category: C prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Hypophosphatemia (20%) Important contra-indications noted in the pediatric patients
Weight gain (10%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Renal pediatric patients Skin
Proteinuria (16%) Note: Diphenoxylate is almost always prescribed Dermatitis (<3%)
Hematologic with atropine sulfate. Edema (<3%)
Anemia (42–51%) Exanthems (<5%)
Hemorrhage (17%) Mucosal Lupus erythematosus [3]
Lymphopenia (54–62%) Xerostomia (3%) Pruritus (<3%)
Neutropenia (25–39%) Rash (generalized) (<3%)
Sepsis (18%) Mucosal
Thrombocytopenia (61–66%) DIPYRIDAMOLE Oral lesions (40%)
Local Xerostomia (32%) [2]
Infusion-related reactions (47–60%) [2] Trade names: Aggrenox (Boehringer Ingelheim), Cardiovascular
Persantine (Boehringer Ingelheim) Chest pain (<3%)
Indications: Thromboembolic complications Hypotension (<3%)
following cardiac valve replacement
DIPHENHYDRAMINE Class: Adenosine reuptake inhibitor, Antiplatelet
QT prolongation [8]
Torsades de pointes [13]
Trade name: Benadryl (Pfizer) Central Nervous System
Indications: Allergic rhinitis, urticaria Anorexia (<3%)
interactions with: adenosine, ceftobiprole,
Class: Antiemetic, Histamine H1 receptor Headache (3–9%)
clopidogrel, enoxaparin, fondaparinux,
antagonist, Muscarinic antagonist Nervousness (<3%)
regadenoson, reteplase, riociguat, tinzaparin
Half-life: 2–8 hours Syncope (<3%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Vertigo (dizziness) (3–9%)
interactions with: alcohol, anticholinergics,
chloral hydrate, CNS depressants, glutethimide,
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Neuromuscular/Skeletal
MAO inhibitors
pediatric patients Asthenia (fatigue) (3–9%)
Note: Aggrenox is dipyridamole and aspirin. Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Important contra-indications noted in the Abdominal pain (3–9%)
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers Skin Constipation (11%) [2]
Flushing (3%) Diarrhea (<3%)
Skin Rash (2%) Nausea (3–9%)
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [4] Stevens-Johnson syndrome [2] Vomiting (<3%)
Contact dermatitis [2] Central Nervous System Respiratory
Dermatitis [4] Headache [3] Dyspnea (<3%)
Eczema [2]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual DOCETAXEL
Endocrine/Metabolic Pyogenic granuloma [2]

Hypocalcemia [3] DOCETAXEL Subungual abscess [2]
Hypoglycemia [4] Subungual hemorrhage [2]
Hypokalemia (<3%) Trade name: Taxotere (Sanofi-Aventis) Transverse superficial loss of nail plate [2]
Weight gain (<3%) Indications: Metastatic breast cancer, non-small
cell lung cancer, with prednisone in hormone Mucosal
Genitourinary refractory prostate cancer, with cisplatin and Aphthous stomatitis [2]
Impotence (<3%) fluorouracil for gastric adenocarcinoma and Mucositis [15]
Urinary hesitancy (14%) squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck Oral mucositis [5]
Urinary retention (3–9%) Class: Antineoplastic, Taxane Stomatitis (19–53%) [19]
Ocular Half-life: 11–18 hours Cardiovascular
Vision blurred (3–9%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous Capillary leak syndrome [2]
Xerophthalmia (3–9%) interactions with: alcohol, aldesleukin, Cardiotoxicity [2]
anthracyclines, antifungals, aprepitant, BCG Hypertension [10]
vaccine, conivaptan, cyclosporine, CYP3A4 Hypotension (3%)
Thromboembolism [2]
DISULFIRAM inhibitors or inducers, dasatinib, deferasirox,
denosumab, echinacea, erythromycin, Central Nervous System
Trade name: Antabuse (Odyssey) itraconazole, ketoconazole, lapatinib, Anorexia [13]
Indications: Alcoholism leflunomide, natalizumab, P-glycoprotein Dysesthesia (4%)
Class: Antialcoholism, Antioxidant inhibitors or inducers, pimecrolimus, prednisone, Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (6%) [7]
Half-life: N/A ritonavir, sipuleucel-T, sorafenib, St John’s wort, Fever (31–35%) [8]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous tacrolimus, thalidomide, trastuzumab, vaccines, Headache [2]
interactions with: acenocoumarol, alcohol, voriconazole Mood changes [2]
amitriptyline, anisindione, anticoagulants, Pregnancy category: D Neurotoxicity [20]
benznidazole, clobazam, cyclosporine, dicumarol, Important contra-indications noted in the Pain [5]
dronabinol, ethanolamine, ethotoin, fosphenytoin, prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Paresthesias (4%) [3]
lopinavir, mephenytoin, metronidazole, mothers; pediatric patients Peripheral neuropathy [12]
omeprazole, oxtriphylline, phenytoin, Note: Contra-indicated in patients with Vertigo (dizziness) [2]
thalidomide, tipranavir, warfarin hypersensitivity to docetaxel or polysorbate 80,
or with neutrophil counts of <1500 cells/mm3. Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Pregnancy category: C Arthralgia (3–9%) [3]
Important contra-indications noted in the Warning: TOXIC DEATHS, HEPATOTOXICITY,
NEUTROPENIA, HYPERSENSITIVITY Asthenia (fatigue) (53–66%) [63]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Bone or joint pain [2]
pediatric patients REACTIONS, and FLUID RETENTION
Myalgia/Myopathy (3–23%) [10]
Skin Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Skin Abdominal pain [4]
Acneform eruption [3] AGEP [2]
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [3] Constipation [3]
Bullous dermatitis [2] Diarrhea (23–43%) [50]
Dermatitis [17] Edema (34%) [24]
Erythema [4] Dysphagia [2]
Eczema [2] Hepatotoxicity [2]
Exanthems [2] Exanthems [3]
Facial erythema [2] Nausea (34–42%) [29]
Fixed eruption [2] Vomiting (22–23%) [21]
Flushing (with alcohol) [5] Flagellate erythema/pigmentation [2]
Rash (<10%) Flushing [2] Respiratory
Recall reaction (nickel) [4] Hand–foot syndrome [44] Acute respiratory distress syndrome [2]
Urticaria [3] Hypersensitivity (6%) [15] Cough [2]
Peripheral edema [9] Dyspnea [5]
Mucosal Photosensitivity [6] Pleural effusion [2]
Halitosis [2] Pigmentation [2] Pneumonia [3]
Cardiovascular Psoriasis [3] Pneumonitis [10]
Hypertension [2] Radiation recall dermatitis [18] Pulmonary embolism [2]
Hypotension [2] Rash [13] Pulmonary toxicity (41%) [4]
Polyarteritis nodosa [2] Recall reaction [2] Respiratory failure [2]
Tachycardia [2] Scleroderma [9] Upper respiratory tract infection [3]
Central Nervous System Stevens-Johnson syndrome [2] Endocrine/Metabolic
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (metallic or Thrombocytopenic purpura [2] ALP increased (4–7%)
garlic aftertaste) (<10%) Toxicity (20–48%) [10] ALT increased [5]
Neurotoxicity [7] Xerosis [2] Amenorrhea [4]
Psychosis [5] Hair Appetite decreased [3]
Seizures [2] Alopecia (56–76%) [32] AST increased [4]
Somnolence (drowsiness) [2] Nails Dehydration [2]
Vertigo (dizziness) [2] Beau’s lines (transverse nail bands) [2] Hyperglycemia [3]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Discoloration [2] Hypomagnesemia [2]
Asthenia (fatigue) [2] Melanonychia [2] Hyponatremia [4]
Nail changes [17] Hypophosphatemia [3]
Ocular
Optic neuropathy [2] Nail disorder (11–41%) [2] Hematologic
Nail loss [3] Anemia (65–94%) [24]
Other Nail pigmentation [6] Febrile neutropenia (6%) [52]
Adverse effects [2] Onycholysis [15] Hemolytic uremic syndrome [3]
Onychopathy [2] Hemotoxicity [3]
Paronychia [4] Leukocytopenia [6]
DOCETAXEL See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Leukopenia (84–99%) [29] Other Gastrointestinal/Hepatic

Lymphopenia [4] Adverse effects [4] Constipation [3]
Myelosuppression [3] Diarrhea (10%) [12]
Neutropenia (84–99%) [93] Hepatotoxicity [3]
Thrombocytopenia (8–14%) [13]
DONEPEZIL Nausea (6–11%) [15]
Vomiting (5–8%) [9]
Ocular
Epiphora [8] Trade names: Aricept (Eisai), Aricept Evess Endocrine/Metabolic
Local (Eisai) Appetite decreased [4]
Injection-site erythema [2] Indications: Mild, moderate and severe Creatine phosphokinase increased (3%)
Injection-site extravasation [3] dementia of the Alzheimer’s type Dehydration (2%)
Injection-site pigmentation [3] Class: Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Hyperlipidemia (2%)
Injection-site reactions [2] Cholinesterase inhibitor, Parasympathomimetic Weight loss (3%)
Half-life: 50–70 hours Genitourinary
Other Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Adverse effects [5] Urinary frequency (2%) [2]
interactions with: anticholinergics, cholinergic Urinary incontinence (2%)
Allergic reactions [2] agonists, galantamine, non-depolarising muscle
Death [17] Urinary tract infection [3]
relaxants, ramelteon, succinylcholine
Infection (<34%) [9] Pregnancy category: C Hematologic
Important contra-indications noted in the Hemorrhage (2%)
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Other
DOLUTEGRAVIR pediatric patients Adverse effects [9]
Note: Contra-indicated in patients with known Infection (11%)
Trade names: Juluca (ViiV), Tivicay (ViiV), hypersensitivity to donepezil hydrochloride or to
Triumeq (ViiV) piperidine derivatives.
Indications: HIV-1 infection
Class: Antiretroviral, Integrase strand transfer
DONG QUAI
Skin
inhibitor Diaphoresis [2] Family: Umbelliferae; Apioideae
Half-life: ~14 hours Ecchymoses (4–5%) Scientific name: Angelica sinensis (Angelica
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Eczema (3%) polymorpha sinensis)
interactions with: dofetilide Purpura (<10%) Indications: Menopausal symptoms, PMS,
Pregnancy category: B menstrual disorders, anemia, constipation,
Important contra-indications noted in the Cardiovascular
Atrioventricular block [2] insomnia, rheumatism, neuralgia, hypertension,
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; hypopigmentation, psoriasis
pediatric patients Bradycardia [7]
Chest pain (2%) Class: Immunomodulator, Phytoestrogen
Note: Triumeq is dolutegravir, abacavir and Half-life: N/A
lamivudine. Juluca is dolutegravir and rilpivirine. Hypertension [2]
Hypotension (3%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
QT prolongation [4] interactions with: acetaminophen, bexarotene,
Skin Torsades de pointes [2] demeclocycline, gemifloxacin
Hypersensitivity [5] Pregnancy category: N/A
Pruritus (<2%) Central Nervous System Note: Some recent research has questioned the
Rash [3] Abnormal dreams (3%) [2] efficacy of Dong Quai, and also suggested that it
Agitation [2] may be a potential carcinogen.
Central Nervous System Anorexia (4–8%) [5]
Abnormal dreams [2] Confusion (2%) [3]
Headache (<2%) [17] Delirium [2] Endocrine/Metabolic
Insomnia (<3%) [4] Depression (2–3%) [3] Gynecomastia [2]
Neurotoxicity [2] Emotional lability (2%)
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Fever (3%)
Asthenia (fatigue) (<2%) [3] Gait instability [2] DOPAMINE
Myalgia/Myopathy (<2%) Hallucinations (3%)
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Headache (4–10%) [6] Trade name: Intropin (Hospira)
Abdominal pain (<2%) Hostility (3%) Indications: Hemodynamic imbalances present
Diarrhea [16] Insomnia (5–9%) [4] in shock
Flatulence (<2%) Mania [2] Class: Adrenergic alpha-receptor agonist,
Hepatitis (<2%) Nervousness (3%) Catecholamine, Inotropic sympathomimetic
Nausea [14] Neuroleptic malignant syndrome [2] Half-life: 2 minutes
Vomiting (<2%) Pain (3–9%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Parkinsonism [2] interactions with: ethotoin, fosphenytoin,
Respiratory Somnolence (drowsiness) (2%) [2] furazolidone, lurasidone, MAO inhibitors,
Nasopharyngitis [4] Syncope (2%) [5] mephenytoin, phenelzine, phenytoin, quetiapine,
Upper respiratory tract infection [2] Tremor [3] tranylcypromine
Endocrine/Metabolic Vertigo (dizziness) (2–8%) [6] Pregnancy category: C
ALT increased (<2%) [3] Neuromuscular/Skeletal Important contra-indications noted in the
AST increased (<3%) Arthralgia (2%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Creatine phosphokinase increased (<4%) Asthenia (fatigue) (5%) [3] pediatric patients
Hyperglycemia (5–7%) Back pain (3%)
Serum creatinine increased [2] Dystonia [2] Cardiovascular
Renal Muscle spasm [2] QT prolongation [2]
Nephrotoxicity (<2%) Myoclonus [2]
Pisa syndrome [2]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual DOXORUBICIN
Local Central Nervous System Central Nervous System

Injection-site extravasation [2] Abnormal dreams (5%) Headache [2]
Injection-site necrosis [3] Insomnia (4%) Vertigo (dizziness) [9]
Sensory disturbances (4%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Sleep disturbances (12%) Asthenia (fatigue) [4]
DORAVIRINE * Somnolence (drowsiness) (3%)
Vertigo (dizziness) (7%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Abdominal pain [2]
Trade name: Pifeltro (Merck Sharpe & Dohme) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Indications: indicated in combination with other Diarrhea (3%) Genitourinary
antiretroviral agents for the treatment of HIV-1 Nausea (5%) Erectile dysfunction [3]
infection in adult patients with no prior Ocular
antiretroviral treatment history Floppy iris syndrome [3]
Class: Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase
inhibitor
DORZOLAMIDE
Half-life: 15 hours
Trade names: Cosopt (Merck), Trusopt (Banyu) DOXEPIN
Indications: Glaucoma, ocular hypertension
interactions with: carbamazepine, efavirenz, Class: Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, Diuretic Trade names: Adapin (LGM Pharma), Silenor
enzalutamide, etravirine, mitotane, nevirapine, Half-life: ~4 months (Somaxon), Sinquan (Pfizer)
oxcarbazepine, phenobarbital, phenytoin, Clinically important, potentially hazardous Indications: Mental depression, anxiety, insomnia
rifabutin, rifampin, rifapentine, St John’s wort interactions with: none known Class: Antidepressant, tricyclic, Muscarinic
Pregnancy category: N/A (No adequate data to Pregnancy category: C antagonist
establish risk) Important contra-indications noted in the Half-life: 6–8 hours
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Skin Note: Dorzolamide is a sulfonamide and can be interactions with: alcohol, amprenavir,
Rash (2%) absorbed systemically. Sulfonamides can produce arbutamine, cholestyramine, clonidine, CNS
Central Nervous System severe, possibly fatal, reactions such as toxic depressants, epinephrine, formoterol,
Headache (6%) [2] epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson guanethidine, isocarboxazid, linezolid, MAO
Vertigo (dizziness) (3%) syndrome. inhibitors, phenelzine, QT prolonging agents,
Cosopt is dorzolamide and timolol. quinolones, ramelteon, selegiline, sparfloxacin,
Neuromuscular/Skeletal sympathomimetics, tranylcypromine
Asthenia (fatigue) (6%) Pregnancy category: C (pregnancy category is
Skin
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Contact dermatitis [4] B for topical use)
Abdominal pain (5%) Important contra-indications noted in the
Diarrhea (5%) Central Nervous System prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers
Nausea (7%) Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (25%) [8] Warning: SUICIDALITY AND
Ocular ANTIDEPRESSANT DRUGS
Ocular burning (33%) [5]
DORAVIRINE/ Ocular pain [2]
Ocular pruritus [4]
Skin
Dermatitis (from topical) [9]
LAMIDUVINE/ Ocular stinging [10] Diaphoresis (<10%)
Vision blurred [3] Pseudolymphoma [2]
TENOFOVIR Other Mucosal
DISOPROXIL * Adverse effects [2] Xerostomia (>10%) [6]
Cardiovascular
Trade name: Delstrigo (Merck Sharpe & QT prolongation [2]
Dohme) DOXAZOSIN Central Nervous System
Indications: indicated as a complete regimen for
the treatment of HIV-1 infection in adult patients Trade name: Cardura (Pfizer) Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (>10%)
with no antiretroviral treatment history Indications: Hypertension Headache [4]
Half-life: 15 hours (doravirine); 5–7 hours Class: Adrenergic alpha-receptor antagonist Somnolence (drowsiness) [7]
(lamivudine); 17 hours (tenofovir disoproxil) Half-life: 19–22 hours
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Clinically important, potentially hazardous
interactions with: carbamazepine, interactions with: tadalafil, vardenafil, DOXORUBICIN
enzalutamide, ledipasvir & sofosbuvir, mitotane, zuclopenthixol
oxcarbazepine, phenobarbital, phenytoin, Pregnancy category: C Synonym: hydroxydaunomycin
rifabutin, rifampin, rifapentine, sofosbuvir & Important contra-indications noted in the Trade names: Adriamycin (Bedford), Doxil
velpatasvir, St John’s wort prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing (Tibotec), Rubex (Mead Johnson)
Pregnancy category: N/A (insufficient data to mothers; pediatric patients Indications: Carcinomas, leukemias, sarcomas
adequately assess risk) Class: Antibiotic, anthracycline
Important contra-indications noted in the Skin Half-life: 20–48 hours
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers Edema (4%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Note: see also separate profiles for doravirine, Exanthems (2%) interactions with: aldesleukin, cabazitaxel,
lamivudine and tenofovir disoproxil. CYP2D6 inhibitors or inducers, CYP3A4
Warning: POSTTREATMENT ACUTE Mucosal inhibitors or inducers, gadobenate, P-glycoprotein
EXACERBATION OF HEPATITIS B Xerostomia (2%) [2] inhibitors or inducers, paclitaxel, sorafenib,
Cardiovascular stavudine, trastuzumab, zidovudine
Skin Hypotension [3]
Rash (2%) Orthostatic hypotension [2]
Postural hypotension [2]
DOXORUBICIN Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Pregnancy category: D Nausea [15] Erythema multiforme [4]

Important contra-indications noted in the Pancreatitis [2] Exanthems [2]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers Vomiting [12] Fixed eruption [9]
Warning: CARDIOMYOPATHY, SECONDARY Respiratory Hypersensitivity [2]
MALIGNANCIES, EXTRAVASATION AND Dyspnea [3] Photosensitivity [21]
TISSUE NECROSIS, and SEVERE Pneumonia [4] Phototoxicity [9]
MYELOSUPPRESSION Pneumonitis [2] Pigmentation [5]
Pruritus [3]
Endocrine/Metabolic Rash [5]
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [2] Stevens-Johnson syndrome [7]
Amenorrhea [2] Sweet’s syndrome [2]
Angioedema [5] Hyperglycemia [2]
Erythema [2] Toxic epidermal necrolysis [2]
Hypokalemia [2] Urticaria [6]
Exanthems [4]
Exfoliative dermatitis [2] Renal Nails
Flushing (<10%) [2] Nephrotoxicity [2] Photo-onycholysis [13]
Hand–foot syndrome [61] Hematologic Mucosal
Hypersensitivity [2] Anemia [16] Black tongue [2]
Intertrigo [3] Febrile neutropenia [18] Mucosal candidiasis [2]
Lupus erythematosus [3] Hemorrhage [2]
Necrosis (local) [5] Hemotoxicity [2] Central Nervous System
Palmar–plantar erythema (painful) [4] Leukopenia [4] Anosmia [2]
Pigmentation [15] Myelosuppression [2] Fever [2]
Pruritus [2] Neutropenia [37] Headache [4]
Purpura [2] Thrombocytopenia [21] Intracranial pressure increased [2]
Radiation recall dermatitis [8] Paresthesias [4]
Local Vertigo (dizziness) [3]
Rash [6] Injection-site erythema [7]
Toxicity [12] Injection-site extravasation (>10%) [12] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Urticaria [10] Injection-site necrosis (>10%) [5] Myalgia/Myopathy [2]
Hair Injection-site reactions [2] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Alopecia (>10%) [41] Injection-site ulceration (>10%) [4] Abdominal pain [3]
Nails Other Diarrhea [4]
Beau’s lines [2] Adverse effects [6] Esophagitis [3]
Melanonychia [2] Allergic reactions [4] Hepatotoxicity [2]
Nail changes [2] Death [11] Nausea [5]
Nail pigmentation [16] Infection [5] Pancreatitis [3]
Onycholysis [5] Ulcerative esophagitis [2]
Vomiting [3]
Mucosal
Aphthous stomatitis [2] DOXYCYCLINE Endocrine/Metabolic
Mucositis [19] Hypoglycemia [2]
Oral lesions [7] Trade names: Adoxa (Bioglan), Doryx (Warner Genitourinary
Oral mucositis [2] Chilcott), Oracea (Galderma), Vibra-Tabs (Pfizer), Vaginitis [2]
Stomatitis (>10%) [19] Vibramycin-D (Pfizer) Other
Tongue pigmentation [3] Indications: Various infections caused by Adverse effects [6]
Cardiovascular susceptible organisms Allergic reactions [3]
Atrial fibrillation [2] Class: Antibiotic, tetracycline Tooth pigmentation (>10%) [5]
Cardiomyopathy [6] Half-life: 12–22 hours
Cardiotoxicity [21] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Chest pain [2] interactions with: acitretin, amoxicillin,
Congestive heart failure [7] ampicillin, antacids, bacampicillin, barbiturates, DRONABINOL
Myocardial toxicity [4] BCG vaccine, bismuth, calcium salts,
carbamazepine, carbenicillin, cloxacillin, Synonyms: tetrahydrocannabinol; THC
Central Nervous System corticosteroids, coumarins, cyclosporine, dairy Trade names: Marinol (AbbVie), Syndros (Insys)
Anorexia [3] products, digoxin, ergotamine, kaolin, Indications: Chemotherapy-induced nausea,
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) [2] methotrexate, methoxyflurane, methysergide, anorexia associated with weight loss in patients
Fever [5] mezlocillin, nafcillin, oral contraceptives, oral iron, with AIDS
Headache [3] oral typhoid vaccine, oxacillin, penicillins, Class: Antiemetic, Cannabinoid
Leukoencephalopathy [4] phenindione, phenytoin, piperacillin, primidone, Half-life: 19–24 hours
Neurotoxicity [4] quinapril, retinoids, rifampin, St John’s wort, Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Pain [2] strontium ranelate, sucralfate, sulfonylureas, interactions with: disulfiram, metronidazole
Peripheral neuropathy [7] ticarcillin, tripotassium dicitratobismuthate, zinc Pregnancy category: C
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Pregnancy category: D Important contra-indications noted in the
Asthenia (fatigue) [18] Important contra-indications noted in the prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Bone or joint pain [3] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; mothers; pediatric patients
Myalgia/Myopathy [3] pediatric patients
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Mucosal
Constipation [4] Skin Xerostomia (<10%)
Diarrhea [9] AGEP [2] Central Nervous System
Gastrointestinal perforation [2] Angioedema [2] Euphoria (<10%)
Hepatotoxicity [6] Candidiasis [3] Paranoia (<10%)
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual DULAGLUTIDE
Somnolence (drowsiness) (<10%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal Sedation [2]

Vertigo (dizziness) (<10%) [5] Asthenia (fatigue) (7%) [3] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Dystonia [6]
Abdominal pain (<10%) Abdominal pain (4%) [2] Other
Nausea (<10%) [2] Diarrhea (9%) [14] Death [3]
Vomiting (<10%) Dyspepsia (2%)
Other Gastrointestinal disorder [4]
Hepatic failure [5]
Adverse effects [4]
Hepatotoxicity [9] DROXIDOPA
Nausea (5%) [12]
Vomiting (2%) [6] Synonym: L-DOPS
DRONEDARONE Respiratory
Trade name: Northera (Chelsea Therapeutics)
Indications: Neurogenic orthostatic hypotension
Trade name: Multaq (Sanofi-Aventis) Pulmonary toxicity [9] Class: Amino acid analog (synthetic)
Indications: Atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter Endocrine/Metabolic Half-life: 2.5 hours
Class: Antiarrhythmic, Antiarrhythmic class III Serum creatinine increased (51%) [6] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Half-life: 13–19 hours Renal interactions with: none known
Nephrotoxicity [2]
interactions with: amiodarone, amitriptyline, Important contra-indications noted in the
Renal failure [2]
amoxapine, antiarrhythmics, antipsychotics prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
prolonging QT interval, arsenic, atorvastatin, beta Other pediatric patients
blockers, bupivacaine, calcium channel blockers, Adverse effects [2] Warning: SUPINE HYPERTENSION
carbamazepine, citalopram, clarithromycin, Death [2]
conivaptan, coumarins, cyclosporine, CYP3A Side effects [2]
Cardiovascular
inducers, dabigatran, darunavir, dasabuvir/ Hypertension (2–7%)
ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir, dasatinib,
degarelix, delavirdine, digoxin, diltiazem, DROPERIDOL Gait instability (15%) [2]
disopyramide, dolasetron, efavirenz,
erythromycin, fingolimod, grapefruit juice, Trade names: Inapsine (Akorn), Xomolix Headache (6–15%) [3]
indinavir, itraconazole, ketoconazole, lapatinib, (ProStrakan) Syncope (13%)
levobupivacaine, levofloxacin, levomepromazine, Indications: Tranquilizer and antiemetic in Vertigo (dizziness) (4–10%) [2]
metoprolol, moxifloxacin, nefazodone, neratinib, surgical procedures Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
nifedipine, ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir, Class: Antiemetic, Antipsychotic, Butyrophenone Nausea (2–9%)
oxcarbazepine, pazopanib, phenindione, Half-life: 2.3 hours Genitourinary
phenobarbital, phenothiazines, phenytoin, Clinically important, potentially hazardous Urinary tract infection (15%) [2]
posaconazole, prilocaine, propranolol, rifampin, interactions with: amiodarone, amisulpride,
rifapentine, ritonavir, ropivacaine, rosuvastatin, amitriptyline, arsenic, atomoxetine, azithromycin,
saquinavir, simvastatin, sirolimus, sotalol, St John’s chloroquine, CNS depressants, cyclobenzaprine,
wort, statins, tacrolimus, telavancin, disopyramide, duloxetine, eszopiclone, DULAGLUTIDE
telithromycin, tricyclic antidepressants, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, hydromorphone,
venetoclax, verapamil, voriconazole, vorinostat, hydroxychloroquine, levomepromazine, Trade name: Trulicity (Lilly)
warfarin, ziprasidone lurasidone, macrolides, metaxalone, milnacipran, Indications: To improve glycemic control in
Pregnancy category: X moxifloxacin, paliperidone, pentamidine, adults with Type II diabetes mellitus
Important contra-indications noted in the pimozide, QT prolonging agents, quinine, Class: Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; ramelteon, sertraline, sotalol, sulpiride, agonist
pediatric patients tamoxifen, tapentadol, thiopental, tiagabine, Half-life: 5 days
Warning: INCREASED RISK OF DEATH, tricyclic antidepressants Clinically important, potentially hazardous
STROKE AND HEART FAILURE IN PATIENTS Pregnancy category: C interactions with: none known
WITH DECOMPENSATED HEART FAILURE OR Important contra-indications noted in the Pregnancy category: C
PERMANENT ATRIAL FIBRILLATION prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Important contra-indications noted in the
pediatric patients prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Note: Contra-indicated in patients with known pediatric patients
Skin Note: Contra-indicated in patients with a
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [2] or suspected QT prolongation.
This product is not available in the European personal or family history of medullary thyroid
Dermatitis (5%) carcinoma or in patients with multiple endocrine
Eczema (5%) market.
Warning: QT PROLONGATION AND neoplasia syndrome Type 2.
Erythema (5%) Warning: RISK OF THYROID C-CELL TUMORS
Pruritus (5%) TORSADE DE POINTES
Rash (5%) [8]
Skin Cardiovascular
Cardiovascular Atrioventricular block (2%)
Arrhythmias [3] Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [3]
Angioedema [2] Tachycardia (3–6%)
Bradycardia (3%) [8]
Cardiac failure (new or worsening) [9] Cardiovascular Central Nervous System
Cardiotoxicity [3] Arrhythmias [2] Headache [3]
Congestive heart failure [2] QT prolongation [13] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
QT prolongation (28%) [10] Torsades de pointes [6] Asthenia (fatigue) (4–6%)
Torsades de pointes [3] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Central Nervous System Akathisia [5] Abdominal pain (7–9%)
Vertigo (dizziness) [2] Extrapyramidal symptoms [2] Constipation [4]
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome [2] Diarrhea [23]
Restlessness [2] Dyspepsia (4–6%) [3]
DULAGLUTIDE See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Nausea (12–21%) [24] Neuromuscular/Skeletal Colitis (13%) [2]

Pancreatitis [2] Arthralgia (>2%) Constipation (21%)
Vomiting (6–13%) [17] Asthenia (fatigue) (10%) [14] Diarrhea (13%) [7]
Respiratory Back pain (>2%) Hepatitis [2]
Nasopharyngitis [6] Bone or joint pain (4%) Nausea (16%)
Muscle spasm (3%) Respiratory
Endocrine/Metabolic
Appetite decreased (5–9%) [2] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Cough (10%)
Hypoglycemia [2] Abdominal pain (>2%) Dyspnea (13%)
Colitis [2] Pneumonitis (2%) [3]
Local Constipation (10%) [10]
Injection-site reactions [5] Endocrine/Metabolic
Diarrhea (9%) [6] ALP increased (4%)
Other Hepatotoxicity (rare) [4] Appetite decreased (19%) [3]
Adverse effects (gastrointestinal) [4] Nausea (24%) [25] AST increased (2%) [4]
Vomiting (>2%) [3] Hypercalcemia (3%)
Respiratory Hyperglycemia (3%)
DULOXETINE Cough (>2%) Hypermagnesemia (4%)
Influenza (3%) Hyperthyroidism (5–6%)
Trade names: Cymbalta (Lilly), Yentreve (Lilly)
Nasopharyngitis (5%) Hyponatremia (12%)
Indications: Depression
Upper respiratory tract infection (4%) Hypothyroidism (6–10%)
Class: Antidepressant, Noradrenaline reuptake
inhibitor, Serotonin reuptake inhibitor Endocrine/Metabolic Genitourinary
Half-life: 8–17 hours ALT increased [2] Urinary tract infection (15%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Appetite decreased (8–9%) [2] Hematologic
interactions with: 5HT1 agonists, alcohol, Hyponatremia [3] Anemia (8%)
amitriptyline, artemether/lumefantrine, aspirin, Libido decreased (4%) Lymphopenia (11%)
atomoxetine, cimetidine, ciprofloxacin, SIADH [6]
citalopram, clomipramine, CYP1A2 inducers, Weight loss (>2%) Local
Infusion-related reactions (2%)
CYP2D6 inhibitors and substrates, darunavir, Genitourinary
droperidol, enoxacin, fesoterodine, fluoxetine, Ejaculatory dysfunction (2–5%) Other
fluvoxamine, iobenguane, levomepromazine, Sexual dysfunction [6] Adverse effects [2]
MAO inhibitors, meperidine, moclobemide, Death [3]
naratriptan, nebivolol, NSAIDs, paroxetine Ocular Infection (30–38%)
hydrochloride, PEG-interferon, quinidine, Vision blurred (>2%)
sibutramine, SSRIs, St John’s wort, tamoxifen, Other
teriflunomide, thioridazine, tramadol, tricyclic
antidepressants, tryptophan, venlafaxine, warfarin
Bruxism [3]
DUTASTERIDE
Pregnancy category: C Death [2] Trade names: Avodart (GSK), Jalyn (GSK)
Important contra-indications noted in the Side effects [2] Indications: Benign prostatic hyperplasia, male
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; pattern baldness (anecdotal)
pediatric patients Class: 5-alpha reductase inhibitor, Androgen
Warning: SUICIDAL THOUGHTS AND
BEHAVIORS
DURVALUMAB antagonist
Half-life: 3–5 weeks
Trade name: Imfinzi (AstraZeneca) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Skin Indications: Locally advanced or metastatic interactions with: cimetidine, ciprofloxacin,
Diaphoresis (6%) [2] urothelial carcinoma in patients having disease conivaptan, darunavir, delavirdine, diltiazem,
Flushing (3%) progression following platinum-containing indinavir, ketoconazole, ritonavir, telithromycin,
Hot flashes (>2%) chemotherapy troleandomycin, verapamil, voriconazole
Hyperhidrosis (7%) [8] Class: Monoclonal antibody, Programmed death- Pregnancy category: X
Stevens-Johnson syndrome [2] ligand (PD-L1) inhibitor Important contra-indications noted in the
Half-life: 17 days prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Mucosal
Clinically important, potentially hazardous pediatric patients
Oropharyngeal pain (>2%)
interactions with: none known Note: Jalyn is dutasteride and tamsulosin.
Xerostomia (13%) [24]
Pregnancy category: N/A (Can cause fetal
Cardiovascular harm) Endocrine/Metabolic
Palpitation (>2%) Important contra-indications noted in the Gynecomastia [2]
Central Nervous System prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Libido decreased (<3%) [3]
Agitation (5%) mothers; pediatric patients
Genitourinary
Anxiety (3%)
Ejaculatory dysfunction [3]
Dyskinesia [2] Skin Erectile dysfunction [8]
Headache (14%) [11] Peripheral edema (15%) Impotence (<5%)
Insomnia (10%) [13] Pruritus [3] Sexual dysfunction [7]
Paresthesias (>2%) Rash (11%) [2]
Restless legs syndrome [2] Other
Serotonin syndrome [4] Central Nervous System Adverse effects [2]
Somnolence (drowsiness) (10%) [17] Fever (14%)
Suicidal ideation [4] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Tardive dyskinesia [3] Asthenia (fatigue) (39%) [5]
Tremor (3%) Bone or joint pain (24%)
Vertigo (dizziness) (10%) [16] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Yawning (>2%) [2] Abdominal pain (14%)
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual EFAVIRENZ
Meningococcal infection [4]

ECHINACEA Vertigo (dizziness) [3] EDOXABAN
Family: Asteraceae; Compositae Neuromuscular/Skeletal Trade name: Savaysa (Daiichi Sankyo)
Scientific names: Echinacea angustifola, Asthenia (fatigue) (12%) [4] Indications: Reduce the risk of stroke and
Echinacea pallida, Echinacea purpurea Back pain (19%) [3] systemic embolism in patients with nonvalvular
Indications: Colds, upper respiratory infections, Pain in extremities [2] atrial fibrillation, treatment of deep vein
peripheral vasodilator, urinary tract infections, Gastrointestinal/Hepatic thrombosis and pulmonary embolism
yeast infections, ulcers, psoriasis, herpes simplex, Abdominal pain [2] Class: Direct factor Xa inhibitor
septicemia, boils, abscesses, rheumatism, Diarrhea [3] Half-life: 10–14 hours
migraine, dyspepsia, eczema, bee stings and Nausea [4] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
hemorrhoids Vomiting [3] interactions with: anticoagulants, rifampin
Class: Immunomodulator Respiratory Pregnancy category: C
Half-life: N/A Cough (12%) [4] Important contra-indications noted in the
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Nasopharyngitis (23%) [5] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
interactions with: abatacept, alefacept, Pharyngolaryngeal pain [2] pediatric patients
amiodarone, azacitidine, betamethasone, Upper respiratory tract infection [3] Note: Contra-indicated in patients with active
cabazitaxel, corticosteroids, cyclosporine, pathological bleeding.
gefitinib, ketoconazole, leflunomide, Genitourinary Warning: REDUCED EFFICACY IN
methotrexate Urinary tract infection [3] NONVALVULAR ATRIAL FIBRILLATION
Pregnancy category: N/A Hematologic PATIENTS WITH CRCL>95ml/min
Note: Individuals with atopy may be more likely Anemia [2] ISCHEMIC EVENTS ON PREMATURE
to experience an allergic reaction when taking Leukopenia [2] DISCONTINUATION
echinacea.
SPINAL/EDPIDURAL HEMATOMA
Skin EDARAVONE Skin

Rash (4%)
Angioedema [2] Trade name: Radicava (Mitsubishi Tanabe
Rash [3] Pharma) Mucosal
Urticaria [2] Indications: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Epistaxis (nosebleed) (5%)
Class: Antioxidant Gingival bleeding [2]
Half-life: 4–6 hours Oral bleeding (3%)
Hepatotoxicity [2]
Ocular interactions with: none known Diarrhea [2]
Ocular adverse effects [2] Pregnancy category: N/A (May cause fetal Gastrointestinal bleeding (4%)
Other toxicity based on findings in animal studies) Hepatotoxicity (5–8%) [2]
Adverse effects [10] Important contra-indications noted in the
Genitourinary
Allergic reactions [2] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Hematuria (2%) [2]
pediatric patients
Note: Radicava contains sodium bisulfite which Hematologic
may cause allergic type reactions. Anemia (2–10%)
ECULIZUMAB Bleeding (>5%) [13]
Trade name: Soliris (Alexion) Skin Other
Indications: Paroxysmal nocturnal Dermatitis (8%) [2] Adverse effects [4]
hemoglobinuria, atypical hemolytic uremic Eczema (7%) [3]
syndrome Hematoma (15%) [3]
Class: Complement inhibitor, Monoclonal Tinea (4%) [2] EFAVIRENZ
antibody Central Nervous System
Half-life: ~12 days Gait instability (13%) [3] Trade names: Atripla (Gilead), Sustiva (Bristol-
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Headache (10%) [3] Myers Squibb)
interactions with: none known Insomnia [2] Indications: HIV infection
Pregnancy category: C Class: Antiretroviral, CYP1A2 inhibitor, CYP3A4
inducer, Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Constipation [2]
inhibitor
pediatric patients Diarrhea [2]
Warning: SERIOUS MENINGOCOCCAL Dysphagia [3]
INFECTIONS Hepatotoxicity [2]
interactions with: alcohol, alprazolam,
Respiratory amprenavir, aripiprazole, artesunate, atazanavir,
Skin Hypoxia (6%) atorvastatin, atovaquone, benzodiazepines,
Peripheral edema [2] Nasopharyngitis [2] bepridil, boceprevir, bortezomib, brentuximab
Pruritus [2] Respiratory failure (6%) [3] vedotin, budesonide, buprenorphine, bupropion,
Genitourinary carbamazepine, carvedilol, caspofungin,
Mucosal
Glycosuria (4%) [3] chlordiazepoxide, cisapride, citalopram,
Nasal congestion [2]
clarithromycin, clonazepam, clopidogrel,
Cardiovascular Renal clorazepate, CNS depressants, cobimetinib,
Hypertension [2] Nephrotoxicity [2]
colchicine, conivaptan, crizotinib, cyclosporine,
Central Nervous System Other CYP2B6 inhibitors and inducers, CYP2C19
Fever [3] Adverse effects [2] substrates, CYP2C9 substrates, CYP3A4
Headache (44%) [6] substrates and inducers, darunavir, dasabuvir/
Insomnia [2] ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir, dasatinib,
EFAVIRENZ Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
deferasirox, deflazacort, diazepam, Hallucinations [2]

dihydroergotamine, diltiazem, dronedarone, Headache (2–8%) [3] EFLORNITHINE
elbasvir & grazoprevir, enzalutamide, eplerenone, Impaired concentration (3–5%) [5]
ergot, etravirine, everolimus, exemestane, Insomnia (7%) [4] Trade name: Vaniqa (Women First)
fentanyl, flurazepam, fosamprenavir, Nervousness (7%) Indications: Sleeping sickness, hypertrichosis
fosphenytoin, gefitinib, glecaprevir & pibrentasvir, Neuropsychiatric disturbances [2] Class: Ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor
grapefruit juice, guanfacine, halofantrine, Neurotoxicity [14] Half-life: 3–3.5 hours (intravenous); 8 hours
hydroxyzine, imatinib, indinavir, itraconazole, Nightmares [3] (topical)
ixabepilone, lapatinib, levomepromazine, Pain (<13%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
levonorgestrel, linagliptin, lopinavir, lorazepam, Paresthesias (<2%) interactions with: none known
lovastatin, lurasidone, maraviroc, methadone, Parosmia (<2%) Pregnancy category: C
methysergide, midazolam, mifepristone, Psychosis [7] Important contra-indications noted in the
neratinib, nevirapine, nifedipine, nilotinib, Sleep related disorder [2] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
nisoldipine, olaparib, ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ Somnolence (drowsiness) (2%) [3] pediatric patients
ritonavir, oral contraceptives, oxazepam, Suicidal ideation [5]
paclitaxel, palbociclib, pazopanib, phenytoin, Tremor (<2%) Skin
pimecrolimus, pimozide, posaconazole, Vertigo (dizziness) (2–9%) [15] Acneform eruption (24%)
pravastatin, praziquantel, progestogens, Neuromuscular/Skeletal Burning (4%)
propafenone, protease inhibitors, quazepam, Asthenia (fatigue) (2–8%) [3] Facial edema (3%)
raltegravir, ranolazine, rifabutin, rifampin, Myalgia/Myopathy (<2%) Pruritus (4%) [2]
rilpivirine, ritonavir, rivaroxaban, roflumilast, Rash (3%)
romidepsin, salmeterol, saquinavir, saxagliptin, Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Stinging (8%)
sertraline, simeprevir, simvastatin, sirolimus, Abdominal pain (2–3%) Xerosis (2%)
sofosbuvir & velpatasvir, sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/ Diarrhea (3–14%) [2]
Dyspepsia (4%) Hair
voxilaprevir, sonidegib, sorafenib, SSRIs, St John’s
Hepatic failure [2] Alopecia (5–10%)
wort, sunitinib, tacrolimus, tadalafil, telaprevir,
Hepatotoxicity [13] Ingrown (2%)
temazepam, ticagrelor, tipranavir, tocilizumab,
Nausea (2–10%) [3] Pseudofolliculitis barbae (5–15%)
tolvaptan, toremifene, triazolam, ulipristal,
vandetanib, vemurafenib, venetoclax, vilazodone, Vomiting (3–6%) Central Nervous System
vitamin K antagonists, voriconazole, warfarin, Endocrine/Metabolic Headache (5%)
zuclopenthixol ALT increased [2] Paresthesias (4%)
Pregnancy category: D Gynecomastia [15] Seizures (7%) [2]
Important contra-indications noted in the Vertigo (dizziness) (<10%)
Genitourinary
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Urolithiasis [3] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
mothers; pediatric patients Diarrhea (<10%)
Note: Atripla is efavirenz, emtricitabine and Hematologic Vomiting (<10%)
tenofovir disoproxil. Dyslipidemia [2]
Hematologic
Other Eosinophilia (<10%)
Skin Adverse effects [10]
Teratogenicity [4] Otic
DRESS syndrome [2]
Hearing impairment (<10%)
Eczema (<2%)
Erythema (11%)
Exanthems (27%) [3] EFINACONAZOLE ELAGOLIX SODIUM *
Exfoliative dermatitis (<2%)
Flushing (<2%) Trade name: Jublia (Valeant)
Folliculitis (<2%) Indications: Onychomycosis Trade name: Orilissa (AbbVie)
Hot flashes (<2%) Class: Antifungal Indications: indicated for the management of
Hypersensitivity [5] Half-life: 30 hours moderate to severe pain associated with
Lipodystrophy [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous endometriosis
Peripheral edema (<2%) interactions with: none known Class: Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
Photosensitivity [4] Pregnancy category: C antagonist
Pruritus (11%) Important contra-indications noted in the Half-life: 4–6 hours
Rash (26%) [16] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Stevens-Johnson syndrome [4] pediatric patients interactions with: none known
Toxicity [2] Pregnancy category: N/A (Exposure early in
Urticaria (<2%) pregnancy may increase the risk of early
Nails pregnancy loss.)
Hair Onychocryptosis (2%)
Alopecia (<2%) Local Skin
Mucosal Application-site dermatitis (2%) Flushing (24–46%)
Xerostomia (<2%) Application-site reactions [4] Rash (6%)
Cardiovascular Application-site vesicles (2%)
Thrombophlebitis (<2%)
Anxiety (3–5%)
Central Nervous System Depression (3–6%)
Abnormal dreams (<3%) [9] Headache (17–20%)
Aggression [2] Insomnia (6–9%)
Anorexia (<2%) Irritability (<5%)
Anxiety (13%) [4] Mood changes (5–6%)
Depression (19%) [9] Vertigo (dizziness) (<5%)
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (<2%)
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual ELOTUZUMAB
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Cardiovascular
Arthralgia (3–5%) ELETRIPTAN Palpitation (5%) [3]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Trade name: Relpax (Pfizer) Central Nervous System
Abdominal pain (<5%) Indications: Migraine headaches Headache (13–40%) [2]
Constipation (<5%) Class: 5-HT1 agonist, Serotonin receptor agonist, Migraine (10%)
Diarrhea (<5%) Triptan Vertigo (dizziness) (8%)
Nausea (11–16%) Half-life: 4–5 hours Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Endocrine/Metabolic Clinically important, potentially hazardous Asthenia (fatigue) (8–14%)
Amenorrhea (4–7%) interactions with: clarithromycin, Back pain (12%)
Libido decreased (<5%) dihydroergotamine, itraconazole, ketoconazole, Pain in extremities (11%)
Weight gain (<5%) methysergide, nefazodone, nelfinavir, paclitaxel, Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
ritonavir, SNRIs, SSRIs, telithromycin, triptans, Abdominal pain (10%) [2]
troleandomycin, voriconazole Constipation (5%)
ELBASVIR & Pregnancy category: C
Diarrhea (12%) [2]
Dyspepsia (7%)
GRAZOPREVIR prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Flatulence (10%)
pediatric patients Gastroesophageal reflux (7%)
Trade name: Zepatier (Merck) Note: Contra-indicated in patients with history, Nausea (10–12%)
Indications: Chronic hepatitis C virus genotypes symptoms, or signs of ischemic cardiac,
1 or 4 (with or without ribavirin) cerebrovascular, or peripheral vascular Respiratory
Class: Direct-acting antiviral, Hepatitis C virus syndromes, or in patients with uncontrolled Cough (7%)
NS3/4A protease inhibitor (grazoprevir), hypertension. Other
Hepatitis C virus NS5A inhibitor (elbasvir) Adverse effects [2]
Half-life: 24 hours (elbasvir); 31 hours Skin
(grazoprevir) Flushing (2%)
interactions with: atazanavir, atorvastatin,
Mucosal ELOSULFASE ALFA
Xerostomia (2–4%)
bosentan, carbamazepine, cobicistat/elvitegravir/ Trade name: Vimizim (BioMarin)
emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil, cyclosporine, Cardiovascular Indications: Mucopolysaccharidosis IVA
darunavir, efavirenz, fluvastatin, ketoconazole, Chest pain (<4%) [3] (Morquio A syndrome)
lopinavir, lovastatin, modafinil, moderate CYP3A Central Nervous System Class: Enzyme
inducers, nafcillin, OATP1B1/3 inhibitors, Headache (3–4%) Half-life: 8–36 minutes
phenytoin, rifampin, rosuvastatin, saquinavir, Neurotoxicity [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
simvastatin, strong CYP3A inducers, tacrolimus, Paresthesias (3–4%) interactions with: none known
tipranavir Somnolence (drowsiness) (3–7%) [2] Pregnancy category: C
Pregnancy category: N/A (No available data; Vertigo (dizziness) (3–7%) Important contra-indications noted in the
contra-indicated in pregnant women and in men Warm feeling (2%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
with pregnant partners when administered with pediatric patients
ribavirin) Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Asthenia (fatigue) (4–10%) [4] Warning: RISK OF ANAPHYLAXIS
prescribing guidelines for: pediatric patients Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Note: Contra-indicated in patients with Abdominal pain (<2%) Skin
moderate or severe hepatic impairment (Child- Dyspepsia (<2%) Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis (8%)
Pugh B or C). Dysphagia (<2%) Hypersensitivity (19%) [2]
Nausea (3–7%) [5] Central Nervous System
Central Nervous System Vomiting [2] Chills (10%)
Headache (10–11%) [9] Other Fever (33%)
Adverse effects [2] Headache (26%)
Asthenia (fatigue) (5–11%) [9] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Abdominal pain (2%) ELIGLUSTAT Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Diarrhea (2%) [2] Abdominal pain (21%)
Hepatotoxicity [2] Trade name: Cerdelga (Genzyme) Nausea (24%)
Nausea (11%) [8] Indications: Gaucher disease Vomiting (31%) [2]
Class: Glucosylceramide synthase inhibitor Local
Hematologic Half-life: 7–9 hours
Anemia [2] Infusion-related reactions [2]
Other interactions with: carbamazepine, grapefruit
Adverse effects [2] juice, phenobarbital, phenytoin, rifampin, St John’s
wort, strong or moderate CYP2D6 inhibitors ELOTUZUMAB
Important contra-indications noted in the Trade name: Empliciti (Bristol-Myers Squibb)
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Indications: Multiple myeloma (in combination
pediatric patients with lenalidomide and dexamethasone) in patients
who have received one to three prior therapies
Class: Monoclonal antibody
Skin Half-life: N/A
Rash (5%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Mucosal interactions with: none known
Oropharyngeal pain (10%)
ELOTUZUMAB See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Pregnancy category: N/A (Embryo-fetal toxicity Renal

with combination dosage) ELTROMBOPAG Renal failure [3]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Trade names: Promacta (Novartis), Revolade
(Novartis) Bleeding [3]
pediatric patients Myelotoxicity [2]
Note: See separate entries for dexamethasone Indications: Thrombocytopenic purpura, severe
aplastic anemia in patients with insufficient Neutropenia [2]
and lenalidomide. Thrombocytopenia [2]
response to immunosuppressive therapy
Class: Thrombopoietin receptor (TPO) agonist Thrombosis [6]
Skin Half-life: 21–32 hours Ocular
Flushing [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous Cataract (5%) [3]
Herpes zoster (14%) interactions with: antacids, atorvastatin, dairy
Hyperhidrosis (>5%) Other
products, eluxadoline, lopinavir, mineral Adverse effects [8]
Hypersensitivity (>5%) [2] supplements, olmesartan, rosuvastatin, selenium,
Peripheral edema [5] zinc
Rash [2] Pregnancy category: C
Mucosal Important contra-indications noted in the ELUXADOLINE
Oropharyngeal pain (10%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
pediatric patients Trade name: Viberzi (Forest)
Cardiovascular Indications: Irritable bowel syndrome with
Chest pain (>5%) [3] Warning: RISK FOR HEPATIC
DECOMPENSATION IN PATIENTS WITH diarrhea
Tachycardia [2] Class: Opioid mu receptor agonist
CHRONIC HEPATITIS C
Central Nervous System Half-life: 4–6 hours
Anorexia [3] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Chills [4] Skin interactions with: alfentanil, alosetron,
Fever (37%) [7] Peripheral edema (3–4%) anticholinergics, atazanavir, bupropion,
Headache (15%) [5] Pigmentation [2] ciprofloxacin, clarithromycin, cyclosporine,
Hypoesthesia (>5%) Rash (3–7%) dihydroergotamine, eltrombopag, ergotamine,
Insomnia [4] Hair fentanyl, fluconazole, gemfibrozil, lopinavir,
Mood changes (>5%) Alopecia (2%) opioids, paroxetine hydrochloride, paroxetine
Neurotoxicity [2] Mucosal mesylate, pimozide, quinidine, rifampin, ritonavir,
Peripheral neuropathy (27%) [3] Oropharyngeal pain (4%) rosuvastatin, saquinavir, sirolimus, tacrolimus,
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Xerostomia (2%) tipranavir
Arthralgia [2] Pregnancy category: N/A (Insufficient evidence
Cardiovascular to inform drug-associated risk)
Asthenia (fatigue) (62%) [11] Myocardial infarction [2]
Back pain [3] Important contra-indications noted in the
Thromboembolism [5] prescribing guidelines for: pediatric patients
Muscle spasm [4] Venous thromboembolism [3]
Pain in extremities (16%) Note: Contra-indicated in patients with known
Central Nervous System or suspected biliary duct obstruction, or sphincter
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (4%) of Oddi disease or dysfunction; alcoholism,
Constipation (36%) [5] Fever [2] alcohol abuse, alcohol addiction, or drink more
Diarrhea (47%) [7] Headache (10–21%) [12] than 3 alcoholic beverages/day; a history of
Nausea [5] Ischemic stroke [2] pancreatitis; structural diseases of the pancreas,
Vomiting (15%) [4] Paresthesias (3%) including known or suspected pancreatic duct
Respiratory Neuromuscular/Skeletal obstruction; severe hepatic impairment (Child-
Cough [4] Arthralgia (3%) [2] Pugh Class C); severe constipation or sequelae
Dyspnea [5] Asthenia (fatigue) (3–4%) [5] from constipation, or known or suspected
Nasopharyngitis (25%) Back pain (3%) mechanical gastrointestinal obstruction.
Pneumonia (20%) [5] Myalgia/Myopathy (5%)
Upper respiratory tract infection (23%) [2] Pain in extremities (7%) Skin
Endocrine/Metabolic Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Rash (3%)
ALP increased (39%) Abdominal pain [2] Central Nervous System
Appetite decreased (21%) Constipation [2] Euphoria (<2%)
Hyperglycemia (89%) [2] Diarrhea (9%) [2] Sedation (<2%)
Hyperkalemia (32%) Hepatotoxicity [5] Somnolence (drowsiness) (<2%)
Hypocalcemia (78%) Nausea (4–9%) [5] Vertigo (dizziness) (3%) [2]
Hypokalemia [4] Vomiting (6%)
Serum creatinine increased [3] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Weight loss (14%) [2] Respiratory Abdominal distension (3%) [2]
Cough (5%) Abdominal pain (6–7%) [4]
Hematologic Nasopharyngitis [3] Constipation (7–8%) [7]
Anemia [4] Pharyngitis (4%) Flatulence (3%)
Leukopenia (91%) [3] Upper respiratory tract infection (7%) [2] Gastroenteritis (<3%) [2]
Lymphopenia (13–99%) [6] Gastroesophageal reflux (<2%)
Neutropenia [8] Endocrine/Metabolic
ALP increased (2%) Nausea (7–8%) [5]
Thrombocytopenia (84%) [5] Pancreatitis [6]
ALT increased (5–6%) [5]
Ocular AST increased (4%) Vomiting (4%) [3]
Cataract (12%) Respiratory
Genitourinary
Local Urinary tract infection (5%) Asthma (<2%)
Infusion-related reactions (10%) [10] Bronchitis (3%)
Bronchospasm (<2%)
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual ENALAPRIL
Nasopharyngitis (3–4%) [2] Pregnancy category: B

Respiratory failure (<2%) Important contra-indications noted in the EMTRICITABINE/
Wheezing (<2%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers
Note: Emtricitabine is a fluorinated derivative of
RILPIVIRINE/
Endocrine/Metabolic
ALT increased (2–3%) lamivudine. Atripla is emtricitabine, efavirenz and
tenofovir disoproxil; Complera is emtricitabine,
TENOFOVIR
AST increased (<2%)
Other
rilpivirine and tenofovir disoproxil; Descovy is ALAFENAMIDE
emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide; Truvada
Adverse effects [2] is emtricitabine and tenofovir disoproxil. See also Trade name: Odefsey (Gilead)
separate profiles for emtricitabine in combination Indications: HIV-1 infection
with cobicistat, elvitegravir and tenofovir Class: Hepatitis B virus necleoside analog reverse
EMPAGLIFLOZIN disoproxil or tenofovir alafenamide. transcriptase inhibitor (tenofovir alafenamide),
Warning: LACTIC ACIDOSIS / SEVERE Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor
Trade names: Glyxambi (Boehringer Ingelheim), HEPATOMEGALY WITH STEATOSIS and POST (rilpivirine), Nucleoside analog reverse
Jardiance (Boehringer Ingelheim), Synjardy TREATMENT EXACERBATION OF HEPATITIS transcriptase inhibitor (emtricitabine)
(Boehringer Ingelheim) B Half-life: 10 hours (emtricitabine); 50 hours
Indications: Type II diabetes mellitus (rilpivirine); <1 hour (tenofovir alafenamide)
Class: Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) Skin Clinically important, potentially hazardous
inhibitor Exanthems (17%) interactions with: carbamazepine,
Half-life: 12 hours Pigmentation (palms and soles) (32%) dexamethasone, dexlansoprazole, esomeprazole,
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Pruritus (17–30%) lansoprazole, omeprazole, oxcarbazepine,
interactions with: none known Pustules (17–30%) pantoprazole, phenobarbital, phenytoin,
Pregnancy category: C Rash (17–30%) [5] rabeprazole, rifampin, rifapentine, St John’s wort
Important contra-indications noted in the Urticaria (17–30%) Pregnancy category: N/A (Insufficient evidence
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Vesiculobullous eruption (17–30%) to inform drug-associated risk)
pediatric patients Important contra-indications noted in the
Note: Contra-indicated in patients with severe Central Nervous System prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
renal impairment, end stage renal disease, or on Abnormal dreams (2–11%) [3] pediatric patients
dialysis. Glyxambi is empagliflozin and linagliptin; Anxiety [2] Warning: LACTIC ACIDOSIS/SEVERE
Synjardy is empagliflozin and metformin. Depression (6–9%) HEPATOMEGALY WITH STEATOSIS and POST
Fever (18%) TREATMENT ACUTE EXACERBATION OF
Headache (13–22%) [5] HEPATITIS B
Central Nervous System Insomnia (7–16%)
Headache [2] Neurotoxicity [5]
Vertigo (dizziness) [2] Paresthesias (6%) Central Nervous System
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Peripheral neuropathy (4%) Depression (<2%)
Constipation [2] Somnolence (drowsiness) [2] Headache (<2%)
Vertigo (dizziness) (4–25%) [4] Insomnia (<2%)
Respiratory
Nasopharyngitis [4] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Endocrine/Metabolic Arthralgia (3–5%)
Hypoglycemia [5] Asthenia (fatigue) (12–16%) [4] ENALAPRIL
Genitourinary Trade names: Innovace (Merck Sharpe &
Genital mycotic infections (2–6%) [10] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Dohme), Lexxel (AstraZeneca), Teczem (Sanofi-
Pollakiuria [3] Abdominal pain (8–14%) [2] Aventis), Vaseretic (Valeant), Vasotec (Valeant)
Urinary frequency (3%) Diarrhea (20–23%) [6] Indications: Hypertension, symptomatic
Urinary tract infection (8–9%) [10] Dyspepsia (4–8%) congestive heart failure, asymptomatic left
Gastroenteritis (11%) ventricular dysfunction
Other Hepatic failure [2]
Adverse effects [7] Class: Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)
Hepatotoxicity [2] inhibitor, Antihypertensive, Vasodilator
Death [2] Nausea (13–18%) [7]
Dipsia (thirst) (2%) Half-life: 11 hours
Vomiting (9–23%) [4] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Respiratory interactions with: alcohol, aldesleukin,
Cough (14–28%) allopurinol, alpha blockers, alprostadil, amifostine,
EMTRICITABINE Pneumonia (15%) amiloride, angiotensin II receptor antagonists,
Rhinitis (12–20%) antacids, antidiabetics, antihypertensives,
Trade names: Atripla (Gilead), Complera antipsychotics, anxiolytics and hypnotics,
(Gilead), Descovy (Gilead), Emtriva (Gilead), Hematologic
Anemia (7%) aprotinin, azathioprine, baclofen, beta blockers,
Truvada (Gilead) calcium channel blockers, clonidine, conivaptan,
Indications: HIV-1 infection Otic corticosteroids, cyclosporine, CYP3A4 inducers,
Class: Antiretroviral, Nucleoside analog reverse Otitis media (23%) deferasirox, diazoxide, diuretics, eplerenone,
transcriptase inhibitor Other estrogens, everolimus, general anesthetics, gold &
Half-life: ~10 hours Adverse effects [5] gold compounds, grapefruit juice, heparins,
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Allergic reactions (17–30%) hydralazine, hypotensives, insulin, levodopa,
interactions with: cobicistat/elvitegravir/ Infection (44%) lithium, MAO inhibitors, metformin, methyldopa,
emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil, ganciclovir, methylphenidate, minoxidil, moxisylyte,
lamivudine, ribavirin, valganciclovir moxonidine, nitrates, nitroprusside, NSAIDs,
pentoxifylline, phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors,
potassium salts, prostacyclin analogues, quinine,
rituximab, salicylates, sirolimus, spironolactone,
ENALAPRIL Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
sulfonylureas, tadalafil, temsirolimus, tizanidine, Central Nervous System

tolvaptan, triamterene, trimethoprim ENASIDENIB Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (6–13%)
Pregnancy category: D (category C in first Fever (18%)
trimester; category D in second and third Trade name: Idhifa (Celgene) Headache (22%)
trimesters) Indications: Relapsed or refractory acute Paresis (<10%)
Important contra-indications noted in the myeloid leukemia Peripheral neuropathy (12%)
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers Class: Isocitrate dehydrogenase-2 inhibitor Vertigo (dizziness) (15%)
Note: Lexxel is enalapril and felodipine; Teczem Half-life: 137 hours
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Neuromuscular/Skeletal
is enalapril and diltiazem; Vaseretic is enalapril and Arthralgia (26–44%)
hydrochlorothiazide. Hydrochlorothiazide is a interactions with: none known
Pregnancy category: N/A (Can cause fetal Asthenia (fatigue) (43%)
sulfonamide and can be absorbed systemically. Back pain (9–15%)
Sulfonamides can produce severe, possibly fatal, harm)
Important contra-indications noted in the Myalgia/Myopathy (23–33%) [2]
reactions such as toxic epidermal necrolysis and Pain in extremities (11%)
Stevens-Johnson syndrome. prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Contra-indicated in patients with a history of pediatric patients Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
angioedema with or without previous ACE Warning: DIFFERENTIATION SYNDROME Abdominal pain (28%)
inhibitor treatment. Constipation (22%)
Warning: FETAL TOXICITY Skin Nausea (41%)
Differentiation syndrome (14%) [2] Pancreatitis (<10%)
Tumor lysis syndrome (6%) Vomiting (30%)
Skin
Angioedema [73] Cardiovascular Endocrine/Metabolic
Bullous pemphigoid [2] Pulmonary edema (<10%) ALP increased (21%)
Exanthems [9] ALT increased (29%)
Central Nervous System AST increased (27%)
Flushing [4] Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (12%)
Lichenoid eruption [2] GGT increased (45%)
Lupus erythematosus [2] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Hyperglycemia (28%)
Pemphigus [11] Diarrhea (43%) Hypermagnesemia (10%)
Pemphigus foliaceus [2] Nausea (50%) Hyponatremia (18%)
Peripheral edema [2] Vomiting (34%) Serum creatinine increased (93%)
Photosensitivity [2] Respiratory Hematologic
Pruritus [3] Acute respiratory distress syndrome Anemia (36%)
Psoriasis [3] (<10%) Hemorrhage (19%)
Rash [5] Leukopenia (13%)
Endocrine/Metabolic
Urticaria [5] Lymphopenia (13%)
Vasculitis [2] Neutropenia (13%)
Hyperbilirubinemia (81%)
Mucosal Hypocalcemia (74%)
Oral lesions [4] Hypokalemia (41%)
Oral ulceration [2] Hypophosphatemia (27%) ENFUVIRTIDE
Tongue edema [2]
Hematologic
Cardiovascular Leukocytosis (12%) Trade name: Fuzeon (Roche)
Hypotension [2] Indications: HIV-1 infection (in combination with
other antiretroviral agents)
Central Nervous System Class: Antiretroviral, HIV cell fusion inhibitor
Ageusia (taste loss) [4] ENCORAFENIB * Half-life: 3.8 hours
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (<10%) [7] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Headache (5%) Trade name: Braftovi (Array Biopharma Inc) interactions with: darunavir, indinavir, tipranavir
Vertigo (dizziness) (4–8%) [2] Indications: in combination with binimetinib, for Pregnancy category: B
Neuromuscular/Skeletal the treatment of patients with unresectable or Important contra-indications noted in the
Asthenia (fatigue) (<3%) metastatic melanoma with a BRAF V600E or prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Pseudopolymyalgia [2] V600K mutation mothers
Class: Kinase inhibitor
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Half-life: 3.5 hours
Hepatotoxicity [3] Clinically important, potentially hazardous Skin
Pancreatitis [2] interactions with: none known Folliculitis (2%)
Respiratory Pregnancy category: N/A (can cause fetal harm) Herpes simplex (4%)
Cough (8–23%) [40] Important contra-indications noted in the Hypersensitivity [3]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers Papillomas (4%)
Endocrine/Metabolic Pruritus (62%)
Hyperkalemia [4]
SIADH [3] Skin Mucosal
Acneform eruption (3–8%) Xerostomia (2%)
Renal
Nephrotoxicity [2] Erythema (7–16%) Central Nervous System
Hand–foot syndrome (7–51%) [2] Anorexia (2%)
Other Hyperkeratosis (23–57%) Depression (9%)
Adverse effects [9] Panniculitis (<10%)
Pruritus (13–31%) Asthenia (fatigue) (16%) [2]
Rash (22–41%) Myalgia/Myopathy (3%)
Xerosis (16–38%) Pain in extremities (3%)
Hair Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Alopecia (14–56%) Abdominal pain (4%)
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual ENTECAVIR
Pancreatitis (3%) Erythema (<10%) [2] Flatulence (2%)

Respiratory Exanthems [2] Nausea (14%) [3]
Cough (4%) Hematoma [11] Vomiting (4%)
Flu-like syndrome (2%) Hypersensitivity [7] Respiratory
Pneumonia (3%) Necrosis [5] Dyspnea (3%)
Sinusitis (6%) Peripheral edema (3%)
Pruritus [2] Genitourinary
Endocrine/Metabolic Purpura (<10%) Melanuria (10%) [2]
ALT increased (<4%)
Appetite decreased (3%) Cardiovascular
Venous thromboembolism [2]
Creatine phosphokinase increased (3–7%)
Weight loss (7%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
ENTECAVIR
Hematologic Hepatotoxicity [5] Trade name: Baraclude (Bristol-Myers Squibb)
Eosinophilia (2–9%) Endocrine/Metabolic Indications: Chronic hepatitis B virus infection
Ocular ALT increased [4] Class: Antiviral, Guanosine nucleoside analog
Conjunctivitis (2%) AST increased [3] Half-life: ~24 hours
Genitourinary Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Local interactions with: none known
Injection-site bruising (52%) Hematuria [2]
Injection-site erythema (91%) Hematologic Important contra-indications noted in the
Injection-site induration (90%) Bleeding [9] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Injection-site nodules (80%) [4] Hemorrhage [4] pediatric patients
Injection-site pain (96%) Thrombocytopenia [6] Warning: SEVERE ACUTE EXACERBATIONS
Injection-site pruritus (65%) Local OF HEPATITIS B, PATIENTS CO-INFECTED
Injection-site reactions (98%) [27] Injection-site necrosis [4] WITH HIV AND HBV, and LACTIC ACIDOSIS
Injection-site scleroderma [2] Injection-site plaques [2] AND HEPATOMEGALY
Other Other
Infection [3] Adverse effects [4] Skin
Death [2] Rash [2]
Hair
ENOXAPARIN Alopecia [2]
Trade names: Clexane (Sanofi-Aventis), Lovenox
ENTACAPONE Central Nervous System
(Sanofi-Aventis) Headache (2–4%) [4]
Trade names: Comtan (Orion), Comtess Neurotoxicity [3]
Indications: Prevention of deep vein thrombosis, (Orion), Stalevo (Orion)
ischemic complications of unstable angina and Peripheral neuropathy [2]
Indications: Parkinsonism Vertigo (dizziness) [2]
non-Q wave myocardial infarction, treatment of Class: Catechol-O-methyl transferase inhibitor
acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction Half-life: 2.4 hours Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Class: Heparin, low molecular weight Clinically important, potentially hazardous Asthenia (fatigue) (<3%) [7]
Half-life: 4.5 hours interactions with: amitriptyline, MAO Myalgia/Myopathy [3]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous inhibitors, paroxetine hydrochloride, phenelzine, Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
interactions with: ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II rasagiline, tranylcypromine, venlafaxine Abdominal pain [3]
receptor antagonists, anticoagulants, aspirin, Pregnancy category: C Diarrhea [2]
butabarbital, clopidogrel, danaparoid, diclofenac, Important contra-indications noted in the Nausea [2]
dipyridamole, drotrecogin alfa, iloprost, infused prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Pancreatitis [3]
nitrates, ketorolac, NSAIDs, platelet inhibitors, pediatric patients
rivaroxaban, salicylates, sulfinpyrazone Respiratory
Pregnancy category: B Cough [2]
Important contra-indications noted in the Skin Upper respiratory tract infection [2]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Diaphoresis (2%) Endocrine/Metabolic
pediatric patients Purpura (2%) Acidosis [6]
Note: Epidural or spinal hematomas may occur Mucosal ALT increased (2–12%) [2]
in patients who are anticoagulated with low Xerostomia (3%) Creatine phosphokinase increased (<2%)
molecular weight heparins or heparinoids and are Central Nervous System Hypophosphatemia [2]
receiving neuraxial anesthesia or undergoing Anxiety (2%) Genitourinary
spinal puncture. Dyskinesia (25%) [3] Hematuria (9%)
Contra-indicated in patients with active major Hyperactivity (10%)
bleeding; thrombocytopenia with a positive in Other
Hypokinesia (9%) Adverse effects [4]
vitro test for anti-platelet antibody in the presence Parkinsonism (17%)
of enoxaparin; hypersensitivity to heparin or pork Somnolence (drowsiness) (2%)
products; hypersensitivity to benzyl alcohol Vertigo (dizziness) (8%) [2]
(multi-dose formulation only).
Warning: SPINAL/EPIDURAL HEMATOMA Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Back pain (4%)
Skin
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [3] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Angioedema [2] Abdominal pain (8%)
Bullous dermatitis [7] Constipation (6%)
Ecchymoses (2%) Diarrhea (10%) [3]
Edema (3%) Dyspepsia (2%)
ENZALUTAMIDE See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Appetite decreased [6] Skin

ENZALUTAMIDE Gynecomastia [2] Dermatitis [5]
Weight loss [3] Diaphoresis (<10%)
Trade name: Xtandi (Medivation) Fixed eruption [6]
Indications: Metastatic castration-resistant Genitourinary
Hematuria (7%) [2] Pallor (<10%)
prostate cancer in patients who have previously Urticaria [2]
received docetaxel Pollakiuria (5%)
Class: Androgen antagonist Urinary tract infection [2] Mucosal
Half-life: 8–9 days Hematologic Xerostomia (<10%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Anemia [3] Central Nervous System
interactions with: alfentanil, bosentan, Neutropenia (15%) Trembling (<10%)
carbamazepine, copanlisib, cyclosporine, Thrombocytopenia [2] Tremor (<10%)
dihydroergotamine, efavirenz, ergotamine, Other
fentanyl, gemfibrozil, itraconazole, midazolam, Adverse effects [6]
midostaurin, modafinil, nafcillin, neratinib,
omeprazole, phenobarbital, phenytoin, pimozide,
Death [3] EPINEPHRINE
quinidine, rifabutin, rifampin, rifapentine, Synonym: adrenaline
sirolimus, St John’s wort, tacrolimus, warfarin
Pregnancy category: X (not indicated for use in EPHEDRA Trade names: Adrenaclick (Amedra), Adrenalin
(JHP Pharmaceuticals), Auvi-Q (Sanofi-Aventis),
women) Epipen (Mylan)
Important contra-indications noted in the Family: Gnetaceae
Scientific names: Ephedra equisetina, Ephedra Indications: Cardiac arrest, hay fever, asthma,
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; anaphylaxis
pediatric patients intermedia, Ephedra sinica, Ephedra vulgaris
Indications: Bronchospasm, asthma, bronchitis, Class: Catecholamine, Sympathomimetic
allergy, appetite suppressant, colds, flu, fever, Half-life: N/A
Skin chills, edema, headache, anhidrosis, diuretic, joint Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Hot flashes (20%) [11] and bone pain interactions with: albuterol, alpha blockers,
Peripheral edema (15%) [3] Class: Ephedrine alkaloid, Stimulant amitriptyline, amoxapine, atenolol, beta blockers,
Pruritus (4%) Half-life: N/A carteolol, chlorpromazine, clomipramine,
Xerosis (4%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous clozapine, cocaine, desipramine, doxepin,
Mucosal interactions with: acetazolamide, amitriptyline, ergotamine, furazolidone, halothane, imipramine,
Epistaxis (nosebleed) (3%) caffeine, clevidipine, cocoa, corticosteroids, insulin aspart, insulin degludec, insulin detemir,
guanethidine, guarana, MAO inhibitors, insulin glargine, insulin glulisine, levalbuterol,
Cardiovascular lisdexamfetamine, lurasidone, MAO inhibitors,
Cardiotoxicity [2] phenelzine, selegiline, sibutramine, sodium
bicarbonate metoprolol, milnacipran, nadolol, nortriptyline,
Hypertension (6%) [5] oxprenolol, penbutolol, phenelzine,
Note: Banned in the USA.
Central Nervous System phenoxybenzamine, phenylephrine, pindolol,
Amnesia (>2%) prazosin, propranolol, protriptyline,
Anxiety (7%) Cardiovascular sympathomimetics, terbutaline, thioridazine,
Cognitive impairment (4%) Cardiotoxicity [2] timolol, tranylcypromine, tricyclic
Gait instability [3] Hypertension [4] antidepressants, trimipramine, vasopressors
Hallucinations (2%) Palpitation [2] Pregnancy category: C
Headache (12%) [4] Tachycardia [3] Important contra-indications noted in the
Hypoesthesia (4%) Central Nervous System prescribing guidelines for: the elderly
Insomnia (9%) Seizures [7]
Paresthesias (7%) [2] Other Skin
Seizures [13] Adverse effects [4] Dermatitis [4]
Spinal cord compression (7%) Death [5] Diaphoresis (<10%) [2]
Vertigo (dizziness) (10%) [2] Side effects [2] Flushing (<10%)
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Necrosis [3]
Arthralgia (21%) [5] Pemphigus (cicatricial) [2]
Back pain (26%) [6]
EPHEDRINE Cardiovascular
Arrhythmias [3]
Bone or joint pain (15%) [8] Trade names: Rynatuss (MedPointe), Vicks Chest pain [2]
Fractures (4%) [2] Vatronol (Procter & Gamble) Hypertension [3]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Indications: Nasal congestion, acute hypotensive Hypotension [4]
Constipation [4] states, asthma Myocardial infarction [5]
Diarrhea (22%) [10] Class: Adrenergic alpha-receptor agonist, Palpitation [3]
Hepatotoxicity [2] Sympathomimetic QT prolongation [2]
Nausea [5] Half-life: 3–6 hours Ventricular tachycardia [2]
Respiratory Clinically important, potentially hazardous Central Nervous System
Bronchitis (>2%) interactions with: antihypertensives, Anxiety [2]
Laryngitis (>2%) dexamethasone, furazolidone, guanethidine, Trembling (<10%)
Nasopharyngitis (>2%) iobenguane, levomepromazine, MAO inhibitors, Tremor [3]
Pharyngitis (>2%) methyldopa, oxprenolol, phenelzine,
phenylpropanolamine, selegiline, Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Pneumonia (>2%) Nausea [2]
Sinusitis (>2%) tranylcypromine, tricyclic antidepressants
Upper respiratory tract infection (11%) [3] Pregnancy category: C
Endocrine/Metabolic prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers
ALT increased (10%)
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual EPROSARTAN
Skin
EPIRUBICIN EPOETIN ALFA Diaphoresis (41%)
Flushing [6]
Trade name: Ellence (Pfizer) Synonyms: erythropoietin; EPO Pruritus (4%)
Indications: Adjuvant therapy in primary breast Trade names: Epogen (Amgen), Eprex (Janssen- Rash (10%) [2]
cancer Cilag), Procrit (Ortho)
Class: Antibiotic, anthracycline Indications: Anemia Cardiovascular
Half-life: 33 hours Class: Erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA), Bradycardia (5%) [2]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Erythropoietin Cardiac failure (31%)
interactions with: amlodipine, bepridil, Half-life: 4–13 hours (in patients with chronic Chest pain (11%) [2]
cimetidine, diltiazem, felodipine, isradipine, renal failure) Hypotension (16%) [5]
nicardipine, nifedipine, nimodipine, nisoldipine, Clinically important, potentially hazardous Tachycardia (35%) [2]
verapamil interactions with: none known Central Nervous System
Pregnancy category: D Pregnancy category: C Agitation (11%)
Important contra-indications noted in the Important contra-indications noted in the Anxiety (21%) [2]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers Chills (25%)
Warning: SEVERE OR LIFE-THREATENING Warning: ERYTHROPOIESIS-STIMULATING Fever (25%)
HEMATOLOGICAL AND OTHER ADVERSE AGENTS (ESAs) INCREASE THE RISK OF Headache (83%) [13]
REACTIONS DEATH, MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION, Insomnia (9%)
STROKE, VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM, Paresthesias (12%)
Skin THROMBOSIS OF VASCULAR ACCESS AND Seizures (4%)
Erythroderma (5%) TUMOR PROGRESSION OR RECURRENCE Somnolence (drowsiness) (4%)
Hand–foot syndrome [5] Syncope (13%)
Hot flashes (5–39%) Skin Tremor (21%)
Pruritus (9%) Angioedema (<5%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Rash (<9%) [2] Edema (17%) Back pain (13%)
Vasculitis [2] Pruritus (12–21%) [2] Jaw pain (54%) [6]
Hair Rash (2–19%) Myalgia/Myopathy (44%)
Alopecia (69–95%) [18] Cardiovascular Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Mucosal Hypertension (3–28%) Abdominal pain (14%)
Mucositis [5] Central Nervous System Diarrhea [2]
Stomatitis [9] Fever (10–42%) [2] Nausea [5]
Cardiovascular Headache (5–18%) Respiratory
Cardiotoxicity [3] Paresthesias (11%) Alveolar hemorrhage (pulmonary) [2]
QT prolongation [3] Neuromuscular/Skeletal Dyspnea (2%)
Arthralgia (10–16%) Flu-like syndrome (25%)
Central Nervous System Pneumonia [2]
Anorexia [5] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) [2] Constipation [2] Endocrine/Metabolic
Fever [2] Nausea (35–56%) Weight loss (27%)
Headache [2] Respiratory Hematologic
Neurotoxicity [2] Cough (4–26%) Sepsis (25%)
Peripheral neuropathy [4] Dyspnea [2] Local
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Hematologic Injection-site infection (21%)
Arthralgia [2] Thrombocytopenia [2] Injection-site pain (13%)
Asthenia (fatigue) (6%) [9] Other
Myalgia/Myopathy (55%) [5] Ocular
Hallucinations, visual [2] Adverse effects [3]
Abdominal pain [2] Local
Constipation [3] Injection-site reactions (7%)
Diarrhea [7]
EPROSARTAN
Hepatotoxicity [2] Trade name: Teveten (AbbVie)
Nausea [13] EPOPROSTENOL Indications: Hypertension
Vomiting [11] Class: Angiotensin II receptor antagonist
Endocrine/Metabolic Trade names: Flolan (GSK), Veletri (Actelion) (blocker), Antihypertensive
ALT increased [2] Indications: Pulmonary arterial hypertension Half-life: 5–9 hours
Amenorrhea [2] Class: Peripheral vasodilator Clinically important, potentially hazardous
AST increased [2] Half-life: 6 minutes interactions with: none known
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Pregnancy category: D (category C in first
Hematologic interactions with: anticoagulants,
Anemia [9] trimester; category D in second and third
antihypertensives, diuretics, vasodilators trimesters)
Febrile neutropenia [5] Pregnancy category: B
Leukopenia [4] Important contra-indications noted in the
Neutropenia [13] prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Thrombocytopenia [5] pediatric patients
mothers; pediatric patients Warning: FETAL TOXICITY
Local Note: Contra-indicated in patients with heart
Injection-site reactions (3–20%) failure induced by reduced left ventricular ejection
fraction. Central Nervous System
Other Dysgeusia (taste perversion) [2]
Allergic reactions [2] Vertigo (dizziness) [2]
EPROSARTAN Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Arthralgia (2%) Diarrhea (2%) ERIBULIN
Asthenia (fatigue) (2%) Nausea (7%) [2]
Vomiting (4%) Trade name: Halaven (Eisai)
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Indications: Metastatic breast cancer in patients
Abdominal pain (2%) Local who have previously received at least two
Respiratory Infusion-related reactions (8%) chemotherapeutic regimens (prior therapy should
Cough (4%) [3] have included an anthracycline and a taxane in
Pharyngitis (4%) either the adjuvant or metastatic setting),
Rhinitis (4%) ERGOMETRINE unresectable or metastatic liposarcoma in
Upper respiratory tract infection (8%) [2] patients who have received a prior anthracycline-
Other Trade name: Ergometrine (Hameln) containing regimen
Adverse effects [3] Indications: Management of the third stage of Class: Antineoplastic, Microtubule inhibitor
labor and in the treatment of postpartum Half-life: 40 hours
hemorrhage Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Class: Amine alkaloid interactions with: none known
EPTIFIBATIDE Half-life: N/A Pregnancy category: N/A (No available data but
Clinically important, potentially hazardous caused embryo-fetal toxicity in animal studies)
Trade name: Integrilin (Merck) interactions with: halothane, sympathomimetic Important contra-indications noted in the
Indications: Acute coronary syndrome, unstable agents prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
angina Important contra-indications noted in the pediatric patients
Class: Antiplatelet, Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Skin
interactions with: anticoagulants, antiplatelet Cardiovascular Peripheral edema (5–10%)
agents, collagenase, dasatinib, drotrecogin alfa, Myocardial infarction [4] Rash (5–10%)
fondaparinux, glucosamine, ibritumomab, Myocardial ischemia [3] Hair
iloprost, lepirudin, NSAIDs, pentoxifylline, Alopecia (45%) [10]
salicylates, thrombolytic agents, tositumomab & Mucosal
iodine131 ERGOTAMINE Mucosal inflammation (9%)
Pregnancy category: B Stomatitis (5–10%)
Important contra-indications noted in the Trade name: Wigrettes (Organon) Xerostomia (5–10%)
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Indications: Migraine, migraine variants
pediatric patients Class: Ergot alkaloid Central Nervous System
Note: Contra-indicated in patients with a history Half-life: 2 hours Anorexia (20%) [3]
of bleeding diathesis, or evidence of active Clinically important, potentially hazardous Depression (5–10%)
abnormal bleeding within the previous 30 days; interactions with: acebutolol, almotriptan, Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (5–10%)
severe hypertension not adequately controlled on amprenavir, azithromycin, boceprevir, ceritinib, Fever (21%)
antihypertensive therapy; major surgery within chlortetracycline, crizotinib, darunavir, dasabuvir/ Headache (19%)
the preceding 6 weeks; history of stroke within ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir, dasatinib, Insomnia (5–10%)
30 days or any history of hemorrhagic stroke; delavirdine, demeclocycline, doxycycline, Neurotoxicity [7]
current or planned administration of another eluxadoline, enzalutamide, epinephrine, Peripheral neuropathy (35%) [28]
parenteral GP IIb/IIIa inhibitor; or dependency on erythromycin, indinavir, itraconazole, letermovir, Vertigo (dizziness) (5–10%)
renal dialysis. lopinavir, lymecycline, methylergonovine, Neuromuscular/Skeletal
mifepristone, minocycline, naratriptan, nelfinavir, Arthralgia (22%)
Cardiovascular nilotinib, ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir, Asthenia (fatigue) (54%) [32]
Hypotension (7%) oxytetracycline, posaconazole, propyphenazone, Back pain (16%)
ribociclib, ritonavir, telaprevir, telithromycin, Muscle spasm (5–10%)
Hematologic tetracycline, tigecycline, tipranavir, Myalgia/Myopathy (22%)
Bleeding [3] troleandomycin, voriconazole, warfarin Pain in extremities (11%)
Hemorrhage (<10%) Pregnancy category: X
Thrombocytopenia [16] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Important contra-indications noted in the Abdominal pain (5–10%)
Thrombosis [3] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers Constipation (25%) [2]
Other Note: Ergotamine is excreted in breast milk and Diarrhea (18%) [3]
Death [2] may cause symptoms of vomiting, diarrhea, weak Dyspepsia (5–10%)
pulse and unstable blood pressure in nursing Hepatotoxicity [2]
infants. Nausea (35%) [9]
ERAVACYCLINE * Vomiting (18%)
Skin Respiratory
Trade name: Xerava (Tetraphase Pharms Inc) Toxicity [4] Cough (14%)
Indications: treatment of complicated intra- Cardiovascular Dyspnea (16%) [2]
abdominal infections in patients 18 years of age Valvulopathy [3] Upper respiratory tract infection (5–10%)
and older
Class: Antibacterial, tetracycline Respiratory Endocrine/Metabolic
Half-life: 20 hours Pleural effusion [2] ALT increased [3]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Appetite decreased [2]
interactions with: none known Hypokalemia (5–10%)
Pregnancy category: N/A (data insufficient to Weight loss (21%)
inform drug-associated risk of major birth defects Genitourinary
and miscarriages.) Urinary tract infection (10%)
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual ERYTHROMYCIN
Hematologic Neuromuscular/Skeletal Central Nervous System

Anemia (58%) [12] Asthenia (fatigue) (52%) [33] Delirium [2]
Febrile neutropenia (5%) [16] Rhabdomyolysis [2] Hallucinations [2]
Leukopenia [18] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Seizures [7]
Lymphopenia [4] Abdominal pain (11%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Neutropenia (82%) [54] Cholangitis [2] Nausea [2]
Ocular Diarrhea [70] Respiratory
Lacrimation (increased) (5–10%) Gastrointestinal bleeding [3] Cough (<2%)
Other Hepatotoxicity [13]
Nausea [18] Genitourinary
Adverse effects [4] Vaginitis (<3%)
Death [3] Vomiting [10]
Respiratory Local
Cough (33%) Injection-site extravasation (2%)
ERLOTINIB Dyspnea [4]
Pneumonia [2]
Other
Death (2%)
Trade name: Tarceva (OSI) Pneumonitis [7]
Indications: Non-small cell lung cancer, Pneumothorax [2]
pancreatic cancer (with gemcitabine) Pulmonary toxicity [15] ERYTHROMYCIN
Class: Antineoplastic, Biologic, Epidermal growth Endocrine/Metabolic
factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, Tyrosine kinase ALT increased [3] Trade names: Eryc (Warner Chilcott), PCE
inhibitor Appetite decreased [4] (AbbVie)
Half-life: ~36 hours AST increased [3] Indications: Various infections caused by
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Dehydration [3] susceptible organisms
interactions with: atazanavir, capecitabine, Hyperglycemia [3] Class: Antibiotic, macrolide, CYP3A4 inhibitor
carbamazepine, ciprofloxacin, clarithromycin, Hematologic Half-life: 1.4–2 hours
diclofenac, itraconazole, ketoconazole, Anemia [12] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
meloxicam, nefazodone, nelfinavir, omeprazole, Febrile neutropenia [2] interactions with: afatinib, alfentanil,
pantoprazole, phenobarbital, phenytoin, rifabutin, Hemotoxicity [2] aminophylline, amisulpride, amoxicillin, ampicillin,
rifampin, rifapentine, ritonavir, saquinavir, St Leukopenia [4] anticonvulsants, arsenic, astemizole, atorvastatin,
John’s wort, troleandomycin, voriconazole, Neutropenia [14] avanafil, benzodiazepines, bosentan,
warfarin Thrombocytopenia [10] bromocriptine, buprenorphine, bupropion,
Pregnancy category: D carbamazepine, cilostazol, ciprofloxacin,
Important contra-indications noted in the Ocular cisapride, clindamycin, clindamycin/tretinoin,
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Conjunctivitis (12%) [3] clopidogrel, clozapine, colchicine, cyclosporine,
pediatric patients Corneal perforation [2] CYP3A inhibitors, darifenacin, dasatinib, digoxin,
Ectropion [4] dihydroergotamine, diltiazem, disopyramide,
Ocular adverse effects [3] docetaxel, doxercalciferol, dronedarone,
Skin Periorbital rash [2]
Acne keloid [2] enoxacin, eplerenone, ergotamine, estradiol,
Trichomegaly [13] eszopiclone, everolimus, flibanserin, fluconazole,
Acneform eruption [29]
AGEP [2] Other fluoxetine, fluvastatin, gatifloxacin, HMG-CoA
Dermatitis [4] Adverse effects [12] reductase inhibitors, imatinib, indacaterol,
DRESS syndrome [2] Death [10] itraconazole, ketoconazole, levodopa,
Erythema (18%) Infection (24%) [7] lomefloxacin, lorazepam, lovastatin, methadone,
Exanthems [3] methylergonovine, methylprednisolone,
Folliculitis [9] methysergide, midazolam, mifepristone,
Hand–foot syndrome [3] ERTAPENEM mizolastine, moxifloxacin, naldemedine,
naloxegol, neratinib, nintedanib, nitrazepam,
Papulopustular eruption [9]
Pruritus (13%) [9] Trade name: Invanz (Merck) norfloxacin, ofloxacin, olaparib, oxtriphylline,
Purpura [3] Indications: Severe resistant bacterial infections paroxetine hydrochloride, pentamidine,
Rash (75%) [116] caused by susceptible organisms pimecrolimus, pimozide, pitavastatin, pravastatin,
Rosacea [2] Class: Antibiotic, carbapenem quetiapine, quinolones, ranolazine, repaglinide,
Toxicity [10] Half-life: 4 hours rilpivirine, rivaroxaban, roflumilast, rosuvastatin,
Xerosis (12%) [13] Clinically important, potentially hazardous rupatadine, sertraline, sildenafil, silodosin,
interactions with: probenecid simeprevir, simvastatin, sparfloxacin, sulpiride,
Hair tacrolimus, tadalafil, tamsulosin, terfenadine,
Alopecia [10] Pregnancy category: B
Important contra-indications noted in the tezacaftor/ivacaftor, tramadol, triamcinolone,
Hair changes [4] triazolam, troleandomycin, vardenafil, venetoclax,
Hypertrichosis [4] prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
mothers verapamil, vilazodone, vinblastine, warfarin,
Nails zafirlukast, zaleplon, zolpidem, zuclopenthixol
Nail changes [3] Pregnancy category: B
Paronychia [14] Skin Important contra-indications noted in the
Edema (3%) prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Mucosal Erythema (<2%)
Mucositis [10] mothers
Pruritus (<2%)
Stomatitis (17%) [12] Rash (2–3%)
Cardiovascular Wound complications [2] Skin
Hypertension [4] AGEP [2]
Cardiovascular Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [2]
Central Nervous System Phlebitis (2%) Baboon syndrome (SDRIFE) [2]
Anorexia [9] Thrombophlebitis (2%) Dermatitis (systemic) [4]
Fever [2]
ERYTHROMYCIN See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Exanthems (<5%) [4] Neuromuscular/Skeletal Gastrointestinal/Hepatic

Fixed eruption [6] Asthenia (fatigue) [4] Constipation (2%)
Hypersensitivity (<10%) [3] Myalgia/Myopathy (<10%) Diarrhea (2–4%)
Rash [3] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Nausea (10–16%) [12]
Stevens-Johnson syndrome [8] Abdominal pain [3] Vomiting (6–10%) [4]
Toxic epidermal necrolysis [8] Constipation [2] Respiratory
Urticaria [4] Diarrhea [4] Cough (<2%)
Mucosal Dyspepsia [2] Nasopharyngitis [2]
Oral candidiasis (<10%) Nausea [11] Endocrine/Metabolic
Cardiovascular Vomiting [3] Hyponatremia (2%) [5]
QT prolongation [5] Respiratory Genitourinary
Torsades de pointes [8] Cough (<10%) Urinary tract infection (2%)
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Flu-like syndrome (5%)
Ocular
Rhabdomyolysis [4] Endocrine/Metabolic Diplopia (9–11%) [8]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Galactorrhea [2] Nystagmus (<2%)
Abdominal pain [3] Hyponatremia [4] Vision blurred (5–6%) [3]
Diarrhea [4] SIADH [7] Vision impaired (<2%)
Nausea [4] Weight gain [3]
Other
Otic Genitourinary Adverse effects [3]
Tinnitus [3] Ejaculatory dysfunction (9–14%)
Sexual dysfunction [5]
Local
Injection-site phlebitis (<10%) [2] Otic ESMOLOL
Tinnitus (<10%)
Other
Allergic reactions (<2%) [3] Ocular Trade name: Brevibloc (Baxter)
Glaucoma [4] Indications: Tachyarrhythmias, tachycardia
Other Class: Adrenergic beta-receptor antagonist,
Antiarrhythmic class II
ESCITALOPRAM Adverse effects [3]
Allergic reactions (<10%) Half-life: 9 minutes
Toothache (<10%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Trade name: Lexapro (Forest) interactions with: clonidine, verapamil
Indications: Major depressive disorders, anxiety Pregnancy category: C
Class: Antidepressant, Selective serotonin Important contra-indications noted in the
reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) ESLICARBAZEPINE prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Half-life: 27–32 hours pediatric patients
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Trade names: Aptiom (Sunovion), Zebinix (Eisai)
interactions with: alcohol, bupropion, MAO Indications: Partial-onset seizures
inhibitors, methylphenidate, omeprazole, Class: Antiepileptic Skin
selegiline, St John’s wort, sumatriptan, telaprevir, Half-life: 13–20 hours Diaphoresis (>10%)
valerian Clinically important, potentially hazardous Cardiovascular
Pregnancy category: C interactions with: carbamazepine, digoxin, Bradycardia [5]
Important contra-indications noted in the lamotrigine, levetiracetam, MAO inhibitors, oral Hypotension [12]
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing contraceptives, oxcarbazepine, phenytoin, Local
mothers; pediatric patients topiramate, valproic acid, warfarin Injection-site pain (8%)
Warning: SUICIDALITY AND Pregnancy category: C Injection-site reactions (<10%)
ANTIDEPRESSANT DRUGS Important contra-indications noted in the
pediatric patients Death [2]
Skin
Diaphoresis (5%)
Hot flashes (<10%) Skin
Rash (<10%) Peripheral edema (<2%) ESOMEPRAZOLE
Mucosal Rash (<3%) [3]
Trade name: Nexium (AstraZeneca)
Oral vesiculation (<19%) Cardiovascular Indications: Gastroesophageal reflux disease
Xerostomia (6%) [6] Hypertension (<2%) Class: Proton pump inhibitor (PPI)
Cardiovascular Central Nervous System Half-life: 1.5 hours
QT prolongation [9] Balance disorder (3%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Torsades de pointes [2] Depression (<3%) interactions with: benzodiazepines,
Central Nervous System Dysarthria (<2%) chlordiazepoxide, cilostazol, clonazepam,
Anxiety [2] Gait instability (2%) clopidogrel, clorazepate, diazepam, digoxin,
Headache (24%) [5] Headache (13–15%) [13] flurazepam, lorazepam, midazolam, oxazepam,
Insomnia (9–12%) [5] Incoordination [3] posaconazole, quazepam, rifampin, rilpivirine, St
Paresthesias (<10%) Insomnia (2%) John’s wort, temazepam, tipranavir, voriconazole
Restless legs syndrome [5] Somnolence (drowsiness) (11–18%) [20] Pregnancy category: C
Serotonin syndrome [5] Tremor (2–4%) Important contra-indications noted in the
Somnolence (drowsiness) (6–13%) [7] Vertigo (dizziness) (20–28%) [25] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Tremor (<10%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal pediatric patients
Vertigo (dizziness) (5%) [7] Asthenia (fatigue) (4–7%) [9]
Ataxia (4–6%) Skin
DRESS syndrome [2]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual ETANERCEPT
Fixed eruption [2] Respiratory tricyclic antidepressants, valerian, voriconazole

Lupus erythematosus [3] Nasopharyngitis (10%) Pregnancy category: C
Central Nervous System Upper respiratory tract infection (6%) Important contra-indications noted in the
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) [3] Endocrine/Metabolic prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Fever [2] Mastodynia (7%) mothers; pediatric patients
Headache (8–11%) [6] Genitourinary
Somnolence (drowsiness) [2] Metrorrhagia (4%) Skin
Vertigo (dizziness) [3] Pruritus (<4%)
Other Rash (<5%)
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Adverse effects [3]
Rhabdomyolysis [2] Mucosal
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Xerostomia (3–7%) [5]
Abdominal pain [3]
ESTRAMUSTINE Central Nervous System
Constipation [3] Abnormal dreams (<3%)
Diarrhea [7] Trade name: Emcyt (Pfizer) Amnesia [3]
Nausea [5] Indications: Prostate carcinoma Anxiety (<3%)
Vomiting [4] Class: Alkylating agent, Nitrosourea Confusion (<3%)
Respiratory Half-life: 20 hours Depression (<4%)
Bronchitis (4%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (8–34%) [21]
interactions with: aldesleukin Hallucinations (<3%)
Endocrine/Metabolic Headache (13–21%) [8]
Hypomagnesemia [2] Pregnancy category: X (not indicated for use in
women) Nervousness (<5%)
Other Neurotoxicity (<3%)
Adverse effects [6] Pain (4–5%)
Skin Somnolence (drowsiness) (8–10%) [2]
Angioedema [2] Vertigo (dizziness) [3]
Edema (>10%) [4]
ESTRADIOL Peripheral edema [2] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Pruritus (2%) [2] Diarrhea (2–4%)
Trade names: Alora (Watson), Climara (Bayer), Purpura (3%) Dyspepsia (2–6%)
Divigel (Upsher-Smith), Elestrin (Azur Pharma), Xerosis (2%) Nausea (4–5%) [2]
Esclim (Women First), Estrace (Bristol-Myers Vomiting (<3%)
Squibb) (Warner Chilcott), Estraderm (Novartis), Cardiovascular
Thrombophlebitis (3%) Endocrine/Metabolic
Estring (Pharmacia & Upjohn), Estrogel (Ascend), Gynecomastia (<3%)
Evamist (KV Pharm), Fempatch (Pfizer), Gynodiol Neuromuscular/Skeletal Libido decreased (<3%)
(Barr), Innofem (Novo Nordisk), Menostar Asthenia (fatigue) [3]
(Bayer), Vagifem (Novo Nordisk), Vivelle Genitourinary
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Dysmenorrhea (<3%)
(Novartis), Vivelle-Dot (Novartis) Diarrhea [3]
Indications: Menopausal symptoms, Urinary tract infection (<3%)
Nausea [3]
hypoestrogenism due to hypogonadism, Other
castration or primary ovarian failure, Endocrine/Metabolic Adverse effects [4]
postmenopausal osteoporosis Gynecomastia (>10%) [5] Infection (3–10%)
Class: Estrogen, Hormone Mastodynia (66%)
Half-life: 1.75±2.87 hours Hematologic
interactions with: alcohol, amprenavir,
Anemia [3]
ETANERCEPT
anastrozole, ascorbic acid, atorvastatin, Leukopenia [2] Trade names: Enbrel (Amgen), Erelzi (Sandoz)
boceprevir, carbamazepine, chenodiol, Neutropenia [5] Indications: Rheumatoid arthritis, polyarticular
clarithromycin, colesevelam, conivaptan, juvenile idiopathic arthritis in patients aged 2 years
Local
corticosteroids, CYP1A2 inducers, CYP3A4 or older, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis,
Injection-site thrombophlebitis (<10%) [3]
inducers, deferasirox, delavirdine, erythromycin, plaque psoriasis
folic acid, grapefruit juice, itraconazole, Other
Class: Cytokine inhibitor, Disease-modifying
ketoconazole, lopinavir, minocycline, Allergic reactions [2]
antirheumatic drug (DMARD), TNF inhibitor
oxtriphylline, P-glycoprotein inhibitors or Death [2]
inducers, PEG-interferon, phenobarbital, Clinically important, potentially hazardous
rifampin, ritonavir, ropinirole, saxagliptin, interactions with: abatacept, anakinra,
somatropin, St John’s wort, telaprevir, thyroid ESZOPICLONE cyclophosphamide, live vaccines
products, tipranavir, ursodiol Pregnancy category: B
Pregnancy category: X Trade names: Imovane (Sanofi-Aventis), Lunesta Important contra-indications noted in the
Important contra-indications noted in the (Sunovion), Zimovane (Sanofi-Aventis) prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Indications: Insomnia mothers; pediatric patients
mothers; pediatric patients Class: Hypnotic, non-benzodiazepine Note: TNF inhibitors should be used in patients
Note: See also separate entry for estrogens. Half-life: 6 hours with heart failure only after consideration of other
Warning: ENDOMETRIAL CANCER, Clinically important, potentially hazardous treatment options. Contra-indicated in patients
CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS, BREAST interactions with: alcohol, antifungals, with sepsis. TNF inhibitors are contra-indicated in
CANCER and PROBABLE DEMENTIA cimetidine, CNS depressants, conivaptan, patients with a personal or family history of
CYP3A4 inhibitors and inducers, dasatinib, multiple sclerosis or demyelinating disease. TNF
Central Nervous System deferasirox, droperidol, erythromycin, ethanol, inhibitors should not be administered to patients
Headache [2] flumazenil, ketoconazole, levomepromazine, with moderate to severe heart failure (New York
lorazepam, nefazodone, nelfinavir, olanzapine, Heart Association Functional Class III/IV).
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic rifampin, ritonavir, St John’s wort, telithromycin,
Nausea [3]
ETANERCEPT Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Warning: SERIOUS INFECTIONS AND Cough [4] Neuromuscular/Skeletal

MALIGNANCIES Flu-like syndrome [3] Muscle spasm (12%) [2]
Laryngitis [2] Myalgia/Myopathy (2%)
Skin Nasopharyngitis [6] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Abscess [2] Pharyngitis [5] Diarrhea (11%) [2]
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [2] Pneumonia [6] Nausea (11%) [5]
Carcinoma [2] Pneumonitis [2] Vomiting (9%) [6]
Cellulitis [2] Pulmonary toxicity [4]
Rhinitis [4] Endocrine/Metabolic
Dermatitis [3] Hyperkalemia (4%)
Dermatomyositis [4] Sinusitis [5]
Tuberculosis [2] Hypocalcemia (7–64%) [7]
Exanthems [2]
Granulomas [2] Upper respiratory tract infection (38–65%)
Granulomatous reaction [5] [13]
Henoch–Schönlein purpura [3] Endocrine/Metabolic ETHAMBUTOL
Herpes zoster [6] ALT increased [3]
Hidradenitis [2] Hypertriglyceridemia [2] Trade name: Myambutol (Stat Trade)
Leprosy [2] Thyroiditis [3] Indications: Tuberculosis
Lichen planus [2] Class: Antimycobacterial
Genitourinary Half-life: 3–4 hours
Lichenoid eruption [3] Cystitis [2]
Lupus erythematosus [25] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Urinary tract infection [2] interactions with: cortisone, zinc
Lupus syndrome [4]
Lymphoma [3] Renal Pregnancy category: C
Malignancies (<3%) [4] Nephrotoxicity [2] Important contra-indications noted in the
Melanoma [2] Hematologic prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Neoplasms [2] Leukopenia [2] pediatric patients
Nodular eruption [3] Macrophage activation syndrome [2]
Pruritus (2–5%) [2] Neutropenia [3] Skin
Psoriasis [20] Pancytopenia [2] Bullous dermatitis [2]
Pustules [2] Thrombocytopenia [2] Dermatitis [2]
Rash (3–13%) [8] Otic DRESS syndrome [5]
Sarcoidosis [10] Otitis media [2] Erythema multiforme [2]
Squamous cell carcinoma [4] Exanthems (<5%) [4]
Urticaria (2%) [2] Ocular Hypersensitivity [3]
Vasculitis [23] Uveitis [13] Lichenoid eruption [2]
Hair Local Lupus erythematosus [2]
Alopecia [5] Injection-site reactions (37–43%) [62] Pruritus [4]
Other Rash [2]
Cardiovascular Toxic epidermal necrolysis [2]
Atrial fibrillation [2] Adverse effects [37]
Allergic reactions (<3%) Urticaria [2]
Cardiotoxicity [2]
Hypertension [2] Death [7] Central Nervous System
Infection (50–81%) [44] Peripheral neuropathy [2]
Demyelination [2] Renal
Fever (2–3%) [2] Nephrotoxicity [2]
Headache [19] ETELCALCETIDE Ocular
Leukoencephalopathy [3] Amblyopia [2]
Multiple sclerosis [2] Trade name: Parsabiv (Amgen) Ocular toxicity [9]
Neurotoxicity [4] Indications: Secondary hyperparathyroidism in Optic neuritis [5]
Paresthesias [2] adult patients with chronic kidney disease on Optic neuropathy [9]
Peripheral neuropathy [2] hemodialysis Vision impaired [2]
Vertigo (dizziness) [2] Class: Calcimimetic
Half-life: 3–4 days Other
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Clinically important, potentially hazardous Adverse effects [4]
Arthralgia [2] interactions with: none known
Asthenia (fatigue) [7] Pregnancy category: N/A (No data available)
Back pain [2]
Myalgia/Myopathy [2]
Important contra-indications noted in the ETHOSUXIMIDE
Myasthenia gravis [3] pediatric patients Trade name: Zarontin (Pfizer)
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Indications: Absence (petit mal) seizures
Abdominal pain [3] Skin Class: Antiepileptic, succinimide
Colitis [2] Facial edema (<4%) Half-life: 50–60 hours
Crohn’s disease [5] Hypersensitivity (4%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Diarrhea (8–16%) [5] Pruritus (<4%) interactions with: antipsychotics,
Gastroenteritis [3] Urticaria (<4%) carbamazepine, chloroquine, cobicistat/
Hepatotoxicity [5] elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide,
Inflammatory bowel disease [2] Cardiovascular cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir
Nausea [5] Cardiac failure (2%) disoproxil, hydroxychloroquine, isoniazid,
Hypotension [2] levomepromazine, lisdexamfetamine, MAO
Respiratory
Asthma [2] Central Nervous System inhibitors, mefloquine, nevirapine, orlistat,
Bronchitis [5] Headache (8%) phenobarbital, phenytoin, primidone, risperidone,
Paresthesias (6%) [2]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual ETRAVIRINE
SSRIs, St John’s wort, tricyclic antidepressants, Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Other

valproic acid, zuclopenthixol Abdominal pain [3] Adverse effects [3]
Pregnancy category: C Constipation [2] Allergic reactions (<2%)
Important contra-indications noted in the Dyspepsia [4] Death [3]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers Nausea [3] Infection [5]
Note: Cases of birth defects have been reported Other
with ethosuximide. Adverse effects [2]
ETRAVIRINE
Skin
Exanthems (<5%) [2]
Lupus erythematosus (>10%) [22]
ETOPOSIDE Trade name: Intelence (Tibotec)
Indications: HIV infection
Raynaud’s phenomenon [3] Trade name: VePesid (Bristol-Myers Squibb) Class: Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase
Stevens-Johnson syndrome (>10%) Indications: Lymphomas, carcinomas inhibitor
Urticaria (<5%) Class: Topoisomerase 2 inhibitor Half-life: 41 hours
Hematologic Half-life: 4–11 hours Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Agranulocytosis [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous interactions with: atazanavir, atorvastatin,
interactions with: aldesleukin, atovaquone, carbamazepine, clarithromycin, clopidogrel,
Other darunavir, delavirdine, digoxin, efavirenz,
Side effects (3%) atovaquone/proguanil, cyclosporine, gadobenate,
prednisolone, St John’s wort fosamprenavir, indinavir, maraviroc, nelfinavir,
Pregnancy category: D neratinib, nevirapine, non-nucleoside reverse
Important contra-indications noted in the transcriptase inhibitors, olaparib, palbociclib,
ETIDRONATE prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing phenobarbital, phenytoin, rifabutin, rifampin,
mothers; pediatric patients rifapentine, rilpivirine, ritonavir, sildenafil,
Trade name: Didronel (Procter & Gamble) simeprevir, St John’s wort, tadalafil, telithromycin,
Indications: Paget’s disease, osteoporosis tipranavir, vardenafil, venetoclax, voriconazole
Class: Bisphosphonate Skin Pregnancy category: B
Half-life: 6 hours Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis (<2%) Important contra-indications noted in the
Clinically important, potentially hazardous [3] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
interactions with: ferrous sulfate Erythema [3] pediatric patients
Pregnancy category: C Exanthems [4]
Important contra-indications noted in the Flushing [3]
Hand–foot syndrome [4] Skin
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Facial edema (<2%)
pediatric patients Hypersensitivity [9]
Pigmentation [2] Hyperhidrosis (<2%)
Radiation recall dermatitis [3] Lipohypertrophy (<2%)
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Rash [2] Prurigo (<2%)
Fractures [6] Stevens-Johnson syndrome [3] Rash (9%) [17]
Osteomalacia [3] Toxicity [2] Xerosis (<2%)
Pseudogout [2] Mucosal
Skeletal toxicity [2] Hair
Alopecia (8–66%) [10] Stomatitis (<2%)
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Xerostomia (<2%)
Esophagitis [2] Mucosal
Mucositis (>10%) Cardiovascular
Oral lesions (<5%) [2] Angina (<2%)
Stomatitis (<10%) [2] Atrial fibrillation (<2%)
ETODOLAC Central Nervous System
Hypertension (3%)
Myocardial infarction (<2%)
Trade name: Lodine (Wyeth) Anorexia [3]
Leukoencephalopathy [2] Central Nervous System
Indications: Pain Abnormal dreams (<2%)
Class: COX-2 inhibitor, Non-steroidal anti- Neurotoxicity [3]
Amnesia (<2%)
inflammatory (NSAID) Neuromuscular/Skeletal Anorexia (<2%)
Half-life: 7 hours Asthenia (fatigue) [3] Anxiety (<2%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Confusion (<2%)
interactions with: aspirin, methotrexate Disorientation (<2%)
Diarrhea [3]
Pregnancy category: C Headache (3%) [3]
Hepatotoxicity [3]
Important contra-indications noted in the Hypersomnia (<2%)
Nausea [7]
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Hypoesthesia (<2%)
Vomiting [8]
mothers; pediatric patients Insomnia (<2%)
Note: NSAIDs may cause an increased risk of Respiratory
Pulmonary toxicity [2] Nervousness (<2%)
serious cardiovascular and gastrointestinal Neurotoxicity [3]
adverse events, which can be fatal. This risk may Endocrine/Metabolic Nightmares (<2%)
increase with duration of use. Hyponatremia [2] Paresthesias (<2%)
Renal Peripheral neuropathy (3%)
Skin Nephrotoxicity [4] Seizures (<2%)
Exanthems [2] Sleep related disorder (<2%)
Hematologic
Facial edema [2] Somnolence (drowsiness) (<2%)
Anemia [8]
Fixed eruption [2] Syncope (<2%)
Pruritus (<10%) [7] Tremor (<2%)
Leukopenia [4]
Rash (>10%) [5] Vertigo (dizziness) (<2%)
Myeloid leukemia [2]
Vasculitis [2] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Neutropenia [13]
Thrombocytopenia [11] Asthenia (fatigue) (3%)
ETRAVIRINE See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Cellulitis (21%)

Abdominal distension (<2%) EVENING PRIMROSE Contact dermatitis (14%)
Abdominal pain (3%) Dermatitis [2]
Constipation (<2%) Family: Onagraceae Edema (39%) [5]
Diarrhea [3] Scientific names: Oenothera biennis, Oenothera Erythema (4%)
Flatulence (<2%) muricata, Oenothera purpurata, Oenothera Exanthems [3]
Gastritis (<2%) rubricaulis, Oenothera suaveolens Excoriations (14%)
Gastroesophageal reflux (<2%) Indications: Mastalgia, osteoporosis, atopic Hand–foot syndrome (5%) [9]
Hematemesis (<2%) dermatitis, rheumatoid arthritis, Hypersensitivity [2]
Hepatic failure (<2%) hypercholesterolemia, chronic fatigue syndrome, Lymphedema [2]
Hepatomegaly (<2%) neurodermatitis, ulcerative colitis, irritable bowel Peripheral edema (4–39%) [8]
Hepatotoxicity [2] syndrome. Used in soaps and cosmetics Pityriasis rosea (4%)
Nausea [4] Class: Anti-inflammatory, Gamma linoleic acid Pruritus (14–21%) [5]
Pancreatitis (<2%) Half-life: N/A Rash (18–59%) [50]
Retching (<2%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous Tinea (18%)
interactions with: aspirin, chlorpromazine, Toxicity [9]
Respiratory fluphenazine, phenothiazine
Bronchospasm (<2%) Xerosis (13–18%)
Dyspnea (<2%) Note: The Medicines Control Agency (MCA) has Nails
Endocrine/Metabolic withdrawn licenses for prescription evening Nail disorder (4–22%) [2]
Diabetes mellitus (<2%) primrose drug products under the brand names Mucosal
Gynecomastia (<2%) of Epogam and Efamast. This was because there Aphthous stomatitis [4]
Renal is not enough evidence that they are effective. Epistaxis (nosebleed) (18–22%) [3]
Renal failure (<2%) Mucosal inflammation (19%) [3]
Other Mucositis [18]
Hematologic Nasal congestion (14%)
Dyslipidemia (<2%) Adverse effects [3]
Oral ulceration [4]
Hemolytic anemia (<2%) Oropharyngeal pain (11%)
Ocular Rhinorrhea (3%)
Vision blurred (<2%) EVEROLIMUS Stomatitis (44–86%) [82]
Xerostomia (8–11%)
Other Trade names: Afinitor (Novartis), Certican
Adverse effects [6] (Novartis), Zortress (Novartis) Cardiovascular
Indications: Prophylaxis of organ rejection in Chest pain (5%)
adults following kidney or liver transplant, Hypertension (4–13%) [14]
Tachycardia (3%)
EUCALYPTUS advanced renal cell carcinoma, neuroendocrine
tumors of pancreatic, gastrointestinal or lung Central Nervous System
Family: Myrtacceae origin, breast cancer in post-menopausal women Anorexia (25%) [12]
Scientific names: Eucalyptus bicostata, with advanced hormone-receptor positive, Anxiety (7%)
Eucalyptus fruticetorum, Eucalyptus globulus, HER2-negative type cancer, renal Chills (4%)
Eucalyptus odorata, Eucalyptus pauciflora, angiomyolipoma and tuberous sclerosis complex, Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (10–19%) [2]
Eucalyptus polybractea, Eucalyptus smithii subependymal giant cell astrocytoma associated Fever (20–32%) [7]
Indications: Asthma, bronchitis, cough, croup, with tuberous sclerosis Headache (18–30%) [4]
fever, joint and muscle pains, nasal congestion, Class: Antineoplastic, Immunosuppressant, Insomnia (9%)
sore throats, rheumatism. Flavoring, fragrance, mTOR inhibitor Migraine (30%)
toothpaste, substances used in root canal fillings Half-life: ~30 hours Pain [2]
Class: Anti-inflammatory, Diuretic Clinically important, potentially hazardous Peripheral neuropathy [2]
Half-life: N/A interactions with: aprepitant, atazanavir, Seizures (29%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous atorvastatin, benazepril, captopril, clarithromycin, Somnolence (drowsiness) (7%)
interactions with: aminophylline, amitriptyline, clozapine, conivaptan, cyclosporine, darunavir, Vertigo (dizziness) (7–14%)
borage, carisoprodol, coltsfoot, comfrey, delavirdine, digoxin, efavirenz, enalapril, Neuromuscular/Skeletal
diazepam, insulin, lansoprazole, nelfinavir, erythromycin, grapefruit juice, indinavir, Arthralgia (15%)
pantoprazole itraconazole, ketoconazole, lapatinib, lisinopril, Asthenia (fatigue) (7–45%) [63]
Pregnancy category: N/A live vaccines, nelfinavir, oxcarbazepine, phenytoin, Back pain (15%)
Note: [O] = Oral. posaconazole, quinapril, ramipril, ribociclib, Jaw pain (3%)
rifampin, rifapentine, ritonavir, saquinavir, St Muscle spasm (10%)
John’s wort, telithromycin, venetoclax, verapamil, Pain in extremities (10–14%)
voriconazole
Pregnancy category: D Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Important contra-indications noted in the Abdominal pain (9–36%) [4]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Constipation (11–14%)
pediatric patients Diarrhea (25–50%) [36]
Warning: In immunosuppression therapy: Dysphagia (4%)
MALIGNANCIES AND SERIOUS INFECTIONS, Gastritis (7%)
KIDNEY GRAFT THROMBOSIS; Gastroenteritis (18%)
NEPHROTOXICITY Gastrointestinal bleeding [3]
In heart transplantation: MORTALITY
Hemorrhoids (5%)
Hepatotoxicity [8]
Nausea (26–32%) [11]
Skin Pancreatitis [2]
Acneform eruption (3–25%) [5] Vomiting (20–29%) [3]
Angioedema [4]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual EXENATIDE
Respiratory
Cough (21–30%) [6] EVOLOCUMAB EXEMESTANE
Dyspnea (20–24%) [8]
Nasopharyngitis (25%) Trade name: Repatha (Amgen) Trade name: Aromasin (Pfizer)
Pharyngitis (11%) Indications: Heterozygous or homozygous Indications: Advanced breast cancer
Pharyngolaryngeal pain (4%) familial hypercholesterolemia where additional Class: Aromatase inhibitor
Pleural effusion (7%) lowering of low density lipoprotein cholesterol is Half-life: 24 hours
Pneumonia [11] required Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Pneumonitis (14–17%) [43] Class: Monoclonal antibody, Proprotein interactions with: efavirenz, oxcarbazepine,
Pulmonary toxicity [11] convertase subtilisin kexin type 9 (PCSK9) rifapentine
Rhinitis (25%) inhibitor Pregnancy category: X
Sinusitis (39%) Half-life: 11–17 days Important contra-indications noted in the
Upper respiratory tract infection (25–82%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
[2] interactions with: none known pediatric patients
Pregnancy category: N/A (No data available but
Endocrine/Metabolic likely to cross the placenta in second and third
ALT increased (21–48%) [4] Skin
trimester) Diaphoresis (6–12%) [2]
Amenorrhea [2] Important contra-indications noted in the
Appetite decreased (30%) [5] Edema (7%)
prescribing guidelines for: pediatric patients Hot flashes (30%) [7]
AST increased (25–56%) [3]
Diabetes mellitus (2–10%) [2] Lymphedema (2–5%)
GGT increased [2] Mucosal Peripheral edema (9%) [2]
Hypercholesterolemia [7] Nasal congestion [2] Pruritus (2–5%)
Hyperglycemia [39] Oropharyngeal pain [2] Radiation recall dermatitis [2]
Hyperlipidemia [8] Cardiovascular Rash (2–5%) [6]
Hypertriglyceridemia [3] Hypertension (2%) Hair
Hypokalemia [4] Central Nervous System Alopecia (2–5%)
Hypomagnesemia [2] Headache (4%) [11] Mucosal
Hyponatremia [3] Neurotoxicity [2] Stomatitis [10]
Hypophosphatemia [5] Vertigo (dizziness) (3%)
Hypothyroidism [2] Central Nervous System
Serum creatinine increased (19–50%) [4] Neuromuscular/Skeletal Dysgeusia (taste perversion) [2]
Weight loss (9–28%) [3] Arthralgia (2%) [9] Headache [3]
Asthenia (fatigue) [3] Insomnia [2]
Genitourinary Back pain (2–6%) [10] Paresthesias (2–5%)
Urinary tract infection (15%) Bone or joint pain (3%) [4] Tumor pain (30%)
Renal Muscle spasm [7] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Nephrotoxicity [5] Myalgia/Myopathy (3%) [11] Arthralgia [4]
Proteinuria (7%) [16] Pain in extremities [5] Asthenia (fatigue) [7]
Renal failure (3%) [3] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Back pain [2]
Hematologic Diarrhea (3%) [5] Bone or joint pain [2]
Anemia [39] Gastroenteritis (2%) [2] Myalgia/Myopathy [2]
Cytopenia [2] Hepatotoxicity [5] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Dyslipidemia [2] Nausea [4] Diarrhea [4]
Febrile neutropenia [5] Respiratory
Hemoglobin decreased (86–92%) [2] Respiratory
Cough (<4%) [3] Dyspnea [2]
Hemolytic uremic syndrome [2] Influenza (<6%) [10]
Hemorrhage (3%) [3] Pneumonitis [6]
Nasopharyngitis (4–10%) [14] Pulmonary toxicity [2]
Hemotoxicity [5] Pharyngitis [2]
Immunosupression [2] Sinusitis (3%) [2] Endocrine/Metabolic
Leukopenia [4] Upper respiratory tract infection (2–6%) Hyperglycemia [5]
Lymphopenia [8] [11] Hematologic
Neutropenia [18] Anemia [3]
Platelets decreased (23–45%) Endocrine/Metabolic
Sepsis [2] Creatine phosphokinase increased [9] Other
Thrombocytopenia [21] Genitourinary Adverse effects [2]
Otic Urinary tract infection (<4%)
Otitis media (36%) Local
Ocular Injection-site bruising [4] EXENATIDE
Conjunctivitis (2%) Injection-site edema [2]
Injection-site erythema [3] Trade names: Bydureon (Amylin), Byetta
Eyelid edema (4%) [2] (Amylin)
Ocular hyperemia (4%) Injection-site pain [7]
Injection-site reactions (3–5%) [10] Indications: Type II diabetes mellitus
Other Class: Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor
Adverse effects [31] Other agonist, Incretin mimetic, Insulin secretagogue
Death [10] Adverse effects [6] Half-life: 2.4 hours
Infection (18%) [32] Allergic reactions (5%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Side effects [2] interactions with: acetaminophen, alcohol,
antibiotics, corticosteroids, lovastatin, oral
contraceptives, pegvisomant, prandial insulin,
EXENATIDE Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
somatropin, sulfonylureas, thiazide diuretics, Pregnancy category: C (Pregnancy category is Mucosal

vitamin K antagonists, warfarin X when combined with a statin.) Mucosal membrane pigmentation [4]
Pregnancy category: C Important contra-indications noted in the Xerostomia (<2%)
Important contra-indications noted in the prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers Central Nervous System
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Note: Liptruzet is ezetimibe and atorvastatin; Amnesia (2%)
pediatric patients vytorin is ezetimibe and simvastatin. Anxiety (3%)
Note: Risk of thyroid C-cell tumors with Aphasia (4%)
exenatide extended release formulations. Skin Balance disorder (4%)
Bydureon is contra-indicated in patients with a Rash [3] Confusion (9%) [6]
personal or family history of medullary thyroid Disorientation (2%)
carcinoma or in patients with multiple endocrine Central Nervous System
Headache [5] Dysarthria (4%) [3]
neoplasia syndrome Type 2. Dysphasia (2%)
Gait instability (4%)
Skin Neuromuscular/Skeletal Hallucinations (<2%)
Hyperhidrosis (<10%) Arthralgia (4%) [3] Headache [6]
Urticaria [2] Asthenia (fatigue) [2] Hypokinesia (<2%)
Back pain (4%) [4] Impaired concentration (6%)
Cardiovascular Bone or joint pain [4]
Cardiotoxicity [2] Incoordination (7%)
Muscle spasm [3] Memory loss (6%)
Central Nervous System Myalgia/Myopathy (5%) [16] Neurotoxicity [3]
Chills (<2%) Pain in extremities [2] Paresthesias (3%)
Headache (<10%) [9] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Somnolence (drowsiness) (22%) [14]
Vertigo (dizziness) (<10%) [4] Abdominal pain (2%) Speech disorder [3]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Diarrhea [4] Tremor (8%) [3]
Asthenia (fatigue) (<10%) Hepatotoxicity [6] Vertigo (dizziness) (31%) [14]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Nausea [4] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Abdominal distension (<10%) Pancreatitis [3] Asthenia (fatigue) (20%) [11]
Abdominal pain (<10%) [2] Respiratory Ataxia [3]
Constipation (>5%) [2] Cough (2%) Myoclonus (<2%)
Diarrhea (<11%) [19] Influenza [3] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Dyspepsia (<10%) Nasopharyngitis [5] Constipation (3%)
Flatulence (2%) Upper respiratory tract infection [2] Dyspepsia (2%)
Gastroenteritis (<10%) Endocrine/Metabolic Dysphagia (<2%)
Gastroesophageal reflux (3%) Creatine phosphokinase increased [8] Nausea (7%) [5]
Nausea (<11%) [44]
Pancreatitis [10] Genitourinary Respiratory
Vomiting (~10%) [26] Urinary tract infection [2] Influenza (3%)
Respiratory Hematologic Endocrine/Metabolic
Nasopharyngitis [2] Thrombocytopenia [2] Appetite increased (<2%)
Local Weight gain (dose related) (3%)
Endocrine/Metabolic
Appetite decreased (<10%) [3] Injection-site erythema [2] Genitourinary
Hypoglycemia (>5%) [5] Injection-site reactions [5] Dysuria (2%)
Other Hematuria (2%)
Genitourinary Urinary hesitancy (2%)
Urinary tract infection [2] Adverse effects [6]
Urinary retention (<2%) [6]
Renal Urinary tract infection [3]
Nephrotoxicity [2] Renal
Renal failure [3] EZOGABINE Chromaturia (2%)
Local Synonym: retigabine Ocular
Injection-site erythema (5–7%) Trade names: Potiga (GSK), Trobalt (GSK) Diplopia (7%) [2]
Injection-site nodules (~10%) [4] Indications: Epilepsy Ocular pigmentation [4]
Injection-site pruritus (5–6%) [2] Class: Anticonvulsant, Potassium channel opener Vision blurred (5%) [2]
Injection-site reactions [7] Half-life: 7–11 hours Other
Other Clinically important, potentially hazardous Adverse effects [2]
Adverse effects [10] interactions with: alcohol, carbamazepine,
Cancer [2] digoxin, phenytoin
Important contra-indications noted in the FAMCICLOVIR
EZETIMIBE prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
mothers; pediatric patients Trade name: Famvir (Novartis)
Warning: RETINAL ABNORMALITIES AND Indications: Acute herpes zoster, recurrent
Trade names: Ezetrol (Merck), Liptruzet (Merck genital herpes
Sharpe & Dohme), Vytorin (MSD), Zetia (Merck) POTENTIAL VISION LOSS
Class: Antiviral, Guanine nucleoside analog
Indications: Hypercholesterolemia Half-life: 2–3 hours
Class: Cholesterol inhibitor Skin Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Half-life: 22 hours Hyperhidrosis (<2%) interactions with: none known
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Peripheral edema (<2%)
interactions with: cholestyramine, cyclosporine, Pigmentation [2]
fenofibrate, gemfibrozil, HMG-CoA reductase
inhibitors, ritonavir
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual FENTANYL
Pregnancy category: B Nausea [4] Skin

Important contra-indications noted in the Vomiting [4] Photosensitivity [11]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Respiratory Phototoxicity [2]
pediatric patients Influenza [2] Pruritus (4%)
Sinusitis [2] Rash (2–8%) [3]
Skin Upper respiratory tract infection [2] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Pruritus (4%) Endocrine/Metabolic Myalgia/Myopathy [11]
Rash (<4%) Hypomagnesemia [2] Rhabdomyolysis [18]
Vasculitis [3] Hypophosphatemia [2] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Central Nervous System Genitourinary Hepatotoxicity [15]
Headache (9–39%) [5] Urinary tract infection [2] Pancreatitis [3]
Paresthesias (<3%) Endocrine/Metabolic
Hematologic
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Eosinophilia [2] Gynecomastia [2]
Asthenia (fatigue) (<5%) Thrombocytopenia [2] Renal
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Nephrotoxicity [3]
Abdominal pain (<8%) [2] Renal failure [2]
Diarrhea (2–9%)
Flatulence (<5%)
FEBUXOSTAT Other
Adverse effects (<10%)
Nausea (2–13%) [3] Trade name: Uloric (Takeda)
Vomiting (<5%) [2] Indications: Hyperuricemia in gout
Genitourinary Class: Xanthine oxidase inhibitor
FENTANYL
Dysmenorrhea (<8%) Half-life: 5–8 hours
Other Clinically important, potentially hazardous Trade names: Actiq (Cephalon), Duragesic
Adverse effects [4] interactions with: aminophylline, azathioprine, (Janssen)
didanosine, mercaptopurine, oxtriphylline, Indications: Chronic pain
theophylline Class: Analgesic, opioid, Anesthetic
FAMOTIDINE Half-life: ~7 hours
Trade names: Duexis (Horizon), Pepcid Skin interactions with: amiodarone, amprenavir,
(Valeant) Rash (2%) [7] aprepitant, atazanavir, ceritinib, cimetidine,
Indications: Duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer, Cardiovascular conivaptan, crizotinib, darunavir, dasatinib,
gastroesophageal reflux disease Cardiotoxicity [2] delavirdine, efavirenz, eluxadoline, enzalutamide,
Class: Histamine H2 receptor antagonist indinavir, itraconazole, ketoconazole, lapatinib,
Central Nervous System letermovir, lopinavir, mifepristone, nelfinavir,
Half-life: 2.5–3.5 hours Headache [5]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous nevirapine, nifedipine, osimertinib, ranitidine,
Vertigo (dizziness) [5] ribociclib, rifapentine, ritonavir, saquinavir,
interactions with: acalabrutinib, atazanavir,
cefditoren, dasatinib, delavirdine, rilpivirine, Neuromuscular/Skeletal telithromycin, voriconazole
thalidomide Arthralgia [5] Pregnancy category: C
Pregnancy category: B Bone or joint pain [2] Important contra-indications noted in the
Important contra-indications noted in the Gouty tophi (flare) [3] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers Joint disorder [2] pediatric patients
Note: Duexis is famotidine and ibuprofen. Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Note: Contra-indicated in opioid non-tolerant
Diarrhea [9] patients, and for the management of acute or
Hepatotoxicity (5%) [13] postoperative pain including headache/migraines
Skin and dental pain.
Dermatitis [3] Nausea [7]
Vomiting [2] Warning: ADDICTION, ABUSE, and MISUSE;
Peripheral edema [2] LIFE-THREATENING RESPIRATORY
Pruritus [2] Respiratory DEPRESSION; ACCIDENTAL EXPOSURE;
Rash [3] Upper respiratory tract infection [2] NEONATAL OPIOID WITHDRAWAL
Urticaria [3] Other SYNDROME; CYTOCHROME P450 3A4
Vasculitis [2] Adverse effects [7] INTERACTION
Cardiovascular EXPOSURE TO HEAT (for topical patches)
Hypertension [3]
Central Nervous System FENOFIBRATE Skin
Confusion [2] Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [6]
Delirium [3] Trade name: Tricor (AbbVie) Diaphoresis (>10%) [2]
Fever [2] Indications: Hyperlipidemia Edema (>10%)
Headache (5%) [4] Class: Fibrate, Lipid regulator Erythema (at application site) [3]
Neurotoxicity [2] Half-life: 20 hours Flushing (3–10%)
Somnolence (drowsiness) [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous Pruritus (3–44%) [30]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal interactions with: atorvastatin, colchicine, Rash [3]
Arthralgia [2] dicumarol, ezetimibe, lovastatin, nicotinic acid,
Mucosal
Back pain [2] rosuvastatin, statins, warfarin
Xerostomia (>10%) [3]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Important contra-indications noted in the Cardiovascular
Abdominal pain [2] prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Bradycardia (>10%) [3]
Diarrhea (2%) [3] mothers; pediatric patients Hypotension [9]
Dyspepsia [3] Tachycardia [2]
Gastroesophageal reflux [2]
FENTANYL See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Central Nervous System Gastrointestinal/Hepatic

Agitation [2] Abdominal pain [2] FEVERFEW
Anorexia [2] Nausea (3%) [6]
Coma [2] Vomiting [2] Family: Asteraceae; Compositae
Confusion (>10%) Scientific names: Chrysanthemum parthenium,
Respiratory Pyrethrum parthenium, Tanacetum parthenium
Delirium [2] Dyspnea [3]
Depression (>10%) Indications: Fever, headache, migraine,
Hallucinations [2] Local menstrual irregularities, arthritis, psoriasis, allergy,
Headache (>10%) Injection-site pain [3] asthma, tinnitus, vertigo, nausea, cold, earache,
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome [2] Other orthopedic disorders, swollen feet, diarrhea,
Sedation [3] Adverse effects [2] dyspepsia
Serotonin syndrome [4] Class: Antipyretic
Somnolence (drowsiness) [14] Half-life: N/A
Vertigo (dizziness) [12] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
FESOTERODINE interactions with: anticoagulants, NSAIDs
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Pregnancy category: N/A
Asthenia (fatigue) (>10%) [2] Trade name: Toviaz (Pfizer)
Myoclonus [3] Indications: Overactive bladder syndrome,
urinary incontinence, urgency and frequency Skin
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Angioedema (lips) [3]
Constipation (>10%) [11] Class: Antimuscarinic, Muscarinic antagonist
Half-life: 7 hours; 4 hours (oral) Dermatitis [4]
Nausea (>10%) [31]
Vomiting (>10%) [22] Clinically important, potentially hazardous Mucosal
interactions with: alcohol, amantadine, Oral ulceration [3]
Respiratory anticholinergics, antidepressants, antimuscarinics,
Cough [17] Central Nervous System
atazanavir, botulinum toxin (A & B), Ageusia (taste loss) [2]
Respiratory depression [8] carbamazepine, cinacalcet, clarithromycin,
Ocular conivaptan, CYP2D6 inhibitors, CYP3A4 Other
Miosis (>10%) inhibitors, CYP3AF inhibitors, darunavir, Adverse effects [4]
Local dasatinib, deferasirox, delavirdine, duloxetine,
Application-site erythema [2] indinavir, itraconazole, ketoconazole, nefazodone,
Other
nelfinavir, PEG-interferon, phenobarbital, FEXOFENADINE
phenytoin, pramlintide, rifampin, ritonavir,
Adverse effects [7] saquinavir, secretin, St John’s wort, telithromycin, Trade name: Allegra (Sanofi-Aventis)
Death [7] terbinafine, tipranavir, tocilizumab, voriconazole Indications: Allergic rhinitis, pruritus, urticaria
Pregnancy category: C Class: Histamine H1 receptor antagonist
Important contra-indications noted in the Half-life: 14.4 hours
FERUMOXYTOL prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Clinically important, potentially hazardous
pediatric patients interactions with: neratinib, St John’s wort
Trade name: Feraheme (AMG Pharma) Note: Contra-indicated in patients with urinary Pregnancy category: C
Indications: Iron deficiency anemia in adults with retention, gastric retention, or uncontrolled Important contra-indications noted in the
chronic kidney disease narrow-angle glaucoma. prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Class: Iron supplement mothers; pediatric patients
Half-life: 15 hours Mucosal
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Xerostomia (19–35%) [29] Skin
interactions with: none known Stevens-Johnson syndrome [2]
Headache [3] Urticaria [3]
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Neuromuscular/Skeletal Central Nervous System
mothers; pediatric patients Back pain (2%) Headache (5–11%) [2]
Note: May cause hypersensitivity reactions, Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
hypotension and iron overload. Feraheme may Constipation (4–6%) [17]
transiently affect magnetic resonance (MRI) Diarrhea (<10%) FINAFLOXACIN
imaging for up to 3 months following dosage. Dyspepsia (<2%) [2]
Contra-indicated in patients with evidence of iron Nausea (<2%) [2] Trade name: Xtoro (Alcon)
overload or anemia not caused by iron deficiency. Indications: Acute otitis externa caused by
Respiratory susceptible strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and
Upper respiratory tract infection (2–3%) Staphylococcus aureus
Skin
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [4] Genitourinary Class: Antibiotic, fluoroquinolone
Hypersensitivity [3] Dysuria (<2%) Half-life: N/A
Pruritus [5] Urinary retention [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Rash [2] Urinary tract infection (3–4%) [3] interactions with: none known
Urticaria [2] Ocular Pregnancy category: C
Vision blurred [2] Important contra-indications noted in the
Cardiovascular prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Hypotension (3%) [3] Xerophthalmia (<4%) [2]
pediatric patients
Headache [6] Adverse effects [3]
Vertigo (dizziness) (3%) [3] Headache [2]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Asthenia (fatigue) [2] Diarrhea [2]
Back pain [2] Flatulence [2]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual FISH OIL TRIGLYCERIDES
Loose stools [2] roflumilast, sipuleucel-T, tacrolimus, tocilizumab, Endocrine/Metabolic

Nausea [2] trastuzumab, typhoid vaccine, verapamil, yellow ALT increased (14%) [3]
Respiratory fever vaccine AST increased (14%)
Nasopharyngitis [2] Pregnancy category: C GGT increased (5%)
Rhinitis [2] Important contra-indications noted in the Weight loss (5%)
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Hematologic
pediatric patients Leukopenia (3%)
Note: Contra-indicated in patients with recent
FINASTERIDE (within the last 6 months) occurrence of:
Lymphopenia (4%) [14]
myocardial infarction, unstable angina, stroke, Ocular
Trade names: Propecia (Merck), Proscar transient ischemic attack, decompensated heart Macular edema [23]
(Merck) failure requiring hospitalization, or Class III/IV Ocular pain (3%)
Indications: Benign prostatic hypertrophy, male- heart failure; history or presence of Mobitz Type Vision blurred (4%)
pattern baldness II 2nd degree or 3rd degree AV block or sick sinus Other
Class: 5-alpha reductase inhibitor, Androgen syndrome, unless patient has a pacemaker; Adverse effects [12]
antagonist, Enzyme inhibitor baseline QT interval T500 ms; or is receiving Death [7]
Half-life: 5–8 hours treatment with Class Ia or Class III anti- Infection [18]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous arrhythmic drugs.
Pregnancy category: N/A (Contra-indicated in
women) Skin FISH OIL TRIGLY-
Important contra-indications noted in the Basal cell carcinoma [4]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Eczema (3%) CERIDES *
pediatric patients Herpes (9%) [6]
Herpes simplex [3] Trade name: Omegaven (Fresenius Kabi USA)
Herpes zoster [3] Indications: indicated as a source of calories and
Skin Kaposi’s sarcoma [2] fatty acids in pediatric patients with parenteral
Folliculitis [2] Lymphoma [2] nutrition-associated cholestasis
Rash [3] Melanoma [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Urticaria [2] Neoplasms [2] interactions with: none known
Xerosis [2] Pruritus (3%) Pregnancy category: N/A (no available data)
Hair Skin cancer [3] Important contra-indications noted in the
Hirsutism [3] Tinea (4%) prescribing guidelines for: pediatric patients
Varicella zoster [5] Warning: Risk of Death in Preterm Infants due to
Cardiovascular
Pulmonary Lipid Accumulation; Hypersensitivity
Postural hypotension [2] Hair
Reactions; Risk of Infections, Fat Overload
Central Nervous System Alopecia (4%)
Syndrome, Refeeding Syndrome, and
Depression [7] Cardiovascular Hypertriglyceridemia; Aluminum Toxicity
Headache [2] Asystole [2]
Vertigo (dizziness) (7%) [3] Atrial fibrillation [2]
Atrioventricular block [19]
Skin
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Abscess (7%)
Asthenia (fatigue) (5%) [3] Bradycardia (4%) [24]
Erythema (12%)
Myalgia/Myopathy (severe) [2] Cardiac failure [2]
Rash (8%)
Cardiotoxicity [3]
Endocrine/Metabolic Hypertension (6%) [10] Cardiovascular
Gynecomastia (<2%) [17] Bradycardia (35%)
Libido decreased (2–10%) [10] Central Nervous System
Depression (8%) Central Nervous System
Mastodynia (<2%)
Encephalopathy [2] Agitation (35%)
Menstrual irregularities [2]
Headache (25%) [11] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Genitourinary Leukoencephalopathy [6] Hypertonia (6%)
Ejaculatory dysfunction [11] Migraine (5%)
Erectile dysfunction [9] Paresthesias (5%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Impotence (5–19%) Vertigo (dizziness) (7%) Vomiting (46%)
Sexual dysfunction [8] Respiratory
Other Asthenia (fatigue) (3%) [5] Apnea (20%)
Adverse effects [7] Back pain (12%) [5] Endocrine/Metabolic
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Hypertriglyceridemia (3%)
Diarrhea (12%) [4] Hematologic
FINGOLIMOD Gastroenteritis (5%) Bleeding (7%)
Hepatotoxicity [11] Neutropenia (7%)
Trade name: Gilenya (Novartis)
Indications: Multiple sclerosis Respiratory Local
Class: Immunosuppressant Bronchitis (8%) Infusion-site erythema (6%)
Half-life: 6–9 days Cough (10%) [4] Other
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Dyspnea (8%) [2] Infection (16%)
interactions with: BCG vaccine, beta blockers, Influenza (13%) [4]
class Ia antiarrhythmics, class III antiarrhythmics, Nasopharyngitis [5]
conivaptan, cyproterone, denosumab, digoxin, Pulmonary toxicity [4]
diltiazem, dronedarone, ketoconazole, Respiratory tract infection [2]
leflunomide, live vaccines, natalizumab, PEG- Sinusitis (7%)
interferon, pimecrolimus, QT prolonging drugs,
FISH OILS Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Hyperesthesia (<10%)
FISH OILS Neurotoxicity [3] FLUCLOXACILLIN
Seizures [2]
Scientific names: docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), Syncope [2] Trade name: Floxapen (Actavis)
eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), Omega-3 fatty acids Tremor (5%) Indications: Infections due to sensitive Gram-
Indications: Albuminuria, anorexia nervosa, Vertigo (dizziness) (19%) [5] positive organisms
cardiovascular disease, hypertension, lupus Class: Antibiotic, beta-lactam
erythematosus, macular degeneration, Neuromuscular/Skeletal Half-life: 53 minutes
osteoarthritis, otitis media, psoriasis Asthenia (fatigue) (5–8%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Class: Anti-inflammatory, Lipid regulator Gastrointestinal/Hepatic interactions with: oral contraceptives,
Half-life: N/A Abdominal pain (3%) probenecid
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Constipation (4%) Pregnancy category: N/A
interactions with: none known Diarrhea (<3%) [2] Important contra-indications noted in the
Pregnancy category: N/A Nausea (9%) [3] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers
Note: More than 25 mL or 3 g per day can Respiratory
decrease blood coagulation and increase the risk Dyspnea (10%) Skin
of bleeding. Fish oils contain a significant amount AGEP [2]
of vitamins A and D and high doses may be toxic. Ocular
Vision blurred [2] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Visual disturbances (16%) [3] Hepatotoxicity [21]
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) [2] Other Endocrine/Metabolic
Adverse effects [2] Acidosis [2]
Hypokalemia [2]
FLECAINIDE FLIBANSERIN
Renal
Nephrotoxicity [4]
Trade name: Tambocor (3M) Hematologic
Indications: Atrial fibrillation Trade name: Addyi (Sprout) Anemia [2]
Class: Antiarrhythmic, Antiarrhythmic class Ic Indications: Hypoactive sexual desire disorder in
Half-life: 12–16 hours premenopausal women
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Class: Serotonin type 1A receptor agonist,
interactions with: acebutolol, amiodarone, Serotonin type 2A receptor antagonist FLUCONAZOLE
amisulpride, amitriptyline, artemether/ Half-life: 11 hours
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Trade name: Diflucan (Pfizer)
lumefantrine, boceprevir, cinacalcet, clozapine, Indications: Candidiasis
cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir interactions with: alcohol, amprenavir,
atazanavir, boceprevir, carbamazepine, Class: Antibiotic, triazole, Antifungal, azole,
alafenamide, cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/ CYP3A4 inhibitor
tenofovir disoproxil, darifenacin, delavirdine, ciprofloxacin, clarithromycin, conivaptan, digoxin,
diltiazem, erythromycin, fluconazole, Half-life: 25–30 hours
fosamprenavir, lopinavir, mirabegron, quinine, Clinically important, potentially hazardous
ritonavir, telaprevir, tipranavir fosamprenavir, grapefruit juice, indinavir,
itraconazole, ketoconazole, nefazodone, interactions with: alprazolam, amphotericin B,
Pregnancy category: C anisindione, anticoagulants, atorvastatin, avanafil,
Important contra-indications noted in the nelfinavir, phenobarbital, phenytoin,
posaconazole, rifabutin, rifampin, rifapentine, betamethasone, bosentan, celecoxib, citalopram,
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; clobazam, clopidogrel, deflazacort, dicumarol,
pediatric patients ritonavir, saquinavir, St John’s wort, telaprevir,
telithromycin, verapamil eluxadoline, eplerenone, erythromycin,
Pregnancy category: N/A (No data available) flibanserin, irbesartan, ivacaftor, lesinurad,
Skin Important contra-indications noted in the methadone, midazolam, mifepristone,
Diaphoresis (<3%) prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing naldemedine, neratinib, nevirapine, olaparib,
Edema (4%) mothers; pediatric patients ospemifene, pantoprazole, phenobarbital,
Flushing (<3%) Warning: HYPOTENSION AND SYNCOPE IN phenytoin, pimecrolimus, propranolol,
Psoriasis [2] CERTAIN SETTINGS quetiapine, ramelteon, rifapentine, rilpivirine,
Rash (<3%) ruxolitinib, simeprevir, sonidegib, sulfonylureas,
Cardiovascular temsirolimus, terbinafine, tezacaftor/ivacaftor,
Mucosal tipranavir, tofacitinib, trabectedin, triamcinolone,
Arrhythmias [7] Xerostomia (2%) [2]
Atrial fibrillation [3] venetoclax, vinblastine, vincristine, warfarin,
Atrial flutter [2] Central Nervous System zidovudine
Atrioventricular block [2] Anxiety (2%) Pregnancy category: D (fluconazole is
Bradycardia [4] Insomnia (5%) [4] pregnancy category C for vaginal candidiasis)
Brugada syndrome [5] Sedation [2] Important contra-indications noted in the
Bundle branch block [2] Somnolence (drowsiness) (11%) [10] prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Cardiotoxicity [4] Vertigo (dizziness) (2%) [11] mothers
Chest pain (5%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Congestive heart failure [2] Asthenia (fatigue) (9%) [5] Skin
Extrasystoles [2] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic AGEP [3]
Hypotension [2] Abdominal pain (2%) Erythema multiforme [3]
Palpitation (6%) Constipation (2%) Exfoliative dermatitis [2]
QT prolongation [7] Nausea (10%) [7] Fixed eruption [10]
Supraventricular tachycardia [2] Hypersensitivity (<4%)
Tachycardia [2] Rash (2%) [4]
Torsades de pointes [4] Stevens-Johnson syndrome [6]
Central Nervous System Toxic epidermal necrolysis [4]
Headache (10%) [4]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual FLUOROURACIL
Hair Mucosal Thrombocytopenia [4]

Alopecia [4] Mucositis (2%) Thrombosis (<3%)
Nails Stomatitis (9%) Otic
Nail changes [2] Cardiovascular Hearing loss (2–6%)
Mucosal Angina (6%) Ocular
Oral ulceration [2] Arrhythmias (<4%) Visual disturbances (3–15%)
Chest pain (5%)
Cardiovascular Congestive heart failure (<4%) Other
Hypotension [2] Myocardial infarction (<4%) Adverse effects [2]
QT prolongation [7] Phlebitis (<3%) Death [4]
Torsades de pointes [11] Supraventricular tachycardia (<4%) Infection (12–44%) [6]
Central Nervous System Central Nervous System
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) [2] Aneurysm (<2%)
Headache (2–13%) [3] Anorexia (7–34%) FLUORIDES
Neurotoxicity [2] Cerebrovascular accident (<4%)
Chills (11–19%) Indications: Caries prevention (topical),
Fever (11–69%) [2] osteoporosis prevention (oral)
Rhabdomyolysis [4]
Headache (3–9%) Class: Chemical
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Half-life: N/A
Abdominal pain [2] Leukoencephalopathy [9]
Neurotoxicity [3] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Diarrhea [2] interactions with: caffeine
Hepatotoxicity [3] Pain (5–22%)
Paresthesias (4–12%) Pregnancy category: C
Nausea (2–7%)
Sleep related disorder (<3%)
Renal Skin
Renal failure [2] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Asthenia (fatigue) (6–65%) Acneform eruption [2]
Other Back pain (4–9%) Burning [12]
Adverse effects [5] Myalgia/Myopathy (>10%) Dermatitis [4]
Edema [2]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Erythema [2]
Abdominal pain (8–10%) Hypersensitivity [6]
FLUDARABINE Cholelithiasis (gallstones) (3%) Necrosis [2]
Constipation (<3%) Pruritus [5]
Trade names: Fludara (Genzyme), Oforta Diarrhea (5–15%) Toxicity [27]
(Sanofi-Aventis) Esophagitis (3%) Urticaria [7]
Indications: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B- Gastrointestinal bleeding (3–13%) [2]
cell) Hepatotoxicity [2] Mucosal
Class: Antimetabolite, Antineoplastic Nausea (<36%) Oral ulceration [2]
Half-life: 9 hours Stomatitis [3]
Bronchitis (<9%) Central Nervous System
interactions with: aldesleukin, clofazimine, live Headache [2]
vaccines, pentostatin Cough (6–44%)
Pregnancy category: D Dyspnea (<22%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Important contra-indications noted in the Flu-like syndrome (5–8%) Arthralgia [5]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Hemoptysis (<6%) Bone or joint pain [12]
pediatric patients Pharyngitis (9%) Skeletal fluorosis [35]
Note: Severe neurologic effects, including Pneumonia (3–22%) [3] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
blindness, coma, and death were observed in Pneumonitis (6%) Abdominal pain [2]
dose-ranging studies in patients with acute Pulmonary toxicity [4]
Rhinitis (3–11%) Ocular
leukemia when fludarabine phosphate was Cataract [2]
administered at high doses. Instances of life- Sinusitis (<5%)
threatening and sometimes fatal autoimmune Upper respiratory tract infection (2–14%) Other
hemolytic anemia have been reported after one Endocrine/Metabolic Adverse effects [9]
or more cycles of treatment with fludarabine Hyperglycemia (<6%) Death [7]
phosphate. Weight loss (<6%) Tooth fluorosis [39]
Warning: CNS TOXICITY, HEMOLYTIC Genitourinary
ANEMIA, AND PULMONARY TOXICITY Dysuria (3–4%)
Hematuria (<3%) FLUOROURACIL
Skin Urinary hesitancy (3%)
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis (<3%) Urinary tract infection (4–15%) Trade names: 5-fluorouracil (Taj), Carac
Diaphoresis (14%) (Valeant), Efudex (Valeant), Fluoroplex (Allergan),
Hematologic Fluorouracil Injection, USP (Bioniche), Tolak (Hill
Edema (8–19%) Anemia [3]
Herpes simplex (7–8%) Dermac)
Cytopenia [2] Indications: Palliative management of malignant
Herpes zoster [2] Febrile neutropenia [2]
Paraneoplastic pemphigus [4] neoplasms especially of the gastrointestinal tract,
Hemolytic anemia [2] breast, liver and pancreas, topical therapy for
Peripheral edema (7%) Hemotoxicity [3]
Pruritus (<3%) actinic keratoses
Leukopenia [2] Class: Antimetabolite, Antineoplastic
Rash (4–15%) Myelosuppression [3] Half-life: 8–20 minutes
Hair Myelotoxicity [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Alopecia (<10%) Neutropenia [6] interactions with: aldesleukin, bromelain,
Sepsis [2] cimetidine, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor
FLUOROURACIL See all our books at www.crcpress.com
(G-CSF), metronidazole, tinidazole Neurotoxicity [12]

Pregnancy category: X Peripheral neuropathy [5] FLUOXETINE
Important contra-indications noted in the Vertigo (dizziness) [2]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Trade names: Prozac (Lilly), Sarafem (Warner
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Chilcott), Symbyax (Lilly)
pediatric patients Asthenia (fatigue) [23]
Note: Contra-indicated in patients with Indications: Depression, obsessive-compulsive
dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase deficiency. Gastrointestinal/Hepatic disorder
Tolak cream contains peanut oil and should be Abdominal pain [4] Class: Antidepressant, Selective serotonin
used with caution in peanut-sensitive individuals. Constipation [4] reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)
Diarrhea [36] Half-life: 2–3 days
Hepatotoxicity [7] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Skin Nausea [28] interactions with: alprazolam, amoxapine,
Acneform eruption [3] Vomiting [21] amphetamines, astemizole, clarithromycin,
Acral erythema [4] clopidogrel, clozapine, desipramine,
Actinic keratoses [4] Respiratory
Dysphonia [2] deutetrabenazine, dexibuprofen,
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [2] dextroamphetamine, diethylpropion, droperidol,
Dermatitis (>10%) [4] Pneumonia [2]
Pulmonary embolism [2] duloxetine, erythromycin, haloperidol,
Eczema [2] iloperidone, imipramine, insulin aspart, insulin
Edema [2] Endocrine/Metabolic degludec, insulin glargine, insulin glulisine,
Erythema [4] Acidosis [2] isocarboxazid, linezolid, lithium, MAO inhibitors,
Erythema multiforme [3] ALP increased [2] mazindol, meperidine, methamphetamine,
Exanthems (<10%) [3] ALT increased [2] midazolam, moclobemide, nifedipine,
Folliculitis [2] AST increased [2] nortriptyline, olanzapine, PEG-interferon,
Hand–foot syndrome (<38%) [54] Hyperammonemia [3] phendimetrazine, phenelzine, phentermine,
Lupus erythematosus [6] Hyperglycemia [3] phenylpropanolamine, phenytoin, pimozide,
Palmar–plantar pigmentation [2] Hypocalcemia [2] propranolol, pseudoephedrine, rasagiline,
Peripheral edema [2] Hypokalemia [3] risperidone, selegiline, serotonin agonists,
Photosensitivity [3] Hypomagnesemia [3] sibutramine, St John’s wort, sumatriptan,
Pigmentation [11] Hyponatremia [3] sympathomimetics, tramadol, tranylcypromine,
Pruritus [5] Serum creatinine increased [2] trazodone, tricyclic antidepressants,
Radiation recall dermatitis [3] SIADH [4] troleandomycin, tryptophan, valbenazine,
Rash [8] Weight loss [2] vortioxetine, zolmitriptan
Recall reaction [3] Renal Pregnancy category: C
Seborrheic dermatitis [3] Proteinuria [5] Important contra-indications noted in the
Toxicity [5] prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Ulcerations [2] Hematologic
Anemia [20] mothers; pediatric patients
Xerosis (<10%) [3] Note: Increased risk of suicidal thinking and
Hair Hemolytic uremic syndrome [3] behavior in children, adolescents, and young
Alopecia (>10%) [17] Leukopenia [18] adults taking antidepressants for Major
Nails Lymphopenia [2] Depressive Disorder (MDD) and other
Nail pigmentation [3] Myelosuppression [4] psychiatric disorders. Sarafem is not approved for
Paronychia [2] Neutropenia [54] use in pediatric patients with MDD and obsessive
Thrombocytopenia [21] compulsive disorder. Symbyax is not approved for
Mucosal use in children and adolescents.
Epistaxis (nosebleed) [2] Ocular Symbyax is fluoxetine and olanzapine.
Mucosal inflammation [2] Ectropion [2] Warning: SUICIDAL THOUGHTS AND
Mucositis (<79%) [17] Epiphora [2] BEHAVIORS
Oral mucositis [7] Ocular inflammation [2]
Oral ulceration [2] Local
Stomatitis (>10%) [24] Skin
Application-site edema [2] Diaphoresis (8%) [3]
Tongue pigmentation [2] Application-site pruritus [3] Exanthems (4%) [7]
Cardiovascular Injection-site burning [2] Flushing (<2%)
Angina [9] Injection-site desquamation [4] Mycosis fungoides [2]
Bradycardia [2] Injection-site edema [3] Phototoxicity [2]
Cardiac failure [5] Injection-site erythema [4] Pruritus (2%) [4]
Cardiomyopathy [4] Injection-site necrosis [2] Pseudolymphoma [4]
Cardiotoxicity [14] Injection-site pain [2] Rash (6%) [3]
Hypertension [11] Injection-site ulceration [2] Raynaud’s phenomenon [2]
Myocardial infarction [4] Other Serum sickness-like reaction [2]
QT prolongation [4] Adverse effects [8] Toxic epidermal necrolysis [2]
Thromboembolism [2] Death [6] Toxicity [2]
Venous thromboembolism [2] Infection [7] Urticaria (4%) [5]
Ventricular tachycardia [2] Side effects [2] Vasculitis [2]
Central Nervous System Hair
Anorexia [12] Alopecia [7]
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) [2]
Encephalopathy [3] Mucosal
Fever [6] Black tongue [2]
Headache [2] Oral ulceration [2]
Insomnia [2] Xerostomia (12%) [7]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual FLUVOXAMINE
Cardiovascular Endocrine/Metabolic Photosensitivity [9]

Orthostatic hypotension [2] Galactorrhea (<10%) Rash (3%)
QT prolongation [7] Gynecomastia (<10%) Xerosis [2]
Torsades de pointes [2] Mastodynia (<10%) Central Nervous System
Central Nervous System Genitourinary Paresthesias (<10%)
Akathisia [6] Priapism [2] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Amnesia [2] Ocular Hepatotoxicity [13]
Anxiety [2] Maculopathy [3]
Delirium [3] Endocrine/Metabolic
Depression [2] Gynecomastia (9%) [4]
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (2%) Pseudoporphyria [3]
Extrapyramidal symptoms [3] FLURBIPROFEN Local
Hallucinations [3] Injection-site irritation (3%)
Headache (<27%) [3] Trade name: Ansaid (Pfizer)
Insomnia [3] Indications: Rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis
Class: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID)
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome [2]
Paresthesias [2] Half-life: 3–4 hours FLUVASTATIN
Restless legs syndrome [4] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
interactions with: ACE inhibitors, aspirin, Trade name: Lescol (Novartis)
Serotonin syndrome [14] Indications: Hypercholesterolemia
Somnolence (drowsiness) [4] furosemide, lithium, methotrexate
Pregnancy category: C Class: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, Statin
Suicidal ideation [11] Half-life: 1.2 hours
Tremor (2–10%) [2] Important contra-indications noted in the
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Vertigo (dizziness) [4] interactions with: azithromycin, bosentan,
mothers
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Note: NSAIDs may cause an increased risk of ciprofibrate, clarithromycin, colchicine,
Asthenia (fatigue) [3] serious cardiovascular and gastrointestinal cyclosporine, delavirdine, elbasvir & grazoprevir,
Rhabdomyolysis [2] adverse events, which can be fatal. This risk may erythromycin, gemfibrozil, imatinib, letermovir,
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic increase with duration of use. mifepristone, red rice yeast
Nausea [4] Elderly patients are at greater risk for serious Pregnancy category: X
gastrointestinal events. Important contra-indications noted in the
Endocrine/Metabolic prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers
Gynecomastia [2] Warning: CARDIOVASCULAR AND
Libido decreased [2] GASTROINTESTINAL RISKS
SIADH [20] Skin
Weight gain [4] Skin Lupus erythematosus [2]
Eczema (3–9%) Rash (3%)
Genitourinary
Priapism [2] Edema (3–9%) Central Nervous System
Sexual dysfunction [6] Exanthems [3] Headache (9%)
Fixed eruption [2] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Ocular Hypersensitivity [4]
Hallucinations, visual [4] Asthenia (fatigue) (3%)
Pruritus (<5%) Myalgia/Myopathy (5%) [4]
Other Rash (<3%) Rhabdomyolysis [13]
Adverse effects [3] Mucosal
Bruxism [4] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Oral lichenoid eruption [2] Diarrhea (5%)
Death [3]
Central Nervous System Dyspepsia (8%)
Headache [4] Hepatotoxicity [5]
FLUPHENAZINE Renal Respiratory
Nephrotoxicity [2] Sinusitis (3%)
Trade name: Prolixin (Bristol-Myers Squibb) Other Upper respiratory tract infection (16%)
Indications: Psychoses Side effects (6%) [2] Endocrine/Metabolic
Class: Antipsychotic, Phenothiazine Creatine phosphokinase increased [2]
Half-life: 84–96 hours Other
interactions with: antihistamines, arsenic,
FLUTAMIDE Allergic reactions (3%)
chlorpheniramine, clozapine, dofetilide, evening Indications: Metastatic prostate carcinoma
primrose, quinolones, sparfloxacin
Class: Androgen antagonist
FLUVOXAMINE
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers Trade name: Luvox (Solvay)
interactions with: none known Indications: Obsessive-compulsive disorder,
Pregnancy category: D (not indicated for use in depression
Skin women) Class: Antidepressant, CYP1A2 inhibitor,
Rash (<10%) Important contra-indications noted in the CYP3A4 inhibitor, Selective serotonin reuptake
Vitiligo [2] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; inhibitor (SSRI)
Central Nervous System pediatric patients Half-life: 15 hours
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome [14] Warning: HEPATIC INJURY Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Parkinsonism [3] interactions with: alosetron, alprazolam,
Somnolence (drowsiness) [4] Skin aminophylline, amphetamines, anagrelide,
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Edema (4%) asenapine, astemizole, bendamustine, clobazam,
Dystonia [3] Hot flashes (61%) clopidogrel, clozapine, dextroamphetamine,
FLUVOXAMINE Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
diethylpropion, droperidol, duloxetine, Pregnancy category: C

isocarboxazid, linezolid, MAO inhibitors, FOLIC ACID Important contra-indications noted in the
mazindol, methadone, methamphetamine, prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
neratinib, olanzapine, oxtriphylline, Synonyms: folacin; folate; vitamin B9 pediatric patients
phendimetrazine, phenelzine, phentermine, Indications: Anemias Note: Dulera is formoterol and mometasone;
phenylpropanolamine, pirfenidone, propranolol, Class: Vitamin Symbicort is formoterol and budesonide.
pseudoephedrine, ramelteon, rasagiline, Half-life: N/A Warning: ASTHMA-RELATED DEATH
roflumilast, ropivacaine, selegiline, sibutramine, St Clinically important, potentially hazardous
John’s wort, sumatriptan, sympathomimetics, interactions with: balsalazide, estradiol,
raltitrexed Skin
tacrine, tasimelteon, tizanidine, tramadol, Pruritus (2%)
tranylcypromine, trazodone, troleandomycin, Pregnancy category: A
tryptophan, zolmitriptan Mucosal
Pregnancy category: C Skin Xerostomia (<3%) [4]
Important contra-indications noted in the Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [3] Cardiovascular
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Exanthems [2] Atrial fibrillation [2]
mothers; pediatric patients Pruritus [2] Chest pain (2%)
Warning: SUICIDALITY AND Urticaria [2] Hypertension [2]
ANTIDEPRESSANT DRUGS Myocardial infarction [2]
Palpitation [2]
Skin FONDAPARINUX Central Nervous System
Diaphoresis (<7%) Anxiety (2%)
Photosensitivity [3] Trade name: Arixtra (Mylan) Fever (2%)
Mucosal Indications: Prophylaxis of deep vein thrombosis Headache [9]
Oral lesions (10%) Class: Anticoagulant, Heparinoid Insomnia (2%)
Xerostomia (<14%) [2] Half-life: 17–21 hours Tremor (2%) [7]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Vertigo (dizziness) (2–3%) [3]
Cardiovascular interactions with: abciximab, anagrelide,
Chest pain (3%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal
anticoagulants, cilostazol, clopidogrel, dabigatran, Back pain (4%)
Palpitation (3%) dipyridamole, eptifibatide, nandrolone, salicylates,
QT prolongation [3] Cramps (2%)
ticlopidine, tirofiban Leg cramps (2%)
Central Nervous System Pregnancy category: B Muscle spasm [2]
Anorexia (6–14%) Important contra-indications noted in the
Anxiety (5–8%) prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (3%) mothers; pediatric patients Diarrhea (5%) [2]
Headache (22–35%) Warning: SPINAL/EPIDURAL HEMATOMAS Nausea (5%)
Insomnia (21–35%) Vomiting (2%)
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome [2] Skin Respiratory
Pain (10%) Bullous dermatitis (3%) Asthma (exacerbation) [3]
Seizures [2] Edema (9%) Bronchitis (5%)
Serotonin syndrome [6] Hematoma [2] Cough [6]
Somnolence (drowsiness) (22–27%) Hypersensitivity [4] Dysphonia [2]
Tremor (5–8%) Purpura (4%) Dyspnea (2%) [2]
Vertigo (dizziness) (11–15%) Rash (8%) Nasopharyngitis [8]
Yawning (2–5%) Pharyngitis (4%) [2]
Central Nervous System Pneumonia [2]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Pain (2%)
Asthenia (fatigue) (14–26%) [3] Rhinitis [2]
Myalgia/Myopathy (5%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Upper respiratory tract infection (7%) [3]
Hepatotoxicity [2] Genitourinary
Diarrhea (16–18%) Local Urinary tract infection [2]
Dyspepsia (8–10%) Injection-site bleeding (<10%) Other
Nausea (34–40%) Injection-site pruritus (<10%) Adverse effects [3]
Respiratory Death [2]
Pharyngitis (6%) Infection (17%)
Upper respiratory tract infection (9%) FORMOTEROL
Endocrine/Metabolic
Galactorrhea [2]
Trade names: Dulera (Merck Sharpe & Dohme),
Foradil (Novartis), Perforomist (Mylan),
FOSAMPRENAVIR
Libido decreased (2–10%) Symbicort (AstraZeneca)
SIADH [2] Trade name: Lexiva (ViiV)
Indications: Asthma, bronchospasm Indications: HIV infections (in combination with
Genitourinary Class: Beta-2 adrenergic agonist, Bronchodilator other antiretrovirals)
Ejaculatory dysfunction (8–11%) Half-life: 10–14 hours Class: Antiretroviral, HIV-1 protease inhibitor
Sexual dysfunction [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous Half-life: 7.7 hours
interactions with: beta blockers, clomipramine, Clinically important, potentially hazardous
desipramine, doxepin, imipramine, iobenguane, interactions with: amiodarone, atorvastatin,
nortriptyline, protriptyline, trimipramine avanafil, bepridil, carbamazepine, darifenacin,
delavirdine, dihydroergotamine, efavirenz,
etravirine, flecainide, flibanserin, itraconazole,
ketoconazole, lidocaine, lopinavir, lovastatin,
midazolam, mifepristone, nevirapine, olaparib,
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual GABAPENTIN
phenobarbital, phenytoin, pimozide, tizanidine, tolvaptan, triamterene, trimethoprim Other

posaconazole, propafenone, quinidine, quinine, Pregnancy category: D (category C in first Adverse effects [3]
rifabutin, rifampin, rilpivirine, ritonavir, trimester; category D in second and third Side effects [2]
rivaroxaban, rosuvastatin, sildenafil, simeprevir, trimesters)
simvastatin, St John’s wort, tadalafil, telaprevir, Important contra-indications noted in the
telithromycin, tipranavir, triazolam, vardenafil, prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers
warfarin Warning: USE IN PREGNANCY
GABAPENTIN
Pregnancy category: C Trade names: Horizant (GSK), Neurontin
Important contra-indications noted in the Skin (Pfizer)
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Angioedema [3] Indications: Postherpetic neuralgia in adults,
mothers; pediatric patients seizures
Note: Fosamprenavir is a sulfonamide and can be Respiratory
Cough [3] Class: Anticonvulsant
absorbed systemically. Sulfonamides can produce Half-life: 5–7 hours
severe, possibly fatal, reactions such as toxic Clinically important, potentially hazardous
epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson interactions with: none known
syndrome. FUROSEMIDE Pregnancy category: C
Fosamprenavir is a prodrug of amprenavir (see Important contra-indications noted in the
separate entry). Trade name: Lasix (Sanofi-Aventis) prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Indications: Edema mothers; pediatric patients
Skin Class: Diuretic, loop
Hypersensitivity [2] Half-life: ~2 hours
Pruritus (7%) Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome [2]
Rash (~19%) [5] interactions with: acemetacin, aliskiren,
amikacin, amyl nitrite, celecoxib, diclofenac, Bullous pemphigoid [2]
Central Nervous System digoxin, flurbiprofen, gentamicin, hyaluronic acid, Edema [5]
Depression (8%) hydrocortisone, kanamycin, mivacurium, Exanthems [2]
Headache (19%) neomycin, piroxicam, probenecid, streptomycin, Peripheral edema (8%) [13]
Paresthesias (oral) (2%) tobramycin, tolmetin Rash [2]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Pregnancy category: C Stevens-Johnson syndrome [2]
Asthenia (fatigue) (10%) Important contra-indications noted in the Hair
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Alopecia [2]
Abdominal pain (5%) mothers; pediatric patients Mucosal
Diarrhea [2] Note: Furosemide is a sulfonamide and can be Xerostomia (5%)
Hepatotoxicity [2] absorbed systemically. Sulfonamides can produce
severe, possibly fatal, reactions such as toxic Central Nervous System
Vomiting [2] Aggression [2]
epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson
Respiratory syndrome. Coma [3]
Bronchitis [2] Confusion [4]
Cough [2] Delirium [2]
Nasopharyngitis [3] Skin Fever (10%)
Rhinitis [2] AGEP [2] Gait instability (2%) [4]
Upper respiratory tract infection [2] Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [2] Headache (3%) [9]
Bullous dermatitis [16] Incoordination (2%)
Other Bullous pemphigoid [11]
Adverse effects [3] Neurotoxicity [4]
Erythema multiforme [3] Psychosis [2]
Exanthems (12%) [7] Sedation [5]
Exfoliative dermatitis [3] Seizures [4]
FOSINOPRIL Lichenoid eruption [2] Somnolence (drowsiness) (21%) [40]
Linear IgA bullous dermatosis [2] Tremor [3]
Trade name: Monopril (Bristol-Myers Squibb) Photosensitivity (<10%) [2] Vertigo (dizziness) (17–28%) [51]
Indications: Hypertension, heart failure Phototoxicity [4]
Class: Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) Pruritus [2] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
inhibitor, Antihypertensive, Vasodilator Purpura [3] Asthenia (fatigue) (6%) [13]
Half-life: 12 hours Pustules [3] Ataxia (3%) [10]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Stevens-Johnson syndrome [4] Dystonia [2]
interactions with: alcohol, aldesleukin, Sweet’s syndrome [2] Myalgia/Myopathy [4]
allopurinol, alpha blockers, alprostadil, amifostine, Urticaria [3] Myasthenia gravis [3]
amiloride, angiotensin II receptor blocking agents, Vasculitis [7] Myoclonus [5]
antacids, antidiabetics, antihypertensives, Rhabdomyolysis [4]
Mucosal
antipsychotics, anxiolytics and hypnotics, Xerostomia [3] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
azathioprine, baclofen, beta blockers, calcium Abdominal pain (3%)
channel blockers, clonidine, corticosteroids, Cardiovascular Constipation (4%) [2]
cyclosporine, diazoxide, diuretics, estrogens, Hypotension [2] Diarrhea (6%)
general anesthetics, gold & gold compounds, Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Flatulence (2%) [2]
heparins, hydralazine, hypotensives, insulin, Pancreatitis [3] Nausea (4%) [5]
levodopa, lithium, MAO inhibitors, metformin, Endocrine/Metabolic Vomiting (3%) [3]
methyldopa, minoxidil, moxisylyte, moxonidine, Porphyria cutanea tarda [3] Respiratory
nitrates, nitroprusside, NSAIDs, pentoxifylline, Respiratory depression [2]
phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors, potassium salts, Otic
prostacyclin analogues, rituximab, sirolimus, Hearing loss [2] Endocrine/Metabolic
spironolactone, sulfonylureas, temsirolimus, Ototoxicity [3] Weight gain (2%) [8]
GABAPENTIN See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Genitourinary Hematologic Peripheral edema (2%)

Sexual dysfunction [5] Anemia (3%) Pruritus (8–9%) [6]
Otic Other Rash (43–54%) [67]
Hearing loss [2] Adverse effects [3] Seborrhea [2]
Ocular Toxicity [10]
Diplopia [2] Ulcerations [2]
Hallucinations, visual [2] GARLIC Xerosis (13–26%) [13]
Nystagmus [2]
Vision blurred (3%) Family: Liliaceae Hair
Scientific name: Allium sativum Alopecia [6]
Other Hypertrichosis [2]
Adverse effects [7] Indications: Hypertension,
Infection (5%) hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis, earache, Nails
menstrual disorders, allergy, flu, arthritis, Nail changes (17%)
diarrhea, bacterial and fungal infections, tinea Paronychia (6%) [14]
corporis, tinea pedis, onychomycosis, vaginitis Pyogenic granuloma [2]
GALANTAMINE Class: Immunomodulator Mucosal
Half-life: N/A Mucositis [4]
Trade names: Razadyne (Janssen), Reminyl Clinically important, potentially hazardous
(Janssen) Stomatitis [8]
interactions with: arsenic, atazanavir,
Indications: Alzheimer’s disease chlorpropamide, HIV medications, tipranavir Cardiovascular
Class: Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Pregnancy category: N/A Hypertension [2]
Cholinesterase inhibitor Central Nervous System
Half-life: ~7 hours Anorexia (7–10%) [2]
interactions with: bethanechol, cimetidine, Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [2] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
donepezil, edrophonium, paroxetine Burning [9] Asthenia (fatigue) [12]
hydrochloride, physostigmine, pilocarpine, Dermatitis [20] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
rivastigmine, succinylcholine, tacrine Hypersensitivity [2] Abdominal pain [3]
Pregnancy category: C Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Diarrhea (48–67%) [40]
Important contra-indications noted in the Esophagitis [2] Gastrointestinal perforation [2]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Hematologic Hepatotoxicity [27]
pediatric patients Bleeding [2] Nausea (13–18%) [11]
Note: Originally derived from snowdrop Vomiting (9–12%) [6]
(Galanthus sp) bulbs. Other
Adverse effects [4] Respiratory
Allergic reactions [4] Dyspnea (2%)
Skin Pneumonia [2]
Peripheral edema (>2%) Pneumonitis [4]
Purpura (>2%) Pulmonary toxicity [16]
Cardiovascular
GEFITINIB Endocrine/Metabolic
Bradycardia (2%) [5] Trade name: Iressa (AstraZeneca) ALT increased [8]
QT prolongation [5] Indications: Advanced non-small cell lung cancer Appetite decreased [3]
Central Nervous System Class: Antineoplastic, Biologic, Epidermal growth AST increased [7]
Anorexia (7–9%) [2] factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, Tyrosine kinase Dehydration [2]
Depression (7%) inhibitor Weight loss (3–5%)
Headache (8%) [2] Half-life: 48 hours Genitourinary
Insomnia (5%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous Cystitis [2]
Somnolence (drowsiness) (4%) interactions with: antifungals, BCG vaccine, Renal
Syncope (2%) [3] boceprevir, carbamazepine, cardiac glycosides, Nephrotoxicity [2]
Tremor (3%) clozapine, conivaptan, CYP3A4 inhibitors and
Vertigo (dizziness) (9%) [4] inducers, dasatinib, deferasirox, denosumab, Hematologic
echinacea, efavirenz, grapefruit juice, Anemia [5]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Neutropenia [7]
Asthenia (fatigue) (5%) itraconazole, leflunomide, natalizumab,
phenobarbital, phenytoin, pimecrolimus, Thrombocytopenia [3]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic ranitidine, rifampin, rifapentine, sipuleucel-T, St Ocular
Abdominal pain (5%) John’s wort, tacrolimus, topotecan, trastuzumab, Amblyopia (2%)
Diarrhea (6–12%) [5] vaccines, vitamin K antagonists, voriconazole, Blepharitis [2]
Dyspepsia (5%) warfarin Conjunctivitis [2]
Nausea (6–24%) [7] Pregnancy category: D
Vomiting (4–13%) [7] Other
Respiratory prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Death [8]
Rhinitis (4%) pediatric patients
Upper respiratory tract infection (>2%)
Endocrine/Metabolic Skin
Weight loss (5–7%) Acneform eruption (25–33%) [34]
Genitourinary Desquamation (39%) [2]
Hematuria (3%) Exanthems [3]
Urinary tract infection (8%) Folliculitis [4]
Hand–foot syndrome [2]
Papulopustular eruption [3]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual GENTAMICIN
Cholangitis [2] Pregnancy category: C

GEMCITABINE Constipation [3] Important contra-indications noted in the
Diarrhea (19%) [26] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Trade name: Gemzar (Lilly) Gastrointestinal bleeding [2] pediatric patients
Indications: Pancreatic carcinoma as a single Hepatic disorder [2] Note: Contra-indicated in patients with
agent, ovarian cancer (with carboplatin), breast Hepatotoxicity [11] preexisting gallbladder disease.
cancer (with paclitaxel), non-small cell lung cancer Nausea (69%) [27]
(with cisplatin) Vomiting (69%) [21]
Class: Antimetabolite, Antineoplastic Skin
Half-life: 42–94 minutes for short infusions; 4–11 Respiratory Eczema (2%)
hours for longer infusions Dyspnea (10–23%) [2] Exanthems (3%) [2]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Flu-like syndrome (19%) [2] Psoriasis [3]
interactions with: aldesleukin Pneumonitis [5] Rash (2%)
Pregnancy category: D Pulmonary toxicity [11] Central Nervous System
Important contra-indications noted in the Endocrine/Metabolic Headache [3]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; ALT increased [6] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
pediatric patients Appetite decreased [2] Asthenia (fatigue) (2%)
AST increased [6] Compartment syndrome [2]
Skin Dehydration [2] Myalgia/Myopathy [5]
Acneform eruption [3] Hyperglycemia [2] Rhabdomyolysis [35]
Bullous dermatitis [2] Hypomagnesemia [7]
Hyponatremia [2] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Cellulitis [5] Abdominal pain (10%)
Dermatitis [6] Genitourinary Dyspepsia (20%)
Eczema (13%) Hematuria (30%) Hepatotoxicity [2]
Edema (13%) [4] Renal Pancreatitis [2]
Exanthems [2] Nephrotoxicity [5]
Hand–foot syndrome [19] Other
Renal failure [2] Death [2]
Livedo reticularis [2] Hematologic
Necrosis [2] Anemia (70%) [40]
Peripheral edema (20%) [4] Febrile neutropenia [19]
Hemolytic uremic syndrome [32]
GENTAMICIN
Petechiae (16%)
Pruritus (13%) [2] Hemotoxicity [7] Trade names: Garamycin (Schering), Genoptic
Radiation recall dermatitis (<74%) [17] Leukocytopenia [3] (Allergan)
Rash (30%) [35] Leukopenia (62%) [25] Indications: Various infections caused by
Raynaud’s phenomenon [3] Myelosuppression [7] susceptible organisms
Thrombocytopenic purpura [6] Myelotoxicity [3] Class: Antibiotic, aminoglycoside
Toxic epidermal necrolysis [3] Neutropenia (61%) [91] Half-life: 2–4 hours
Toxicity [6] Thrombocytopenia (30%) [65] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Vasculitis [3] Thrombosis [3] interactions with: adefovir, aldesleukin,
Thrombotic microangiopathy [5] aminoglycosides, atracurium, bumetanide,
Hair
Alopecia (15%) [15] Local carbenicillin, cephalexin, cephalothin, cobicistat/
Injection-site reactions (4%) elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide,
Mucosal doxacurium, ethacrynic acid, furosemide,
Mucositis [7] Other
Adverse effects [9] methoxyflurane, non-polarizing muscle relaxants,
Stomatitis (11%) [13] pancuronium, pipecuronium, polypeptide
Allergic reactions (4%)
Cardiovascular Death [12] antibiotics, rocuronium, succinylcholine,
Arrhythmias [3] Infection (16%) [11] teicoplanin, torsemide, tubocurarine, vecuronium
Atrial fibrillation [4] Pregnancy category: C
Capillary leak syndrome [9] Important contra-indications noted in the
Cardiotoxicity [3] prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Hypertension [3] GEMFIBROZIL mothers
Hypotension [2] Note: Aminoglycosides may cause neurotoxicity
Myocardial infarction [3] Trade name: Lopid (Pfizer) and/or nephrotoxicity.
Thromboembolism [2] Indications: Hyperlipidemia
Venous thromboembolism [4] Class: Fibrate, Lipid regulator
Half-life: 2 hours Skin
Central Nervous System Clinically important, potentially hazardous Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [2]
Anorexia [13] interactions with: atorvastatin, bexarotene, Dermatitis [8]
Fever (41%) [13] colchicine, cyclosporine, dasabuvir/ombitasvir/ Edema (<10%)
Leukoencephalopathy [4] paritaprevir/ritonavir, dicumarol, eluxadoline, Erythema (<10%)
Neurotoxicity [11] enzalutamide, ezetimibe, fluvastatin, interferon Exanthems [5]
Pain [2] alfa, lovastatin, nicotinic acid, paclitaxel, Photosensitivity [2]
Paresthesias (10%) [2] pioglitazone, pitavastatin, pravastatin, repaglinide, Pruritus (<10%)
Peripheral neuropathy [7] rosiglitazone, rosuvastatin, roxithromycin, Hair
Somnolence (drowsiness) (11%) selexipag, simvastatin, treprostinil, warfarin Alopecia [2]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Renal
Asthenia (fatigue) (18%) [49] Fanconi syndrome [2]
Myalgia/Myopathy (>10%) [6] Nephrotoxicity [15]
Abdominal pain [2]
GENTAMICIN Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Otic Panniculitis [2]

Ototoxicity [12] GINSENG Peripheral edema (7%)
Tinnitus [4] Pruritus (4%)
Family: Araliaceae; oriental ginseng Purpura (8%)
Local Scientific name: Panax ginseng
Injection-site necrosis [5] Rash (18%)
Indications: General tonic, improving stamina, Urticaria [2]
cognitive function, concentration, diuretic,
antidepressant, gastritis, neurasthenia, impotence, Hair
Alopecia (>2%)
GINGER fever, hangover, cancer, cardiovascular diseases
Class: Immunomodulator Nails
Family: Zingiberaceae Half-life: N/A Nail changes (>2%)
Scientific name: Zingiber officinale Clinically important, potentially hazardous Mucosal
Indications: Colic, dyspepsia, flatulence, interactions with: alcohol, arsenic, aspirin, Oral vesiculation (6%)
rheumatoid arthritis, loss of appetite, nausea, caffeine, clevidipine, phenelzine, squill, tamoxifen Xerostomia (>2%)
vomiting, upper respiratory infections, cough, Pregnancy category: N/A
bronchitis, burns, tinnitus, flavoring agent, Note: Ginseng has been used for medicinal Cardiovascular
fragrance component purposes for more than 2000 years. Chest pain (13%) [3]
Class: Carminative, Oleoresin Approximately 6,000,000 Americans use it Palpitation (7%) [7]
Half-life: N/A regularly. Vasodilation (20%) [2]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Central Nervous System
interactions with: arsenic, clevidipine, squill Skin Anxiety (13%) [4]
Pregnancy category: N/A Stevens-Johnson syndrome [2] Chills (4%)
Depression (>2%)
Cardiovascular Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (>2%)
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Hypertension [2]
Diarrhea [2] Fever (6%)
Nausea [2] Central Nervous System Hyperesthesia (>2%)
Insomnia [2] Migraine (4%)
Mania [4] Pain (28%) [3]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Paresthesias (>2%) [2]
GINKGO BILOBA Hepatotoxicity [2] Tremor (7%)
Vertigo (dizziness) (>2%)
Family: Ginkgoaceae Endocrine/Metabolic
Scientific name: Ginkgo biloba (Mericon) Mastodynia [3] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Indications: Dementia, memory loss, headache, Arthralgia (24%)
Other Asthenia (fatigue) (19%)
tinnitus, dizziness, mood disturbances, hearing Adverse effects [8]
disorders, intermittent claudication, attention Myalgia/Myopathy (>2%)
Side effects [2]
deficit hyperactivity disorder, premenstrual Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
syndrome, heart disease Hepatotoxicity [3]
Class: Food supplement, Vascular stimulant Nausea (15%) [2]
Half-life: N/A GLATIRAMER Vomiting (7%)
interactions with: anticoagulants, aspirin, Synonym: copolymer-1
Trade names: Copaxone (Teva), Glatopa Cough (>2%)
diuretics, NSAIDs, platelet inhibitors, SSRIs, St Dyspnea [4]
John’s wort, thiazide diuretics, trazodone (Novartis)
Indications: Multiple sclerosis Flu-like syndrome (26%)
Pregnancy category: N/A Sinusitis (>2%)
Note: Ginkgo biloba is the oldest living tree Class: Immunomodulator
species in the world. Ginkgo is the most Half-life: N/A Endocrine/Metabolic
frequently prescribed herbal medicine in Clinically important, potentially hazardous Mastodynia (>2%)
Germany. interactions with: Hemophilus B vaccine Genitourinary
Pregnancy category: B Urinary tract infection [2]
Important contra-indications noted in the Vaginitis (4%)
Skin prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Dermatitis [3] mothers; pediatric patients Otic
Exanthems [2] Tinnitus (>2%)
Fixed eruption [2] Local
Skin
Cardiovascular Acneform eruption (>2%) Injection-site bleeding (5%)
Hypertension [2] Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [3] Injection-site ecchymoses (>2%)
Central Nervous System Cyst (2%) Injection-site edema [2]
Cerebral hemorrhage [2] Diaphoresis (15%) Injection-site erythema (66%) [4]
Seizures [5] Ecchymoses (8%) Injection-site induration (13%) [3]
Eczema (8%) Injection-site inflammation (49%)
Hematologic Injection-site lipoatrophy/lipohypertrophy
Bleeding [2] Edema (8%)
Erythema (4%) [2]
Ocular Facial edema (6%) Injection-site pain (73%) [3]
Ocular adverse effects [2] Flushing [6] Injection-site pruritus (40%) [3]
Other Herpes simplex (4%) Injection-site reactions (6–67%) [15]
Adverse effects [9] Hyperhidrosis (15%) Injection-site urticaria (5%)
Hypersensitivity (3%) Other
Lipoatrophy [3] Adverse effects [5]
Nicolau syndrome [3] Infection (50%) [2]
Nodular eruption (2%)
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual GLYCOPYRROLATE

GLIMEPIRIDE Hyperesthesia (<3%) GLYBURIDE
Paresthesias (<3%)
Trade names: Amaryl (Sanofi-Aventis), Synonyms: glibenclamide; glybenclamide
Avandaryl (GSK) Neuromuscular/Skeletal Trade names: Diabeta (Sanofi-Aventis),
Indications: Non-insulin dependent diabetes Myalgia/Myopathy (<3%) Glucovance (Bristol-Myers Squibb), Glynase
Type ll Endocrine/Metabolic (Pfizer), Micronase (Pfizer)
Class: Sulfonylurea Hypoglycemia [3] Indications: Non-insulin dependent diabetes
Half-life: 5–9 hours Other Type ll
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Adverse effects [2] Class: Sulfonylurea
interactions with: none known Half-life: 5–16 hours
Pregnancy category: C Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Important contra-indications noted in the interactions with: bosentan, colesevelam,
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing GLUCAGON letermovir, norfloxacin
mothers; pediatric patients Pregnancy category: C
Note: Glimepiride is a sulfonamide and can be Trade name: Glucagon Emergency Kit (Lilly) Note: Glyburide is a sulfonamide and can be
absorbed systemically. Sulfonamides can produce Indications: Hypoglycemic reactions absorbed systemically. Sulfonamides can produce
severe, possibly fatal, reactions such as toxic Class: Hormone, polypeptide severe, possibly fatal, reactions such as toxic
epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson Half-life: 3–10 minutes epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson
syndrome Clinically important, potentially hazardous syndrome.
Avandaryl is glimepiride and rosiglitazone. interactions with: insulin degludec, insulin Glucovance is glyburide and metformin.
glargine, insulin glulisine, warfarin
Central Nervous System Skin
Headache [4] Erythema (<5%)
Vertigo (dizziness) [2] Skin Exanthems (<5%) [3]
Erythema necrolyticum migrans [2] Flushing [2]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Exanthems [7]
Arthralgia [2] Linear IgA bullous dermatosis [2]
Folliculitis [2] Pemphigus [2]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Pyoderma gangrenosum [3] Photosensitivity (<10%) [5]
Diarrhea [5] Rash [2] Pruritus (<10%) [3]
Dyspepsia [2] Sweet’s syndrome [7] Psoriasis [2]
Nausea [4] Urticaria (<10%) [2] Purpura [2]
Pancreatitis [2] Vasculitis [9] Rash (<10%)
Endocrine/Metabolic Local Urticaria (<5%) [4]
Hypoglycemia [8] Injection-site reactions [3] Vasculitis [5]
Weight gain [3] Endocrine/Metabolic
Genitourinary Hypoglycemia [2]
Genital mycotic infections [3] GLUCOSAMINE Weight gain [2]
Urinary tract infection [3] Other
Other Trade names: Arthro-Aid (NutraSense), Adverse effects [2]
Adverse effects [5] Glucosamine sulfate (Rottapharm)
Indications: Arthritis, osteoarthritis, cartilage
repair and maintenance, strained joints, improving
joint function and range of motion, alleviating joint GLYCOPYRROLATE
GLIPIZIDE pain
Class: Amino sugar, Food supplement Synonym: glycopyrronium bromide
Trade names: Glucotrol (Pfizer), Metaglip Half-life: N/A Trade names: Cuvposa (Shionogi), Robinul
(Bristol-Myers Squibb) Clinically important, potentially hazardous (Forte), Seebri Neohaler (Novartis), Utibron
Indications: Non-insulin dependent diabetes interactions with: abciximab, cilostazol, Neohaler (Novartis)
Type ll citalopram, clopidogrel, eptifibatide, meloxicam Indications: Duodenal ulcer, irritable bowel
Class: Sulfonylurea Pregnancy category: C syndrome, hyperhidrosis
Half-life: 2–4 hours Class: Anticholinergic, Muscarinic antagonist,
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Non-depolarizing muscle relaxant
interactions with: none known Mucosal Half-life: N/A
Pregnancy category: C Oral vesiculation (7%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Important contra-indications noted in the Central Nervous System interactions with: anticholinergics, arbutamine,
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Depression (6%) belladonna alkaloids, digoxin, disopyramide,
mothers; pediatric patients Neuromuscular/Skeletal meperidine, phenothiazines, procainamide,
Note: Glipizide is a sulfonamide and can be quinidine, ritodrine, tricyclic antidepressants
absorbed systemically. Sulfonamides can produce Pregnancy category: C
severe, possibly fatal, reactions such as toxic Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Important contra-indications noted in the
epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson Dyspepsia [2] prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
syndrome. Hepatotoxicity [3] mothers; pediatric patients
Nausea [2] Note: Utibron Neohaler is glycopyrrolate and
Skin Other indacaterol.
Photosensitivity (<10%) Adverse effects (6%) [4]
Pruritus (<3%) Allergic reactions (4%) [2] Skin
Rash (<10%) Flushing (30%)
Stevens-Johnson syndrome [2] Photosensitivity (<10%)
Urticaria (<10%) Rash [2]
GLYCOPYRROLATE See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Xerosis (>10%) Skin ruxolitinib, sildenafil, simvastatin, sunitinib,

Mucosal Lupus erythematosus [3] tacrolimus, tadalafil, temsirolimus, terfenadine,
Nasal congestion (30%) Malignancies [5] tezacaftor/ivacaftor, tolvaptan, vardenafil,
Xerostomia (40%) [10] Psoriasis [2] venetoclax, voriconazole, warfarin
Rash [3] Pregnancy category: N/A
Cardiovascular
Bradycardia [2] Cardiovascular
Hypertension [2] Skin
Central Nervous System Toxicity [2]
Headache (15%) [2] Central Nervous System
Headache [7] Central Nervous System
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Headache [3]
Constipation (35%) [2] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Vomiting (40%) Arthralgia [3] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Asthenia (fatigue) [2] Rhabdomyolysis [3]
Respiratory
Sinusitis (15%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Other
Upper respiratory tract infection (15%) Colitis [2] Adverse effects [2]
Diarrhea [4]
Genitourinary Nausea [6]
Urinary retention (15%)
Ocular
Respiratory GREEN TEA
Cough [2]
Mydriasis [2] Nasopharyngitis (6%) [7] Family: Theaceae
Local Pneumonia [4] Scientific names: Camellia sinensis, Camellia
Injection-site irritation (>10%) Pulmonary toxicity [2] thea, Camellia theifera, Thea bohea, Thea sinensis,
Tuberculosis [2] Thea viridis
Upper respiratory tract infection (7%) [7] Indications: Improving cognitive performance,
stomach disorders, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea,
GOLDENSEAL Endocrine/Metabolic
anticancer, headaches, Crohn’s disease. Topical:
ALT increased [4]
soothe sunburn, bleeding gums, reduce sweating
Family: Ranunculaceae AST increased [3]
Scientific name: Hydrastis canadensis Class: Food supplement, TNF inhibitor, Xanthine
Genitourinary alkaloid
Indications: Oral: Anorexia, fever, hemorrhoids, Urinary tract infection [2]
hemorrhage, liver disorders, menstrual disorders, Half-life: N/A
rhinitis, upper respiratory tract infections, urinary Hematologic Clinically important, potentially hazardous
tract infections. Topical: Acne, conjunctivitis, Sepsis [4] interactions with: none known
dandruff, earache, eczema, eye inflammation, Local
herpes, itching, mouthwash, rash, ringworm, Note: Tea is consumed as a beverage.
Injection-site erythema [7]
tinnitus, wounds Injection-site reactions (6%) [7]
Class: Immunomodulator, Isoquinolone alkaloid Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Other
Half-life: N/A Hepatotoxicity [9]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Other
Death [3]
interactions with: clevidipine Adverse effects [5]
Infection (28%) [18]
GOLIMUMAB GRAPEFRUIT JUICE GRISEOFULVIN

Family: Rutaceae Trade names: Fulvicin (Schering), Grifulvin V
Trade name: Simponi (Centocor) (Ortho), Gris-PEG (Pedinol)
Scientific names: Citrus decumana, Citrus
Indications: Rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic Indications: Fungal infections of the skin, hair
maxima, Citrus paradisi
arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, ulcerative colitis and nails
Indications: Atherosclerosis, anti-cancer agent,
Class: Disease-modifying antirheumatic drug Class: Antifungal
cholesterol reduction, psoriasis, weight reduction,
(DMARD), Monoclonal antibody, TNF inhibitor Half-life: 9–24 hours
source of potassium, vitamin C, and fiber
Half-life: 2 weeks Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Class: CYP3A4 inhibitor, Food supplement
Clinically important, potentially hazardous interactions with: alcohol, levonorgestrel,
Half-life: N/A
interactions with: abatacept, anakinra, live liraglutide, midazolam, thalidomide, ulipristal
vaccines Pregnancy category: C
interactions with: abemaciclib, alprazolam,
Pregnancy category: B Important contra-indications noted in the
ambrisentan, amiodarone, amitriptyline,
aprepitant, astemizole, atorvastatin, bexarotene,
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; pediatric patients
brigatinib, buspirone, cabazitaxel, cabozantinib,
pediatric patients
ceritinib, cilostazol, colchicine, copanlisib,
Note: TNF inhibitors should be used in patients
corticosteroids, crizotinib, cyclosporine, Skin
with heart failure only after consideration of other
deflazacort, dronedarone, efavirenz, eliglustat, Angioedema [3]
treatment options. TNF inhibitors are contra-
enalapril, eplerenone, estradiol, everolimus, Bullous dermatitis [2]
indicated in patients with a personal or family
felodipine, flibanserin, gefitinib, ibrutinib, indinavir, Cold urticaria [2]
history of multiple sclerosis or demyelinating
itraconazole, ivacaftor, ixabepilone, lapatinib, Erythema multiforme [6]
disease. TNF inhibitors should not be
lercanidipine, lomitapide, lovastatin, midazolam, Exanthems [6]
administered to patients with moderate to severe
midostaurin, mifepristone, naloxegol, neratinib, Exfoliative dermatitis [2]
heart failure (New York Heart Association
nifedipine, nilotinib, nisoldipine, olaparib, Fixed eruption [7]
Functional Class III/IV).
palbociclib, pazopanib, pimozide, ponatinib, Lichenoid eruption [2]
Warning: SERIOUS INFECTIONS AND
prednisolone, prednisone, propafenone, Lupus erythematosus [14]
MALIGNANCY
ranolazine, red rice yeast, regorafenib, Petechiae [2]
repaglinide, ribociclib, rosiglitazone, rupatadine, Photosensitivity (<10%) [18]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual HAWTHORN (FRUIT, LEAF, FLOWER EXTRACT)
Pigmentation [2] Central Nervous System Neuromuscular/Skeletal

Pruritus [4] Headache (5%) [8] Dystonia [3]
Rash (>10%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal Myoclonus [2]
Serum sickness-like reaction [3] Arthralgia (3%) [2] Rhabdomyolysis [7]
Stevens-Johnson syndrome [3] Back pain [3] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Toxic epidermal necrolysis [4] Constipation [2]
Urticaria (>10%) [5] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Diarrhea (2%) Pancreatitis [2]
Vasculitis [2]
Hepatotoxicity (3%) Respiratory
Mucosal Pneumonia [2]
Oral candidiasis (<10%) Respiratory
Nasopharyngitis [15] Endocrine/Metabolic
Central Nervous System Upper respiratory tract infection (14%) [10] Galactorrhea [4]
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) [3] Hyperprolactinemia [2]
Local
Endocrine/Metabolic Injection-site erythema [2] Hypoglycemia [2]
Gynecomastia [2] Injection-site reactions (5%) [2] SIADH [3]
Porphyria [12] Weight gain [2]
Other
Other Infection [6] Genitourinary
Adverse effects [2] Priapism [3]
Allergic reactions (<5%) Urinary retention [3]
HALOPERIDOL Local
Injection-site reactions [3]
GUARANA Trade name: Haldol (Ortho-McNeil) Other
Indications: Schizophrenia, Tourette’s disorder Adverse effects [5]
Family: Sapindaceae Class: Antiemetic, Antipsychotic Death [7]
Scientific names: Paullinia cupana, Paullinia Half-life: 20 hours
sorbilis Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Indications: Aphrodisiac, diarrhea, fatigue, fever,
heart problems, headache, mental alertness,
interactions with: acemetacin, arsenic,
benztropine, citalopram, clozapine, darifenacin,
HAWTHORN (FRUIT,
neuralgia, weight loss. Cosmetic products, anti-
cellulite creams, shampoo for hair loss. Flavoring
fluoxetine, itraconazole, lisdexamfetamine, LEAF, FLOWER
lithium, meloxicam, methotrexate, moxifloxacin,
Class: Stimulant, mild
Half-life: N/A
nilotinib, oxybutynin, propranolol, quinine, EXTRACT)
ribociclib, sotalol, sulpiride, tetrabenazine,
Clinically important, potentially hazardous tiotropium, trospium, vandetanib, venlafaxine Family: Rosaceae
interactions with: caffeine, clozapine, ephedra, Pregnancy category: C Scientific names: Crataegus laevigata, Crataegus
MAO inhibitors Important contra-indications noted in the monogyna, Crataegus oxyacantha, Crataegus
Pregnancy category: N/A prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; pediatric pentagyna
Note: The main constituent of guarana is patients Indications: Amenorrhea, arrhythmias,
caffeine. It contains more than twice as much Warning: INCREASED MORTALITY IN atherosclerosis, diuretic, hyperlipidemia,
caffeine as coffee or tea. Excessive consumption ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH DEMENTIA- hypertension, hypotension, sedative, appetite
of caffeine is contraindicated for persons with RELATED PSYCHOSIS stimulant, arthritis, enteritis, indigestion, sore
high blood pressure, cardiac disorders, diabetes, throats. Topical: boils, sores and ulcers
ulcers, and epilepsy. See also separate profile for Class: Cardio-stimulant
caffeine. Skin
Cellulitis [2] Half-life: N/A
Diaphoresis [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Central Nervous System Photosensitivity [3] interactions with: clevidipine, squill,
Seizures [2] Seborrheic dermatitis [2] vasodilators
Other Pregnancy category: N/A
Hair Note: The American Herbal Products
Adverse effects [7] Alopecia areata [2] Association (AHPA) gives hawthorn a class 1
Mucosal safety rating, indicating that it is very safe.
Xerostomia [4] However, hawthorn should be used with caution
GUSELKUMAB Cardiovascular in patients with heart disease.
Trade name: Tremfya (Janssen Biotech) Arrhythmias [2]

Indications: Moderate-to-severe plaque QT prolongation [23] Skin
psoriasis Torsades de pointes [12] Hypersensitivity [2]
Class: Interleukin-23 inhibitor, Monoclonal Rash (hands) [4]
antibody Agitation [4] Cardiovascular
Half-life: 15–18 days Akathisia [9] Circulatory collapse [2]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Delirium [3] Palpitation [2]
interactions with: live vaccines Extrapyramidal symptoms [9] Central Nervous System
Pregnancy category: N/A (Insufficient evidence Headache [2] Headache [2]
to inform drug-associated risk) Insomnia [4] Migraine [2]
Important contra-indications noted in the Neuroleptic malignant syndrome [36] Vertigo (dizziness) [4]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Parkinsonism [8]
pediatric patients Sedation [3] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Somnolence (drowsiness) [6] Hepatotoxicity [2]
Skin Tardive dyskinesia (<37%) [5] Other
Pruritus [2] Tremor [7] Adverse effects [2]
HEMOPHILUS B VACCINE Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
HEMOPHILUS B HEPARIN HEPATITIS A VACCINE

VACCINE Trade names: Hep-Flush (Wyeth), Viaflex Trade names: Avaxim (Sanofi Pasteur), Havrix
(Baxter) (GSK), Vaqta (Merck)
Trade names: ActHIB (Sanofi-Aventis), Comvax Indications: Venous thrombosis, pulmonary Indications: Hepatitis A immunization
(Merck), HibTITER (Lederle), OmniHIB (GSK), embolism, intravascular coagulation, peripheral Class: Vaccine
PedivaxHIB (Merck), ProHIBIT (Connaught) arterial embolism Half-life: >2 years
Indications: Hemophilus B immunization Class: Anticoagulant, Heparinoid Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Class: Vaccine Half-life: 2 hours interactions with: none known
Half-life: N/A Clinically important, potentially hazardous Pregnancy category: C
Clinically important, potentially hazardous interactions with: acenocoumarol, aliskiren,
interactions with: azathioprine, basiliximab, antihistamines, aspirin, balsalazide, bivalirudin,
corticosteroids, cyclosporine, daclizumab,
Skin
butabarbital, ceftobiprole, dabigatran, danaparoid, Rash (<10%)
glatiramer, mycophenolate, sirolimus, tacrolimus defibrotide, desvenlafaxine, iloprost, nandrolone,
Pregnancy category: C nicotine, nitroglycerin, palifermin, piperacillin/ Central Nervous System
tazobactam, salicylates, tirofiban, warfarin Anorexia (<10%)
Skin Pregnancy category: C Chills (<10%)
Erythema [2] Important contra-indications noted in the Fever (>10%) [2]
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly Guillain–Barré syndrome [2]
Note: A higher incidence of bleeding has been Headache (>10%) [3]
reported in patients over 60 years of age, Somnolence (drowsiness) (>10%)
HENNA especially women. Contra-indicated in patients Neuromuscular/Skeletal
with severe thrombocyopenia. Arm pain (<10%)
Family: Lythraceae
Scientific names: Lawsonia alba, Lawsonia Asthenia (fatigue) (<10%)
inermis Skin Back pain (<10%)
Indications: Analgesic, antipyretic, seborrheic Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [4] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
dermatitis, fungal infections, gastrointestinal Bullous dermatitis [4] Constipation (<10%)
ulcers, sunscreen, dandruff, scabies, headache, Dermatitis [6] Diarrhea (<10%)
jaundice, decorative tattoos, Used in cosmetics, Ecchymoses [3] Nausea (<10%)
body paint, hair dyes, hair care products Erythema [2] Vomiting (<10%)
Class: Anti-inflammatory Exanthems [2] Respiratory
Half-life: N/A Hypersensitivity [17] Cough (<10%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Lesions [2] Nasopharyngitis (<10%)
interactions with: none known Livedo reticularis [2] Pharyngitis (<10%)
Pregnancy category: N/A Necrosis [56] Rhinitis (<10%)
Note: Black Henna is henna plus Petechiae [2] Upper respiratory tract infection (<10%)
paraphenylenediamine (PPD). PPD is added to Purpura (>10%)
henna to make it stain black. PPD is a transdermal Toxic epidermal necrolysis [2] Otic
toxin and may be used alone as hair dye or to Urticaria [6] Otitis media (<10%)
stain skin black. Other products called ‘black Vasculitis [6] Ocular
henna’ may have indigo or food dyes added, and Hair Conjunctivitis (<10%)
are generally not harmful to the skin. Alopecia [2] Local
Adverse side effects to pure henna are rare; those Injection-site erythema [2]
reported above may be due to additives. Henna
Mucosal
Gingivitis (>10%) Injection-site pain (<10%) [7]
tattoos were popularized by the singer, Madonna. Injection-site reactions [5]
Her black patterns, however, were created with Genitourinary
body paint, not henna. Priapism [6] Other
Adverse effects [2]
Hematologic
Skin Bleeding [2]
Angioedema [3] Hemorrhage [7]
Dermatitis [34] Thrombocytopenia [102] HEPATITIS B VACCINE
Edema [3] Thrombosis [9]
Erythema [3] Trade names: Comvax (Merck), Engerix B
Local (GSK), Pediatrix (GSK), Recombivax HB (Merck),
Hypersensitivity [10] Injection-site eczematous eruption [5]
Lichenoid eruption [4] Twinrix (GSK)
Injection-site induration [4] Other common trade names: Heptavax-B
Pigmentation [3] Injection-site necrosis [4]
Pruritus [3] Indications: For immunization of infection
Injection-site plaques [2] caused by all known subtypes of hepatitis B virus
Urticaria [3]
Other Class: Vaccine
Other Allergic reactions (<10%) [3] Half-life: N/A
Adverse effects [2] Death [6] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Allergic reactions [3] interactions with: none known
Death [3] Pregnancy category: C
Skin
Churg-Strauss syndrome [2]
Dermatomyositis [2]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS VACCINE (BIVALENT)
Erythema nodosum [3] Pregnancy category: N/A Injection-site erythema (17–25%) [3]
Gianotti–Crosti syndrome [2] Note: The active ingredient is a toxic glycoside, Injection-site pain (61–84%) [5]
Granuloma annulare [2] escin. Injection-site pruritus (3%)
Lichen planus [18] Injection-site reactions [6]
Lichenoid eruption [4] Other Other
Lupus erythematosus [9] Adverse effects (mild) [2] Adverse effects [4]
Pemphigus [2] Toothache (2%)
Pseudolymphoma [2]
Purpura [6]
Raynaud’s phenomenon [2] HORSETAIL
Urticaria [3] HUMAN PAPILLOMA-
Vasculitis [11] Family: Equisetaceae
Scientific names: Equisetum arvense, Equisetum VIRUS VACCINE
Hair myriochaetum, Equisetum ramosissimum,
Alopecia [2] Equisetum telmateia (BIVALENT)
Cardiovascular Indications: Oral: Alopecia, diabetes, hepatitis,
Trade name: Cervarix (GSK)
Polyarteritis nodosa [5] bacterial infections, osteoarthritis, pressure
ulcers, urinary tract infections. Topical: burns Indications: Prevention of human papillomavirus
Central Nervous System (HPV) types 16 and 18 in females aged 10–25
Guillain–Barré syndrome [4] Class: Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidant, Diuretic
years old
Neurotoxicity [2] Half-life: N/A
Class: Vaccine
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Half-life: N/A
interactions with: diuretics, nicotine
Arthralgia [4] Pregnancy category: N/A Clinically important, potentially hazardous
interactions with: immunosuppressants
Ocular
Optic neuropathy [3] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Important contra-indications noted in the
Uveitis [2] Hepatotoxicity [2] prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Local mothers; pediatric patients
Injection-site edema [2]
Injection-site pain (22%) [3]
HUMAN PAPILLOMA- Skin
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis (3%)
Other VIRUS (HPV) VACCINE [2]
Adverse effects [2] Erythema (<10%) [4]
Death [2] Synonym: HPV4
Pruritus (<10%)
Trade names: Gardasil (Merck), Silgard (Merck)
Rash (<10%)
Indications: For prevention of HPV genital
Urticaria (7%)
warts, cervical cancers and vulvar dysplasias
HOPS (against Types 6, 11, 16 and 18 human Central Nervous System
papillomavirus) Fever (13%) [3]
Family: Cannabaceae Class: Vaccine Headache (53%) [2]
Scientific name: Humulus lupulus Half-life: N/A Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Indications: Insomnia, anxiety, diuretic, appetite Clinically important, potentially hazardous Arthralgia (21%)
stimulant. Flavoring in foods and beverages interactions with: immunosuppressants Asthenia (fatigue) (55%)
Class: Cannabinoid, Phytoestrogen, Sedative Pregnancy category: B Myalgia/Myopathy (49%)
Half-life: N/A Important contra-indications noted in the
interactions with: none known Abdominal pain (28%)
Pregnancy category: N/A Diarrhea (28%)
Nausea (28%)
Mucosal Vomiting (28%)
Skin Oropharyngeal pain (3%)
Urticaria [2] Local
Central Nervous System Injection-site edema (44%) [3]
Cognitive impairment [2] Injection-site erythema (48%)
Fever (13%) [4] Injection-site pain (92%) [9]
HORSE CHESTNUT Headache (28%) [9] Injection-site reactions [5]
Myelitis [2]
(BARK, FLOWER, LEAF, Vertigo (dizziness) (<4%) [2]
Other
Adverse effects [2]
SEED) Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Family: Hippocastanaceae Myalgia/Myopathy [2]
Scientific name: Aesculus hippocastanum
Indications: Oral: malaria, dysentery, tinnitus,
Diarrhea (3–4%)
pancreatitis, cough, arthritis, rheumatism, chronic
Nausea (2–7%) [2]
venous insufficiency. Topical: lupus, skin ulcers
Vomiting (<2%)
eczema, phlebitis, varicose veins, hemorrhoids,
rectal problems Respiratory
Class: Diuretic Cough (2%)
Half-life: N/A Nasopharyngitis (3%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Upper respiratory tract infection (2%)
interactions with: NSAIDs Local
Injection-site bruising (3%)
Injection-site edema (14–25%) [3]
HYALURONIC ACID See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Injection-site pruritus [2]

HYALURONIC ACID Injection-site reactions (<11%) [12] HYDROCHLORO-
Synonym: hyaluronidase Other THIAZIDE
Trade names: Euflexxa (Ferring), Hyalgan Adverse effects [14]
(Sanofi-Aventis), Hylan G-F 20 (Synvisc), Infection [2] Trade names: Accuretic (Pfizer), Aldactazide
Juvederm (Allergan), Perlane (Q-Med AB), (Pfizer), Aldoril (Merck), Atacand HCT
Restylane Fine Lines (Medicis), Vitrase (ISTA (AstraZeneca), Avalide (Bristol-Myers Squibb),
Pharma) HYDRALAZINE Capozide (Par), Diovan HCT (Novartis), Dyazide
Indications: Oral: joint disorders Injection: (GSK), Hyzaar (Merck), Inderide (Wyeth),
adjunct in eye surgery, viscosupplementation in Trade names: Apresazide (Novartis), Apresoline Lopressor (Novartis), Lotensin (Novartis),
orthopedics, cosmetic surgery Topical: wounds, (Novartis), Ser-Ap-Es (Novartis) Lotensin HCT (Novartis), Micardis (Boehringer
burns, skin ulcers, stomatitis Indications: Hypertension Ingelheim), Microzide (Watson), Moduretic
Class: Food supplement, Glycoaminoglycan Class: Vasodilator (Merck), Prinzide (Merck), Tekturna HCT
Half-life: 2.5–5.5 minutes Half-life: 3–7 hours (Novartis), Teveten HCT (Biovail), Uniretic
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Clinically important, potentially hazardous (Schwarz), Vaseretic (Biovail), Zestoretic
interactions with: furosemide, local anesthetics, interactions with: acebutolol, alfuzosin, (AstraZeneca), Ziac (Barr)
NSAIDs, oral anticoagulants captopril, cilazapril, diclofenac, enalapril, Indications: Edema
Pregnancy category: C fosinopril, levodopa, levomepromazine, lisinopril, Class: Diuretic, thiazide
Important contra-indications noted in the meloxicam, olmesartan, quinapril, ramipril, Half-life: 5.6–14.8 hours
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; trandolapril, triamcinolone, trifluoperazine, Clinically important, potentially hazardous
pediatric patients zuclopenthixol interactions with: digoxin, dofetilide, lithium,
Note: Most reported reactions relate to Pregnancy category: C zinc
orthopedic use. Note: Apresazide is hydralazine and Pregnancy category: B
hydrochlorothiazide; Ser-Ap-Es is hydralazine, Important contra-indications noted in the
reserpine and hydrochlorothiazide. prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Skin pediatric patients
Acneform eruption (<29%) Hydrochlorothiazide is a sulfonamide and can be
absorbed systemically. Sulfonamides can produce Note: Hydrochlorothiazide is a sulfonamide and
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [2] can be absorbed systemically. Sulfonamides can
Angioedema [6] severe, possibly fatal, reactions such as toxic
epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson produce severe, possibly fatal, reactions such as
Churg-Strauss syndrome [12] toxic epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson
Dermatitis (24%) syndrome.
syndrome.
Ecchymoses [3] Hydrochlorothiazide is often used in combination,
Edema [9] Skin
e.g. with aliskiren (Tekturna HCT); amiloride
Erythema [6] Edema [2]
(Moduretic); benazepril (Lotensin HCT);
Erythema multiforme [2] Exanthems [4]
bisoprolol (Ziac); captopril (Capozide); enalapril
Facial edema [3] Flushing (>10%)
(Vaseretic); irbesartan (Avalide); lisinopril
Granulomatous reaction [2] Lupus erythematosus (7%) [114]
(Prinzide and Zestoretic); losartan (Hyzaar);
Hematoma [2] Photosensitivity [2]
methyldopa (Aldoril); moexipril (Uniretic);
Herpes simplex [2] Purpura [3]
spironolactone (Aldactazide); triamterene
Hypersensitivity [6] Sweet’s syndrome [6]
(Dyazide and Maxzide).
Induration [2] Toxic epidermal necrolysis [2]
Inflammation [7] Ulcerations [2]
Necrosis [4] Vasculitis [14] Skin
Nodular eruption [2] Dermatitis [2]
Mucosal
Pigmentation [2] Diaphoresis [2]
Oral ulceration [2]
Pruritus [4] Edema [2]
Orogenital ulceration [2]
Erythema annulare centrifugum [2]
Cardiovascular Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Lichenoid eruption [5]
Arterial occlusion [2] Hepatitis [2] Lupus erythematosus [16]
Hypertension (4%) Hepatotoxicity [2] Peripheral edema [5]
Central Nervous System Respiratory Photosensitivity [20]
Pain [4] Alveolar hemorrhage (pulmonary) [2] Phototoxicity [5]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Purpura [7]
Renal Rash [2]
Arthralgia [9] Glomerulonephritis [5]
Back pain (5%) Toxic epidermal necrolysis [2]
Chondritis (<11%) [2] Vasculitis [3]
Gouty tophi [3] Cardiovascular
Tendinitis (2%) Hypotension [6]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Orthostatic hypotension [2]
Nausea (2%) Central Nervous System
Ocular Headache [7]
Orbital inflammation [2] Vertigo (dizziness) [9]
Local Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Injection-site bruising [4] Asthenia (fatigue) [3]
Injection-site ecchymoses [2] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Injection-site edema (20%) [13] Diarrhea [2]
Injection-site erythema (47%) [9] Nausea [2]
Injection-site granuloma [2] Pancreatitis [4]
Injection-site nodules [3]
Injection-site pain (8–47%) [16]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual HYDROQUINONE
Respiratory Tremor (3%) Pruritus (<11%) [12]

Upper respiratory tract infection [3] Vertigo (dizziness) (2–3%) [4] Mucosal
Endocrine/Metabolic Neuromuscular/Skeletal Xerostomia (<10%)
Hyponatremia [4] Arthralgia (<10%) Cardiovascular
Serum creatinine increased [2] Asthenia (fatigue) (<4%) Bradycardia [2]
SIADH [4] Back pain (<4%) [2] Hypotension [2]
Renal Bone or joint pain (<10%)
Muscle spasm (<3%) Central Nervous System
Nephrotoxicity [2] Agitation [3]
Myalgia/Myopathy (<10%)
Ocular Neck pain (<10%) Dysgeusia (taste perversion) [3]
Glaucoma [2] Pain in extremities (<10%) Headache [5]
Other Hyperalgesia [3]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Somnolence (drowsiness) [6]
Adverse effects [5] Abdominal pain (2–3%)
Death [2] Tremor [2]
Constipation (8–11%) [7] Vertigo (dizziness) [10]
Gastroesophageal reflux (<10%)
Nausea (7–10%) [9] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
HYDROCODONE Vomiting [8]
Myoclonus [3]
Respiratory
Trade names: Duratuss (UCB), Entex HC Cough (<10%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
(Andrx), Hycotuss (Endo), Hydromet (Actavis), Dyspnea (<10%) Constipation [11]
Hysingla ER (Purdue), Lortab (UCB), Maxidone Respiratory depression [2] Nausea [18]
(Watson), Norco (Watson), Tussionex (Celltech), Upper respiratory tract infection (<3%) Vomiting [11]
Vicodin (AbbVie), Vicoprofen (AbbVie), Zohydro Endocrine/Metabolic
ER (Pernix), Zydone (Endo) Endocrine/Metabolic
Dehydration (<10%) Appetite decreased [2]
Indications: Acute pain, coughing
Class: Opiate agonist GGT increased (<10%) Other
Half-life: 3.8 hours Hypokalemia (<10%) Adverse effects [7]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Genitourinary
interactions with: alcohol, buprenorphine, Urinary tract infection (<5%)
butorphanol, CYP3A4 inhibitors or inducers, HYDROQUINONE
MAO inhibitors, nalbuphine, pentazocine
HYDROMORPHONE Trade names: Ambi (Johnson & Johnson), Lustra
(Taro)
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Trade names: Dilaudid (AbbVie), Exalgo Indications: Ultraviolet induced dyschromia and
pediatric patients (Mallinckrodt), Jurnista (Janssen-Cilag), Palladone discoloration resulting from the use of oral
Note: Hydrocodone is included in many (Napp) contraceptives, pregnancy, hormone replacement
combination drugs. Other medications that can Indications: Pain therapy, or skin trauma
be included in these preparations include: Class: Opiate agonist Class: Depigmentation agent
phenylpropanolamine, phenylephrine, pyrilamine, Half-life: 1–3 hours; 2 hours (IV) Half-life: N/A
pseudoephedrine, acetaminophen, ibuprofen, and Clinically important, potentially hazardous Clinically important, potentially hazardous
others. Zohydro ER is the first extended-release, interactions with: alcohol, alvimopan, interactions with: none known
single-entity hydrocodone-containing drug ammonium chloride, amphetamines, Pregnancy category: C
product approved by the FDA and reflects the anticholinergics, anxiolytics and hypnotics, Important contra-indications noted in the
newly updated labeling requirements recently buprenorphine, butorphanol, cimetidine, CNS prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
announced by the FDA. depressants, desmopressin, domperidone, pediatric patients
Warning: ADDICTION, ABUSE, AND MISUSE; droperidol, linezolid, MAO inhibitors,
LIFE-THREATENING RESPIRATORY metoclopramide, moclobemide, nalbuphine, Skin
DEPRESSION; ACCIDENTAL INGESTION; pegvisomant, pentazocine, phenothiazines, Acneform eruption [2]
NEONATAL OPIOID WITHDRAWAL sodium oxybate, SSRIs, St John’s wort, Burning [2]
SYNDROME; INTERACTION WITH succinylcholine, thiazide diuretics Contact dermatitis (localized) [2]
ALCOHOL; and CYTOCHROME P450 3A4 Pregnancy category: C Depigmentation [2]
INTERACTION Important contra-indications noted in the Erythema [4]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Ochronosis [15]
Skin pediatric patients Peeling [2]
Hot flashes (<10%) Note: OROS hydromorphone prolonged release Pigmentation [3]
Hyperhidrosis (<10%) (Jurnista) is a once-daily formulation of Pruritus [2]
Peripheral edema (<3%) hydromorphone that utilizes OROS (osmotic- Scaling [2]
Pruritus (3%) [2] controlled release oral delivery system) Striae [2]
Rash (<10%) technology to deliver the drug at a near constant Xerosis [2]
Mucosal rate. Other
Xerostomia (3%) Warning: ADDICTION, ABUSE, AND MISUSE; Adverse effects [3]
LIFE-THREATENING RESPIRATORY
Cardiovascular DEPRESSION; ACCIDENTAL INGESTION;
Chest pain (<10%) NEONATAL OPIOID WITHDRAWAL
Central Nervous System SYNDROME; and INTERACTION WITH
Fever (<10%) ALCOHOL
Headache [2]
Migraine (<10%) Skin
Paresthesias (<10%) Flushing (<10%)
Somnolence (drowsiness) (<5%) [4]
HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Porphyria [7] Oral pigmentation [2]

HYDROXY- Weight loss [2] Oral squamous cell carcinoma [2]
Oral ulceration [8]
CHLOROQUINE Hematologic
Stomatitis (>10%) [4]
Anemia [3]
Neutropenia [2] Tongue pigmentation (<29%) [3]
Trade name: Plaquenil (Sanofi-Aventis)
Indications: Malaria, lupus erythematosus, Thrombocytopenia [4] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
rheumatoid arthritis Otic Pancreatitis [2]
Class: Antimalarial, Antiprotozoal, Disease- Hearing loss [2] Other
modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) Adverse effects [2]
Ocular
Half-life: 32–50 days Death [2]
Maculopathy [5]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Side effects (7–35%) [3]
interactions with: chloroquine, cholestyramine,
Ocular toxicity [9]
dapsone, droperidol, ethosuximide, lacosamide,
Reduced visual acuity [2]
lanthanum, moxifloxacin, neostigmine,
oxcarbazepine, penicillamine, tiagabine, typhoid
Retinopathy [30] HYDROXYZINE
Vision blurred [3]
vaccine, vigabatrin, yellow fever vaccine
Other Trade names: Atarax (Pfizer), Vistaril (Pfizer)
Adverse effects [8] Indications: Anxiety and tension, pruritus
Death [3] Class: Histamine H1 receptor antagonist,
Muscarinic antagonist
pediatric patients
Skin HYDROXYUREA interactions with: alcohol, barbiturates, CNS
AGEP [23] depressants, efavirenz, lurasidone, narcotics, non-
Bullous dermatitis [2] Synonym: hydroxycarbamide narcotic analgesics
DRESS syndrome [3] Trade names: Droxia (Bristol-Myers Squibb), Pregnancy category: C
Erythema annulare centrifugum [3] Hydrea (Bristol-Myers Squibb) Important contra-indications noted in the
Erythema multiforme [2] Indications: Leukemia, malignant tumors prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers
Erythroderma [3] Class: Antineoplastic, Antiretroviral
Exanthems (<5%) [4] Half-life: 3–4 hours
interactions with: adefovir, aldesleukin AGEP [3]
Pregnancy category: D Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [2]
Angioedema [3]
Phototoxicity [3]
Pigmentation (<10%) [19] Skin Exanthems [3]
Pruritus (>10%) [13] Acral erythema [8] Fixed eruption [3]
Psoriasis (exacerbation) [14] Atrophy [4] Urticaria [4]
Rash (<10%) [4] Dermatitis [3]
Thrombocytopenic purpura [2] Dermatomyositis [29] Mucosal
Toxic epidermal necrolysis [3] Exanthems (<10%) Xerostomia (12%) [4]
Urticaria [2] Fixed eruption [4] Central Nervous System
Hair Ichthyosis [3] Somnolence (drowsiness) [5]
Alopecia [2] Keratoses [2] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Hair pigmentation (bleaching) (<10%) [8] Leg ulceration (29%) [20] Vomiting [2]
Lichen planus [3]
Nails
Nail pigmentation [3]
Mucosal Palmar–plantar desquamation [6] HYOSCYAMINE
Oral pigmentation [7] Pigmentation (<58%) [18]
Stomatitis [2] Poikiloderma [3] Trade names: IB-Stat (InKline), Levbid
Pruritus [3] (Schwarz), Levsin (Schwarz), Levsin/SL
Cardiovascular
Purpura [2] (Schwarz), Levsinex (Schwarz), Nulev (Schwarz)
Cardiomyopathy [8]
Radiation recall dermatitis [2] Indications: Treatment of gastrointestinal tract
Cardiotoxicity [4]
Squamous cell carcinoma [2] disorders caused by spasm, adjunctive therapy for
QT prolongation [3]
Telangiectasia [2] peptic ulcers, cystitis, Parkinsonism, biliary and
Central Nervous System Tumors [5] renal colic
Anorexia [2] Class: Anticholinergic, Muscarinic antagonist
Ulcerations [27]
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) [2] Half-life: N/A
Vasculitis [6]
Headache [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Xerosis (<10%) [7]
Neurotoxicity [3] interactions with: anticholinergics, arbutamine
Hair Pregnancy category: C
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Alopecia (<10%) [8]
Asthenia (fatigue) [3] Important contra-indications noted in the
Myalgia/Myopathy [8] Nails prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Atrophic nails [3] mothers; pediatric patients
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Melanonychia [7]
Diarrhea [5]
Nail changes [4] Skin
Dysphagia [2]
Nail dystrophy [2] Photosensitivity (<10%)
Nausea [6]
Nail pigmentation [18] Xerosis (>10%)
Vomiting [4]
Onycholysis [2]
Endocrine/Metabolic Mucosal
Mucosal Xerostomia (>10%)
Hypoglycemia [4]
Oral lesions [2]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual IBUPROFEN
Cardiovascular Infection (4%) Genitourinary

Tachycardia [2] Tooth disorder (4%) Urinary tract infection (14%) [2]
Local Hematologic
Injection-site inflammation (>10%) Anemia [12]
IBRUTINIB Bleeding [12]
Cytopenia [3]
Trade name: Imbruvica (Pharmacyclics)
IBANDRONATE Indications: Mantle cell lymphoma
Hemorrhage [4]
Synonym: ibandronic acid Class: Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor Lymphocytosis [2]
Trade names: Bondronat (Roche), Boniva Half-life: 4–6 hours Neutropenia [15]
(Roche) Clinically important, potentially hazardous Sepsis [2]
Indications: Postmenopausal osteoporosis interactions with: carbamazepine, Thrombocytopenia [14]
clarithromycin, grapefruit juice, itraconazole,
Class: Bisphosphonate Other
ketoconazole, phenytoin, posaconazole, rifampin,
Half-life: 37–157 hours Adverse effects [2]
St John’s wort, strong or moderate CYP3A
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Death [2]
inhibitors or inducers, telithromycin, voriconazole
interactions with: alcohol, aminoglycosides, Infection [9]
antacids, calcium salts, food, magnesium salts, Pregnancy category: D
NSAIDs, oral iron Important contra-indications noted in the
Important contra-indications noted in the pediatric patients IBUPROFEN
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Trade names: Advil (Wyeth), Motrin (McNeil),
pediatric patients Skin Vicoprofen (AbbVie)
Cellulitis [3] Indications: Arthritis, pain
Skin Ecchymoses (30%) [4] Class: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID)
Rash (<2%) Panniculitis [2] Half-life: 2–4 hours
Peripheral edema (35%) [3] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Cardiovascular Petechiae (11%)
Hypertension (6–7%) interactions with: aspirin, ciprofibrate, diuretics,
Rash (25%) [5] methotrexate, methyl salicylate, NSAIDs,
Central Nervous System Toxicity (14%) [3] oxycodone hydrochloride, salicylates, tacrine,
Fever (~9%) [4] Tumor lysis syndrome [3] tacrolimus, urokinase, voriconazole
Headache (3–7%) Mucosal Pregnancy category: D (category C prior to 30
Vertigo (dizziness) (<4%) Epistaxis (nosebleed) (11%) weeks gestation; category D starting at 30 weeks
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Stomatitis (17%) gestation)
Arthralgia (3–6%) [2] Cardiovascular Note: NSAIDs may cause an increased risk of
Asthenia (fatigue) (4%) [3] Atrial fibrillation [14] serious cardiovascular and gastrointestinal
Back pain (4–14%) Hypertension [7] adverse events, which can be fatal. This risk may
Bone or joint pain [3] Hypotension [2] increase with duration of use.
Cramps (2%)
Joint disorder (4%) Central Nervous System
Fever (18%) [5] Skin
Myalgia/Myopathy (<6%) AGEP [5]
Osteonecrosis [13] Headache (13%) [2]
Peripheral neuropathy [2] Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [5]
Pain in extremities (<8%) Angioedema [8]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Bullous dermatitis [3]
Abdominal pain (5–8%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal Bullous pemphigoid [2]
Constipation (3–4%) Arthralgia (11%) [4] Dermatitis [5]
Diarrhea (4–7%) [2] Asthenia (fatigue) (14–41%) [21] DRESS syndrome [4]
Dyspepsia (6–12%) [4] Bone or joint pain (37%) Erythema multiforme [11]
Gastritis (2%) Muscle spasm (14%) [2] Erythema nodosum (<5%)
Gastrointestinal disorder [3] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Exanthems [9]
Nausea (5%) [4] Abdominal pain (24%) Fixed eruption [15]
Vomiting (3%) [4] Constipation (25%) Hypersensitivity [5]
Respiratory Diarrhea (51%) [28] Lupus erythematosus [5]
Bronchitis (3–10%) Dyspepsia (11%) Nicolau syndrome [2]
Flu-like syndrome (<4%) [7] Hepatotoxicity [2] Peripheral edema [2]
Nasopharyngitis (4%) Nausea (31%) [16] Photosensitivity [6]
Pharyngitis (3%) Vomiting (24%) [4] Pruritus (<5%) [6]
Pneumonia (6%) Respiratory Psoriasis (palms) [2]
Upper respiratory tract infection (2–34%) Cough (19%) [3] Rash (>10%) [3]
Dyspnea (27%) Stevens-Johnson syndrome [12]
Endocrine/Metabolic Toxic epidermal necrolysis [9]
Hypercholesterolemia (5%) Pneumonia (14%) [8]
Sinusitis (13%) [2] Urticaria (>10%) [10]
Hypocalcemia [3] Vasculitis [8]
Hypophosphatemia [2] Upper respiratory tract infection (34%) [6]
Vesiculobullous eruption [2]
Genitourinary Endocrine/Metabolic
Appetite decreased (21%) Hair
Urinary tract infection (2–6%) Alopecia [2]
Dehydration (12%) [2]
Other Hyperuricemia (15%) Cardiovascular
Adverse effects [5] Hypokalemia [2] Cardiotoxicity [2]
Allergic reactions (3%) Hypertension [4]
IBUPROFEN See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Central Nervous System Central Nervous System Neuromuscular/Skeletal

Aseptic meningitis [16] Headache (4%) Back pain [2]
Headache [4] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Somnolence (drowsiness) [2] Nausea (2%) [3] Constipation (7%)
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Respiratory
Arthralgia [2] Nasopharyngitis [2]
Back pain [2]
Rhabdomyolysis [3]
IDARUBICIN Pneumonia (6%)
Endocrine/Metabolic
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Synonyms: 4-demethoxydaunorubicin; 4-DMDR Hypokalemia (7%)
Abdominal pain [6] Trade name: Idamycin (Pfizer)
Constipation [4] Indications: Acute myeloid leukemia
Diarrhea [4] Class: Antibiotic, anthracycline
Dyspepsia [5] Half-life: 14–35 hours (oral) IDELALISIB
Gastroesophageal reflux [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Gastrointestinal bleeding [2] interactions with: aldesleukin Trade name: Zydelig (Gilead)
Gastrointestinal disorder [2] Pregnancy category: D Indications: Relapsed chronic lymphocytic
Hepatotoxicity [3] Important contra-indications noted in the leukemia (with rituximab), follicular B-cell non-
Nausea [7] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Hodgkin lymphoma, small lymphocytic lymphoma
Pancreatitis [2] pediatric patients Class: Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor
Vanishing bile duct syndrome [2] Half-life: 8 hours
Vomiting [5] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Skin interactions with: carbamazepine, copanlisib,
Respiratory Rash (>10%) [4] midostaurin, neratinib, phenytoin, rifampin, St
Influenza [2] Urticaria (>10%) John’s wort, strong CYP3A inducers and
Sinusitis [2] Hair substrates
Upper respiratory tract infection [2] Alopecia (77%) [8] Pregnancy category: D
Endocrine/Metabolic Mucosal Important contra-indications noted in the
Pseudoporphyria [2] Mucositis (50%) [5] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Genitourinary Stomatitis (>10%) pediatric patients
Urinary tract infection [2] Warning: FATAL AND SERIOUS TOXICITIES:
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic HEPATIC, SEVERE DIARRHEA, COLITIS,
Renal Diarrhea [3] PNEUMONITIS, and INTESTINAL
Nephrotoxicity [4] Hepatotoxicity [2] PERFORATION
Hematologic Nausea [2]
Thrombocytopenia [5] Vomiting [2]
Skin
Otic Hematologic Diaphoresis (12%)
Hearing loss [2] Febrile neutropenia [2] Peripheral edema (10%)
Tinnitus [2] Neutropenia [2] Rash (21%) [8]
Ocular Other Toxicity [2]
Amblyopia [2] Infection [2] Central Nervous System
Optic neuritis [2] Chills [5]
Periorbital edema [3] Fever [9]
Visual disturbances [2] IDARUCIZUMAB Headache (11%)
Other Insomnia (12%)
Adverse effects [13] Trade name: Praxbind (Boehringer Ingelheim) Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Kounis syndrome [4] Indications: Reversal of the anticoagulant effects Asthenia (fatigue) (30%) [8]
of dabigatran in patients requiring emergency or
urgent surgery or with life-threatening or Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
uncontrolled bleeding Abdominal pain (26%)
IBUTILIDE Class: Monoclonal antibody, Reversal agent for Colitis [6]
dabigatran Constipation [2]
Trade name: Corvert (Pfizer) Half-life: 10 hours Diarrhea (47%) [16]
Indications: Atrial fibrillation and flutter Clinically important, potentially hazardous Gastrointestinal perforation [2]
Class: Antiarrhythmic, Antiarrhythmic class III interactions with: none known Hepatotoxicity [10]
Half-life: 2–12 hours Pregnancy category: N/A (No data available) Nausea (29%) [8]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Important contra-indications noted in the Vomiting (15%) [3]
interactions with: degarelix prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Respiratory
Pregnancy category: C pediatric patients Cough (29%) [5]
Important contra-indications noted in the Note: Risk of serious adverse reactions in Dyspnea (17%)
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; patients with hereditary fructose intolerance due Pneumonia (25%) [9]
pediatric patients to sorbitol excipient. Pneumonitis [5]
Cardiovascular Skin Endocrine/Metabolic
Bradycardia [4] Irritation [2] ALT increased (50%) [8]
Hypotension [2] Appetite decreased (16%) [2]
QT prolongation [5] Central Nervous System
Delirium (7%) AST increased (41%) [8]
Tachycardia (3%)
Torsades de pointes [10] Fever (6%) Hematologic
Ventricular arrhythmia [4] Headache [2] Anemia [6]
Ventricular tachycardia [6] Febrile neutropenia [6]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual IMATINIB
Neutropenia [8] corticosteroids, cyclosporine, dexamethasone,

Thrombocytopenia [6] ILOPERIDONE diazepam, dicumarol, efavirenz, erythromycin,
Other ethotoin, felodipine, flurazepam, fluvastatin,
Trade name: Fanapt (Vanda) fosphenytoin, isradipine, itraconazole,
Adverse effects [3] Indications: Schizophrenia
Infection [2] ketoconazole, lorazepam, lovastatin,
Class: Antipsychotic mephenytoin, mephobarbital, midazolam,
Side effects [2] Half-life: 18–33 hours mifepristone, neratinib, nicardipine, nifedipine,
Clinically important, potentially hazardous nimodipine, nisoldipine, olaparib, oxazepam,
interactions with: alcohol, dextromethorphan, oxcarbazepine, pentobarbital, phenobarbital,
IFOSFAMIDE fluoxetine, itraconazole, ketoconazole, phenytoin, pimozide, pravastatin, primidone,
paroxetine hydrochloride, QT prolonging agents quazepam, rifampin, rifapentine, safinamide,
Trade name: Ifex (Bristol-Myers Squibb) Pregnancy category: C secobarbital, simvastatin, St John’s wort,
Indications: Cancers, sarcomas, leukemias, Important contra-indications noted in the temazepam, voriconazole, warfarin
lymphomas prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Pregnancy category: D
Class: Alkylating agent mothers; pediatric patients Important contra-indications noted in the
Half-life: 4–15 hours Warning: INCREASED MORTALITY IN prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers
Clinically important, potentially hazardous ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH DEMENTIA-
interactions with: aldesleukin, aprepitant RELATED PSYCHOSIS
Pregnancy category: D Skin
Acneform eruption [3]
Skin AGEP [7]
Skin Rash (2%) Diaphoresis (13%)
Dermatitis (<10%) Mucosal DRESS syndrome [3]
Pigmentation (<10%) [2] Nasal congestion (8%) [2] Edema (<5%) [36]
Toxicity [2] Xerostomia (10%) [9] Erythema (<10%) [5]
Hair Cardiovascular Erythema multiforme [2]
Alopecia (50–100%) [5] Hypotension (3%) Erythroderma [3]
Nails Orthostatic hypotension (3%) [4] Exanthems [9]
Ridging (<10%) QT prolongation [8] Exfoliative dermatitis [4]
Tachycardia (12%) [4] Facial edema (<10%) [3]
Cardiovascular Hand–foot syndrome [3]
Phlebitis (2%) Central Nervous System Hypomelanosis [5]
Central Nervous System Akathisia (2%) [3] Lichen planus [5]
Confusion [2] Anxiety [2] Lichenoid eruption [11]
Delirium [2] Headache [3] Mycosis fungoides [2]
Encephalopathy [10] Insomnia (18%) [3] Neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis [3]
Neurotoxicity [11] Sedation [3] Panniculitis [3]
Seizures [2] Somnolence (drowsiness) (15%) [8] Peripheral edema (<10%) [5]
Tremor (3%) Petechiae (<10%)
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Vertigo (dizziness) (20%) [11]
Osteomalacia [2] Photosensitivity (<10%) [3]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Pigmentation [14]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Arthralgia (3%) Pityriasis rosea [5]
Hepatotoxicity [2] Asthenia (fatigue) (6%) [2] Pruritus (6–10%) [3]
Nausea [6] Pseudolymphoma [3]
Pancreatitis [2] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Psoriasis [3]
Vomiting [6] Diarrhea (7%)
Rash (32–39%) [26]
Dyspepsia [3]
Endocrine/Metabolic Squamous cell carcinoma [2]
Nausea (10%) [2]
SIADH [2] Stevens-Johnson syndrome [15]
Respiratory Sweet’s syndrome [4]
Renal Dyspnea (2%) Toxic epidermal necrolysis [2]
Fanconi syndrome [4] Nasopharyngitis (3%) Toxicity [9]
Nephrotoxicity [34] Upper respiratory tract infection (3%) Urticaria [3]
Hematologic Endocrine/Metabolic Vasculitis [2]
Anemia [3] Weight gain (9%) [10] Xerosis (<10%) [2]
Genitourinary Hair
Leukopenia [2]
Ejaculatory dysfunction (2%) [2] Alopecia (10–15%) [2]
Myelosuppression [2]
Follicular mucinosis [2]
Neutropenia [4]
Thrombocytopenia [4] Nails
Other IMATINIB Nail dystrophy [2]
Nail pigmentation [2]
Death [2] Trade name: Gleevec (Novartis) Mucosal
Infection [2] Indications: Chronic myeloid leukemia Mucositis [2]
Class: Antineoplastic, Biologic, CYP3A4 inhibitor, Oral lichenoid eruption [3]
Tyrosine kinase inhibitor Oral pigmentation [4]
Half-life: 18 hours Oral ulceration [3]
Cardiovascular
interactions with: acetaminophen, amlodipine,
Cardiotoxicity [2]
anisindione, anticoagulants, aprepitant,
Congestive heart failure [2]
atorvastatin, barbiturates, benzodiazepines,
QT prolongation [2]
butabarbital, carbamazepine, chlordiazepoxide,
clarithromycin, clonazepam, clorazepate,
IMATINIB Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Central Nervous System Skin

Anorexia [4] IMIPRAMINE Angioedema [2]
Chills (11%) Burning (9–31%) [7]
Depression (15%) [2] Trade name: Tofranil (Mallinckrodt) Crusting [3]
Fever (13–41%) [2] Indications: Depression Depigmentation [3]
Headache (19–37%) [4] Class: Antidepressant, tricyclic, Muscarinic Eczema (<10%)
Hypoesthesia (<10%) antagonist Edema (12–17%) [2]
Insomnia (10–19%) Half-life: 6–18 hours Erosions (10–32%) [5]
Subdural hemorrhage [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous Erythema (33–85%) [14]
Vertigo (dizziness) [2] interactions with: amprenavir, arbutamine, Erythema multiforme [2]
artemether/lumefantrine, clonidine, cobicistat/ Excoriations (18–25%) [2]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide,
Arthralgia (21–26%) [4] Flaking (18–67%) [3]
cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir Fungal dermatitis (<10%)
Asthenia (fatigue) (29–75%) [20] disoproxil, darifenacin, epinephrine, fluoxetine,
Bone or joint pain (11–31%) [13] Herpes simplex (<10%)
formoterol, guanethidine, iobenguane, Hypomelanosis [2]
Muscle spasm [9] isocarboxazid, labetalol, linezolid, MAO
Myalgia/Myopathy (16–62%) [11] Induration (5%)
inhibitors, phenelzine, propranolol, quinolones, Lichen planus [3]
Osteonecrosis [3] ropivacaine, sparfloxacin, tranylcypromine, Lupus erythematosus [3]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic zaleplon, zolpidem Lymphadenopathy (2%)
Abdominal pain [5] Pregnancy category: D Pemphigus [4]
Ascites [2] Warning: SUICIDALITY AND Pemphigus foliaceus [3]
Constipation (9–16%) [2] ANTIDEPRESSANT DRUGS Pigmentation [3]
Diarrhea (25–59%) [17] Pruritus (22–75%) [10]
Dyspepsia [2] Skin Psoriasis [4]
Gastrointestinal bleeding [5] Diaphoresis (<25%) [8] Scabbing (4%)
Hepatotoxicity (6–12%) [20] Exanthems (<6%) [6] Scar [3]
Nausea (42–73%) [15] Exfoliative dermatitis [4] Seborrheic keratoses (<10%)
Vomiting (23–58%) [13] Photosensitivity [3] Tenderness (local) (12%) [2]
Respiratory Pigmentation [13] Ulcerations (5–10%) [5]
Cough (11–27%) Pruritus (3%) [6] Vesiculation (2–3%)
Dyspnea (21%) Purpura [3] Vitiligo [7]
Nasopharyngitis (10–31%) Urticaria [6] Hair
Pharyngitis (10–15%) Hair Alopecia (<10%)
Pleural effusion [3] Alopecia [2] Poliosis [2]
Pneumonitis (4–13%) [2]
Pulmonary toxicity [2] Mucosal Cardiovascular
Rhinitis (17%) Glossitis [2] Chest pain (<10%)
Upper respiratory tract infection (3–21%) Oral lesions [3] Central Nervous System
Stomatitis [2] Anorexia (<10%)
Endocrine/Metabolic Xerostomia (>10%) [16]
Creatine phosphokinase increased [2] Anxiety (<10%)
Gynecomastia [4] Cardiovascular Fever (<10%) [2]
Hypophosphatemia [2] QT prolongation [3] Headache (<10%) [4]
Hypothyroidism [2] Tachycardia [2] Neurotoxicity [2]
Porphyria cutanea tarda [3] Central Nervous System Pain (2–11%) [6]
Pseudoporphyria [5] Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (metallic taste) Rigors (<10%)
Weight gain (5–32%) [3] (>10%) [2] Vertigo (dizziness) (<10%)
Renal Parkinsonism (<10%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Fanconi syndrome [2] Neuromuscular/Skeletal Asthenia (fatigue) (<10%) [2]
Nephrotoxicity [2] Asthenia (fatigue) [2] Back pain (<10%)
Renal failure [2] Myalgia/Myopathy (<10%) [2]
Endocrine/Metabolic
Hematologic SIADH [4] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Anemia [10] Nausea (<10%) [2]
Otic Vomiting (<10%)
Febrile neutropenia [2] Tinnitus [4]
Hemotoxicity [4] Respiratory
Leukopenia [3] Cough (<10%)
Myelosuppression [2] Flu-like syndrome (<3%) [2]
Neutropenia [13] IMIQUIMOD Pharyngitis (<10%)
Thrombocytopenia [11] Rhinitis (<10%)
Trade names: Aldara (3M), Zyclara (Graceway) Sinusitis (<10%)
Otic Indications: External genital and perianal warts,
Hearing loss [4] Upper respiratory tract infection (<10%)
actinic keratoses
Ocular Class: Antiviral, Immunomodulator Genitourinary
Epiphora (25%) Half-life: N/A Urinary tract infection (<10%)
Eyelid edema [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous Hematologic
Optic edema [3] interactions with: none known Lymphopenia [2]
Periorbital edema (33%) [11] Pregnancy category: C Local
Other Important contra-indications noted in the Application-site burning (<10%)
Adverse effects [14] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Application-site edema (<10%) [4]
Death [3] pediatric patients Application-site erythema (<10%) [3]
Side effects [2] Application-site pruritus (<10%) [5]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual INDAPAMIDE
Application-site reactions [9] Infusion-related reactions [6] Pregnancy category: C

Other Injection-site edema [2] Important contra-indications noted in the
Adverse effects [6] Injection-site erythema [2] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Other pediatric patients
Adverse effects [9] Note: Studies in asthma patients showed that
long-acting beta2-adrenergic agonists may
IMMUNE GLOBULIN IV increase the risk of asthma-related death.
Contra-indicated in patients with asthma without
Synonyms: IGIV; IVIG IMMUNE GLOBULIN SC use of a long-term asthma control medication.
Trade names: Gamimune (Bayer), Gammagard Utibron Neohaler is indacaterol and
(Baxter), Gammar PIV (ZLB Behring), Gamunex Synonym: SCIG glycopyrrolate.
(Bayer), Iveegam (Baxter), Venoglobulin (Alpha Trade names: Cuvitru (Shire), Hizentra (CSL Warning: ASTHMA-RELATED DEATH
Therapeutics) Behring), Vivaglobin (CSL Behring)
Indications: Immunodeficiency in patients unable Indications: Primary immune deficiency
to produce sufficient amounts of IgG antibodies Class: Immunomodulator Mucosal
Class: Immunomodulator Half-life: N/A Oropharyngeal pain [2]
Half-life: N/A Clinically important, potentially hazardous Cardiovascular
Clinically important, potentially hazardous interactions with: none known Prolonged QT interval [2]
interactions with: live vaccines Pregnancy category: C Central Nervous System
Pregnancy category: C Warning: THROMBOSIS Headache (5%) [4]
Important contra-indications noted in the Pain (oropharyngeal) (2%)
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers Skin
Warning: THROMBOSIS, RENAL Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Pruritus [2] Nausea (2%)
DYSFUNCTION and ACUTE RENAL FAILURE Rash (<3%)
Respiratory
Mucosal Asthma [2]
Skin Oropharyngeal pain (17%)
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [5] COPD (exacerbation) [8]
Eczema [3] Cardiovascular Cough (7%) [10]
Flushing [2] Tachycardia (<3%) Dyspnea [2]
Lichenoid eruption [2] Central Nervous System Influenza [2]
Pompholyx [3] Fever (<3%) [2] Nasopharyngitis (5%) [7]
Rash [2] Headache (2–32%) [3] Upper respiratory tract infection [4]
Vasculitis [4] Neuromuscular/Skeletal Endocrine/Metabolic
Cardiovascular Asthenia (fatigue) (<5%) Hyperglycemia [2]
Hypertension [4] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Other
Myocardial infarction [2] Gastrointestinal disorder (<5%) Adverse effects [6]
Palpitation [2] Nausea (<11%) Death [2]
Thromboembolism [4]
Respiratory
Central Nervous System Bronchitis [2]
Aseptic meningitis [6] Cough (10%) INDAPAMIDE
Chills [4] Upper respiratory tract infection [2]
Fever [12] Trade name: Lozol (Sanofi-Aventis)
Headache [19] Local Indications: Edema
Injection-site reactions (49–92%) [5] Class: Diuretic, thiazide
Arthralgia [3] Other Half-life: 14–18 hours
Asthenia (fatigue) [5] Adverse effects [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Back pain [3] Allergic reactions (11%) interactions with: digoxin, lithium, zinc
Bone or joint pain [2] Pregnancy category: B
Myalgia/Myopathy [4] Important contra-indications noted in the
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic INDACATEROL mothers; pediatric patients
Abdominal pain [2] Note: Indapamide is a sulfonamide and can be
Diarrhea [2] Trade names: Arcapta Neohaler (Novartis),
Onbrez Breezhaler (Novartis), Utibron Neohaler absorbed systemically. Sulfonamides can produce
Nausea [10] severe, possibly fatal, reactions such as toxic
Vomiting [2] (Novartis)
Indications: Long term, once-daily maintenance epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson
Respiratory bronchodilator treatment of airflow obstruction syndrome.
Cough [2] in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Dyspnea [2] (COPD), including chronic bronchitis and/or Skin
Pulmonary embolism [2] emphysema Angioedema [3]
Renal Class: Beta-2 adrenergic agonist, Bronchodilator Erythema multiforme [2]
Nephrotoxicity [6] Half-life: 40–56 hours Flushing (<5%)
Renal failure [3] Clinically important, potentially hazardous Pemphigus foliaceus [2]
Hematologic interactions with: acetazolamide, adrenergics, Peripheral edema (<5%) [2]
Anemia [2] aminophylline, arsenic, corticosteroids, diuretics, Pruritus (<5%) [2]
Hemolysis [2] erythromycin, ketoconazole, MAO inhibitors, Rash (<5%) [4]
Hemolytic anemia [5] pazopanib, QT prolonging agents, ritonavir, Toxic epidermal necrolysis [3]
Thrombosis [3] steroids, telavancin, theophylline, tricyclic Urticaria (<5%)
antidepressants, verapamil, xanthine derivatives Vasculitis (<5%)
Local
Application-site pain (16%)
INDAPAMIDE See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Mucosal Pregnancy category: C Genitourinary

Xerostomia (<5%) [2] Important contra-indications noted in the Crystalluria [2]
Cardiovascular prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Dysuria (2%)
QT prolongation [5] pediatric patients Renal
Note: Protease inhibitors cause dyslipidemia Nephrolithiasis (9%) [4]
Central Nervous System which includes elevated triglycerides and
Paresthesias (<5%) Nephrotoxicity [14]
cholesterol and redistribution of body fat centrally
Vertigo (dizziness) [2] to produce the so-called ‘protease paunch’, Ocular
Endocrine/Metabolic breast enlargement, facial atrophy, and ‘buffalo Eyelid edema (<2%)
Hypokalemia [2] hump’. Other
Hyponatremia [2] Bruxism (<2%)
Skin
Bromhidrosis (<2%)
INDINAVIR Dermatitis (<2%) INDOMETHACIN
Diaphoresis (<2%)
Trade name: Crixivan (Merck) Flushing (<2%) Synonym: indometacin
Indications: HIV infection Folliculitis (<2%) Indications: Arthritis
Class: Antiretroviral, CYP3A4 inhibitor, HIV-1 Herpes simplex (<2%) Class: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID)
protease inhibitor Herpes zoster (<2%) Half-life: 4.5 hours
Half-life: ~1.8 hours Jaundice (2%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Lipodystrophy [8] interactions with: aldesleukin, aspirin, atenolol,
interactions with: abiraterone, alfuzosin, Lipomatosis [2] cyclopenthiazide, diflunisal, diuretics,
almotriptan, alosetron, alprazolam, amiodarone, Pruritus [2] methotrexate, NSAIDs, prednisolone,
amprenavir, antacids, antiarrhythmics, antifungal Rash [2] prednisone, sermorelin, tiludronate, torsemide,
agents, artemether/lumefantrine, astemizole, Seborrhea (<2%) triamterene, urokinase
atazanavir, atorvastatin, atovaquone, atovaquone/ Stevens-Johnson syndrome [2] Pregnancy category: C
proguanil, avanafil, bepridil, bortezomib, Xerosis [2] Important contra-indications noted in the
bosentan, brigatinib, brinzolamide, cabazitaxel, Hair prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
cabozantinib, calcifediol, calcium channel Alopecia [5] pediatric patients
blockers, carbamazepine, chlordiazepoxide, Note: NSAIDs may cause an increased risk of
ciclesonide, cisapride, clarithromycin, Nails serious cardiovascular and gastrointestinal
clonazepam, clorazepate, colchicine, conivaptan, Onychocryptosis [2] adverse events, which can be fatal. This risk may
copanlisib, corticosteroids, crizotinib, Paronychia [5] increase with duration of use.
cyclosporine, CYP3A4 inducers and substrates, Pyogenic granuloma [3] Warning: RISK OF SERIOUS
darifenacin, darunavir, dasatinib, deferasirox, Mucosal CARDIOVASCULAR AND
delavirdine, diazepam, didanosine, dienogest, Aphthous stomatitis (<2%) GASTROINTESTINAL EVENTS
digoxin, dihydroergotamine, dronedarone, Cheilitis [4]
dutasteride, efavirenz, enfuvirtide, eplerenone, Gingivitis (<2%) Skin
ergot derivatives, ergotamine, estazolam, Central Nervous System Angioedema [2]
estrogens, etravirine, everolimus, felodipine, Anorexia (3%) Bullous dermatitis [2]
fentanyl, fesoterodine, flibanserin, flurazepam, Dysesthesia (<2%) Dermatitis [5]
fluticasone propionate, food, fusidic acid, Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (3%) Dermatitis herpetiformis (exacerbation) [2]
grapefruit juice, guanfacine, H2-antagonists, Fever (2%) Edema (3–9%)
halazepam, halofantrine, HMG-CoA reductase Headache (5%) Exanthems (<5%) [7]
inhibitors, itraconazole, ixabepilone, Hyperesthesia (<2%) Fixed eruption [3]
ketoconazole, lapatinib, lidocaine, lomitapide, Paresthesias (<2%) Pruritus (<10%) [3]
lopinavir, lovastatin, maraviroc, meperidine, Somnolence (drowsiness) (2%) Psoriasis [7]
methylergonovine, methylprednisolone, Vertigo (dizziness) (3%) Purpura [5]
methysergide, midazolam, midostaurin, Rash (>10%)
mifepristone, mometasone, nefazodone, Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Asthenia (fatigue) (2%) Toxic epidermal necrolysis [6]
nelfinavir, neratinib, nevirapine, nicardipine, Urticaria [7]
nifedipine, nilotinib, nisoldipine, olaparib, P- Back pain (8%)
Myalgia/Myopathy with lovastatin or Vasculitis [5]
glycoprotein inhibitors and inducers, paclitaxel,
palbociclib, pantoprazole, paricalcitol, pazopanib, simvastatin (<2%) Mucosal
PEG-interferon, phenobarbital, phenytoin, Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Oral lesions (<7%) [2]
pimavanserin, pimecrolimus, pimozide, ponatinib, Abdominal pain (17%) [2] Oral ulceration [4]
prasugrel, protease inhibitors, proton pump Diarrhea (3%) Central Nervous System
inhibitors, quazepam, quinidine, quinine, Dyspepsia (2%) Psychosis [3]
ranolazine, ribociclib, rifabutin, rifampin, Nausea (12%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
rifapentine, rilpivirine, rivaroxaban, romidepsin, Vomiting (8%) Gastrointestinal bleeding [2]
rosuvastatin, ruxolitinib, salmeterol, saxagliptin, Respiratory Gastrointestinal perforation [3]
sildenafil, silodosin, simeprevir, simvastatin, Cough (2%) Gastrointestinal ulceration [3]
sirolimus, solifenacin, sorafenib, St John’s wort, Pancreatitis [2]
sunitinib, tacrolimus, tadalafil, tamsulosin, Endocrine/Metabolic
telithromycin, temsirolimus, tenofovir disoproxil, ALT increased (5%) Otic
theophylline, ticagrelor, tolvaptan, trazodone, Appetite increased (2%) Tinnitus [2]
triazolam, tricyclic antidepressants, valproic acid, AST increased (4%) Ocular
vardenafil, vemurafenib, venetoclax, venlafaxine, Creatine phosphokinase increased [2] Periorbital edema [2]
vorapaxar, zidovudine Diabetes mellitus [2]
Gynecomastia [4] Other
Porphyria (acute) [2] Adverse effects [8]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual INFLUENZA VACCINE
Serum sickness-like reaction (<3%) [5] Ocular

INFLIXIMAB Toxic epidermal necrolysis [2] Optic neuritis [3]
Toxicity [2] Uveitis [2]
Trade names: Inflectra (Celltrion) ((Remsima)), Urticaria [6]
Remicade (Centocor), Renflexis (Samsung Local
Vasculitis [18] Application-site reactions (mild) (<4%) [6]
Bioepsis) Vitiligo [4]
Indications: Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, Infusion-related reactions [25]
rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, Hair Infusion-site reactions (20%) [12]
psoriatic arthritis, plaque psoriasis Alopecia [6] Injection-site reactions (6%) [9]
Class: Cytokine inhibitor, Disease-modifying Alopecia areata [3] Other
antirheumatic drug (DMARD), Monoclonal Cardiovascular Adverse effects [45]
antibody, TNF inhibitor Cardiotoxicity [2] Allergic reactions [8]
Half-life: 8–10 days Chest pain [4] Death [13]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Hypertension (7%) [3] Infection (36%) [62]
interactions with: abatacept, anakinra, live Palpitation [2] Nocardiosis [3]
vaccines, methotrexate, tocilizumab Pericarditis [2] Side effects [2]
Pregnancy category: B Tachycardia [2] Systemic reactions [2]
Important contra-indications noted in the Central Nervous System
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Aseptic meningitis [2]
mothers
Note: TNF inhibitors should be used in patients
Chills (5–9%) [2] INFLUENZA VACCINE
Demyelination [4]
with heart failure only after consideration of other Fever (7%) [10] Trade names: Afluria (Seqirus), Agrippal
treatment options. Headache (18%) [12] (Chiron), Comvax (Merck), Fluad (Novartis),
Contra-indicated in patients with a personal or Leukoencephalopathy [2] Fluarix (GSK), FluMist (Medimmune) (Wyeth),
family history of multiple sclerosis or Neurotoxicity [8] Flurix (GSK), Fluviral (Shire), Inflexal V (Berna
demyelinating disease. TNF inhibitors should not Pain (8%) [3] Biotech), Invivac (Solvay), Vaxigrip (Sanofi-
be administered to patients with moderate to Paresthesias (<4%) [2] Aventis)
severe heart failure (New York Heart Association Peripheral neuropathy [7] Indications: Influenza prevention
Functional Class III/IV). Seizures [2] Class: Vaccine
Warning: SERIOUS INFECTIONS and Vertigo (dizziness) [3] Half-life: N/A
MALIGNANCY Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Arthralgia (<8%) [16] interactions with: aminophylline,
Skin Asthenia (fatigue) (9%) [5] carbamazepine, cyclosporine, mercaptopurine,
Abscess [4] Back pain (8%) phenobarbital, phenytoin, prednisone, vincristine,
Acneform eruption [6] Myalgia/Myopathy (5%) [7] warfarin
AGEP [2] Polymyositis [2] Pregnancy category: C
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [11] Important contra-indications noted in the
Angioedema [2] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic prescribing guidelines for: pediatric patients
Candidiasis (5%) [4] Abdominal pain (12%) [4] Note: Inactivated influenza vaccine should not be
Cellulitis [5] Crohn’s disease (26%) given to persons with anaphylactic
Dermatitis [4] Diarrhea (12%) hypersensitivity to eggs or other components of
Eczema [5] Dyspepsia (10%) the vaccine. For current data on influenza in the
Edema [3] Hepatitis [11] USA consult the Centers for Disease Control and
Erythema multiforme [2] Hepatotoxicity [17] Protection website (www.cdc.gov/flu).
Exanthems [4] Nausea (21%) [3]
Flushing [2] Pancreatitis [2]
Skin
Folliculitis [2] Respiratory Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis (rare)
Hand–foot syndrome [2] Bronchitis (10%) [4]
Herpes [2] Cough (12%) [3] Henoch–Schönlein purpura [2]
Herpes simplex [4] Dyspnea (6%) [4] Hypersensitivity [2]
Herpes zoster [11] Pharyngitis (12%) Linear IgA bullous dermatosis [2]
Hypersensitivity [11] Pneumonia [12] Purpura [2]
Leukocytoclastic vasculitis [2] Pulmonary toxicity [6] Rash [3]
Lichen planus [2] Rhinitis (8%) Serum sickness-like reaction [2]
Lichenoid eruption [3] Sinusitis (14%) [5] Vasculitis [10]
Lupus erythematosus [35] Tuberculosis [14]
Lupus syndrome [12] Upper respiratory tract infection (32%) [7] Central Nervous System
Lymphoma [9] Fever [13]
Endocrine/Metabolic Guillain–Barré syndrome [11]
Malignancies [2] ALT increased [2]
Molluscum contagiosum [2] Headache [9]
Neoplasms [2] Genitourinary Seizures [3]
Nevi [2] Cystitis [2] Syncope [2]
Palmar–plantar pustulosis [3] Urinary tract infection (8%) [2] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Pityriasis lichenoides chronica [2] Renal Arthralgia [2]
Pruritus (7%) [8] Nephrotoxicity [2] Asthenia (fatigue) [7]
Pseudolymphoma [2] Hematologic Myalgia/Myopathy [11]
Psoriasis [57] Hemolytic anemia [2] Polymyositis [4]
Pustules [5] Neutropenia [5] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Rash (10%) [13] Sepsis [2] Abdominal pain [2]
Sarcoidosis [5] Thrombocytopenia [5]
Serum sickness [2]
INFLUENZA VACCINE Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Respiratory niacin, octreotide, oral contraceptives,

Skin
Asthma [2] pentamidine, phenothiazine derivatives,
Cough [2] pramlintide, propoxyphene, salbutamol,
Peripheral edema (<3%)
Hematologic salicylates, somatropin, sulfonamide antibiotics,
terbutaline, thyroid hormones Central Nervous System
Pregnancy category: B Headache (9–12%) [11]
Ocular Important contra-indications noted in the Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Oculorespiratory syndrome [15] prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; pediatric Diarrhea (6%) [6]
Optic neuritis [2] patients Gastroenteritis (5%)
Local Note: Ryzodeg is insulin aspart and insulin Nausea [7]
Injection-site edema [4] degludec; various forms of insulin are available - Vomiting [2]
Injection-site erythema [7] see other insulin profiles for reaction details.
Respiratory
Injection-site induration [5] Nasopharyngitis (13–24%) [12]
Injection-site inflammation [3] Skin Sinusitis (5%)
Injection-site pain (20–28%) [15] Lipodystrophy (>5%) Upper respiratory tract infection (8–12%)
Injection-site reactions [3] Peripheral edema (>5%) [3]
Other Nails Endocrine/Metabolic
Adverse effects [8] Onychomycosis (10%) Diabetic ketoacidosis [2]
Side effects [4] Hypoglycemia [10]
Systemic reactions (injection site) [5] Cardiovascular
Chest pain (5%) Ocular
Central Nervous System Retinopathy [2]
Headache (12%) [3]
INGENOL MEBUTATE Hyporeflexia (11%)
Local
Injection-site reactions (4%) [6]
Trade name: Picato (Leo Pharma) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Other
Indications: Actinic keratosis Abdominal pain (5%) Adverse effects [4]
Class: Cell death inducer Diarrhea (5%)
Half-life: N/A Nausea (7%)
Respiratory INSULIN DETEMIR
Nasopharyngitis [3]
Pregnancy category: C Sinusitis (5%) Trade name: Levemir (Novo Nordisk)
Endocrine/Metabolic Indications: Diabetes (Type I or II)
prescribing guidelines for: pediatric patients
Diabetic ketoacidosis [2] Class: Human insulin analog, long-acting
Hypoglycemia (75%) [6] Half-life: 5–7 hours
Skin Weight gain (>5%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Crusting [4] interactions with: albuterol, alcohol,
Erythema [4] Genitourinary
antipsychotics, beta blockers, clonidine,
Flaking [4] Urinary tract infection (8%)
clozapine, corticosteroids, danazol, diuretics,
Scaling [3] epinephrine, estrogens, guanethidine, isoniazid,
Central Nervous System lithium, niacin, olanzapine, oral antidiabetics, oral
Headache (2%) [4] INSULIN DEGLUDEC contraceptives, pentamidine, phenothiazines,
propranolol, protease inhibitors, reserpine,
Respiratory Trade names: Ryzodeg (Novo Nordisk), Tresiba somatropin, terbutaline, thiazolidinediones,
Nasopharyngitis (2%) [2] (Novo Nordisk), Xultophy (Novo Nordisk) thyroid hormones
Ocular Indications: Diabetes mellitus Pregnancy category: B
Eyelid edema [2] Class: Human insulin analog, long-acting Important contra-indications noted in the
Periorbital edema (3%) [2] Half-life: 25 hours prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Local Clinically important, potentially hazardous mothers; pediatric patients
Application-site erythema [2] interactions with: ACE inhibitors, albuterol, Note: Various forms of insulin are available - see
Application-site infection (3%) [2] alcohol, angiotensin II receptor blocking agents, other insulin profiles for reaction details.
Application-site pain (2–15%) [6] beta blockers, clonidine, clozapine,
Application-site pruritus (8%) [4] corticosteroids, danazol, DDP-4-inhibitors,
Application-site reactions [3] disopyramide, diuretics, epinephrine, estrogens,
Fever (10%)
fibrates, fluoxetine, GLP-1 receptor agonists,
Headache (7–31%) [3]
glucagon, guanethidine, isoniazid, lithium, MAO
inhibitors, niacin, octreotide, olanzapine, oral Neuromuscular/Skeletal
INSULIN ASPART contraceptives, pentamidine, pentoxifylline, Back pain (8%)
phenothiazines, pramlintide, propoxyphene, Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Trade names: NovoLog (Novo Nordisk), protease inhibitors, reserpine, salicylates, SGLT-2 Abdominal pain (6–13%)
NovoRapid (Novo Nordisk), Ryzodeg (Novo inhibitors, somatropin, sulfonamide antibiotics, Gastroenteritis (6–17%)
Nordisk) terbutaline, thyroid hormones Nausea (7%)
Indications: Diabetes mellitus Pregnancy category: C Vomiting (7%)
Class: Hormone, polypeptide Important contra-indications noted in the
Half-life: 81 minutes prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Respiratory
Clinically important, potentially hazardous mothers; pediatric patients
Bronchitis (5%)
interactions with: ACE inhibitors, alcohol, Note: Contra-indicated during episodes of
Cough (8%)
atypical antipsychotics, beta blockers, clonidine, hypoglycemia. Ryzodeg is insulin degludec and
Flu-like syndrome (6–14%)
corticosteroids, danazol, disopyramide, diuretics, insulin aspart; Xultophy is insulin degludec and
Pharyngitis (10–17%)
epinephrine, estrogens, fibrates, fluoxetine, liraglutide; various forms of insulin are available -
Rhinitis (7%)
isoniazid, isoniazid, lithium salts, MAO inhibitors, see other insulin profiles for reaction details.
Upper respiratory tract infection (13–36%)
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual INTERFERON ALFA
Endocrine/Metabolic Ocular
Hyperglycemia [2] Cataract (18%) INTERFERON ALFA
Hypoglycemia [4] Retinopathy [2]
Synonyms: IFN; INF
Local Local Trade names: Infergen (Intermune), Intron A
Injection-site reactions (3–4%) [4] Injection-site pain (3%) (Schering), Rebetron (Schering), Roferon-A
Other Injection-site reactions [4] (Roche)
Allergic reactions [3] Other Indications: Chronic hepatitis C virus infection,
Infection (viral) (7%) Adverse effects [6] hairy cell leukemia
Infection (9–14%) Class: Biologic, Immunomodulator, Interferon
Half-life: 2 hours
INSULIN GLARGINE Clinically important, potentially hazardous
INSULIN GLULISINE interactions with: aldesleukin, amitriptyline,
captopril, gemfibrozil, metaxalone, methadone,
Trade names: Basaglar (Lilly), Lantus (Sanofi-
Aventis), Soliqua (Sanofi-Aventis) Trade name: Apidra (Sanofi-Aventis) ribavirin, telbivudine, theophylline, theophylline
Indications: Diabetes (Type I or II) Indications: Diabetes derivatives, zafirlukast, zidovudine
Class: Hormone analog, polypeptide Class: Insulin analog Pregnancy category: C (pregnancy category
Half-life: N/A Half-life: 13–42 minutes will be X when used in combination with
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Clinically important, potentially hazardous ribavirin)
interactions with: ACE inhibitors, albuterol, interactions with: ACE inhibitors, albuterol, Important contra-indications noted in the
alcohol, beta blockers, clonidine, clozapine, alcohol, anitpsychotics, beta blockers, clonidine, prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
corticosteroids, danazol, disopyramide, diuretics, clozapine, corticosteroids, danazol, disopyramide, pediatric patients
epinephrine, estrogens, fibrates, fluoxetine, diuretics, epinephrine, fibrates, fluoxetine, Note: Many of the adverse reactions depend on
glucagon, guanethidine, isoniazid, lithium, MAO glucagon, guanethidine, isoniazid, lithium, MAO the nature of the disease being treated. Either
inhibitors, niacin, olanzapine, oral antidiabetic inhibitors, niacin, oral antidiabetic agents, oral hairy cell leukemia [L] or AIDS-related Kaposi’s
products, oral contraceptives, pentamidine, contraceptives, pentamidine, pentoxifylline, sarcoma [K].
pentoxifylline, phenothiazine derivatives, phenothiazine derivatives, pramlintide,
pramlintide, propoxyphene, propranolol, propoxyphene, propranolol, protease inhibitors, Skin
protease inhibitors, reserpine, salicylates, reserpine, salicylates, somatostatin analogs, Angioedema [3]
somatostain analogs, somatropin, sulfonamide somatropin, sulfonamide antibiotics, terbutaline, Bullous dermatitis [4]
antibiotics, terbutaline, thyroid hormones thyroid hormones Dermatitis (6%)
Pregnancy category: C Pregnancy category: C Eczema [6]
Important contra-indications noted in the Important contra-indications noted in the Edema [L] (11%) [2]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Erythema [2]
pediatric patients pediatric patients Exanthems [3]
Note: Soliqua is insulin glargine and lixisenatide; Note: Various forms of insulin are available - see Herpes simplex [2]
various forms of insulin are available - see other other insulin profiles for reaction details. Kaposi’s sarcoma [2]
insulin profiles for reaction details. Lichen planus [8]
Skin Linear IgA bullous dermatosis [3]
Skin Peripheral edema (8%) Livedo reticularis [2]
Lipoatrophy [2] Lupus erythematosus [17]
Cardiovascular Lupus syndrome [2]
Peripheral edema (20%) Hypertension (4%) Necrosis [6]
Central Nervous System Central Nervous System Pemphigus [2]
Depression (11%) Headache (7%) Photosensitivity [2]
Headache (6–10%) [4] Pigmentation [3]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Arthralgia (6%) Pruritus 13% [L] 5–7% [K] (13%) [4]
Arthralgia (14%) Psoriasis [24]
Back pain (13%) Respiratory Purpura [2]
Pain in extremities (13%) Influenza (4–6%) Rash 44% [L] 11% [K] [5]
Nasopharyngitis (8–11%) Raynaud’s phenomenon [11]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Upper respiratory tract infection (7–11%)
Diarrhea (11%) [6] Sarcoidosis [47]
Nausea [5] Endocrine/Metabolic Seborrheic dermatitis [2]
Vomiting [4] Hypoglycemia (6–7%) [3] Sjögren’s syndrome [4]
Thrombocytopenic purpura [2]
Respiratory Local
Toxicity [4]
Bronchitis (15%) Injection-site reactions (10%) [2]
Urticaria [K] (<3%) [3]
Cough (12%) Vasculitis [7]
Influenza (19%) Vitiligo [9]
Nasopharyngitis [6]
Pharyngitis (8%) Hair
Rhinitis (5%) Alopecia (23%) [16]
Sinusitis (19%) Hair pigmentation [3]
Upper respiratory tract infection (11–29%) Hypertrichosis [3]
[3] Straight hair [2]
Endocrine/Metabolic Mucosal
Hypoglycemia [5] Aphthous stomatitis [2]
Oral lichen planus [7]
Genitourinary Stomatitis (<10%)
Urinary tract infection (11%) Xerostomia (>10%) [4]
INTERFERON ALFA See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Cardiovascular Otic Vertigo (dizziness) (35%)

Cardiotoxicity [2] Tinnitus [4] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Hypertension [3] Ocular Arthralgia [2]
Hypotension [2] Eyelashes – hypertrichosis [3] Asthenia (fatigue) [3]
Central Nervous System Optic neuropathy [4] Myalgia/Myopathy (44%)
Ageusia (taste loss) [2] Retinopathy [6] Rhabdomyolysis [2]
Anorexia [5] Vision blurred (4%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Anosmia [4] Local Hepatotoxicity [6]
Anxiety [3] Injection-site alopecia [2]
Chills [4] Respiratory
Injection-site erythema [2] Flu-like syndrome (61%) [15]
Depression (5–15%) [25] Injection-site induration [3]
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) [K] (25%) [2] Upper respiratory tract infection (31%)
Injection-site necrosis [16]
Fever (37%) [7] Endocrine/Metabolic
Headache (54%) [6] Other Mastodynia (7%)
Impaired concentration [2] Adverse effects [6] Thyroid dysfunction [4]
Insomnia (19%) Infection [4]
Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome [6] Genitourinary
Irritability [3] Vaginitis (4%)
Neurotoxicity [4]
Paresthesias 8% [L] (12%) Renal
Parkinsonism [3] INTERFERON BETA Nephrotoxicity [2]
Restless legs syndrome [2] Hematologic
Rigors (35%) Trade names: Avonex (Biogen), Betaferon Hemolytic uremic syndrome [3]
Seizures [2] (Bayer), Betaseron (Bayer), Plegridy (Biogen), Thrombotic microangiopathy [4]
Suicidal ideation [6] Rebif (Merck) Ocular
Tremor [2] Indications: Relapsing multiple sclerosis, cancers Retinopathy [3]
Vertigo (dizziness) (16%) [2] Class: Immunomodulator, Interferon
Half-life: 10 hours Local
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Injection-site ecchymoses (2%)
Arthralgia (28%) [4] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
interactions with: theophylline, theophylline Injection-site erythema [2]
Asthenia (fatigue) (56%) [11] Injection-site inflammation (3%)
Back pain (9%) derivatives, zidovudine
Pregnancy category: C Injection-site necrosis [3]
Myalgia/Myopathy 69% [L] 71% [K] [11] Injection-site purpura (2%)
Myasthenia gravis [11] Important contra-indications noted in the
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Injection-site reactions (4%) [10]
Rhabdomyolysis [3]
pediatric patients Other
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Adverse effects [4]
Abdominal pain (15%) Death [4]
Constipation [2] Skin
Cyst (4%) Infection (11%) [3]
Diarrhea (24%) [6]
Hepatotoxicity [2] Diaphoresis (23%)
Nausea (24%) [8] Edema (generalized) (8%)
Pancreatitis [7] Herpes simplex (2–3%) INTERFERON GAMMA
Vomiting [5] Herpes zoster (3)
Hypersensitivity (3%) Trade name: Actimmune (Horizon)
Respiratory Lipoatrophy [2] Indications: Chronic granulomatous disease,
Cough [2] Lupus erythematosus [8] severe malignant osteopetrosis
Dyspnea (13%) [2] Nevi (3%) Class: Immunomodulator, Interferon
Flu-like syndrome (>10%) [11] Nicolau syndrome [2] Half-life: 6 hours
Pulmonary hypertension [3] Psoriasis [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Endocrine/Metabolic Rash [2] interactions with: tasonermin, typhoid vaccine
ALT increased [2] Raynaud’s phenomenon [2] Pregnancy category: N/A (May cause fetal
AST increased [2] Sarcoidosis [2] toxicity based on findings in animal studies)
Hyperglycemia [2] Thrombocytopenic purpura [4] Important contra-indications noted in the
Hyperthyroidism [3] Urticaria (5%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Thyroid dysfunction [5] Vasculitis [4] pediatric patients
Thyroiditis [3] Hair
Weight loss (16%) [5] Alopecia (4%) Skin
Genitourinary Mucosal Rash (17%)
Impotence [2] Mucosal bleeding (12–38%) Central Nervous System
Renal Cardiovascular Chills (14%) [3]
Nephrotoxicity [3] Capillary leak syndrome [3] Fever (52%) [8]
Proteinuria [2] Headache (33%) [3]
Hematologic Chills (21%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Anemia (11%) [8] Depression [8] Arthralgia (2%)
Febrile neutropenia [2] Fever [4] Asthenia (fatigue) (14%) [3]
Hemolytic uremic syndrome [6] Headache [5] Myalgia/Myopathy (6%)
Leukopenia [6] Multiple sclerosis [2] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Lymphopenia (14%) Pain (52%) Diarrhea (14%)
Neutropenia (21%) [5] Paresthesias [2] Nausea (10%)
Thrombocytopenia [8] Psychosis [2] Vomiting (13%)
Seizures (2%) [2]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual IRBESARTAN
Respiratory Diarrhea (32–37%) [47] Mucosal

Flu-like syndrome [4] Enterocolitis (7%) [7] Oral lesions (<5%)
Hematologic Gastritis [2] Oral ulceration [2]
Lymphopenia [2] Gastrointestinal perforation [5] Xerostomia (3%) [3]
Hepatitis [16] Central Nervous System
Local Hepatotoxicity (<2%) [19]
Injection-site erythema (14%) [2] Dysgeusia (taste perversion) [2]
Ileus [2] Trembling (<10%)
Nausea [5]
Pancreatitis [4] Ocular
IPILIMUMAB Vomiting [2] Mydriasis [2]
Respiratory Other
Trade name: Yervoy (Bristol-Myers Squibb) Dyspnea [2] Adverse effects [2]
Indications: Melanoma Pneumonia [5]
Class: Biologic, CTLA-4-blocking monoclonal Pneumonitis [9]
antibody, Monoclonal antibody
Half-life: 15 days Endocrine/Metabolic IRBESARTAN
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Adrenal insufficiency [4]
ALT increased [12] Trade names: Aprovel (Bristol-Myers Squibb),
interactions with: none known Avalide (Bristol-Myers Squibb), Avapro (Sanofi-
Pregnancy category: C AST increased [10]
Diabetes mellitus [3] Aventis)
Important contra-indications noted in the Indications: Hypertension, diabetic nephropathy
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Hyperthyroidism [4]
Hyponatremia [3] Class: Angiotensin II receptor antagonist
pediatric patients (blocker), Antihypertensive
Warning: IMMUNE-MEDIATED ADVERSE Hypophysitis [39]
Hypopituitarism (<4%) Half-life: 11–15 hours
REACTIONS Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Hypothyroidism [14]
Thyroid dysfunction [4] interactions with: ACE inhibitors, adrenergic
Skin Thyroiditis [16] neurone blockers, alcohol, aldesleukin,
Dermatitis (12%) [14] Thyrotoxicosis [3] aldosterone antagonists, aliskiren, alpha blockers,
Dermatomyositis [2] Weight loss [2] alprostadil, amifostine, antihypertensives,
Erythema [5] antipsychotics, anxiolytics and hypnotics,
Erythema multiforme [2] Renal baclofen, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers,
Exanthems [6] Nephrotoxicity [7] carvedilol, clonidine, corticosteroids,
Granulomas [5] Renal failure [4] cyclosporine, CYP2C8 and CYP2C9 substrates,
Lymphadenopathy [3] Hematologic diazoxide, diuretics, eplerenone, fluconazole,
Pruritus (21–31%) [22] Anemia [3] general anesthetics, heparins, hypotensives,
Rash (19–29%) [29] Hyperlipasemia [3] levodopa, lithium, MAO inhibitors, methyldopa,
Sarcoidosis [4] Neutropenia [6] methylphenidate, moxisylyte, moxonidine,
Stevens-Johnson syndrome [3] Thrombocytopenia [6] nitrates, NSAIDs, pentoxifylline,
Toxic epidermal necrolysis [3] Ocular phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors, potassium salts,
Toxicity [4] Iridocyclitis [3] prostacyclin analogues, rifamycin derivatives,
Transient acantholytic dermatosis [2] Ocular adverse effects [3] rituximab, tacrolimus, tizanidine, tolvaptan,
Urticaria (2%) [3] Orbital inflammation [4] trimethoprim
Vasculitis [3] Retinitis [2] Pregnancy category: D (category C in first
Vitiligo [3] Uveitis [9] trimester; category D in second and third
Hair Xerophthalmia [2] trimesters)
Alopecia [3] Important contra-indications noted in the
Local prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Cardiovascular Infusion-related reactions [4] pediatric patients
Atrial fibrillation [2] Injection-site reactions [2] Note: Avalide is irbesartan and
Cardiotoxicity [3] Other hydrochlorothiazide. Hydrochlorothiazide is a
Myocarditis [4] Adverse effects [32] sulfonamide which can be absorbed systemically.
Pericarditis [2] Death [15] Sulfonamides can produce severe, possibly fatal,
Central Nervous System reactions such as toxic epidermal necrolysis and
Anorexia [3] Stevens-Johnson syndrome.
Chills [2]
Encephalitis [3]
IPRATROPIUM Warning: FETAL TOXICITY
Encephalopathy [4] Trade names: Atrovent (Boehringer Ingelheim), Skin

Fever [4] Combivent (Boehringer Ingelheim), Duoneb Angioedema [3]
Guillain–Barré syndrome [6] (Mylan Specialty), Ipratropium Steri-Neb (Ivax), Edema (<10%)
Headache (14%) [3] Rinatec (Boehringer Ingelheim) Peripheral edema [2]
Neurotoxicity [6] Indications: Bronchospasm Rash (<10%)
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Class: Anticholinergic, Muscarinic antagonist Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Arthralgia [5] Half-life: 2 hours Pancreatitis [2]
Asthenia (fatigue) (34–41%) [12] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Myalgia/Myopathy [5] interactions with: anticholinergics Respiratory
Myasthenia gravis [6] Pregnancy category: B Cough [2]
Rhabdomyolysis [2] Important contra-indications noted in the
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers
Abdominal pain [3] Note: Combivent is ipratropium and albuterol.
Colitis (5–8%) [56]
Constipation [2]
IRINOTECAN Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Endocrine/Metabolic Depression (<5%)

IRINOTECAN Dehydration [4] Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (<5%)
Renal Encephalopathy (<5%)
Trade names: Camptosar (Pfizer), Onivyde Gait instability (<5%)
(Merrimack) Proteinuria [5]
Hallucinations (<5%)
Indications: Metastatic colorectal carcinoma Hematologic Headache (17%)
(Camptosar), metastatic adenocarcinoma of the Anemia (97%) [18] Hypoesthesia (<5%)
pancreas (Onivyde - in combination with Febrile neutropenia [15] Insomnia (11%)
fluorouracil and leucovorin) Leukopenia (96%) [12] Migraine (<5%)
Class: Antineoplastic, Topoisomerase 1 inhibitor Lymphopenia [2] Paresthesias (<5%)
Half-life: 6–10 hours Neutropenia (96%) [49] Peripheral neuropathy (<5%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Thrombocytopenia (96%) [10] Seizures (<5%)
interactions with: aprepitant, atazanavir, Other Somnolence (drowsiness) (<5%)
bevacizumab, ketoconazole, lapatinib, safinamide, Adverse effects [3] Stupor (<5%)
sorafenib, St John’s wort, strong CYP3A4 Allergic reactions (9%) Syncope (<5%)
inhibitors, voriconazole Death [7] Tremor (<5%)
Pregnancy category: D Infection (14%) [4] Vertigo (dizziness) (<5%)
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Neuromuscular/Skeletal
mothers; pediatric patients Asthenia (fatigue) (11%)
Warning: DIARRHEA and ISAVUCONAZONIUM Back pain (10%)
MYELOSUPPRESSION (Camptosar) Bone or joint pain (<5%)
SEVERE NEUTROPENIA and SEVERE DIAR-
SULFATE Myalgia/Myopathy (<5%)
Neck pain (<5%)
RHEA (Onivyde) Trade name: Cresemba (Astellas)
Indications: Invasive aspergillosis, mucormycosis
Abdominal distension (<5%)
Skin Class: Antifungal, azole
Acneform eruption [4] Half-life: 130 hours
Cholecystitis (<5%)
Exfoliative dermatitis (14%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Cholelithiasis (gallstones) (<5%)
Flushing (11%) interactions with: carbamazepine,
Constipation (14%)
Hand–foot syndrome [6] ketoconazole, rifampin, ritonavir, St John’s wort,
Diarrhea (24%) [3]
Pruritus [4] strong CYP3A4 inducers or inhibitors
Dyspepsia (6%)
Rash (46%) [7] Pregnancy category: C
Gastritis (<5%)
Toxicity [4] Important contra-indications noted in the
Hepatic failure (<5%)
Hair Hepatomegaly (<5%)
pediatric patients
Alopecia (13–61%) [24] Hepatotoxicity (17%)
Note: Contra-indicated in patients with familial
Mucosal Nausea (28%) [3]
short QT syndrome.
Mucositis (30%) [3] Vomiting (25%)
Stomatitis (<14%) [6] Respiratory
Skin Bronchospasm (<5%)
Cardiovascular Dermatitis (<5%)
Bradycardia [2] Dyspnea (17%)
Erythema (<5%)
Hypertension [10] Respiratory failure (7%)
Exfoliative dermatitis (<5%)
Hypotension (5%) Tachypnea (<5%)
Hypersensitivity (<5%)
Thrombophlebitis (<10%) Peripheral edema (15%) Endocrine/Metabolic
Vasodilation (6%) Petechiae (<5%) Appetite decreased (9%)
Central Nervous System Pruritus (8%) Hypoalbuminemia (<5%)
Anorexia (44%) [19] Rash (9%) Hypoglycemia (<5%)
Chills (14%) Urticaria (<5%) Hypokalemia (19%)
Confusion (3%) Hypomagnesemia (5%)
Hair Hyponatremia (<5%)
Dysarthria [2] Alopecia (<5%)
Fever (44%) [3] Genitourinary
Mucosal Hematuria (<5%)
Insomnia [2]
Gingivitis (<5%)
Neurotoxicity [5] Renal
Stomatitis (<5%)
Pain (23%) Proteinuria (<5%)
Somnolence (drowsiness) (9%) Cardiovascular Renal failure (10%)
Vertigo (dizziness) (21%) Atrial fibrillation (<5%)
Atrial flutter (<5%) Hematologic
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Agranulocytosis (<5%)
Bradycardia (<5%)
Asthenia (fatigue) (69%) [22] Leukopenia (<5%)
Cardiac arrest (<5%)
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Chest pain (9%) Pancytopenia (<5%)
Abdominal pain (68%) [3] Extrasystoles (<5%) Otic
Constipation (32%) [3] Hypotension (8%) Tinnitus (<5%)
Diarrhea (83%) [47] Palpitation (<5%)
Hepatotoxicity [3] Ocular
QT interval shortening (<5%)
Nausea (82%) [22] Optic neuropathy (<5%)
Thrombophlebitis (<5%)
Vomiting (63%) [19] Local
Respiratory Injection-site reactions (6%)
Anxiety (8%)
Cough (20%) Chills (<5%) Other
Dyspnea (22%) Confusion (<5%) Adverse effects [3]
Pneumonia (4%) [5] Delirium (9%)
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual ISOTRETINOIN

ISONIAZID Adverse effects [6] Headache [7]
Death [3] Vertigo (dizziness) [2]
Synonym: INH Side effects (2%) [2]
Trade names: Rifamate (Sanofi-Aventis), Rifater Other
(Sanofi-Aventis) Adverse effects [2]
Indications: Tuberculosis
Class: Antibiotic, Antimycobacterial ISOSORBIDE
Half-life: <4 hours
Indications: Acute angle-closure glaucoma
ISOTRETINOIN
interactions with: acetaminophen, Class: Diuretic Synonym: 13-cis-retinoic acid
betamethasone, ethosuximide, insulin aspart, Half-life: 5–9.5 hours Trade names: Accutane (Roche), Amnesteem
insulin degludec, insulin detemir, insulin glargine, Clinically important, potentially hazardous (Genpharm), Claravis (Barr), Roaccutane (Roche)
insulin glulisine, itraconazole, levodopa, interactions with: sildenafil Indications: Cystic acne
metformin, phenytoin, prednisolone, propranolol, Pregnancy category: C Class: Retinoid
rifampin, rifapentine, safinamide, triamcinolone Note: Various forms of isosorbide are available – Half-life: 21–24 hours
Pregnancy category: C see other isosorbide profiles for reaction details. Clinically important, potentially hazardous
interactions with: acitretin, alcohol (ethyl),
Skin Central Nervous System antacids, bexarotene, carbamazepine,
Acneform eruption [7] Headache [10] cholestyramine, co-trimoxazole, corticosteroids,
AGEP [2] dairy products, minocycline, oral contraceptives,
Angioedema [2] phenytoin, retinoids, St John’s wort, tetracycline,
Bullous dermatitis [2] ISOSORBIDE tetracyclines, vitamin A
Dermatitis [3]
DRESS syndrome [7] DINITRATE Important contra-indications noted in the
Erythema multiforme [2] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Exanthems [4] Trade names: Dilatrate-SR (Schwarz), Isordil pediatric patients
Exfoliative dermatitis [5] (Wyeth), Sorbitrate (AstraZeneca) Note: Oral retinoids can cause birth defects, and
Hypersensitivity [7] Indications: Angina pectoris women should avoid isotretinoin when pregnant
Lichenoid eruption [3] Class: Nitrate, Vasodilator or trying to conceive.
Lupus erythematosus [58] Half-life: 4 hours (oral)
Peripheral edema [22] Clinically important, potentially hazardous Skin
Photosensitivity [5] interactions with: sildenafil Abscess [3]
Pruritus [3] Pregnancy category: C Acneform eruption [20]
Purpura [7] Important contra-indications noted in the Angioedema [3]
Pustules [3] prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Desquamation (palms and soles) (5%)
Stevens-Johnson syndrome [5] mothers; pediatric patients Diaphoresis [2]
Toxic epidermal necrolysis [9] Note: Various forms of isosorbide are available – Edema (subcutaneous, recurrent) [2]
Toxicity [2] see other isosorbide profiles for reaction details. Erythema nodosum [3]
Urticaria (<5%) [4] Exfoliative dermatitis (<10%)
Vasculitis [2] Skin Facial edema (<10%)
Hair Flushing (>10%) Facial erythema [3]
Alopecia [3] Fragility [3]
Granulation tissue [4]
Mucosal Headache [3]
Keloid [5]
Oral lesions [2] Pallor (<10%)
Central Nervous System Photosensitivity (>10%) [7]
Fever [3] ISOSORBIDE MONO- Pigmentation [2]
Hallucinations [3] Pityriasis rosea [2]
Neurotoxicity [2] NITRATE Pruritus (<5%) [5]
Peripheral neuropathy [2] Pyoderma gangrenosum [3]
Trade names: Imdur (Schering), Monoket Rash [3]
Psychosis [2]
(Schwarz) Sweet’s syndrome [2]
Seizures [9]
Indications: Angina pectoris Urticaria [2]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Class: Nitrate, Vasodilator
Arthralgia [2] Vasculitis [4]
Half-life: ~4 hours Xanthomas [2]
Rhabdomyolysis (3%) [4] Clinically important, potentially hazardous Xerosis (>10%) [12]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic interactions with: sildenafil
Hepatotoxicity [33] Pregnancy category: B Hair
Pancreatitis [4] Important contra-indications noted in the Alopecia (16%) [3]
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Curly hair [3]
Respiratory
mothers; pediatric patients Nails
Pleural effusion [2]
Note: Various forms of isosorbide are available – Brittle nails [2]
Endocrine/Metabolic see other isosorbide profiles for reaction details. Elkonyxis [2]
Gynecomastia [4] Median canaliform dystrophy [3]
Renal Skin Onycholysis [3]
Nephrotoxicity [2] Flushing (>10%) [2] Paronychia [4]
Ocular Pyogenic granuloma [8]
Cardiovascular
Hallucinations, visual [2] Palpitation [2] Mucosal
Optic neuritis [3] Cheilitis (>90%) [17]
Epistaxis (nosebleed) [2]
ISOTRETINOIN See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Mucositis [2] heart failure (CHF) or a history of CHF except for

Xerostomia (>10%) [5] ITRACONAZOLE the treatment of life-threatening or other serious
Central Nervous System infections.
Trade names: Onmel (Merz), Sporanox Warning: CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE,
Depression [7] (Janssen)
Headache [7] CARDIAC EFFECTS AND DRUG
Indications: Onychomycosis, deep mycoses, INTERACTIONS
Pseudotumor cerebri [4] oropharyngeal candidiasis (oral solution only)
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Class: Antibiotic, triazole, Antifungal, azole,
Arthralgia [4] CYP3A4 inhibitor Skin
Asthenia (fatigue) [2] Half-life: 21 hours AGEP [3]
Myalgia/Myopathy [8] Clinically important, potentially hazardous Angioedema [2]
Rhabdomyolysis [2] interactions with: abiraterone, acalabrutinib, Diaphoresis (3%)
Sacroiliitis [3] afatinib, alfentanil, alfuzosin, aliskiren, alprazolam, Edema (<4%) [11]
Stiff person syndrome [2] amphotericin B, amprenavir, anisindione, antacids, Exanthems (<3%) [7]
aprepitant, aripiprazole, artemether/lumefantrine, Peripheral edema (4%)
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Phototoxicity [2]
Abdominal pain [3] astemizole, atazanavir, atorvastatin, avanafil,
boceprevir, bosentan, brigatinib, budesonide, Pruritus (<3%) [8]
Hepatotoxicity [3] Rash (8%) [10]
Pancreatitis [3] buspirone, busulfan, cabazitaxel, cabozantinib,
calcifediol, calcium channel blockers, Urticaria [3]
Endocrine/Metabolic carbamazepine, cerivastatin, ciclesonide, Hair
Amenorrhea [2] cilostazol, cimetidine, cinacalcet, cisapride, Alopecia [3]
Gynecomastia [2] clarithromycin, clopidogrel, clorazepate,
Hypercholesterolemia [2] Mucosal
cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir Xerostomia [3]
Hyperlipidemia [2] alafenamide, cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/
Hypertriglyceridemia [5] tenofovir disoproxil, cobimetinib, colchicine, Cardiovascular
Hematologic conivaptan, copanlisib, corticosteroids, Cardiac arrest [2]
Neutropenia [2] coumarins, crizotinib, cyclophosphamide, Cardiac failure [4]
cyclosporine, cyproterone, dabigatran, Congestive heart failure [4]
Ocular Hypertension (3%) [3]
Myopia [2] darifenacin, dasatinib, dexamethasone, diazepam,
dicumarol, didanosine, digoxin, QT prolongation [5]
Ocular adverse effects [2] Torsades de pointes [2]
Photophobia [2] dihydroergotamine, dihydropyridines,
Xerophthalmia [2] disopyramide, docetaxel, dofetilide, dronedarone, Central Nervous System
efavirenz, eletriptan, enzalutamide, eplerenone, Fever [2]
Other ergotamine, erlotinib, erythromycin, estradiol, Headache (4%) [3]
Adverse effects [10] ethotoin, everolimus, felodipine, fentanyl, Neurotoxicity [5]
Side effects [2] fesoterodine, flibanserin, fluticasone propionate, Peripheral neuropathy [4]
Teratogenicity [8] fosamprenavir, fosphenytoin, gefitinib, grapefruit Seizures [2]
juice, halofantrine, haloperidol, histamine H2- Tremor [2]
antagonists, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, Vertigo (dizziness) [2]
ISRADIPINE ibrutinib, iloperidone, imatinib, indinavir, Neuromuscular/Skeletal
irinotecan, isoniazid, ivabradine, ixabepilone, Asthenia (fatigue) [3]
Trade name: DynaCirc (Reliant) lapatinib, lercanidipine, levomethadyl, lomitapide, Back pain [2]
Indications: Hypertension lopinavir, lovastatin, lurasidone, mephenytoin, Rhabdomyolysis [7]
Class: Calcium channel blocker methadone, methylergonovine,
Half-life: 8 hours methylprednisolone, methysergide, micafungin, Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Clinically important, potentially hazardous midazolam(oral), midostaurin, mifepristone, Abdominal pain (2–6%) [5]
interactions with: amprenavir, delavirdine, mizolastine, naldemedine, neratinib, nevirapine, Constipation [2]
epirubicin, imatinib, phenytoin nilotinib, nisoldipine, olaparib, omeprazole, oral Diarrhea [4]
Pregnancy category: C hypoglycemics, osimertinib, paclitaxel, Hepatitis [2]
palbociclib, paliperidone, pantoprazole, Hepatotoxicity [8]
pazopanib, phenobarbital, phenytoin, Nausea (5–7%) [8]
Skin Pancreatitis [2]
Edema (7%) [6] pimavanserin, pimecrolimus, pimozide, ponatinib,
prednisolone, prednisone, proton pump Vomiting [3]
Exanthems (2%)
Flushing (2–9%) [9] inhibitors, quetiapine, quinidine, ranolazine, Respiratory
Pruritus (<6%) reboxetine, regorafenib, repaglinide, ribociclib, Cough (4%)
Rash (2%) rifabutin, rifampin, rilpivirine, rimonabant, Dyspnea (2%)
ritonavir, rivaroxaban, romidepsin, ruxolitinib, Flu-like syndrome [2]
Mucosal saquinavir, sildenafil, silodosin, simeprevir, Pneumonia (2%)
Oral lesions (6%) simvastatin, sirolimus, solifenacin, sonidegib, Endocrine/Metabolic
Cardiovascular sunitinib, tacrolimus, tadalafil, telaprevir,
ALT increased [2]
QT prolongation [2] telithromycin, temsirolimus, terfenadine,
AST increased [2]
tezacaftor/ivacaftor, ticagrelor, tolterodine,
Central Nervous System Hyperbilirubinemia [2]
tolvaptan, triamcinolone, triazolam, trimetrexate,
Headache (9%) Hypertriglyceridemia [2]
ulipristal, valbenazine, vardenafil, vemurafenib,
Vertigo (dizziness) (9%) Hypokalemia [6]
venetoclax, vinblastine, vincristine, vinflunine,
vinorelbine, vorapaxar, warfarin Renal
Pregnancy category: C Renal failure [2]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers Leukopenia [2]
Note: Contra-indicated in patients with evidence Thrombocytopenia [2]
of ventricular dysfunction such as congestive
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual IVOSIDENIB
Other Oropharyngeal pain (22%) [7] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic

Adverse effects [8] Cardiovascular Abdominal pain [3]
Death [3] Chest pain (4–7%) Other
Side effects [2] Adverse effects [4]
Fever [2] Side effects (mild) [3]
Headache (24%) [8]
IVABRADINE Vertigo (dizziness) (9%) [4]
Trade names: Corlanor (Amgen), Procoralan Neuromuscular/Skeletal IVOSIDENIB *
(Servier) Arthralgia (4–7%)
Myalgia/Myopathy (4–7%) Trade name: Tibsovo (Agios Pharmaceuticals
Indications: Chronic stable angina pectoris Inc)
Class: Cardiotonic agent, HCN channel blocker Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Indications: treatment of adult patients with
Half-life: 2 hours Abdominal pain (16%) [4] relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Diarrhea (13%) [6] (AML) with a susceptible IDH1 mutation as
interactions with: azole antifungals, Hepatotoxicity [3] detected by an FDA-approved test
clarithromycin, CYP3A4 inducers, diltiazem, Nausea (12%) [3] Class: isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 inhibitor
grapefruit juice, itraconazole, ketoconazole, Vomiting [2] Half-life: 93 hours
macrolide antibiotics, nefazodone, nelfinavir, Respiratory Clinically important, potentially hazardous
pentamidine, phenytoin, rifampin, ritonavir, Cough [5] interactions with: none known
sotalol, St John’s wort, strong or moderate Hemoptysis [2] Pregnancy category: N/A (may cause fetal harm
CYP3A4 inhibitors, telithromycin, verapamil Nasopharyngitis (15%) [4] when administered to a pregnant woman)
Pregnancy category: N/A Rhinitis (4–7%) Warning: DIFFERENTIATION SYNDROME
Important contra-indications noted in the Upper respiratory tract infection (22%) [7]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Wheezing (4–7%)
pediatric patients Skin
Endocrine/Metabolic Edema (32%)
AST increased (4–7%) Rash (26%)
Cardiovascular Tumor lysis syndrome (8%)
Atrial fibrillation (8%) [3] Otic
Atrioventricular block (<10%) Otitis media [2] Mucosal
Bradycardia (10%) [6] Other Mucositis (28%)
Hypertension (9%) Adverse effects [4] Cardiovascular
Central Nervous System Chest pain (16%)
Headache (2–5%) [2] Hypotension (12%)
Vertigo (dizziness) (<10%) [3] IVERMECTIN Prolonged QT interval [2]
QT prolongation (26%)
Myalgia/Myopathy (<10%) Trade names: Sklice (Sanofi Pasteur), Soolantra Central Nervous System
(Galderma), Stromectol (Merck) Fever (23%)
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Indications: Various infections caused by Headache (16%)
Nausea [2] susceptible helmintic organisms Peripheral neuropathy (12%)
Ocular Class: Anthelmintic Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Luminous phenomena (14%) [5] Half-life: 16–35 hours Arthralgia (36%)
Vision blurred (<10%) [3] Clinically important, potentially hazardous Asthenia (fatigue) (39%)
Visual disturbances [3] interactions with: alprazolam, barbiturates, Myalgia/Myopathy (18%)
benzodiazepines, diazepam, midazolam, valproic
acid Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
IVACAFTOR Pregnancy category: C
Important contra-indications noted in the Constipation (20%)
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Diarrhea (34%)
Trade name: Kalydeco (Vertex) Nausea (31%)
Indications: Cystic fibrosis in patients aged 6 pediatric patients
Vomiting (18%)
years and older who have a G551D mutation in
the CFTR gene Skin Respiratory
Class: CFTR potentiator Edema (10–53%) [7] Cough (22%)
Half-life: 12 hours Exanthems (<34%) [3] Dyspnea (33%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Facial edema [3] Pleural effusion (13%)
interactions with: CYP3A inducers or Pruritus (38–71%) [14] Endocrine/Metabolic
inhibitors, fluconazole, grapefruit juice, Rash (<93%) [6] ALP increased (27%)
ketoconazole, rifampin, St John’s wort Urticaria (23%) ALT increased (15%)
Pregnancy category: B Cardiovascular Appetite decreased (18%)
Important contra-indications noted in the Tachycardia (4%) AST increased (27%)
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Hyperbilirubinemia (16%)
pediatric patients Central Nervous System Hypermagnesemia (38%)
Note: See also separate profiles for lumacaftor/ Fever (23%) [2] Hyperuricemia (32%)
ivacaftor and tezacaftor/ivacaftor. Headache [3] Hypophosphatemia (25%)
Psychosis [2] Serum creatinine increased (23%)
Skin Hematologic
Acneform eruption (4–7%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal Hemoglobin decreased (60%)
Rash (13%) [6] Arthralgia (9%) Leukocytosis (38%)
Myalgia/Myopathy (20%) [3]
Mucosal
Nasal congestion (20%) [7]
IXAZOMIB Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Ocular
IXAZOMIB Conjunctivitis (6%) JAPANESE
Vision blurred (6%)
Trade name: Ninlaro (Millennium) Xerophthalmia (5%)
ENCEPHALITIS
Indications: Multiple myeloma (in combination
with lenalidomide and dexamethasone) in patients Other VACCINE
who have received at least one prior therapy Adverse effects [4]
Class: Proteasome inhibitor Trade name: Ixiaro (Novartis)
Half-life: 10 days Indications: Active immunization against
Japanese encephalitis for adults
Clinically important, potentially hazardous IXEKIZUMAB Class: Vaccine
interactions with: carbamazepine, phenytoin,
rifampin, St John’s wort, strong CYP3A inducers Half-life: N/A
Trade name: Taltz (Lilly)
Pregnancy category: N/A (Can cause fetal Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Indications: Moderate-to-severe plaque
harm) interactions with: immunosuppressants
psoriasis, active psoriatic arthritis
Important contra-indications noted in the Pregnancy category: C
Class: Interleukin-17A (IL-17A) antagonist,
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Important contra-indications noted in the
Monoclonal antibody
pediatric patients prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Half-life: 13 days
Note: See separate profiles for dexamethasone pediatric patients
and lenalidomide. interactions with: live vaccines
Pregnancy category: N/A (Insufficient evidence Skin
Skin to inform drug-associated risk) Edema (4%)
Acneform eruption [3] Important contra-indications noted in the Pruritus (4%)
Erythema [4] prescribing guidelines for: pediatric patients Rash (<10%)
Erythema multiforme [2] Central Nervous System
Exanthems [8] Skin Fever [5]
Exfoliative dermatitis [4] Candidiasis [3] Headache (28%) [5]
Facial edema [2] Hypersensitivity [6] Seizures [2]
Hyperhidrosis [4] Peripheral edema [2] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Peripheral edema (25%) [4] Pruritus [2] Asthenia (fatigue) (11%) [2]
Petechiae [3] Tinea [2] Myalgia/Myopathy (16%)
Pigmentation [3] Urticaria [2]
Pruritus [4] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Central Nervous System Diarrhea (<10%)
Rash (19%) [10] Headache [8]
Urticaria [2] Nausea (<10%)
Xerosis [3] Neuromuscular/Skeletal Vomiting (<10%)
Arthralgia [2] Respiratory
Hair
Alopecia [2] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Flu-like syndrome (12%)
Colitis [3] Local
Central Nervous System Crohn’s disease [4]
Chills [2] Injection-site edema (<10%)
Nausea (2%) Injection-site erythema (<10%)
Fever [4]
Insomnia [2] Respiratory Injection-site induration (<10%)
Peripheral neuropathy (28%) [11] Nasopharyngitis [12] Injection-site pain (33%) [4]
Upper respiratory tract infection (14%) [12] Injection-site pruritus (<10%)
Asthenia (fatigue) [10] Endocrine/Metabolic Other
Back pain (21%) ALT increased [2] Adverse effects [5]
AST increased [2]
Abdominal pain [2] Hematologic
Constipation (34%) [3] Neutropenia (11%) [4] JOJOBA OIL
Diarrhea (42%) [12] Thrombocytopenia (3%)
Nausea (26%) [11] Family: Simmondsiaceae
Otic
Vomiting (22%) [10] Scientific names: Buxus chinensis, Simmondsia
Ear infection (2%)
chinensis
Respiratory Local Indications: Moisturizer in cosmetics and hair
Dyspnea [2] Injection-site erythema [3] care products, edible oil
Pneumonia [3] Injection-site pain [2] Half-life: N/A
Upper respiratory tract infection (19%) Injection-site reactions (17%) [15] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Endocrine/Metabolic Other interactions with: none known
Appetite decreased [4] Adverse effects [3] Pregnancy category: N/A
Dehydration [3] Death [4]
Hypokalemia [2] Infection [7] Skin
Renal Dermatitis [2]
Renal failure [2]
Hematologic
Anemia [9]
Leukopenia [3]
Lymphopenia [5]
Platelets decreased [3]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual KETOCONAZOLE
liver failure. At least one patient required a liver

JUNIPER transplant. Kava has now been banned in many KETOCONAZOLE
countries
Family: Cupressaceae Kava was discovered by Captain Cook, who Trade name: Nizoral (Janssen)
Scientific names: Juniperus communis, Juniperus named the plant ?intoxicating pepper.? In the Indications: Fungal infections
oxycedrus, Juniperus phoenicea, Juniperus virginiana South Pacific, kava is a popular social drink, similar Class: Antibiotic, imidazole, Antifungal, azole,
Indications: Cystitis, urethritis, urinary tract to alcohol in Western societies. CYP3A4 inhibitor
infections, flatulent colic, rheumatism, arthritis, Half-life: initial: 2 hours; terminal: 8 hours
gout, leucorrhea, blenorrhea, scrofula. Topical: Clinically important, potentially hazardous
joint pain, muscle pain, neuralgia, chronic eczema. Central Nervous System interactions with: abemaciclib, abiraterone,
Inhalant: bronchitis, lung infections. Condiment, Coma [2] afatinib, alcohol, alfuzosin, aliskiren, alitretinoin,
flavor component (gin, Chartreuse, bitters), Gastrointestinal/Hepatic almotriptan, alprazolam, amphotericin B,
perfume Hepatotoxicity [13] amprenavir, anisindione, anticoagulants,
Class: Anti-inflammatory Other aprepitant, aripiprazole, astemizole, atazanavir,
Half-life: N/A Adverse effects [8] avanafil, axitinib, beclomethasone, bedaquiline,
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Side effects [3] benzodiazepines, betrixaban, boceprevir,
interactions with: loop diuretics, thiazide bosentan, bosutinib, brentuximab vedotin,
diuretics brigatinib, budesonide, buprenorphine,
Pregnancy category: N/A cabazitaxel, cabozantinib, caffeine, calcifediol,
KETAMINE ceritinib, chlordiazepoxide, ciclesonide, cilostazol,
cimetidine, cinacalcet, cisapride, clopidogrel,
Trade name: Ketalar (Monarch)
KANAMYCIN Indications: Induction of anesthesia
clorazepate, cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/
tenofovir alafenamide, cobicistat/elvitegravir/
Class: Anesthetic emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil, colchicine,
Indications: Various infections caused by Half-life: 2–3 hours
susceptible organisms conivaptan, copanlisib, crizotinib, cyclosporine,
Clinically important, potentially hazardous cyproterone, dabigatran, darifenacin, darunavir,
Class: Antibiotic, aminoglycoside interactions with: memantine, mivacurium
Half-life: 2–4 hours dasatinib, desvenlafaxine, dexlansoprazole,
Pregnancy category: D dicumarol, didanosine, disopyramide, docetaxel,
interactions with: aldesleukin, atracurium, dofetilide, domperidone, doxercalciferol,
bacitracin, bumetanide, doxacurium, ethacrynic Skin dronedarone, dutasteride, echinacea, elbasvir &
acid, furosemide, methoxyflurane, neostigmine, Pruritus [3] grazoprevir, eletriptan, eplerenone, erlotinib,
non-depolarizing muscle relaxants, pancuronium, Rash (<10%) erythromycin, estradiol, eszopiclone, everolimus,
polypeptide antibiotics, rocuronium, Mucosal fentanyl, fesoterodine, fingolimod, flibanserin,
succinylcholine, teicoplanin, torsemide, Sialorrhea [2] flunisolide, fluticasone propionate, fosamprenavir,
vecuronium gastric alkanizers, halofantrine, HMG-CoA
Cardiovascular reductase inhibitors, ibrutinib, iloperidone,
Pregnancy category: D Bradycardia [4]
Important contra-indications noted in the imatinib, indacaterol, indinavir, irinotecan,
Hypertension [5] isavuconazonium sulfate, ivabradine, ivacaftor,
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers Hypotension [5]
Note: Aminoglycosides may cause neurotoxicity ixabepilone, lanthanum, lapatinib,
Tachycardia [2] levomilnacipran, lomitapide, lopinavir, lurasidone,
and/or nephrotoxicity.
Central Nervous System macitentan, maraviroc, mefloquine, methadone,
Agitation [5] methylergonovine, methylprednisolone,
Skin Amnesia [2] midazolam, midostaurin, mizolastine,
Edema (>10%) Hallucinations [14] mometasone, naldemedine, neratinib, nevirapine,
Pruritus (<10%) Headache [3] nilotinib, nisoldipine, non-sedating antihistamines,
Rash (<10%) Mania [2] olaparib, omeprazole, ospemifene, oxybutynin,
Renal Nightmares [2] paclitaxel, palbociclib, pantoprazole, paricalcitol,
Nephrotoxicity [2] Sedation [4] pazopanib, pimavanserin, pimecrolimus,
Otic Tremor (>10%) pimozide, pomalidomide, ponatinib,
Hearing loss [2] Vertigo (dizziness) [5] prednisolone, prednisone, proton-pump
Ototoxicity [8] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic inhibitors, quetiapine, quinidine, rabeprazole,
Hepatotoxicity [2] ramelteon, ranolazine, reboxetine, regorafenib,
Nausea [8] ribociclib, rifampin, rilpivirine, rimonabant,
ritonavir, rivaroxaban, roflumilast, romidepsin,
KAVA Vomiting [11]
ropivacaine, rupatadine, ruxolitinib, saquinavir,
Respiratory saxagliptin, sildenafil, silodosin, simeprevir,
Family: Piperaceae Apnea [3] simvastatin, solifenacin, sonidegib, sucralfate,
Scientific name: Piper methysticum Hypoxia [3] sunitinib, tacrolimus, tadalafil, tamsulosin,
Indications: Psychosis, depression, headache, Laryngospasm [4] tasimelteon, telaprevir, telithromycin,
migraines, colds, rheumatism, cystitis, vaginal Genitourinary temsirolimus, tezacaftor/ivacaftor, ticagrelor,
prolapse, otitis, abscesses, antistress, analgesic, Cystitis [3] tiotropium, tofacitinib, tolterodine, tolvaptan,
local anesthetic, anticonvulsant trabectedin, tramadol, triamcinolone, triazolam,
Class: Anxiolytic Ocular
trospium, ulipristal, valbenazine, vardenafil,
Half-life: N/A Vision blurred [2]
vemurafenib, venetoclax, venlafaxine, vilazodone,
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Local vinblastine, vincristine, vorapaxar, warfarin,
interactions with: alcohol, alprazolam, Injection-site pain (<10%) zaleplon, ziprasidone, zolpidem, zotarolimus
amitriptyline, benzodiazepines
Other
Adverse effects [4]
Note: Products containing kava have been
implicated in cases of severe liver toxicity. Serious
adverse effects include hepatitis, cirrhosis and
KETOCONAZOLE See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Pregnancy category: C Xerostomia [2]

Skin
Warning: HEPATOTXICITY, QT Cardiovascular
PROLONGATION AND DRUG Hypertension (<10%)
INTERACTIONS LEADING TO QT
Dermatitis [29] Central Nervous System
PROLONGATION
Eczema [3] Headache (>10%) [4]
Erythema [4] Somnolence (drowsiness) [3]
Skin Exanthems [3] Vertigo (dizziness) [4]
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [3] Peripheral edema (<3%)
Angioedema [3] Photoallergic reaction [2]
Dermatitis [3] Abdominal pain (>10%)
Photocontact dermatitis [5]
Exanthems (<9%) [7] Constipation (<10%)
Exfoliative dermatitis [2] Diarrhea (7%) [2]
Pruritus (<10%) [4]
Fixed eruption [2] Dyspepsia (>10%)
Rash (>10%)
Hypersensitivity [3] Flatulence (<10%)
Urticaria [6]
Pigmentation [3] Gastrointestinal bleeding [6]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Gastrointestinal ulceration (<10%) [2]
Pruritus (<9%) [5]
Abdominal pain (3–9%) [2] Nausea (>10%) [12]
Purpura [2]
Constipation [2] Vomiting (<10%) [8]
Rash (<3%) [3]
Diarrhea (3–9%)
Urticaria (<3%) [2] Renal
Dyspepsia (11%) [2]
Xerosis [3] Renal function abnormal (<10%)
Gastrointestinal bleeding [2]
Hair Nausea (3–9%) [2] Hematologic
Alopecia (<4%) [4] Pancreatitis [3] Anemia (<10%)
Mucosal Endocrine/Metabolic Prothrombin time increased (<10%)
Gingivitis [2] Pseudoporphyria [2] Otic
Oral lesions (<5%) [3] Tinnitus (<10%)
Renal
Oral lichenoid eruption [2] Ocular
Renal function abnormal (3–9%)
Oral pigmentation [2] Corneal melting [4]
Local
Cardiovascular Ocular burning [2]
Application-site reactions [2]
QT prolongation [4] Local
Other
Central Nervous System Injection-site pain (<10%)
Chills (<3%) Other
Fever [2] Adverse effects [10]
Neurotoxicity [3] Death [2]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Side effects [2]
KETOROLAC
Rhabdomyolysis [3]
Trade names: Acular (Allergan), Toradol (Roche)
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Indications: Pain, relief of inflammation following LABETALOL
Hepatotoxicity [18] cataract surgery (ophthalmic solution)
Nausea (3–10%) [4] Class: Analgesic, non-opioid, Non-steroidal anti- Trade name: Trandate (Prometheus)
Vomiting (3–10%) inflammatory (NSAID) Indications: Hypertension
Endocrine/Metabolic Half-life: 2–8 hours Class: Adrenergic beta-receptor antagonist,
Gynecomastia (<3%) [8] Clinically important, potentially hazardous Antiarrhythmic class II
interactions with: aspirin, buprenorphine, Half-life: 3–8 hours
Hematologic dabigatran, diclofenac, enoxaparin, meloxicam, Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Eosinophilia [2] methotrexate, probenecid, rivaroxaban, interactions with: cimetidine, halothane,
Other salicylates, tiagabine, tinzaparin imipramine, iobenguane, tricyclic antidepressants
Adverse effects [5] Pregnancy category: C Pregnancy category: C
Death [5] Important contra-indications noted in the Important contra-indications noted in the
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
pediatric patients pediatric patients
KETOPROFEN Warning: GASTROINTESTINAL,
CARDIOVASCULAR, RENAL, AND BLEEDING
Note: Cutaneous side effects of beta-receptor
blockers are clinically polymorphous. They
Trade names: Orudis (Sanofi-Aventis), Oruvail RISK apparently appear after several months of
(Wyeth) continuous therapy.
Indications: Arthritis Skin
Class: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID) Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [3] Skin
Half-life: 1.5–4 hours Dermatitis (3–9%) Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [2]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Diaphoresis (<10%) [2] Edema (<2%)
interactions with: aspirin, caffeine, Edema (<10%) Exanthems (<5%) [4]
methotrexate, probenecid Exanthems (3–9%) Flushing (19%)
Pregnancy category: C Hematoma [2] Lichenoid eruption [4]
Important contra-indications noted in the Hypersensitivity [2] Lupus erythematosus [4]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Pruritus (<10%) Pityriasis rubra pilaris [2]
pediatric patients Purpura (<10%) Pruritus (<10%) [3]
Note: NSAIDs may cause an increased risk of Rash (<10%) Psoriasis (exacerbation) [3]
serious cardiovascular and gastrointestinal
Mucosal Scalp tingling [3]
adverse events, which can be fatal. This risk may Cardiovascular
Stomatitis (<10%)
increase with duration of use. Hypotension [4]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual LAMOTRIGINE
Central Nervous System Local Paresthesias (>10%)

Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (<10%) Injection-site pain (2%) Peripheral neuropathy [3]
Paresthesias (7%) [2] Other Vertigo (dizziness) [4]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Adverse effects [8] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Myalgia/Myopathy [4] Asthenia (fatigue) [5]
Other Myalgia/Myopathy (8%)
Rhabdomyolysis [3]
Side effects (6%) [2] LACTOBACILLUS
Family: Lactobacillaceae Abdominal pain [4]
Diarrhea [4]
LACOSAMIDE Scientific names: Lactobacillus acidophilus,
Lactobacillus amylovorus, Lactobacillus brevis, Hepatotoxicity [3]
Trade name: Vimpat (UCB Pharma) Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Lactobacillus casei, Nausea [6]
Indications: Partial-onset seizures Lactobacillus crispatus, Lactobacillus delbrueckii, Pancreatitis [4]
Class: Anticonvulsant, Antiepileptic Lactobacillus fermentum, Lactobacillus gallinarum, Vomiting [2]
Half-life: 13 hours Lactobacillus johnsonii, Lactobacillus paracasei, Respiratory
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus reuteri, Upper respiratory tract infection [2]
interactions with: alcohol, antipsychotics, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus salivarius,
Lactobacillus sporogenes Endocrine/Metabolic
carbamazepine, chloroquine, fosphenytoin, Acidosis [3]
hydroxychloroquine, lamotrigine, MAO Indications: Oral: Acne, allergic rhinitis, atopic
inhibitors, mefloquine, orlistat, phenobarbital, allergy, diarrhea, Helicobacter pylori infection, Renal
phenytoin, pregabalin, SSRIs, St John’s wort, irritable bowel syndrome, rotavirus, ulcerative Nephrotoxicity [2]
tricyclic antidepressants colitis, urinary tract infections. Suppository: Hematologic
Pregnancy category: C vaginitis, urinary tract infections Anemia [2]
Important contra-indications noted in the Class: Immunomodulator, Probiotic
Half-life: N/A Other
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Adverse effects [9]
mothers; pediatric patients Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Note: Immune-deficient subjects or those with
Skin mucosal disease may experience serious adverse LAMOTRIGINE
Angioedema [2] effects.
Pruritus (2%) Trade name: Lamictal (GSK)
Rash [4] Indications: Epilepsy
Cardiovascular
LAMIVUDINE Class: Anticonvulsant, Antiepileptic, Mood
stabilizer
Bradycardia [3] Synonym: 3TC Half-life: 24 hours
Hypotension [3] Trade names: Combivir (ViiV), Epivir (ViiV), Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Central Nervous System Epzicom (ViiV), Triumeq (ViiV), Trizivir (ViiV) interactions with: eslicarbazepine, lacosamide,
Balance disorder (4%) Indications: HIV progression oral contraceptives, rufinamide
Depression (2%) [2] Class: Antiretroviral, Nucleoside analog reverse Pregnancy category: C
Gait instability (2%) [4] transcriptase inhibitor Important contra-indications noted in the
Headache (13%) [17] Half-life: 5–7 hours prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Incoordination [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous mothers
Irritability [2] interactions with: cobicistat/elvitegravir/ Warning: SERIOUS SKIN RASHES
Memory loss (2%) emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil, emtricitabine,
Sedation [4] trimethoprim Skin
Seizures [5] Pregnancy category: C Angioedema (<10%)
Somnolence (drowsiness) (7%) [12] Note: Combivir is lamivudine and zidovudine; Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome
Tremor (7%) [4] Epzicom is lamivudine and abacavir; Triumeq is [17]
Vertigo (dizziness) (31%) [38] abacavir, dolutegravir and lamivudine; Trizivir is DRESS syndrome [18]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal lamivudine, abacavir and zidovudine,. Erythema (<10%) [2]
Asthenia (fatigue) (2–9%) [9] Erythema multiforme [4]
Ataxia (8%) [10] Skin Exanthems (<10%) [19]
Angioedema [2] Hot flashes (<10%)
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Hypersensitivity (<10%) [29]
Diarrhea (4%) Exanthems [2]
Hypersensitivity [4] Lupus erythematosus [4]
Nausea (11%) [19] Photosensitivity [2]
Pancreatitis [2] Jaundice [2]
Pigmentation [2] Pruritus (3%) [3]
Vomiting (9%) [9] Rash (10–20%) [54]
Pruritus [3]
Respiratory Rash (9%) [10] Stevens-Johnson syndrome (<10%) [53]
Nasopharyngitis [2] Stevens-Johnson syndrome [3] Toxic epidermal necrolysis [54]
Upper respiratory tract infection [2] Toxic epidermal necrolysis [3] Hair
Endocrine/Metabolic Hair Alopecia [2]
Weight gain [2] Alopecia [3] Mucosal
Ocular Central Nervous System Xerostomia (6%)
Abnormal vision [3] Abnormal dreams [2] Central Nervous System
Diplopia (11%) [15] Chills (<10%) Agitation [2]
Nystagmus (5%) Headache [6] Aseptic meningitis [4]
Vision blurred (8%) [4] Insomnia [3] Fever [2]
Neurotoxicity [2] Hallucinations [3]
LAMOTRIGINE Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Headache [6] Cardiovascular Colitis [2]

Insomnia (5–10%) Bradycardia (5–18%) Constipation [2]
Nervousness [2] Hypertension (5%) Diarrhea (<5%) [6]
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome [2] Central Nervous System Hepatitis [2]
Pain (5%) Headache (7%) Nausea [2]
Seizures [9] Pain (7%) Endocrine/Metabolic
Somnolence (drowsiness) (9%) [8] Gynecomastia [2]
Suicidal ideation [2] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Tic disorder [2] Arthralgia (7%) [2] Renal
Tremor [5] Asthenia (fatigue) [2] Nephrotoxicity [2]
Vertigo (dizziness) [9] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Other
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Abdominal pain (7–19%) [7] Death [2]
Asthenia (fatigue) (8%) [3] Cholelithiasis (gallstones) (2–17%) [2]
Ataxia (2–5%) [3] Constipation (8%)
Rhabdomyolysis [3] Diarrhea (31–65%) [7]
Flatulence (6–14%) [4]
LAPATINIB
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Loose stools (6%)
Abdominal pain (6%) Trade name: Tykerb (Novartis)
Nausea (11%) [3] Indications: Breast cancer
Hepatotoxicity [4] Steatorrhea [2]
Nausea [4] Class: Antineoplastic, Biologic, Epidermal growth
Vomiting (7%) factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, Tyrosine kinase
Respiratory Endocrine/Metabolic inhibitor
Cough (5%) Diabetes mellitus (7%) Half-life: 24 hours
Flu-like syndrome (7%) Hyperglycemia (7%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Pharyngitis (5%) Hypoglycemia (7%) interactions with: alfuzosin, artemether/
Rhinitis (7%) Weight loss (5–11%) lumefantrine, atazanavir, carbamazepine,
Endocrine/Metabolic Hematologic chloroquine, ciprofloxacin, clarithromycin,
SIADH [2] Anemia (5–14%) clozapine, colchicine, conivaptan, CYP2C8
Genitourinary substrates, CYP3A4 inhibitors or inducers,
Local dabigatran, deferasirox, dexamethasone, digoxin,
Urinary frequency (<5%) Injection-site induration [3]
Vaginitis (4%) docetaxel, dronedarone, efavirenz, eplerenone,
Injection-site pain (4%) [4] everolimus, fentanyl, food, gadobutrol, grapefruit
Renal Injection-site reactions (6–22%) [2] juice, histamine H2-antagonists, indinavir,
Nephrotoxicity [3] Other irinotecan, itraconazole, ketoconazole,
Hematologic Adverse effects [2] nefazodone, nelfinavir, nilotinib, omeprazole, P-
Agranulocytosis [3] glycoprotein inducers, paclitaxel, pantoprazole,
Ocular pazopanib, phenobarbital, phenytoin,
pimecrolimus, pimozide, posaconazole, proton
Abnormal vision (2–5%) LANSOPRAZOLE pump inhibitors, QT prolonging agents, quinine,
Diplopia [5]
repaglinide, rifabutin, rifampin, rifapentin,
Hallucinations, visual [2] Trade name: Prevacid (TAP)
ritonavir, rivaroxaban, safinamide, salmeterol,
Nystagmus (2–5%) Indications: Active duodenal ulcer
saquinavir, saxagliptin, silodosin, St John’s wort,
Other Class: Proton pump inhibitor (PPI)
telithromycin, tetrabenazine, thioridazine,
Adverse effects [7] Half-life: 2 hours
tolvaptan, topotecan, voriconazole, ziprasidone
Allergic reactions [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Death [6] interactions with: bosutinib, clopidogrel,
Multiorgan failure [2] delavirdine, eucalyptus, neratinib, prednisone,
Side effects [2] rilpivirine, sucralfate
pediatric patients
Teratogenicity [6] Pregnancy category: C
Note: Lapitinib is used in conjunction with
capecitabine.
Warning: HEPATOXICITY
LANREOTIDE Skin
Skin
Trade names: Somatuline Autogel (Ipsen), Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [6]
Acneform eruption (90%) [4]
Somatuline Depot (Ipsen), Somatuline LA (Ipsen) Erythema multiforme [2]
Depigmentation (21%)
Indications: Acromegaly, carcinoid syndrome, Facial edema [2]
Hand–foot syndrome (53%) [10]
thyrotrophic adenoma Hypersensitivity [3]
Inflammation (15%)
Class: Somatostatin analog Lupus erythematosus [3]
Pruritus [3]
Half-life: 2 hours (immediate release) 5 days Peripheral edema [2]
Rash (28%) [26]
(sustained release). Pruritus (3–10%)
Toxicity [7]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Rash (3–10%)
Xerosis (10%)
interactions with: antidiabetics, bromocriptine, Toxic epidermal necrolysis [4]
cyclosporine, insulin, metformin, repaglinide, Urticaria [3] Hair
Alopecia [2]
sulfonylureas Mucosal
Pregnancy category: C Stomatitis [2] Nails
Important contra-indications noted in the Paronychia [4]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Dysgeusia (taste perversion) [3] Mucosal
pediatric patients Headache (3%) [4] Mucosal inflammation (15%)
Vertigo (dizziness) [2] Mucositis [2]
Hair Stomatitis (14%)
Alopecia [2] Abdominal pain [2]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual LEDIPASVIR & SOFOSBUVIR
Cardiovascular Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Hypertension [2] Arthralgia (<10%) LEDIPASVIR &
Back pain (<10%)
SOFOSBUVIR
Anorexia (24%) [2]
Fever [2] Respiratory Trade name: Harvoni (Gilead)
Insomnia (10%) Flu-like syndrome (<10%) Indications: Hepatitis C
Vertigo (dizziness) [2] Upper respiratory tract infection (<10%) Class: Hepatitis C virus NS5A inhibitor
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Ocular (ledipasvir), Hepatitis C virus nucleotide analog
Asthenia (fatigue) (12%) [21] Conjunctival hyperemia [19] NS5B polymerase inhibitor (sofosbuvir)
Back pain (11%) Deepening of upper lid sulcus [5] Half-life: 47 hours (ledipasvir); <27 hours
Bone or joint pain [2] Eyelashes – hypertrichosis [15] (sofosbuvir)
Pain in extremities (12%) Eyelashes – pigmentation [9] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Eyelid edema (<4%) interactions with: amiodarone, carbamazepine,
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir
Abdominal pain (15%) Eyelid erythema (<4%)
Eyelid pain (<10%) disoproxil, oxcarbazepine, phenobarbital,
Diarrhea (65%) [46] phenytoin, rifabutin, rifampin, rifapentine,
Dyspepsia (11%) Eyelid pigmentation [4]
Eyelid pruritus (2%) ritonavir, rosuvastatin, simeprevir, St John’s wort,
Hepatotoxicity [11] tenofovir disoproxil
Nausea (44%) [11] Foreign body sensation [5]
Iris pigmentation [7] Pregnancy category: N/A (Insufficient evidence
Vomiting (26%) [8] to inform drug-associated risk; contra-indicated in
Keratitis [3]
Respiratory Macular edema [7] pregnancy when given with ribavirin )
Dyspnea (12%) [2] Ocular adverse effects [7] Important contra-indications noted in the
Endocrine/Metabolic Ocular hyperemia [4] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
ALT increased (37%) [6] Ocular itching [8] pediatric patients
AST increased (49%) [5] Ocular pigmentation (5%) [13] Note: See also separate entry for sofosbuvir.
Hyperbilirubinemia [5] Periorbitopathy [2]
Hypoalbuminemia [2] Uveitis [5] Skin
Hematologic Vision blurred [3] Pruritus [7]
Anemia [6] Xerophthalmia (<10%) Rash [5]
Febrile neutropenia [2] Other Cardiovascular
Leukopenia [5] Allergic reactions (<10%) Bradycardia [3]
Lymphopenia [2] Central Nervous System
Neutropenia [9] Headache (11–17%) [40]
Thrombocytopenia [2] LAVENDER Insomnia (3–6%) [14]
Otic Irritability [5]
Tinnitus (14%) Family: Lamiaceae Vertigo (dizziness) [3]
Other Scientific names: Lavandula angustifolia,
Lavandula dentata, Lavandula spica, Lavandula vera
Adverse effects [11] Arthralgia [3]
Indications: Restlessness, insomnia, loss of
Death [2] Asthenia (fatigue) (7–18%) [38]
appetite, flatulence, colic, giddiness, nervous
Muscle spasm [2]
headache, migraine, toothache, sprains, neuralgia,
rheumatism, acne, pimples, nausea, vomiting.
LATANOPROST Flavoring, fragrance, insect repellent Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Class: Anxiolytic Constipation [2]
Trade name: Xalatan (Pfizer) Half-life: N/A Diarrhea (3–7%) [14]
Indications: Reduction of elevated intraocular Clinically important, potentially hazardous Hepatotoxicity [3]
pressure in open angle glaucoma or ocular interactions with: none known Nausea (6–9%) [22]
hypertension Pregnancy category: N/A Respiratory
Class: Prostaglandin analog Cough [4]
Half-life: 17 minutes Dyspnea [3]
Skin
Dermatitis [4] Nasopharyngitis [3]
interactions with: thimerosal
Upper respiratory tract infection [7]
Pregnancy category: C Endocrine/Metabolic
Important contra-indications noted in the Gynecomastia [2] Endocrine/Metabolic
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Hypophosphatemia [2]
pediatric patients Renal
Nephrotoxicity [3]
Skin Hematologic
Pigmentation [2] Anemia [8]
Pruritus [2]
Other
Rash (<10%)
Adverse effects [6]
Cardiovascular Infection [2]
Angina (<10%)
Chest pain (<10%)
Headache [3]
LEMON BALM See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Xerostomia (7%) Genitourinary

LEMON BALM Cardiovascular Urinary tract infection (11%)
Family: Labiatae Cardiac failure [2] Renal
Scientific name: Melissa officinalis Cardiotoxicity [2] Nephrotoxicity [3]
Indications: Oral: Alzheimer’s disease, anxiety, Chest pain (5%) Hematologic
attention deficit disorder, colic, dementia, Hypertension (6%) [2] Anemia (31%) [27]
depression, hyperactivity, hyperthyroidism, Palpitation (5%) Cytopenia [3]
insomnia, menstrual cramps, fevers, headache. Thromboembolism [5] Febrile neutropenia (5%) [8]
Topical: genital herpes, herpes simplex, insect Venous thromboembolism [13] Hemotoxicity [13]
bites, insect repellent, muscle tension, skin Central Nervous System Leukopenia (8%) [12]
irritation Anorexia (10%) Lymphopenia (5%) [8]
Class: Carminative, Immunomodulator Depression (5%) Myelosuppression [6]
Half-life: N/A Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (6%) Neutropenia (59%) [60]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Fever (21%) [4] Thrombocytopenia (62%) [52]
interactions with: none known Headache (20%) Thrombosis [4]
Pregnancy category: N/A Hypoesthesia (7%) Ocular
Insomnia (10%) [4] Vision blurred (17%)
Other Neurotoxicity (7%) [8]
Pain (7%) Local
Adverse effects [2] Infusion-related reactions [2]
Peripheral neuropathy (5%) [14]
Rigors (6%) Infusion-site reactions [2]
Somnolence (drowsiness) [2] Injection-site reactions [2]
LENALIDOMIDE Tremor (21%) Other
Vertigo (dizziness) (20%) Adverse effects [14]
Trade name: Revlimid (Celgene) Cancer [2]
Indications: Transfusion-dependent anemia due Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Arthralgia (21%) [4] Death [4]
to myeloplastic syndromes, multiple myeloma (in Infection [20]
combination with dexamethasone) Asthenia (fatigue) (15–31%) [36]
Back pain (21%) [4] Teratogenicity [2]
Class: Biologic, Immunomodulator, Thalidomide
analog Bone or joint pain (14%)
Half-life: 3–5 hours Cramps (33%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Muscle spasm [5] LENVATINIB
interactions with: abatacept, anakinra, Myalgia/Myopathy (18%) [3]
canakinumab, certolizumab, denosumab, Pain in extremities (12%) Trade name: Lenvima (Eisai)
dexamethasone, digoxin, erythropoietin Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Indications: Differentiated thyroid cancer, renal
stimulating agents, estrogen containing therapies, Abdominal pain (8–12%) cell cancer (in combination with everolimus)
leflunomide, natalizumab, pimecrolimus, Constipation (24%) [10] Class: Tyrosine kinase inhibitor
rilonacept, sipuleucel-T, tacrolimus, trastuzumab, Diarrhea (49%) [18] Half-life: 28 hours
vaccines Gastrointestinal disorder [4] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Pregnancy category: X Hepatotoxicity [3] interactions with: none known
Important contra-indications noted in the Loose stools (6%) Pregnancy category: N/A (Can cause fetal
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Nausea (24%) [9] harm)
pediatric patients Vomiting (10%) [5] Important contra-indications noted in the
Warning: FETAL RISK, HEMATOLOGIC prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Respiratory pediatric patients
TOXICITY, and DEEP VEIN THOMBOSIS AND Acute respiratory distress syndrome [2]
PULMONARY EMBOLISM Alveolar hemorrhage (pulmonary) [2]
Bronchitis (11%) Skin
Skin Cough (20%) [6] Exanthems (21%)
Cellulitis (5%) Dyspnea (7–17%) [4] Hand–foot syndrome (32%) [3]
DRESS syndrome [3] Nasopharyngitis (23%) Hyperkeratosis (7%)
Ecchymoses (5–8%) Pharyngitis (16%) Peripheral edema (21%) [3]
Edema (10%) Pneumonia (12%) [10] Rash (21%)
Erythema (5%) Pneumonitis [7] Toxicity [3]
Exanthems [3] Pulmonary toxicity [3] Hair
Folliculitis [2] Rhinitis (7%) Alopecia (12%)
Graft-versus-host reaction [2] Sinusitis (8%) Mucosal
Hyperhidrosis (7%) [2] Upper respiratory tract infection (15%) [3]
Aphthous stomatitis (41%)
Malignancies (secondary) [6] Endocrine/Metabolic Epistaxis (nosebleed) (12%)
Peripheral edema (26%) [5] ALT increased (8%) [3] Gingivitis (10%)
Pigmentation [2] Appetite decreased (7%) Glossitis (41%)
Pruritus (42%) [3] Hyperglycemia [2] Glossodynia (25%)
Rash (36%) [18] Hypocalcemia (9%) Mucosal inflammation (41%)
Stevens-Johnson syndrome [6] Hypokalemia (11%) [4] Oral ulceration (41%)
Sweet’s syndrome [3] Hypomagnesemia (6%) Oropharyngeal pain (25%)
Toxicity [6] Hyponatremia [2] Parotitis (10%)
Tumor lysis syndrome [3] Hypophosphatemia [3] Stomatitis (41%) [3]
Tumors [5] Hypothyroidism (7%) Xerostomia (17%)
Xerosis (14%) [2] Weight loss (20%) Cardiovascular
Mucosal Hypertension (73%) [22]
Epistaxis (nosebleed) (15%)
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual LEUCOVORIN
Hypotension (9%) Vesiculation (5%)

QT prolongation (9%) LESINURAD Hair
Central Nervous System Trade names: Duzallo (AstraZeneca), Zurampic Alopecia (<5%) [4]
Anorexia [3] (AstraZeneca) Mucosal
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (18%) Indications: Gout-associated hyperuricemia (in Stomatitis [3]
Headache (38%) [4] combination with a xanthine oxidase inhibitor)
Insomnia (12%) Cardiovascular
Class: URAT1 inhibitor Cardiac failure [2]
Vertigo (dizziness) (15%) Half-life: 5 hours Hypertension [5]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Clinically important, potentially hazardous Myocardial toxicity [2]
Arthralgia (62%) interactions with: amiodarone, carbamazepine,
Asthenia (fatigue) (67%) [11] CYP2C9 inducers or inhibitors, CYP3A Central Nervous System
Back pain (62%) substrates, fluconazole, rifampin, valproic acid Anorexia [3]
Bone or joint pain (62%) Pregnancy category: N/A (No available data) Depression [3]
Myalgia/Myopathy (62%) Important contra-indications noted in the Fever [3]
Pain in extremities (62%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Headache [4]
pediatric patients Insomnia [2]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Mood changes [2]
Abdominal pain (31%) [2] Note: Contra-indicated in patients with severe
renal impairment (including end stage renal Vertigo (dizziness) [2]
Diarrhea (67%) [12] disease, kidney transplant recipients or patients Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Dyspepsia (13%) on dialysis), tumor lysis syndrome or Lesch-Nylan Arthralgia [11]
Nausea (47%) [7] syndrome. Duzallo is lesinurad and allopurinol Asthenia (fatigue) [12]
Vomiting (36%) [5] (see separate entry). Back pain [4]
Warning: RISK OF ACUTE RENAL FAILURE, Bone or joint pain [4]
Respiratory MORE COMMON WHEN USED WITHOUT A Myalgia/Myopathy [7]
Cough (24%) XANTHINE OXIDASE INHIBITOR Osteoporosis [7]
Dysphonia (31%) [2]
Nasopharyngitis [2] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Cardiovascular Constipation [3]
Endocrine/Metabolic Cardiotoxicity (<2%) Diarrhea [9]
ALP increased (>5%) Nausea [10]
ALT increased (4%) [2] Central Nervous System
Headache (5%) [2] Vomiting [5]
Appetite decreased (54%) [7]
AST increased (5%) [2] Vertigo (dizziness) [2] Respiratory
Creatine phosphokinase increased (3%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal Cough [2]
Dehydration (9%) Back pain [2] Dyspnea [3]
Hyperbilirubinemia (>5%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Endocrine/Metabolic
Hypercalcemia (>5%) Diarrhea [2] ALT increased [2]
Hypercholesterolemia (>5%) Gastroesophageal reflux (3%) AST increased [3]
Hyperkalemia (>5%) Hypercholesterolemia [3]
Hypoalbuminemia (>5%) Respiratory Hyperglycemia [4]
Hypocalcemia (9%) Influenza (5%)
Nasopharyngitis [2] Genitourinary
Hypoglycemia (>5%) Vaginal dryness [4]
Hypokalemia (6%) Endocrine/Metabolic
Hypomagnesemia (>5%) Serum creatinine increased (4–8%) [3] Hematologic
Hypothyroidism [2] Anemia [4]
Renal Febrile neutropenia [2]
Weight loss (51%) [5] Nephrolithiasis (<3%) Leukopenia [5]
Genitourinary Renal failure (<4%) Neutropenia [8]
Hematuria [2] Thrombocytopenia [2]
Urinary tract infection (11%)
Other
Renal LETROZOLE Adverse effects [2]
Proteinuria (34%) [10] Infection [4]
Hematologic Trade name: Femara (Novartis)
Leukopenia [2] Indications: Breast cancer
Platelets decreased (2%) Class: Aromatase inhibitor
Thrombocytopenia [4] Half-life: ~2 days LEUCOVORIN
Other interactions with: none known Synonyms: citrovorum factor; folinic acid
Adverse effects [4] Pregnancy category: X Indications: Overdose of methotrexate, in
Death [2] Important contra-indications noted in the combination with fluorouracil in the palliative
Tooth disorder (10%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; treatment of patients with colorectal cancer
pediatric patients Class: Adjuvant
Skin interactions with: capecitabine, glucarpidase,
Exanthems (5%) trimethoprim
Hot flashes (6%) [9] Pregnancy category: C
Hyperhidrosis (<5%)
Leukocytoclastic vasculitis [2]
Pruritus (2%) Skin
Psoriasis (5%) Hand–foot syndrome [3]
Rash (<10%) [7] Rash [6]
LEUCOVORIN Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Toxicity [3] Vasculitis [2] Osteoporosis [2]

Hair Xerosis (<5%) Rhabdomyolysis [3]
Alopecia [2] Hair Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Mucosal Alopecia (<5%) Abdominal pain [2]
Mucositis [7] Cardiovascular Diarrhea [2]
Stomatitis [6] Thrombophlebitis (2%) Hepatotoxicity [3]
Nausea [4]
Cardiovascular Central Nervous System Vomiting [4]
Hypertension [7] Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (<5%)
Paresthesias (<5%) Respiratory
Central Nervous System Influenza [2]
Anorexia [7] Neuromuscular/Skeletal Nasopharyngitis [5]
Neurotoxicity [5] Myalgia/Myopathy [2]
Peripheral neuropathy [4] Endocrine/Metabolic
Endocrine/Metabolic Creatine phosphokinase increased [3]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Gynecomastia (7%) Libido decreased [2]
Asthenia (fatigue) [12] Mastodynia (7%) Weight gain [4]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Ocular Genitourinary
Abdominal pain [2] Diplopia [2] Sexual dysfunction [2]
Constipation [2] Local
Diarrhea [27] Renal
Injection-site granuloma [6] Nephrotoxicity [2]
Nausea [15] Injection-site inflammation (2%)
Vomiting [12] Injection-site pain [2] Hematologic
Respiratory Injection-site reactions (24%) Hemotoxicity [2]
Pneumonia [2] Pancytopenia [2]
Endocrine/Metabolic
ALP increased [2] LEVETIRACETAM Other
Adverse effects [9]
Renal Death [2]
Proteinuria [4] Trade names: Elepsia XR (Sun Pharma), Keppra
(UCB) Infection (13–26%) [7]
Hematologic Indications: Partial onset seizures
Anemia [10] Class: Anticonvulsant
Leukopenia [7]
Half-life: 7 hours LEVOCETIRIZINE
Neutropenia [31] interactions with: carbamazepine, Trade name: Xyzal (UCB Pharma)
Thrombocytopenia [6] eslicarbazepine Indications: Allergic rhinitis, chronic idiopathic
Other Pregnancy category: C urticaria
Adverse effects [2] Important contra-indications noted in the Class: Histamine H1 receptor antagonist
Death [3] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers Half-life: 6–10 hours
Infection [3] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Skin interactions with: none known
DRESS syndrome [7] Pregnancy category: B
LEUPROLIDE Erythema [2]
Trade names: Eligard (Sanofi-Aventis), Lupron Rash [5] mothers; pediatric patients
(TAP), Lupron Depot-Ped (AbbVie), Viadur Stevens-Johnson syndrome [4]
(Bayer) Toxic epidermal necrolysis [2] Skin
Indications: Prostate carcinoma, endometriosis Urticaria [2] Fixed eruption [3]
Class: Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) Central Nervous System Mucosal
agonist Aggression [8] Xerostomia (2–3%)
Half-life: 3–4 hours Agitation [5]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Central Nervous System
Anorexia [2] Headache [2]
interactions with: none known Behavioral disturbances [5]
Pregnancy category: X Sedation [2]
Compulsions [2] Somnolence (drowsiness) (5–6%)
Important contra-indications noted in the Depression [9]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers Encephalopathy [4] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Fever [2] Asthenia (fatigue) (<4%)
Skin Headache (25%) [12] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [3] Irritability [11] Hepatotoxicity [2]
Dermatitis (5%) Nervousness [2] Respiratory
Dermatitis herpetiformis [2] Neurotoxicity [3] Nasopharyngitis (4–6%)
Ecchymoses (<5%) Paresthesias (2%) Pharyngitis (<2%)
Edema (<10%) Psychosis [3]
Flushing (61%) [3] Seizures [4]
Granulomas [2] Sleep related disorder [2]
Hot flashes (12%) [6] Somnolence (drowsiness) [19]
Peripheral edema (4–12%) Suicidal ideation [4]
Pigmentation (<5%) Vertigo (dizziness) (9–18%) [22]
Pruritus (<5%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Rash (<10%) Asthenia (fatigue) (<22%) [20]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual LEVOFLOXACIN
Gait instability [4] Warning: SERIOUS ADVERSE REACTIONS

LEVODOPA Hallucinations [12] INCLUDING TENDINITIS, TENDON
Insomnia [6] RUPTURE, PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY,
Synonyms: L-dopa; carbidopa Narcolepsy [2] CENTRIAL NERVOUS SYSTEM EFFECTS and
Trade names: Duopa (Abbvie), Rytary (Impax), Neuroleptic malignant syndrome [7] EXACERBATION OF MYASTHENIA GRAVIS
Sinemet (Bristol-Myers Squibb), Stalevo (Orion) Neurotoxicity [3]
Indications: Parkinsonism Psychosis [6]
Class: Dopamine precursor Skin
Restless legs syndrome [5] Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [6]
Half-life: 1–3 hours Somnolence (drowsiness) [5]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Erythema [2]
Suicidal ideation [2] Erythema nodosum (<3%)
interactions with: ACE inhibitors, acebutolol, Tardive dyskinesia [2]
alfuzosin, alpha blockers, amisulpride, ampicillin, Exanthems [2]
Vertigo (dizziness) [5] Hypersensitivity [5]
angiotensin II receptor antagonists, anti-
hypertensives, antimuscarinics, antipsychotics, Neuromuscular/Skeletal Photosensitivity [3]
baclofen, benzodiazepines, beta blockers, Arthralgia [2] Phototoxicity [5]
bupropion, calcium channel blockers, captopril, Asthenia (fatigue) [2] Pruritus (2%) [3]
chloramphenicol, cholestyramine, cilazapril, Back pain [2] Purpura [3]
clobazam, clonidine, darifenacin, diazoxide, Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Radiation recall dermatitis [2]
diuretics, dopamine D2 receptor antagonists, Abdominal pain [2] Rash (2%) [2]
enalapril, erythromycin, fosinopril, hydralazine, Constipation [5] Stevens-Johnson syndrome [3]
irbesartan, iron salts, isoniazid, levomepromazine, Diarrhea [3] Toxic epidermal necrolysis [6]
linezolid, lisinopril, MAO inhibitors, memantine, Hepatotoxicity [2] Vasculitis [3]
methyldopa, metoclopramide, minoxidil, Nausea [11] Cardiovascular
moclobemide, moxonidine, nitrates, olanzapine, Vomiting [5] Myocardial infarction [2]
olmesartan, oral iron, oxybutynin, paliperidone, Endocrine/Metabolic Palpitation [2]
papaverine, pericyazine, phenelzine, phenytoin, Weight loss [3] QT prolongation [5]
probenecid, pyridoxine, quetiapine, quinapril, Torsades de pointes [6]
ramipril, rifampin, risperidone, sapropterin, Ocular
Hallucinations, visual [2] Central Nervous System
selegiline, sodium nitroprusside, sulpiride, Anorexia [2]
tetrabenazine, tiotropium, trandolapril, Ocular adverse effects [2]
Delirium [5]
tranylcypromine, tricyclic antidepressants, Other Depression [2]
trospium, volatile liquid general anesthetics, Adverse effects [4] Dysgeusia (taste perversion) [2]
ziprasidone, zuclopenthixol, zuclopenthixol Hiccups [2] Headache (6%) [6]
acetate, zuclopenthixol decanoate, zuclopenthixol Insomnia (4%) [3]
dihydrochloride Peripheral neuropathy [3]
LEVOFLOXACIN Psychosis [3]
Seizures [9]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Trade names: Iquix (Santen), Levaquin (Ortho- Vertigo (dizziness) [6]
pediatric patients McNeil), Quixin (Johnson & Johnson), Tavanic
Note: Levodopa is always used in conjuntion with Neuromuscular/Skeletal
(Sanofi-Aventis) Arthralgia [4]
carbidopa. Stalevo is levodopa, carbidopa and Indications: Various infections caused by
entacapone. Contra-indicated in patients with Myalgia/Myopathy [4]
susceptible organisms, inhalational anthrax (post Myasthenia gravis (exacerbation) [3]
narrow-angle glaucoma or those with a history of exposure)
melanoma. Rhabdomyolysis [4]
Class: Antibiotic, fluoroquinolone Tendinitis [2]
Half-life: 6–8 hours Tendinopathy/Tendon rupture [35]
Chromhidrosis (<10%) interactions with: alfuzosin, aminophylline, Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Edema [2] amiodarone, antacids, antidiabetics, arsenic, Abdominal pain [3]
Exanthems [2] artemether/lumefantrine, BCG vaccine, Constipation (3%)
Lupus erythematosus [2] chloroquine, ciprofloxacin, corticosteroids, Diarrhea (5%) [4]
Melanoma [28] cyclosporine, didanosine, dronedarone, Hepatotoxicity [4]
Rash [3] gadobutrol, insulin, lanthanum, mycophenolate, Nausea (7%) [6]
nilotinib, NSAIDs, oral iron, oral typhoid vaccine, Vomiting [3]
Hair
Hair pigmentation [2] phenindione, pimozide, probenecid, QT Endocrine/Metabolic
prolonging agents, quinine, strontium ranelate, ALT increased [3]
Nails sucralfate, sulfonylureas, tetrabenazine, AST increased [3]
Nail growth [2] thioridazine, vitamin K antagonists, warfarin, zinc, Hypoglycemia [3]
Mucosal ziprasidone, zolmitriptan Genitourinary
Xerostomia (<10%) [2] Pregnancy category: C Vaginitis (2%)
Cardiovascular Important contra-indications noted in the
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Renal
Hypotension [2] Nephrotoxicity [5]
Orthostatic hypotension [4] mothers
Note: Fluoroquinolones are associated with an Hematologic
Central Nervous System increased risk of tendinitis and tendon rupture in Thrombocytopenia [5]
Agitation [2] all ages. This risk is further increased in older
Anosmia [2] Other
patients usually over 60 years of age, in patients
Anxiety [2] Adverse effects [14]
taking corticosteroid drugs, and in patients with
Confusion [3] Death [5]
kidney, heart or lung transplants.
Delusions [2] Side effects [2]
Fluoroquinolones may exacerbate muscle
Depression [3] weakness in persons with myasthenia gravis.
Dyskinesia [47]
LEVOMILNACIPRAN See all our books at www.crcpress.com

LEVOMILNACIPRAN Adverse effects [2] Restless legs syndrome [2]
Bruxism (<2%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Trade name: Fetzima (Forest)
Indications: Major depressive disorder Bone loss [2]
Class: Antidepressant, Serotonin-norepinephrine Fractures [2]
reuptake inhibitor LEVONORGESTREL Endocrine/Metabolic
Half-life: 12 hours Thyrotoxicosis [3]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Trade names: Kyleena (Bayer), Mirena (Bayer),
Plan B (Duramed) Other
interactions with: ketoconazole, MAO Adverse effects [2]
inhibitors, NSAIDs Indications: Intrauterine contraception,
treatment of heavy menstrual bleeding, Side effects [2]
Important contra-indications noted in the emergency contraception
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Class: Hormone, Progestogen
pediatric patients Half-life: 17 hours LICORICE
Warning: SUICIDAL THOUGHTS AND Clinically important, potentially hazardous
BEHAVIORS interactions with: barbiturates, bosentan, Family: Fabaceae; Leguminosae
carbamazepine, CYP3A4 inducers and inhibitors, Scientific names: Glycyrrhiza glabra, Glycyrrhiza
efavirenz, felbamate, griseofulvin, nevirapine, uralensis
Skin oxcarbazepine, phenytoin, rifabutin, rifampin, St Indications: Upper respiratory tract infection,
Hyperhidrosis (9%) [9] John’s wort, topiramate, ulipristal gastric and duodenal ulcers, bronchitis, colic, dry
Pruritus (<2%) Pregnancy category: X cough, arthritis, lupus, sore throat, malaria, sores,
Rash (2%) Important contra-indications noted in the abscesses, contact dermatitis. Flavoring in foods,
Urticaria (<2%) prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing beverages and tobacco
Xerosis (<2%) mothers; pediatric patients Class: Anti-inflammatory
Mucosal Half-life: N/A
Xerostomia [4] Central Nervous System Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Cardiovascular Headache (17%) [7] interactions with: alclometasone, cascara,
Angina (<2%) Vertigo (dizziness) (11%) clevidipine, squill
Extrasystoles (<2%) Pregnancy category: N/A
Hypertension (3%) [2] Asthenia (fatigue) (17%)
Hypotension (3%) Skin
Palpitation (5%) [5] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Edema [2]
Tachycardia (6%) [9] Abdominal pain (18%)
Diarrhea (5%) Cardiovascular
Central Nervous System Nausea (23%) [7] Hypertension [10]
Aggression (<2%) Vomiting (6%) [3] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Agitation (<2%) Rhabdomyolysis [22]
Extrapyramidal symptoms (<2%) Endocrine/Metabolic
Headache [5] Amenorrhea [3] Endocrine/Metabolic
Insomnia [3] Mastodynia (11%) [2] Hypokalemia [5]
Migraine (<2%) Menstrual irregularities (26%) [7] Ocular
Panic attack (<2%) Genitourinary Ocular adverse effects [2]
Paresthesias (<2%) Metrorrhagia [2] Other
Syncope (<2%) Vaginal bleeding [4] Adverse effects [2]
Vertigo (dizziness) [4] Other
Yawning (<2%) Adverse effects [3]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic LIDOCAINE
Abdominal pain (<2%)
Constipation (9%) [9] LEVOTHYROXINE Synonyms: lignocaine; xylocaine
Flatulence (<2%) Trade names: Anamantle HC (Doak), ELA-Max
Nausea (17%) [10] Synonyms: L-thyroxine sodium; T4 (Ferndale), EMLA (AstraZeneca), Lidoderm
Vomiting (5%) [5] Trade names: Levothyroid (Forest), Levoxyl (Endo), Xylocaine (AstraZeneca)
Respiratory (Monarch), Synthroid (AbbVie), Unithroid Indications: Ventricular arrhythmias, topical
Upper respiratory tract infection [2] (Watson) anesthesia
Endocrine/Metabolic Indications: Hypothyroidism Class: Anesthetic, local, Antiarrhythmic,
Appetite decreased (3%) Class: Thyroid hormone, synthetic Antiarrhythmic class Ib
Half-life: 6–7 days Half-life: terminal: 1.5–2 hours
Genitourinary Clinically important, potentially hazardous Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Ejaculatory dysfunction (5%) [4] interactions with: colesevelam, dicumarol, interactions with: amiodarone, amprenavir,
Erectile dysfunction (6%) [7] lanthanum, oral anticoagulants, orlistat, antiarrhythmics, atazanavir, cimetidine, cobicistat/
Hematuria (<2%) propranolol, raloxifene, red rice yeast, ritonavir, elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide,
Pollakiuria (<2%) warfarin cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir
Testicular pain (4%) Pregnancy category: A disoproxil, darunavir, delavirdine, fosamprenavir,
Urinary hesitancy (4%) [3] indinavir, lopinavir, mivacurium, nevirapine,
Renal Skin nilutamide, oxprenolol, propranolol, telaprevir
Proteinuria (<2%) Angioedema [2] Pregnancy category: B
Ocular Urticaria [3] Important contra-indications noted in the
Conjunctival hemorrhage (<2%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Cardiovascular pediatric patients
Vision blurred (<2%) Circulatory collapse [2]
Xerophthalmia (<2%)
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual LINDANE
Skin Application-site pain [2] Pain in extremities [2]

Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [7] Application-site reactions [7] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Angioedema [3] Diarrhea [2]
Dermatitis [27] Nausea [3]
Eczema [3]
Edema [2]
LINACLOTIDE Respiratory
Erythema [3] Cough [4]
Trade name: Linzess (Forest) Nasopharyngitis [8]
Erythema multiforme [2] Indications: Irritable bowel syndrome with
Exanthems [2] Upper respiratory tract infection [5]
constipation and chronic idiopathic constipation
Exfoliative dermatitis [2] Class: Amino acid, Guanylate cyclase-C agonist Endocrine/Metabolic
Fixed eruption [2] Half-life: N/A Hyperglycemia [2]
Hypersensitivity [9] Clinically important, potentially hazardous Hyperlipidemia [2]
Pruritus [3] interactions with: none known Hypertriglyceridemia [2]
Toxicity [3] Pregnancy category: C Hypoglycemia [16]
Urticaria [5] Important contra-indications noted in the Genitourinary
Cardiovascular prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Urinary tract infection [4]
Bradycardia [2] pediatric patients Other
Central Nervous System Note: Contra-indicated in patients with known
or suspected mechanical gastrointestinal
Hoigne’s syndrome [2] Infection [3]
obstruction.
Seizures [14]
Warning: PEDIATRIC RISK
Shivering (<10%)
Hematologic
LINCOMYCIN
Methemoglobinemia [4]
Headache (4%) Trade name: Lincocin (Pfizer)
Otic
Tinnitus [3]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Indications: Various infections caused by
Asthenia (fatigue) (<2%) susceptible organisms
Local Class: Antibiotic, lincosamide
Application-site erythema [2] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Abdominal distension (2–3%) Half-life: 2–11.5 hours
Application-site reactions [3] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Injection-site pain [2] Abdominal pain (7%) [4]
Diarrhea (16–20%) [21] interactions with: mivacurium
Other Dyspepsia (<2%) Pregnancy category: C
Adverse effects [3] Flatulence (4–6%) [4] Important contra-indications noted in the
Death [3] Gastroenteritis (3%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Gastroesophageal reflux (<2%) pediatric patients
Vomiting (<2%)
LIFITEGRAST Respiratory Skin
Sinusitis (3%) AGEP [3]
Trade name: Xiidra (Shire) Upper respiratory tract infection (5%) Dermatitis [2]
Indications: Ophthalmic solution for dry eye Other
disease Allergic reactions (<5%)
Class: Lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1
(LFA-1) antagonist LINAGLIPTIN
Half-life: N/A
Trade names: Glyxambi (Boehringer Ingelheim), LINDANE
Tradjenta (Boehringer Ingelheim)
Indications: Type II diabetes mellitus Synonyms: hexachlorocyclohexane; gamma
Pregnancy category: N/A (No data available)
Class: Antidiabetic, Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP- benzene hexachloride
4) inhibitor Indications: Scabies, pediculosis capitis,
Half-life: 12 hours pediculosis pubis
pediatric patients
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Class: Chemical, Scabicide
interactions with: efavirenz, rifampin Half-life: 17–22 hours
Central Nervous System Pregnancy category: B Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (5–25%) [6] Important contra-indications noted in the interactions with: oil-based hair dressings
Headache (<5%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Pregnancy category: C
Respiratory pediatric patients Important contra-indications noted in the
Sinusitis (<5%) Note: Linagliptin should not be used in patients prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
with Type I diabetes or for the treatment of pediatric patients
Ocular
diabetic ketoacidosis, and has not been studied in
Conjunctival hyperemia (<5%)
combination with insulin. Glyxambi is linagliptin Skin
Lacrimation (<5%)
and empagliflozin. Dermatitis [5]
Ocular burning [2] Erythema (2%) [2]
Ocular discharge (<5%) Cardiovascular Pruritus (2%) [5]
Ocular pruritus (5–25%) [2] Cardiotoxicity [3] Toxicity [2]
Reduced visual acuity (5–25%) [2] Hypertension [2] Urticaria [2]
Vision blurred (<5%) Central Nervous System Central Nervous System
Xerophthalmia [2] Headache [5] Neurotoxicity [3]
Local Neuromuscular/Skeletal Pseudotumor cerebri [2]
Application-site irritation [4] Arthralgia [2] Seizures [11]
Back pain [3]
LINDANE Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Rhabdomyolysis [3] Apnea (2%) LIOTHYRONINE
Other Cough (<2%)
Dyspnea (3%) Synonym: T3 sodium
Adverse effects [4] Trade names: Cytomel (Pfizer), Triostat (Par)
Death [18] Pneumonia (3%)
Upper respiratory tract infection (4%) Indications: Hypothyroidism
Class: Thyroid hormone, synthetic
Endocrine/Metabolic Half-life: 16–49 hours
LINEZOLID Acidosis [7]
ALP increased (<4%)
interactions with: anticoagulants, dicumarol,
Trade name: Zyvox (Pfizer) ALT increased (2–10%) warfarin
Indications: Various infections caused by AST increased (2–5%) Pregnancy category: A
susceptible organisms Hypoglycemia [3]
Class: Antibiotic, oxazolidinone Hypokalemia (3%)
Hyponatremia [2] Skin
Half-life: 4–5 hours Urticaria [3]
interactions with: alcohol, alpha blockers, Candidal vaginitis (<2%)
altretamine, amitriptyline, amoxapine, Renal
amphetamines, anilidopiperidine opioids, Nephrotoxicity [2]
LIRAGLUTIDE
antihypertensives, atomoxetine, beta blockers,
buprenorphine, bupropion, buspirone, caffeine, Hematologic Trade names: Saxenda (Novo Nordisk), Victoza
carbamazepine, clomipramine, cyclobenzaprine, Anemia (<6%) [6] (Novo Nordisk), Xultophy (Novo Nordisk)
desipramine, desvenlafaxine, Leukopenia [2] Indications: To improve glycemic control in
dexmethylphenidate, dextromethorphan, Myelosuppression [8] adults with Type II diabetes mellitus (Victoza),
diethylpropion, doxapram, doxepin, fluoxetine, Pancytopenia [5] adjunct to diet and exercise for chronic weight
fluvoxamine, hydromorphone, imipramine, Sepsis (8%) management (Saxenda)
levodopa, lithium, MAO inhibitors, maprotiline, Thrombocytopenia (<5%) [20] Class: Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor
meperidine, methadone, methyldopa, Ocular agonist
methylphenidate, mirtazapine, nortriptyline, oral Optic neuropathy [15] Half-life: 13 hours
typhoid vaccine, paroxetine hydrochloride, Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Local interactions with: acetaminophen, atorvastatin,
propoxyphene, protriptyline, reserpine, rifampin,
Injection-site reactions (3%) digoxin, griseofulvin, lisinopril, warfarin
safinamide, serotonin 5-HT1D receptor agonists,
serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, Other Pregnancy category: C
sertraline, sibutramine, SSRIs, tapentadol, Adverse effects (4%) [16] Important contra-indications noted in the
tetrabenazine, tetrahydrozoline, tramadol, Allergic reactions (4%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
trazodone, tricyclic antidepressants, Death [2] pediatric patients
trimipramine, tryptophan, venlafaxine Note: Contra-indicated in patients with a
Pregnancy category: C personal or family history of medullary thyroid
carcinoma or in patients with multiple endocrine
Important contra-indications noted in the LINSEED neoplasia syndrome Type 2. Xultophy is liraglutide
and insulin degludec.
Family: Linaceae
Warning: RISK OF THYROID C-CELL TUMORS
Skin Scientific name: Linum usitatissimum
Cellulitis [2] Indications: Dry mouth, menopause,
Edema (2%) osteoporosis, heart disease, catarrh, bronchitis, Cardiovascular
Fungal dermatitis (2%) furunculosis, pleuritic pains, constipation, high Cardiotoxicity [2]
Pruritus [2] cholesterol, benign prostatic hyperplasia, bladder Hypertension (3%)
Rash (<7%) [3] inflammation, gastritis, enteritis, irritable bowel Central Nervous System
syndrome. Topical: poultice for skin Headache (~5%) [7]
Mucosal inflammation. Ophthalmologic: oil used for
Black tongue [2] Vertigo (dizziness) (6%) [2]
removal of foreign bodies from the eye
Central Nervous System Class: Anti-inflammatory Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (<2%) Half-life: N/A Asthenia (fatigue) [3]
Fever (2–14%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous Back pain (5%) [3]
Headache (<11%) [6] interactions with: none known Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Insomnia (3%) Pregnancy category: N/A Abdominal pain [3]
Neurotoxicity [5] Note: Linum is cultivated for both its stem fibers Cholelithiasis (gallstones) [3]
Peripheral neuropathy [12] (the source of linen and some paper) and its seeds Constipation (10%) [12]
Seizures (3%) (oil used in cooking and in margarine). The oil is Diarrhea (17%) [32]
Serotonin syndrome [27] used in paints and varnishes and the seed residues Dyspepsia [3]
Vertigo (dizziness) (2%) are used in cattle cake. Gastrointestinal disorder [4]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Nausea (28%) [63]
Abdominal pain (<2%) Skin Pancreatitis [11]
Constipation (2%) [2] Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [3] Vomiting (11%) [31]
Diarrhea (3–11%) [11] Respiratory
Gastrointestinal bleeding (2%) Influenza (7%)
Gastrointestinal disorder [2] Nasopharyngitis (5%) [6]
Loose stools (<2%) Sinusitis (6%)
Nausea (3–10%) [11] Upper respiratory tract infection (10%) [3]
Pancreatitis [2] Endocrine/Metabolic
Vomiting (<10%) [4] Appetite decreased [6]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual LITHIUM
Hypoglycemia [11] Nausea (6–7%) [10] Skin

Weight loss [6] Vomiting (9%) [3] Angioedema [43]
Genitourinary Respiratory Edema of lip [2]
Urinary tract infection (6%) Dyspnea (2%) Exanthems (3%) [4]
Influenza [2] Exfoliative dermatitis [2]
Renal Flushing [2]
Nephrotoxicity [2] Nasopharyngitis [6]
Sinusitis [2] Kaposi’s sarcoma [2]
Local Upper respiratory tract infection [12] Lichenoid eruption [2]
Injection-site reactions (2%) [3] Pemphigus foliaceus [2]
Endocrine/Metabolic Pityriasis rosea [2]
Other Appetite decreased (27–39%) [30]
Adverse effects [13] Purpura [2]
Libido decreased (<2%) Rash (2%) [5]
Malignant neoplasms (11%) Weight loss (9%) [9] Urticaria [2]
Genitourinary Mucosal
Erectile dysfunction (<2%)
LISDEXAMFETAMINE Other
Tongue edema [2]
Cardiovascular
Trade name: Vyvanse (Shire) Adverse effects [6] Hypotension (<4%) [3]
Indications: Attention-deficit hyperactivity Central Nervous System
disorder (ADHD) Headache (4–6%)
Class: CNS stimulant, Dextroamphetamine LISINOPRIL Vertigo (dizziness) (5–12%)
prodrug
Half-life: 1 hour Trade names: Prinivil (Merck), Prinzide (Merck), Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Zestoretic (AstraZeneca), Zestril (AstraZeneca) Asthenia (fatigue) (3%)
interactions with: acetazolamide, ammonium Indications: Hypertension, as adjunctive therapy Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
chloride, analgesics, antacids, antihistamines, in the management of heart failure, short-term Hepatotoxicity [2]
antihypertensives, antipsychotics, atomoxetine, treatment following myocardial infarction in Intestinal angioedema [3]
cannabinoids, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, hemodynamically stable patients Pancreatitis [10]
chlorpromazine, epinephrine, ethosuximide, Class: Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) Respiratory
haloperidol, iobenguane, lithium, MAO inhibitors, inhibitor
Cough (4–9%) [15]
meperidine, methenamine, phenobarbital, Half-life: 12 hours
Upper respiratory tract infection (<2%)
phenytoin, propoxyphene, sympathomimetics, Clinically important, potentially hazardous
tricyclic antidepressants, urinary alkalinizing interactions with: alcohol, aldesleukin, Endocrine/Metabolic
agents allopurinol, alpha blockers, alprostadil, amifostine, Hyperkalemia [3]
Pregnancy category: C amiloride, angiotensin II receptor antagonists, Other
Important contra-indications noted in the antacids, antidiabetics, antihypertensives, Death [3]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; antipsychotics, anxiolytics and hypnotics,
pediatric patients aprotinin, azathioprine, baclofen, beta blockers,
Warning: ABUSE AND DEPENDENCE calcium channel blockers, clonidine,
corticosteroids, cyclosporine, diazoxide,
LITHIUM
Skin diuretics, eplerenone, estrogens, everolimus,
Trade names: Eskalith (GSK), Lithobid (Solvay)
Hyperhidrosis (3%) general anesthetics, gold & gold compounds,
Indications: Manic-depressive states
Rash (3%) heparins, hydralazine, hypotensives, insulin,
Class: Antipsychotic, Mood stabilizer
levodopa, liraglutide, lithium, MAO inhibitors,
Mucosal Half-life: 18–24 hours
metformin, methyldopa, methylphenidate,
Xerostomia (4–26%) [23] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
minoxidil, moxisylyte, moxonidine, nitrates,
interactions with: aceclofenac, acemetacin,
Cardiovascular nitroprusside, NSAIDs, pentoxifylline,
acetazolamide, acitretin, amitriptyline, arsenic,
Hypertension (3%) [2] phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors, potassium salts,
benazepril, bendroflumethiazide, benzthiazide,
Tachycardia [3] prostacyclin analogues, rituximab, salicylates,
captopril, celecoxib, chlorothiazide,
Central Nervous System sirolimus, spironolactone, sulfonylureas,
chlorthalidone, cilazapril, citalopram, clozapine,
Agitation (3%) temsirolimus, tizanidine, tolvaptan, triamterene,
cyclopenthiazide, desvenlafaxine,
Anorexia (5%) [3] trimethoprim, yohimbine
dichlorphenamide, diclofenac, enalapril,
Anxiety [9] Pregnancy category: D (category C in first
ethoxzolamide, etoricoxib, fluoxetine,
Fever (2%) trimester; category D in second and third
flurbiprofen, fosinopril, haloperidol,
Headache [32] trimesters)
hydrochlorothiazide, hydroflumethiazide,
Insomnia (13–23%) [31] Important contra-indications noted in the
indapamide, insulin degludec, insulin detemir,
Irritability (10%) [21] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
insulin glargine, insulin glulisine, irbesartan,
Restlessness (3%) pediatric patients
levomepromazine, linezolid, lisdexamfetamine,
Sleep related disorder [2] Note: Prinzide and Zestoretic are lisinopril and
lisinopril, lorcaserin, lurasidone, meloxicam,
Somnolence (drowsiness) (2%) [2] hydrochlorothiazide. Hydrochlorothiazide is a
meperidine, mesoridazine, methyclothiazide,
Tic disorder (2%) [2] sulfonamide and can be absorbed systemically.
metolazone, metronidazole, milnacipran,
Vertigo (dizziness) (5%) [6] Sulfonamides can produce severe, possibly fatal,
neostigmine, olanzapine, olmesartan,
reactions such as toxic epidermal necrolysis and
Neuromuscular/Skeletal paliperidone, paroxetine hydrochloride,
Stevens-Johnson syndrome.
Asthenia (fatigue) [3] pericyazine, phenylbutazone, piroxicam,
Contra-indicated in patients with a history of
Back pain [2] polythiazide, quinapril, quinethazone, ramipril,
angioedema related to previous treatment with
Muscle spasm [2] rocuronium, rofecoxib, sibutramine, sulpiride,
an ACE inhibitor and in patients with hereditary
tenoxicam, tetrabenazine, thalidomide, thiazides,
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic or idiopathic angioedema.
tinidazole, tolmetin, trandolapril,
Abdominal pain (12%) [12] Warning: FETAL TOXICITY
trichlormethiazide, trifluoperazine, valdecoxib,
Constipation [2] venlafaxine, xipamide, ziprasidone, zofenopril,
Diarrhea (7%) zuclopenthixol
LITHIUM See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Pregnancy category: D Hypothyroidism [4] Pregnancy category: N/A (The safety of

Thyroid dysfunction [2] lofexidine in pregnant women has not been
Skin Thyrotoxicosis [2] established.)
Acneform eruption [21] Weight gain [4]
Angioedema [2] Genitourinary Mucosal
Atopic dermatitis (3%) Polyuria [3] Xerostomia (10–11%) [3]
Darier’s disease [3] Priapism [5] Cardiovascular
Dermatitis [4] Renal Bradycardia (24–32%) [2]
Dermatitis herpetiformis [3] Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus [2] Hypotension (30%) [7]
Edema [3] Nephrotoxicity [15] Orthostatic hypotension (29–42%)
Erythema [2]
Exanthems [11] Other Central Nervous System
Exfoliative dermatitis [3] Adverse effects [5] Insomnia (51–55%) [2]
Follicular keratosis [3] Dipsia (thirst) [2] Sedation (12–13%) [4]
Folliculitis [5] Side effects (23–33%) [4] Somnolence (drowsiness) (11–13%) [3]
Hidradenitis [3] Teratogenicity [3] Syncope (<5%)
Ichthyosis [2] Vertigo (dizziness) (19–23%) [3]
Keratosis pilaris [2] Otic
Linear IgA bullous dermatosis [4] LIXISENATIDE Tinnitus (<5%)
Lupus erythematosus [5] Other
Myxedema [10] Trade names: Adlyxin (Sanofi-Aventis), Lyxumia Adverse effects [2]
Papulo-nodular lesions (elbows) [2] (Sanofi-Aventis), Soliqua (Sanofi-Aventis)
Pruritus [9] Indications: To improve glycemic control in
Psoriasis (2%) [59] adults with Type II diabetes mellitus
Purpura [2] Class: Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor LOMITAPIDE
Pustules [2] agonist
Rash (<10%) Half-life: 3 hours Trade name: Juxtapid (Aegerion)
Seborrheic dermatitis [3] Clinically important, potentially hazardous Indications: Homozygous familial
Toxicity [2] interactions with: none known hypercholesterolemia
Ulcerations (lower extremities) [5] Pregnancy category: N/A (Use during Class: Lipid regulator
Urticaria [3] pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the Half-life: 39.7 hours
Vasculitis [4] potential risk to the fetus) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Important contra-indications noted in the interactions with: bile acid sequestrants,
Hair boceprevir, clarithromycin, conivaptan, grapefruit
Alopecia (10–19%) [18] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
pediatric patients juice, indinavir, itraconazole, ketoconazole,
Alopecia areata (2%) [3] lopinavir, lovastatin, mibefradil, nefazodone,
Note: Soliqua is lixisenatide and insulin glargine.
Nails nelfinavir, oral contraceptives, P-glycoprotein
Nail dystrophy [2] substrates, posaconazole, ritonavir, saquinavir,
Central Nervous System simvastatin, strong or moderate CYP3A4
Mucosal Headache (9%) [3]
Lichenoid stomatitis [3] inhibitors, telaprevir, telithromycin, voriconazole,
Vertigo (dizziness) (7%) [2] warfarin
Oral ulceration [4]
Sialorrhea [4] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Pregnancy category: X
Stomatitis [2] Abdominal distension (2%) Important contra-indications noted in the
Xerostomia [5] Abdominal pain (2%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Constipation (3%) pediatric patients
Cardiovascular Diarrhea (8%) [10] Warning: RISK OF HEPATOTOXICITY
Brugada syndrome [5] Dyspepsia (3%)
QT prolongation [4] Nausea (25%) [24] Mucosal
Central Nervous System Vomiting (10%) [23] Nasal congestion (10%)
Amnesia [2] Endocrine/Metabolic
Coma [2] Cardiovascular
Hypoglycemia (3%) [8] Angina (10%)
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (>10%)
Hallucinations [2] Local Chest pain (24%)
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome [7] Injection-site reactions (4%) [2] Palpitation (10%)
Neurotoxicity [3] Other Central Nervous System
Parkinsonism [8] Adverse effects [3] Fever (10%)
Pseudohallucinations [2] Allergic reactions [2] Headache (10%)
Restless legs syndrome [4] Vertigo (dizziness) (10%)
Serotonin syndrome [5] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Somnambulism [3] LOFEXIDINE * Asthenia (fatigue) (17%)
Tardive dyskinesia [2] Back pain (14%)
Tremor [5] Trade names: BritLofex (Britannia), Lucemyra Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Neuromuscular/Skeletal (US WorldMeds, LLC) Abdominal pain (21–34%)
Myasthenia gravis [2] Indications: mitigation of opioid withdrawal Constipation (21%)
Rhabdomyolysis [3] symptoms to facilitate abrupt opioid Defecation (urgency) (10%)
Endocrine/Metabolic discontinuation in adults Diarrhea (79%) [3]
Diabetes insipidus [5] Class: Adrenergic alpha2-receptor agonist Dyspepsia (38%) [3]
Hypercalcemia [4] Half-life: ~12 hours Flatulence (21%)
Hyperparathyroidism [6] Clinically important, potentially hazardous Gastroenteritis (14%)
Hyperthyroidism [2] interactions with: methadone, naltrexone Gastroesophageal reflux (10%)
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual LORAZEPAM
Hepatotoxicity [6] rilpivirine, rivaroxaban, rosuvastatin, ruxolitinib, Cardiovascular

Nausea (65%) [2] salmeterol, saquinavir, sildenafil, simeprevir, QT prolongation [2]
Tenesmus (10%) simvastatin, sirolimus, sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/ Torsades de pointes [4]
Vomiting (34%) [3] voxilaprevir, St John’s wort, tacrolimus, tadalafil, Central Nervous System
Respiratory telithromycin, tenofovir disoproxil, tipranavir, Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (>2%)
Influenza (21%) tolterodine, trazodone, triazolam, vardenafil, Headache (12%) [3]
Nasopharyngitis (17%) venetoclax, vinblastine, vincristine, voriconazole, Hyperesthesia (>2%)
Pharyngolaryngeal pain (14%) warfarin, zidovudine Paresthesias (>2%)
Pregnancy category: C Somnolence (drowsiness) [2]
Endocrine/Metabolic Important contra-indications noted in the
ALT increased (17%) [3] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Weight loss (24%) Note: Kaletra is lopinavir and ritonavir. Asthenia (fatigue) (4%) [2]
Other Myalgia/Myopathy (>2%)
Adverse effects [6] Skin Respiratory
Acneform eruption (<10%) Pharyngitis [2]
Lipodystrophy (<10%) Endocrine/Metabolic
LOPERAMIDE Rash (<10%) [5] Gynecomastia (>2%)
Hair Mastodynia (<10%)
Trade names: Imodium (McNeil), Maalox Alopecia [3] Genitourinary
(Novartis)
Central Nervous System Vaginitis (>2%)
Indications: Diarrhea
Class: Opiate agonist Vertigo (dizziness) [2]
Half-life: 9–14 hours Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Asthenia (fatigue) (<10%) [2] LORAZEPAM
interactions with: St John’s wort Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Pregnancy category: B Trade name: Ativan (Valeant)
Diarrhea (>10%) [5] Indications: Anxiety, depression
Important contra-indications noted in the Flatulence (<10%)
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Class: Benzodiazepine
Nausea (<10%) [4] Half-life: 10–20 hours
pediatric patients Pancreatitis [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Vomiting (<10%) [3] interactions with: alcohol, amprenavir,
Cardiovascular Renal barbiturates, chlorpheniramine, clarithromycin,
Torsades de pointes [2] Nephrolithiasis [2] clozapine, CNS depressants, cobicistat/
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Nephrotoxicity [2] elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide,
Abdominal pain [2] efavirenz, erythromycin, esomeprazole,
Constipation [3] eszopiclone, imatinib, MAO inhibitors, narcotics,
Nausea [2] LORATADINE nelfinavir, phenothiazines, valproate
Trade names: Alavert (Wyeth), Claritin
LOPINAVIR (Schering), Claritin-D (Schering) Skin
Indications: Allergic rhinitis, urticaria Dermatitis (<10%)
Trade name: Kaletra (AbbVie) Class: Histamine H1 receptor antagonist Diaphoresis (>10%)
Indications: HIV-1 infected children above the Half-life: 3–20 hours Pseudolymphoma [2]
age of 2 years and adults, in combination with Clinically important, potentially hazardous Rash (>10%)
other antiretroviral agents interactions with: amiodarone Mucosal
Class: Antiretroviral, HIV-1 protease inhibitor Pregnancy category: B Nasal congestion (<10%)
Sialopenia (>10%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Skin Xerostomia (>10%)
interactions with: abacavir, alfuzosin, Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis (>2%)
amiodarone, amprenavir, aripiprazole, Cardiovascular
Angioedema (>2%) Hypotension [2]
artemether/lumefantrine, atazanavir, atorvastatin, Dermatitis (>2%)
atovaquone, bepridil, bosentan, brigatinib, Diaphoresis (>2%) Central Nervous System
bupropion, cabozantinib, carbamazepine, Erythema multiforme (>2%) Agitation [2]
chlorpheniramine, cisapride, clarithromycin, Fixed eruption [3] Akathisia (<10%)
colchicine, copanlisib, cyclosporine, darifenacin, Flushing (>2%) Amnesia (<10%) [18]
darunavir, dasatinib, delavirdine, dexamethasone, Peripheral edema (>2%) Catatonia [2]
didanosine, digoxin, disulfiram, efavirenz, elbasvir Photosensitivity (>2%) Confusion (<10%)
& grazoprevir, eltrombopag, eluxadoline, Pruritus (>2%) Delirium [2]
ergotamine, estradiol, felodipine, fentanyl, Purpura (>2%) Depression (<10%)
flecainide, fluticasone propionate, fosamprenavir, Rash (>2%) Hallucinations [2]
glecaprevir & pibrentasvir, indinavir, itraconazole, Urticaria (>2%) [4] Headache (<10%)
ketoconazole, lidocaine, lidocaine, lomitapide, Xerosis (>2%) Somnolence (drowsiness) (<10%) [3]
lovastatin, maraviroc, methadone, Tremor (<10%)
methylergonovine, metronidazole, midazolam, Hair Vertigo (dizziness) (<10%) [2]
midostaurin, mifepristone, nelfinavir, neratinib, Alopecia (>2%)
Dry hair (>2%) Respiratory
nevirapine, nicardipine, nifedipine, nilotinib,
Apnea (<10%)
olaparib, ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir, Mucosal Hyperventilation (<10%)
palbociclib, phenobarbital, phenytoin, pimozide, Sialorrhea (>2%)
pitavastatin, ponatinib, primidone, quinidine, Stomatitis (>2%) Ocular
ranolazine, ribociclib, rifabutin, rifampin, Xerostomia (>10%) [9] Visual disturbances (<10%)
LORAZEPAM Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Local Pregnancy category: X

Injection-site pain (>10%) LOSARTAN Important contra-indications noted in the
Injection-site phlebitis (>10%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers
Trade names: Cozaar (Merck), Hyzaar (Merck)
Other Indications: Hypertension
Adverse effects [2] Class: Angiotensin II receptor antagonist Skin
(blocker), Antihypertensive Exanthems (<5%) [3]
Half-life: 2 hours Lupus erythematosus [4]
Pruritus (5%) [2]
LORCASERIN Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Rash (5%) [3]
interactions with: aliskiren, rifampin,
Trade name: Belviq (Arena) voriconazole Central Nervous System
Indications: Obesity in adults who have at least Pregnancy category: D (category C in first Parkinsonism [2]
one weight-related health condition, such as high trimester; category D in second and third Neuromuscular/Skeletal
blood pressure, Type II diabetes, or high trimesters) Asthenia (fatigue) [2]
cholesterol Important contra-indications noted in the Myalgia/Myopathy (<10%) [6]
Class: Serotonin receptor agonist prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers Rhabdomyolysis [41]
Half-life: ~11 hours Note: Hyzaar is losartan and
Clinically important, potentially hazardous hydrochlorothiazide. Hydrochlorothiazide is a Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
interactions with: antipsychotics, bupropion, sulfonamide and can be absorbed systemically. Hepatotoxicity [2]
dextromethorphan, lithium, MAO inhibitors, Sulfonamides can produce severe, possibly fatal, Pancreatitis [2]
SNRIs, SSRIs, St John’s wort, tramadol, tricyclic reactions such as toxic epidermal necrolysis and Endocrine/Metabolic
antidepressants, triptans Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Gynecomastia (<10%)
Pregnancy category: X Warning: USE IN PREGNANCY
pediatric patients
Skin LOXAPINE
Angioedema [11] Trade names: Adasuve (Teva), Loxitane
Skin Photosensitivity [2] (Watson)
Peripheral edema (5%) Purpura [2] Indications: Psychoses
Rash (2%) Mucosal Class: Antipsychotic
Mucosal Nasal congestion (2%) Half-life: 12–19 hours (terminal)
Nasal congestion (3%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Central Nervous System interactions with: none known
Oropharyngeal pain (4%) Ageusia (taste loss) [2]
Xerostomia (5%) [2] Pregnancy category: N/A (May cause fetal harm
Vertigo (dizziness) (3%) based on animal studies)
Cardiovascular Neuromuscular/Skeletal Important contra-indications noted in the
Hypertension (5%) Back pain (2%) prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Valvulopathy (2–3%) [5] mothers; pediatric patients
Respiratory
Central Nervous System Upper respiratory tract infection (8%) Warning: BRONCHOSPASM and INCREASED
Anxiety (4%) MORTALITY IN ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH
Cognitive impairment (2%) [2] Endocrine/Metabolic DEMENTIA-RELATED PSYCHOSIS
Depression (2%) [2] Hyperkalemia [7]
Euphoria [3] Other Skin
Headache (15–17%) [11] Adverse effects [7] Rash (<10%)
Insomnia (4%)
Vertigo (dizziness) (7–9%) [9] Mucosal
Xerostomia (>10%)
Neuromuscular/Skeletal LOVASTATIN Central Nervous System
Back pain (6–12%) [2] Trade names: Advicor (Kos), Altoprev Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (14%) [8]
Bone or joint pain (2%) (Shionogi), Mevacor (Merck) Neuroleptic malignant syndrome [3]
Muscle spasm (5%) Indications: Hypercholesterolemia Sedation (12%) [4]
Class: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, Statin Somnolence (drowsiness) [3]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Vertigo (dizziness) [2]
Constipation (6%) Half-life: 1–2 hours
Diarrhea (7%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Gastroenteritis (3%) interactions with: amprenavir, atazanavir, Rhabdomyolysis [3]
Nausea (8–9%) [9] azithromycin, boceprevir, bosentan, Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Vomiting (4%) cholestyramine, clarithromycin, cyclosporine, Dysphagia [2]
darunavir, dasabuvir/ombitasvir/paritaprevir/
Respiratory ritonavir, delavirdine, efavirenz, elbasvir & Respiratory
Cough (4%) grazoprevir, erythromycin, exenatide, fenofibrate, Bronchospasm [3]
Nasopharyngitis (11–13%) [2] fosamprenavir, gemfibrozil, glecaprevir & Pulmonary toxicity [3]
Upper respiratory tract infection (14%) pibrentasvir, grapefruit juice, imatinib, indinavir, Endocrine/Metabolic
Endocrine/Metabolic itraconazole, letermovir, lomitapide, lopinavir, Gynecomastia (<10%)
Appetite decreased (2%) mifepristone, nelfinavir, ombitasvir/paritaprevir/
Diabetes mellitus (exacerbation) (3%) ritonavir, paclitaxel, posaconazole, red rice yeast,
Hypoglycemia (29%) [4] tacrolimus, telaprevir, telithromycin, ticagrelor,
Genitourinary tipranavir, tolvaptan, verapamil
Urinary tract infection (7–9%)
Other
Toothache (3%)
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual LYCOPENE
Mucosal
LUBIPROSTONE LUMACAFTOR/ Sialorrhea (2%)
Trade name: Amitiza (Takeda) IVACAFTOR Central Nervous System
Indications: Constipation, irritable bowel Agitation (5%)
syndrome Trade name: Orkambi (Vertex) Akathisia (13%) [21]
Class: Chloride channel activator Indications: Cystic fibrosis in patients aged 12 Anxiety (5%)
Half-life: 0–1.4 hours years and older who are homozygous for the Extrapyramidal symptoms [2]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous F508del mutation in the CFTR gene Insomnia (10%) [2]
interactions with: none known Class: CFTR potentiator, CYP3A4 inducer Parkinsonism (10%) [5]
Pregnancy category: C Half-life: 26 hours Restlessness (2%) [2]
Important contra-indications noted in the Clinically important, potentially hazardous Sedation [10]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; interactions with: rifampin, St John’s wort Somnolence (drowsiness) (17%) [16]
pediatric patients Pregnancy category: B Vertigo (dizziness) (4%) [3]
Note: Contra-indicated in patients with known Important contra-indications noted in the Neuromuscular/Skeletal
or suspected mechanical gastrointestinal prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Dystonia (5%) [2]
obstruction. pediatric patients
Note: See also separate profile for ivacaftor. Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Dyspepsia (6%)
Skin Nausea (10%) [14]
Peripheral edema (4%) Skin Vomiting (8%) [4]
Rash (7%) [3]
Central Nervous System Endocrine/Metabolic
Headache (13%) [7] Mucosal Hyperprolactinemia [2]
Rhinorrhea (6%) Weight gain (5%) [5]
Arthralgia (3%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal Other
Asthenia (fatigue) (2%) Asthenia (fatigue) (9%) [2] Adverse effects [3]
Back pain (2%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Diarrhea (12%)
Abdominal distension [5] Flatulence (7%)
Nausea (13%) [2]
LUSUTROMBOPAG *
Diarrhea [20] Respiratory Trade name: Mulpleta (Shionogi)
Flatulence [3] Dyspnea (13%) [4] Indications: indicated for the treatment of
Nausea [21] Influenza (5%) thrombocytopenia in adult patients with chronic
Vomiting [7] Nasopharyngitis (13%) liver disease who are scheduled to undergo a
Respiratory Upper respiratory tract infection (10%) procedure
Dyspnea [4] Class: Thrombopoietin receptor (TPO) agonist
Endocrine/Metabolic
Flu-like syndrome (2%) Half-life: ~27 hours
Creatine phosphokinase increased (7%) [2]
Sinusitis (5%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Menstrual irregularities (10%)
Upper respiratory tract infection (4%) interactions with: none known
Other Pregnancy category: N/A (no available data to
Other Adverse effects [2] inform the drug-associated risk)
Adverse effects [3]
LURASIDONE Headache (5%)
LULICONAZOLE Hematologic
Trade name: Latuda (Sunovion)
Trade name: Luzu (Medicis) Platelets increased [4]
Indications: Schizophrenia, depressive epidodes
Indications: Interdigital tinea pedis, tinea cruris, associated with bipolar I disorder
and tinea corporis caused by the organisms Class: Antipsychotic
Trichophyton rubrum and Epidermophyton floccosum Half-life: 18 hours LYCOPENE
Class: Antifungal, azole Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Half-life: N/A interactions with: alcohol, amphetamines, CNS Scientific names: All-Trans-Lycopene, Psi-Psi-
Clinically important, potentially hazardous depressants, dasabuvir/ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ Carotene
interactions with: none known ritonavir, dasatinib, deferasirox, diltiazem, Indications: Cancer (prevention), cardiovascular
Pregnancy category: C disopyramide, dopamine, dopamine agonists, disease (prevention), asthma
Important contra-indications noted in the droperidol, efavirenz, epinephrine, hydroxyzine, Class: Antioxidant
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; ketoconazole, levomepromazine, lithium, MAO Half-life: N/A
pediatric patients inhibitors, methylphenidate, metoclopramide, Clinically important, potentially hazardous
ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir, pimozide, interactions with: none known
Skin procainamide, quinagolide, quinidine, rifampin, Note: Cooking increases bioavailability of
Contact dermatitis [2] strong CYP3A4 inducers or inhibitors, lycopene. Major dietary sources are tomato
tetrabenazine, tocilizumab paste, juice, and ketchup.
Important contra-indications noted in the Skin
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Pigmentation [2]
Warning: INCREASED MORTALITY IN
Other
ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH DEMENTIA- Adverse effects [2]
RELATED PSYCHOSIS
MACITENTAN See all our books at www.crcpress.com

MACITENTAN Depression (6%) MDMA
Fever (21%) [2]
Trade name: Opsumit (Actelion) Headache [3] Synonym: 3,4-
Indications: Pulmonary arterial hypertension Pain (8%) methylenedioxymethamphetamine; ecstasy; E; X;
Class: Endothelin receptor (ETR) antagonist Paresthesias (8%) molly; club drug
Half-life: 16 hours Peripheral neuropathy (5%) Indications: N/A
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Sleep disturbances (12%) Class: Amphetamine
interactions with: ketoconazole, rifampin, Vertigo (dizziness) (14%) Half-life: N/A
ritonavir, strong CYP3A4 inducers or inhibitors Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Pregnancy category: X Neuromuscular/Skeletal interactions with: none known
Important contra-indications noted in the Asthenia (fatigue) [2]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Myalgia/Myopathy (5%)
Skin
pediatric patients Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Diaphoresis [4]
Note: Contra-indicated in pregnancy. Abdominal pain (14%)
Warning: EMBRYO-FETAL TOXICITY Diarrhea [2] Mucosal
Hepatotoxicity [2] Xerostomia [5]
Skin Respiratory Cardiovascular
Peripheral edema [3] Cough (22%) [2] Cardiotoxicity [2]
Flu-like syndrome (3%) Myocardial infarction [2]
Headache (14%) [6] Nasopharyngitis [2] Central Nervous System
Pneumonia (4%) Amnesia [2]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Upper respiratory tract infection (37%) [2] Confusion [2]
Hepatotoxicity [5] Depression (37%) [14]
Genitourinary
Respiratory Urinary tract infection (4%) Hallucinations [4]
Bronchitis (12%) [2] Headache [2]
Influenza (6%) Other Hyperthermia [3]
Nasopharyngitis (20%) [6] Adverse effects [6] Memory loss [3]
Pharyngitis (20%) Neuroleptic malignant syndrome [4]
Upper respiratory tract infection [2] Neurotoxicity [5]
Genitourinary MARIHUANA Parkinsonism [4]
Urinary tract infection (9%) Psychosis [4]
Synonyms: marijuana; grass; hashish; pot; Seizures [3]
Hematologic cannabis Serotonin syndrome [6]
Anemia (13%) [8] Indications: Nausea and vomiting, substance Neuromuscular/Skeletal
abuse drug Myalgia/Myopathy [2]
Class: Antiemetic, Cannabinoid, Hallucinogen Rhabdomyolysis [34]
MARAVIROC Half-life: N/A
Trade names: Celsentri (ViiV), Selzentry (ViiV) interactions with: atazanavir Hepatitis [2]
Indications: HIV infection Pregnancy category: N/A Hepatotoxicity [4]
Class: Antiretroviral, CCR5 co-receptor Note: Marihuana is the popular name for the Nausea [2]
antagonist dried flowering leaves of the hemp plant, cannabis Endocrine/Metabolic
Half-life: 14–18 hours sativa. It contains tetrahydrocannabinols. Hyponatremia [5]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous SIADH [8]
interactions with: atazanavir, clarithromycin, Mucosal Genitourinary
conivaptan, CYP3A4 inhibitors or inducers, Xerostomia [2] Priapism [2]
darunavir, dasatinib, deferasirox, delavirdine,
efavirenz, etravirine, indinavir, ketoconazole, Cardiovascular Hematologic
lopinavir, nelfinavir, oxcarbazepine, rifampin, Cardiotoxicity [4] Coagulopathy [2]
rifapentine, ritonavir, saquinavir, St John’s wort, Myocardial infarction [2] Ocular
telithromycin, voriconazole Central Nervous System Hallucinations, visual [2]
Pregnancy category: B Amnesia [2] Other
Important contra-indications noted in the Hallucinations [3] Bruxism [8]
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Neurotoxicity [2] Death [47]
mothers; pediatric patients Schizophrenia [3] Dipsia (thirst) [2]
Warning: HEPATOTOXICITY Seizures [2] Multiorgan failure [2]
Stroke [2]
Skin Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Dermatitis (5%) Pancreatitis [2]
Folliculitis (5%) Genitourinary
Lipodystrophy (5%) Priapism [2]
Pruritus (6%) [2]
Rash (17%) [2] Ocular
Hallucinations, visual [2]
Mucosal
Stomatitis (4%) Other
Adverse effects [2]
Cardiovascular
Postural hypotension [2]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual MEFLOQUINE
Local Erythema multiforme [2]

MEADOWSWEET Injection-site extravasation (<10%) Fixed eruption [12]
Injection-site thrombophlebitis (<10%) [2] Pruritus (<10%)
Family: Rosaceae Rash (>10%)
Scientific names: Filipendula ulmaria, Spiraea Toxic epidermal necrolysis [2]
ulmaria
Indications: Colds, fevers, cough, bronchitis, MEDROXY- Cardiovascular
dyspepsia, heartburn, peptic ulcer, gout, Myocardial infarction [2]
rheumatic disorders
PROGESTERONE Central Nervous System
Class: Anti-inflammatory, Diuretic Seizures [2]
Trade names: Depo-Provera (Pfizer), Lunelle
Half-life: N/A Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
(Pfizer), Premphase (Wyeth), Prempro (Wyeth),
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Hepatotoxicity [2]
Provera (Pfizer)
interactions with: salicylates
Indications: Secondary amenorrhea, renal or Renal
endometrial carcinoma Renal failure [2]
Class: Progestogen
Half-life: 30 days
Ocular
MEBENDAZOLE Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Glaucoma [2]
interactions with: acitretin, dofetilide
Trade name: Vermox (Janssen) Pregnancy category: X
Indications: Parasitic worm infestations MEFLOQUINE
Class: Anthelmintic, Antibiotic, imidazole
Skin
Half-life: 1–12 hours Trade name: Lariam (Roche)
Acneform eruption (<5%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Indications: Malaria
Chloasma (<10%)
interactions with: aminophylline Class: Antimalarial, Antiprotozoal
Diaphoresis (<31%)
Pregnancy category: C Half-life: 21–22 days
Edema (>10%)
Flushing (12%)
Skin interactions with: acebutolol, artemether/
Melasma (<10%)
Stevens-Johnson syndrome [2] lumefantrine, ethosuximide, halofantrine,
Pruritus (<10%)
ketoconazole, lacosamide, moxifloxacin,
Hair Rash (<5%)
oxcarbazepine, quinine, tiagabine, typhoid
Alopecia [3] Hair vaccine, vigabatrin
Central Nervous System Alopecia (<5%) Pregnancy category: C
Headache [2] Cardiovascular Important contra-indications noted in the
Vertigo (dizziness) [2] Thrombophlebitis (<10%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Warning: NEUROPSYCHIATRIC ADVERSE
Abdominal pain [4] REACTIONS
Osteoporosis [2]
Other Endocrine/Metabolic
Adverse effects [2] Skin
Amenorrhea [3]
Galactorrhea [2]
Erythema [2]
Mastodynia (<5%)
Exanthems (30%)
MECHLORETHAMINE Weight gain [3]
Pruritus (4–10%) [2]
Genitourinary Psoriasis [2]
Synonyms: mustine; nitrogen mustard Vaginitis (<5%) Rash (<10%)
Indications: Hodgkin’s disease, mycosis Stevens-Johnson syndrome [2]
Local
fungoides Toxic epidermal necrolysis [2]
Injection-site pain (>10%)
Class: Alkylating agent Vasculitis [3]
Half-life: <1 minute
interactions with: aldesleukin, vaccines MEFENAMIC ACID Palpitation [3]
Pregnancy category: D Tachycardia [2]
Trade name: Ponstel (First Horizon) Central Nervous System
Indications: Pain, dysmenorrhea Abnormal dreams [3]
Skin
Class: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID) Aggression [2]
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis
Half-life: 3.5 hours Amnesia [2]
(<10%) [4]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Anorexia [2]
interactions with: methotrexate Anxiety [5]
Dermatitis [28]
Pregnancy category: C Chills (<10%)
Herpes zoster (>10%)
Important contra-indications noted in the Confusion [2]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Delusions [2]
Pigmentation [10]
pediatric patients Depression [7]
Pruritus [3]
Note: NSAIDs may cause an increased risk of Fever (<10%) [2]
Squamous cell carcinoma [3]
serious cardiovascular and gastrointestinal Hallucinations [3]
Urticaria [3]
adverse events, which can be fatal. This risk may Headache (<10%) [5]
Hair increase with duration of use. Insomnia [3]
Alopecia (<10%) Warning: CARDIOVASCULAR AND Mania [4]
Central Nervous System GASTROINTESTINAL RISK Neurotoxicity [8]
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (<10%) Psychosis [8]
Skin Seizures [6]
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [2] Sleep disturbances [2]
MEFLOQUINE Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Vertigo (dizziness) (<10%) [20] quinolones, ritonavir, serotonin/norepinephrine Neuromuscular/Skeletal

Neuromuscular/Skeletal reuptake inhibitors, SSRIs, sulfonylureas, Arthralgia (<5%)
Arthralgia [2] tacrolimus, thrombolytic agents, tositumomab & Asthenia (fatigue) [2]
Asthenia (fatigue) (<10%) [2] iodine131, treprostinil, vancomycin, venlafaxine, Back pain (<3%)
Myalgia/Myopathy (<10%) [2] vitamin K antagonists, voriconazole, zidovudine Bone or joint pain (2%)
Pregnancy category: C (category D from 30 Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic weeks gestation)
Abdominal pain [4] Abdominal pain (2–5%) [2]
Important contra-indications noted in the Black stools (<2%)
Diarrhea [4] prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Nausea [8] Colitis (<2%)
mothers Constipation (<3%) [2]
Vomiting [14] Note: NSAIDs may cause an increased risk of Diarrhea (2–6%) [2]
Otic serious cardiovascular and gastrointestinal Dyspepsia (4–10%) [2]
Tinnitus (<10%) adverse events, which can be fatal. This risk may Eructation (belching) (<2%)
Ocular increase with duration of use. Esophagitis (<2%)
Maculopathy [2] Warning: CARDIOVASCULAR AND Flatulence (<3%)
GASTROINTESTINAL RISKS Gastritis (<2%)
Other
Adverse effects [2] Gastroesophageal reflux (<2%)
Death [3] Skin Gastrointestinal bleeding [2]
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis (<2%) Gastrointestinal perforation (<2%) [2]
Angioedema (<2%) [3] Gastrointestinal ulceration (<2%) [3]
Bullous dermatitis (<2%) Hematemesis (<2%)
MELATONIN Edema (2–5%) Hepatitis (<2%)
Erythema [2] Hepatotoxicity [6]
Family: None Erythema multiforme (<2%) Nausea (3–7%) [4]
Scientific name: N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine Exanthems (<2%) Pancreatitis (<2%)
Indications: Jet lag, sleep disorders, Alzheimer’s Facial edema (<2%) Vomiting (<3%)
disease, free radical scavenger, chemotherapy Hematoma [3]
adjunct, tinnitus, depression, migraine, cluster Respiratory
Hot flashes (<2%) Asthma (<2%)
headache, hypertension, hyperpigmentation, Hyperhidrosis (<2%)
osteoporosis, antioxidant. Skin protectant against Bronchospasm (<2%)
Hypersensitivity [2] Cough (<2%)
sunburn Photosensitivity (<2%)
Class: Hormone Dyspnea (<2%)
Pruritus (<2%) [3] Flu-like syndrome (2–3%)
Half-life: N/A Purpura (<2%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Upper respiratory tract infection (<8%)
Rash (<3%) [3]
interactions with: acetaminophen, NSAIDs, Stevens-Johnson syndrome (<2%) Endocrine/Metabolic
setraline Toxic epidermal necrolysis (<2%) ALT increased (<2%)
Pregnancy category: N/A Urticaria (<2%) [4] Appetite increased (<2%)
Vasculitis (<2%) AST increased (<2%)
Skin Dehydration (<2%)
Hair GGT increased (<2%)
Fixed eruption [2] Alopecia (<2%) Weight gain (<2%)
Central Nervous System Mucosal Weight loss (<2%)
Somnolence (drowsiness) [2] Ulcerative stomatitis (<2%) Genitourinary
Xerostomia (<2%) Albuminuria (<2%)
Cardiovascular Hematuria (<2%)
MELOXICAM Angina (<2%) Urinary frequency (<2%)
Arrhythmias (<2%) Urinary tract infection (<7%)
Trade name: Mobic (Boehringer Ingelheim) Cardiac failure (<2%)
Indications: Osteoarthritis Renal
Hypertension (<2%) Nephrotoxicity [2]
Class: COX-2 inhibitor, Non-steroidal anti- Hypotension (<2%)
inflammatory (NSAID) Renal failure (<2%)
Myocardial infarction (<2%)
Half-life: 15–20 hours Palpitation (<2%) Hematologic
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Tachycardia (<2%) Anemia (<4%)
interactions with: ACE inhibitors, adrenergic Leukopenia (<2%)
neurone blockers, alcohol, aliskiren, alpha Central Nervous System
Abnormal dreams (<2%) Otic
blockers, angiotensin II receptor antagonists, Tinnitus (<2%)
anticoagulants, antidepressants, antiplatelet Anxiety (<2%)
agents, aspirin, baclofen, beta blockers, bile acid Confusion (<2%) Ocular
sequestrants, calcium channel blockers, cardiac Depression (<2%) Abnormal vision (<2%)
glycosides, cholestyramine, clonidine, clopidogrel, Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (<2%) Conjunctivitis (<2%)
collagenase, conivaptan, corticosteroids, Fever (<2%)
Other
coumarins, cyclosporine, dabigatran, dasatinib, Headache (2–6%) [2]
Adverse effects (18%) [6]
desmopressin, diazoxide, digoxin, diuretics, Insomnia (<4%)
drotrecogin alfa, eplerenone, erlotinib, Nervousness (<2%)
glucosamine, haloperidol, heparins, hydralazine, Pain (4%)
ibritumomab, iloprost, ketorolac, lithium, Paresthesias (<2%)
methotrexate, methyldopa, mifamurtide, Seizures (<2%)
minoxidil, moxonidine, nitrates, nitroprusside, Somnolence (drowsiness) (<2%)
NSAIDs, pemetrexed, penicillamine, pentosan, Syncope (<2%)
pentoxifylline, phenindione, pralatrexate, Tremor (<2%)
prasugrel, probenecid, prostacyclin analogues, Vertigo (dizziness) (<3%)
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual MEPERIDINE

MELPHALAN MEMANTINE Chills (18–30%)
Fever (2–8%) [4]
Trade names: Alkeran (GSK), Evomela Trade names: Ebixa (Lundbeck), Namenda Headache (41–57%)
(Spectrum) (Forest)
Indications: Multiple myeloma, carcinomas Indications: Alzheimer’s disease, vascular Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Class: Alkylating agent dementia Arthralgia (16–22%)
Half-life: 90 minutes Class: Adamantane, NMDA receptor antagonist Asthenia (fatigue) (44–65%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Half-life: 60–80 hours Myalgia/Myopathy (35–41%)
interactions with: aldesleukin, PEG-interferon, Clinically important, potentially hazardous Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
tasonermin interactions with: amantadine, bromocriptine, Diarrhea (9–15%)
Pregnancy category: D darifenacin, dextromethorphan, ketamine, Vomiting (2–8%)
Important contra-indications noted in the levodopa, levomepromazine, oxybutynin, Respiratory
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing risperidone, rotigotine, tiotropium, trimethoprim, Upper respiratory tract infection [2]
mothers; pediatric patients trospium, zuclopenthixol
Warning: SEVERE BONE MARROW Pregnancy category: B Local
SUPPRESSION, HYPERSENSITIVITY, and Important contra-indications noted in the Injection-site edema (18–22%)
LEUKEMOGENICITY prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Injection-site erythema (15–20%)
pediatric patients Injection-site pain (85–93%) [3]
Skin
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [2] Skin
Angioedema [2] Peripheral edema (>2%)
Dermatitis [2] Central Nervous System
MENINGOCOCCAL
Exanthems (4%) [4]
Agitation [2] GROUPS C & Y &
Confusion [3]
Pruritus (<10%)
Rash (<10%)
Depression (>2%) HAEMOPHILUS B
Gait instability [3]
Toxicity [3] Headache (6%) [3] TETANUS TOXOID
Urticaria [3] Vertigo (dizziness) (7%) [6]
Vasculitis (<10%) CONJUGATE VACCINE
Vesiculation (<10%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Arthralgia (>2%) Synonym: HibMenCY
Hair Asthenia (fatigue) (2%) Trade name: Menhibrix (GSK)
Alopecia (<10%) [2] Back pain (3%) Indications: Immunization to prevent invasive
Nails Myoclonus [2] disease caused by Neisseria meningitidis
Beau’s lines (transverse nail bands) [4] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic serogroups C and Y and Haemophilus influenzae
Mucosal Constipation [2] Type B
Mucositis [8] Diarrhea [2] Class: Vaccine
Oral mucositis [4] Vomiting [2] Half-life: N/A
Stomatitis (<10%) [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Respiratory
interactions with: immunosuppressants
Cardiovascular Cough (4%)
Atrial fibrillation [2] Flu-like syndrome (>2%)
Central Nervous System Nasopharyngitis [2]
Peripheral neuropathy [3] Genitourinary
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Urinary tract infection [2]
Rhabdomyolysis [2] Ocular Fever (11–26%)
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Hallucinations, visual [2] Irritability (62–71%)
Diarrhea [3] Other Sedation (49–63%)
Hepatotoxicity [2] Adverse effects [3] Endocrine/Metabolic
Nausea [2] Appetite decreased (30–34%)
Hematologic Local
Febrile neutropenia [2] MENINGOCOCCAL Injection-site edema (15–25%) [2]
Neutropenia [5] Injection-site erythema (21–36%)
Thrombocytopenia [5] GROUP B VACCINE Injection-site pain (42–46%) [2]
Other Trade names: Bexsero (Novartis), Trumenba
Death [2] (Wyeth)
Indications: Immunization to prevent invasive MEPERIDINE
disease caused by Neisseria meningitidis
serogroup B Synonym: pethidine
Class: Vaccine Trade name: Demerol (Sanofi-Aventis)
Half-life: N/A Indications: Pain
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Class: Opiate agonist
interactions with: none known Half-life: 3–4 hours
Pregnancy category: B Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Important contra-indications noted in the interactions with: acyclovir, alcohol,
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing amphetamines, barbiturates, CNS depressants,
mothers; pediatric patients darunavir, duloxetine, fluoxetine, furazolidone,
general anesthetics, glycopyrrolate,
MEPERIDINE See all our books at www.crcpress.com
glycopyrronium, indinavir, isocarboxazid, Influenza (3%)

linezolid, lisdexamfetamine, lithium, MAO Nasopharyngitis (>3%) [3] MEROPENEM
inhibitors, moclobemide, phenelzine, Pharyngitis (>3%)
phenobarbital, phenothiazines, phenytoin, Rhinitis (>3%) Trade name: Meronem (AstraZeneca)
rasagiline, ritonavir, safinamide, selegiline, Sinusitis [2] Indications: Aerobic and anaerobic infections,
sibutramine, SSRIs, tipranavir, tranquilizers, Upper respiratory tract infection [2] febrile neutropenia
tranylcypromine, tricyclic antidepressants, Class: Antibiotic, carbapenem, Thienamycin
Genitourinary Half-life: 4–6 hours
valacyclovir Cystitis (>3%)
Pregnancy category: C Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Urinary tract infection (3%) interactions with: oral contraceptives,
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Otic probenecid, valproic acid
mothers; pediatric patients Ear infection (>3%) Pregnancy category: B
Local
Skin Injection-site reactions (8%) [2] Skin
Pruritus [3] Other AGEP [2]
Infection (>3%) Hypersensitivity [3]
Mucosal Rash (2%) [6]
Xerostomia (<10%) Toothache (>3%)
Central Nervous System Fever [2]
Catatonia [2]
Delirium [2] MERCAPTOPURINE Headache (2%)
Seizures [7]
Seizures [2]
Serotonin syndrome [7] Synonyms: 6-mercaptopurine; 6-MP Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Trade name: Purinethol (Gate) Diarrhea [4]
Local Indications: Leukemias Hepatotoxicity [3]
Injection-site erythema [2] Class: Antimetabolite, Antineoplastic Nausea [2]
Injection-site pain (<10%) Half-life: triphasic: 45 minutes; 2.5 hours; 10 Vomiting [2]
hours Endocrine/Metabolic
Clinically important, potentially hazardous ALT increased [3]
MEPOLIZUMAB interactions with: aldesleukin, allopurinol, AST increased [3]
balsalazide, febuxostat, influenza vaccine,
Trade name: Nucala (GSK) mycophenolate, natalizumab, olsalazine, Local
Indications: Adjunctive treatment for severe trimethoprim, typhoid vaccine, vaccines, yellow Injection-site pain [3]
eosinophilic asthma fever vaccine Other
Class: Interleukin-5 antagonist, Monoclonal Pregnancy category: D Adverse effects [14]
antibody Death [2]
Half-life: 16–22 days Skin
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Dermatitis (2%)
Pregnancy category: N/A (Insufficent evidence
Hand–foot syndrome [3] MESALAMINE
to inform drug-associated risk) Neoplasms [2] Synonyms: 5-aminosalicylic acid; 5-ASA;
Important contra-indications noted in the Peripheral edema [2] fisalamine; mesalazine
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Photosensitivity [2] Trade names: Asacol (Procter & Gamble),
pediatric patients Pigmentation (<10%) Canasa (Aptalis), Lialda (Shire), Pentasa (Shire),
Rash (<10%) [2] Rowasa (Solvay)
Skin Hair Indications: Ulcerative colitis
Eczema (3%) Alopecia [2] Class: Aminosalicylate
Pruritus (3%) Half-life: 0.5–1.5 hours
Rash (>3%) Mucosal Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Mucositis (<10%) interactions with: azathioprine, NSAIDs,
Mucosal Oral lesions (<5%) [2]
Nasal congestion (>3%) pantoprazole
Stomatitis (<10%) Pregnancy category: B
Central Nervous System Central Nervous System Important contra-indications noted in the
Fever (>3%) Fever [3] prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Headache (19%) [4] mothers
Vertigo (dizziness) (>3%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Hepatotoxicity [5]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Nausea [2] Skin
Asthenia (fatigue) (5%) [2] Pancreatitis [9] Diaphoresis (3%)
Back pain (5%) Exanthems [3]
Bone or joint pain (>3%) Hematologic
Leukopenia [2] Hypersensitivity [8]
Muscle spasm (3%) Lupus erythematosus [2]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Myelotoxicity [3] Photosensitivity [3]
Abdominal pain (3%) Psoriasis [2]
Gastroenteritis (>3%) Other Rash (3%) [6]
Nausea (>3%) [2] Death [2]
Hair
Vomiting (>3%) Alopecia [6]
Respiratory Cardiovascular
Asthma [2] Cardiotoxicity [3]
Bronchitis (>3%) [2] Myocarditis [7]
Dyspnea (>3%) Myopericarditis [2]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual METHADONE
Pericarditis [5] Back pain [5]

METFORMIN Myalgia/Myopathy (<10%)
Fever (<6%) [6] Trade names: Avandamet (GSK), Fortamet Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Headache (2–25%) [5] (Andrx), Glucophage (Merck Serono), Abdominal pain (6%) [5]
Pain (14%) Glucovance (Merck Serono), Invokamet (Janssen), Constipation [3]
Vertigo (dizziness) (2–8%) Janumet (Merck Sharpe & Dohme), Synjardy Diarrhea (10–35%) [31]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal (Boehringer Ingelheim), Xigduo XR Dyspepsia [5]
Myalgia/Myopathy (3%) (AstraZeneca) Flatulence [2]
Indications: Diabetes Gastroenteritis [2]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Hepatotoxicity [6]
Abdominal pain (<18%) [6] Class: Antidiabetic, Biguanide
Half-life: 6 hours Nausea (7–26%) [25]
Colitis (ulcerative / exacerbation) [4] Pancreatitis [5]
Diarrhea (2–8%) [4] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
interactions with: ACE inhibitors, Vomiting (7–26%) [12]
Eructation (belching) (16%)
Flatulence (<6%) [2] acetazolamide, alcohol, amiloride, anabolic Respiratory
Hepatotoxicity [2] steroids, beta blockers, bictegravir/emtricitabine/ Bronchitis [3]
Nausea (3–13%) [3] tenofovir alafenamide, calcium channel blockers, Dyspnea (<10%)
Pancreatitis [21] captopril, cephalexin, cilazapril, cimetidine, Influenza [2]
Vomiting (<5%) [2] corticosteroids, diazoxide, dichlorphenamide, Nasopharyngitis [6]
digoxin, disopyramide, diuretics, enalapril, Respiratory tract infection (<10%)
Respiratory estrogens, fosinopril, iodinated contrast agents, Sinusitis [2]
Eosinophilic pneumonia [4] isoniazid, ketotifen, lanreotide, lisinopril, Upper respiratory tract infection [6]
Pharyngitis (11%) luteinizing hormone releasing hormone analogs,
Pneumonia [5] Endocrine/Metabolic
MAO inhibitors, morphine, nicotinic acid, Acidosis [23]
Pneumonitis [2] octreotide, oral contraceptives, pegvisomant,
Pulmonary toxicity [10] Appetite decreased [5]
phenothiazines, phenytoin, procainamide, Hypoglycemia [15]
Renal progestogens, quinapril, quinidine, quinine, Weight gain [2]
Nephrotoxicity [7] ramipril, ranitidine, somatropin, Weight loss [5]
Hematologic sympathomimetics, testosterone, thiazides,
thyroid products, topiramate, trandolapril, Genitourinary
Anemia [2] Genital mycotic infections [9]
Eosinophilia [3] triamterene, trimethoprim, trospium,
vancomycin, zonisamide Pollakiuria [3]
Otic Pregnancy category: B Urinary tract infection [12]
Tinnitus (<3%) Important contra-indications noted in the Renal
Other prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Nephrotoxicity [5]
Adverse effects [11] mothers; pediatric patients Hematologic
Allergic reactions [2] Note: Lactic acidosis is a rare, but serious, Anemia [2]
Kounis syndrome [2] metabolic complication that can occur due to
metformin accumulation. Other
Avandamet is metformin and rosiglitazone; Adverse effects [24]
Glucovance is metformin and glyburide; Death [2]
METAXALONE Invokamet is metformin and canagliflozin; Vitamin B-12 deficiency [5]
Trade name: Skelaxin (Elan) Janumet is metformin and sitagliptin; Synjardy is
Indications: Muscle spasm metformin and empagliflozin; Xigduo XR is
Class: Central muscle relaxant metformin and dapagliflozin. METHADONE
Half-life: 4–14 hours Warning: LACTIC ACIDOSIS
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Trade names: Dolophine (Roxane), Methadose
interactions with: alcohol, barbiturates, Skin (Mallinckrodt)
conivaptan, droperidol, interferon alfa, Angioedema [2] Indications: Pain, narcotic addiction
levomepromazine, St John’s wort, tricyclic Bullous pemphigoid [2] Class: Opiate agonist
antidepressants Erythema (transient) [3] Half-life: 15–25 hours
Pregnancy category: B Fixed eruption [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Important contra-indications noted in the Flushing (<10%) interactions with: abacavir, amprenavir,
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Lichenoid eruption [2] boceprevir, citalopram, darunavir, delavirdine,
pediatric patients Peripheral edema [5] diazepam, efavirenz, erythromycin, fluconazole,
Note: Contra-indicated in patients with known Photosensitivity (<10%) fluvoxamine, interferon alfa, ketoconazole,
tendency to drug-induced, hemolytic, or other Rash (<10%) [4] linezolid, lofexidine, lopinavir, nelfinavir, nilotinib,
anemias, or significantly impaired renal or hepatic Urticaria (<10%) [4] paroxetine hydrochloride, PEG-interferon,
function. Vasculitis [2] quetiapine, ribociclib, rifapentine, rilpivirine,
safinamide, St John’s wort, tipranavir, vandetanib,
Cardiovascular voriconazole, zidovudine, zuclopenthixol
Cardiovascular Hypertension [3] Pregnancy category: C
Tachycardia [2] Palpitation (<10%) Important contra-indications noted in the
Central Nervous System Central Nervous System prescribing guidelines for: pediatric patients
Agitation [2] Chills (<10%) Note: Methadone is not licensed for use in
Serotonin syndrome [3] Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (3%) children though it can be employed for the
Somnolence (drowsiness) [3] Headache (6%) [10] management of neonatal opiate withdrawal
Vertigo (dizziness) [3] Vertigo (dizziness) (<10%) [6] syndrome.
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Nausea [2] Arthralgia [5] Skin
Vomiting [2] Asthenia (fatigue) (9%) [2] Diaphoresis (<48%) [4]
METHADONE Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Pruritus [2] pantoprazole, paromomycin, penicillin G,

Mucosal
METHIMAZOLE penicillin V, penicillins, phenylbutazone,
Xerostomia (<10%) piperacillin, piperacillin/tazobactam, piroxicam,
Synonym: thiamazole polypeptide antibiotics, prednisolone, prednisone,
Cardiovascular Trade name: Tapazole (Paladin) pristinamycin, probenecid, procarbazine,
Arrhythmias [2] Indications: Hyperthyroidism rofecoxib, salicylates, salsalate, sapropterin,
QT prolongation [37] Class: Antithyroid, hormone modifier sulfadiazine, sulfamethoxazole, sulfapyridine,
Torsades de pointes [27] Half-life: 4–13 hours sulfasalazine, sulfisoxazole, sulindac, taxobactam,
Ventricular arrhythmia [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous tenoxicam, tetracycline, ticarcillin, tolmetin,
Central Nervous System interactions with: anticoagulants, dicumarol, trimethoprim, vaccines
Hallucinations [2] warfarin Pregnancy category: X
Hyperalgesia [2] Pregnancy category: D Important contra-indications noted in the
Neurotoxicity [2] prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Serotonin syndrome [2] Skin mothers; pediatric patients
Somnolence (drowsiness) [2] Aplasia cutis congenita [4] Warning: SEVERE TOXIC REACTIONS,
Syncope [2] Exanthems (<15%) [5] INCLUDING EMBRYOFETAL TOXICITY AND
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Hypersensitivity [2] DEATH
Rhabdomyolysis [4] Lupus erythematosus (<10%) [10]
Pruritus (<5%) [4] Skin
Respiratory Rash (>10%)
Respiratory depression [4] Abscess (peritoneal) [2]
Urticaria (>5%) [2] Acral erythema [13]
Genitourinary Vasculitis [6] Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis
Sexual dysfunction [2] Central Nervous System (<10%) [9]
Local Ageusia (taste loss) (<10%) Bullous acral erythema [2]
Injection-site pain (<10%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal Bullous dermatitis [4]
Capillaritis [2]
Other Arthralgia [4]
Carcinoma [2]
Adverse effects [2] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Dermatitis [2]
Death [15] Hepatotoxicity [11] Edema [2]
Pancreatitis [3] Erosion of psoriatic plaques [8]
Respiratory Erythema (>10%)
METHAMPHETAMINE Pulmonary toxicity [2] Erythema multiforme [4]
Erythroderma [2]
Trade name: Desoxyn (Recordati) Hematologic
Exanthems (15%) [5]
Indications: Attention deficit disorder, obesity Agranulocytosis [11]
Folliculitis [2]
Class: Amphetamine Neutropenia [2]
Half-life: 4–5 hours Other Herpes simplex [2]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Side effects (in high dosages) (28%) [2] Herpes zoster [7]
interactions with: fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, Teratogenicity [2] Hypersensitivity [4]
MAO inhibitors, paroxetine hydrochloride, Lymphoma [5]
phenelzine, sertraline, tranylcypromine Malignancies [2]
METHOTREXATE Malignant lymphoma [4]
Molluscum contagiosum [2]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Synonyms: amethopterin; MTX Necrosis [6]
pediatric patients Trade names: Rasuvo (Medac), Rheumatrex Neoplasms [2]
Warning: POTENTIAL FOR ABUSE (Stada) Nodular eruption [15]
Indications: Carcinomas, leukemias, lymphomas, Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma [2]
Skin psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis Photosensitivity (5%) [9]
Diaphoresis (<10%) Class: Antimetabolite, Disease-modifying Pigmentation (<10%)
antirheumatic drug (DMARD), Folic acid Pruritus (<5%)
Mucosal
antagonist Pseudolymphoma [10]
Xerostomia (<10%) [5]
Half-life: 3–10 hours Radiation recall dermatitis [8]
Cardiovascular Clinically important, potentially hazardous Rash (<3%) [13]
Polyarteritis nodosa [2] interactions with: acemetacin, acitretin, Squamous cell carcinoma [2]
Central Nervous System aldesleukin, aminoglycosides, amiodarone, Stevens-Johnson syndrome [4]
Depression [2] amoxicillin, ampicillin, aspirin, bacampicillin, Sunburn (reactivation) [6]
Hallucinations [4] bismuth, carbenicillin, chloroquine, ciprofloxacin, Toxic epidermal necrolysis [8]
Insomnia [2] cisplatin, cloxacillin, co-trimoxazole, Toxicity [9]
Neurotoxicity [6] cyclopenthiazide, dapsone, demeclocycline, Ulceration of psoriatic plaques [4]
Paranoia [2] dexamethasone, diclofenac, dicloxacillin, Ulcerations [12]
Parkinsonism [2] doxycycline, echinacea, etodolac, etoricoxib, Urticaria [4]
Psychosis [11] etretinate, fenoprofen, flurbiprofen, folic acid Vasculitis (>10%) [9]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal antagonists, gadobenate, haloperidol, Hair
Rhabdomyolysis (43%) [5] hydrocortisone, ibuprofen, indomethacin, Alopecia (<6%) [28]
infliximab, ketoprofen, ketorolac, leflunomide,
Other Nails
magnesium trisalicylate, meclofenamate,
Bruxism [4] Nail pigmentation [2]
mefenamic acid, meloxicam, methicillin,
Death [3] Paronychia [2]
mezlocillin, minocycline, nabumetone, nafcillin,
Dental disease [2] naproxen, natalizumab, NSAIDs, omeprazole, Mucosal
oxacillin, oxaprozin, oxtriphylline, oxytetracycline, Aphthous stomatitis [2]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual METHYLDOPA
Gingivitis (>10%) Ocular

Glossitis (>10%) Cotton wool spots [2] METHYLDOPA
Mucocutaneous reactions [2] Optic neuropathy [2]
Mucositis [11] Trade name: Aldoclor (Merck)
Local Indications: Hypertension
Nasal septal perforation [2] Injection-site reactions [3]
Oral mucositis [8] Class: Adrenergic alpha-receptor agonist
Oral ulceration [11] Other Half-life: 1.7 hours
Stomatitis (3–10%) [19] Adverse effects [40] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Death [17] interactions with: acebutolol, alfuzosin,
Cardiovascular Hodgkin’s disease (nodular sclerosing) [2] bromocriptine, captopril, cilazapril,
Hypertension [2] Infection [25] cyclopenthiazide, diclofenac, enalapril, ephedrine,
Pericardial effusion [2] Side effects [3] fosinopril, irbesartan, levodopa,
Pericarditis [3] Teratogenicity [3] levomepromazine, linezolid, lisinopril, meloxicam,
Central Nervous System olmesartan, quinapril, ramipril, risperidone,
Encephalopathy [5] rotigotine, trandolapril, triamcinolone,
Fever [6]
Headache [17]
METHOXSALEN zuclopenthixol
Leukoencephalopathy [62] Trade name: Oxsoralen (Valeant) Important contra-indications noted in the
Migraine [2] Indications: Psoriasis, vitiligo prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers
Neurotoxicity [12] Class: CYP1A2 inhibitor, Psoralen, Repigmenting Note: Aldoril is methyldopa and
Vertigo (dizziness) [2] agent hydrochlorothiazide. Hydrochlorothiazide is a
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Half-life: 1.1 hours sulfonamide and can be absorbed systemically.
Arthralgia [5] Clinically important, potentially hazardous Sulfonamides can produce severe, possibly fatal,
Asthenia (fatigue) [14] interactions with: caffeine, chloroquine, reactions such as toxic epidermal necrolysis and
Back pain [2] cyclosporine, fluoroquinolones, phenothiazines, Stevens-Johnson syndrome.
Bone or joint pain [2] sulfonamides
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Pregnancy category: C Skin
Abdominal pain [9] Important contra-indications noted in the Eczema [3]
Colitis [2] prescribing guidelines for: pediatric patients Erythema multiforme [2]
Diarrhea [13] Note: Potential hazards of long-term therapy Exanthems (3%) [3]
Dyspepsia [3] include the possibilities of carcinogenicity and Lichen planus [3]
Gastroenteritis [2] cataractogenicity. Lichenoid eruption [9]
Hepatic steatosis [2] Lupus erythematosus [14]
Hepatitis [3] Skin Peripheral edema (>10%)
Hepatotoxicity [57] Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [2] Photosensitivity [2]
Nausea [30] Basal cell carcinoma [3] Pigmentation [3]
Vomiting [13] Bullous dermatitis (with UVA) [4] Seborrheic dermatitis [3]
Burning (<10%) [3] Stevens-Johnson syndrome [2]
Respiratory Urticaria [2]
Cough [3] Carcinoma [5]
Nasopharyngitis [6] Dermatitis [4] Mucosal
Pharyngitis [2] Edema (<10%) Oral lichenoid eruption [3]
Pneumonia [8] Ephelides (<10%) [5] Oral ulceration [6]
Pneumonitis [8] Erythema (<10%) Xerostomia (<10%)
Pulmonary toxicity [9] Exanthems [2] Central Nervous System
Upper respiratory tract infection [9] Herpes zoster [2] Anxiety (<10%)
Hypomelanosis (<10%) Depression (<10%)
Endocrine/Metabolic Lupus erythematosus [3]
ALT increased [7] Dyskinesia [2]
Photosensitivity [9] Fever (<10%)
AST increased [3] Phototoxicity [7]
Diabetes mellitus [2] Headache (<10%)
Pigmentation [3] Nightmares (<10%)
Gynecomastia [8] Porokeratosis (actinic) [3]
Hypoalbuminemia [2] Parkinsonism [2]
Pruritus (>10%)
Weight gain [2] Rash (<10%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Genitourinary Squamous cell carcinoma [4] Hepatitis [2]
Urinary tract infection [4] Tumors [2] Hepatotoxicity [8]
Renal Vitiligo [2] Endocrine/Metabolic
Nephrotoxicity [28] Hair Amenorrhea [2]
Renal failure [2] Hypertrichosis [3] Galactorrhea [4]
Hematologic Nails Hematologic
Anemia [9] Nail pigmentation [5] Hemolytic anemia [2]
Febrile neutropenia [3] Photo-onycholysis [5]
Hemotoxicity [2] Mucosal
Leukopenia [11] Cheilitis (<10%)
Myelotoxicity [4] Central Nervous System
Neutropenia [10] Pain [2]
Pancytopenia [10] Ocular
Thrombocytopenia [9] Ocular toxicity [2]
METHYLPHENIDATE See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Endocrine/Metabolic Respiratory
METHYLPHENIDATE Appetite decreased [16] Dysphonia [2]
Weight loss [9] Endocrine/Metabolic
Trade names: Concerta (Janssen), Metadate CD
(Celltech), Methylin (Mallinckrodt), Ritalin Genitourinary Hyperglycemia [4]
(Novartis) Priapism [5] Ocular
Indications: Attention deficit disorder, Ocular Cataract [3]
narcolepsy Hallucinations, visual [6] Glaucoma [2]
Class: Amphetamine Other Other
Half-life: 2–4 hours Adverse effects [7] Adverse effects [7]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Bruxism [2] Allergic reactions [3]
interactions with: amitriptyline, benazepril, Death [2]
bupropion, captopril, citalopram, clevidipine, Hiccups [2]
cyclosporine, enalapril, escitalopram, irbesartan,
linezolid, lisinopril, lurasidone, MAO inhibitors, METHYL- Infection [7]
olmesartan, paliperidone, pantoprazole,
paroxetine hydrochloride, phenylbutazone,
PREDNISOLONE
pimozide, quinapril, safinamide, ziprasidone
Trade names: Advantan (Intendis), Medrol
METHYL-
(Pharmacia), Solu-Medrol (Pharmacia) TESTOSTERONE
Indications: Arthralgias, asthma, dermatoses,
inflammatory ocular conditions, rhinitis Trade names: Android (Valeant), Estratest
mothers
Class: Corticosteroid, systemic (Solvay), Testred (Valeant)
Warning: ABUSE AND DEPENDENCE
Half-life: 12–36 hours; 2–4 hours (plasma) Indications: Hypogonadism, impotence,
Clinically important, potentially hazardous metastatic breast cancer
Skin interactions with: aminophylline, aprepitant, Class: Androgen
Angioedema [2] aspirin, carbamazepine, clarithromycin, Half-life: 2.5–3.5 hours
Exanthems [2] conivaptan, cyclosporine, daclizumab, darunavir, Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Exfoliative dermatitis [2] delavirdine, erythromycin, indinavir, itraconazole, interactions with: anticoagulants, cyclosporine,
Hypersensitivity (<10%) ketoconazole, live vaccines, oral contraceptives, warfarin
Leukoderma [2] phenobarbital, phenytoin, rifampin, telaprevir, Pregnancy category: X
Mucosal telithromycin, troleandomycin, voriconazole, Important contra-indications noted in the
Xerostomia [7] warfarin prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Pregnancy category: C pediatric patients
Cardiovascular Important contra-indications noted in the
Cardiotoxicity [3]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Skin
Palpitation [4]
pediatric patients Acneform eruption (>10%) [12]
QT prolongation [2]
Tachycardia [5] Edema (>10%)
Skin Flushing (<5%)
Central Nervous System Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [15]
Agitation [2] Hair
Dermatitis [5] Alopecia [2]
Anorexia [7]
Flushing [2] Hirsutism (in females) (<10%) [9]
Anxiety [7]
Compulsions [2] Endocrine/Metabolic
Pruritus [2]
Depression [2] Mastodynia (>10%)
Rash [2]
Fever [2]
Urticaria [5] Genitourinary
Hallucinations [6]
Cardiovascular Priapism (>10%)
Headache [12]
Insomnia [15] Arrhythmias [2]
Irritability [6] Bradycardia [6]
Mood changes [2] Hypertension [6] METHYSERGIDE
Nervousness [2] Myocardial infarction [2]
Neurotoxicity [3] Myocardial toxicity [2] Trade name: Sansert (Novartis)
Seizures [3] Central Nervous System Indications: Vascular (migraine) headaches
Somnolence (drowsiness) [3] Depression [5] Class: Hallucinogen, Psychotomimetic
Suicidal ideation [2] Dysgeusia (taste perversion) [4] Half-life: 10 hours
Tic disorder [6] Headache [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Tremor [2] Neurotoxicity [2] interactions with: acebutolol, almotriptan,
Vertigo (dizziness) [5] Psychosis [3] amprenavir, azithromycin, chlortetracycline,
Seizures [3] clarithromycin, delavirdine, demeclocycline,
Vertigo (dizziness) [2] doxycycline, efavirenz, eletriptan, erythromycin,
frovatriptan, indinavir, itraconazole, lymecycline,
Dystonia [2] Neuromuscular/Skeletal minocycline, naratriptan, nelfinavir,
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Arthralgia [2] oxytetracycline, ritonavir, rizatriptan, saquinavir,
Abdominal pain [12] Myalgia/Myopathy [4] sibutramine, sumatriptan, telithromycin,
Nausea [7] Osteonecrosis [9] tetracycline, tigecycline, troleandomycin,
Vomiting [5] Osteoporosis [2] voriconazole, zolmitriptan
Tendinopathy/Tendon rupture [2] Pregnancy category: X
Respiratory
Cough [3] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Important contra-indications noted in the
Nasopharyngitis [4] Abdominal pain [3] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Upper respiratory tract infection [3] Gastrointestinal bleeding [2] pediatric patients
Hepatotoxicity [8]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual MICAFUNGIN
Skin Otic
Lupus erythematosus [2] METRONIDAZOLE Hearing loss [2]
Peripheral edema (<10%) Ocular
Rash (<10%) Trade names: Flagyl (Pfizer), Metrocream
(Galderma), MetroGel (Galderma), Metrolotion Vision loss [2]
Scleroderma [4]
(Galderma), Noritate (Dermik), Vandazole Other
Hair (Upsher-Smith) Adverse effects [12]
Alopecia [4] Indications: Various infections caused by Death [3]
Cardiovascular susceptible organisms, rosacea Infection (fungal) (12%)
Valvulopathy [3] Class: Antibacterial, Antibiotic, nitroimidazole
MICAFUNGIN
METOPROLOL interactions with: alcohol, anisindione,
anticoagulants, astemizole, barbiturates, busulfan, Trade name: Mycamine (Astellas)
Trade names: Lopressor (Novartis), Toprol XL cimetidine, dicumarol, disulfiram, dronabinol, Indications: Invasive candidiasis, esophageal
(AstraZeneca) fluorouracil, lithium, lopinavir, mycophenolate, candidiasis
Indications: Hypertension, angina pectoris phenytoin, primidone, thalidomide, tipranavir, Class: Antifungal
Class: Adrenergic beta-receptor agonist, uracil/tegafur, warfarin Half-life: 11–21 hours
Antiarrhythmic class II Pregnancy category: B (in patients with Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Half-life: 3–4 hours trichomoniasis, metronidazole is contra-indicated interactions with: amphotericin B, conivaptan,
Clinically important, potentially hazardous during the first trimester of pregnancy) cyclosporine, itraconazole, nifedipine, sirolimus
interactions with: cinacalcet, clonidine, Important contra-indications noted in the Pregnancy category: C
cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers Important contra-indications noted in the
alafenamide, cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/ prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
tenofovir disoproxil, dronedarone, epinephrine, Skin pediatric patients
mirabegron, paroxetine hydrochloride, AGEP [2]
propoxyphene, tadalafil, telithromycin, tipranavir, Dermatitis [2] Skin
venlafaxine, verapamil Exanthems (<5%) [2] Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [2]
Pregnancy category: C Fixed eruption [14] Peripheral edema (7%)
Important contra-indications noted in the Flushing [2] Pruritus (6%)
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; pediatric Pruritus (<10%) [6] Rash (9%) [6]
patients Stevens-Johnson syndrome [5] Ulcerations (5%)
Note: Cutaneous side effects of beta-receptor Toxic epidermal necrolysis [2]
blockers are clinically polymorphous. They Urticaria [4] Mucosal
apparently appear after several months of Epistaxis (nosebleed) (6%) [2]
Mucosal Mucosal inflammation (14%)
continuous therapy. Glossitis [2]
Tongue furry [2] Cardiovascular
Skin Xerostomia [2] Bradycardia (3%)
Eczema [2] Hypertension (7%) [2]
Cardiovascular Hypotension (9%)
Erythroderma [2] Hypertension [2]
Lichenoid eruption [4] Phlebitis (6%)
Torsades de pointes [2] Tachycardia (8%)
Pruritus (<5%)
Psoriasis (induction and aggravation of) [8] Central Nervous System Central Nervous System
Rash (<5%) [3] Cerebellar syndrome [6] Anorexia (6%)
Raynaud’s phenomenon [3] Dysgeusia (taste perversion) [8] Anxiety (6%)
Encephalopathy [22] Fever (20%) [6]
Cardiovascular Fever [7]
Arrhythmias [2] Headache (16%) [3]
Headache (7%) [7] Insomnia (10%)
Bradycardia [8] Neurotoxicity [14]
Hypotension [4] Rigors (9%)
Peripheral neuropathy [2] Shock (8%)
Central Nervous System Psychosis [3]
Delirium [3] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Asthenia (fatigue) (6%)
Hallucinations [2] Ataxia [2]
Sleep disturbances [2] Back pain (5%)
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Abdominal pain (5%) [8]
Asthenia (fatigue) [2] Abdominal pain (10%) [3]
Diarrhea [15] Constipation (11%)
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Hepatotoxicity [5] Diarrhea (23%) [8]
Gastrointestinal disorder [2] Nausea [19] Dyspepsia (6%)
Genitourinary Pancreatitis [6] Hepatotoxicity [8]
Peyronie’s disease [5] Vomiting [14] Nausea (22%) [6]
Ocular Endocrine/Metabolic Vomiting (22%) [5]
Hallucinations, visual [3] ALT increased [2] Respiratory
AST increased [2] Cough (8%)
Genitourinary Dyspnea (6%)
Vulvovaginal candidiasis [2] Pneumonia (2%)
Hematologic Endocrine/Metabolic
Anemia [2] ALP increased (5%) [2]
Bleeding [2] ALT increased (5%) [6]
AST increased (6%) [4]
MICAFUNGIN Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Hyperbilirubinemia [3]
Hyperglycemia (6%) MIDAZOLAM MIDOSTAURIN
Hyperkalemia (5%)
Hypernatremia (5%) Trade name: Versed (Roche) Trade name: Rydapt (Novartis)
Hypocalcemia (7%) Indications: Preoperative sedation Indications: Aggressive systemic mastocytosis,
Hypoglycemia (6%) Class: Benzodiazepine systemic mastocytosis with associated
Hypokalemia (18%) [3] Half-life: 1–4 hours hematological neoplasm, or mast cell leukemia,
Hypomagnesemia (13%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous acute myeloid leukemia (FLT3 mutation-positive)
interactions with: amprenavir, aprepitant, in combination with cytarabine and daunorubicin
Hematologic atazanavir, atorvastatin, boceprevir, induction and cytarabine consolidation
Anemia (10%) [3] carbamazepine, chlorpheniramine, cimetidine, Class: Multikinase inhibitor
Febrile neutropenia (6%) clarithromycin, clorazepate, CNS depressants, Half-life: 21 hours
Hemolysis [3] cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Neutropenia (14%) alafenamide, cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/ interactions with: boceprevir, carbamazepine,
Sepsis (5%) tenofovir disoproxil, conivaptan, darunavir, clarithromycin, cobicistat, conivaptan, danoprevir,
Thrombocytopenia (15%) [2] dasabuvir/ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir, dasabuvir/ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir,
Local delavirdine, dexamethasone, efavirenz, diltiazem, elvitegravir, enzalutamide, grapefruit
Infusion-related reactions [2] enzalutamide, erythromycin, esomeprazole, juice, idelalisib, indinavir, itraconazole,
Other fluconazole, fluoxetine, fosamprenavir, grapefruit ketoconazole, lopinavir, mitotane, nefazodone,
Adverse effects [5] juice, griseofulvin, imatinib, indinavir, itraconazole, nelfinavir, ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir,
Infection (40%) ivermectin, ketoconazole, letermovir, lopinavir, phenytoin, posaconazole, rifampin, ritonavir,
nelfinavir, nevirapine, nilotinib, ombitasvir/ saquinavir, St John’s wort, stong CYP3A inducers
paritaprevir/ritonavir, phenobarbital, phenytoin, and inhibitors, tipranavir, troleandomycin,
posaconazole, primidone, ribociclib, rifabutin, voriconazole
MICONAZOLE rifampin, ritonavir, roxithromycin, saquinavir, St Pregnancy category: N/A (May cause fetal
John’s wort, telaprevir, telithromycin, tibolone, toxicity based on findings in animal studies)
Trade names: Monistat (Janssen), Oravig (Dara) tipranavir, voriconazole Important contra-indications noted in the
Indications: Fungal infections, oropharyngeal Pregnancy category: D prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
candidiasis mothers; pediatric patients
Class: Antibiotic, imidazole, Antifungal, azole
Half-life: initial: 40 minutes; terminal: 24 hours Skin
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Edema [2] Skin
interactions with: anisindione, anticoagulants, Pruritus [3] Cellulitis (5%)
astemizole, clopidogrel, dicumarol, gliclazide, Urticaria [2] Desquamation [2]
simvastatin, thioridazine, tolvaptan, vinblastine, Cardiovascular Edema (40%)
vincristine, warfarin Bradycardia [2] Erysipelas (5%)
Pregnancy category: C Hypotension [10] Hematoma (6%)
Important contra-indications noted in the Herpes zoster (10%)
Central Nervous System Hypersensitivity (4%)
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Agitation [3]
pediatric patients Rash (14%) [4]
Amnesia [38]
Dysphoria [2] Mucosal
Skin Hallucinations [2] Epistaxis (nosebleed) (12%)
Angioedema (2%) Sedation [2] Mucositis [2]
Contact dermatitis [2] Vertigo (dizziness) [2] Oropharyngeal pain (4%)
Dermatitis [11] Stomatitis [2]
Exanthems (2–87%) [5] Vomiting [4] Cardiovascular
Flushing (<2%) [2] Cardiac failure (6%)
Pruritus (2–36%) [3] Respiratory Cardiotoxicity [2]
Purpura (3–8%) Apnea [2] Hypotension (9%)
Rash (9%) Hypoxia [2] Myocardial infarction (4%)
Toxicity [2] Local Myocardial ischemia (4%)
Urticaria (2%) Injection-site pain (>10%) Pulmonary edema (3%)
Cardiovascular Injection-site reactions (>10%) QT prolongation (11%) [3]
Phlebitis (5–79%) [3] Other Central Nervous System
Central Nervous System Adverse effects [7] Altered mental status (4%)
Chills (>5%) Hiccups [3] Chills (5%)
Fever (27%) [2]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Headache (26%) [2]
Nausea [2] Impaired concentration (7%)
Local Insomnia (11%)
Injection-site pain (10%) Pain [2]
Other Tremor (6%)
Adverse effects [2] Vertigo (dizziness) (13%)
Arthralgia (19%)
Bone or joint pain (35%)
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual MILK THISTLE
Diarrhea (54%) [7] lovastatin, mibefradil, nefazodone, nelfinavir, Vaginitis (3%)

Dyspepsia (6%) NSAIDs, oral contraceptives, phenobarbital, Other
Gastritis (3%) phenytoin, pimozide, posaconazole, quinidine, Dipsia (thirst) (5–10%)
Gastrointestinal bleeding (14%) repaglinide, rifabutin, rifampin, rifapentine, Infection [3]
Nausea (82%) [12] ritonavir, ritonavir, saquinavir, simvastatin,
Vomiting (68%) [11] sirolimus, St John’s wort, tacrolimus, telaprevir,
Respiratory telithromycin, tenoxicam, triamcinolone,
Bronchitis (6%) verapamil, voriconazole, warfarin MIGALASTAT HYDRO-
Cough (18%) [2]
CHLORIDE *
Dyspnea (23%)
Pleural effusion (13%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Trade name: Galafold (Amicus Therapeutics US
Pneumonia (10%) [2] pediatric patients
Inc)
Pneumonitis (2%) [2] Note: Contra-indicated in pregnancy, with
Indications: indicated for the treatment of adults
Upper respiratory tract infection (30%) concurrent use of simvastatin or lovastatin and
with a confirmed diagnosis of Fabry disease and is
CYP3A substrates with narrow therapeutic range
Endocrine/Metabolic an amenable galactosidase alpha gene (GLA)
or long-term corticosteroid use, and in women
ALP increased (39%) variant
with a history of unexplained vaginal bleeding or
ALT increased (31%) [2] Class: Alpha-galactosidase A (alpha-Gal A)
with endometrial hyperplasia with atypia or
AST increased (32%) pharmacological chaperone
endometrial carcinoma.
GGT increased (35%) Half-life: ~4 hours
Warning: TERMINATION OF PREGNANCY
Hyperamylasemia (20%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Hyperbilirubinemia (29%) [2] interactions with: none known
Hyperglycemia (80%) [3] Skin Pregnancy category: N/A (available data are not
Hyperkalemia (23%) Edema (5–10%) sufficient to assess drug associated risks)
Hyperuricemia (37%) Peripheral edema (26%)
Hypoalbuminemia (27%) Pruritus (4%)
Mucosal
Hypocalcemia (39%) Rash (4%)
Epistaxis (nosebleed) (9%)
Hypokalemia (25%) [4] Mucosal Central Nervous System
Hypomagnesemia (20%) Xerostomia (18%)
Fever (12%)
Hyponatremia (34%) [2] Cardiovascular Headache (35%)
Hypophosphatemia (22%) Chest pain (5–10%)
Serum creatinine increased (25%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Hypertension (24%)
Weight gain (6%) Back pain (9%)
Genitourinary Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Anorexia (10%)
Urinary tract infection (16%) Abdominal pain (9%)
Anxiety (10%)
Diarrhea (9%)
Renal Chills (3–38%)
Nausea (12%)
Nephrotoxicity (11%) Fever (4%)
Vomiting (>5%)
Hematologic Headache (2–44%)
Insomnia (5–10%) Respiratory
Anemia (60%) [4]
Pain (14%) Cough (9%)
Febrile neutropenia (8%) [3]
Somnolence (drowsiness) (10%) Nasopharyngitis (18%)
Hyperlipasemia (37%)
Leukopenia (61%) [2] Vertigo (dizziness) (<22%) Genitourinary
Lymphopenia (66%) [2] Neuromuscular/Skeletal Urinary tract infection (15%)
Neutropenia (49%) [3] Arthralgia (30%)
Sepsis (9%) Asthenia (fatigue) (<48%)
Thrombocytopenia (50%) [3] Back pain (9–16%) MILK THISTLE
Other Myalgia/Myopathy (14%)
Infection [3] Pain in extremities (12%) Family: Asteraceae; Compositae
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Scientific names: Carduus marainum, Silibum
Abdominal pain (5–89%) [2] marianum
Indications: Dyspepsia, liver protectant,
MIFEPRISTONE Constipation (10%)
Diarrhea (12–20%) hepatitis, loss of appetite, spleen diseases,
Gastroesophageal reflux (5–10%) supportive treatment for mushroom poisoning
Trade names: Korlym (Corcept), Mifeprex
Nausea (43–61%) Class: Immunomodulator
(Danco)
Vomiting (16–26%) Half-life: N/A
Indications: Medical termination of intrauterine
pregnancy (Mifeprex), Cushing’s syndrome in Respiratory interactions with: simeprevir
patients with Type II diabetes (Korlym) Dyspnea (16%)
Class: Corticosteroid antagonist, CYP3A4 Nasopharyngitis (12%)
Note: Seed, as opposed to the above-ground
inhibitor, Progestogen antagonist Sinusitis (14%)
parts
Half-life: 85 hours Endocrine/Metabolic
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Adrenal insufficiency (4%)
interactions with: amprenavir, aprepitant, Other
atazanavir, boceprevir, bupropion, Adverse effects [3]
Hypoglycemia (5–10%)
carbamazepine, ciclesonide, ciprofloxacin, Hypokalemia (44%) [2]
clarithromycin, conivaptan, cyclosporine, Menstrual irregularities [2]
darunavir, dihydroergotamine, diltiazem,
efavirenz, ergotamine, erythromycin, fentanyl, Genitourinary
fluconazole, fluvastatin, fosamprenavir, grapefruit Metrorrhagia (5–10%)
juice, imatinib, indinavir, itraconazole, lopinavir, Uterine pain (83%)
Vaginal bleeding (5–10%)
MILNACIPRAN See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Pigmentation [125]
MILNACIPRAN MILRINONE Pruritus [7]
Purpura [4]
Trade name: Savella (Forest) Trade name: Primacor (Sanofi-Aventis) Rash [9]
Indications: Fibromyalgia Indications: Severe congestive heart failure Raynaud’s phenomenon [2]
Class: Antidepressant, Selective norepinepherine unresponsive to conventional maintenance Serum sickness [4]
reuptake inhibitor therapy, acute heart failure, including low output Serum sickness-like reaction (3–5%) [6]
Half-life: 6–8 hours states following cardiac surgery Stevens-Johnson syndrome [3]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Class: Phosphodiesterase inhibitor Sweet’s syndrome [4]
interactions with: alcohol, alpha / beta Half-life: 2.3 hours Urticaria [9]
argonists, antipsychotics, aspirin, clomipramine, Clinically important, potentially hazardous Vasculitis [13]
clonidine, CNS-active drugs, digoxin, droperidol, interactions with: anagrelide
epinephrine, levomepromazine, lithium, MAO Pregnancy category: C Hair
inhibitors, norepinephrine, NSAIDs, serotonergic Important contra-indications noted in the Alopecia [2]
drugs, sibutramine, St John’s wort, tryptophan, prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Nails
vitamin K antagonists pediatric patients Nail pigmentation (<5%) [19]
Pregnancy category: C Photo-onycholysis [2]
Important contra-indications noted in the Cardiovascular Mucosal
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Arrhythmias [2] Black tongue [2]
mothers; pediatric patients Hypotension (<10%) [7] Gingival pigmentation (8%) [2]
Note: Contra-indicated in patients with Supraventricular arrhythmias (<10%) Oral pigmentation (7%) [22]
uncontrolled narrow-angle glaucoma. Vasodilation [2]
Warning: SUICIDALITY AND Cardiovascular
Ventricular tachycardia (<10%) Polyarteritis nodosa [12]
ANTIDEPRESSANT DRUGS
Headache (<10%) Fever [2]
Skin
Flushing (4%) Headache [6]
Hot flashes (12%) Intracranial pressure increased [4]
Hyperhidrosis (9%) [6] MINOCYCLINE Pseudotumor cerebri [14]
Pruritus (2%) Vertigo (dizziness) [8]
Rash (4%) Trade names: Dynacin (Medicis), Minocin Neuromuscular/Skeletal
(Wyeth), Solodyn (Medicis) Arthralgia [6]
Mucosal Indications: Various infections caused by
Xerostomia (5%) Asthenia (fatigue) [4]
susceptible organisms Black bone disease [6]
Cardiovascular Class: Antibiotic, tetracycline, Disease-modifying Myalgia/Myopathy [7]
Chest pain (2%) antirheumatic drug (DMARD)
Hypertension (4%) [4] Half-life: 11–23 hours Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Palpitation (7%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous Abdominal pain [2]
Tachycardia (2%) [2] interactions with: acitretin, aluminum, Diarrhea [2]
amoxicillin, ampicillin, antacids, bacampicillin, Hepatitis [11]
Central Nervous System Hepatotoxicity [20]
Anxiety (3%) BCG vaccine, bismuth, carbenicillin, cloxacillin,
coumarins, digoxin, ergotamine, estradiol, Nausea [6]
Chills (2%) Pancreatitis [2]
Headache (17%) [7] estrogens, isotretinoin, kaolin, magnesium salts,
methotrexate, methoxyflurane, methysergide, Vomiting [3]
Hypoesthesia (2%)
Insomnia (12%) [2] mezlocillin, nafcillin, oral iron, oral typhoid Respiratory
Migraine (4%) vaccine, oxacillin, penicillin G, penicillin V, Eosinophilic pneumonia [5]
Paresthesias (3%) penicillins, phenindione, piperacillin, quinapril, Pneumonitis [2]
Serotonin syndrome [2] retinoids, St John’s wort, strontium ranelate, Endocrine/Metabolic
Tremor (2%) sucralfate, sulfonylureas, ticarcillin, tripotassium Black thyroid syndrome [5]
Vertigo (dizziness) (10%) [3] dicitratobismuthate, vitamin A, zinc Galactorrhea (black) [2]
Pregnancy category: D Thyroid dysfunction [2]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Important contra-indications noted in the
Abdominal pain (3%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Otic
Constipation (15%) [6] pediatric patients Tinnitus [2]
Nausea (39%) [17] Ocular
Vomiting (7%) Conjunctival pigmentation [2]
Skin
Respiratory Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [3] Diplopia [2]
Dyspnea (2%) Angioedema [2] Papilledema [2]
Upper respiratory tract infection (6%) Candidiasis [2] Scleral pigmentation [5]
Endocrine/Metabolic Cellulitis [2] Other
Appetite decreased (2%) DRESS syndrome [14] Adverse effects [5]
Genitourinary Erythema multiforme [2] Tooth pigmentation (primarily in children)
Dysuria (>2%) [2] Erythema nodosum [2] (>10%) [22]
Ejaculatory dysfunction (>2%) [2] Exanthems [5]
Ocular Fixed eruption [8]
Vision blurred (2%) Folliculitis [2]
Other Hypersensitivity [25]
Adverse effects [3] Livedo reticularis [3]
Photosensitivity (<10%) [9]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual MISOPROSTOL
Vertigo (dizziness) (3%) [2] Hepatotoxicity [3]

MINOXIDIL Neuromuscular/Skeletal Pancreatitis [3]
Arthralgia (<2%) Vomiting (<10%)
Trade names: Loniten (Par), Rogaine (Pfizer)
(topical) Back pain (3%) Respiratory
Indications: Hypertension, androgenetic Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Flu-like syndrome (<10%)
alopecia Constipation (2–3%) [4] Endocrine/Metabolic
Class: Vasodilator Diarrhea (<2%) ALT increased (2%)
Half-life: 4.2 hours Gastrointestinal disorder [2] Appetite increased (12%) [2]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Respiratory Galactorrhea [2]
interactions with: acebutolol, alcohol, alfuzosin, Influenza (3%) Gynecomastia [2]
captopril, cilazapril, diclofenac, enalapril, Nasopharyngitis (4%) [2] Weight gain (12%) [10]
fosinopril, guanethidine, levodopa, Sinusitis (<3%) Other
levomepromazine, lisinopril, meloxicam, Upper respiratory tract infection (2%) Adverse effects [2]
olmesartan, quinapril, ramipril, trandolapril,
triamcinolone, trifluoperazine Genitourinary
Pregnancy category: C Cystitis (2%)
Note: Topical [T]. Dysuria [2] MISOPROSTOL
Urinary tract infection (3–6%) [4]
Other Trade names: Arthrotec (Pfizer), Cytotec
Skin (Pfizer)
Bullous dermatitis [2] Adverse effects [4]
Indications: Prevention of NSAID-induced ulcer
Dermatitis [T] (7%) [18] Class: Corticosteroid antagonist, Progestogen
Eczema [2] antagonist
Edema [T] (>10%) [2] MIRTAZAPINE Half-life: 20–40 minutes
Exanthems [4] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Irritation [2] Trade name: Remeron (Organon) interactions with: none known
Lupus erythematosus [3] Indications: Depression Pregnancy category: X
Peripheral edema (7%) Class: Adrenergic alpha-receptor agonist, Important contra-indications noted in the
Pruritus [T] [10] Antidepressant, tetracyclic prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Stevens-Johnson syndrome [2] Half-life: 20–40 hours pediatric patients
Xerosis [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous Note: Arthrotec is diclofenac and misoprostol.
Hair interactions with: linezolid, tapentadol,
Alopecia [T] [2] venlafaxine
Pregnancy category: C Skin
Hair pigmentation [2] Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [2]
Hirsutism (in women) (100%) [4] Warning: SUICIDALITY AND
Hypertrichosis (80–100%) [23] ANTIDEPRESSANT DRUGS Central Nervous System
Chills [7]
Cardiovascular Dysgeusia (taste perversion) [2]
Palpitation [3] Skin
Diaphoresis [2] Fever [14]
Pericardial effusion [2] Headache (2%)
Edema (<10%) [2]
Central Nervous System Peripheral edema (<10%) Shivering (17%) [9]
Headache [2] Pigmentation [2] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Vertigo (dizziness) [2] Rash (<10%) Abdominal pain (7%) [8]
Respiratory Mucosal Diarrhea (13%)
Pleural effusion [2] Glossitis (<10%) Dyspepsia (2%)
Xerostomia (25%) [3] Flatulence (3%)
Nausea (3%) [5]
Central Nervous System Vomiting [5]
MIRABEGRON Abnormal dreams (4%)
Anorexia (<10%) Other
Trade name: Myrbetriq (Astellas) Cognitive impairment [2] Adverse effects [6]
Indications: Overactive bladder Headache [2]
Class: Beta-3 adrenergic agonist Mania [2]
Half-life: 50 hours Neurotoxicity [3]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Nightmares [3]
interactions with: antimuscarinics, desipramine, Restless legs syndrome [9]
digoxin, flecainide, metoprolol, propafenone, Sedation [4]
thioridazine Seizures [3]
Pregnancy category: C Serotonin syndrome [7]
Important contra-indications noted in the Somnolence (drowsiness) (54%) [10]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Tremor (<10%) [2]
pediatric patients Vertigo (dizziness) (7%) [2]
Mucosal Arthralgia [4]
Xerostomia (3%) [6] Asthenia (fatigue) [7]
Cardiovascular Myalgia/Myopathy (<10%)
Hypertension (8–11%) [7] Rhabdomyolysis [4]
Tachycardia (<2%) [3] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Central Nervous System Abdominal pain (<10%)
Headache (2–4%) [4] Constipation (<10%) [2]
MISTLETOE Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
MISTLETOE MITOMYCIN MITOXANTRONE

Family: Loranthacae; Viscaceae Synonyms: mitomycin-C; MTC Trade name: Novantrone (OSI)
Scientific names: Phoradendron flavescens, Trade name: Mutamycin (Bristol-Myers Squibb) Indications: Acute myelogenous leukemia,
Phoradendron leucarpum, Phoradendron Indications: Carcinomas multiple sclerosis, prostate cancer
macrophyllum, Phoradendron rubrum, Phoradendron Class: Alkylating agent, Antibiotic, anthracycline Class: Antibiotic, anthracycline, Antineoplastic
serotinum, Phoradendron tomentosum, Viscum Half-life: 23–78 minutes Half-life: median terminal: 75 hours
album Clinically important, potentially hazardous Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Indications: Injected: adjuvant tumor therapy. interactions with: aldesleukin interactions with: aldesleukin, safinamide
Oral: abortifacient, arteriosclerosis, arthritis, Pregnancy category: D Pregnancy category: D
asthma, colds, depression, headache, HIV Important contra-indications noted in the Important contra-indications noted in the
infection, hypertension, hypotension, hysteria, prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
labor pain, lumbago, metrorrhagia, muscle pediatric patients pediatric patients
spasms, otitis, whooping cough, hemorrhoids,
internal bleeding, gout, sleep disorders, Skin Skin
amenorrhea, liver and gallbladder conditions Dermatitis [9] Diaphoresis (<10%)
Class: Immunomodulator Erythema multiforme [2] Ecchymoses (7%)
Half-life: N/A Exanthems [2] Edema (>10%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Exfoliative dermatitis [2] Fungal dermatitis (>15%)
interactions with: bepridil, clevidipine, Hand–foot syndrome [2] Peripheral edema [2]
corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, MAO Thrombocytopenic purpura [2] Petechiae (>10%)
inhibitors, squill Purpura (>10%)
Pregnancy category: N/A Hair
Note: Purified extracts injected intramuscularly, Alopecia (<10%) [2] Hair
subcutaneously or by intravenous infusion. Unless Nails Alopecia (20–60%) [7]
otherwise indicated, side effects listed are from Nail pigmentation (purple) (<10%) Cardiovascular
injected preparations. The FDA considers Viscum Mucosal Cardiac failure [2]
album unsafe. Oral lesions (2–8%) [4] Cardiotoxicity [4]
The well-known mistletoe is an evergreen Oral ulceration (<10%) Congestive heart failure [3]
parasitic plant, growing on the branches of some Stomatitis (>10%) Central Nervous System
tree species. Shakespeare calls it ?the baleful Chills (<10%)
mistletoe,? an illusion to the Scandinavian legend Cardiovascular
that Balder, the god of Peace, was slain with an Congestive heart failure (3–15%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
arrow made of mistletoe. Veno-occlusive disease [2] Diarrhea [2]
Central Nervous System Nausea [6]
Anorexia (14%) Vomiting [3]
Skin
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis (28%) Fever (14%) Endocrine/Metabolic
[3] Paresthesias (<10%) Amenorrhea [4]
Erythema [3] Neuromuscular/Skeletal Menstrual irregularities [2]
Pruritus [2] Asthenia (fatigue) [2] Genitourinary
Mucosal Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Urinary tract infection [2]
Gingivitis [2] Nausea (14%) Hematologic
Cardiovascular Vomiting (14%) Anemia [2]
Hypertension [2] Respiratory Febrile neutropenia [2]
Cough (7%) Leukemia [4]
Central Nervous System Leukopenia [4]
Chills [4] Pneumonitis [2]
Neutropenia [6]
Fever [6] Renal Thrombocytopenia [2]
Headache [2] Nephrotoxicity [2]
Other
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Hematologic Death [2]
Hepatotoxicity [3] Anemia (19–24%) Infection (>66%) [3]
Nausea [2] Hemolytic uremic syndrome [41]
Respiratory Neutropenia [2]
Flu-like syndrome [3] Ocular MODAFINIL
Local Epiphora [2]
Injection-site edema [2] Keratitis [2] Trade name: Provigil (Cephalon)
Injection-site inflammation [8] Ocular toxicity [3] Indications: Narcolepsy
Injection-site reactions [5] Local Class: Analeptic, CNS stimulant, CYP1A2
Other Injection-site cellulitis (>10%) inducer, CYP3A4 inducer
Adverse effects [8] Injection-site necrosis (>10%) [3] Half-life: ~15 hours
Allergic reactions [4] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Death (low incidence – accidental ingestion) interactions with: elbasvir & grazoprevir,
[4] enzalutamide, neratinib, olaparib, oral
contraceptives, palbociclib, sonidegib,
thalidomide, venetoclax
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual MOXIDECTIN
Pregnancy category: C Mucosal

Important contra-indications noted in the MONTELUKAST Xerostomia (>10%) [8]
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Cardiovascular
mothers; pediatric patients Trade name: Singulair (Merck)
Indications: Asthma Cardiotoxicity [3]
Class: Leukotriene receptor antagonist Hypotension [5]
Skin Half-life: 2.7–5.5 hours Central Nervous System
Fixed eruption [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous Allodynia [4]
Mucosal interactions with: prednisone Confusion [2]
Xerostomia (5%) Pregnancy category: B Hallucinations [4]
Cardiovascular Important contra-indications noted in the Hyperalgesia [10]
Hypertension [2] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers Sedation [2]
Palpitation [2] Somnolence (drowsiness) [5]
Skin Trembling (<10%)
Central Nervous System Vertigo (dizziness) [5]
Agitation [2] Angioedema [3]
Chills (2%) Churg-Strauss syndrome [27] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Hallucinations [2] Rash (2%) [2] Myoclonus [5]
Headache (28%) [13] Urticaria (2%) Rhabdomyolysis [2]
Insomnia (5%) [6] Central Nervous System Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Nervousness [2] Aggression [3] Constipation [7]
Paresthesias (3%) Anxiety [2] Nausea [16]
Psychosis [2] Depression [3] Vomiting [13]
Vertigo (dizziness) (5%) [3] Hallucinations [2] Respiratory
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Headache [4] Respiratory depression [6]
Back pain (6%) Irritability [2]
Neurotoxicity [5] Endocrine/Metabolic
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Nightmares [2] Amenorrhea [2]
Abdominal pain [2] Sleep disturbances [3] Genitourinary
Diarrhea (6%) [3] Suicidal ideation [2] Urinary retention [2]
Nausea (11%) [6]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Local
Respiratory Abdominal pain [2] Injection-site pain (>10%)
Rhinitis (7%) Hepatotoxicity [3] Other
Ocular Respiratory Adverse effects [2]
Hallucinations, visual [2] Cough [2] Death [3]
Other Flu-like syndrome (<10%) Hiccups [3]
Adverse effects [3] Other
Adverse effects [3]
MOXIDECTIN *
MONOSODIUM
GLUTAMATE MORPHINE Trade name: Moxidectin (Medicines
Development for Global Health)
Trade names: Avinza (Ligand), Duramorph Indications: treatment of onchocerciasis due to
Family: N/A Onchocerca volvulus in patients aged 12 years
(Baxter) (Elkins-Sinn), Infumorph (Baxter), Kadian
Scientific name: Monosodium glutamate and older
(aaiPharma), Morphabond (Inspirion), MS Contin
Indications: Food additive, flavor enhancer Class: Anthelmintic
(Purdue), MSIR Oral (Purdue), Roxanol
Class: Food additive Half-life: 23 days
(aaiPharma)
Half-life: N/A Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Indications: Severe pain, acute myocardial
Clinically important, potentially hazardous interactions with: none known
infarction
interactions with: BCG vaccine, MAO inhibitors Pregnancy category: N/A (Limited available
Class: Opiate agonist
Pregnancy category: N/A data is insufficient to establish risk)
Note: The US Food & Drug Administration has
determined that MSG is a safe food ingredient if
interactions with: buprenorphine, cimetidine, Skin
used in moderation. Only a very small subset of
furazolidone, MAO inhibitors, metformin, Lymphoma (>10%)
individuals is allergic to MSG.
mianserin, pentazocine, rifapentine, trospium Peripheral edema (>10%)
The etiologic agent of Chinese Restaurant
Pregnancy category: C Pruritus (>10%)
Syndrome.
Important contra-indications noted in the Rash (>10%)
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Urticaria (>10%)
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [2] Cardiovascular
Warning: ADDICTION, ABUSE, AND MISUSE;
Angioedema [5] Hypotension (>10%)
LIFETHREATENING RESPIRATORY
Atopic dermatitis [2] Orthostatic hypotension (>10%)
DEPRESSION; ACCIDENTAL INGESTION;
Churg-Strauss syndrome [2] Tachycardia (>10%)
NEONATAL OPIOID WITHDRAWAL
Sensitivity [2] SYNDROME; and INTERACTION WITH Central Nervous System
Urticaria [5] ALCOHOL Fever (>10%)
Central Nervous System Headache (>10%)
Headache [6] Pain (>10%)
Skin Vertigo (dizziness) (>10%)
Hypoesthesia [2] AGEP [3]
Paresthesias [2] Edema [2] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Pruritus (5–65%) [39] Arthralgia (>10%)
MOXIDECTIN See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Back pain (>10%) taking corticosteroid drugs, and in patients with norfloxacin, ofloxacin, pantoprazole, rifapentine,
Myalgia/Myopathy (>10%) kidney, heart or lung transplants. sevelamer, tacrolimus, vaccines
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Fluoroquinolones may exacerbate muscle Pregnancy category: D
Abdominal pain (>10%) weakness in persons with myasthenia gravis. Important contra-indications noted in the
Diarrhea (>10%) Moxeza is for topical ophthalmic use only. prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Enteritis (>10%) Warning: SERIOUS ADVERSE REACTIONS mothers; pediatric patients
Gastroenteritis (>10%) INCLUDING TENDINITIS, TENDON Warning: EMBRYOFETAL TOXICITY,
RUPTURE, PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY, MALIGNANCIES AND SERIOUS INFECTIONS
Respiratory CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM EFFECTS and
Cough (>10%) EXACERBATION OF MYASTHENIA GRAVIS
Influenza (>10%) Skin
Acneform eruption (>10%) [3]
Endocrine/Metabolic Skin Carcinoma (non-melanoma) (4%)
ALT increased (<5%) AGEP [2] Edema (12%)
AST increased (<5%) Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [5] Herpes simplex [3]
Hyperbilirubinemia (<5%) Bullous dermatitis [2] Herpes zoster [7]
Hyponatremia (>10%) Hypersensitivity [6] Peripheral edema (29%)
Hematologic Photosensitivity [5] Rash (8%) [2]
Eosinophilia (>10%) Pruritus [3] Warts [2]
Leukocytosis (>10%) Rash [4] Hair
Lymphopenia (>10%) Thrombocytopenic purpura [2] Alopecia [4]
Neutropenia (>10%) Toxic epidermal necrolysis [2]
Urticaria [3] Mucosal
Ocular Gingival hyperplasia/hypertrophy [2]
Conjunctival hyperemia (<10%) Cardiovascular Oral candidiasis (10%)
Conjunctivitis (<10%) Phlebitis [2] Oral ulceration [5]
Eyelid edema (<10%) QT prolongation [15]
Foreign body sensation (<10%) Torsades de pointes [8] Cardiovascular
Lacrimation (<10%) Hypertension [4]
Central Nervous System Thrombophlebitis (<10%)
Ocular hyperemia (<10%) Delirium [2]
Ocular pain (<10%) Dysgeusia (taste perversion) [3] Central Nervous System
Ocular pruritus (<10%) Hallucinations [2] Encephalopathy [2]
Vision blurred (<10%) Headache (4%) [5] Fever [3]
Vision impaired (<10%) Somnolence (drowsiness) [2] Headache (>20%) [5]
Vertigo (dizziness) (3%) [6] Insomnia [3]
MOXIFLOXACIN Myasthenia gravis (exacerbation) [2]
Neurotoxicity [2]
Pain (>20%)
Tendinopathy/Tendon rupture [3] Tremor (11%)
Trade names: Avelox (Bayer), Moxeza (Alcon)
Indications: Various infections caused by Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Neuromuscular/Skeletal
susceptible organisms Abdominal pain [5] Arthralgia [4]
Class: Antibiotic, fluoroquinolone Diarrhea (6%) [6] Asthenia (fatigue) [6]
Half-life: 12 hours Gastrointestinal disorder [2] Back pain (6%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Hepatotoxicity [3] Myalgia/Myopathy [4]
interactions with: alfuzosin, aminophylline, Nausea (7%) [9]
Vomiting [5] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
amiodarone, amitriptyline, antacids, arsenic, Abdominal distension [2]
artemether/lumefantrine, asenapine, Otic Abdominal pain [6]
atomoxetine, BCG vaccine, benperidol, bepridil, Tinnitus [2] Colitis [3]
bretylium, chloroquine, ciprofloxacin, Local Diarrhea [14]
corticosteroids, cyclosporine, degarelix, Injection-site reactions [2] Hepatotoxicity [5]
didanosine, disopyramide, dronedarone, Nausea [5]
droperidol, erythromycin, gadobutrol, Other
Adverse effects [8] Vomiting [5]
haloperidol, hydroxychloroquine, insulin,
lanthanum, levomepromazine, magnesium salts, Respiratory
mefloquine, mizolastine, mycophenolate, Bronchitis [2]
nilotinib, NSAIDs, oral iron, oral typhoid vaccine, MYCOPHENOLATE Cough [2]
pentamidine, phenothiazines, pimavanserin,
pimozide, probenecid, procainamide, QT Synonyms: mycophenolate mofetil, Endocrine/Metabolic
prolonging agents, quinapril, quinidine, quinine, mycophenolate sodium ALT increased [2]
ribociclib, sevelamer, sotalol, strontium ranelate, Trade names: CellCept (Roche), Myfortic Hyperglycemia [4]
sucralfate, sulfonylureas, tetrabenazine, (Novartis) Hyperlipidemia [3]
thioridazine, tricyclic antidepressants, vandetanib, Indications: Prophylaxis of organ rejection Genitourinary
vitamin K antagonists, warfarin, zinc, ziprasidone, Class: Immunosuppressant Urinary tract infection [3]
zolmitriptan, zuclopenthixol Half-life: 18 hours
Pregnancy category: C Clinically important, potentially hazardous Renal
Important contra-indications noted in the interactions with: antacids, azathioprine, Nephrotoxicity [3]
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing basiliximab, belatacept, cholestyramine, Hematologic
mothers; pediatric patients ciprofloxacin, corticosteroids, cyclophosphamide, Anemia (>20%) [2]
Note: Fluoroquinolones are associated with an cyclosporine, daclizumab, gemifloxacin, Bone marrow suppression [2]
increased risk of tendinitis and tendon rupture in Hemophilus B vaccine, levofloxacin, Dyslipidemia [2]
all ages. This risk is further increased in older mercaptopurine, metronidazole, moxifloxacin, Leukopenia [5]
patients usually over 60 years of age, in patients Lymphopenia [3]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual NALDEMEDINE
Myelotoxicity [2] Pregnancy category: C bradycardia and greater than first degree
Neutropenia [4] Important contra-indications noted in the conduction block, cardiogenic shock, and overt
Thrombocytopenia [4] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; cardiac failure.
Other pediatric patients
Adverse effects [21] Note: NSAIDs may cause an increased risk of Skin
Death [2] serious cardiovascular and gastrointestinal Edema (<5%)
Infection (12–20%) [18] adverse events, which can be fatal. This risk may Psoriasis [4]
Teratogenicity [4] increase with duration of use. Raynaud’s phenomenon (2%) [2]
Warning: CARDIOVASCULAR AND
GASTROINTESTINAL RISKS Cardiovascular
Bradycardia (2%)
MYRRH Skin Central Nervous System
Diaphoresis (<3%) Hypoesthesia (fingers and toes) (>5%)
Family: Burseraceae Paresthesias (>5%)
Scientific names: Commiphora abyssinica, Edema (3–9%)
Erythema [2] Vertigo (dizziness) (2%)
Commiphora erythraea, Commiphora habessinica,
Commiphora kataf, Commiphora madagascariensis, Hypersensitivity [3] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Commiphora molmol, Commiphora myrrh Photosensitivity [2] Asthenia (fatigue) (2%)
Indications: Fascioliasis, schistosomiasis, ulcers, Pruritus (3–9%) [2] Other
eczema, catarrh, amenorrhea, gum disease, Rash (3–9%) [4] Adverse effects [4]
aphthous stomatitis Mucosal
Class: Anthelmintic, Anti-inflammatory Stomatitis (<3%)
Half-life: N/A Xerostomia (<3%)
NALBUPHINE
interactions with: none known Headache (3–9%) [2] Trade name: Nubain (Endo)
Pregnancy category: N/A Insomnia (3–9%) Indications: Moderate to severe pain
Nervousness (3–9%) Class: Opiate agonist
Skin Somnolence (drowsiness) (3–9%) Half-life: 5 hours
Dermatitis [5] Vertigo (dizziness) (3–9%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Gastrointestinal/Hepatic interactions with: CNS depressants, diazepam,
Asthenia (fatigue) (2%) Abdominal pain (12%) [5] hydrocodone, hydromorphone, oxymorphone,
Constipation (3–9%) pentobarbital, promethazine, tapentadol
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Pregnancy category: B
Abdominal pain (2%) Diarrhea (14%) [5]
Dyspepsia (13%) [4] Note: Nalbuphine contains sulfites.
Flatulence (3–9%)
Gastrointestinal ulceration [3] Skin
NABILONE Hepatotoxicity [2] Clammy skin (9%)
Nausea (3–9%) [2] Diaphoresis (9%)
Trade name: Cesamet (Valeant) Vomiting (3–9%)
Indications: Nausea and vomiting Mucosal
Class: Antiemetic, Cannabinoid Endocrine/Metabolic Xerostomia (4%)
Half-life: 2 hours Pseudoporphyria [8] Central Nervous System
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Renal Vertigo (dizziness) (5%)
interactions with: CNS depressants Nephrotoxicity [2] Local
Pregnancy category: C Otic Injection-site pain [4]
Tinnitus (<10%)
Mucosal Other
Xerostomia [6] Adverse effects [6] NALDEMEDINE
Cardiovascular
Hypotension [8] Trade name: Symproic (Shionogi)
Central Nervous System NADOLOL Indications: Opioid-induced constipation in adult
patients with chronic non-cancer pain
Dyskinesia [3]
Euphoria [2] Trade name: Corzide (Monarch) Class: Opioid antagonist
Somnolence (drowsiness) [3] Indications: Hypertension, angina pectoris Half-life: 11 hours
Vertigo (dizziness) [15] Class: Adrenergic beta-receptor antagonist, Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Antiarrhythmic class II interactions with: amiodarone, aprepitant,
Neuromuscular/Skeletal atazanavir, captopril, carbamazepine,
Asthenia (fatigue) [5] Half-life: 10–24 hours
Clinically important, potentially hazardous clarithromycin, cyclosporine, diltiazem,
interactions with: clonidine, epinephrine, erythromycin, fluconazole, itraconazole,
verapamil ketoconazole, moderate or strong CYP3A
NABUMETONE Pregnancy category: C inhibitors, other opioid antagonists, P-gp
Important contra-indications noted in the inhibitors, phenytoin, quercetin, quinidine,
Trade name: Relafen (GSK) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; rifampin, ritonavir, saquinavir, St John’s wort,
Indications: Arthritis pediatric patients strong CYP3A inducers, verapamil
Class: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID) Note: Corzide is nadolol and
Half-life: 22.5–30 hours bendroflumethiazide. Cutaneous side effects of
Clinically important, potentially hazardous beta-receptor blockers are clinically
interactions with: methotrexate polymorphous. They apparently appear after
several months of continuous therapy. Contra-
indicated in patients with bronchial asthma, sinus
NALDEMEDINE Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Pregnancy category: N/A (Potential for opioid indicated in acute hepatitis or liver failure; patients
withdrawal in fetus) NALOXONE receiving opioid analgesics, with current
Important contra-indications noted in the physiologic opioid dependence, or in acute opioid
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Trade names: Suboxone (Reckitt Benckiser), withdrawal.
pediatric patients Talwin-NX (Sanofi-Aventis), Targiniq (Purdue)
Note: Contra-indicated in patients with known Indications: Narcotic overdose
Class: Opioid antagonist Skin
or suspected gastrointestinal obstruction. Opioid Pruritus [2]
withdrawal symptoms have occurred in patients Half-life: <1.5 hours
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Rash (<10%)
treated with naldemedine.
interactions with: cobicistat/elvitegravir/ Cardiovascular
emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide, cobicistat/ Hypertension [4]
Skin elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil,
Hypersensitivity (<2%) Central Nervous System
thioridazine Anxiety [2]
Rash (<2%) Pregnancy category: C Chills (<10%)
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Important contra-indications noted in the Compulsions [2]
Abdominal pain (8–11%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers Depression [2]
Diarrhea (7%) [4] Note: Subuxone contains buprenorphine; Headache [5]
Gastroenteritis (2–3%) Targiniq is naloxone and oxycodone. Insomnia [5]
Nausea (4–6%) Seizures [2]
Vomiting (3%) Skin Somnolence (drowsiness) [2]
Respiratory Diaphoresis (<10%) Vertigo (dizziness) [5]
Bronchospasm (<2%) Pruritus [2] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Other Rash (<10%) Arthralgia (>10%)
Adverse effects [3] Mucosal Asthenia (fatigue) [3]
Xerostomia [2] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Cardiovascular Constipation [6]
NALOXEGOL Arrhythmias [2] Hepatotoxicity [5]
Bradycardia [2] Nausea [10]
Trade name: Movantik (AstraZeneca) Hypertension [8] Vomiting [6]
Indications: Opioid-induced constipation Hypotension [2] Respiratory
Class: Opioid receptor antagonist Pulmonary edema [2] Influenza [2]
Half-life: 6–11 hours Central Nervous System Nasopharyngitis [2]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Headache [4]
interactions with: diltiazem, erythromycin, Local
Seizures [5] Injection-site pain [2]
grapefruit juice, verapamil Somnolence (drowsiness) [3]
Pregnancy category: C Injection-site reactions [5]
Important contra-indications noted in the Neuromuscular/Skeletal Other
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Asthenia (fatigue) [3] Adverse effects [3]
pediatric patients Myoclonus [2]
Note: Contra-indicated in patients with known Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
or suspected gastrointestinal obstruction, patients
at increased risk of recurrent gastrointestinal
Constipation [7]
Nausea [4]
NANDROLONE
obstruction, and patients concomitantly using Vomiting [2] Trade name: Deca-Durabolin (Organon)
strong CYP3A4 inhibitors.
Other Indications: Anemia of renal insufficiency,
Adverse effects [5] control of metastatic breast cancer, osteoporosis
Skin Death [2] in post-menopausal women
Hyperhidrosis (<3%) Class: Anabolic steroid
Central Nervous System Half-life: 6–14 days
Headache (4%) [3] NALTREXONE interactions with: acenocoumarol, anisindione,
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic anticoagulants, dabigatran, danaparoid,
Abdominal pain (12–21%) [5] Trade names: Contrave (Takeda), Depade
(Mallinckrodt), Nalorex (Bristol-Myers Squibb), fondaparinux, heparin, warfarin
Diarrhea (6–9%) [5] Pregnancy category: X
Flatulence (3–6%) [2] Opizone (Genus), ReVia (Meda), Troxyca (Pfizer),
Vivitrex (Alkermes), Vivitrol (Alkermes) Important contra-indications noted in the
Nausea (7–8%) [5] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Vomiting (3–5%) Indications: Substance abuse, opioid
dependence, alcohol dependence pediatric patients
Other Class: Opioid antagonist Note: Deca Durabolin contains Arachis oil
Adverse effects [2] Half-life: 4 hours (peanut oil) and should not be taken / applied by
Clinically important, potentially hazardous patients known to be allergic to peanut.
interactions with: lofexidine, opioid analgesics,
opioid containing medications Hair
Pregnancy category: C Hirsutism [3]
Important contra-indications noted in the Other
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Adverse effects [2]
pediatric patients
Note: Naltrexone has the capacity to cause
hepatocellular injury when given in excessive
doses.
Troxyca is naltrexone and oxycodone. Contra-
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual NECITUMUMAB
Renal
NAPROXEN Nephrotoxicity [3] NATEGLINIDE
Trade names: Aleve (Bayer), Naprosyn (Roche), Hematologic Trade name: Starlix (Novartis)
Synflex (Roche) Thrombocytopenia [2] Indications: Diabetes Type II
Indications: Pain, arthritis Otic Class: Meglitinide
Class: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID) Tinnitus [2] Half-life: 1.5 hours
Half-life: 15 hours Other Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Adverse effects [11] interactions with: none known
interactions with: methotrexate, methyl Death [2] Pregnancy category: C
salicylate, prednisolone Side effects (5–9%) [3] Important contra-indications noted in the
Pregnancy category: C prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Important contra-indications noted in the pediatric patients
mothers; pediatric patients NATALIZUMAB Respiratory
Note: NSAIDs may cause an increased risk of Flu-like syndrome (4%)
serious cardiovascular and gastrointestinal Synonym: antegren
adverse events, which can be fatal. This risk may Trade name: Tysabri (Biogen)
increase with duration of use. Indications: Multiple sclerosis, Crohn’s disease
Class: Immunomodulator, Monoclonal antibody NEBIVOLOL
Half-life: 11 days
Skin Clinically important, potentially hazardous Trade names: Bystolic (Forest), Byvalson
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [2] interactions with: abatacept, alefacept, (Forest), Nebilet (Menarini)
Angioedema [5] azacitidine, azathioprine, betamethasone, Indications: Hypertension
Bullous dermatitis [5] cabazitaxel, certolizumab, cortocosteroids, Class: Adrenergic beta-receptor antagonist, Beta
Diaphoresis (<3%) [3] cyclosporine, denileukin, docetaxel, fingolimod, blocker
DRESS syndrome [4] gefitinib, leflunomide, lenalidomide, Half-life: 8 hours
Ecchymoses (3–9%) mercaptopurine, methotrexate, oxaliplatin, Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Edema (<9%) pazopanib, pemetrexed, rilonacept, temsirolimus, interactions with: beta blockers, cinacalcet,
Erythema multiforme [2] triamcinolone, vedolizumab clonidine, CYP2D6 inhibitors, delavirdine, digitalis
Exanthems (<14%) [9] Pregnancy category: C glycosides, duloxetine, terbinafine, tipranavir
Fixed eruption [26] Important contra-indications noted in the Pregnancy category: C
Hypersensitivity [2] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Important contra-indications noted in the
Lichen planus [3] pediatric patients prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Lichenoid eruption [3] Note: Contra-indicated in patients who have or pediatric patients
Lupus erythematosus [2] have had progressive multifocal Note: Byvalson is nebivolol and valsartan.
Photosensitivity [16] leukoencephalopathy. Warning: Byvalson: FETAL TOXICITY
Pruritus (3–17%) [5] Warning: PROGRESSIVE MULTIFOCAL
Purpura (<3%) [4] LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHY
Pustules [2] Cardiovascular
Rash (3–9%) [2] Bradycardia [3]
Toxic epidermal necrolysis [5] Skin Central Nervous System
Urticaria (<5%) [6] Dermatitis (6%) Headache (6–9%) [9]
Vasculitis [9] Herpes simplex [2] Vertigo (dizziness) (2–4%) [5]
Hair Pruritus (4%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Alopecia [3] Rash (9%) Asthenia (fatigue) (2–5%) [4]
Mucosal Central Nervous System Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Stomatitis (<3%) Depression (17%) Diarrhea (<2%)
Xerostomia [2] Headache (35%) [3] Nausea (<3%)
Cardiovascular Leukoencephalopathy [77] Respiratory
Chest pain [2] Tremor (3%) Nasopharyngitis [3]
Myocardial infarction [2] Neuromuscular/Skeletal Upper respiratory tract infection [3]
Central Nervous System Asthenia (fatigue) (24%) [4] Other
Somnolence (drowsiness) [2] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Adverse effects [3]
Vertigo (dizziness) [6] Hepatotoxicity [4]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Genitourinary
Leg cramps [2] Vaginitis (8%) NECITUMUMAB
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Local
Abdominal pain [4] Trade name: Portrazza (Lilly)
Application-site reactions (22%) Indications: Metastatic squamous non-small cell
Constipation [2] Infusion-related reactions [3]
Diarrhea [3] lung cancer (in combination with cisplatin and
Infusion-site reactions [2] gemcitabine)
Dyspepsia [9]
Hepatotoxicity [4] Other Class: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)
Nausea [10] Adverse effects [5] inhibitor, Monoclonal antibody
Allergic reactions (7%) [4] Half-life: 14 days
Respiratory Death [6] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Nasopharyngitis [2] Infection (2%) [3] interactions with: none known
Endocrine/Metabolic
Pseudoporphyria [29]
NECITUMUMAB See all our books at www.crcpress.com

harm) NELFINAVIR NEOMYCIN
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Trade name: Viracept (ViiV) Trade names: Maxitrol (Falcon), Neosporin
pediatric patients Indications: HIV infection (Monarch)
Note: See separate entries for cisplatin and Class: Antiretroviral, CYP3A4 inhibitor, HIV-1 Indications: Various infections caused by
gemcitabine. protease inhibitor susceptible organisms
Warning: CARDIOPULMONARY ARREST and Half-life: 3.5–5 hours Class: Antibiotic, aminoglycoside
HYPOMAGNESEMIA Clinically important, potentially hazardous Half-life: 3 hours
interactions with: abiraterone, afatinib, Clinically important, potentially hazardous
alfuzosin, amiodarone, amprenavir, aripiprazole, interactions with: acarbose, aldesleukin,
Skin artemether/lumefantrine, atorvastatin, avanafil, aminoglycosides, atracurium, bacitracin,
Acneform eruption (9–15%) barbiturates, benzodiazepines, brigatinib, bumetanide, doxacurium, ethacrynic acid,
Fissures (5%) cabazitaxel, cabozantinib, calcifediol, furosemide, methoxyflurane, neostigmine,
Hypersensitivity (2%) carbamazepine, chlordiazepoxide, ciclesonide, pancuronium, penicillin V, polypeptide antibiotics,
Pruritus (7%) [2] cisapride, clonazepam, clorazepate, copanlisib, rocuronium, sorafenib, succinylcholine,
Rash (44%) [9] crizotinib, cyclosporine, darifenacin, dasatinib, teicoplanin, torsemide, vecuronium
Toxicity (8%) [2] delavirdine, diazepam, dihydroergotamine, Pregnancy category: D
Xerosis (7%) [2] eletriptan, eplerenone, ergot alkaloids, Important contra-indications noted in the
Mucosal ergotamine, erlotinib, estrogens, eszopiclone, prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Stomatitis (11%) etravirine, eucalyptus, everolimus, fentanyl, pediatric patients
Cardiovascular fesoterodine, flibanserin, flurazepam, fluticasone Note: Aminoglycosides may cause neurotoxicity
Cardiac arrest (3%) propionate, indinavir, ivabradine, ixabepilone, and/or nephrotoxicity.
Phlebitis (2%) lapatinib, lomitapide, lopinavir, lorazepam,
Venous thromboembolism (9%) [4] lovastatin, maraviroc, methadone, Skin
methylergonovine, methysergide, midazolam, Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [2]
Central Nervous System midostaurin, mifepristone, neratinib, olaparib,
Headache (11%) [2] Contact dermatitis (<10%) [70]
omeprazole, oral contraceptives, oxazepam, Eczema [2]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal paclitaxel, palbociclib, pantoprazole, pazopanib, Exanthems [2]
Asthenia (fatigue) [3] phenytoin, pimozide, ponatinib, primidone, Rash (<10%)
Muscle spasm (2%) progestogens, quazepam, quinidine, quinine, Toxic epidermal necrolysis [2]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic ranolazine, rifabutin, rifampin, rilpivirine, ritonavir, Urticaria (<10%)
Diarrhea (16%) [2] rivaroxaban, romidepsin, rosuvastatin, ruxolitinib,
saquinavir, sildenafil, simeprevir, simvastatin, Otic
Dysphagia (3%) Hearing loss [3]
Vomiting (29%) solifenacin, St John’s wort, sunitinib, tacrolimus,
tadalafil, telithromycin, temazepam, temsirolimus,
Respiratory ticagrelor, tolterodine, tolvaptan, triazolam,
Hemoptysis (10%)
Pulmonary embolism (5%)
vardenafil, vemurafenib, vorapaxar NEOSTIGMINE
Pulmonary toxicity [2] Important contra-indications noted in the Trade name: Prostigmin (Valeant)
Endocrine/Metabolic prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers Indications: Myasthenia gravis
Hypocalcemia (45%) Note: Protease inhibitors cause dyslipidemia Class: Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor,
Hypokalemia (28%) which includes elevated triglycerides and Cholinesterase inhibitor, Parasympathomimetic
Hypomagnesemia (83%) [8] cholesterol and redistribution of body fat centrally Half-life: 52 minutes
Hypophosphatemia (31%) to produce the so-called ‘protease paunch’, Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Weight loss (13%) breast enlargement, facial atrophy, and ‘buffalo interactions with: aminoglycosides,
Hematologic hump’. antiarrhythmics, anticholinergics, chloroquine,
Anemia [2] clindamycin, hydroxychloroquine, kanamycin,
Febrile neutropenia [2] Skin lithium, local and general anesthetics, neomycin,
Neutropenia [4] Rash (<10%) [4] non-depolarising muscle relaxants, polymixins,
Thrombocytopenia [3] propafenone, propranolol, streptomycin,
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic succinylcholine
Ocular Diarrhea [3] Pregnancy category: C (Anticholinesterase
Conjunctivitis (7%) Hepatotoxicity [3] drugs may cause uterine irritability and induce
Local Genitourinary premature labor when given intravenously to
Infusion-related reactions (2%) [2] Urolithiasis [2] pregnant women near term)
Hematologic Important contra-indications noted in the
Other
Lymphopenia [2] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Adverse effects [2]
pediatric patients
Death [2]
Note: Neostigmine bromide is given orally;
neostigmine methylsulfate is given parenterally.
Contra-indicated in patients with a previous
history of reaction to bromides, or those with
peritonitis or mechanical obstruction of the
intestinal or urinary tract.
Skin
Cardiovascular
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual NIACIN
Bradycardia [4] Abdominal pain (36%) [2] nifedipine, rifampin, rilpivirine, simeprevir, St
Cardiac arrest [3] Diarrhea (95%) [15] John’s wort, verapamil
Tachycardia [2] Dyspepsia (10%) Pregnancy category: B
Central Nervous System Hepatotoxicity (<2%) Important contra-indications noted in the
Anxiety [2] Nausea (43%) [10] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers
Sedation [2] Vomiting (26%) [7] Warning: LIFE-THREATENING (INCLUDING
Endocrine/Metabolic FATAL) HEPATOTOXICITY and SKIN
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic REACTIONS
Abdominal pain [3] ALT increased (9%)
Diarrhea [2] Appetite decreased (12%)
Nausea [14] AST increased (7%) Skin
Vomiting [12] Dehydration (4%) Angioedema [2]
Weight loss (5%) DRESS syndrome [12]
Respiratory Exanthems [6]
Bronchospasm [3] Genitourinary
Urinary tract infection (5%) Hypersensitivity [15]
Lipodystrophy [2]
Hematologic Rash (<48%) [31]
NERATINIB Anemia [2]
Leukopenia [2]
Trade name: Nerlynx (Puma) Neutropenia [3] Toxicity [3]
Indications: Early stage HER2-overexpressed/ Mucosal
amplified breast cancer, to follow adjuvant Gingivitis (<3%)
trastuzumab-based therapy NETUPITANT & Ulcerative stomatitis (4%)
Class: Kinase inhibitor
Half-life: 7–17 hours PALONOSETRON Central Nervous System
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Fever [2]
interactions with: aprepitant, boceprevir, Synonym: NEPA Paresthesias (2%)
bosentan, carbamazepine, cimetidine, Trade name: Akynzeo (Helsinn) Peripheral neuropathy [2]
ciprofloxacin, clarithromycin, clotrimazole, Indications: Acute and delayed nausea and Neuromuscular/Skeletal
cobicistat, conivaptan, crizotinib, cyclosporine, vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy Myalgia/Myopathy (<10%)
dabigatran, dasabuvir/ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ Class: Neurokinin 1 receptor antagonist
(netupitant), Serotonin type 3 receptor antagonist
ritonavir, digoxin, diltiazem, dronedarone, Hepatic failure [2]
efavirenz, enzalutamide, erythromycin, etravirine, (palonosetron)
Half-life: 40 hours Hepatotoxicity [31]
fexofenadine, fluconazole, fluvoxamine, grapefruit
juice, H2-receptor antagonists, idelalisib, imatinib, Clinically important, potentially hazardous Endocrine/Metabolic
indinavir, itraconazole, ketoconazole, interactions with: rifampin Acidosis [2]
lansoprazole, lopinavir, mitotane, modafinil, Pregnancy category: C Other
nefazodone, nelfinavir, ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ Important contra-indications noted in the Adverse effects [7]
ritonavir, phenytoin, posaconazole, rifampin, prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Death [3]
ritonavir, saquinavir, St John’s wort, strong or pediatric patients
moderate CYP3A4 inhibitors or inducers,
tipranavir, tofisopam, troleandomycin, verapamil,
voriconazole
Skin
Erythema (3%)
NIACIN
Central Nervous System Synonyms: nicotinic acid; vitamin B3
harm) Trade names: Advicor (Kos), Niacor (Upsher-
Headache (9%) [7]
Important contra-indications noted in the Smith), Niaspan (Merck), Simcor (AbbVie), Slo-
Niacin (Upsher-Smith)
pediatric patients Asthenia (fatigue) (4–8%)
Indications: Hyperlipidemia
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Class: Vitamin
Skin Constipation (3%) [6] Half-life: 45 minutes
Fissures (2%) Dyspepsia (4%) [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Rash (18%) Other interactions with: antihypertensives,
Xerosis (6%) Adverse effects [2] atorvastatin, bile acid sequestrants, insulin aspart,
Nails Hiccups [2] insulin degludec, insulin detemir, insulin glargine,
Nail disorder (8%) insulin glulisine, pitavastatin, rosuvastatin,
selenium
Mucosal Pregnancy category: C (Where niacin is co-
Epistaxis (nosebleed) (5%) NEVIRAPINE administered with a statin, refer to the pregnancy
Stomatitis (14%) [2] category for the statin)
Xerostomia (3%) Trade name: Viramune (Boehringer Ingelheim)
Indications: HIV infection
Cardiovascular prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Class: Antiretroviral, CYP3A4 inducer, Non-
Cardiotoxicity [2] pediatric patients
nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor
Central Nervous System Note: Contra-indicated in patients with active
Half-life: 45 hours
Anorexia [4] liver or peptic ulcer disease, or arterial bleeding.
Peripheral neuropathy [2] Simcor is niacin and simvastatin.
interactions with: amiodarone, amprenavir,
Neuromuscular/Skeletal atazanavir, carbamazepine, caspofungin,
Asthenia (fatigue) (27%) [5] clarithromycin, clonazepam, cyclosporine, Skin
Muscle spasm (11%) diltiazem, disopyramide, efavirenz, ethosuximide, Acanthosis nigricans (8%) [14]
etravirine, fentanyl, fluconazole, fosamprenavir, Exanthems (<3%)
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic indinavir, itraconazole, ketoconazole, Flushing (<30%) [31]
Abdominal distension (5%) levonorgestrel, lidocaine, lopinavir, midazolam, Pruritus (<5%) [9]
NIACIN Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Rash [5] Other cyclosporine, delavirdine, digoxin, diltiazem,

Central Nervous System Adverse effects [2] dronedarone, efavirenz, epirubicin, fentanyl,
Paresthesias (<10%) [2] Side effects [2] fluoxetine, grapefruit juice, imatinib, indinavir,
insulin, lopinavir, micafungin, mizolastine,
Neuromuscular/Skeletal nevirapine, oxcarbazepine, parenteral
Myalgia/Myopathy [5] magnesium, phenytoin, posaconazole,
NICOTINE propranolol, rifampin, ritonavir, St John’s wort,
Hepatotoxicity [3] Trade names: Habitrol Patch (Novartis), tacrolimus, vardenafil, vincristine
Endocrine/Metabolic Nicoderm (GSK), Nicorette (GSK), Nicotrol Pregnancy category: C
Hyperglycemia [2] (Pfizer) Important contra-indications noted in the
Indications: Aid to smoking cessation prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Ocular mothers; pediatric patients
Maculopathy [3] Class: Alkaloid
Half-life: varies with the delivery system Note: Tenif is atenolol and nifedipine.
interactions with: adenosine, bendamustine, Skin
NIACINAMIDE heparin, horsetail AGEP [3]
Pregnancy category: D Angioedema [2]
Synonyms: nicotinamide; vitamin B3 Important contra-indications noted in the Bullous dermatitis [2]
Indications: Prophylaxis and treatment of prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Dermatitis (<2%)
pellagra pediatric patients Diaphoresis (<2%) [2]
Class: Vitamin Note: Smoking cessation therapy has various Edema [3]
Half-life: 45 minutes delivery systems. These include: transdermal Erysipelas [2]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous patches, chewing gum, nasal spray, inhaler, and Erythema [2]
interactions with: atorvastatin, primidone, oral forms. Erythema multiforme [5]
rosuvastatin Erythema nodosum [2]
Pregnancy category: A (the pregnancy category Exanthems [9]
will be C if used in doses above the RDA) Skin
Acneform eruption (3%) Exfoliative dermatitis [5]
Diaphoresis (<3%) Fixed eruption [2]
Skin Erythema (>10%) Flushing (3–25%) [9]
Pruritus (<5%) [2] Pigmentation [3] Lichenoid eruption [3]
Central Nervous System Pruritus (>10%) Lupus erythematosus [3]
Peripheral edema [12]
Paresthesias (<10%) Mucosal Photosensitivity [5]
Hematologic Sialorrhea (>10%) Pruritus (<2%) [3]
Thrombocytopenia [2] Stomatitis (>10%) Purpura (<2%) [3]
Xerostomia (<3%) Rash (<3%) [2]
Central Nervous System Stevens-Johnson syndrome [3]
NICARDIPINE Headache (18–26%) Telangiectasia [2]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Toxic epidermal necrolysis [2]
Trade name: Cardene (Roche) Urticaria [7]
Arthralgia (5%)
Indications: Angina, hypertension Vasculitis [4]
Back pain (6%)
Class: Calcium channel blocker Myalgia/Myopathy (<10%) Hair
Half-life: 2–4 hours Alopecia [4]
interactions with: amprenavir, atazanavir, Dyspepsia (18%) Mucosal
boceprevir, cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/ Flatulence (4%) Gingival hyperplasia/hypertrophy (6–10%)
tenofovir alafenamide, cobicistat/elvitegravir/ Pancreatitis [2] [75]
emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil, delavirdine, Throat irritation/pain (66%) Xerostomia (<3%)
epirubicin, imatinib, indinavir, lopinavir, Respiratory Cardiovascular
posaconazole, propranolol, telaprevir Cough (32%) [2] Erythromelalgia [4]
Pregnancy category: C Rhinitis (23%) Hypotension [9]
Important contra-indications noted in the Other Pulmonary edema [3]
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; pediatric Tachycardia [4]
Death [2]
patients Hiccups [2] Central Nervous System
Chills (2%)
Skin Headache (19%) [7]
Flushing (6%) [2] Paresthesias (<3%)
Peripheral edema (7%) [2]
NIFEDIPINE Tremor (2–8%)
Rash [3] Trade names: Adalat (Bayer), Coracten (UCB),
Urticaria [3] Procardia (Pfizer), Tenif (AstraZeneca), Tensipine Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Mucosal MR (Genus), Valni XL (Winthrop) Asthenia (fatigue) (4%)
Gingival hyperplasia/hypertrophy [2] Indications: Angina, hypertension Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Cardiovascular Class: Calcium channel blocker Hepatotoxicity [3]
Erythromelalgia [2] Half-life: 2–5 hours (immediate release products) Nausea (2%) [2]
Pulmonary edema [5] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
interactions with: acebutolol, amprenavir, Endocrine/Metabolic
Endocrine/Metabolic atazanavir, beta blockers, boceprevir, Gynecomastia [6]
Gynecomastia [2] carbamazepine, cobicistat/elvitegravir/ Other
emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide, cobicistat/ Adverse effects [4]
elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil, Side effects [3]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual NINTEDANIB
Central Nervous System Ocular

NILOTINIB Anorexia (<10%) [2] Conjunctivitis (<10%)
Depression (<10%) [2] Ocular hemorrhage (<10%)
Trade name: Tasigna (Novartis) Fever (<10%) [2] Periorbital edema (<10%)
Indications: Chronic myelogenous leukemia Headache (~10%) [14] Xerophthalmia (<10%)
Class: Antineoplastic, Epidermal growth factor Hypoesthesia (<10%)
receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, Tyrosine kinase Other
Insomnia (<10%) Adverse effects [3]
inhibitor Pain [2]
Half-life: 17 hours Death [3]
Paresthesias (<10%) Side effects [3]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Stroke [2]
interactions with: amiodarone, amitriptyline, Vertigo (dizziness) (<10%) [2]
amoxapine, arsenic, astemizole, bepridil,
carbamazepine, chloroquine, cisapride, Neuromuscular/Skeletal NINTEDANIB
citalopram, clarithromycin, clozapine, conivaptan, Arthralgia (<10%) [3]
darunavir, dasatinib, degarelix, delavirdine, Asthenia (fatigue) (<10%) [9] Trade name: Ofev (Boehringer Ingelheim)
digoxin, dihydroergotamine, disopyramide, Bone or joint pain (<10%) Indications: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
dolasetron, efavirenz, ergotamine, grapefruit Muscle spasm [3] Class: Tyrosine kinase inhibitor
juice, halofantrine, haloperidol, indinavir, Myalgia/Myopathy (<10%) [5] Half-life: 9.5 hours
itraconazole, ketoconazole, lapatinib, Neck pain (<10%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
levofloxacin, lopinavir, methadone, midazolam, Gastrointestinal/Hepatic interactions with: anticoagulants,
moxifloxacin, oxcarbazepine, pazopanib, Abdominal distension (<10%) carbamazepine, erythromycin, phenytoin, St
phenobarbital, phenytoin, pimozide, Abdominal pain (<10%) [2] John’s wort
procainamide, quinidine, rifampin, rifapentine, Constipation (~10%) [3] Pregnancy category: D
ritonavir, sotalol, St John’s wort, telavancin, Diarrhea (~10%) [5] Important contra-indications noted in the
telithromycin, terfenadine, voriconazole, Dyspepsia (<10%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
vorinostat, ziprasidone Flatulence (<10%) pediatric patients
Pregnancy category: D Hepatotoxicity [6]
Important contra-indications noted in the Nausea (~10%) [8] Skin
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Pancreatitis (<10%) [4] Hand–foot syndrome [2]
pediatric patients Vomiting (~10%) Rash [4]
Note: Contra-indicated in patients with Respiratory
hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, or long QT Hair
Cough (<10%) Alopecia [2]
syndrome. Dysphonia (<10%)
Warning: QT PROLONGATION AND Dyspnea (<10%) [2] Mucosal
SUDDEN DEATHS Nasopharyngitis [2] Epistaxis (nosebleed) [2]
Pleural effusion [2] Cardiovascular
Skin Pulmonary hypertension [3] Cardiotoxicity [2]
Acneform eruption (<10%) Upper respiratory tract infection [2] Hypertension (5%) [7]
Dermatitis (<10%) Endocrine/Metabolic Myocardial infarction (2%)
Eczema (<10%) ALP increased [2] Central Nervous System
Edema [3] ALT increased (4%) [5] Anorexia [6]
Erythema (<10%) [2] AST increased (<3%) [3] Headache (8%)
Exanthems [2] Diabetes mellitus (<10%) Peripheral neuropathy [2]
Flushing (<10%) Hyperamylasemia [3]
Folliculitis (<10%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Hyperbilirubinemia [8] Asthenia (fatigue) [15]
Hematoma (<10%) Hypercalcemia (<10%)
Hyperhidrosis (<10%) Hypercholesterolemia (<10%) [2] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Peripheral edema (<10%) Hyperglycemia (6–12%) [6] Abdominal pain (15%) [6]
Pruritus (<10%) [16] Hyperkalemia (2–6%) Diarrhea (62%) [34]
Rash (<10%) [18] Hyperlipidemia (<10%) Gastrointestinal disorder [4]
Sweet’s syndrome [3] Hypocalcemia (<10%) Hepatotoxicity (14%) [10]
Toxicity [8] Hypokalemia (<10%) [2] Nausea (24%) [25]
Urticaria (<10%) Hypomagnesemia (<10%) Vomiting (12%) [20]
Xerosis [2] Hyponatremia (<10%) Respiratory
Hair Hypophosphatemia (5–17%) [4] Bronchitis [3]
Alopecia (<10%) [5] Hypothyroidism [2] Cough [3]
Cardiovascular Weight gain (<10%) Dyspnea [4]
Angina (<10%) Weight loss (<10%) Nasopharyngitis [3]
Arrhythmias (<10%) [2] Genitourinary Pneumonia [3]
Arterial occlusion [5] Pollakiuria (<10%) Upper respiratory tract infection [2]
Atrial fibrillation (<10%) [2] Hematologic Endocrine/Metabolic
Atrioventricular block (<10%) Anemia (4–27%) [9] ALT increased [12]
Bradycardia (<10%) Febrile neutropenia (<10%) Appetite decreased (11%) [6]
Cardiotoxicity [5] Hyperlipasemia [5] AST increased [10]
Chest pain (<10%) Leukopenia [2] Weight loss (10%) [3]
Extrasystoles (<10%) Lymphopenia (<10%) [2] Hematologic
Hypertension (<10%) Neutropenia (12–42%) [9] Anemia [3]
Myocardial infarction [3] Pancytopenia (<10%) Bleeding (10%) [3]
Palpitation (<10%) Thrombocytopenia (10–42%) [11] Leukopenia [2]
QT prolongation (<10%) [8]
Neutropenia [4]
NINTEDANIB See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Thrombocytopenia [2] Hypokalemia (<10%) Pregnancy category: B

Other Serum creatinine increased (<10%) Important contra-indications noted in the
Adverse effects [6] Weight loss (<10%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Death [3] Genitourinary pediatric patients
Hematologic Skin
NIRAPARIB Anemia (50%) [3] Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [2]
Angioedema [4]
Leukopenia (17%)
Trade name: Zejula (Tesaro) Neutropenia (30%) [3] Dermatitis [3]
Indications: Maintenance treatment of adult Thrombocytopenia (61%) [3] DRESS syndrome [4]
patients with recurrent epithelial ovarian, fallopian Eczema [2]
Ocular Erythema multiforme [3]
tube, or primary peritoneal cancer who are in a Conjunctivitis (<10%)
complete or partial response to platinum-based Exanthems (<5%) [9]
chemotherapy Exfoliative dermatitis [3]
Class: Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) Lupus erythematosus [8]
inhibitor NISOLDIPINE Purpura [2]
Half-life: 36 hours Rash [2]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Trade name: Sular (First Horizon) Stevens-Johnson syndrome [2]
interactions with: none known Indications: Hypertension Toxic epidermal necrolysis [5]
Pregnancy category: N/A (Can cause fetal Class: Calcium channel blocker Urticaria [8]
harm) Half-life: 7–12 hours Hair
Important contra-indications noted in the Clinically important, potentially hazardous Alopecia [5]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; interactions with: amprenavir, conivaptan,
cyclosporine, darunavir, delavirdine, efavirenz, Central Nervous System
pediatric patients Neurotoxicity [2]
epirubicin, grapefruit juice, imatinib, indinavir,
itraconazole, ketoconazole, oxcarbazepine, Paresthesias (<10%)
Skin propranolol, telaprevir, telithromycin, Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Peripheral edema (<10%) voriconazole Hepatitis [2]
Rash (21%) Pregnancy category: C Hepatotoxicity [14]
Mucosal Respiratory
Epistaxis (nosebleed) (<10%) Skin Pneumonitis [3]
Mucositis (20%) Peripheral edema (22%) [6] Pulmonary toxicity [8]
Stomatitis (20%) Rash (2%)
Xerostomia (10%) Other
Cardiovascular Headache [4] Death [3]
Hypertension (20%) [2]
Palpitation (10%) Endocrine/Metabolic
Tachycardia (<10%) Gynecomastia [2]
NITROGLYCERIN
Anxiety (11%)
Depression (<10%) NITAZOXANIDE Synonyms: glyceryl trinitrate; nitroglycerol; NTG
Trade names: Minitran (3M), Nitrodur
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (10%) (Schering) (Key), Nitrolingual (First Horizon),
Headache (26%) Trade name: Alinia (Romark)
Indications: Diarrhea caused by Cryptosporidium Nitrostat (Pfizer)
Insomnia (27%) Indications: Acute angina
Vertigo (dizziness) (18%) parvum or Giardia lamblia (in children)
Class: Antiprotozoal Class: Nitrate, Vasodilator
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Half-life: N/A Half-life: 1–4 minutes
Arthralgia (13%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Asthenia (fatigue) (57%) [2] interactions with: none known interactions with: acetylcysteine, alteplase,
Back pain (18%) Pregnancy category: B heparin, sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil
Myalgia/Myopathy (19%) Pregnancy category: C
Central Nervous System prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Abdominal distension (33%) Headache [2]
Abdominal pain (33%) pediatric patients
Constipation (40%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Diarrhea (20%) Abdominal pain [3] Skin
Dyspepsia (18%) Diarrhea [2] Dermatitis (to topical systems) [25]
Nausea (74%) [2] Eczema [2]
Vomiting (34%) [2] Erythema (to transdermal delivery system)
Respiratory NITROFURANTOIN [2]
Bronchitis (<10%) Exfoliative dermatitis (<10%)
Dyspnea (20%) Trade names: Furadantin (First Horizon), Flushing (>10%)
Nasopharyngitis (23%) Macrobid (Procter & Gamble), Macrodantin Purpura [2]
(Procter & Gamble) Rash (<10%)
Endocrine/Metabolic Indications: Various urinary tract infections Urticaria [2]
ALT increased (10%) caused by susceptible organisms
Appetite decreased (25%) [2] Cardiovascular
Class: Antibiotic Bradycardia [2]
AST increased (10%) Half-life: 1–2 minutes
Creatine phosphokinase increased (<10%) Hypotension [4]
GGT increased (<10%) interactions with: norfloxacin
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual NORTRIPTYLINE
Central Nervous System Asthenia (fatigue) (19–50%) [29] Other

Headache [14] Bone or joint pain (36%) Adverse effects [33]
Migraine [2] Myalgia/Myopathy [14] Death [19]
Myasthenia gravis [13] Side effects [2]
Polymyositis [2]
Rhabdomyolysis [3]
NIVOLUMAB Synovial effusions [3] NORFLOXACIN
Trade name: Opdivo (Bristol-Myers Squibb) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Trade names: Chibroxin (Merck), Noroxin
Indications: Metastatic squamous non-small cell Abdominal pain (16%)
(Merck)
lung cancer with progression on or after Colitis [25]
Indications: Various urinary tract infections
platinum-based chemotherapy, unresectable or Constipation (24%)
caused by susceptible organisms, conjunctivitis
metastatic melanoma and disease progression Diarrhea (18%) [30]
Class: Antibiotic, fluoroquinolone, CYP3A4
following ipilimumab and, if BRAF V600 mutation Hepatitis [8]
inhibitor
positive, a BRAF inhibitor, advanced renal cell Hepatotoxicity [14]
carcinoma with prior anti-angiogenic therapy, Nausea (29%) [14]
Hodgkin lymphoma that has relapsed or Pancreatitis [4]
interactions with: aminophylline, amiodarone,
progressed after autologous hematopoietic stem Vomiting (19%) [2]
antacids, arsenic, artemether/lumefantrine,
cell transplantation and post-transplantation Respiratory bepridil, bretylium, caffeine, ciprofibrate,
brentuximab vedotin Bronchitis (<10%) clozapine, cyclosporine, dairy products,
Class: Monoclonal antibody, Programmed death Cough (17–32%) [2] didanosine, disopyramide, erythromycin,
receptor-1 (PD-1) inhibitor Dyspnea (38%) [3] glyburide, lanthanum, mycophenolate,
Half-life: 27 days Pneumonia (10%) [4] nitrofurantoin, NSAIDs, oral iron, oral typhoid
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Pneumonitis [30] vaccine, oxtriphylline, phenothiazines,
interactions with: none known Pulmonary granuloma [2] probenecid, procainamide, quinidine, ropinirole,
Pregnancy category: N/A (Can cause fetal Pulmonary toxicity [3] sotalol, strontium ranelate, sucralfate, tacrine,
harm) Upper respiratory tract infection (11%) tamoxifen, tizanidine, tricyclic antidepressants,
Endocrine/Metabolic warfarin, zinc, zolmitriptan
Adrenal insufficiency [5] Pregnancy category: C
pediatric patients
ALP increased (14–22%) Important contra-indications noted in the
ALT increased (12–16%) [9] prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Skin Appetite decreased (35%) [9] mothers; pediatric patients
Bullous pemphigoid [7] AST increased (16–28%) [7] Note: Fluoroquinolones are associated with an
Dermatitis [3] Diabetes mellitus [15] increased risk of tendinitis and tendon rupture in
Eczema [2] Diabetic ketoacidosis [3] all ages. This risk is further increased in older
Edema (17%) [3] Hyperamylasemia [2] patients usually over 60 years of age, in patients
Erythema [4] Hypercalcemia (20%) taking corticosteroid drugs, and in patients with
Erythema multiforme (<10%) [2] Hyperkalemia (15–18%) kidney, heart or lung transplants.
Exanthems [3] Hyperthyroidism [12] Fluoroquinolones may exacerbate muscle
Exfoliative dermatitis (<10%) Hypocalcemia (18%) weakness in persons with myasthenia gravis.
Granulomatous reaction [2] Hypokalemia (20%)
Hypersensitivity [3] Hypomagnesemia (20%) Skin
Lichen planus [2] Hyponatremia (25–38%) Erythema [2]
Lichenoid eruption [2] Hypophosphatemia [2] Exanthems [2]
Pruritus (11–19%) [27] Hypophysitis [13] Fixed eruption [3]
Psoriasis (<10%) [6] Hypothyroidism [23] Phototoxicity [4]
Rash (16–21%) [36] Serum creatinine increased (22%) [2] Stevens-Johnson syndrome [2]
Sarcoidosis [6] Thyroid dysfunction [9] Toxic epidermal necrolysis [2]
Stevens-Johnson syndrome [2] Thyroiditis [11]
Thrombocytopenic purpura [2] Nails
Weight loss (13%)
Toxic epidermal necrolysis [2] Photo-onycholysis [2]
Toxicity [7] Renal
Urticaria [2] Glomerulonephritis [2]
Rhabdomyolysis [2]
Vitiligo (<10%) [12] Nephrotoxicity [11]
Tendinopathy/Tendon rupture [4]
Renal failure [4]
Mucosal Other
Stomatitis (<10%) [2] Hematologic
Adverse effects [2]
Xerostomia [3] Anemia (28%) [5]
Cytopenia [2]
Cardiovascular
Chest pain (13%)
Eosinophilia [2]
NORTRIPTYLINE
Myocarditis [7] Hyperlipasemia [6]
Ventricular arrhythmia (<10%) Trade names: Aventyl (Ranbaxy), Pamelor
Lymphopenia (47%) [4] (Mallinckrodt)
Central Nervous System Neutropenia [7] Indications: Depression
Encephalopathy [8] Thrombocytopenia (14%) [6] Class: Antidepressant, tricyclic
Fever (17%) [9] Ocular Half-life: 28–31 hours
Neurotoxicity [5] Iridocyclitis (<10%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Pain (10%) Ocular adverse effects [2] interactions with: amprenavir, arbutamine,
Peripheral neuropathy (<10%) Uveitis [5] clonidine, cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/
Vertigo (dizziness) (<10%) tenofovir alafenamide, cobicistat/elvitegravir/
Local
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Infusion-related reactions (<10%) [7] emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil, epinephrine,
Arthralgia (13%) [10] fluoxetine, formoterol, guanethidine,
NORTRIPTYLINE Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
isocarboxazid, linezolid, MAO inhibitors, Leukoencephalopathy [2]

phenelzine, quinolones, sparfloxacin, OBETICHOLIC ACID Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
tranylcypromine Nausea [3]
Pregnancy category: D Trade name: Ocaliva (Intercept)
Important contra-indications noted in the Indications: Primary biliary cholangitis Respiratory
prescribing guidelines for: pediatric patients Class: Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) agonist Cough (10%) [2]
Warning: SUICIDALITY AND Half-life: N/A Endocrine/Metabolic
ANTIDEPRESSANT DRUGS Clinically important, potentially hazardous ALP increased (16%)
interactions with: aminophylline, tizanidine, AST increased (25%)
warfarin Hyperkalemia (31%)
Skin Pregnancy category: N/A (Insufficient evidence
Diaphoresis (<10%) Hypoalbuminemia (22%)
to inform drug-associated risk) Hypocalcemia (32%)
Photosensitivity [2] Important contra-indications noted in the Hypokalemia (13%)
Mucosal prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Xerostomia (>10%) [9] pediatric patients Hematologic
Note: Contra-indicated in patients with complete Anemia (12%) [6]
Central Nervous System Leukopenia (7%)
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (>10%) biliary obstruction.
Parkinsonism (<10%) Thrombocytopenia (15%) [9]
Vertigo (dizziness) [2] Skin
Eczema (3–6%) Local
Other Infusion-related reactions (69%) [16]
Adverse effects [2] Peripheral edema (3–7%)
Pruritus (56–70%) [8] Other
Rash (7–10%) Death [2]
NUSINERSEN Urticaria (<10%) Infection (38%) [8]
Mucosal
Trade name: Spinraza (Biogen) Oropharyngeal pain (7–8%)
Indications: Spinal muscular atrophy
Class: Survival motor neuron-2 (SMN2)-directed
Cardiovascular OCRIPLASMIN
antisense oligonucleotide Palpitation (3–7%)
Trade name: Jetrea (ThromboGenics)
Half-life: 63–87 days (in plasma) Central Nervous System Indications: Symptomatic vitreomacular
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Fever (<7%) adhesion
interactions with: none known Syncope (<7%) Class: Enzyme
Pregnancy category: N/A (No data available) Vertigo (dizziness) (7%) Half-life: N/A
Important contra-indications noted in the Neuromuscular/Skeletal Clinically important, potentially hazardous
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers Arthralgia (6–10%) interactions with: none known
Asthenia (fatigue) (19–25%) Pregnancy category: C
Central Nervous System Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Important contra-indications noted in the
Headache (50%) [2] Abdominal pain (10–19%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Constipation (7%) pediatric patients
Back pain (41%) [2] Endocrine/Metabolic
Scoliosis (5%) Thyroid dysfunction (4–6%) Ocular
Cataract (2–4%)
Conjunctival hemorrhage (5–20%)
Constipation (30%)
Conjunctival hyperemia (2–4%)
Respiratory OBINUTUZUMAB Dyschromatopsia (2%)
Bronchitis (>5%) Intraocular inflammation (7%)
Upper respiratory tract infection (39%) Trade name: Gazyva (Genentech) Intraocular pressure increased (4%)
Otic Indications: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (in Iritis (2–4%)
combination with chlorambucil), follicular Macular edema (2–4%)
Ear infection (5%)
lymphoma (firstly with bendamustine then as Macular hole (5–20%)
monotherapy) Ocular adverse effects [2]
NYSTATIN Class: CD20-directed cytolytic monoclonal
antibody, Monoclonal antibody
Ocular hemorrhage (2%)
Ocular pain (5–20%) [2]
Trade names: Mycology-II (Bristol-Myers Half-life: 28 days Photophobia (2–4%)
Squibb), Mycostatin (Bristol-Myers Squibb) Clinically important, potentially hazardous Photopsia (5–20%) [4]
Indications: Candidiasis interactions with: live vaccines Reduced visual acuity (5–20%) [2]
Class: Antifungal Pregnancy category: N/A (Insufficient evidence Retinal edema (5–20%)
Half-life: ~2–3 hours to inform drug-associated risk) Vision blurred (5–20%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Important contra-indications noted in the Vision impaired (5–20%)
interactions with: none known prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Vision loss [3]
Pregnancy category: C pediatric patients Vitreous detachment (2–4%)
Important contra-indications noted in the Warning: HEPATITIS B VIRUS REACTIVATION Vitreous floaters (5–20%) [4]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers AND PROGRESSIVE MULTIFOCAL Xerophthalmia (2–4%)
LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHY
Skin
AGEP [5] Skin
Dermatitis [12] Tumor lysis syndrome [5]
Eczema [2] Central Nervous System
Fixed eruption [2] Fever (10%) [5]
Headache [2]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual OFLOXACIN
Hematologic Neutropenia (>10%) [11]

OCTREOTIDE Anemia (15%) Sepsis (8%)
Neutropenia [2] Thrombocytopenia [5]
Trade name: Sandostatin (Novartis) Thrombocytopenia [3]
Indications: Diarrhea, sulfonylurea poisoning Local
Class: Somatostatin analog Otic Infusion-related reactions [10]
Half-life: 1.5 hours Ear pain (5–15%) Infusion-site reactions [2]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Local Other
interactions with: bromocriptine, insulin aspart, Injection-site granuloma [2] Adverse effects [2]
insulin degludec, metformin Injection-site pain (8%) [2] Infection (70%) [10]
OFATUMUMAB OFLOXACIN
Trade name: Arzerra (Novartis) Trade names: Floxin (Ortho-McNeil), Ocuflox
Skin Indications: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (Allergan), Taravid (Sanofi-Aventis)
Cellulitis (<4%) Class: CD20-directed cytolytic monoclonal Indications: Various infections caused by
Diaphoresis (5–15%) antibody, Monoclonal antibody susceptible organisms
Edema (<10%) Half-life: 14 days Class: Antibiotic, fluoroquinolone
Flushing (<4%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous Half-life: 4–8 hours
Petechiae (<4%) interactions with: live vaccines Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Pruritus (18%) Pregnancy category: N/A (May cause fetal B- interactions with: aminophylline, amiodarone,
Purpura (<4%) cell depletion) antacids, arsenic, artemether/lumefantrine, BCG
Rash (5–15%) Important contra-indications noted in the vaccine, bendamustine, bepridil, bretylium,
Raynaud’s phenomenon (<4%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; calcium salts, clozapine, corticosteroids,
Urticaria (<4%) pediatric patients cyclosporine, CYP1A2 substrates, didanosine,
Hair Warning: HEPATITIS B VIRUS REACTIVATION disopyramide, erythromycin, insulin, lanthanum,
Alopecia (~13%) [4] AND PROGRESSIVE MULTIFOCAL magnesiuim salts, mycophenolate, NSAIDs, oral
LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHY iron, oral typhoid vaccine, oxtriphylline,
Cardiovascular phenothiazines, probenecid, procainamide,
Arrhythmias (3–9%) quinapril, quinidine, sevelamer, sotalol, St John’s
Bradycardia (19–25%) [4] Skin
Herpes (6%) wort, strontium ranelate, sucralfate,
Chest pain (20%) sulfonylureas, tricyclic antidepressants, vitamin K
Hypertension (13%) [3] Hyperhidrosis (5%)
Peripheral edema (9%) antagonists, warfarin, zinc, zolmitriptan
QT prolongation [2] Pregnancy category: C
Thrombophlebitis (<4%) Rash (14%) [2]
Toxicity [3] Important contra-indications noted in the
Central Nervous System Urticaria (8%) prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Anorexia (4–6%) mothers; pediatric patients
Headache [3] Cardiovascular Note: Fluoroquinolones are associated with an
Pain (4–6%) Angina [2] increased risk of tendinitis and tendon rupture in
Rigors (5–15%) Hypertension (5%) all ages. This risk is further increased in older
Vertigo (dizziness) [2] Hypotension (5%) patients usually over 60 years of age, in patients
Tachycardia (5%) taking corticosteroid drugs, and in patients with
Central Nervous System kidney, heart or lung transplants.
Arthralgia (5–15%)
Chills (8%) Fluoroquinolones may exacerbate muscle
Fever (20%) [2] weakness in persons with myasthenia gravis.
Headache (6%) Warning: SERIOUS ADVERSE REACTIONS
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Insomnia (7%) INCLUDING TENDINITIS, TENDON
Abdominal pain (5–61%) [5] Peripheral neuropathy [2] RUPTURE, PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY,
Diarrhea (34–58%) [5] CENTRIAL NERVOUS SYSTEM EFFECTS and
Flatulence (38%) [2] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
EXACERBATION OF MYASTHENIA GRAVIS
Hepatotoxicity [4] Asthenia (fatigue) (15%) [4]
Loose stools [2] Back pain (8%)
Nausea (5–61%) [6] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Skin
Pancreatitis [2] Diarrhea (18%) [2]
Angioedema [3]
Vomiting (4–21%) Nausea (11%) [3]
Exanthems [3]
Respiratory Respiratory Fixed eruption [4]
Cough (5–15%) Bronchitis (11%) Hypersensitivity [2]
Pharyngitis (5–15%) Cough (19%) Photosensitivity [8]
Rhinitis (5–15%) Dyspnea (14%) Phototoxicity [3]
Sinusitis (5–15%) Nasopharyngitis (8%) Pruritus (<3%) [5]
Endocrine/Metabolic Pneumonia (23%) Pruritus ani et vulvae (<3%)
Galactorrhea (<4%) Pulmonary toxicity [3] Rash (<10%) [5]
Gynecomastia (<4%) Upper respiratory tract infection (11%) Stevens-Johnson syndrome [4]
Hyperglycemia [7] Hematologic Toxic epidermal necrolysis [4]
Hypoglycemia [2] Anemia (16%) [4] Urticaria [3]
Hypothyroidism (12%) Hemolysis [2] Vasculitis [4]
Genitourinary Hemolytic anemia [2] Nails
Vaginitis (<4%) Leukopenia [2] Photo-onycholysis [2]
Lymphopenia [3]
OFLOXACIN See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Mucosal Hypersensitivity [2] Rhinitis (<10%)

Oral mucosal eruption [3] Peripheral edema (<10%) [5] Sinusitis (<10%)
Xerostomia (<3%) Psoriasis [3] Endocrine/Metabolic
Cardiovascular Purpura (<10%) Appetite increased [2]
QT prolongation [3] Rash (>2%) [2] Diabetes mellitus [7]
Vesiculobullous eruption (2%) Diabetic ketoacidosis [2]
Central Nervous System Xanthomas [2]
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (<3%) [2] Galactorrhea [2]
Hallucinations [3] Hair Glucose dysregulation [3]
Headache [3] Alopecia [3] Gynecomastia [2]
Insomnia [2] Mucosal Hypercholesterolemia [3]
Peripheral neuropathy [2] Epistaxis (nosebleed) (<10%) Hyperglycemia [7]
Psychosis [2] Sialorrhea [4] Hyperprolactinemia [2]
Seizures [2] Xerostomia (13%) [11] Metabolic syndrome [11]
Vertigo (dizziness) [3] Weight gain (5–40%) [62]
Cardiovascular
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Hypertension (<10%) Genitourinary
Arthralgia [2] Hypotension (<10%) [4] Priapism [19]
Arthropathy [2] Orthostatic hypotension [2] Sexual dysfunction [2]
Asthenia (fatigue) [2] QT prolongation [6] Urinary incontinence (<10%)
Myalgia/Myopathy [2] Tachycardia (<10%) Urinary tract infection (<10%)
Rhabdomyolysis [2] Torsades de pointes [3] Hematologic
Tendinopathy/Tendon rupture [7] Venous thromboembolism [4] Agranulocytosis [2]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Central Nervous System Dyslipidemia [4]
Abdominal pain [3] Akathisia (<10%) [8] Eosinophilia [2]
Diarrhea [2] Amnesia [2] Leukopenia [2]
Nausea [4] Compulsions [2] Neutropenia [4]
Vomiting [2] Confusion [2] Pancytopenia [2]
Genitourinary Delirium [6] Ocular
Vaginitis (<10%) Extrapyramidal symptoms [4] Amblyopia (<10%)
Fever [2] Oculogyric crisis [2]
Local Hallucinations [2] Vision blurred [2]
Injection-site pain (<10%) Headache (17%) [3] Other
Other Insomnia (12%) [3] Adverse effects [10]
Adverse effects [10] Neuroleptic malignant syndrome [35] Death [7]
Death [3] Parkinsonism (<10%) [6]
Side effects [2] Psychosis [2]
Restless legs syndrome [7]
Restlessness [2] OLAPARIB
Sedation [17]
OLANZAPINE Seizures [8] Trade name: Lynparza (AstraZeneca)
Serotonin syndrome [2] Indications: BRCA-mutated ovarian cancer
Trade names: Symbyax (Lilly), Zyprexa (Lilly), Class: Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP)
Somnolence (drowsiness) (20–39%) [14]
Zyprexa Relprevv (Lilly) inhibitor
Indications: Schizophrenia, bipolar I disorder Half-life: 7–17 hours
Tardive dyskinesia [5]
Class: Antipsychotic, Muscarinic antagonist Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Tremor (<10%) [5]
Half-life: 21–54 hours interactions with: amprenavir, aprepitant,
Twitching (2%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous atazanavir, boceprevir, bosentan, carbamazepine,
interactions with: alcohol, antihypertensive ciprofloxacin, clarithromycin, crizotinib,
agents, carbamazepine, ciprofloxacin, CNS acting Neuromuscular/Skeletal darunavir, diltiazem, efavirenz, erythromycin,
drugs, diazepam, dopamine agonists, eszopiclone, Asthenia (fatigue) (8–20%) [4] etravirine, fluconazole, fosamprenavir, grapefruit
fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, insulin degludec, insulin Back pain (<10%) juice, imatinib, indinavir, itraconazole,
detemir, insulin glargine, levodopa, lithium, Dystonia [6] ketoconazole, lopinavir, modafinil, nafcillin,
tetrabenazine, valproic acid Myalgia/Myopathy [2] nefazodone, nelfinavir, phenytoin, posaconazole,
Pregnancy category: C Rhabdomyolysis [9] rifampin, ritonavir, saquinavir, St John’s wort,
Important contra-indications noted in the Gastrointestinal/Hepatic strong and moderate CYP3A inhibitors,
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Abdominal pain (<10%) telaprevir, telithromycin, verapamil, voriconazole
mothers; pediatric patients Constipation (9–11%) [5] Pregnancy category: D
Note: Can cause DRESS and other serious skin Diarrhea (<10%) [2] Important contra-indications noted in the
reactions. Dyspepsia (7–11%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Symbyax is olanzapine and fluoxetine; Zypraxa Flatulence (<10%) pediatric patients
Relprevv is olanzapine pamoate. Hepatotoxicity [6]
Warning: INCREASED MORTALITY IN Nausea (<10%)
ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH DEMENTIA-
Skin
Pancreatitis [7] Eczema (<10%)
RELATED PSYCHOSIS Vomiting (<10%) Hot flashes (<10%)
POST-INJECTION DELIRIUM/SEDATION SYN-
Respiratory Peripheral edema (10–20%)
DROME (Zyprexa Relprevv) Cough (<10%) Pruritus (<10%)
Nasopharyngitis [2] Rash (25%) [2]
Skin Pharyngitis (<10%) Xerosis (<10%)
Angioedema [2] Pneumonia [2] Hair
Edema [3] Pulmonary embolism [3] Alopecia [2]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual OLMESARTAN
Mucosal
Stomatitis (<10%) OLARATUMAB OLMESARTAN
Cardiovascular Trade name: Lartruvo (Lilly) Trade names: Benicar (Sankyo), Olmetec
Hypertension (<10%) [2] Indications: Treatment of adult patients with soft (Daiichi Sankyo)
Venous thromboembolism (<10%) tissue sarcoma (with doxorubicin) with a Indications: Hypertension
Central Nervous System histologic subtype for which an anthracycline- Class: Angiotensin II receptor antagonist
Anxiety (<10%) containing regimen is appropriate and which is (blocker), Antihypertensive
Depression (<10%) not amenable to curative treatment with Half-life: ~13 hours
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (21%) [2] radiotherapy or surgery Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Fever (<10%) Class: Monoclonal antibody, Platelet-derived interactions with: ACE inhibitors, adrenergic
Headache (25%) [4] growth factor receptor alpha blocking antibody neurone blockers, aldesleukin, aliskiren,
Insomnia (<10%) Half-life: ~11 days alprostadil, amifostine, antihypertensives,
Peripheral neuropathy (<10%) [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous antipsychotics, anxiolytics and hypnotics,
Neuromuscular/Skeletal interactions with: none known baclofen, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers,
Arthralgia (21–32%) Pregnancy category: N/A (Can cause fetal clonidine, colesevelam, corticosteroids,
Asthenia (fatigue) (66–68%) [18] harm) cyclosporine, diazoxide, diuretics, eltrombopag,
Back pain (25%) Important contra-indications noted in the eplerenone, estrogens, general anesthetics,
Myalgia/Myopathy (22–25%) prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing heparins, hydralazine, levodopa, lithium, MAO
mothers; pediatric patients inhibitors, methyldopa, methylphenidate,
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Note: See separate entry for doxorubicin. minoxidil, moxisylyte, moxonidine, nitrates,
Abdominal pain (43–47%) [3] nitroprusside, NSAIDs, pentoxifylline,
Constipation (10–20%) [2] phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors, potassium salts,
Diarrhea (28–31%) [8] Hair
Alopecia (52%) quinine, rituximab, tacrolimus, tizanidine,
Dyspepsia (25%) [3] tolvaptan, trimethoprim
Gastric obstruction [2] Mucosal Pregnancy category: D (category C in first
Nausea (64–75%) [14] Mucositis (53%) [3] trimester; category D in second and third
Vomiting (32–43%) [10] Central Nervous System trimesters)
Respiratory Anxiety (11%) Important contra-indications noted in the
Cough (21%) [2] Headache (20%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Dyspnea (10–20%) Neurotoxicity (22%) pediatric patients
Nasopharyngitis (26–43%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal Note: Contra-indicated in patients with diabetes.
Pharyngitis (43%) Asthenia (fatigue) (64%) [2] Warning: FETAL TOXICITY
Pulmonary embolism (<10%) Bone or joint pain (64%)
Upper respiratory tract infection (26–43%) Skin
Endocrine/Metabolic Abdominal pain (23%) Angioedema [3]
ALT increased [2] Diarrhea (34%) [4] Edema [2]
Appetite decreased (22–25%) [4] Nausea (73%) [3] Peripheral edema [2]
Creatine phosphokinase increased (26–30%) Vomiting (45%) [2] Cardiovascular
Hyperglycemia (<10%) Hypotension [2]
Hypomagnesemia (<10%) Endocrine/Metabolic
ALP increased (16%) Central Nervous System
Genitourinary Appetite decreased (31%) Vertigo (dizziness) (3%) [8]
Dysuria (<10%) AST increased [2]
Urinary incontinence (<10%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Hyperglycemia (52%) [2] Asthenia (fatigue) [2]
Urinary tract infection (10–20%) Hypokalemia (21%)
Hematologic Hypomagnesemia (16%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Anemia (25–34%) [18] Diarrhea [4]
Renal Enteropathy [20]
Febrile neutropenia [2] Proteinuria [2]
Leukopenia (<10%) [3] Gastrointestinal disorder [6]
Lymphopenia (56%) Hematologic Respiratory
Myelodysplastic syndrome [2] Lymphopenia (77%) Upper respiratory tract infection [2]
Myeloid leukemia [2] Neutropenia (65%) [3]
Prothrombin time increased (33%) Endocrine/Metabolic
Neutropenia (25–32%) [12] Hyperkalemia [3]
Thrombocytopenia (26–30%) [8] Thrombocytopenia (63%)
Ocular Other
Other Adverse effects [6]
Adverse effects [5] Xerophthalmia (11%)
Death [3] Local
Infusion-related reactions (13%) [2]
OLODATEROL Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Pregnancy category: B Pregnancy category: B (pregnancy category will

OLODATEROL Important contra-indications noted in the be X when administered with ribavirin)
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers Important contra-indications noted in the
Trade names: Stiolto Respimat (Boehringer Warning: ANAPHYLAXIS prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Ingelheim), Striverdi Respimat (Boehringer pediatric patients
Ingelheim) Note: Contra-indicated in patients with
Indications: Chronic obstructive pulmonary Skin
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [10] moderate or severe hepatic impairment or with
disease including chronic bronchitis and known hypersensitivity to ritonavir (see separate
emphysema Angioedema [3]
Churg-Strauss syndrome [13] entry). See also separate entry for ribavirin.
Class: Beta-2 adrenergic agonist Viekira Pak is ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir co-
Half-life: 8 hours Dermatitis (2%)
Hypersensitivity [2] packaged with dasabuvir.
interactions with: adrenergics, beta blockers, Pruritus (2%)
diuretics, MAO inhibitors, QT interval prolonging Rash [2] Skin
agents, steroids, tricyclic antidepressants, Serum sickness [2] Dermatitis (<5%)
xanthine derivatives Serum sickness-like reaction [2] Eczema (<5%)
Pregnancy category: C Urticaria (7%) [4] Erythema (<5%)
Important contra-indications noted in the Central Nervous System Exfoliative dermatitis (<5%)
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Headache (15%) [8] Photosensitivity (<5%)
pediatric patients Pain (7%) Pruritus (5%) [9]
Note: Stiolto Respimat is olodaterol and Vertigo (dizziness) (3%) Psoriasis (<5%)
tiotropium. Rash (<5%) [4]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Ulcerations (<5%)
Warning: ASTHMA-RELATED DEATH Arthralgia (8%) [3] Urticaria (<5%)
Asthenia (fatigue) (3%) [3] Xerosis [2]
Skin Myalgia/Myopathy [3]
Rash (2%) Central Nervous System
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Headache [19]
Cardiovascular Abdominal pain [3] Insomnia (5%) [13]
Extrasystoles [2] Diarrhea [2] Irritability [3]
Hypertension [3] Nausea [3] Vertigo (dizziness) [2]
Central Nervous System Respiratory Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Fever (>2%) Cough [2] Arthralgia [2]
Headache [4] Nasopharyngitis [4] Asthenia (fatigue) (7–25%) [19]
Vertigo (dizziness) (2%) [3] Sinusitis (16%) [4] Myalgia/Myopathy [2]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Upper respiratory tract infection (20%) [5]
Arthralgia (2%) [3] Local Diarrhea [11]
Back pain (4%) [4] Injection-site pain [2] Nausea (9%) [15]
Myalgia/Myopathy [2] Injection-site reactions (45%) [8] Vomiting [2]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Other Respiratory
Constipation (>2%) Adverse effects [7] Cough [3]
Diarrhea (3%) [3] Infection [2] Dyspnea [3]
Nausea [2] Nasopharyngitis [2]
Bronchitis (5%) [4] OMBITASVIR/ Acidosis [2]
COPD [2] ALT increased [4]
Cough (4%) [4] PARITAPREVIR/ AST increased [4]
Dyspnea [3]
Nasopharyngitis (11%) [5] RITONAVIR Hematologic
Pneumonia (>2%) [3] Anemia [8]
Trade names: Technivie (AbbVie), Viekira Pak Hemoglobin decreased [2]
(AbbVie), Viekirax (AbbVie)
Genitourinary Other
Indications: Genotype 4 chronic hepatitis C virus
Urinary tract infection (3%) [3] Adverse effects [3]
infection in patients without cirrhosis (in
Death [2]
Other combination with ribavirin)
Adverse effects [2] Class: CYP3A4 inhibitor (ritonavir), Direct-acting
antiviral, Hepatitis C virus NS3/4A protease
inhibitor (paritaprevir), Hepatitis C virus NS5A OMEGA-3 FATTY ACIDS
inhibitor (ombitasvir)
OMALIZUMAB Half-life: 21–25 hours (ombitasvir); 6 hours Family: N/A
(paritaprevir); 4 hours (ritonavir) Scientific names: docosahexaenoic acid (DHA),
Trade name: Xolair (Genentech) eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), Lovaza (GSK), Omega-
Indications: Asthma 3 fatty acids, Omtryg
interactions with: atazanavir, carbamazepine,
Class: IgE-targeting monoclonal antibody, Indications: Albuminuria, anorexia nervosa,
cisapride, colchicine, dihydroergotamine,
Monoclonal antibody hypertension, lupus erythematosus, macular
dronedarone, efavirenz, ergotamine, ethinyl
Half-life: 26 days degeneration, osteoarthritis, otitis media,
estradiol-containing medications, lopinavir,
Clinically important, potentially hazardous psoriasis
lovastatin, lurasidone, methylergonovine,
interactions with: none known Class: Anti-inflammatory, Lipid regulator
midazolam, midostaurin, neratinib, phenobarbital,
phenytoin, pimozide, ranolazine, rifampin, Half-life: N/A
rilpivirine, salmeterol, sildenafil, simvastatin, St Clinically important, potentially hazardous
John’s wort, triazolam, voriconazole interactions with: abciximab, clopidogrel
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES
Pregnancy category: C Urticaria (<10%) [9] Skin

Important contra-indications noted in the Vasculitis [2] Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [5]
prescribing guidelines for: pediatric patients Xerosis [2] Fixed eruption [2]
Note: More than 25 mL or 3 g per day can Hair Flushing [2]
increase the risk of bleeding. Fish oils contain a Alopecia [2] Pruritus (5%)
significant amount of vitamins A and D and high Mucosal
doses may be toxic. Mucosal
Oral candidiasis [3] Sialopenia (<5%)
Xerostomia (<10%) [2] Xerostomia (<10%) [3]
Central Nervous System Cardiovascular
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (4%) [4] Central Nervous System
Anorexia [3] Bradycardia [2]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (<10%) [4] Hypotension [3]
Diarrhea [4] Headache (7%) [2] Myocardial ischemia [2]
Dyspepsia (3%) Paresthesias [2] QT prolongation [12]
Eructation (belching) (4%) Somnolence (drowsiness) [2] Torsades de pointes [3]
Nausea [2] Vertigo (dizziness) (2%) Ventricular tachycardia [2]
Other Neuromuscular/Skeletal Central Nervous System
Adverse effects [3] Asthenia (fatigue) [2] Anxiety (6%)
Myalgia/Myopathy (<10%) Chills (5–10%)
Rhabdomyolysis [2] Fever (2–8%)
OMEPRAZOLE Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Headache (17–25%) [15]
Paresthesias (2%)
Abdominal distension [2] Seizures [3]
Trade names: Prilosec (AstraZeneca), Yosprala Abdominal pain (5%) [4]
(Aralez) Somnolence (drowsiness) (8%) [5]
Constipation [3] Vertigo (dizziness) (4–7%) [9]
Indications: Duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer, Diarrhea (4%) [9]
gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), erosive Flatulence (3%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal
esophagitis Hepatitis [4] Asthenia (fatigue) (9–13%)
Class: CYP1A2 inducer, Proton pump inhibitor Hepatotoxicity [3] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
(PPI) Nausea (4%) [7] Abdominal pain [2]
Half-life: 0.5–1 hour Pancreatitis [2] Constipation (6–11%) [7]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Vomiting (3%) [6] Diarrhea (8–16%) [3]
interactions with: amoxicillin, atazanavir,
bendamustine, benzodiazepines, cilostazol, Respiratory Respiratory
clarithromycin, clobazam, clopidogrel, clozapine, Cough [2] Hypoxia (9%)
coumarins, cyclosporine, dasatinib, delavirdine, Upper respiratory tract infection (2%) Endocrine/Metabolic
diazepam, digoxin, disulfiram, enzalutamide, Endocrine/Metabolic ALT increased [2]
erlotinib, escitalopram, itraconazole, Gynecomastia [11] Local
ketoconazole, lapatinib, letermovir, Hypomagnesemia [7] Injection-site reactions (4%)
methotrexate, nelfinavir, phenytoin, Renal
posaconazole, prednisone, raltegravir, rilpivirine, Other
Nephrotoxicity [9] Adverse effects [3]
saquinavir, sofosbuvir & velpatasvir, St John’s
wort, tacrolimus, tipranavir, ulipristal, Hematologic Death [2]
voriconazole, warfarin Agranulocytosis [3] Hiccups [2]
Pregnancy category: C Hemolytic anemia [2]
Important contra-indications noted in the Leukopenia [3]
Neutropenia [3]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; ORAL
pediatric patients Ocular
Note: Yosprala is omeprazole and aspirin. Visual disturbances [2] CONTRACEPTIVES
Other
Skin Trade names: Alesse (Wyeth), Aviane (Barr),
Adverse effects [9]
AGEP [2] Brevicon (Watson), Demulen (Pfizer), Desogen
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [7] (Organon), Estrostep (Pfizer), Evra (Johnson &
Angioedema [5] Johnson), Levlen (Bayer), Levlite (Bayer), Levora
Baboon syndrome (SDRIFE) [2]
ONDANSETRON (Watson), Lo/Ovral (Wyeth), Loestrin (Barr),
Bullous pemphigoid [2] Lunelle (Pfizer), Mircette (Organon), Modicon
Trade names: Zofran (GSK), Zuplenz (Par) (Ortho), Necon (Watson), Nordette (Monarch),
Indications: Nausea and vomiting Norinyl (Watson), Ortho Tri-Cyclen (Ortho-
Eczema [2]
Class: 5-HT3 antagonist, Antiemetic, Serotonin McNeil), Ortho-Cept (Ortho-McNeil), Ortho-
Edema (<10%) [2]
type 3 receptor antagonist Cyclen (Ortho-McNeil), Ortho-Novum (Ortho-
Erythroderma [2]
Half-life: 3–6 hours McNeil), Ovcon (Warner Chilcott), Ovral
Clinically important, potentially hazardous (Wyeth), Tri-Levlen (Bayer), Tri-Norinyl (Watson),
interactions with: apomorphine, Triphasil (Wyeth), Trivora (Watson), Yasmin
Lichen planus [2]
carbamazepine, phenytoin, ribociclib, rifampin, (Bayer), Yaz (Bayer), Zovia (Watson)
Lichen spinulosus [2]
tramadol Indications: Prevention of pregnancy
Pregnancy category: B Class: Hormone
Important contra-indications noted in the Half-life: N/A
Pemphigus (exacerbation) [2]
pediatric patients interactions with: aminophylline, amprenavir,
Pruritus (<10%) [8]
Rash (2%) [6] anticonvulsants, aprepitant, atazanavir,
Toxic epidermal necrolysis [5] atorvastatin, beclomethasone, bexarotene,
ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES See all our books at www.crcpress.com
bosentan, budesonide, cigarette smoking,

danazol, doxycycline, efavirenz, eslicarbazepine, ORITAVANCIN ORLISTAT
exenatide, flucloxacillin, flunisolide, fluticasone
propionate, glecaprevir & pibrentasvir, Trade name: Orbactiv (Medicines Co) Trade names: Alli (GSK), Xenical (Roche)
hydrocortisone, insulin aspart, insulin degludec, Indications: Acute bacterial skin and skin Indications: Obesity, weight reduction
insulin detemir, insulin glargine, insulin glulisine, structure infections caused or suspected to be Class: Lipase inhibitor
isotretinoin, lamotrigine, lomitapide, lymecycline, caused by susceptible isolates of designated Half-life: 1–2 hours
metformin, methylprednisolone, mifepristone, Gram-positive microorganisms Clinically important, potentially hazardous
modafinil, naratriptan, nelfinavir, oxcarbazepine, Class: Antibiotic, lipoglycopeptide interactions with: acarbose, amiodarone,
perampanel, prednisolone, prednisone, rifabutin, Half-life: 245 hours antiepileptics, coumarins, cyclosporine,
rifampin, ritonavir, roflumilast, selegiline, St John’s Clinically important, potentially hazardous ergocalciferol, ethosuximide, lacosamide,
wort, teriflunomide, tigecycline, triamcinolone, interactions with: warfarin levothyroxine, oxcarbazepine, paricalcitol,
troleandomycin, tuberculostatics, ursodiol, Pregnancy category: C phytonadione, tiagabine, vigabatrin, vitamin A,
zolmitriptan Important contra-indications noted in the vitamin E, warfarin
Warning: CIGARETTE SMOKING AND prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Pregnancy category: B
SERIOUS CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS pediatric patients Important contra-indications noted in the
Skin Note: Contra-indicated in organ transplant
Acneform eruption [17] Abscess (4%) [3]
Angioedema (<2%) recipients. Orlistat interferes with the medicines
Angioedema [4] used to prevent transplant rejection.
Candidiasis [9] Cellulitis [4]
Chloasma [13] Erythema multiforme (<2%)
Erythema multiforme [2] Hypersensitivity (<2%) Skin
Erythema nodosum [18] Leukocytoclastic vasculitis (<2%) Lichenoid eruption [2]
Exanthems [2] Pruritus (<2%) [3] Peripheral edema (3%)
Herpes gestationis [3] Rash (<2%) Rash (4%)
Lupus erythematosus [29] Urticaria (<2%) Xerosis (2%)
Melanoma [5] Cardiovascular Mucosal
Melasma [8] Phlebitis [2] Gingivitis (2–4%)
Perioral dermatitis [8] Tachycardia (3%) Central Nervous System
Photosensitivity [12] Central Nervous System Anxiety (3–5%)
Pigmentation [18] Fever [4] Depression (3%)
Pruritus [5] Headache (7%) [7] Headache (31%) [2]
Purpura [3] Vertigo (dizziness) (3%) [4] Sleep related disorder (4%)
Seborrhea [3] Vertigo (dizziness) (5%)
Spider angioma [2] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Sweet’s syndrome [2] Myalgia/Myopathy (<2%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Telangiectasia [6] Osteomyelitis (<2%) Arthralgia (5%)
Urticaria [2] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Asthenia (fatigue) (3–7%)
Constipation [5] Back pain (14%)
Hair Bone or joint pain (2%)
Alopecia [19] Diarrhea (4%) [6]
Nausea (10%) [8] Myalgia/Myopathy (4%)
Alopecia areata [4] Tendinitis (2%)
Hirsutism [12] Vomiting (5%) [6]
Respiratory Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Mucosal Abdominal pain (26%) [4]
Gingival hyperplasia/hypertrophy [2] Bronchospasm (<2%)
Wheezing (<2%) Cholelithiasis (gallstones) (3%)
Cardiovascular Defecation (increased) (3–11%) [3]
Thrombophlebitis [2] Endocrine/Metabolic Fecal incontinence (2–8%) [2]
Venous thromboembolism [6] ALT increased (3%) [4] Fecal urgency (3–23%) [2]
AST increased (2%) [2] Flatulence (with discharge) (2–24%) [3]
Central Nervous System Hyperuricemia (<2%)
Chorea [2] Hepatic failure [2]
Hypoglycemia (<2%) Hepatitis [3]
Depression [2]
Headache [3] Hematologic Hepatotoxicity [5]
Anemia (<2%) Nausea (4–8%)
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Eosinophilia (<2%) Pancreatitis [5]
Colitis [3] Vomiting (4%)
Nausea [4] Local
Infusion-site reactions (2%) [3] Respiratory
Endocrine/Metabolic Injection-site extravasation [3] Influenza (40%)
Acute intermittent porphyria [5] Injection-site phlebitis [3] Upper respiratory tract infection (26–38%)
Galactorrhea [2] Injection-site reactions [2] [2]
Mastodynia [3]
Porphyria cutanea tarda [28] Endocrine/Metabolic
Porphyria variegata [2] Hypoglycemia (in diabetic patients) [2]
Menstrual irregularities (10%)
Genitourinary
Vaginal bleeding [4] Genitourinary
Urinary tract infection (6–8%)
Local Vaginitis (3–4%)
Application-site reactions (92%) [2]
Renal
Other Nephrotoxicity [11]
Adverse effects [3] Renal failure [2]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual OXALIPLATIN
Otic Nails Neuromuscular/Skeletal

Otitis media (3–4%) Nail toxicity (25%) [2] Muscle spasm (3%)
Other Paronychia [4] Genitourinary
Adverse effects [7] Mucosal Urinary tract infection [3]
Tooth disorder (3–4%) Stomatitis (12%) Vaginal discharge (4%)
Cardiovascular
QT prolongation (3%) [2]
OSELTAMIVIR Venous thromboembolism (7%) OXACILLIN
Trade name: Tamiflu (Roche) Cerebrovascular accident (3%) Indications: Various infections caused by
Indications: Influenza infection Headache (10%) susceptible organisms
Class: Antiviral, Neuraminidase inhibitor Class: Antibiotic, penicillin
Half-life: 6–10 hours Neuromuscular/Skeletal Half-life: 23–60 minutes
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Asthenia (fatigue) (14%) [3] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
interactions with: none known Back pain (13%) interactions with: anticoagulants, cyclosporine,
Pregnancy category: C Gastrointestinal/Hepatic demeclocycline, doxycycline, imipenem/cilastatin,
Constipation (15%) methotrexate, minocycline, oxytetracycline,
Skin Diarrhea (42%) [9] tetracycline
Rash [5] Nausea (17%) [2] Pregnancy category: B
Toxic epidermal necrolysis [2] Respiratory Important contra-indications noted in the
Central Nervous System Cough (14%)
Delirium [5] Dyspnea [2]
Hallucinations [3] Pneumonia (4%)
Headache [2] Pneumonitis (3%) [2] Skin
Insomnia [2] Pulmonary toxicity [5] Exanthems [2]
Neuropsychiatric disturbances [3] Endocrine/Metabolic Rash (<22%)
Neurotoxicity [5] Appetite decreased (16%) [2] Other
Seizures [2] Hypermagnesemia (20%) Adverse effects [2]
Suicidal ideation [2] Hyponatremia (26%)
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Hematologic
Abdominal pain (2–5%) [2] Anemia (44%) OXALIPLATIN
Diarrhea (<3%) [9] Lymphopenia (63%)
Hemorrhagic colitis [5] Neutropenia (33%) Trade name: Eloxatin (Sanofi-Aventis)
Nausea (4–10%) [16] Thrombocytopenia (54%) Indications: Metastatic carcinoma of the colon
Vomiting (2–15%) [17] Ocular or rectum (in combination with fluorouracil/
Respiratory leucovorin (FOLFOX))
Ocular adverse effects (18%)
Respiratory failure [2] Class: Alkylating agent, Antineoplastic
Other Half-life: 391 hours
Upper respiratory tract infection [2] Adverse effects [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Hematologic interactions with: aminoglycosides, BCG
Thrombocytopenia [2] vaccine, capreomycin, cardiac glycosides,
Other OSPEMIFENE clozapine, denosumab, diuretics, leflunomide,
Adverse effects [7] natalizumab, pimecrolimus, polymyxins,
Trade name: Osphena (Shionogi) sipuleucel-T, tacrolimus, taxanes, topotecan,
Indications: Dyspareunia due to menopausal trastuzumab, vaccines, vitamin K antagonists
OSIMERTINIB vulvar and vaginal atrophy
Class: Estrogen agonist, Estrogen antagonist, Important contra-indications noted in the
Trade name: Tagrisso (AstraZeneca) Selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Indications: Metastatic epidermal growth factor Half-life: 26 hours pediatric patients
receptor T790M mutation-positive non-small cell Clinically important, potentially hazardous Warning: ANAPHYLACTIC REACTIONS
lung cancer interactions with: fluconazole, ketoconazole,
Class: Kinase inhibitor other estrogen agonists or antagonists, rifampin Skin
Half-life: 48 hours Pregnancy category: X Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [11]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Important contra-indications noted in the Diaphoresis (5%) [2]
interactions with: carbamazepine, cyclosporine, prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Edema (13–15%) [2]
ergot alkaloids, fentanyl, itraconazole, pediatric patients Erythema [4]
nefazodone, phenytoin, quinidine, rifampin, Note: Contra-indicated in patients with Exanthems (2–5%)
ritonavir, St John’s wort, strong CYP3A inhibitors undiagnosed abnormal genital bleeding, known or Flushing (2–7%) [2]
or inducers, telithromycin suspected estrogen-dependent neoplasia, active Hand–foot syndrome (7–13%) [14]
Pregnancy category: N/A (Can cause fetal DVT or pulmonary embolism, or active arterial Hot flashes (2–5%)
harm) thromboembolic disease. Hypersensitivity (12%) [29]
Important contra-indications noted in the Warning: ENDOMETRIAL CANCER AND Peripheral edema (11%)
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS Pruritus (6%) [5]
pediatric patients Purpura (2–5%)
Skin Radiation recall dermatitis [3]
Skin Hot flashes (8%) [8] Rash (5–11%) [11]
Rash (41%) [9] Hyperhidrosis (2%) Thrombocytopenic purpura [2]
Xerosis (31%) [4] Toxicity [3]
Urticaria [2]
OXALIPLATIN Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Xerosis (6%) Endocrine/Metabolic Gastrointestinal/Hepatic

Hair ALP increased (42%) Hepatotoxicity [3]
Alopecia (3–38%) [4] ALT increased (57%) Endocrine/Metabolic
AST increased [2] Pseudoporphyria [3]
Mucosal Dehydration (9%)
Epistaxis (nosebleed) (<16%) Hyperglycemia (14%) Renal
Gingivitis (2–5%) Hypoalbuminemia (8%) Nephrotoxicity [2]
Mucositis (10%) [5] Hypocalcemia (7%) Other
Oral mucositis [2] Hypokalemia (11%) Adverse effects [3]
Stomatitis (32–42%) [4] Hyponatremia (8%) [2]
Xerostomia (5%) Serum creatinine increased (4%) [2]
Cardiovascular Weight gain (10%)
OXAZEPAM
Chest pain (4%) [2] Weight loss (11%)
Extravasation [2] Genitourinary Trade name: Serax (Mayne)
Hypertension [6] Urinary frequency (5%) Indications: Anxiety, depression
Hypotension (5%) [2] Class: Benzodiazepine
Tachycardia [3] Renal
Nephrotoxicity [3] Half-life: 3–6 hours
Thromboembolism (4%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Vascular trauma [2] Proteinuria [2]
interactions with: amprenavir,
Central Nervous System Hematologic chlorpheniramine, clarithromycin, efavirenz,
Anorexia (13–35%) [5] Anemia (27–76%) [25] esomeprazole, imatinib, nelfinavir
Anxiety (5%) Febrile neutropenia (<4%) [10] Pregnancy category: D
Chills [3] Hemolytic anemia [4] Important contra-indications noted in the
Depression (9%) Leukocytopenia [2] prescribing guidelines for: pediatric patients
Dysesthesia (often cold-induced or cold- Leukopenia (34–85%) [14]
exacerbated) (38%) [7] Lymphopenia (6%)
Myelosuppression [4] Skin
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (<14%) Dermatitis (<10%)
Dysphasia (5%) Neutropenia (25–81%) [59]
Thrombocytopenia (20–77%) [41] Diaphoresis (>10%)
Fever (16–27%) [9] Rash (>10%)
Headache (7–13%) Thrombosis (6%)
Hyperalgesia [2] Ocular Mucosal
Hypoesthesia [2] Abnormal vision (5%) Sialopenia (>10%)
Insomnia (4–13%) Conjunctivitis (9%) Sialorrhea (<10%)
Leukoencephalopathy [4] Epiphora [3] Xerostomia (>10%)
Neurotoxicity (48%) [37] Lacrimation (4–9%)
Pain (5–9%) Vision blurred [2]
Paresthesias (77%) [7] Local OXCARBAZEPINE
Peripheral neuropathy (92%) [42] Injection-site reactions (5–11%) [2]
Rigors (8%) Trade names: Oxtellar XR (Supernus), Trileptal
Sensory disturbances (8%) Other (Novartis)
Vertigo (dizziness) (7–8%) Adverse effects [3] Indications: Partial epileptic seizures
Allergic reactions (3%) [4] Class: Anticonvulsant, CYP3A4 inducer, Mood
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Death [4]
Arthralgia (5–10%) stabilizer
Hiccups (5%) Half-life: 1–2.5 hours
Asthenia (fatigue) (44–70%) [22] Infection (8–25%) [3]
Ataxia [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Back pain (11–16%) interactions with: alcohol, antipsychotics,
Myalgia/Myopathy (14%) bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide,
OXAPROZIN carbamazepine, chloroquine, clopidogrel,
cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir
Abdominal pain (18–31%) [4] Trade name: Daypro (Pfizer) alafenamide, cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/
Constipation (22–32%) [2] Indications: Arthritis tenofovir disoproxil, cyclosporine, CYP3A4
Diarrhea (44–56%) [44] Class: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID) substrates, dronedarone, emtricitabine/rilpivirine/
Dyspepsia (8–12%) Half-life: 42–50 hours tenofovir alafenamide, eslicarbazepine,
Flatulence (6–9%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous everolimus, exemestane, guanfacine,
Gastroesophageal reflux (3%) interactions with: methotrexate hydroxychloroquine, imatinib, ixabepilone,
Hepatotoxicity [8] Pregnancy category: C ledipasvir & sofosbuvir, levomepromazine,
Nausea (59–74%) [24] Important contra-indications noted in the levonorgestrel, MAO inhibitors, maraviroc,
Sinusoidal obstruction syndrome [2] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; mefloquine, nifedipine, nilotinib, nisoldipine, oral
Vomiting (27–47%) [19] pediatric patients contraceptives, orlistat, pazopanib, perampanel,
Respiratory Note: NSAIDs may cause an increased risk of phenobarbital, phenytoin, praziquantel,
Cough (9–35%) serious cardiovascular and gastrointestinal ranolazine, rilpivirine, risperidone, romidepsin,
Dyspnea (5–18%) [2] adverse events, which can be fatal. This risk may saxagliptin, selegiline, simeprevir, sofosbuvir,
Pharyngitis (10%) increase with duration of use. sofosbuvir & velpatasvir, sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/
Pneumonia [2] voxilaprevir, sorafenib, SSRIs, St John’s wort,
Pulmonary embolism [2] Skin tadalafil, tenofovir alafenamide, thiazide diuretics,
Pulmonary fibrosis [2] Pruritus (<10%) tolvaptan, tricyclic antidepressants, ulipristal,
Pulmonary toxicity [2] Rash (>10%) [2] valproic acid, zuclopenthixol
Rhinitis (4–10%) Stevens-Johnson syndrome [2]
Upper respiratory tract infection (4%) Toxic epidermal necrolysis [4]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual OXYCODONE
Pregnancy category: C Sinusitis (4%) Insomnia (6%)

Important contra-indications noted in the Upper respiratory tract infection (5–10%) Nervousness (7%)
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Endocrine/Metabolic Somnolence (drowsiness) (14%)
pediatric patients Hyponatremia (<5%) [17] Vertigo (dizziness) (17%) [2]
SIADH [3] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Skin Weight gain (<2%) Constipation (15%) [4]
Acneform eruption (<2%) Genitourinary Dyspepsia (6%)
Diaphoresis (3%) Ejaculatory dysfunction [3] Nausea [3]
DRESS syndrome [6] Urinary frequency (<2%) Genitourinary
Ecchymoses (4%) Urinary tract infection (<5%) Urinary retention (6%)
Edema (<2%) Vaginitis (2%) Urinary tract infection (7%)
Exanthems [4]
Hot flashes (<2%) Hematologic Ocular
Hyperhidrosis (3%) Leukopenia [3] Vision blurred (10%)
Hypersensitivity [6] Thrombocytopenia [2] Other
Lymphadenopathy (2%) Otic Adverse effects [4]
Purpura (2%) Ear pain (<2%) Allergic reactions [2]
Rash (<6%) [11] Ocular
Stevens-Johnson syndrome [11] Abnormal vision (2–14%)
Toxic epidermal necrolysis [4] Accommodation disorder (<3%) OXYCODONE
Mucosal Diplopia (<40%) [10]
Epistaxis (nosebleed) (4%) Nystagmus (2–26%) Trade names: OxyContin (Purdue), OxyIR
Rectal hemorrhage (2%) Other (Purdue), Percocet (Endo), Roxicodone
Xerostomia (3%) Adverse effects [8] (aaiPharma), Targiniq (Purdue), Troxyca (Pfizer),
Cardiovascular Allergic reactions (2%) [3] Tylox (Ortho-McNeil), Xtampza ER (Collegium)
Chest pain (2%) Dipsia (thirst) (2%) Indications: Pain
Hypotension (<3%) Infection (2–7%) Class: Opiate agonist
Teratogenicity [3] Half-life: 4.6 hours
Central Nervous System Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Agitation (<2%) Toothache (2%)
interactions with: cimetidine, clonazepam,
Amnesia (4%) telithromycin, voriconazole
Anorexia (3–5%) Pregnancy category: B
Anxiety (5–7%) OXYBUTYNIN Important contra-indications noted in the
Coma [2] prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Confusion (<7%) Trade names: Cystrin (Sanofi-Aventis), Ditropan mothers; pediatric patients
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (5%) (Ortho-McNeil), Lyrinel (Janssen-Cilag) Note: Oxycodone is often combined with
Emotional lability (2–3%) Indications: Neurogenic bladder, urinary acetaminophen (Percocet, Roxicet, Tylox) or
Fever (3%) incontinence, palmar and axillary hyperhidrosis aspirin (Percodan, Roxiprin); Targiniq is
Gait instability (5–17%) Class: Anticholinergic, Antimuscarinic, Muscarinic oxycodone and naloxone; Troxyca is oxycodone
Headache (13–32%) [8] antagonist and naltrexone. Contra-indicated in patients with
Hyperesthesia (3%) Half-life: 2–3 hours significant respiratory depression, acute or severe
Hypoesthesia (<3%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous bronchial asthma, or with known or suspected
Incoordination (<4%) interactions with: alcohol, anticholinergics, gastrointestinal obstruction, including paralytic
Insomnia (2–6%) antihistamines, arbutamine, cannabinoids, ileus.
Nervousness (2–4%) clozapine, conivaptan, diphenoxylate, Warning: ADDICTION, ABUSE and MISUSE;
Seizures (2–5%) [5] disopyramide, domperidone, haloperidol, LIFETHREATENING RESPIRATORY
Somnolence (drowsiness) (5–36%) [5] ketoconazole, levodopa, MAO inhibitors, DEPRESSION; ACCIDENTAL INGESTION;
Speech disorder (<3%) memantine, metoclopramide, nefopam, nitrates, NEONATAL OPIOID WITHDRAWAL
Tremor (3–16%) [2] parasympathomimetics, pramlintide, secretin, SYNDROME; and CYTOCHROME P450 3A4
Vertigo (dizziness) (3–49%) [12] tricyclic antidepressants INTERACTION
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Pregnancy category: B
Asthenia (fatigue) (3–15%) [5] Important contra-indications noted in the
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers Skin
Ataxia (<31%) [2] Pruritus [8]
Back pain (4%) Note: Contra-indicated in patients with urinary
Myoclonus [3] retention, gastric retention and other severe Mucosal
Osteoporosis [2] decreased gastrointestinal motility conditions, Xerostomia [2]
uncontrolled narrow-angle glaucoma and in Cardiovascular
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic patients who are at risk for these conditions.
Abdominal pain (3–13%) Bradycardia [2]
Constipation (2–6%) Central Nervous System
Diarrhea (5–7%) Skin Fever [2]
Dyspepsia (5–6%) Hot flashes (<10%) Headache [6]
Gastritis (<2%) Pruritus [2] Insomnia [3]
Nausea (15–29%) [8] Rash (<10%) Sedation [2]
Vomiting (13–36%) [4] Mucosal Serotonin syndrome [2]
Respiratory Sialopenia [2] Somnolence (drowsiness) [14]
Cough (5%) Xerostomia (71%) [31] Vertigo (dizziness) [9]
Pharyngitis (3%) Central Nervous System Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Pneumonia (2%) Cognitive impairment [4] Asthenia (fatigue) [9]
Rhinitis (2–5%) Headache (8%) [2]
OXYCODONE See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic patient who has or is suspected of having paralytic

Abdominal pain [3] ileus; and in patients with moderate or severe PACLITAXEL
Constipation [14] hepatic impairment.
Diarrhea [2] Trade name: Taxol (Bristol-Myers Squibb)
Ileus [2] Indications: Breast cancer and metastatic
Skin carcinoma of the ovary
Nausea [25] Hyperhidrosis (<10%)
Vomiting [20] Class: Antineoplastic, Taxane
Pruritus (8%) [2] Half-life: 5–17 hours
Ocular Mucosal Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Hallucinations, visual [2] Xerostomia (<10%) interactions with: atazanavir, bexarotene,
Local Cardiovascular buspirone, carbamazepine, cisplatin,
Injection-site pain (<10%) Hypotension (<10%) clarithromycin, delavirdine, doxorubicin,
Other Tachycardia (<10%) efavirenz, eletriptan, felodipine, gadobenate,
Adverse effects [10] gemfibrozil, indinavir, itraconazole, ketoconazole,
Central Nervous System lapatinib, lovastatin, nefazodone, nelfinavir,
Death [3] Anxiety (<10%)
Tooth disorder [2] repaglinide, rifampin, ritonavir, rosiglitazone,
Confusion (3%) saquinavir, sildenafil, simvastatin, telithromycin,
Fever (14%) teriflunomide, thalidomide, trastuzumab,
Headache (7%) triazolam
OXYMETAZOLINE Sedation (<10%) Pregnancy category: D
Somnolence (drowsiness) (9%) [2] Important contra-indications noted in the
Trade name: Rhofade (Allergan) Vertigo (dizziness) (7%) prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Indications: Persistant facial erythema associated Gastrointestinal/Hepatic mothers; pediatric patients
with rosacea Abdominal distension (<10%) Note: Studies have shown that elderly patients
Class: Alpha adrenoceptor agonist Constipation (4%) [3] have an increased risk of severe
Half-life: N/A Flatulence (<10%) myelosuppression, severe neuropathy and a
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Nausea (19%) [4] higher incidence of cardiovascular events.
interactions with: none known Vomiting (9%) [2]
Pregnancy category: N/A (No available data to
inform drug-associated risk) Respiratory Skin
Important contra-indications noted in the Hypoxia (<10%) Acneform eruption [6]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Local Acral erythema [4]
pediatric patients Injection-site reactions (<10%) Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [3]
Note: For topical use only. See separate entry for Dermatitis [2]
tetracaine & oxymetazoline as intranasal Desquamation (7%)
Edema (21%) [2]
formulation.
Oxymetazoline is also available as an ophthalmic
OXYTOCIN Erythema [6]
solution and a nasal decongestant in over-the- Exanthems [2]
Trade name: Pitocin (Par) Fixed eruption [2]
counter products. Indications: Induction of labor Flushing (28%) [3]
Class: Oxytocic Folliculitis [2]
Skin Half-life: N/A Hand–foot syndrome [18]
Rosacea (exacerbation) (<3%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous Hypersensitivity (31–45%) [26]
Local interactions with: cyclopropane, gemeprost, Lupus erythematosus [5]
Application-site dermatitis (<3%) [3] halothane, prostaglandins Photosensitivity [4]
Application-site erythema [2] Pregnancy category: X Pigmentation [3]
Application-site pain (<2%) [2] Pruritus [6]
Application-site pruritus (<2%) [2] Skin Pustules [2]
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [7] Radiation recall dermatitis [11]
Mucosal Rash (12%) [19]
Recall reaction [2]
OXYMORPHONE Xerostomia [3]
Scleroderma [6]
Cardiovascular Stevens-Johnson syndrome [2]
Trade name: Opana (Endo) Bradycardia [2]
Indications: Pain (moderate to severe) Toxicity [10]
Class: Analgesic, Opiate agonist Central Nervous System Tumor lysis syndrome [2]
Half-life: 7–9 hours Fever [2] Urticaria (2–4%) [4]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Shivering [2] Hair
interactions with: anticholinergics, Respiratory Alopecia (87–100%) [50]
buprenorphine, butorphanol, cimetidine, CNS Hypoxia [2] Nails
depressants, MAO inhibitors, nalbuphine, Genitourinary Leukonychia (Mees’ lines) [2]
pentazocine Urinary frequency [3] Nail changes (2%) [6]
Pregnancy category: C Uterine hyperstimulation [3] Nail pigmentation (2%) [3]
Important contra-indications noted in the Onycholysis [9]
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Pyogenic granuloma [2]
Note: Contra-indicated in patients with a known Mucosal
hypersensitivity to morphine analogs such as Epistaxis (nosebleed) [2]
codeine; in patients with respiratory depression, Mucosal inflammation [3]
except in monitored settings and in the presence Mucositis (17–35%) [15]
of resuscitative equipment; in patients with acute Oral lesions (3–8%)
or severe bronchial asthma or hypercarbia; in any Stomatitis (2–39%) [9]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual PALIPERIDONE
Cardiovascular Maculopathy [2] Neutropenia (75%) [27]

Atrial fibrillation [2] Local Thrombocytopenia (17%) [8]
Bradycardia (3%) Injection-site cellulitis (>10%) Other
Cardiotoxicity [3] Injection-site extravasation (>10%) [4] Adverse effects [3]
Congestive heart failure [3] Injection-site pain (>10%) Infection [4]
Hypertension [16] Injection-site reactions (13%) [2]
Hypotension (4–12%)
Myocardial infarction [2] Other
Tachycardia (2%) Adverse effects [9] PALIFERMIN
Allergic reactions (15%) [8]
Central Nervous System Death [14] Trade name: Kepivance (Amgen)
Anorexia [8] Infection (3–22%) [16] Indications: Severe oral mucositis in cancer
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) [3] Kounis syndrome [2] patients
Fever [4] Class: Keratinocyte growth factor
Headache [2] Half-life: 4.5 hours
Insomnia [2]
Neurotoxicity [42] PALBOCICLIB Clinically important, potentially hazardous
interactions with: heparin
Pain [9] Pregnancy category: C
Paresthesias (>10%) [5] Trade name: Ibrance (Pfizer)
Indications: Treatment of postmenopausal Important contra-indications noted in the
Peripheral neuropathy (42–70%) [46] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers
Seizures [2] women with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive,
Vertigo (dizziness) [7] human epidermal growth factor receptor 2
(HER2)-negative advanced breast cancer (in Skin
Neuromuscular/Skeletal combination with letrozole) Acanthosis nigricans [2]
Arthralgia (60%) [16] Class: CDK4/6 inhibitor Edema (28%) [2]
Asthenia (fatigue) (17%) [61] Half-life: 29 hours Erythema (32%) [3]
Bone or joint pain [3] Clinically important, potentially hazardous Hand–foot syndrome [3]
Myalgia/Myopathy (19–60%) [24] interactions with: bosentan, carbamazepine, Pruritus (35%) [3]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic clarithromycin, efavirenz, etravirine, grapefruit Rash (62%) [7]
Abdominal pain (>10%) [2] juice, indinavir, itraconazole, ketoconazole, Mucosal
Constipation [8] lopinavir, modafinil, nafcillin, nefazodone, Tongue edema (17%) [3]
Diarrhea (38%) [41] nelfinavir, phenytoin, posaconazole, rifampin, Tongue pigmentation (17%)
Dyspepsia [2] ritonavir, saquinavir, St John’s wort, telaprevir,
Gastrointestinal bleeding [2] telithromycin, verapamil, voriconazole Cardiovascular
Gastrointestinal disorder [2] Pregnancy category: N/A (Can cause fetal Hypertension (~12%)
Gastrointestinal perforation [5] harm) Central Nervous System
Hepatotoxicity [6] Important contra-indications noted in the Dysesthesia (12%)
Nausea (52%) [36] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (16%) [4]
Pancreatitis [4] pediatric patients Fever (39%)
Vomiting [28] Pain (16%)
Respiratory Skin Paresthesias (12%)
Cough [3] Peripheral edema [2] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Dyspnea (2%) [4] Rash [5] Arthralgia (10%)
Pneumonia [5] Hair
Pneumonitis [4] Alopecia (22%) [2]
Pulmonary toxicity [6]
Mucosal PALIPERIDONE
Endocrine/Metabolic Epistaxis (nosebleed) (11%) [2]
ALP increased [2] Stomatitis (25%) [5] Trade name: Invega (Janssen)
ALT increased [11] Indications: Schizophrenia
Appetite decreased [5] Central Nervous System Class: Antipsychotic
AST increased [8] Fever [2] Half-life: ~23 hours
Hyperbilirubinemia [2] Headache [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Hyperglycemia [4] Peripheral neuropathy (13%) interactions with: ACE inhibitors, alcohol, alpha
SIADH [3] Neuromuscular/Skeletal blockers, amphetamines, angiotensin II receptor
Renal Asthenia (fatigue) (13–41%) [12] antagonists, carbamazepine, CNS depressants,
Proteinuria [6] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic dopamine agonists, droperidol, general
Constipation [2] anesthetics, itraconazole, levodopa,
Hematologic levomepromazine, lithium, methylphenidate,
Anemia (47%) [41] Diarrhea (21%) [8]
Nausea (25%) [9] metoclopramide, myleosuppressives, P-
Bleeding [3] glycoprotein inhibitors or inducers, quinagolide,
Febrile neutropenia [27] Vomiting (15%) [4]
risperidone, tetrabenazine, valproic acid
Hemotoxicity [11] Respiratory Pregnancy category: C
Leukocytopenia [2] Dyspnea [2] Important contra-indications noted in the
Leukopenia (90%) [33] Upper respiratory tract infection (31%) prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Lymphopenia [2] Endocrine/Metabolic mothers; pediatric patients
Myelosuppression [4] Appetite decreased (16%) Note: Invega is not recommended for patients
Myelotoxicity [3] with creatinine clearance below 10 mL/min.
Neutropenia (78–98%) [101] Hematologic
Paliperidone is the active metabolite of
Thrombocytopenia (4–20%) [32] Anemia (35%) [11]
risperidone (see separate entry).
Ocular Leukopenia (43%) [13]
Macular edema [11] Lymphopenia [2]
PALIPERIDONE Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Warning: INCREASED MORTALITY IN Gynecomastia (3%) Vertigo (dizziness) [4]

ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH DEMENTIA- Hyperprolactinemia [10] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
RELATED PSYCHOSIS Hyponatremia [2] Asthenia (fatigue) [4]
Menstrual irregularities (<2%) Osteonecrosis (jaw) [13]
Skin Weight gain (2–7%) [19]
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis (<2%) Genitourinary Abdominal pain [2]
Edema (<2%) Ejaculatory dysfunction (<2%) Constipation [10]
Peripheral edema [4] Erectile dysfunction [2] Diarrhea [3]
Pruritus (<2%) Sexual dysfunction [3]
Rash (<2%) Urinary tract infection (<2%) Endocrine/Metabolic
AST increased [2]
Mucosal Ocular
Nasal congestion (<2%) Vision blurred (3%) Renal
Sialorrhea (<6%) [2] Nephrotoxicity [3]
Local
Tongue edema (3%) Injection-site pain [9] Other
Xerostomia (<4%) Hiccups [4]
Other
Arrhythmias (<2%) Death [3]
Atrioventricular block (<2%) PAMIDRONATE
Bradycardia (<2%)
Bundle branch block (<3%) Trade name: Aredia (Novartis)
Hypertension (<2%) PALIVIZUMAB Indications: Hypercalcemia, Paget’s disease,
Palpitation (<2%) [2] osteogenesis imperfecta
Tachycardia (<14%) [6] Trade name: Synagis (Medimmune) Class: Bisphosphonate
Indications: Prophylaxis of serious lower Half-life: 1.6 hours
Central Nervous System respiratory tract disease caused by respiratory
Agitation (<2%) [6] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
syncytial virus in pediatric patients interactions with: none known
Akathisia (3–17%) [23] Class: Immunomodulator, Monoclonal antibody
Anxiety (2–9%) [9] Pregnancy category: D
Half-life: 18 days Important contra-indications noted in the
Depression [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Dysarthria (<4%) [2] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
interactions with: none known pediatric patients
Extrapyramidal symptoms (4–23%) [17] Pregnancy category: C
Headache (4–14%) [17]
Insomnia (<2%) [23] Skin
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome [6] Skin Candidiasis (6%)
Nightmares (<2%) Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [3]
Rash (26%) Cardiovascular
Parkinsonism [5] Atrial fibrillation (6%)
Psychosis [3] Central Nervous System Hypertension (6%)
Schizophrenia [6] Fever [2] Tachycardia (6%)
Sleep related disorder (2–3%) Local
Somnolence (drowsiness) (6–26%) [13] Central Nervous System
Injection-site bruising (<3%) Anorexia (26%)
Tardive dyskinesia [3] Injection-site edema (<3%)
Tremor [7] Fever (18–39%) [8]
Injection-site erythema [3] Headache (26%)
Vertigo (dizziness) (2–6%) [3] Injection-site induration (<3%) Insomnia (22%)
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Injection-site pain (<9%) [2] Somnolence (drowsiness) (6%)
Asthenia (fatigue) (<4%) [4] Injection-site reactions [2]
Bone or joint pain [2] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Dystonia [6] Arthralgia (14%) [2]
Hyperkinesia [2] Asthenia (fatigue) (37%) [2]
Rhabdomyolysis [3]
PALONOSETRON Bone or joint pain [3]
Fractures [3]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Trade name: Aloxi (MGI) Myalgia/Myopathy [3]
Abdominal pain (<3%) Indications: Antiemetic (for cancer Osteonecrosis [19]
Constipation (4–5%) [4] chemotherapy)
Dyspepsia (5–6%) Class: 5-HT3 antagonist, Antiemetic, Serotonin Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Flatulence (<2%) type 3 receptor antagonist Abdominal pain (23%)
Nausea [3] Half-life: 40 hours Constipation (6%)
Vomiting (3–11%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous Dyspepsia (23%)
interactions with: none known Nausea (54%)
Respiratory Vomiting (36%) [2]
Cough (<3%) Pregnancy category: B
Nasopharyngitis (2–5%) [6] Note: See also the fixed drug combination Respiratory
Pharyngolaryngeal pain (<2%) Netupitant & Palonosetron (separate entry). Cough (26%)
Pulmonary embolism [2] Flu-like syndrome [3]
Rhinitis (<3%) Skin Rhinitis (6%)
Hot flashes (<15) Sinusitis (16%)
Endocrine/Metabolic
ALT increased (<2%) Pruritus (8–22%) Endocrine/Metabolic
Amenorrhea (6%) [3] Rash (6%) Hypocalcemia [10]
Appetite decreased (<2%) Central Nervous System Hypophosphatemia [2]
Appetite increased (2–3%) Anorexia [2] Hypothyroidism (6%)
AST increased (<2%) Fever [2] Genitourinary
Galactorrhea (4%) [5] Headache (9%) [13] Azotemia (prerenal) (4%)
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual PANOBINOSTAT
Urinary tract infection (19%) Exfoliative dermatitis (25%) [2]

Renal Fissures (20%) [5] PANOBINOSTAT
Nephrotoxicity [11] Folliculitis [3]
Hand–foot syndrome [3] Trade name: Farydak (Novartis)
Hematologic Papulopustular eruption [4] Indications: Multiple myeloma (in combination
Anemia (43%) Peripheral edema (12%) with bortezomib and dexamethasone)
Granulocytopenia (20%) Pruritus (57%) [10] Class: Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor
Ocular Rash (22%) [33] Half-life: 37 hours
Conjunctivitis [5] Toxicity (90%) [26] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Episcleritis [2] Xerosis (10%) [12] interactions with: antiarrhythmics, QT
Orbital inflammation [2] prolonging agents, sensitive CYP2D6 substrates,
Hair strong CYP3A4 inducers
Scleritis [4] Alopecia [3]
Uveitis [12] Pregnancy category: N/A (can cause fetal harm)
Hair changes (9%) [2] Important contra-indications noted in the
Vision blurred [2]
Nails prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; pediatric
Local Nail changes (9–29%) [2] patients
Injection-site reactions (18%) Paronychia (25%) [13] Warning: FATAL AND SERIOUS TOXICITIES:
Mucosal SEVERE DIARRHEA AND CARDIAC
Mucosal inflammation (6%) TOXICITIES
PANDEMIC INFLUENZA Mucositis [4]
Stomatitis (7%) [4] Skin
VACCINE (H1N1) Edema (<10%)
Anorexia [4] Erythema (<10%)
Trade names: Celvapan (Baxter), Focetria
Fever [2] Lesions (<10%)
(Novartis), Pandemrix (GSK), Tamiflu (Roche)
Neurotoxicity [2] Peripheral edema (29%) [3]
Indications: Pandemic influenza vaccine (H1N1)
Rash (<10%) [5]
Class: Vaccine Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Half-life: N/A Asthenia (fatigue) (26%) [17] Mucosal
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Cheilitis (<10%)
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Xerostomia (<10%)
Pregnancy category: C Abdominal pain (25%) [3]
Constipation (21%) [4] Cardiovascular
Note: This is the vaccine for swine flu. Arrhythmias (12%)
Diarrhea (21%) [21]
Nausea (23%) [9] Hypertension (<10%)
Skin Vomiting (19%) [9] Hypotension (<10%) [2]
Lymphadenopathy (<10%) Orthostatic hypotension (<10%)
Respiratory Palpitation (<10%)
Central Nervous System Cough (14%) QT prolongation [7]
Fever [3] Dyspnea [3]
Guillain–Barré syndrome [2] Pulmonary embolism [3] Central Nervous System
Headache (>10%) Pulmonary fibrosis [3] Anorexia [5]
Seizures [2] Pulmonary toxicity [7] Chills (<10%)
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (<10%) [3]
Endocrine/Metabolic Fever (26%) [3]
Asthenia (fatigue) [2] Dehydration [3] Headache (<10%) [3]
Other Hypocalcemia [3] Insomnia (<10%)
Adverse effects [4] Hypokalemia [6] Peripheral neuropathy [9]
Hypomagnesemia [20] Syncope (<10%) [2]
Hematologic Tremor (<10%)
PANITUMUMAB Anemia [2] Vertigo (dizziness) (<10%) [2]
Febrile neutropenia [2] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Trade name: Vectibix (Amgen) Leukopenia [2] Asthenia (fatigue) (60%) [31]
Indications: Metastatic colorectal carcinoma Neutropenia [7] Back pain [2]
progression Thrombocytopenia [3] Joint disorder (<10%)
Class: Antineoplastic, Biologic, Epidermal growth Ocular
factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, Monoclonal
Conjunctivitis (4%) [2] Abdominal distension (<10%)
antibody Corneal perforation [2]
Half-life: ~7.5 days
Abdominal pain (<10%) [4]
Eyelashes – hypertrichosis (6%) Colitis (<10%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Lacrimation (2%)
Constipation [5]
Ocular toxicity (15%) [2] Diarrhea (68%) [29]
Pregnancy category: C Trichomegaly [3]
Dyspepsia (<10%) [2]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Local Flatulence (<10%)
pediatric patients Infusion-related reactions (3%) [5] Gastritis (<10%)
Warning: DERMATOLOGIC TOXICITY and Injection-site reactions (4%) Nausea (36%) [18]
INFUSION REACTIONS Other Vomiting (26%) [12]
Adverse effects [5] Respiratory
Skin Death [2] Cough (<10%)
Acneform eruption (57%) [18] Infection [3] Dyspnea (<10%) [5]
Desquamation [3] Pneumonia [5]
Eczema [2] Respiratory failure (<10%)
Erythema (65%) [5] Wheezing (<10%)
PANOBINOSTAT See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Endocrine/Metabolic Pruritus (<2%)

ALP increased (<10%) Rash (<2%) [3] PAROMOMYCIN
Appetite decreased (28%) [4] Urticaria (<4%) [2]
Creatine phosphokinase increased (41%) [4] Trade name: Humatin (Pfizer)
Mucosal Indications: Intestinal amebiasis
Dehydration (<10%) [3] Xerostomia (<2%)
Hyperbilirubinemia (21%) [3] Class: Antibiotic, aminoglycoside
Hyperglycemia (<10%) Central Nervous System Half-life: N/A
Hypermagnesemia (27%) Depression (<2%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Hyperphosphatemia (29%) Fever (>4%) [3] interactions with: methotrexate,
Hyperuricemia (<10%) Headache (12%) [3] succinylcholine
Hypoalbuminemia (63%) Vertigo (dizziness) (3%) Pregnancy category: C
Hypocalcemia (67%) [2] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Hypokalemia (52%) [7] Arthralgia (<4%) Skin
Hypomagnesemia (<10%) Myalgia/Myopathy (<4%) Pruritus [2]
Hyponatremia (49%) [2] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Central Nervous System
Hypophosphatemia (63%) [4] Abdominal pain (6%) Pain [2]
Hypothyroidism (<10%) Constipation (<4%) [2]
Weight loss (12%) [3] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Diarrhea (9%) Abdominal pain [2]
Genitourinary Flatulence (<4%)
Urinary incontinence (<10%) Hepatitis (<2%) Local
Nausea (7%) [2] Injection-site pain [2]
Renal
Renal failure (<10%) Pancreatitis [2]
Vomiting (4%)
Hematologic PAROXETINE HYDRO-
Anemia (62%) [14] Respiratory
Flu-like syndrome (<10%)
Upper respiratory tract infection (>4%) CHLORIDE
Leukopenia (81%) [5]
Lymphopenia (82%) [8] Endocrine/Metabolic Trade names: Paxil (GSK), Paxil CR (GSK),
Myelosuppression [5] Creatine phosphokinase increased (<2%) Seroxat (GSK)
Neutropenia (75%) [21] Hypomagnesemia [3] Indications: Depression, obsessive-compulsive
Sepsis [2] Renal disorder, panic disorder, social and generalized
Thrombocytopenia (97%) [36] Nephrotoxicity [4] anxiety disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder
Other Class: Antidepressant, Selective serotonin
Hematologic reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)
Adverse effects [2] Leukopenia (<2%)
Death (8%) Half-life: 21 hours
Thrombocytopenia (<2%) [5]
Ocular interactions with: alcohol, amitriptyline,
Vision blurred (<2%) amphetamines, antiepileptics, aprepitant,
PANTOPRAZOLE Other aripiprazole, artemether/lumefantrine, asenapine,
Adverse effects [2] aspirin, astemizole, atomoxetine, barbiturates,
Trade names: Protium (Nycomed), Protonix
Allergic reactions (<4%) clarithromycin, clozapine, cobicistat/elvitegravir/
(Wyeth)
Infection (<10%) emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide, cobicistat/
Indications: Esophagitis associated with
Kounis syndrome [2] elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil,
gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD),
coumarins, cyproheptadine, darifenacin,
Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, erosive esophagitis
darunavir, deutetrabenazine, dexibuprofen,
Class: Proton pump inhibitor (PPI)
dextroamphetamine, diethylpropion, digitalis,
Half-life: 1 hour PAPAVERINE digoxin, duloxetine, eluxadoline, entacapone,
erythromycin, galantamine, iloperidone,
interactions with: alcohol, allopurinol, Indications: Peripheral and cerebral ischemia isocarboxazid, linezolid, lithium, MAO inhibitors,
atazanavir, cefditoren, clopidogrel, conivaptan, Class: Opium alkaloid, Vasodilator, peripheral mazindol, methadone, methamphetamine,
CYP2C19 inducers and substrates, dabigatran, Half-life: 0.5–2 hours methylene blue, methylphenidate, metoprolol,
dasatinib, delavirdine, dexmethylphenidate, Clinically important, potentially hazardous moclobemide, molindone, NSAIDs,
digoxin, erlotinib, eucalyptus, fluconazole, interactions with: levodopa, reboxetine perphenazine, phendimetrazine, phenelzine,
indinavir, iron salts, itraconazole, ketoconazole, Pregnancy category: C phenobarbital, phentermine,
lapatinib, letermovir, mesalamine, methotrexate, Important contra-indications noted in the phenylpropanolamine, phenytoin, pimozide,
methylphenidate, mycophenolate, nelfinavir, prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; primidone, procyclidine, propafenone,
PEG-interferon, posaconazole, raltegravir, pediatric patients propranolol, pseudoephedrine, ranolazine,
rilpivirine, saquinavir, tipranavir, topotecan,
rasagiline, risperidone, ritonavir, selegiline,
ulipristal, voriconazole, warfarin Cardiovascular sibutramine, St John’s wort, sumatriptan,
Pregnancy category: B Hypotension [2] sympathomimetics, tamoxifen, tamsulosin,
Genitourinary tetrabenazine, thioridazine, tramadol,
Priapism (11%) [16] tranylcypromine, trazodone, tricyclic
antidepressants, troleandomycin, tryptophan,
Skin valbenazine, vortioxetine
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [7] Pregnancy category: D
Edema (<2%) Important contra-indications noted in the
Facial edema (<4%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Hypersensitivity [2] pediatric patients
Lupus erythematosus (discoid) [3] Note: For menopausal indications see separate
Peripheral edema [2] entry for paroxetine mesylate.
Photosensitivity (<2%)
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual PATISIRAN
Warning: SUICIDALITY AND Otic Constipation (7%) [13]

ANTIDEPRESSANT DRUGS Hallucinations, auditory [3] Diarrhea (5%) [6]
Ocular Flatulence (2%) [3]
Skin Glaucoma [2] Nausea (2%) [2]
Diaphoresis (11%) [10] Hallucinations, visual [2] Vomiting (<2%) [3]
Ecchymoses [2] Vision impaired [2] Endocrine/Metabolic
Exanthems [2] Other Hypokalemia (5%) [5]
Hyperhidrosis [2] Adverse effects [4] Hypomagnesemia (5–9%) [7]
Photosensitivity [3] Bruxism [4]
Pruritus [3] Congenital malformations [2]
Rash (2%)
Vasculitis [2]
Death [2] PATISIRAN *
Infection (5–6%)
Mucosal Trade name: Onpattro (Alnylam Pharma Inc)
Xerostomia (18%) [17] Indications: indicated for the treatment of the
polyneuropathy of hereditary transthyretin-
Cardiovascular PAROXETINE mediated amyloidosis in adults
Venous thromboembolism [2]
Central Nervous System MESYLATE Class: Transthyretin-directed small interfering
RNA
Abnormal dreams (3–4%) Half-life: 1.8–3.2 days
Trade name: Brisdelle (Noven)
Agitation (3–6%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Indications: Vasomotor symptoms associated
Akathisia [3] interactions with: none known
with the menopause
Anxiety (5%) [2] Pregnancy category: N/A (no available data)
Class: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor
Chills (2%) [2]
(SSRI)
Delirium [3]
Half-life: N/A Skin
Depression [3]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Erythema (7%)
Dysarthria [2]
interactions with: eluxadoline, linezolid, MAO Facial edema (1–19%)
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (2%)
inhibitors, methylene blue, pimozide, tamoxifen, Facial erythema (1–19%)
Extrapyramidal symptoms [2]
thioridazine Flushing (1–19%)
Headache (17–28%) [12]
Pregnancy category: X Rash (1–19%)
Insomnia (11–24%) [5]
Irritability [2] Cardiovascular
Mania [2] Atrioventricular block (3%)
Nervousness (4–9%) Chest pain (1–19%)
Note: Brisdelle contains a low dose of paroxetine
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome [4] Hypertension (1–19%)
and is not indicated for psychiatric conditions.
Paresthesias (4%) Hypotension (1–19%)
Paroxetine mesylate is also available as Pexeva.
Parkinsonism [3] Tachycardia (1–19%)
For psychiatric indications see separate entry for
Restless legs syndrome [7] Central Nervous System
paroxetine hydrochloride.
Serotonin syndrome [19] Chills (1–19%)
Warning: SUICIDAL THOUGHTS AND
Sleep disturbances [2] Headache (1–19%)
BEHAVIORS
Somnolence (drowsiness) (15–24%) [5] Pain (1–19%)
Suicidal ideation [4] Vertigo (dizziness) (5%)
Tic disorder [3] Central Nervous System
Tremor (4–11%) [5] Headache (6%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Vertigo (dizziness) (6–14%) [7] Arthralgia (7%)
Yawning (2–4%) Asthenia (fatigue) (1–19%)
Back pain (1–19%)
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Muscle spasm (8%)
Asthenia (fatigue) [4] Nausea (4%) [2] Neck pain (1–19%)
Myalgia/Myopathy (<10%) Vomiting (4%)
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Other Abdominal pain (1–19%)
Abdominal pain (4%) [2] Adverse effects [2] Dyspepsia (8%)
Constipation (5–18%) [2] Nausea (1–19%)
Diarrhea (9–12%) [3]
Nausea (26%) [8] Respiratory
Vomiting [3] PATIROMER Bronchitis (7%)
Cough (1–19%)
Respiratory Trade name: Veltassa (Relypsa) Dyspnea (8%)
Pharyngitis (4%) Indications: Hyperkalemia Nasopharyngitis (1–29%)
Rhinitis (3%) Class: Potassium binder Pharyngitis (1–29%)
Sinusitis (4%) Half-life: N/A Respiratory tract infection (1–29%)
Endocrine/Metabolic Clinically important, potentially hazardous Rhinitis (1–29%)
Galactorrhea [4] interactions with: none known Sinusitis (1–29%)
Gynecomastia [2] Pregnancy category: N/A (Not expected to Upper respiratory tract infection (1–29%)
Libido decreased (3–15%) cause fetal risk)
Ocular
SIADH [18] Important contra-indications noted in the
Keratoconjunctivitis (5%)
Weight gain [9] prescribing guidelines for: pediatric patients
Vision blurred (3%)
Warning: BINDING TO OTHER ORAL
Genitourinary Vitreous floaters (2%)
MEDICATIONS
Ejaculatory dysfunction (13–28%) Other
Erectile dysfunction [2] Adverse effects [2]
Priapism [4] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Sexual dysfunction [8] Abdominal pain (2%)
PEG-INTERFERON Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (<10%) [5]

PEG-INTERFERON Fever (37%) [8] PEGAPTANIB
Headache (54%) [16]
Trade names: PegIntron (Schering), Sylatron Insomnia (19%) [4] Trade name: Macugen (Valeant)
(Schering) Irritability [2] Indications: Neovascular (wet) age-related
Indications: Chronic hepatitis C, melanoma Neurotoxicity [2] macular degeneration
Class: Immunomodulator, Interferon Pain (12%) Class: Vascular endothelial growth factor
Half-life: ~40 hours Parkinsonism [2] antagonist
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Psychosis [2] Half-life: 6–14 days
interactions with: ACE inhibitors, Vertigo (dizziness) (16%) [3] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
acetaminophen, aldesleukin, bupivacaine, interactions with: none known
cilostazol, cinacalcet, CYP2C9 substrates, Neuromuscular/Skeletal Pregnancy category: B
CYP2D6 substrates, delavirdine, duloxetine, Arthralgia (28%) [2] Important contra-indications noted in the
estradiol, fesoterodine, fingolimod, fluoxetine, Asthenia (fatigue) (56%) [24] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
indinavir, melphalan, methadone, Back pain (9%) pediatric patients
methylnaltrexone, pantoprazole, pegloticase, Myalgia/Myopathy (38–42%) [4] Note: Contra-indicated in patients with ocular or
ribavirin, sildenafil, tapentadol, telbivudine, Gastrointestinal/Hepatic periocular infections.
theophylline, theophylline derivatives, tiotropium, Abdominal pain (15%)
trimethoprim, voriconazole, warfarin, zidovudine Diarrhea (16%) [4] Skin
Pregnancy category: C (pregnancy category Hepatotoxicity [5] Dermatitis (<5%)
will be X when used in combination with Nausea (24%) [12]
ribavirin) Pancreatitis [4] Cardiovascular
Important contra-indications noted in the Vomiting (24%) [2] Arterial occlusion (carotid) (<5%)
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Chest pain (<5%)
Respiratory Hypertension (10–40%)
pediatric patients Cough (6%)
Note: PEG-interferon is commonly administered Myocardial ischemia (transient) (<5%)
Dyspnea (13%) [2]
with ribavirin and many of the reactions listed Flu-like syndrome (46%) [11] Central Nervous System
below are in combination therapy with this drug. Pneumonitis [2] Cerebrovascular accident (<5%)
Contra-indicated in patients with known Headache (6–10%)
hypersensitivity reactions, such as urticaria, Endocrine/Metabolic Ischemic injury (transient) (<5%)
angioedema, bronchoconstriction, anaphylaxis, ALT increased [3] Vertigo (dizziness) (<10%)
Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and toxic epidermal Appetite decreased [2]
AST increased [3] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
necrolysis to interferon alpha or any other Arthralgia (<5%)
product component; or with autoimmune Diabetes mellitus [2]
hepatitis. Thyroid dysfunction [2] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Warning: RISK OF SERIOUS DISORDERS AND Weight loss (16%) [3] Diarrhea (6–10%)
RIBAVIRIN-ASSOCIATED EFFECTS Genitourinary Nausea (6–10%)
DEPRESSION AND OTHER NEUROPSYCHIA- Urinary tract infection [2] Vomiting (<5%)
TRIC DISORDERS Renal Respiratory
Nephrotoxicity [4] Bronchitis (6–10%)
Pleural effusion (<5%)
Skin Hematologic
Dermatitis (7%) Anemia (14%) [44] Endocrine/Metabolic
Diaphoresis (6%) Hemotoxicity [2] Diabetes mellitus (<5%)
DRESS syndrome [2] Leukopenia [6] Genitourinary
Eczema [2] Lymphopenia (14%) [3] Urinary retention (<5%)
Exanthems [5] Neutropenia (21%) [20] Urinary tract infection (6–10%)
Fixed eruption [2] Sepsis [2] Otic
Flushing (6%) Thrombocytopenia (5%) [15] Hearing loss (<5%)
Lupus erythematosus [3] Otic Otitis media (<5%)
Nummular eczema [2] Hearing loss [2]
Photosensitivity [4] Ocular
Tinnitus [2] Blepharitis (6–10%)
Pruritus (12%) [11]
Psoriasis [4] Ocular Cataract (10–40%) [2]
Rash (6%) [24] Retinopathy [7] Conjunctival edema (<5%)
Rosacea fulminans [2] Vision blurred (4%) Conjunctival hemorrhage (10–40%)
Sarcoidosis [9] Local Conjunctivitis (<10%)
Stevens-Johnson syndrome [2] Injection-site pain (2%) Corneal abnormalities (<5%)
Toxic epidermal necrolysis [2] Injection-site reactions (22%) [4] Corneal deposits (<5%)
Toxicity [3] Corneal edema (10–40%)
Other Endophthalmitis (<5%) [4]
Vasculitis [2]
Adverse effects [26] Eyelid irritation (<5%)
Vitiligo [3]
Death [2] Intraocular pressure increased (10–40%)
Xerosis (11%) [2]
Infection (3%) [4] Meibomianitis (<5%)
Hair
Mydriasis (<5%)
Alopecia (22%) [5]
Ocular edema (<5%)
Alopecia areata [2]
Ocular hypertension (10–40%)
Central Nervous System Ocular inflammation (<5%) [2]
Anorexia (17%) [2] Ocular pain (10–40%)
Chills [2] Ocular stinging (10–40%)
Cognitive impairment [2] Ophthalmitis (<5%)
Depression (16–29%) [10] Periorbital hematoma (<5%)
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual PEMBROLIZUMAB
Photopsia (6–10%) Pregnancy category: C Gastrointestinal/Hepatic

Punctate keratitis (10–40%) Important contra-indications noted in the Diarrhea (4–14%)
Reduced visual acuity (10–40%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Hepatitis [2]
Retinal detachment (<10%) [5] pediatric patients Hepatotoxicity [6]
Retinal edema (<5%) Note: Contra-indicated for patients at higher risk Nausea (8–14%)
Vision blurred (10–40%) for G6PD deficiency (e.g. those of African and Respiratory
Visual disturbances (10–40%) Mediterranean ancestry) who should be screened Flu-like syndrome (4–12%)
Vitreous floaters (10–40%) due to the risk of hemolysis and Sinusitis (4–8%)
methemoglobinemia.
Warning: ANAPHYLAXIS and INFUSION Local
PEGASPARGASE REACTIONS
Other
Trade name: Oncaspar (Enzon) Skin Adverse effects [3]
Indications: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis (5%) Infection (23%)
Class: Antineoplastic [3]
Half-life: 5.7 days Ecchymoses (11%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Cardiovascular PEMBROLIZUMAB
interactions with: none known Chest pain (6%)
Pregnancy category: C Synonym: lambrolizumab
Central Nervous System Trade name: Keytruda (Merck Sharpe &
Vertigo (dizziness) [3] Dohme)
Skin
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis (<5%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal Indications: Unresectable or metastatic
[2] Arthralgia [3] melanoma and disease progression following
Angioedema (<5%) Back pain [2] ipilimumab and, if BRAF V600 mutation positive, a
Edema (>5%) Gouty tophi (flare) (77%) [7] BRAF inhibitor
Rash (<5%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Class: Monoclonal antibody, Programmed death
Urticaria (<5%) Constipation (6%) receptor-1 (PD-1) inhibitor
Nausea (12%) [3] Half-life: 26 days
Cardiovascular Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Hypotension (>5%) Vomiting (5%)
Tachycardia (>5%) Respiratory Pregnancy category: D
Venous thromboembolism [2] Dyspnea [2] Important contra-indications noted in the
Central Nervous System Nasopharyngitis (7%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Chills (<5%) Local pediatric patients
Fever (>5%) Infusion-related reactions [4]
Headache (<5%) Infusion-site reactions (26%) [4] Skin
Paresthesias (<5%) Other Bullous pemphigoid [5]
Seizures (<5%) [2] Adverse effects [2] Dermatitis [2]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Erythema [3]
Arthralgia (<5%) Exanthems [4]
PEGVISOMANT Lichen planus [2]
Abdominal pain (<5%) Trade name: Somavert (Pfizer) Peripheral edema (17%)
Hepatotoxicity [3] Indications: Acromegaly Pruritus (30%) [19]
Pancreatitis [4] Class: Growth hormone analog Psoriasis [4]
Half-life: 6 days Rash (29%) [20]
Endocrine/Metabolic Sarcoidosis [5]
Hyperglycemia [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
interactions with: acarbose, exenatide, Scleroderma [2]
Hypertriglyceridemia [2] Toxicity [6]
hydromorphone, insulin, latex, metformin,
Hematologic opioids, oral hypoglycemics, pioglitazone, Vasculitis [2]
Leukopenia [2] saxagliptin, tapentadol Vitiligo (11%) [11]
Neutropenia [2] Pregnancy category: B Hair
Prothrombin time increased [2] Important contra-indications noted in the Alopecia [2]
Thrombocytopenia [2] prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Alopecia areata [2]
Other mothers; pediatric patients Mucosal
Allergic reactions (>5%) [7] Oral mucositis [2]
Skin Xerostomia [2]
Lipohypertrophy (<5%) [2] Cardiovascular
PEGLOTICASE Peripheral edema (4–8%) Myocarditis [3]
Cardiovascular Central Nervous System
Trade name: Krystexxa (Savient) Chest pain (4–8%)
Indications: Chronic gout Chills (14%)
Hypertension (8%) Encephalopathy [3]
Class: Enzyme
Half-life: N/A Central Nervous System Fever (11%) [6]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Pain (4–14%) Headache (16%) [3]
interactions with: PEG-interferon Paresthesias (7%) Insomnia (14%)
Vertigo (dizziness) (4–8%) Neurotoxicity [3]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Pain [2]
Back pain (4–8%) Peripheral neuropathy [3]
PEMBROLIZUMAB See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Pneumonitis [2]

Arthralgia (20%) [10] PEMETREXED Pulmonary toxicity [2]
Asthenia (fatigue) (47%) [25] Endocrine/Metabolic
Back pain (12%) Trade name: Alimta (Lilly)
Indications: Non-squamous non-small cell lung ALT increased (8–10%) [3]
Myalgia/Myopathy (14%) [9] Appetite decreased [5]
Myasthenia gravis [7] cancer, mesothelioma (in combination with
cisplatin) AST increased (7–8%) [3]
Pain in extremities (18%) Creatine phosphokinase increased (<5%)
Class: Antimetabolite, Folic acid antagonist
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Half-life: 3.5 hours [3]
Abdominal pain (12%) [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous Hyperglycemia [2]
Colitis [13] interactions with: clozapine, digoxin, Hyperkalemia [2]
Constipation (21%) leflunomide, meloxicam, natalizumab, Hypokalemia [2]
Diarrhea (20%) [14] nephrotoxic drugs, NSAIDs, phenytoin, Hypomagnesemia [3]
Hepatitis [8] pimecrolimus, probenecid, pyrimethamine, Hyponatremia [3]
Hepatotoxicity [6] sipuleucel-T, tacrolimus, trastuzumab, vaccines Renal
Nausea (30%) [12] Pregnancy category: D Nephrotoxicity [3]
Pancreatitis [6] Important contra-indications noted in the
Vomiting (16%) [3] Hematologic
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Anemia (15–19%) [23]
Respiratory pediatric patients Febrile neutropenia (<5%) [11]
Cough (30%) [5] Hemotoxicity [4]
Dyspnea (18%) [4] Skin Leukocytopenia [2]
Pneumonia [5] AGEP [4] Leukopenia (6–12%) [11]
Pneumonitis (3%) [19] Cellulitis [3] Lymphopenia [3]
Upper respiratory tract infection (11%) Desquamation (10–14%) Myelosuppression [3]
Endocrine/Metabolic Edema (<5%) Neutropenia (6–11%) [24]
ALT increased [6] Erythema multiforme (<5%) Sepsis [2]
Appetite decreased (26%) [10] Hypersensitivity (<5%) Thrombocytopenia (<8%) [15]
AST increased (24%) [4] Peripheral edema [4] Thrombotic complications [2]
Diabetes mellitus [6] Pruritus (<7%) Ocular
Hyperthyroidism [7] Radiation recall dermatitis [7] Conjunctivitis (<5%)
Hypertriglyceridemia (25%) Rash (10–14%) [20] Eyelid edema [3]
Hypoalbuminemia (34%) Toxic epidermal necrolysis [5] Lacrimation (<5%)
Hypocalcemia (24%) Toxicity [2]
Hyponatremia (35%) [4] Urticaria [3] Other
Hypophysitis [9] Vasculitis [2] Adverse effects (53%) [16]
Hypothyroidism (8%) [15] Allergic reactions (<5%)
Hair Death [5]
Thyroid dysfunction [5] Alopecia (<6%) [5]
Thyroiditis [5] Hiccups [2]
Mucosal Infection (<5%) [7]
Renal Epistaxis (nosebleed) [2]
Nephrotoxicity [6] Mucositis (7%) [6]
Renal failure [3]
Hematologic
Stomatitis (7–15%) [6] PENICILLAMINE
Cardiovascular
Anemia (14–55%) [8] Hypertension [7] Trade name: Depen (MedPointe)
Hemolytic anemia [2] Venous thromboembolism [2] Indications: Wilson’s disease, rheumatoid
Lymphopenia [2] arthritis
Neutropenia [5] Central Nervous System
Anorexia (19–22%) [9] Class: Antidote, Chelator, Disease-modifying
Sepsis (<10%) [2] antirheumatic drug (DMARD)
Thrombocytopenia [4] Depression (14%)
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) [2] Half-life: 1.7–3.2 hours
Ocular Fever (<8%) [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Iridocyclitis [2] Headache [4] interactions with: aluminum, antacids, ascorbic
Uveitis [6] Insomnia [2] acid, bone marrow suppressants, chloroquine,
Local Neurotoxicity (<9%) clozapine, cytotoxic agents, diclofenac, ferrous
Peripheral neuropathy [2] sulfate, food, gold & gold compounds,
Infusion-related reactions [2]
hydroxychloroquine, iron, magnesium,
Other Neuromuscular/Skeletal meloxicam, primaquine, probenecid, sodium
Adverse effects [23] Asthenia (fatigue) (25–34%) [34] picosulfate
Death [6] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Pregnancy category: D
Side effects [3] Abdominal pain (<5%) Important contra-indications noted in the
Constipation (<6%) [4] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Diarrhea (5–13%) [13] pediatric patients
Hepatotoxicity [7] Note: As an antidote, it is difficult to differentiate
Nausea (19–31%) [18] side effects due to the drug from those due to the
Vomiting (9–16%) [10] effects of the poison.
Respiratory
Cough [2] Skin
Dysphonia [2] Bullous dermatitis [3]
Dyspnea [4] Bullous pemphigoid [6]
Hemoptysis [2] Cicatricial pemphigoid [2]
Pharyngitis (15%) Cutis laxa [13]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual PENTOXIFYLLINE
Dermatitis [4]
Dermatomyositis [14] PENICILLIN G PENTAMIDINE
Edema of lip (<10%)
Ehlers–Danlos syndrome [2] Trade name: Crystapen (Britannia) Trade names: NebuPent (Astellas), Pentacarinat
Elastosis perforans serpiginosa [43] Indications: Anthrax, cellulitis, endocarditis, (Sanofi-Aventis), Pentam 300 (Astellas)
Epidermolysis bullosa [4] infections, otitis media, rheumatic fever, Indications: Pneumocystis jiroveci infection,
Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita [2] respiratory infections, septicemia trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis
Erythema multiforme (<5%) Class: Antibiotic, penicillin Class: Antiprotozoal
Exanthems [8] Half-life: 4 hours Half-life: 9.1–13.2 hours (intramuscular); 6.5
Fragility [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous hours (intravenous)
Hypersensitivity [3] interactions with: estrogens, methotrexate, Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Lichen planus [4] minocycline, phenindione, probenecid, interactions with: adefovir, aminoglycosides,
Lichenoid eruption [7] sulfinpyrazone, warfarin amiodarone, amisulpride, amitriptyline,
Lupus erythematosus [43] Pregnancy category: B amphotericin B, cisplatin, droperidol,
Morphea [2] Important contra-indications noted in the erythromycin, foscarnet, insulin aspart, insulin
Pemphigus [76] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers degludec, insulin detemir, insulin glargine, insulin
Pemphigus erythematodes (Senear–Usher) glulisine, ivabradine, levomepromazine,
[10] Skin moxifloxacin, phenothiazines, saquinavir,
Pemphigus foliaceus [16] Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [5] sparfloxacin, sulpiride, tricyclic antidepressants,
Pemphigus herpetiformis [3] Dermatitis [2] trifluoperazine, vancomycin
Pemphigus vulgaris [2] Hypersensitivity [4] Pregnancy category: C
Peripheral edema (<10%) Jarisch–Herxheimer reaction [21] Important contra-indications noted in the
Pruritus (44–50%) [2] Nicolau syndrome [2] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Pseudoxanthoma elasticum [16] Rash [4] pediatric patients
Psoriasis [4] Serum sickness-like reaction [2] Note: The rate of adverse side effects is
Purpura [5] increased in patients with AIDS.
Rash (44–50%) [6] Hoigne’s syndrome [16]
Scleroderma [7] Seizures [2] Skin
Toxic epidermal necrolysis [2] Exanthems (<15%) [10]
Urticaria (44–50%) [2] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Pruritus [2]
Vasculitis [7] Hepatotoxicity [2] Rash (<47%) [4]
Hair Genitourinary Toxic epidermal necrolysis [3]
Alopecia [3] Cystitis [3] Urticaria [3]
Hirsutism [2] Renal Cardiovascular
Nails Nephrotoxicity [2] QT prolongation [8]
Nail pigmentation [4] Hematologic Torsades de pointes [4]
Mucosal Thrombosis [2] Central Nervous System
Aphthous stomatitis [2] Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (metallic taste)
Mucosal lesions (pemphigus-like) [2] (2%)
Oral ulceration [5] PENICILLIN V Paresthesias [2]
Stomatitis [6] Vertigo (dizziness) [2]
Central Nervous System Trade name: V-cillin K (Lilly) Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Ageusia (taste loss) (12%) [2] Indications: Cellulitis, endocarditis, erysipelas, Myalgia/Myopathy (<5%)
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (metallic taste) oral infections, otitis media, rheumatic fever, Rhabdomyolysis [4]
[8] scarlet fever, tonsillitis Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Hypogeusia (25–33%) [2] Class: Antibiotic, penicillin Pancreatitis [6]
Half-life: 4 hours
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Clinically important, potentially hazardous Local
Dystonia [4] interactions with: estrogens, methotrexate, Injection-site irritation [2]
Myasthenia gravis [73] minocycline, neomycin, phenindione, probenecid, Injection-site pain [2]
Polymyositis [8] sulfinpyrazone, warfarin Injection-site reactions (>10%)
Respiratory Pregnancy category: B Other
Pulmonary toxicity [2] Adverse effects [4]
Endocrine/Metabolic Skin
Gynecomastia [5] Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [2]
Renal DRESS syndrome [2] PENTOXIFYLLINE
Glomerulonephritis [3] Hypersensitivity [3]
Nephrotoxicity [5] Serum sickness [2] Trade names: Pentoxil (Upsher-Smith), Trental
Proteinuria [2] Serum sickness-like reaction [2] (Sanofi-Aventis)
Urticaria [3] Indications: Peripheral vascular disease,
Hematologic intermittent claudication
Hemotoxicity [2] Central Nervous System
Fever [3] Class: Vasodilator, peripheral, Xanthine alkaloid
Other Half-life: 0.4–0.8 hours
Adverse effects [2] Neuromuscular/Skeletal Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Arthralgia [2] interactions with: abciximab, benazepril,
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic captopril, ceftobiprole, cilostazol, ciprofloxacin,
Diarrhea [2] citalopram, clevidipine, clopidogrel, diclofenac,
enalapril, eptifibatide, fosinopril, insulin degludec,
insulin glargine, insulin glulisine, irbesartan,
PENTOXIFYLLINE Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
lisinopril, meloxicam, olmesartan, quinapril, Cardiovascular Neuromuscular/Skeletal

ramipril, tinzaparin Hypertension (2%) Arthralgia (<3%)
Pregnancy category: C Central Nervous System Asthenia (fatigue) (<12%) [18]
Behavioral disturbances [2] Ataxia (<8%) [7]
Skin Insomnia (3%) Back pain (2–5%)
Flushing (2%) [2] Bone or joint pain (<2%)
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Myalgia/Myopathy (<3%)
Mucosal Constipation (4%) Pain in extremities (<3%)
Xerostomia [2] Diarrhea (8%) [6]
Nausea [4] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Vomiting [4] Constipation (2–3%)
Nausea (3–8%) [6]
PEPPERMINT Endocrine/Metabolic Vomiting (2–4%) [2]
ALT increased (3%)
Family: Labiatae AST increased (3%) Respiratory
Scientific name: Mentha piperita Creatine phosphokinase increased (4%) Cough (<4%)
Indications: Dyspepsia, regress pancreatic, Hyperglycemia (5%) Nasopharyngitis [2]
mammary, and liver tumors, irritable bowel Upper respiratory tract infection (3–4%)
Hematologic
syndrome, colonic spasm, colic, nausea, vomiting,
Leukopenia [2] Endocrine/Metabolic
biliary disorders, common cold, dysmenorrhoea, Hyponatremia (<2%)
anxiolytic. Topical: pain, itching, inflammations, Weight gain (4%) [8]
headaches, toothache, pruritus, urticaria,
Ocular
mosquito repellant. Vapor: bronchial catarrh,
Diplopia (<3%)
fever, influenza. Flavoring, cosmetics, toothpaste,
mouthwash PERAMPANEL Vision blurred (<4%)
Class: Analgesic, Antiemetic, Carminative, Other
Vasodilator, peripheral Trade name: Fycompa (Eisai) Adverse effects [6]
Half-life: N/A Indications: Partial-onset seizures, primary
Clinically important, potentially hazardous generalized tonic-clonic seizures
interactions with: cisapride Class: AMPA glutamate receptor antagonist,
Anticonvulsant, Antiepileptic
PERINDOPRIL
Half-life: ~105 hours Trade names: Aceon (Solvay), Prestalia
Clinically important, potentially hazardous (Symplmed)
Skin interactions with: alcohol, carbamazepine, oral
Burning (anal) [3] Indications: Hypertension, coronary disease
contraceptives, oxcarbazepine, phenobarbital, Class: Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)
Contact dermatitis [5] phenytoin, primidone, rifampin, St John’s wort
Dermatitis [5] inhibitor, Antihypertensive
Pregnancy category: C Half-life: 1.5–3 hours
Hypersensitivity [2] Important contra-indications noted in the
Sensitivity [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing interactions with: none known
Mucosal mothers; pediatric patients Pregnancy category: D (category C in first
Cheilitis [3] Warning: SERIOUS PSYCHIATRIC AND trimester; category D in second and third
Oral ulceration [2] BEHAVIORAL REACTIONS trimesters)
Stomatitis [2] Important contra-indications noted in the
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Skin prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Dyspepsia [3] Peripheral edema (<2%) pediatric patients
Hepatotoxicity [2] Mucosal Note: Prestalia is perindopril and amlodipine.
Nausea [2] Oropharyngeal pain (2%) Warning: FETAL TOXICITY
Vomiting [2]
Other Aggression (<3%) [11] Skin
Adverse effects [6] Anxiety (2–4%) Angioedema [6]
Allergic reactions [2] Balance disorder (<5%) Edema (4%)
Side effects [3] Behavioral disturbances [6] Peripheral edema [4]
Confusion (<2%) Pruritus (<10%)
Depression [2] Rash (<10%)
PERAMIVIR Dysarthria (<4%) Mucosal
Euphoria (<2%) Tongue edema [2]
Trade name: Rapivab (BioCryst) Gait instability (<4%) [11] Central Nervous System
Indications: Influenza Headache (11–13%) [15] Paresthesias (2%)
Class: Antiviral, Neuraminidase inhibitor Hypersomnia (<3%) Vertigo (dizziness) [3]
Half-life: ~20 hours Hypoesthesia (<3%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Incoordination (<2%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal
interactions with: live attenuated influenza Irritability (4–12%) [16] Back pain (6%)
vaccine Memory loss (<2%) Respiratory
Pregnancy category: C Mood changes (<2%) Cough (12%) [17]
Important contra-indications noted in the Neurotoxicity [2] Other
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Paresthesias (<2%) Adverse effects [2]
pediatric patients Sedation [3]
Seizures [3]
Skin Somnolence (drowsiness) (9–18%) [32]
Rash [2] Suicidal ideation [3]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual PHENTERMINE
betamethasone, bictegravir/emtricitabine/ Neuromuscular/Skeletal

PERPHENAZINE tenofovir alafenamide, boceprevir, Asthenia (fatigue) [2]
brompheniramine, buclizine, buprenorphine, Hypoplasia of phalanges [2]
Trade names: Decentan (Merck), Fentazin cabazitaxel, cabozantinib, caffeine, calcifediol,
(Goldshield), Trilafon (Schering) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
chlorpheniramine, cobicistat/elvitegravir/ Hepatotoxicity [2]
Indications: Psychotic disorders, nausea and emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil, crizotinib,
vomiting darunavir, dasabuvir/ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ Local
Class: Antiemetic, Antipsychotic, Phenothiazine ritonavir, dasatinib, deferasirox, delavirdine, Injection-site pain (>10%)
Half-life: 9 hours dexamethasone, dicumarol, doxercalciferol, Injection-site thrombophlebitis (>10%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous dronedarone, eliglustat, emtricitabine/rilpivirine/ Other
interactions with: cobicistat/elvitegravir/ tenofovir alafenamide, enzalutamide, estradiol, Allergic reactions [2]
emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide, cobicistat/ ethanolamine, ethosuximide, etravirine, Death [2]
elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil, fesoterodine, flibanserin, fluconazole, flunisolide, Side effects [2]
paroxetine hydrochloride, sparfloxacin fosamprenavir, gefitinib, hydrocortisone, imatinib, Teratogenicity [5]
Pregnancy category: C indinavir, influenza vaccine, itraconazole,
Note: Perphenazine is also used in combination ixabepilone, lacosamide, lapatinib, ledipasvir &
with amitriptyline. sofosbuvir, lisdexamfetamine, lopinavir,
meperidine, methsuximide, methylprednisolone,
PHENTERMINE
Skin midazolam, mifepristone, nilotinib, ombitasvir/
Trade names: Adipex-P (Teva), Ionamin
Exanthems [2] paritaprevir/ritonavir, oxcarbazepine,
(Celltech), Lomaira (Avanthi), Qsymia (Vivus)
Lupus erythematosus [4] oxtriphylline, paroxetine hydrochloride,
Indications: Obesity
Rash (<10%) perampanel, piracetam, pizotifen, prednisolone,
Class: Amphetamine
prednisone, propranolol, ranolazine, regorafenib,
Central Nervous System Half-life: 19–24 hours
rilpivirine, riociguat, rivaroxaban, roflumilast,
Tardive dyskinesia [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
romidepsin, rufinamide, simeprevir, sodium
Neuromuscular/Skeletal interactions with: fluoxetine, fluvoxamine,
oxybate, sofosbuvir, sofosbuvir & velpatasvir,
Rhabdomyolysis [2] MAO inhibitors, paroxetine hydrochloride,
sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/voxilaprevir, solifenacin,
phenelzine, sertraline, tranylcypromine
Endocrine/Metabolic sonidegib, sorafenib, sunitinib, telaprevir,
Mastodynia (<10%) telithromycin, temsirolimus, teniposide, tenofovir
alafenamide, tezacaftor/ivacaftor, tiagabine,
Genitourinary prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
ticagrelor, tipranavir, trabectedin, triamcinolone,
Priapism [2] mothers; pediatric patients
ulipristal, vandetanib, vemurafenib, voriconazole,
Note: Qsymia is phentermine and topiramate.
warfarin
PHELLODENDRON Important contra-indications noted in the Mucosal
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Xerostomia [7]
Family: Rutaceae mothers Cardiovascular
Scientific names: Phellodendron amurense, Note: Aromatic antiepileptic drugs, phenytoin, Cardiotoxicity [3]
Phellodendron chinense, Phellodendron wilsonii phenobarbital, carbamazepine and primidone, are Hypertension [11]
Indications: Anti-inflammatory, muscle and joint a frequent cause of severe cutaneous adverse Palpitation [3]
pain, gastroenteritis, abdominal pain, diarrhea, reactions. A strong genetic association between Tachycardia [5]
gastric ulcers, thrush, cholera, night sweats, fever, HLA-B*1502 and phenobarbital-induced Stevens- Valvulopathy [17]
nocturnal emissions, dysentery, jaundice, Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis
leukorrhea, weakness and edema of legs, Central Nervous System
has been shown in Han Chinese patients.
consumptive fever. Topical: sores, skin infection Anxiety [2]
with local redness and swelling, eczema with Cognitive impairment [4]
Skin Depression [3]
itching, periodontal disease (in dentifrice)
Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome Dysgeusia (taste perversion) [5]
Class: COX-2 selective inhibitor,
[10] Headache [2]
Immunosuppressant
Bullous dermatitis [5] Insomnia [8]
Half-life: N/A
DRESS syndrome [15] Paresthesias [7]
Erythema multiforme [7] Vertigo (dizziness) [5]
interactions with: aspirin, NSAIDs
Erythroderma [2]
Pregnancy category: N/A Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Exanthems [13]
Note: Contra-indicated in patients with impaired Constipation [6]
renal function, impaired heart function, or Endocrine/Metabolic
Fixed eruption [9]
hypertension. Acidosis [3]
Lupus erythematosus [2] Renal
Purpura [2] Nephrotoxicity [2]
PHENOBARBITAL Rash [4]
Other
Synonyms: phenobarbitone; Toxic epidermal necrolysis [28] Death [4]
phenylethylmalonylurea Teratogenicity [2]
Trade name: Luminal (Sanofi-Aventis)
Nails
Nail hypoplasia [2]
Indications: Insomnia, seizures
Class: Anticonvulsant, Barbiturate, CYP3A4 Mucosal
inducer Gingival hyperplasia/hypertrophy [4]
Half-life: 2–6 days Central Nervous System
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Behavioral disturbances [3]
interactions with: abacavir, abiraterone, afatinib, Somnolence (drowsiness) [2]
alcohol, amprenavir, anticoagulants, Vertigo (dizziness) [2]
antihistamines, apremilast, aprepitant,
PHENTOLAMINE See all our books at www.crcpress.com
aprepitant, artemether/lumefantrine, Skin

PHENTOLAMINE beclomethasone, bictegravir/emtricitabine/ Acne keloid [2]
tenofovir alafenamide, boceprevir, brigatinib, Acneform eruption [8]
Trade name: Regitine (Novartis) brivaracetam, buprenorphine, cabazitaxel, AGEP [5]
Indications: Hypertensive episodes in cabozantinib, caffeine, calcium, capecitabine, Angioedema [2]
pheochromocytoma caspofungin, cefazolin, ceritinib, chloramphenicol, Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome
Class: Adrenergic alpha-receptor antagonist cimetidine, ciprofloxacin, citalopram, clobazam, [10]
Half-life: 19 minutes clorazepate, cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/ Coarse facies [4]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous tenofovir disoproxil, cobimetinib, colesevelam, Dermatomyositis [2]
interactions with: none known copanlisib, crizotinib, cyclosporine, cyproterone, DRESS syndrome [34]
Pregnancy category: C dabigatran, daclatasvir, darunavir, dasabuvir/ Erythema multiforme [11]
Important contra-indications noted in the ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir, dasatinib, Erythroderma [9]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers deferasirox, deflazacort, delavirdine, Exanthems (6–71%) [22]
dexamethasone, diazoxide, disulfiram, dopamine, Exfoliative dermatitis [15]
Skin doxycycline, dronedarone, efavirenz, elbasvir & Fixed eruption [5]
Flushing (<10%) [2] grazoprevir, eliglustat, emtricitabine/rilpivirine/ Hypersensitivity [47]
tenofovir alafenamide, enzalutamide, erlotinib, Kaposi’s varicelliform eruption [2]
eslicarbazepine, ethosuximide, etravirine, Linear IgA bullous dermatosis [8]
Headache [2]
everolimus, ezogabine, fesoterodine, flibanserin, Lupus erythematosus [19]
Genitourinary floxuridine, fluconazole, flunisolide, fluoxetine, Lymphoma [6]
Priapism [4] fosamprenavir, gefitinib, gold & gold compounds, Mycosis fungoides [7]
hydrocortisone, ibrutinib, idelalisib, imatinib, Pemphigus [2]
indinavir, influenza vaccine, isoniazid, isotretinoin, Pigmentation [4]
PHENYLEPHRINE isradipine, itraconazole, ixabepilone, ixazomib, Pruritus [5]
lacosamide, lapatinib, ledipasvir & sofosbuvir, Pseudolymphoma [31]
Trade names: Rynatan (MedPointe), Tussi-12D leflunomide, letermovir, levodopa, Purple glove syndrome [10]
(MedPointe) levomepromazine, levonorgestrel, Purpura [4]
Indications: Nasal congestion, glaucoma, lisdexamfetamine, lomustine, lopinavir, Pustules [3]
hypotension meperidine, metformin, methsuximide, Rash (<10%) [13]
Class: Adrenergic alpha-receptor agonist, methylprednisolone, metronidazole, midazolam, Reticular hyperplasia [2]
Sympathomimetic midostaurin, mifepristone, mivacurium, Serum sickness-like reaction [2]
Half-life: 2.5 hours naldemedine, nelfinavir, neratinib, nifedipine, Stevens-Johnson syndrome (14%) [60]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous nilotinib, nilutamide, nintedanib, olaparib, Toxic epidermal necrolysis (2%) [66]
interactions with: epinephrine, furazolidone, ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir, omeprazole, Urticaria [5]
iobenguane, MAO inhibitors, oxprenolol, ondansetron, osimertinib, oxcarbazepine, Vasculitis (2%) [11]
phenelzine, tranylcypromine oxtriphylline, palbociclib, paroxetine Hair
Pregnancy category: C hydrochloride, pemetrexed, perampanel, Alopecia [3]
Important contra-indications noted in the phenylbutazone, pimavanserin, piracetam, Hirsutism [8]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; ponatinib, posaconazole, prednisolone,
pediatric patients prednisone, propranolol, regorafenib, rifapentine, Nails
rilpivirine, riociguat, risperidone, ritonavir, Nail changes [2]
rivaroxaban, roflumilast, romidepsin, saquinavir, Nail hypoplasia [3]
Skin
simeprevir, sofosbuvir, sofosbuvir & velpatasvir, Mucosal
Dermatitis [16]
sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/voxilaprevir, solifenacin, Gingival hyperplasia/hypertrophy (>10%)
sonidegib, sorafenib, St John’s wort, sucralfate, [57]
Stinging (from nasal or ophthalmic
sunitinib, tegafur/gimeracil/oteracil, telaprevir, Mucocutaneous eruption [2]
preparations) (<10%)
telithromycin, temsirolimus, teniposide, tenofovir
Cardiovascular Cardiovascular
alafenamide, tezacaftor/ivacaftor, thalidomide,
Bradycardia [3] Bradycardia [3]
tiagabine, ticagrelor, ticlopidine, tinidazole,
Hypertension [2] Polyarteritis nodosa [2]
tipranavir, tizanidine, tolvaptan, triamcinolone,
Ocular trimethoprim, ulipristal, uracil/tegafur, Central Nervous System
Blepharoconjunctivitis [4] valbenazine, vandetanib, vemurafenib, venetoclax, Ageusia (taste loss) [2]
Periorbital dermatitis [4] vigabatrin, vorapaxar, voriconazole, vortioxetine, Fetal hydantoin syndrome [8]
zidovudine, zuclopenthixol Hallucinations [2]
Other Neurotoxicity [2]
Adverse effects [2] Paresthesias [2]
Note: Aromatic antiepileptic drugs, phenytoin,
phenobarbital, carbamazepine and primidone, are Restless legs syndrome [2]
a frequent cause of severe cutaneous adverse Neuromuscular/Skeletal
PHENYTOIN reactions. A strong genetic association between Digital malformations [4]
HLA-B*1502 and phenytoin-induced Stevens- Myalgia/Myopathy [2]
Synonyms: diphenylhydantoin; DPH; phenytoin Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis Myasthenia gravis [2]
sodium has been shown in Han Chinese patients. Osteoporosis [2]
Trade name: Dilantin (Pfizer) Children whose mothers receive phenytoin Rhabdomyolysis [6]
Indications: Grand mal seizures during pregnancy are born with fetal hydantoin
Class: Antiarrhythmic class Ib, Anticonvulsant, Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
syndrome. The main features of this syndrome
Antiepileptic, hydantoin, CYP3A4 inducer Hepatotoxicity [10]
are mental and growth retardation, unusual facies,
Half-life: 7–42 hours (dose dependent) digital and nail hypoplasia, and coarse scalp hair. Respiratory
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Occasionally neonatal acne will be present. Cough [2]
interactions with: abacavir, abiraterone, Ocular
acitretin, afatinib, amiodarone, amitriptyline, Hallucinations, visual [2]
amlodipine, amprenavir, apixaban, apremilast,
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual PIMECROLIMUS
Local
Injection-site extravasation [2] PHYTONADIONE PIMAVANSERIN
Injection-site necrosis [2]
Synonym: vitamin K1 Trade name: Nuplazid (Acadia)
Other Trade names: Mephyton (Valeant), Vitamin K Indications: Hallucinations and delusions
Adverse effects [3] (AbbVie) associated with Parkinson’s disease psychosis
Death [4] Indications: Coagulation disorders Class: Antipsychotic
Hiccups [2] Class: Vitamin Half-life: 57 hours
Teratogenicity [3] Half-life: 2–4 hours Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Clinically important, potentially hazardous interactions with: amiodarone, carbamazepine,
interactions with: cholestyramine, orlistat, chlorpromazine, clarithromycin, disopyramide,
PHYSOSTIGMINE warfarin drugs known to prolong the QT interval,
Pregnancy category: C gatifloxacin, indinavir, itraconazole, ketoconazole,
Synonym: eserine Important contra-indications noted in the moxifloxacin, phenytoin, procainamide, quinidine,
Indications: Miotic in glaucoma treatment, prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; rifampin, sotalol, St John’s wort, strong CYP3A4
reverses toxic CNS effects caused by pediatric patients inhibitors and inducers, thioridazine, ziprasidone
anticholinergic drugs Pregnancy category: N/A (No available data to
Class: Cholinesterase inhibitor Skin inform drug-associated risk)
Half-life: 15–40 minutes Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [4] Important contra-indications noted in the
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Dermatitis [9] prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
interactions with: bethanechol, corticosteroids, Eczema [2] mothers; pediatric patients
galantamine, methacholine, succinylcholine Nicolau syndrome [2] Warning: INCREASED MORTALITY IN
Pregnancy category: C Scleroderma [12] ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH DEMENTIA-
Important contra-indications noted in the Urticaria [4] RELATED PSYCHOSIS
Note: Antilirium is a derivative of the Calabar Local
Injection-site eczematous eruption [10] Skin
bean, and its active moiety, physostigmine, is also Peripheral edema (7%) [5]
known as eserine. Physostigmine is used to Injection-site erythema [2]
reverse the effect upon the nervous system Injection-site induration [15] Cardiovascular
caused by clinical or toxic dosages of drugs and Other QT prolongation [3]
herbs capable of producing the anticholinergic Allergic reactions [2] Central Nervous System
syndrome. Some of the drugs responsible are: Confusion (6%) [4]
amitriptyline, amoxapine, atropine, benztropine, Gait instability (2%) [6]
biperiden, clidinium, cyclobenzaprine,
desipramine, doxepin, hyoscyamine, imipramine,
PILOCARPINE Hallucinations (5%) [3]
Headache [2]
lorazepam, maprotiline, nortriptyline, Trade names: Ocusert Pilo (Akorn), Pilopine Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
protriptyline, propantheline, scopolamine, (Alcon), Salagen (MGI) Constipation (4%)
trimipramine. Some herbals that can elicit the Indications: Glaucoma, miosis induction, Nausea (7%) [2]
anticholinergic syndrome are black henbane, xerostomia
deadly nightshade, Devil’s apple, Jimson weed, Genitourinary
Class: Miotic, Muscarinic cholinergic agonist Urinary tract infection [5]
Loco seeds or weeds, Matrimony vine, night Half-life: N/A
blooming jessamine, stinkweed. Clinically important, potentially hazardous
interactions with: acebutolol, galantamine
Skin Pregnancy category: C PIMECROLIMUS
Diaphoresis (>10%) Important contra-indications noted in the
Erythema (<10%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Trade name: Elidel (Valeant)
pediatric patients Indications: Second-line therapy for the short-
Mucosal term and non-continuous chronic treatment of
Sialorrhea (>10%) mild to moderate atopic dermatitis
Cardiovascular Skin Class: Immunomodulator, Macrolactam
Atrial fibrillation [2] Burning (<10%) Half-life: N/A
Bradycardia [3] Dermatitis [4] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Diaphoresis [6] interactions with: abatacept, alcohol, alefacept,
Central Nervous System Edema (4%)
Seizures (<10%) [4] aprepitant, azacitidine, betamethasone,
Hyperhidrosis [2] cabazitaxel, calcium channel blockers, cimetidine,
Twitching (<10%) Hypersensitivity (<10%) conivaptan, CYP3A4 inhibitors, darunavir,
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Stinging (<10%) delavirdine, denileukin, docetaxel, efavirenz,
Nausea [4] Central Nervous System erythromycin, fingolimod, fluconazole, gefitinib,
Vomiting [3] Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (2%) immunosuppressants, indinavir, itraconazole,
Ocular Headache [2] ketoconazole, lapatinib, leflunomide,
Epiphora (>10%) Ocular lenalidomide, oxaliplatin, pazopanib, pemetrexed,
Ocular burning (<10%) Cataract [2] telithromycin, temsirolimus, triamcinolone,
Ocular stinging (>10%) voriconazole
pediatric patients
Warning: LONG-TERM SAFETY OF TOPICAL
CALCINEURIN INHIBITORS HAS NOT BEEN
ESTABLISHED.
PIMECROLIMUS Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Skin
Burning [4] PIOGLITAZONE PIPERACILLIN/
Dermatitis [2]
Peripheral edema [3] Trade name: Actos (Takeda) TAZOBACTAM
Rosacea [5] Indications: Type II diabetes
Class: Antidiabetic, CYP3A4 inducer, Trade name: Zosyn (Wyeth)
Tinea [3]
Thiazolidinedione Indications: Moderate to severe infections
Cardiovascular Half-life: 3–7 hours Class: Antibacterial
Cardiac arrest [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous Half-life: 0.7–1.2 hours
Respiratory interactions with: alcohol, conivaptan, Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Upper respiratory tract infection (19%) corticosteroids, CYP2C8 inhibitors and inducers, interactions with: heparin, methotrexate
dapagliflozin, deferasirox, gemfibrozil, insulin, Pregnancy category: B
Local Important contra-indications noted in the
Application-site burning (8–26%) pegvisomant, pregabalin, rifampin, saxagliptin,
somatropin, teriflunomide, trimethoprim prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers
Application-site reactions (2%)
Other Important contra-indications noted in the Skin
Infection (5%) [2] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; AGEP [2]
pediatric patients DRESS syndrome [3]
Note: Contra-indicated in patients with Hypersensitivity [2]
PIMOZIDE established NYHA Class III or IV heart failure. Rash [5]
Warning: CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE
Trade name: Orap (Teva) Fever [3]
Indications: Tourette’s syndrome, schizophrenia Skin Neurotoxicity [2]
Class: Antipsychotic Edema (4–11%) [29]
Half-life: 50 hours Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Diarrhea [4]
interactions with: amitriptyline, amoxapine, Cardiovascular Hepatotoxicity [3]
amphetamines, amprenavir, aprepitant, arsenic, Cardiac failure (<10%) [14] Nausea [2]
artemether/lumefantrine, astemizole, atazanavir, Cardiomyopathy [3] Vomiting [2]
azithromycin, azole antifungals, boceprevir, Cardiotoxicity [2]
Endocrine/Metabolic
ceritinib, citalopram, clarithromycin, crizotinib, Myocardial infarction [3]
Hypokalemia [3]
darunavir, dasabuvir/ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ Central Nervous System
Renal
ritonavir, dasatinib, degarelix, delavirdine, Headache (9%) [4]
Nephrotoxicity [5]
dirithromycin, dolasetron, droperidol, efavirenz, Stroke [2]
eluxadoline, enzalutamide, erythromycin, Hematologic
fluoxetine, fosamprenavir, grapefruit juice, Hemolytic anemia [3]
imatinib, indinavir, itraconazole, ketoconazole, Hemotoxicity [2]
Bone loss [4]
lapatinib, letermovir, levofloxacin, Thrombocytopenia [4]
Fractures [10]
levomepromazine, lopinavir, lurasidone, Myalgia/Myopathy (5%) Other
methylphenidate, mifepristone, moxifloxacin, Adverse effects [4]
nefazodone, nelfinavir, nilotinib, ombitasvir/ Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
paritaprevir/ritonavir, paroxetine hydrochloride, Diarrhea [4]
pazopanib, pemoline, phenothiazines, Hepatotoxicity [8]
posaconazole, protease inhibitors, quinidine, Nausea [3] PIRFENIDONE
quinine, ribociclib, ritonavir, saquinavir, sertraline, Vomiting [2]
Trade name: Esbriet (Intermune)
sotalol, sparfloxacin, sulpiride, telaprevir, Respiratory
Indications: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
telavancin, telithromycin, thioridazine, tipranavir, Nasopharyngitis [3]
Class: Immunosuppressant, Pyridone
tricyclic antidepressants, trifluoperazine, Pharyngitis (5%)
Half-life: 3 hours
troleandomycin, vandetanib, voriconazole, Sinusitis (6%)
vorinostat, zileuton, ziprasidone Upper respiratory tract infection (13%)
interactions with: ciprofloxacin, fluvoxamine
Pregnancy category: C Endocrine/Metabolic Pregnancy category: C
Important contra-indications noted in the Hypoglycemia [10] Important contra-indications noted in the
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Weight gain [19] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
pediatric patients
Genitourinary pediatric patients
Bladder cancer [7]
Skin
Hematologic Skin
Facial edema (<10%)
Anemia (<2%) [2] Photosensitivity (9%) [22]
Rash (8%)
Pancytopenia [2] Phototoxicity [2]
Mucosal Pruritus (8%) [3]
Sialorrhea (14%) Ocular Rash (30%) [14]
Xerostomia (>10%) [3] Macular edema [2]
Cardiovascular
Cardiovascular Other Chest pain (5%) [3]
QT prolongation [4] Adverse effects [4]
Death [3] Central Nervous System
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Tooth disorder (5%) Anorexia (13%) [11]
Myalgia/Myopathy (3%) Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (6%)
Endocrine/Metabolic Headache (22%) [3]
Gynecomastia (>10%) Insomnia (10%)
Sedation [2]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual PLECANATIDE
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Stevens-Johnson syndrome [2] Nasopharyngitis (<2%) [2]

Arthralgia (10%) Toxic epidermal necrolysis [12] Endocrine/Metabolic
Asthenia (fatigue) (6–26%) [9] Urticaria [7] ALT increased [2]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Vasculitis [3] AST increased [2]
Abdominal pain (24%) [7] Vesiculation [2] Creatine phosphokinase increased [2]
Diarrhea (26%) [12] Hair Other
Dyspepsia (19%) [10] Alopecia [3] Adverse effects [4]
Gastroesophageal reflux (11%) [6] Mucosal
Gastrointestinal disorder [3] Aphthous stomatitis [4]
Hepatotoxicity [5]
Nausea (36%) [20] Central Nervous System PLAZOMICIN *
Vomiting (13%) [7] Anorexia (<10%)
Vertigo (dizziness) (<10%) Trade name: Zemdri (Achaogen Inc)
Respiratory Indications: treatment of patients 18 years of
Bronchitis [2] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Abdominal pain (<10%) age or older with Complicated Urinary Tract
Cough [3] Infections (cUTI) including Pyelonephritis
Dyspnea [3] Constipation (<10%)
Diarrhea (<10%) Class: Antibiotic, aminoglycoside
Nasopharyngitis [2] Half-life: 3.5 hours
Sinusitis (11%) Dyspepsia (<10%)
Flatulence (<10%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Upper respiratory tract infection (27%) [3] interactions with: none known
Gastrointestinal ulceration (<10%)
Endocrine/Metabolic Nausea (<10%) Pregnancy category: N/A (Aminoglycosides can
ALT increased [5] Vomiting (<10%) cause fetal harm, however, there are no available
Appetite decreased (8%) [4] data on the use of Plazomicin in pregnant women
AST increased [5] Renal to inform a drug associated risk of adverse
Hyponatremia [3] Renal function abnormal (<10%) developmental outcomes.)
Weight loss (10%) [4] Otic Warning: NEPHROTOXICITY, OTOTOXICITY,
Other Hearing loss [2] NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCKADE and FETAL
Tinnitus [2] HARM
Adverse effects [9]
Other
Adverse effects [2] Cardiovascular
Hypertension (2%)
PIROXICAM Side effects (47%)
Trade name: Feldene (Pfizer) Diarrhea (2%)
Indications: Arthritis PITAVASTATIN Endocrine/Metabolic
Class: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID) Serum creatinine increased (7%)
Half-life: 50 hours Trade name: Livalo (Kowa)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Indications: Primary hyperlipidemia, mixed Renal
interactions with: ACE inhibitors, aspirin, dyslipidemia Renal function abnormal (4%)
furosemide, lithium, methotrexate, ritonavir, Class: Statin
warfarin Half-life: 12 hours
Pregnancy category: D (pregnancy category C Clinically important, potentially hazardous PLECANATIDE
prior to 30 weeks gestation; category D starting interactions with: alcohol, cyclosporine,
at 30 weeks gestation) erythromycin, gemfibrozil, letermovir, lopinavir, Trade name: Trulance (Synergy)
Important contra-indications noted in the niacin, rifampin, ritonavir, sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/ Indications: Chronic idiopathic constipation
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing voxilaprevir Class: Guanylate cyclase-C agonist
mothers Pregnancy category: X Half-life: N/A
Note: NSAIDs may cause an increased risk of Important contra-indications noted in the Clinically important, potentially hazardous
serious cardiovascular and gastrointestinal prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; interactions with: none known
adverse events, which can be fatal. This risk may pediatric patients Pregnancy category: N/A (Insufficient data to
increase with duration of use. Note: Contra-indicated in patients with active inform drug-associated risks)
Elderly patients are at greater risk for serious liver disease. Important contra-indications noted in the
gastrointestinal events. prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Warning: CARDIOVASCULAR AND Skin mothers; pediatric patients
GASTROINTESTINAL RISKS Hypersensitivity (<2%) Warning: RISK OF SERIOUS DEHYDRATION
Rash (<2%) IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS
Skin Urticaria (<2%)
AGEP [2] Central Nervous System Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Angioedema [3] Headache (<2%) Abdominal distension (<2%)
Dermatitis [5] Abdominal pain [2]
Erythema multiforme [12] Neuromuscular/Skeletal Diarrhea (5%) [9]
Erythroderma [2] Arthralgia (<2%) Flatulence (<2%)
Exanthems (>5%) [8] Back pain (2–4%) Nausea [3]
Fixed eruption [15] Myalgia/Myopathy (2–3%) [5] Vomiting [2]
Lichenoid eruption [5] Pain in extremities (<2%)
Respiratory
Linear IgA bullous dermatosis [3] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Sinusitis (<2%)
Pemphigus [3] Constipation (2–4%) Upper respiratory tract infection (<2%)
Photosensitivity [40] Diarrhea (2–3%)
Pruritus (<10%) [6] Endocrine/Metabolic
Respiratory ALT increased (<2%)
Purpura [2] Influenza (<2%)
Rash (>10%) AST increased (<2%)
PNEUMOCOCCAL VACCINE See all our books at www.crcpress.com
thromboembolic diseases. Mucosal

PNEUMOCOCCAL Epistaxis (nosebleed) (15%)
VACCINE Skin Cardiovascular
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [4] Chest pain (22%)
Trade names: PCV (Lederle), PncOMP (Merck), Pigmentation [2] Venous thromboembolism [8]
Pneumovax II (Sanofi-Aventis), Pnu-Immune Urticaria [2] Central Nervous System
(Lederle), PPV (Lederle), Prevnar (Wyeth) Cardiovascular Anorexia [2]
Indications: Prevention of bacteremia, Cardiac arrest [2] Anxiety (11%)
meningitis, pneumonia, respiratory tract Phlebitis [2] Chills (9%)
infections, otitis media, sinusitis Confusion (10%)
Class: Vaccine Fever (19%) [3]
Migraine [2]
Half-life: N/A Headache (13%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Neuromuscular/Skeletal Insomnia (7%)
interactions with: none known Leg pain [2] Neurotoxicity (18%) [3]
Pregnancy category: C Hematologic Pain (6%)
Thrombosis [2] Peripheral neuropathy (10%) [3]
Skin Local Tremor (9%) [2]
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [2] Injection-site hematoma (42%) Vertigo (dizziness) (20%)
Rash [2] Injection-site irritation (41%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Serum sickness [2] Injection-site pain (24%) Arthralgia (16%)
Sweet’s syndrome [2] Injection-site pigmentation (38%) Asthenia (fatigue) (12–55%) [11]
Urticaria [5] Injection-site pruritus (19%) Back pain (32%) [3]
Central Nervous System Injection-site reactions [3] Bone or joint pain (11–12%) [2]
Fever [21] Injection-site thrombosis (6%) Muscle spasm (19%)
Headache [4] Myalgia/Myopathy [2]
Irritability [3] Pain in extremities (5%)
Seizures [4]
Sleep disturbances [2]
POLYPODIUM LEUCO- Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Neuromuscular/Skeletal TOMOS Diarrhea (34%) [2]
Arthralgia [3] Nausea (36%)
Asthenia (fatigue) [7] Family: Polypodiaceae Vomiting (14%)
Myalgia/Myopathy [4] Scientific names: Anapsos, Calagualine, Calagula,
Difur, Fernblock, Heliocare, Polypodium leucotomos
Respiratory
Respiratory Indications: Oral and topical photoprotection, Cough (14%)
Respiratory tract infection [2] vitiligo, psoriasis, dermatitis, arthritis Dyspnea (34%) [5]
Endocrine/Metabolic Class: Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidant Pneumonia (23%) [7]
Half-life: N/A Upper respiratory tract infection (32%)
Appetite decreased [3]
Local Clinically important, potentially hazardous Endocrine/Metabolic
interactions with: none known Appetite decreased (22%)
Injection-site edema [8]
Note: It is the first oral agent effective in reducing Dehydration [2]
side effects of PUVA treatment. Hypercalcemia (21%)
Injection-site induration [3]
Hyperglycemia (12%) [2]
Injection-site pain [10]
Hypocalcemia (6%)
Hypokalemia (10%)
Other POMALIDOMIDE Hyponatremia (10%)
Adverse effects [3] Serum creatinine increased (15%)
Trade name: Pomalyst (Celgene)
Indications: Multiple myeloma in patients who Weight loss (14%)
have received at least two prior therapies Genitourinary
POLIDOCANOL including lenalidomide and bortezomib Urinary tract infection (8%)
Class: Immunomodulator, Thalidomide analog Renal
Trade names: Asclera (Chemische Fabrik Half-life: 7.5–9.5 hours
Kreussler), Varithena (BTG)
Renal failure (15%)
Indications: Uncomplicated spider veins and interactions with: ketoconazole, P-glycoprotein, Hematologic
uncomplicated reticular veins in the lower rifampin Anemia (38%) [16]
extremity Pregnancy category: X Febrile neutropenia [3]
Class: Sclerosant, local Important contra-indications noted in the Leukopenia (11%) [3]
Half-life: 1.5 hours prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Lymphopenia (4%) [2]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous pediatric patients Myelosuppression [4]
interactions with: none known Warning: EMBRYO-FETAL TOXICITY and Neutropenia (52%) [27]
Pregnancy category: C VENOUS AND ARTERIAL Sepsis [2]
Important contra-indications noted in the THROMBOEMBOLISM Thrombocytopenia (25%) [17]
pediatric patients Death [3]
Note: Severe allergic reactions have been Skin
Edema [4] Infection [11]
reported following polidocanol use, including
anaphylactic reactions, some of them fatal. Severe Hyperhidrosis (6%)
reactions are more frequent with use of larger Peripheral edema (23%)
volumes (>3 mL). Pruritus (15%)
Contra-indicated in patients with acute Rash (22%) [2]
Xerosis (9%)
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual PRAMIPEXOLE
Bone or joint pain (16%) Angioedema (<10%)

POSACONAZOLE Myalgia/Myopathy (16%) Bullous pemphigoid [2]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Dermatitis herpetiformis [2]
Trade name: Noxafil (Schering) Iododerma [17]
Indications: Aspergillus and Candida infection Abdominal pain (5–27%) [3]
Constipation (21%) Psoriasis [2]
prophylaxis in immunocompromised patients Urticaria (<10%)
Class: Antibiotic, triazole, Antifungal, azole Diarrhea (10–42%) [6]
Dyspepsia (10%) Vasculitis [3]
Half-life: 35 hours
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Flatulence [2] Central Nervous System
interactions with: alprazolam, atazanavir, Hepatitis (<5%) Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (<10%) [2]
atorvastatin, boceprevir, brigatinib, cabozantinib, Hepatomegaly (<5%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
calcium channel blockers, cimetidine, copanlisib, Hepatotoxicity (<5%) [6] Gastrointestinal disorder [2]
cyclosporine, digoxin, dihydroergotamine, Nausea (9–38%) [13]
Vomiting (7–29%) [6] Endocrine/Metabolic
diltiazem, dronedarone, efavirenz, ergotamine, Hypothyroidism [2]
esomeprazole, everolimus, felodipine, flibanserin, Respiratory
fosamprenavir, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, Cough (3–25%)
ibrutinib, lapatinib, lomitapide, lovastatin, Dyspnea (<20%)
metoclopramide, midazolam, midostaurin, Pharyngitis (12%) PRALIDOXIME
mifepristone, neratinib, nicardipine, nifedipine, Pneumonia (3–10%)
olaparib, omeprazole, palbociclib, pantoprazole, Pulmonary embolism (<5%) Trade name: Protopam (Baxter)
phenytoin, pimozide, ponatinib, quinidine, Upper respiratory tract infection (7%) Indications: Muscle weakness and respiratory
regorafenib, rifabutin, rilpivirine, ritonavir, depression caused by organophosphate drugs
Endocrine/Metabolic which have anticholinesterase activity, antidote to
rivaroxaban, ruxolitinib, simeprevir, simvastatin, Adrenal insufficiency (<5%)
sirolimus, sonidegib, tacrolimus, telaprevir, overdose of anticholinesterase drugs
ALP increased (3–13%) Class: Antidote
temsirolimus, tezacaftor/ivacaftor, triazolam, ALT increased (3–11%) [2]
venetoclax, verapamil, vinblastine, vincristine, Half-life: 2.4–5.3 hours
AST increased (6–17%) [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
vorapaxar Dehydration (<11%)
Pregnancy category: C interactions with: succinylcholine
Hyperbilirubinemia [2] Pregnancy category: C
Important contra-indications noted in the Hyperglycemia (11%)
Hypocalcemia (9%) prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
pediatric patients Hypokalemia (30%) mothers
Hypomagnesemia (18%) Note: Pralidoxime is not effective in the
Skin Weight loss (<14%) treatment of poisoning due to phosphorus,
Edema (9%) Genitourinary inorganic phosphates, or organophosphates not
Herpes (14%) Vaginal bleeding (10%) having anticholinesterase activity. Pralidoxime is
Herpes simplex (3–15%) not indicated as an antidote for intoxication by
Hyperhidrosis (2–10%) Renal
Renal failure (<5%) pesticides of the carbamate class since it may
Jaundice (<5%) increase the toxicity of carbaryl. In therapy it has
Peripheral edema (15%) Hematologic been difficult to differentiate side effects due to
Petechiae (11%) Anemia (2–25%) the drug from those due to the effects of the
Pruritus (11%) Febrile neutropenia (20%) poison.
Rash (3–19%) [3] Hemolytic uremic syndrome (<5%)
Thrombocytopenic purpura (<5%) Neutropenia (4–23%) [2]
Mucosal
Epistaxis (nosebleed) (14%) Ocular
PRAMIPEXOLE
Mucositis (17%) Vision blurred (~2%) Trade name: Mirapex (Boehringer Ingelheim)
Oral candidiasis (<12%) Other Indications: Parkinsonism, restless legs
Cardiovascular Adverse effects [11] syndrome
Hypertension (18%) Allergic reactions (<5%) Class: Dopamine receptor agonist
Hypotension (14%) Infection (18%) Half-life: ~8 hours
QT prolongation [3] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Tachycardia (12%) interactions with: levomepromazine,
Torsades de pointes (<5%) risperidone, zuclopenthixol
POTASSIUM IODIDE Pregnancy category: C
Anorexia (2–19%) Important contra-indications noted in the
Synonyms: KI; Lugol’s solution
Anxiety (9%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Trade name: SSKI (Upsher-Smith)
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (~2%) pediatric patients
Indications: Hyperthyroidism, erythema
Fever (6–45%) nodosum, sporotrichosis
Headache (8–28%) [6] Class: Antihyperthyroid, Antimycobacterial Skin
Insomnia (<17%) Half-life: N/A Edema (5%)
Neurotoxicity [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous Peripheral edema (5%) [4]
Paresthesias (<5%) interactions with: ACE inhibitors, potassium- Mucosal
Rigors (<20%) sparing diuretics, spironolactone, triamterene Xerostomia (7%) [3]
Tremor (~2%) Pregnancy category: D
Vertigo (dizziness) (11%) [3] Important contra-indications noted in the Cardiovascular
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers Chest pain (3%)
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Hypotension (~53%) [2]
Arthralgia (11%) Orthostatic hypotension [2]
Asthenia (fatigue) (3–17%) [3] Skin
Back pain (10%) Acneform eruption (<10%) [3] Central Nervous System
Abnormal dreams (11%)
PRAMIPEXOLE Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Akathisia (2–3%) Chest pain (3%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal

Amnesia (4–6%) Hypertension (8%) Asthenia (fatigue) (3–8%)
Anorexia (<5%) Hypotension (4%) Bone or joint pain (25%)
Compulsions [6] Central Nervous System Cramps (5%)
Confusion [2] Fever (3%) Myalgia/Myopathy (2–3%) [9]
Depression (2%) Headache (6%) Rhabdomyolysis [24]
Dyskinesia (17–47%) [3] Vertigo (dizziness) (4%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Hallucinations (5–17%) [6] Abdominal distension (2%)
Headache (4–7%) [3] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Asthenia (fatigue) (4%) Diarrhea (7%)
Hyperesthesia (3%) Dyspepsia (3%)
Impulse control disorder [10] Back pain (5%)
Pain in extremities (3%) Flatulence (3%)
Insomnia (4–27%) [2] Nausea (7%)
Restless legs syndrome [2] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Pancreatitis [4]
Somnolence (drowsiness) (9–36%) [9] Diarrhea (3%) Vomiting (7%)
Tremor (4%) Gastrointestinal bleeding (2%)
Twitching (2%) Nausea (5%) Respiratory
Vertigo (dizziness) (2–26%) [6] Bronchitis (3%)
Respiratory Cough (3–8%)
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Cough (4%) Influenza (9%)
Antecollis [2] Dyspnea (5%) Pharyngitis (2%)
Arthralgia (4%) Respiratory distress [2] Pulmonary toxicity (4%)
Asthenia (fatigue) (<14%) [2] Endocrine/Metabolic Rhinitis (4%)
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Hypercholesterolemia (7%) Upper respiratory tract infection (6–21%)
Constipation [5] Hyperlipidemia (7%) Endocrine/Metabolic
Nausea [9] Hematologic ALT increased (3%)
Vomiting (4%) [3] Anemia (2%) Creatine phosphokinase increased (4%) [3]
Respiratory Bleeding (<14%) [25] GGT increased (2%)
Cough (3%) Hemorrhage [2] Weight gain (4%)
Dyspnea (4%) Leukopenia (3%) Weight loss (3%)
Rhinitis (3%) Other Genitourinary
Genitourinary Adverse effects [2] Urinary tract infection (3%)
Urinary frequency (6%) Malignant neoplasms (2%) Renal
Urinary tract infection (4%) Renal failure [2]
Other Ocular
Adverse effects (2%) [5] PRAVASTATIN Diplopia (3%)
Vision blurred (3%)
Trade names: Lipostat (Bristol-Myers Squibb),
Other
PRASUGREL Pravachol (Bristol-Myers Squibb)
Indications: Hypercholesterolemia Adverse effects [2]
Class: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, Statin Infection (3%)
Trade name: Effient (Lilly)
Indications: Acute coronary syndrome in Half-life: ~2–3 hours
patients who are to be managed with Clinically important, potentially hazardous
percutaneous coronary intervention interactions with: azithromycin, ciprofibrate, PRAZIQUANTEL
Class: Antiplatelet, thienopyridine clarithromycin, colchicine, cyclosporine,
Half-life: 2–15 hours darunavir, efavirenz, erythromycin, gemfibrozil, Trade name: Biltricide (Bayer)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous imatinib, letermovir, red rice yeast, telithromycin Indications: Helmintic infections
interactions with: cangrelor, clopidogrel, Pregnancy category: X Class: Anthelmintic
conivaptan, coumarins, darunavir, delavirdine, Important contra-indications noted in the Half-life: 0.8–1.5 hours
diclofenac, indinavir, meloxicam, NSAIDs, prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers Clinically important, potentially hazardous
phenindione, telithromycin, voriconazole, interactions with: dexamethasone, efavirenz,
warfarin Skin oxcarbazepine, rifampin, rifapentine
Pregnancy category: B Dermatomyositis [2] Pregnancy category: B
Important contra-indications noted in the Eczema (generalized) [2] Important contra-indications noted in the
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Edema (3%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers
mothers; pediatric patients Lichenoid eruption [2]
Note: Contra-indicated in patients with active Pruritus [2] Skin
pathological bleeding, prior transient ischemic Rash (5–7%) [7] Diaphoresis (<10%)
attack or stroke. Cardiovascular Edema [2]
Warning: BLEEDING RISK Angina (5%) Pruritus [3]
Chest pain (3–10%) Rash [2]
Skin Urticaria [5]
Hypersensitivity [2] Anxiety (5%) Central Nervous System
Peripheral edema (3%) Fever (2%) Fever [2]
Rash (3%) [4] Headache (6%) Headache [8]
Mucosal Nervousness (5%) Seizures [2]
Epistaxis (nosebleed) (6%) Paresthesias (3%) Somnolence (drowsiness) [2]
Sleep disturbances (3%) Vertigo (dizziness) [7]
Cardiovascular
Atrial fibrillation (3%) Vertigo (dizziness) (4–7%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Bradycardia (3%) Asthenia (fatigue) [3]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual PREGABALIN
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Nausea [2] Central Nervous System

Abdominal pain [10] Pancreatitis [2] Headache [3]
Diarrhea [5] Respiratory Leukoencephalopathy [3]
Nausea [5] Upper respiratory tract infection [2] Peripheral neuropathy [4]
Vomiting [7] Psychosis [2]
Endocrine/Metabolic
Other Cushing’s syndrome [2] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Adverse effects [2] Diabetes mellitus [4] Arthralgia [2]
Allergic reactions [2] Hyperglycemia [3] Asthenia (fatigue) [7]
Hypokalemia [7] Bone or joint pain [2]
Weight gain [2] Fractures [3]
PREDNISOLONE Hematologic
Osteonecrosis [3]
Anemia [3] Osteoporosis [23]
Trade names: Blephamide (Allergan), Delta- Febrile neutropenia [3]
Cortef (Pharmacia), Hydeltrasol (Merck), Neutropenia [4] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Inflamase (Novartis), Pediapred (UCB), Prelone Thrombocytopenia [2] Constipation [3]
(Teva) Diarrhea [4]
Indications: Arthralgias, asthma, dermatoses, Ocular Nausea [4]
inflammatory ocular conditions Cataract [5] Vomiting [2]
Class: Corticosteroid, systemic Chorioretinopathy [2]
Glaucoma [2] Respiratory
Half-life: 2–4 hours Cough [2]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Intraocular pressure increased [4]
interactions with: aluminum, aminophylline, Other
carbamazepine, carbimazole, cyclosporine, Adverse effects [12] Endocrine/Metabolic
daclizumab, diuretics, etoposide, etretinate, Allergic reactions [2] Diabetes mellitus [2]
grapefruit juice, indomethacin, isoniazid, Death [2] Hyperglycemia [3]
itraconazole, ketoconazole, live vaccines, Infection [18] Hypokalemia [2]
methotrexate, naproxen, oral contraceptives, Side effects [4] Weight gain [2]
pancuronium, phenobarbital, phenytoin, rifampin, Hematologic
troleandomycin Anemia [5]
Pregnancy category: C PREDNISONE Febrile neutropenia [3]
Leukopenia [3]
Skin Trade names: Deltasone (Pharmacia), Lymphopenia [3]
Acneform eruption [4] Meticorten (Schering) Neutropenia [15]
AGEP [2] Indications: Arthralgias, asthma, dermatoses, Thrombocytopenia [10]
Candidiasis [2] inflammatory ocular conditions Ocular
Cushingoid features [2] Class: Corticosteroid, systemic Cataract [3]
Dermatitis [3] Half-life: N/A Other
Edema [7] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Erythema [2] interactions with: aluminum, aminophylline,
Death [3]
Erythema multiforme [2] aspirin, chlorambucil, cimetidine, clarithromycin,
Infection [12]
Exanthems [3] cyclophosphamide, cyclosporine, dicumarol,
Side effects [3]
Flushing [2] diuretics, docetaxel, estrogens, grapefruit juice,
Kaposi’s sarcoma [3] indomethacin, influenza vaccine, itraconazole,
Pruritus [2] ketoconazole, lansoprazole, live vaccines,
Stevens-Johnson syndrome [2] methotrexate, montelukast, omeprazole, oral PREGABALIN
Toxicity [3] contraceptives, pancuronium, phenobarbital,
phenytoin, ranitidine, rifampin, timolol, Trade name: Lyrica (Pfizer)
Hair Indications: Neuropathy, post-herpetic
Alopecia [2] tolbutamide, vitamin A, yellow fever vaccine
Pregnancy category: B neuralgia, partial epilepsy, fibromyalgia
Cardiovascular Important contra-indications noted in the Class: Anticonvulsant, GABA analog
Atrial fibrillation [2] prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Half-life: 6 hours
Cardiotoxicity [4] mothers Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Hypertension [13] interactions with: lacosamide, pioglitazone
Tachycardia [2] Pregnancy category: C
Central Nervous System Dermatitis [4]
Behavioral disturbances [2] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Ecchymoses [2] pediatric patients
Depression [4] Erythema [3]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Kaposi’s sarcoma [7]
Arthralgia [4] Squamous cell carcinoma [2] Skin
Asthenia (fatigue) [5] Thinning [2] Edema (2%) [9]
Back pain [4] Toxicity [2] Peripheral edema (9%) [15]
Bone or joint pain [5] Hair Mucosal
Myalgia/Myopathy [2] Alopecia [2] Xerostomia (5%) [11]
Osteonecrosis [4] Cardiovascular
Osteoporosis [32] Mucosal
Stomatitis [2] Cardiac failure [4]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Chest pain (2%)
Constipation [3] Cardiovascular
Cardiotoxicity [3] Central Nervous System
Diarrhea [2] Anorgasmia [3]
Hepatotoxicity [6] Hypertension [8]
Confusion [2]
PREGABALIN See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Depression [2] Hematologic Exanthems (<8%) [5]

Gait instability [4] Methemoglobinemia [12] Hypersensitivity [2]
Headache (7%) [8] Other Lupus erythematosus (>10%) [176]
Impaired concentration [2] Adverse effects [2] Purpura [3]
Insomnia [3] Urticaria (<5%)
Memory loss [2] Vasculitis [5]
Neurotoxicity [4] Mucosal
Pain (5%) PROBENECID Oral mucosal eruption (2%)
Sedation [6]
Somnolence (drowsiness) [47] Indications: Gouty arthritis Cardiovascular
Suicidal ideation [4] Class: Uricosuric Hypotension [2]
Tremor [2] Half-life: 6–12 hours (dose-dependent) QT prolongation [5]
Vertigo (dizziness) (4%) [60] Clinically important, potentially hazardous Torsades de pointes [3]
interactions with: acemetacin, acetaminophen, Central Nervous System
Neuromuscular/Skeletal amphotericin B, ampicillin/sulbactam,
Asthenia (fatigue) (5%) [8] Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (3–4%)
benzodiazepines, captopril, cefazolin, cefditoren, Psychosis [2]
Ataxia [8] cefixime, ceftaroline fosamil, ceftazidime &
Back pain (2%) avibactam, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Muscle spasm [2] deferiprone, doripenem, ertapenem, Myalgia/Myopathy [2]
Myoclonus [4] flucloxacillin, furosemide, gemifloxacin, Myasthenia gravis [3]
Rhabdomyolysis [4] glibenclamide, ketoprofen, ketorolac, levodopa, Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic levofloxacin, meloxicam, meropenem & Hepatotoxicity [3]
Constipation [6] vaborbactam, methotrexate, moxifloxacin, Nausea [3]
Diarrhea [2] norfloxacin, NSAIDs, ofloxacin, pemetrexed, Respiratory
Hepatotoxicity [2] penicillamine, penicillin G, penicillin V, salicylates, Pulmonary toxicity [2]
Nausea [9] sulfamethoxazole, sulfonamides, torsemide,
Vomiting [3] zidovudine Hematologic
Pregnancy category: C Agranulocytosis [4]
Endocrine/Metabolic Neutropenia [3]
Appetite increased [2] Important contra-indications noted in the
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Pancytopenia [2]
Weight gain [22] Pure red cell aplasia [3]
pediatric patients
Genitourinary
Erectile dysfunction [4]
Skin
Ocular Flushing (<10%) PROCHLORPERAZINE
Diplopia (9%) [2] Pruritus (<10%)
Ocular edema [2] Rash (<10%) Trade name: Compazine (GSK)
Vision blurred (6%) [8] Urticaria (<5%) Indications: Psychotic disorders, control of
Other severe nausea and vomiting
Mucosal Class: Antiemetic, Antipsychotic, Muscarinic
Adverse effects [6] Gingivitis (<10%)
Dipsia (thirst) [2] antagonist, Phenothiazine
Infection (7%) Renal Half-life: 23 hours
Side effects [2] Nephrotoxicity [3] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Hematologic interactions with: antihistamines, arsenic,
Thrombocytopenia [2] chlorpheniramine, dofetilide, pericyazine,
piperazine, quinine, quinolones, sparfloxacin
PRILOCAINE Pregnancy category: C
Trade name: Citanest (AstraZeneca) PROCAINAMIDE prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Indications: Local anesthetic mothers; pediatric patients
Class: Membrane integrity antagonist, Potassium Trade names: Procan (Pfizer), Procanbid (Pfizer)
channel antagonist, Sodium channel antagonist Indications: Ventricular arrhythmias
Half-life: 2 hours Class: Antiarrhythmic, Antiarrhythmic class Ia Skin
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Half-life: 2.5–4.5 hours Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis
interactions with: adenosine, amide-type Clinically important, potentially hazardous (<10%)
anesthetics, antimalarials, co-trimoxazole, interactions with: abarelix, amiodarone, Fixed eruption [3]
dronedarone, nitric compounds, sulfonamides amisulpride, arsenic, artemether/lumefantrine, Photosensitivity (<10%) [3]
Pregnancy category: B asenapine, astemizole, ciprofloxacin, enoxacin, Pruritus (<10%)
Important contra-indications noted in the ethoxzolamide, gatifloxacin, glycopyrrolate, Rash (<10%)
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; glycopyrronium, imidapril, lomefloxacin, Toxic epidermal necrolysis [2]
pediatric patients lurasidone, metformin, mivacurium, moxifloxacin, Mucosal
nilotinib, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, pimavanserin, Xerostomia (>10%)
Skin quinine, quinolones, ribociclib, rocuronium, Central Nervous System
Angioedema [3] sotalol, sparfloxacin, tetrabenazine, trimethoprim, Akathisia [14]
Contact dermatitis [3] trospium, vandetanib, zofenopril Extrapyramidal symptoms [3]
Hypersensitivity [2] Pregnancy category: C Neuroleptic malignant syndrome [3]
Petechiae [3] Important contra-indications noted in the Parkinsonism [4]
Purpura [3] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Somnolence (drowsiness) [2]
pediatric patients
Central Nervous System Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Coma [4] Dystonia [6]
Paresthesias [3] Skin
Seizures [2] Dermatitis (6%)
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual PROPOLIS
Endocrine/Metabolic Cardiovascular
Gynecomastia (<10%) PROPAFENONE Bradycardia [15]
Brugada syndrome [2]
Trade name: Rythmol (Reliant) Cardiac failure [2]
Indications: Ventricular arrhythmias
PROGESTINS Class: Antiarrhythmic, Antiarrhythmic class Ic
Hypotension [20]
Tachycardia [2]
Trade names: Aygestin (Barr), Megace (Bristol- Clinically important, potentially hazardous Central Nervous System
Myers Squibb), Micronor (Ortho), Ovrette interactions with: amitriptyline, boceprevir, Amnesia [10]
(Wyeth), Provera (Pfizer) carvedilol, clozapine, cobicistat/elvitegravir/ Hallucinations [3]
Indications: Prevention of pregnancy emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide, cobicistat/ Seizures [8]
Class: Progestogen elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil, Shivering [2]
Half-life: N/A delavirdine, digoxin, efavirenz, fosamprenavir, Twitching (<10%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous grapefruit juice, mirabegron, neostigmine, Neuromuscular/Skeletal
interactions with: acitretin, aprepitant, paroxetine hydrochloride, propranolol, Ataxia [2]
dofetilide, rosuvastatin, voriconazole pyridostigmine, rifapentine, ritonavir, telaprevir, Myoclonus [2]
tipranavir Rhabdomyolysis [10]
Skin Pregnancy category: C Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Acneform eruption [3] Important contra-indications noted in the Nausea [4]
Dermatitis [4] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Pancreatitis [8]
Diaphoresis (31%) pediatric patients Vomiting [5]
Flushing (12%) Respiratory
Skin Apnea [4]
Urticaria [2] Lupus erythematosus [3] Cough [2]
Endocrine/Metabolic Psoriasis [2] Hypoxia [7]
Amenorrhea [2] Rash (<3%) Respiratory depression [4]
Mucosal Endocrine/Metabolic
Oral lesions (>5%) Acidosis [3]
PROMETHAZINE Xerostomia (2%) Hypertriglyceridemia [2]
Cardiovascular Renal
Trade name: Phenergan (Wyeth) Bradycardia [3]
Indications: Allergic rhinitis, urticaria Green urine [8]
Brugada syndrome [7]
Class: Histamine H1 receptor antagonist Cardiotoxicity [3] Local
Half-life: 10–14 hours Congestive heart failure [2] Infusion-related reactions [3]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Hypotension [3] Injection-site pain (>10%) [35]
interactions with: antihistamines, arsenic,
chlorpheniramine, dofetilide, nalbuphine,
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (3–23%) Adverse effects [5]
piperazine, quinolones, sparfloxacin, zaleplon
Seizures [3] Death [9]
Syncope [2] Hiccups [3]
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
mothers; pediatric patients Hepatotoxicity [8]
Note: Not for intra-arterial or subcutaneous Local
PROPOLIS
injection and contra-indicated in comatose states. Injection-site pain (28–90%) [4]
Warning: RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION and Family: None
SEVERE TISSUE INJURY, INCLUDING Scientific name: Propolis
GANGRENE Indications: Tuberculosis, bacterial, fungal and
PROPOFOL protozoal infections, nasopharyngeal carcinoma,
duodenal ulcer, Helicobacter pylori infection, cold,
Skin Trade name: Diprivan (AstraZeneca) wound cleansing, mouth rinse, genital herpes.
Dermatitis [3] Indications: Induction and maintenance of Ingredient in cosmetics
Erythema multiforme [2] anesthesia Class: Immunomodulator
Lupus erythematosus [2] Class: Anesthetic, general Half-life: N/A
Photosensitivity [12] Half-life: initial: 40 minutes; terminal: 3 days Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Purpura [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous interactions with: none known
Toxic epidermal necrolysis [2] interactions with: zinc
Urticaria [3] Pregnancy category: B Skin
Mucosal Important contra-indications noted in the Contact dermatitis [3]
Xerostomia (<10%) [2] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Dermatitis [39]
Cardiovascular pediatric patients Hypersensitivity [4]
QT prolongation [2] Sensitivity [4]
Central Nervous System Skin Mucosal
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome [2] Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis Cheilitis [2]
Seizures [2] (<10%) [9]
Angioedema [2] Other
Somnolence (drowsiness) [3] Allergic reactions [8]
Exanthems (6%) [2]
Rash (5%)
Urticaria [2]
Hair
Hair pigmentation [3]
PROPRANOLOL Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Insomnia [2]
PROPRANOLOL Nightmares [2] PROTHROMBIN
Trade names: Hemangeol (Pierre Fabre), Inderal
Psychosis [3] COMPLEX
Sleep disturbances [9]
(Wyeth) Somnolence (drowsiness) [4] CONCENTRATE
Indications: Hypertension, angina pectoris, atrial
fibrillation, myocardial infarction, migraine,
Vertigo (dizziness) [3] (HUMAN)
tremor, infantile hemangioma Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Asthenia (fatigue) [4] Synonym: PCC
Class: Antiarrhythmic, Antiarrhythmic class II,
Myalgia/Myopathy [3] Trade name: Kcentra (CSL Behring)
Beta adrenergic blocker, Beta blocker
Indications: Urgent reversal of acquired
Half-life: 2–6 hours Gastrointestinal/Hepatic coagulation factor deficiency induced by vitamin K
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Constipation [2] antagonist therapy in adult patients with acute
interactions with: alcohol, aluminum hydroxide, Diarrhea [6] major bleeding
aminophylline, amiodarone, barbiturates, Gastroesophageal reflux [2] Class: Coagulant
bupivacaine, chlorpromazine, cholestyramine, Nausea [2] Half-life: 4–60 hours
cimetidine, ciprofloxacin, clonidine, colestipol, Respiratory Clinically important, potentially hazardous
delavirdine, diazepam, dronedarone, epinephrine, Bronchospasm [3] interactions with: none known
ethanol, fluconazole, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, Upper respiratory tract infection [2] Pregnancy category: C
haloperidol, imipramine, insulin, insulin detemir, Wheezing [3] Important contra-indications noted in the
insulin glargine, insulin glulisine, isoniazid, prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
levothyroxine, lidocaine, neostigmine, nicardipine, Endocrine/Metabolic
Hyperkalemia [4] pediatric patients
nifedipine, nilutamide, nisoldipine, oxtriphylline, Warning: ARTERIAL AND VENOUS
paroxetine hydrochloride, phenobarbital, Hypoglycemia [15]
THROMBOEMBOLIC COMPLICATIONS
phenytoin, propafenone, pyridostigmine, Weight gain [2]
quinidine, rifampin, ritonavir, rizatriptan, sodium Genitourinary Skin
iodide I-131, teniposide, terbutaline, tolbutamide, Peyronie’s disease [6] Hematoma (3%)
verapamil, warfarin, zileuton, zolmitriptan Ocular
Pregnancy category: C Cardiovascular
Hallucinations, visual [4] Hypertension (3%)
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Other Hypotension (5%)
pediatric patients Adverse effects [10] Orthostatic hypotension (4%)
Note: Cutaneous side effects of beta-receptor Death [3] Tachycardia (3%)
blockers are clinically polymorphous. They Side effects [2] Central Nervous System
apparently appear after several months of Tooth decay [2] Headache (8%)
continuous therapy. Intracranial hemorrhage (3%)
Neurotoxicity (3%)
Skin PROTAMINE SULFATE Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Acneform eruption [2] Arthralgia (4%)
Angioedema [2] Indications: Heparin overdose Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Cold extremities [6] Class: Heparin antagonist Constipation (2%)
Dermatitis [2] Half-life: 2 hours Nausea (4%)
Eczema [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous Vomiting (4%)
Exanthems [4] interactions with: none known
Pregnancy category: C Respiratory
Flushing [2] Dyspnea (2%)
Lichenoid eruption [3] Hypoxia (2%)
Lupus erythematosus [2] Skin Respiratory distress (2%)
Necrosis [3] Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [42]
Pemphigus [2] Angioedema [3] Endocrine/Metabolic
Psoriasis [21] Hypersensitivity [10] Hypokalemia (2%)
Rash (<10%) [2] Rash [2] Hematologic
Raynaud’s phenomenon [3] Urticaria [5] Prothrombin time increased (3%)
Stevens-Johnson syndrome [2] Cardiovascular
Urticaria [3] Hypertension [2] PSEUDOEPHEDRINE
Hair Hypotension [6]
Alopecia [6] Respiratory Trade names: Allegra-D (Sanofi-Aventis),
Nails Pulmonary hypertension [2] Benadryl (Pfizer), Bromfed (Muro), Entex
Nail thickening [2] (Andrx), Robitussin-CF (Wyeth), Sudafed (Pfizer),
Other Trinalin (Schering)
Cardiovascular Adverse effects [2] Indications: Nasal congestion
Bradycardia [20] Allergic reactions [13] Class: Adrenergic alpha-receptor agonist
Cardiac arrest [2] Death [13] Half-life: 9–16 hours
Hypertension [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Hypotension [19] interactions with: bromocriptine, fluoxetine,
Central Nervous System fluvoxamine, furazolidone, iobenguane, MAO
Agitation [2] inhibitors, paroxetine hydrochloride, phenelzine,
Amnesia [2] rasagiline, sertraline, tranylcypromine
Confusion [2] Pregnancy category: C
Delirium [3]
Hallucinations [5] Skin
Headache [2] AGEP [3]
Baboon syndrome (SDRIFE) [2]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual QUETIAPINE
Dermatitis [3] Half-life: ~2 hours

Diaphoresis (<10%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous QUETIAPINE
Erythroderma [2] interactions with: aminoglycosides, bacitracin,
Exanthems [4] clindamycin, colistin, edrophonium, polymyxin B, Trade name: Seroquel (AstraZeneca)
Fixed eruption [14] propafenone, propranolol, quinidine, tetracyclines Indications: Schizophrenia, bipolar I disorder
Pregnancy category: B Class: Antipsychotic, Mood stabilizer
Cardiovascular
Important contra-indications noted in the Half-life: ~6 hours
Palpitation [2]
pediatric patients interactions with: alcohol, amoxapine,
Central Nervous System antihypertensive agents, arsenic, atazanavir,
Somnolence (drowsiness) [2] azithromycin, CNS acting drugs, darunavir,
Ocular Central Nervous System dolasetron, dopamine, drugs known to cause
Hallucinations, visual [2] Neurotoxicity [3] electrolyte imbalance or increase QT interval,
Parkinsonism [2] erythromycin, fluconazole, hepatic enzyme
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic inducers, itraconazole, ketoconazole, levodopa,
PSORALENS Abdominal pain [5] methadone, P4503A inhibitors, pazopanib,
Diarrhea [2] telavancin, tipranavir, tricyclic antidepressants,
Trade names: Oxsoralen (Valeant), Trisoralen Nausea [3] voriconazole
(Valeant) Pregnancy category: C
Other
Indications: Psoriasis, eczema, vitiligo, cutaneous Important contra-indications noted in the
Adverse effects [2]
T-cell lymphoma prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Side effects [2]
Class: Psoralen mothers; pediatric patients
Half-life: 2 hours Warning: INCREASED MORTALITY IN
PYRIMETHAMINE ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH DEMENTIA-
RELATED PSYCHOSIS
Pregnancy category: C Trade names: Daraprim (GSK), Fansidar (Roche) SUICIDALITY AND ANTIDEPRESSANT DRUGS
Indications: Malaria
Skin Class: Antimalarial, Antiprotozoal Skin
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [2] Half-life: 80–95 hours Diaphoresis (<10%)
Basal cell carcinoma [3] Clinically important, potentially hazardous Hyperhidrosis (2%)
Bullous pemphigoid (with UVA) [14] interactions with: dapsone, pemetrexed, Peripheral edema [5]
Burning (<10%) [3] trimethoprim, zidovudine Rash (4%)
Dermatitis [11] Pregnancy category: C
Eczema [2] Important contra-indications noted in the Mucosal
Edema (<10%) prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Sialorrhea [3]
Ephelides (<10%) [5] mothers Xerostomia (9%) [22]
Erythema [2] Note: Fansidar is pyrimethamine and sulfadoxine. Cardiovascular
Herpes simplex [2] Sulfadoxine is a sulfonamide and can be absorbed Bradycardia [2]
Herpes zoster [2] systemically. Sulfonamides can produce severe, Hypertension (41%)
Hypomelanosis (<10%) possibly fatal, reactions such as toxic epidermal Hypotension [6]
Lupus erythematosus [5] necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Postural hypotension [2]
Melanoma [3] QT prolongation [7]
Photosensitivity [14] Skin Tachycardia (6%) [3]
Phototoxicity [15] Angioedema [2] Central Nervous System
Pigmentation [9] Bullous dermatitis [2] Abnormal dreams (2–3%)
Porokeratosis (actinic) [3] DRESS syndrome [2] Agitation (20%) [3]
Pruritus (>10%) [4] Erythema multiforme [4] Akathisia (8%) [6]
Rash (<10%) Exanthems [3] Anxiety (2–4%)
Squamous cell carcinoma [4] Exfoliative dermatitis [2] Compulsions [3]
Tumors (for the most part malignant) [18] Fixed eruption [3] Confusion [2]
Vesiculation [2] Hypersensitivity (>10%) Delirium [2]
Vitiligo [2] Lichenoid eruption [2] Depression (3%) [3]
Hair Photosensitivity (>10%) [3] Extrapyramidal symptoms [4]
Hypertrichosis [4] Pigmentation [5] Headache (21%) [6]
Nails Pruritus [2] Hypoesthesia (2%)
Nail pigmentation [4] Stevens-Johnson syndrome (<10%) [25] Hypomania [3]
Photo-onycholysis [3] Toxic epidermal necrolysis [15] Impulse control disorder [2]
Central Nervous System Insomnia (9%) [2]
Mucosal
Vertigo (dizziness) [2] Mania [3]
Cheilitis (<10%)
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome [15]
Central Nervous System Neuromuscular/Skeletal Pain (7%)
Pain [3] Asthenia (fatigue) [2] Paresthesias (3%)
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Parkinsonism (4%) [4]
Diarrhea [2] Psychosis [2]
PYRIDOSTIGMINE Nausea [2] Restless legs syndrome [7]
Vomiting [2] Sedation [15]
Trade names: Mestinon (Valeant), Regonol Other Seizures [7]
(Novartis) Adverse effects [2] Serotonin syndrome [2]
Indications: Myasthenia gravis Death [4] Sleep related disorder [2]
Class: Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor Somnambulism [2]
QUETIAPINE See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Somnolence (drowsiness) (18%) [23] Ochronosis [2] Neuromuscular/Skeletal

Suicidal ideation [3] Pigmentation [9] Myalgia/Myopathy (2%)
Tardive dyskinesia (5%) [3] Squamous cell carcinoma [2] Respiratory
Tic disorder [3] Hair Cough [9]
Tremor [3] Alopecia (80%) [2]
Vertigo (dizziness) (11%) [14] Other
Nails Adverse effects [2]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Nail pigmentation (ala nasi) (blue-gray) [2]
Ataxia (2%) Mucosal
Dystonia [2] Oral pigmentation [4] QUINIDINE
Pisa syndrome [2] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Rhabdomyolysis [4] Nausea [2] Indications: Tachycardia, atrial fibrillation
Vomiting [2] Class: Antiarrhythmic, Antiarrhythmic class Ia,
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Antimalarial, Antiprotozoal
Abdominal pain (4–7%) Half-life: 6–8 hours
Colitis [3] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Constipation (8%) [6] QUINAPRIL interactions with: abarelix, afatinib, amiloride,
Dyspepsia (5%) amiodarone, amisulpride, amitriptyline,
Hepatotoxicity [2] Trade names: Accupril (Pfizer), Accupro amprenavir, anisindione, anticoagulants,
Nausea (7%) (Pfizer), Accuretic (Pfizer) aripiprazole, arsenic, artemether/lumefantrine,
Pancreatitis [5] Indications: Hypertension, heart failure asenapine, astemizole, atazanavir, boceprevir,
Vomiting (6%) Class: Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) celiprolol, ceritinib, ciprofloxacin, clevidipine,
Respiratory inhibitor, Antihypertensive, Vasodilator clozapine, cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/
Pneumonia [2] Half-life: 2 hours tenofovir alafenamide, cobicistat/elvitegravir/
Clinically important, potentially hazardous emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil, crizotinib,
Endocrine/Metabolic interactions with: alcohol, aldesleukin,
ALT increased (5%) dabigatran, darunavir, dasatinib, degarelix,
allopurinol, alpha blockers, alprostadil, amifostine, delavirdine, deutetrabenazine, dicumarol, digoxin,
Appetite increased [3] amiloride, angiotensin II receptor antagonists,
Diabetes mellitus [2] duloxetine, eluxadoline, enoxacin, enzalutamide,
antacids, antidiabetics, antihypertensives, ethoxzolamide, fosamprenavir, gatifloxacin,
Hyperglycemia [3] antipsychotics, anxiolytics and hypnotics,
Hypertriglyceridemia [4] glycopyrrolate, glycopyrronium, indinavir,
aprotinin, azathioprine, baclofen, beta blockers, itraconazole, ketoconazole, letermovir,
Libido decreased (2%) calcium channel blockers, chlortetracycline,
Metabolic syndrome [2] lomefloxacin, lopinavir, lurasidone, metformin,
ciprofloxacin, clonidine, corticosteroids, mifepristone, mivacurium, moxifloxacin,
SIADH [2] cyclosporine, demeclocycline, diazoxide,
Weight gain (5%) [23] naldemedine, nelfinavir, nilotinib, norfloxacin,
diuretics, doxycycline, eplerenone, estrogens, ofloxacin, osimertinib, oxprenolol, pimavanserin,
Genitourinary everolimus, gemifloxacin, general anesthetics, pimozide, pipecuronium, posaconazole,
Priapism [14] gold & gold compounds, heparins, hydralazine, pristinamycin, propranolol, pyridostigmine,
Sexual dysfunction [2] insulin, levodopa, lithium, lymecycline, MAO quinine, quinolones, ranolazine, ribociclib,
Urinary retention [2] inhibitors, metformin, methyldopa, rifapentine, ritonavir, rocuronium, sertindole,
Hematologic methylphenidate, minocycline, minoxidil, sotalol, sparfloxacin, sulpiride, telaprevir,
Leukopenia [3] moxifloxacin, moxisylyte, moxonidine, nitrates, telithromycin, tetrabenazine, tipranavir, tramadol,
Neutropenia [2] nitroprusside, NSAIDs, ofloxacin, oxytetracycline, valbenazine, vecuronium, venetoclax, verapamil,
Thrombocytopenia [3] pentoxifylline, phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors, voriconazole, vortioxetine, warfarin,
potassium salts, prostacyclin analogues, quinine, zuclopenthixol
Ocular quinolones, rituximab, salicylates, sirolimus,
Amblyopia (2–3%) Pregnancy category: C
spironolactone, sulfonylureas, temsirolimus, Important contra-indications noted in the
Vision blurred (<4%) tetracycline, tetracyclines, tigecycline, tizanidine, prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Other tolvaptan, triamterene, trimethoprim pediatric patients
Adverse effects [11] Pregnancy category: D (category C in first
Death [8] trimester; category D in second and third
Toothache (2–3%) trimesters) Skin
Important contra-indications noted in the Acneform eruption [2]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; AGEP [2]
pediatric patients Dermatitis [4]
QUINACRINE Note: Contra-indicated in patients with a history Exanthems [6]
of angioedema related to previous treatment with Exfoliative dermatitis [5]
Synonym: mepacrine Fixed eruption [2]
Trade name: Atabrine (Winthrop) an ACE inhibitor.
Warning: FETAL TOXICITY Flushing [2]
Indications: Various infections caused by Lichen planus [7]
susceptible helminths Lichenoid eruption [6]
Class: Antibiotic, Antimalarial Skin Livedo reticularis [6]
Half-life: 4–10 hours Angioedema [9] Lupus erythematosus [35]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Diaphoresis [3] Photosensitivity [21]
interactions with: none known Edema [4] Pigmentation [3]
Pregnancy category: N/A Peripheral edema [3] Pruritus [3]
Photosensitivity [2] Psoriasis [5]
Skin Pruritus [7] Purpura [13]
Exanthems [3] Rash [5] Rash (<10%)
Exfoliative dermatitis (8%) [3] Central Nervous System Toxic epidermal necrolysis [2]
Fixed eruption [3] Dysgeusia (taste perversion) [3] Vasculitis [5]
Lichenoid eruption (12%) [6]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual RADIUM-223 DICHLORIDE
Mucosal Livedo reticularis (photosensitive) [3] Flatulence [2]

Oral mucosal eruption [2] Photosensitivity [19] Gastrointestinal bleeding [2]
Cardiovascular Pigmentation [6] Nausea [5]
Congestive heart failure [2] Purpura [13] Vomiting [5]
QT prolongation [9] Raynaud’s phenomenon [2] Respiratory
Torsades de pointes [13] Stevens-Johnson syndrome [2] Cough [3]
Thrombocytopenic purpura [8] Upper respiratory tract infection [2]
Central Nervous System Toxic epidermal necrolysis [3]
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (>10%) Urticaria [2] Endocrine/Metabolic
Headache (<10%) [2] Vasculitis [5] Hypomagnesemia [2]
Syncope [2] Renal
Tremor (2%) Cardiovascular
Cardiotoxicity [2] Nephrotoxicity [2]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Other
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Adverse effects [4]
Diarrhea (>10%) [7] Leg cramps [2]
Rhabdomyolysis [2]
Genitourinary
Endocrine/Metabolic
Urinary tract infection [2]
Hypoglycemia [3] RADIUM-223
Hematologic
Thrombocytopenia [2] Renal DICHLORIDE
Nephrotoxicity [2]
Hematologic Synonym: Ra-223 dichloride
Hemolytic anemia [2] Trade name: Xofigo (Bayer)
QUININE Hemolytic uremic syndrome [16] Indications: Castration-resistant prostate cancer
Thrombocytopenia [11] Class: Radiopharmaceutical, alpha-emitting
Trade name: Qualaquin (URL Pharma) Half-life: 11.4 days
Indications: Malaria Thrombotic microangiopathy [2]
Class: Antimalarial, Antiprotozoal Otic interactions with: none known
Half-life: 8–14 hours Hearing loss [4] Pregnancy category: X
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Ototoxicity [2] Important contra-indications noted in the
interactions with: amantadine, amiodarone, Tinnitus [9] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
amitriptyline, amoxapine, anisindione, Ocular pediatric patients
anticoagulants, arsenic, artemether/lumefantrine, Amblyopia [8]
astemizole, atazanavir, atorvastatin, cimetidine,
cisapride, citalopram, class Ia or III Other Skin
antiarrhythmics, clevidipine, CYP3A4 and Adverse effects [3] Peripheral edema (13%) [3]
CYP2D6 substrates, CYP3A4 inducers or Death [2] Central Nervous System
inhibitors, darunavir, dasatinib, degarelix, Anorexia [2]
dicumarol, digoxin, disopyramide, dofetilide, Neuromuscular/Skeletal
dolasetron, droperidol, enalapril, flecainide, RABEPRAZOLE Bone or joint pain [3]
fosamprenavir, halofantrine, haloperidol,
histamine, indinavir, lapatinib, levofloxacin, Trade name: Aciphex (Eisai) (Janssen) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
mefloquine, metformin, moxifloxacin, nelfinavir, Indications: Gastroesophageal reflux disease Diarrhea (25%) [6]
neuromuscular blocking agents, olmesartan, oral (GERD), duodenal ulcers, Zollinger-Ellison Nausea (36%) [5]
typhoid vaccine, pazopanib, pimozide, syndrome Vomiting (19%) [4]
procainamide, prochlorperazine, quinapril, Class: Proton pump inhibitor (PPI) Endocrine/Metabolic
quinidine, ramipril, rifampin, ritonavir, saquinavir, Half-life: 1–2 hours Dehydration (3%)
sotalol, succinylcholine, telavancin, telithromycin, Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Renal
terfenadine, tipranavir, voriconazole, vorinostat, interactions with: atazanavir, clopidogrel,
Renal failure (3%)
warfarin, ziprasidone cyclosporine, digoxin, ketoconazole, rilpivirine,
Renal function abnormal (<3%)
Pregnancy category: C simvastatin, warfarin
Important contra-indications noted in the Pregnancy category: B Hematologic
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Important contra-indications noted in the Anemia (93%) [7]
pediatric patients prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers Leukopenia (35%) [3]
Note: Qualaquin (quinine sulfate) is not idicated Lymphopenia (72%) [3]
for the prevention or treatment of nocturnal leg Myelosuppression [2]
Skin
cramps. Neutropenia (18%) [6]
Pruritus [2]
Contra-indicated in patients with prolongation of Pancytopenia (2%)
Rash [3]
QT interval, G6PD deficiency, myasthenia gravis, Thrombocytopenia (31%) [6]
or optic neuritis. Central Nervous System
Other
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) [2]
Adverse effects [2]
Headache (2–5%) [4]
Skin Pain (3%)
Acneform eruption [2] Vertigo (dizziness) [4]
Acral necrosis [2]
Dermatitis [6] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Erythema multiforme [2] Asthenia (fatigue) [3]
Exanthems (<5%) [3] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Exfoliative dermatitis [2] Abdominal pain [6]
Fixed eruption [12] Constipation (2%)
Lichen planus [3] Diarrhea (3%) [8]
Lichenoid eruption [3] Dyspepsia [3]
RALOXIFENE Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
RALOXIFENE RALTEGRAVIR Important contra-indications noted in the
Trade name: Evista (Lilly) Trade name: Isentress (Merck) pediatric patients
Indications: Osteoporosis, reduction in risk of Indications: HIV-1 infection
invasive breast cancer in postmenopausal women Class: Antiretroviral, Integrase strand transfer
with osteoporosis or at high risk for invasive inhibitor Central Nervous System
breast cancer Half-life: 9 hours Depression (2%)
Class: Selective estrogen receptor modulator Clinically important, potentially hazardous Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (2%)
(SERM) interactions with: atazanavir, efavirenz, Headache (7%) [8]
Half-life: 27.7 hours histamine H2 antagonists, omeprazole, Insomnia (exacerbation) (3%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous pantoprazole, proton pump inhibitors, rifampin, Somnolence (drowsiness) (3%) [9]
interactions with: cholestyramine, St John’s wort, strong UGT inducers, tipranavir Vertigo (dizziness) (4%) [6]
levothyroxine Pregnancy category: C Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Pregnancy category: X Important contra-indications noted in the Arthralgia (2%)
Important contra-indications noted in the prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Asthenia (fatigue) (3%) [4]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; pediatric patients Myalgia/Myopathy (2%)
pediatric patients Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Warning: INCREASED RISK OF VENOUS Skin Nausea (3%) [3]
THROMBOEMBOLISM AND DEATH FROM DRESS syndrome [4]
STROKE Respiratory
Herpes zoster (<2%) Upper respiratory tract infection (3%)
Hypersensitivity (<2%) [7]
Skin Pruritus (4%) Genitourinary
Diaphoresis (3%) Rash [8] Urinary tract infection [2]
Hot flashes (8–29%) [14] Central Nervous System Other
Peripheral edema (3–5%) [4] Depression (<2%) [2] Adverse effects [7]
Rash (6%) Headache (2%) [10]
Cardiovascular Insomnia (4%) [4]
Chest pain (3%) Neurotoxicity [2] RAMIPRIL
Venous thromboembolism [5] Vertigo (dizziness) (<2%) [2]
Central Nervous System Neuromuscular/Skeletal Trade names: Altace (Monarch), Tritace (Sanofi-
Insomnia (6%) Asthenia (fatigue) (<2%) [4] Aventis)
Stroke [4] Myalgia/Myopathy [3] Indications: Hypertension
Rhabdomyolysis [8] Class: Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)
Neuromuscular/Skeletal inhibitor, Antihypertensive, Vasodilator
Arthralgia (11–16%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Half-life: 2–17 hours
Leg cramps (6–12%) [5] Abdominal pain (<2%) [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Myalgia/Myopathy (8%) Diarrhea [8] interactions with: alcohol, aldesleukin,
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Dyspepsia (<2%) allopurinol, alpha blockers, alprostadil, amifostine,
Abdominal pain (7%) Gastritis (<2%) amiloride, angiotensin II receptor antagonists,
Vomiting (5%) Hepatitis [2] antacids, antihypertensives, antipsychotics,
Hepatotoxicity (<2%) [3] azathioprine, baclofen, beta blockers, calcium
Respiratory Nausea (<2%) [9]
Bronchitis (10%) channel blockers, clonidine, corticosteroids,
Vomiting (<2%) [2] cyclosporine, diazoxide, diuretics, eplerenone,
Flu-like syndrome (~2%)
Pharyngitis (8%) Endocrine/Metabolic estrogens, everolimus, general anesthetics, gold &
Pneumonia (3%) ALT increased [3] gold compounds, heparins, hydralazine,
Sinusitis (10%) Creatine phosphokinase increased [2] hypotensives, insulin, levodopa, lithium, MAO
Serum creatinine increased [2] inhibitors, metformin, methyldopa, minoxidil,
Endocrine/Metabolic moxisylyte, moxonidine, nitrates, nitroprusside,
Mastodynia (4%) [2] Renal
Nephrolithiasis (<2%) NSAIDs, pentoxifylline, phosphodiasterase 5
Weight gain (9%) inhibitors, potassium salts, prostacyclin analogues,
Renal failure (<2%)
Genitourinary quinine, rituximab, sirolimus, spironolactone,
Vaginal bleeding (6%) Other sulfonylureas, telmisartan, temsirolimus,
Vaginitis (4%) Adverse effects [6] tizanidine, tolvaptan, triamterene, trimethoprim
Pregnancy category: D (category C in first
Hematologic
trimester; category D in second and third
Thrombosis [2]
Other
RAMELTEON trimesters)
Adverse effects [2] Trade name: Rozerem (Takeda) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Infection (11%) Indications: Insomnia pediatric patients
Class: Hypnotic, Melatonin receptor agonist Note: Contra-indicated in patients with a history
Half-life: 1–2.6 hours of angioedema related to previous treatment with
Clinically important, potentially hazardous an ACE inhibitor, or a history of hereditary or
interactions with: alcohol, antifungals, CNS idiopathic angioedema.
depressants, conivaptan, CYP1A2 inhibitors, Warning: FETAL TOXICITY
donepezil, doxepin, droperidol, fluconazole,
fluvoxamine, food, ketoconazole, Skin
levomepromazine, rifampin, rifapentine, St John’s Angioedema [11]
wort, voriconazole, zolpidem Diaphoresis [2]
Flushing [2]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual RANITIDINE
Lichen planus pemphigoides [3] Diarrhea (14%) [9] Dyspnea (<5%)

Photosensitivity [2] Gastric obstruction (2%) Influenza (3–7%)
Pruritus [3] Gastrointestinal perforation [5] Nasopharyngitis (5–16%) [2]
Rash [4] Hepatotoxicity [2] Sinusitis (3–8%)
Stevens-Johnson syndrome [2] Nausea [4] Upper respiratory tract infection (2–9%)
Hair Vomiting [4] Endocrine/Metabolic
Alopecia (<10%) Respiratory Hypercholesterolemia (<5%)
Cardiovascular Dyspnea [3] Genitourinary
Angina (3%) Endocrine/Metabolic Urinary tract infection (<9%)
Hypotension (11%) [3] Appetite decreased [4] Hematologic
Postural hypotension (2%) Hyponatremia (6%) Anemia (<8%)
Central Nervous System Renal Ocular
Headache (5%) [2] Nephrotoxicity [2] Blepharitis (<13%)
Syncope (2%) Proteinuria [13] Cataract (2–17%) [4]
Vertigo (dizziness) (2–4%) [4] Hematologic Conjunctival hemorrhage (48–74%) [4]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Anemia [8] Conjunctival hyperemia (<8%)
Asthenia (fatigue) (2%) Bleeding [6] Endophthalmitis [9]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Febrile neutropenia [10] Hallucinations, visual [2]
Hepatotoxicity [2] Hemorrhage [3] Intraocular inflammation (<18%) [5]
Nausea (2%) Leukopenia [7] Intraocular pressure increased (7–24%) [7]
Pancreatitis [2] Neutropenia (5%) [18] Iridocyclitis [2]
Vomiting (2%) Thrombocytopenia [5] Lacrimation (increased) (2–14%)
Local Maculopathy (6–11%)
Respiratory Ocular adverse effects [4]
Cough (8–12%) [22] Infusion-related reactions [4]
Ocular hemorrhage [5]
Endocrine/Metabolic Other Ocular hyperemia (5–11%)
Hyperkalemia [2] Adverse effects [2] Ocular pain (17–35%) [3]
Death [3] Ocular pruritus (<12%)
Other
Adverse effects [4] Ocular stinging (7–15%)
Posterior capsule opacification (<8%)
RANIBIZUMAB Retinal atrophy [2]
Retinal detachment [2]
RAMUCIRUMAB Trade name: Lucentis (Genentech) Retinal vein occlusion [2]
Indications: Neovascular (wet) age-related Vision blurred (5–18%)
Trade name: Cyramza (Lilly) macular degeneration, macular edema (following Visual disturbances (5–18%)
Indications: Gastric cancer retinal vein occlusion) Vitreous detachment (4–21%)
Class: Monoclonal antibody, Vascular endothelial Class: Monoclonal antibody, Vascular endothelial Vitreous floaters (7–27%) [2]
growth factor antagonist growth factor antagonist Xerophthalmia (3–12%)
Half-life: N/A Half-life: 9 days
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Local
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Injection-site bleeding (<6%)
interactions with: none known interactions with: none known
Pregnancy category: C Pregnancy category: C Other
Important contra-indications noted in the Important contra-indications noted in the Adverse effects [5]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Systemic reactions [2]
Warning: HEMORRHAGE, GASTROINSTINAL Note: Contra-indicated in patients with ocular or
PERFORATION, AND IMPAIRED WOUND
HEALING
periocular infections. RANITIDINE
Cardiovascular Trade name: Zantac (Concordia)
Skin Atrial fibrillation (<5%) Indications: Duodenal ulcer
Peripheral edema [2] Hypertension [4] Class: Histamine H2 receptor antagonist
Rash (4%) Myocardial infarction [2] Half-life: 2.5 hours
Mucosal Thromboembolism [3] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Epistaxis (nosebleed) (5%) [2] interactions with: acalabrutinib, alfentanil,
Central Nervous System delavirdine, fentanyl, gefitinib, metformin,
Stomatitis [3] Anxiety (<4%) prednisone, rilpivirine, risperidone
Cardiovascular Headache (3–12%) Pregnancy category: B
Hypertension (16%) [25] Insomnia (<5%) Important contra-indications noted in the
Thromboembolism (2%) [2] Stroke [3] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers
Venous thromboembolism [2] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Central Nervous System Arthralgia (2–11%) Skin
Anorexia [2] Pain in extremities (<5%) AGEP [2]
Headache (9%) [3] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [18]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Gastroenteritis (<4%) Dermatitis [6]
Asthenia (fatigue) [14] Nausea (<9%) Eczema [2]
Respiratory Exanthems [5]
Bronchitis (<12%) Hypersensitivity [2]
Abdominal pain [2]
COPD (<7%) Photosensitivity [2]
Ascites [2]
Cough (2–9%) Pseudolymphoma [2]
Constipation [3]
RANITIDINE See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Purpura [2]
Rash (<10%) RASAGILINE REBOXETINE
Urticaria [4] Trade name: Azilect (Teva) Trade name: Edronax (Pfizer)
Indications: Parkinsonism Indications: Clinical depression, panic disorder
Central Nervous System Class: Monoamine oxidase B inhibitor Class: Antidepressant, Noradrenaline reuptake
Confusion [2] Half-life: 0.6–2.0 hours inhibitor
Somnolence (drowsiness) [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous Half-life: 13 hours
Respiratory interactions with: aminophylline, amitriptyline, Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Pneumonia [2] ciprofloxacin, citalopram, dextromethorphan, interactions with: azithromycin, bosentan,
Endocrine/Metabolic entacapone, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, MAO itraconazole, ketoconazole, MAO inhibitors,
Gynecomastia [3] inhibitors, meperidine, paroxetine hydrochloride, papaverine, voriconazole
Porphyria [3] pethidine, pseudoephedrine, SSRIs Pregnancy category: N/A (not recommended
Pregnancy category: C in pregnancy)
Other Important contra-indications noted in the Important contra-indications noted in the
Adverse effects [3] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
pediatric patients mothers; pediatric patients
RANOLAZINE Skin Skin

Ecchymoses (2%) Diaphoresis [8]
Trade name: Ranexa (CV Therapeutics)
Indications: Angina Mucosal Mucosal
Class: Anti-ischemic, Fatty acid oxidation Xerostomia (3%) Xerostomia [12]
inhibitor Cardiovascular Central Nervous System
Half-life: 7 hours Hypotension (5%) Headache [5]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Central Nervous System Insomnia [9]
interactions with: aprepitant, atazanavir, Depression (5%) [2] Somnolence (drowsiness) [2]
clarithromycin, conivaptan, cyclosporine, CYP3A Dyskinesia (>10%) [2] Genitourinary
inducers, CYP3A inhibitors, darunavir, dasabuvir/ Fever (3%) Ejaculatory dysfunction [2]
ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir, delavirdine, Gait instability (5%)
diltiazem, dofetilide, efavirenz, erythromycin, Headache (14%) [2]
grapefruit juice, indinavir, itraconazole,
ketoconazole, lopinavir, nelfinavir, ombitasvir/
Paresthesias (2%)
RED CLOVER
paritaprevir/ritonavir, oxcarbazepine, paroxetine Vertigo (dizziness) (2%) [3]
hydrochloride, phenobarbital, quinidine, rifampin, Family: Leguminosae
rifapentine, ritonavir, simvastatin, sotalol, Neuromuscular/Skeletal Scientific name: Trifolium pratense
telithromycin, thioridazine, tipranavir, venetoclax, Arthralgia (7%) [2] Indications: Menopausal symptoms, hot flashes,
verapamil, voriconazole, ziprasidone Asthenia (fatigue) (2%) muscle spasms, hypercholesterolemia, breast
Pregnancy category: C Dystonia (2%) pain, osteoporosis, diuretic, expectorant, mild
Important contra-indications noted in the Neck pain (2%) antispasmodic, sedative, blood purifier, bladder
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers Gastrointestinal/Hepatic infections, liver disorders. Ointment for acne,
Note: Contra-indicated in patients with existing Dyspepsia (7%) eczema, psoriasis and other rashes
QT prolongation, and in patients with liver Gastroenteritis (3%) Class: Phytoestrogen
disease. Nausea [2] Half-life: N/A
Respiratory interactions with: conjugated estrogens
Mucosal Flu-like syndrome (5%) Pregnancy category: N/A
Xerostomia (<2%) Rhinitis (3%) Note: Red clover contains phytoestrogens that
Cardiovascular Ocular bind to estrogen and progesterone receptors,
Palpitation (<2%) Conjunctivitis (3%) potentially adversely affecting breast tissue.
QT prolongation [7]
Torsades de pointes [2]
Central Nervous System RASPBERRY LEAF RED RICE YEAST
Headache (3%) [4]
Vertigo (dizziness) [10] Family: Rosaceae Family: Monascaceae
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Scientific name: Rubus idaeus Scientific name: Monascus purpureus
Asthenia (fatigue) [3] Indications: Astringent, stimulant, gargle for sore Indications: Hypercholesterolemia, indigestion,
throat, mouth ulcers, bleeding gums, diarrhea, diarrhea, improved circulation. In foodstuff
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic morning sickness, to shorten labor, menstrual Class: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor
Abdominal pain (<2%) complaints, respiratory tract infections, fever, Half-life: N/A
Constipation [8] dysmenorrhea, menorrhagia, rash Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Nausea [9] Class: Food supplement interactions with: atorvastatin, cerivastatin,
Vomiting [2] Half-life: N/A fluvastatin, grapefruit juice, levothyroxine,
Otic Clinically important, potentially hazardous lovastatin, pravastatin, simvastatin, St John’s wort
Tinnitus (<2%) interactions with: aminophylline, atropine Pregnancy category: N/A
Pregnancy category: N/A Note: Red yeast rice is the product of
fermentation with Monascus purpureus yeast. Red
yeast that is not fermented correctly may contain
the nephrotoxin, citrinin.
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual RIBOCICLIB
Myalgia/Myopathy [5] RIBAVIRIN Cough [O] (7–23%) [9]
Rhabdomyolysis [3] Dyspnea [O] (13–26%) [7]
Trade names: Copegus (Roche), Rebetol Flu-like syndrome [O] (13–18%) [9]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic (Schering-Plough), Rebetron (Schering), Virazole
Hepatitis [2] Nasopharyngitis [3]
(Valeant) Pneumonitis [2]
Indications: Respiratory syncytial viral infections Rhinitis [O] (8%)
Class: Antiviral, nucleoside analog Upper respiratory tract infection [3]
RESLIZUMAB Half-life: 24 hours
Endocrine/Metabolic
Trade name: Cinqair (Teva) interactions with: abacavir, azathioprine, ALT increased [6]
Indications: Adjunctive treatment for severe didanosine, emtricitabine, interferon alfa, PEG- Appetite decreased [2]
eosinophilic asthma interferon, stavudine, zidovudine AST increased [5]
Class: Interleukin-5 antagonist, Monoclonal Pregnancy category: X Diabetes mellitus [2]
antibody Important contra-indications noted in the Hyperbilirubinemia [3]
Half-life: 24 days prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers Hyperuricemia [O] (33–38%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Note: [INH] = Inhalation; [O] = Oral. Rebetron Thyroid dysfunction [2]
interactions with: none known is ribavirin and interferon. Weight loss [O] (10–29%) [2]
Pregnancy category: N/A (Insufficient evidence Warning: RISK OF SERIOUS DISORDERS AND Genitourinary
to inform drug-associated risk) RIBAVIRIN-ASSOCIATED EFFECTS Erectile dysfunction [2]
Important contra-indications noted in the Renal
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Skin Nephrotoxicity [5]
pediatric patients Dermatitis [O] (16%)
Warning: ANAPHYLAXIS Hematologic
DRESS syndrome [2] Anemia [INH] (<10%) [80]
Eczema [O] (4–5%) [3] Hemoglobin decreased [3]
Skin Exanthems [5] Hemolytic anemia [2]
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [2] Flushing [O] (4%) Hemotoxicity [2]
Mucosal Lichenoid eruption [2] Leukopenia [O] (6–45%) [3]
Oropharyngeal pain (3%) Nummular eczema [2] Lymphopenia [O] (12–14%) [2]
Peripheral edema [2] Neutropenia [O] (8–42%) [18]
Central Nervous System Photosensitivity [7]
Headache [5] Thrombocytopenia [INH] (<15%) [10]
Pruritus [O] (13–29%) [28]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Psoriasis [2] Otic
Asthenia (fatigue) [2] Rash [O] (5–28%) [39] Hearing loss [2]
Sarcoidosis [16] Tinnitus [2]
Respiratory
Asthma (exacerbation) [5] Stevens-Johnson syndrome [2] Ocular
Bronchitis [2] Toxic epidermal necrolysis [2] Retinopathy [6]
Cough [2] Toxicity [2] Local
Nasopharyngitis [7] Vasculitis [2] Injection-site reactions [2]
Sinusitis [2] Vitiligo [2]
Xerosis [O] (10–24%) [2] Other
Upper respiratory tract infection [5] Adverse effects [25]
Endocrine/Metabolic Hair Death [4]
Creatine phosphokinase increased (14%) Alopecia [O] (27–36%) [5] Infection [INH] [4]
Alopecia areata [2] Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome [6]
Depression [O] (20–36%) [10]
RESVERATROL Dysgeusia (taste perversion) [O] (4–9%) [4]
Fever [O] (32–55%) [8]
RIBOCICLIB
Family: N/A
Scientific names: 3,4’,5-trihydroxystilbene, trans- Headache [INH] (<10%) [O] (43–66%) Trade name: Kisqali (Novartis)
resveratrol-3-O-glucuronide, trans-resveratrol-3- [57] Indications: Treatment of postmenopausal
sulfate Insomnia [O] (25–41%) [29] women with hormone receptor (HR)-positive,
Indications: Cancers, dermal wound healing, Irritability [10] human epidermal growth factor receptor 2
atherosclerosis, herpes simplex, cholesterol- Neurotoxicity [2] (HER2)-negative advanced or metastatic breast
lowering, heart disease, skin cancers Pain [O] (10%) cancer (in combination with an aromatase
Class: Immunomodulator, Phytoestrogen Rigors [O] (25–48%) inhibitor)
Half-life: N/A Suicidal ideation [O] (2%) [2] Class: CDK4/6 inhibitor
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Vertigo (dizziness) [O] (14–26%) [7] Half-life: 30–55 hours
interactions with: aspirin, warfarin Neuromuscular/Skeletal Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Note: Resveratrol is extracted from: Vitis vinifera Arthralgia [INH] (22–34%) [7] interactions with: alfentanil, amiodarone,
?grape seed and skin?, Polygonium cuspidatum, and Asthenia (fatigue) [63] bepridil, boceprevir, chloroquine, clarithromycin,
nuts. Red wine is associated with the so-called Muscle spasm [3] conivaptan, cyclosporine, CYP3A4 substrates,
French paradox – low incidence of heart disease Myalgia/Myopathy [INH] (40–64%) [4] dihydroergotamine, disopyramide, ergotamine,
among French people who drink moderate Gastrointestinal/Hepatic everolimus, fentanyl, grapefruit juice, halofantrine,
quantities of red wine. A glass of red wine Diarrhea [16] haloperidol, indinavir, itraconazole, ketoconazole,
contains approximately 640 micrograms of Dyspepsia [2] lopinavir, methadone, midazolam, moxifloxacin,
resveratrol. Hepatotoxicity [6] ondansetron, pimozide, procainamide, QT
Nausea [INH] (<10%) [39] prolonging drugs, quinidine, rifampin, ritonavir,
Pancreatitis [4] saquinavir, sirolimus, sotalol, strong CYP3A4
Vomiting [O] (9–25%) [3] inducers and inhibitors, tacrolimus, voriconazole
RIBOCICLIB Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Pregnancy category: N/A (Can cause fetal darunavir, delavirdine, dicumarol, efavirenz, daclatasvir, dapsone, darunavir, dasabuvir/
harm) enzalutamide, etravirine, flibanserin, ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir, dasatinib,
Important contra-indications noted in the fosamprenavir, indinavir, itraconazole, deferasirox, deflazacort, delavirdine,
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; ixabepilone, lapatinib, ledipasvir & sofosbuvir, dexamethasone, diclofenac, dicumarol, digoxin,
pediatric patients levonorgestrel, lopinavir, midazolam, doxycycline, dronedarone, edoxaban, efavirenz,
mifepristone, nelfinavir, oral contraceptives, elbasvir & grazoprevir, eliglustat, eluxadoline,
Skin posaconazole, rilpivirine, ritonavir, romidepsin, emtricitabine/rilpivirine/tenofovir alafenamide,
Peripheral edema (12%) simeprevir, sofosbuvir, sofosbuvir & velpatasvir, enzalutamide, estradiol, eszopiclone, etoricoxib,
Pruritus (14%) sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/voxilaprevir, solifenacin, etravirine, everolimus, fesoterodine, flibanserin,
Rash (17%) [2] sonidegib, sorafenib, sunitinib, tacrolimus, fludrocortisone, flunisolide, fosamprenavir,
temsirolimus, tenofovir alafenamide, tezacaftor/ gadoxetate, gefitinib, gestrinone, glecaprevir &
Hair ivacaftor, thalidomide, tipranavir, tolvaptan, pibrentasvir, halothane, hydrocortisone, ibrutinib,
Alopecia (33%) [2] vandetanib, vemurafenib, voriconazole idelalisib, imatinib, indinavir, isavuconazonium
Mucosal Pregnancy category: B sulfate, isoniazid, itraconazole, ixabepilone,
Stomatitis (12%) Important contra-indications noted in the ixazomib, ketoconazole, lapatinib, ledipasvir &
Cardiovascular prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing sofosbuvir, leflunomide, lesinurad, letermovir,
Hypertension [2] mothers; pediatric patients levodopa, levonorgestrel, linagliptin, linezolid,
lopinavir, lorcainide, losartan, lumacaftor/
Central Nervous System ivacaftor, lurasidone, macitentan, maraviroc,
Fever (13%) Skin
Lupus erythematosus [2] methylprednisolone, midazolam, midostaurin,
Headache (22%) [2] mifepristone, naldemedine, nelfinavir, neratinib,
Insomnia (12%) Pigmentation [2]
Rash (11%) [2] netupitant & palonosetron, nevirapine, nifedipine,
Neuromuscular/Skeletal nilotinib, olaparib, ombitasvir/paritaprevir/
Asthenia (fatigue) (37%) [5] Central Nervous System ritonavir, ondansetron, oral contraceptives,
Back pain (20%) [2] Anorexia (2%) osimertinib, ospemifene, oxtriphylline, paclitaxel,
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (3%) palbociclib, pazopanib, perampanel,
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Fever (2%) phenylbutazone, pimavanserin, pioglitazone,
Abdominal pain (11%) Headache (3%) pitavastatin, pomalidomide, ponatinib,
Diarrhea (35%) [2] Neuromuscular/Skeletal praziquantel, prednisolone, prednisone,
Arthralgia [6] propranolol, propyphenazone, protease
Nausea (52%) [7]
Myalgia/Myopathy (2%) inhibitors, pyrazinamide, quinine, raltegravir,
Vomiting (29%) [4]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic ramelteon, ranolazine, regorafenib, ribociclib,
Respiratory rilpivirine, riociguat, ritonavir, rivaroxaban,
Dyspnea (12%) Abdominal pain (4%)
Diarrhea (3%) roflumilast, romidepsin, rosiglitazone, saquinavir,
Endocrine/Metabolic Dyspepsia (3%) simeprevir, simvastatin, sofosbuvir, sofosbuvir &
ALT increased (46%) [2] Eructation (belching) (3%) velpatasvir, sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/voxilaprevir,
Appetite decreased (19%) Flatulence (2%) solifenacin, sonidegib, sorafenib, sunitinib,
AST increased (44%) [3] Hepatotoxicity [2] tacrolimus, tadalafil, tasimelteon, telaprevir,
Hyperbilirubinemia (18%) Nausea (6%) telithromycin, temsirolimus, tenofovir
Serum creatinine increased (20%) alafenamide, terbinafine, tezacaftor/ivacaftor,
Ocular thalidomide, ticagrelor, tipranavir, tofacitinib,
Genitourinary Intraocular inflammation [2] tolvaptan, trabectedin, treprostinil, triamcinolone,
Urinary tract infection (11%) Ocular toxicity [2] triazolam, trimethoprim, troleandomycin,
Hematologic Uveitis [31] ulipristal, valbenazine, vandetanib, vemurafenib,
Anemia (18%) [2] Visual disturbances [2] venetoclax, vorapaxar, voriconazole, vortioxetine,
Leukopenia (33%) [8] warfarin, zaleplon, zidovudine, zolpidem
Lymphopenia (11%) [3] Pregnancy category: C
RIFAMPIN
Skin
Other Synonym: rifampicin Acneform eruption [3]
Infection [2] Trade names: Rifadin (Sanofi-Aventis), AGEP [2]
Rimactane (Novartis) Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [8]
Indications: Tuberculosis Dermatitis [3]
Class: Antibiotic, rifamycin, CYP1A2 inducer,
RIFABUTIN CYP3A4 inducer
Diaphoresis (<10%)
DRESS syndrome [5]
Half-life: 3–5 hours Erythema multiforme [4]
Trade name: Mycobutin (Pfizer)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Exanthems (<5%) [6]
Indications: Disseminated Mycobacterium avium
interactions with: abacavir, abiraterone, Fixed eruption [6]
infection
acalabrutinib, afatinib, amiodarone, amprenavir, Flushing (7%) [8]
Class: Antibiotic, rifamycin, CYP3A4 inducer
anisindione, antacids, anticoagulants, apixaban, Hypersensitivity [5]
Half-life: 45 hours
apremilast, aprepitant, artemether/lumefantrine, Linear IgA bullous dermatosis [3]
atazanavir, atorvastatin, atovaquone, atovaquone/ Pemphigus [9]
interactions with: abiraterone, amiodarone,
proguanil, beclomethasone, bedaquiline, Pruritus (<62%) [9]
amprenavir, anisindione, anticoagulants,
betamethasone, bictegravir/emtricitabine/ Purpura [6]
atazanavir, atovaquone, atovaquone/proguanil,
tenofovir alafenamide, bisoprolol, boceprevir, Rash (<5%) [5]
azithromycin, bedaquiline, bictegravir/
bosentan, brentuximab vedotin, brigatinib, Red man syndrome [7]
emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide, boceprevir,
brivaracetam, buprenorphine, cabazitaxel, Serum sickness-like reaction [2]
cabazitaxel, cabozantinib, cobicistat/elvitegravir/
cabozantinib, canagliflozin, caspofungin, ceritinib, Stevens-Johnson syndrome [5]
emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide, cobicistat/
clobazam, clozapine, cobimetinib, copanlisib, Thrombocytopenic purpura [2]
corticosteroids, cortisone, crizotinib, Toxic epidermal necrolysis [6]
corticosteroids, crizotinib, cyclosporine, dapsone,
cyclosporine, cyproterone, dabigatran,
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual RISEDRONATE
Urticaria [8] Hypotension (2–5%) Lymphocytosis (<2%)

Vasculitis [5] Central Nervous System Monocytosis (<2%)
Central Nervous System Abnormal dreams (<2%) Neutropenia (<2%)
Fever [2] Ageusia (taste loss) (<2%) Otic
Seizures [3] Amnesia (2–5%) Ear pain (<2%)
Vertigo (dizziness) [2] Anorexia (<5%) Tinnitus (<2%)
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Confusion (2–5%) Other
Asthenia (fatigue) [3] Depression (7%) Adverse effects [2]
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (<2%) [2] Breast cancer [2]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Fever (3–6%)
Abdominal pain [3] Headache (10%) [8]
Diarrhea [2] Hypoesthesia (2–5%)
Hepatitis [3] Impaired concentration (2–5%) RIOCIGUAT
Hepatotoxicity [18] Insomnia (<7%)
Nausea [4] Migraine (<2%) Trade name: Adempas (Bayer)
Vomiting [2] Pain (<5%) Indications: Pulmonary hypertension
Respiratory Syncope (<2%) Class: Soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) stimulator
Pneumonitis [2] Tremor (2–5%) Half-life: 7–12 hours
Vertigo (dizziness) (<13%) [3] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Endocrine/Metabolic interactions with: antacids, carbamazepine,
Amenorrhea [2] Neuromuscular/Skeletal dipyridamole, nitrates or nitric oxide donors,
Porphyria [2] Arthralgia (<6%) nitroprusside, phenobarbital, phenytoin, rifampin,
Renal Asthenia (fatigue) (<12%) [3] sildenafil, St John’s wort, tadalafil, theophylline,
Nephrotoxicity [10] Back pain (6%) vardenafil
Muscle spasm (<9%) Pregnancy category: X
Hematologic Myalgia/Myopathy (<5%) Important contra-indications noted in the
Agranulocytosis [2] Neck pain (<2%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Anemia [3] Pain in extremities (2–5%) pediatric patients
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Warning: EMBRYO-FETAL TOXICITY
Other Abdominal distension (<8%)
Adverse effects [13] Abdominal pain (2–9%) [10]
Death [7] Skin
Ascites (11%) Peripheral edema [2]
Side effects (5%) Black stools (<2%)
Constipation (4–6%) Cardiovascular
Diarrhea (<2%) [6] Hypotension (10%) [6]
RIFAXIMIN Fecal urgency (6%) Central Nervous System
Flatulence (11%) [2] Headache (27%) [3]
Trade names: Xifaxan (Salix), Xifaxanta Hernia (<2%) Syncope [2]
(Norgine) Nausea (5–14%) [8] Vertigo (dizziness) (20%)
Indications: Diarrhea in travelers (caused by Tenesmus (7%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
non-invasive strains of E. coli), reduction in risk of Vomiting (2%) [3] Constipation (5%)
overt hepatic encephalopathy recurrence (in Respiratory Diarrhea (12%)
adults) Cough (7%) Dyspepsia (21%) [2]
Class: Antibiotic, rifamycin Dyspnea (<6%) Gastroesophageal reflux (5%)
Half-life: 2–5 hours Flu-like syndrome (2–5%) Nausea (14%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Nasopharyngitis (<7%) [4] Vomiting (10%)
interactions with: BCG vaccine Pharyngitis (<2%)
Pregnancy category: C Hematologic
Pharyngolaryngeal pain (<2%) Anemia (7%)
Important contra-indications noted in the Pneumonia (2–5%)
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Bleeding (2%) [2]
Rhinitis (<5%)
pediatric patients Sinusitis [2] Other
Upper respiratory tract infection (2–5%) [6] Adverse effects [5]
Skin Endocrine/Metabolic
Cellulitis (2–5%) AST increased (<2%)
Clammy skin (<2%) Dehydration (<5%) RISEDRONATE
Diaphoresis (<2%) Hyperglycemia (2–5%)
Edema (2–5%) Hyperkalemia (2–5%) Trade names: Actonel (Procter & Gamble),
Hot flashes (<2%) Hypoglycemia (2–5%) Atelvia (Warner Chilcott)
Hyperhidrosis (<2%) Hyponatremia (2–5%) Indications: Paget’s disease of bone,
Peripheral edema (15%) [2] Weight gain (2–5%) osteoporosis
Pruritus (9%) Class: Bisphosphonate
Rash (<5%) Genitourinary Half-life: terminal: 220 hours
Sunburn (<2%) Dysuria (<2%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Hematuria (<2%) interactions with: antacids, calcium
Mucosal Polyuria (<2%)
Epistaxis (nosebleed) (2–5%) supplements, iron preparations, laxatives,
Urinary frequency (<2%) magnesium-based supplements
Gingival lesions (<2%)
Rhinorrhea (<2%) Renal
Xerostomia (2–5%) Proteinuria (<2%)
Cardiovascular Hematologic
Chest pain (<5%) [2] Anemia (8%)
RISEDRONATE See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Pregnancy category: C Anxiety [C] (16%) (2–16%) [5]

Important contra-indications noted in the RISPERIDONE Catatonia [2]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Compulsions [3]
pediatric patients Trade names: Risperdal (Ortho-McNeil) Depression (14%) [7]
(Janssen), Risperdal Consta (Ortho-McNeil) Extrapyramidal symptoms [18]
(Janssen) Fever [C] (20%) (<2%)
Skin Indications: Schizophrenia, bipolar mania,
Ecchymoses (4%) Headache [9]
irritability associated with autistic disorder Insomnia [9]
Peripheral edema (8%) Class: Antipsychotic, Mood stabilizer
Pruritus (3%) Neuroleptic malignant syndrome [25]
Half-life: 3–30 hours Neurotoxicity [2]
Rash (8%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous Parkinsonism [C] (2–16%) (12–20%) [7]
Cardiovascular interactions with: ACE inhibitors, alcohol, alpha Psychosis [3]
Chest pain (5%) blockers, amantadine, angiotensin II receptor Rabbit syndrome [3]
Hypertension (11%) antagonists, anxiolytics and hypnotics, Restless legs syndrome [2]
Central Nervous System apomorphine, artemether/lumefantrine, Schizophrenia [2]
Depression (7%) barbiturates, bromocriptine, cabergoline, calcium Sedation [4]
Fever [2] channel blockers, carbamazepine, cimetidine, Seizures [3]
Headache (10%) [3] citalopram, clozapine, cobicistat/elvitegravir/ Serotonin syndrome [3]
Insomnia (5%) emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide, cobicistat/ Somnolence (drowsiness) [C] (12–67%) (5–
Pain (14%) elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil, 14%) [16]
Paresthesias (2%) ethosuximide, fluoxetine, general anesthetics, Stuttering [2]
Vertigo (dizziness) (7%) histamine, levodopa, memantine, methyldopa, Suicidal ideation [3]
metoclopramide, opioid analgesics, Tardive dyskinesia [5]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal oxcarbazepine, paliperidone, paroxetine
Arthralgia (10–24%) [7] Tremor [C] (10–12%) (6%) [6]
hydrochloride, pergolide, phenytoin, Vertigo (dizziness) [C] (7–16%) (4–10%) [5]
Asthenia (fatigue) (5%) pramipexole, primidone, ranitidine, ritonavir,
Back pain (28%) [5] ropinirole, rotigotine, sodium oxybate, Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Bone or joint pain (7%) [5] sympathomimetics, tetrabenazine, tramadol, Arthralgia (2–3%)
Fractures (9%) [9] tricyclics, valproic acid Asthenia (fatigue) [C] (18–42%) (<3%) [4]
Myalgia/Myopathy (7%) [3] Pregnancy category: C Back pain (2–3%)
Neck pain (5%) [3] Important contra-indications noted in the Dystonia [C] (9–18%) (5–11%) [5]
Osteonecrosis [5] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Pisa syndrome [3]
Tendinopathy/Tendon rupture (3%) pediatric patients Rhabdomyolysis [7]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Note: Safety and effectiveness have not been Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Abdominal pain (12%) [3] established for pediatric patients with Abdominal pain [C] (15–18%) (3–4%)
Constipation (13%) [3] schizophrenia <13 years of age, for bipolar mania Constipation [C] (21%) (8–9%) [5]
Diarrhea (11%) [4] <10 years of age, and for autistic disorder <5 Diarrhea [C] (7%) (73%)
Dyspepsia (11%) [2] years of age. [C] = in children. Dyspepsia [C] (5–16%) (4–10%)
Esophagitis [2] Warning: INCREASED MORTALITY IN Dysphagia [2]
Gastrointestinal disorder [3] ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH DEMENTIA- Nausea [C] (8–16%) (4–9%) [4]
Hepatotoxicity [6] RELATED PSYCHOSIS Pancreatitis [2]
Nausea (11%) [2] Vomiting [C] (10–25%)
Respiratory Skin Respiratory
Bronchitis (10%) Angioedema [6] Cough [C] (34%) (3%)
Cough (6%) Edema [3] Dyspnea [C] (2–5%) (2%)
Flu-like syndrome (11%) [2] Peripheral edema (16%) [4] Pneumonia [2]
Influenza [3] Photosensitivity (<10%) [2] Pulmonary embolism [3]
Nasopharyngitis [3] Rash [C] (11%) (2–4%) Rhinitis [C] (13–36%) (7–11%)
Pharyngitis (6%) Seborrhea (2%) Upper respiratory tract infection [C] (34%)
Rhinitis (6%) Urticaria [2] (2–3%)
Sinusitis (9%) Xerosis (2%) Endocrine/Metabolic
Genitourinary Hair Amenorrhea [6]
Urinary tract infection (11%) Alopecia [2] Appetite decreased [2]
Ocular Mucosal Appetite increased [C] (49%) [3]
Cataract (7%) Sialopenia (5%) Diabetes mellitus [2]
Ocular adverse effects [3] Sialorrhea [C] (22%) (<3%) [11] Galactorrhea (<10%) [14]
Scleritis [2] Xerostomia [C] (13%) (4%) [7] Gynecomastia (<10%) [6]
Hyperprolactinemia [23]
Other Cardiovascular Metabolic syndrome [5]
Adverse effects [5] Bradycardia [2] Weight gain [C] (5%) [33]
Allergic reactions (4%) Cardiotoxicity [2]
Infection (31%) [3] Hypotension [2] Genitourinary
Tooth disorder (2%) QT prolongation [4] Priapism (<10%) [27]
Tachycardia [C] (7%) (<5%) Sexual dysfunction [3]
Venous thromboembolism [6] Urinary incontinence [C] (5–22%) (2%)
Ventricular arrhythmia [2] Urinary tract infection (3%)
Central Nervous System Renal
Agitation [2] Enuresis [4]
Akathisia [C] (16%) (5–9%) [18] Hematologic
Anorexia [C] (8%) (2%) Leukopenia [2]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual RITONAVIR
Neutropenia [2] clozapine, cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/ Rash (27%) [12]

Ocular tenofovir disoproxil, colchicine, conivaptan, Seborrhea (<2%)
Abnormal vision [C] (4–7%) (<3%) copanlisib, crizotinib, cyclosporine, cyproterone, Toxicity [2]
Periorbital edema [2] darifenacin, dasatinib, deferasirox, delavirdine, Urticaria (8%)
Vision blurred [3] diazepam, diclofenac, dihydroergotamine, Xanthomas [2]
docetaxel, dronedarone, dutasteride, efavirenz, Xerosis (<2%)
Local eletriptan, eluxadoline, ergot alkaloids,
Injection-site pain [3] Hair
ergotamine, erlotinib, estazolam, estradiol, Alopecia [2]
Other eszopiclone, etravirine, everolimus, ezetimibe,
Adverse effects [11] fentanyl, fesoterodine, flecainide, flibanserin, Mucosal
Death [3] flurazepam, fluticasone propionate, glecaprevir & Cheilitis (<2%)
Tooth disorder (<3%) pibrentasvir, halazepam, indacaterol, Gingivitis (<2%)
isavuconazonium sulfate, itraconazole, ivabradine, Oral candidiasis (<2%)
ixabepilone, ketoconazole, lapatinib, ledipasvir & Oral ulceration (<2%)
sofosbuvir, levomepromazine, levothyroxine, Oropharyngeal pain (16%)
RITODRINE lomitapide, macitentan, maraviroc, meloxicam, Xerostomia (<2%)
Indications: Preterm labor meperidine, meptazinol, methylergonovine, Cardiovascular
Class: Beta-2 adrenergic agonist, Tocolytic methysergide, midazolam, midostaurin, Cardiotoxicity [2]
Half-life: 1.3–12 hours mifepristone, naldemedine, nelfinavir, neratinib, Hypertension (3%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous nifedipine, nilotinib, olaparib, oral contraceptives, Hypotension (2%)
interactions with: glycopyrrolate osimertinib, paclitaxel, palbociclib, paroxetine Orthostatic hypotension (2%)
Pregnancy category: B hydrochloride, pazopanib, phenytoin, pimozide, Central Nervous System
piroxicam, pitavastatin, ponatinib, posaconazole, Ageusia (taste loss) (<2%)
propafenone, propoxyphene, propranolol, Confusion (3%)
Skin quazepam, quinidine, quinine, ranolazine,
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis (<3%) Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (16%)
ribociclib, rifabutin, rifampin, rifapentine, Headache [8]
Diaphoresis (<14%) rilpivirine, rimonabant, risperidone, rivaroxaban,
Erythema (10–15%) [2] Hyperesthesia (<2%)
romidepsin, rosuvastatin, ruxolitinib, saquinavir, Impaired concentration (3%)
Pustules [2] sildenafil, silodosin, simeprevir, simvastatin,
Rash (<3%) Insomnia [2]
sofosbuvir, sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/voxilaprevir, Neurotoxicity [2]
Toxic epidermal necrolysis [2] solifenacin, St John’s wort, sunitinib, tadalafil,
Vasculitis [2] Paresthesias (51%)
telaprevir, telithromycin, temsirolimus, tenofovir Parosmia (<2%)
Cardiovascular disoproxil, ticagrelor, tolvaptan, trabectedin, Peripheral neuropathy (10%)
Chest pain [2] triazolam, ulipristal, vardenafil, vemurafenib, Syncope (3%)
Myocardial ischemia [2] venetoclax, vorapaxar, voriconazole, zolpidem, Vertigo (dizziness) (16%) [2]
Pulmonary edema [3] zuclopenthixol
Pregnancy category: B Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Central Nervous System Arthralgia (19%)
Chills (3–10%) Asthenia (fatigue) (46%) [3]
Tremor (>10%) Back pain (19%)
Note: Protease inhibitors cause dyslipidemia
Neuromuscular/Skeletal which includes elevated triglycerides and Myalgia/Myopathy (4–9%)
Rhabdomyolysis [4] cholesterol and redistribution of body fat centrally Rhabdomyolysis [2]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic to produce the so-called ‘protease paunch’, Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Hepatotoxicity [3] breast enlargement, facial atrophy, and ‘buffalo Abdominal pain (26%) [2]
hump’. Kaletra is ritonavir and lopinavir. See also Diarrhea (68%) [14]
Endocrine/Metabolic
separate entry for ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ Dyspepsia (12%)
Hypokalemia [2]
ritonavir. Flatulence (8%)
Ocular Warning: DRUG-DRUG INTERACTIONS Gastrointestinal bleeding (2%)
Glaucoma [2] LEADING TO POTENTIALLY SERIOUS AND/ Gastrointestinal disorder [4]
Other OR LIFE THREATENING REACTIONS Hepatotoxicity (9%) [5]
Adverse effects [2] Nausea (57%) [12]
Skin Vomiting (32%) [7]
Acneform eruption (4%) Respiratory
RITONAVIR Bullous dermatitis (<2%) Cough (22%)
Dermatitis (<2%) Nasopharyngitis [2]
Trade names: Kaletra (AbbVie), Norvir (AbbVie) Diaphoresis (<10%) Upper respiratory tract infection [2]
Indications: HIV infection Ecchymoses (<2%)
Endocrine/Metabolic
Class: Antiretroviral, CYP3A4 inhibitor, HIV-1 Eczema (<2%)
ALT increased [3]
protease inhibitor Edema (6%)
Cushing’s syndrome [7]
Half-life: 3–5 hours Exanthems (<2%) [2]
Gynecomastia [2]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Facial edema (8%)
Hyperbilirubinemia [6]
interactions with: abiraterone, afatinib, Flushing (13%)
Hypercholesterolemia (3%) [2]
alfentanil, alfuzosin, alprazolam, amiodarone, Folliculitis (<2%)
Hyperlipidemia [2]
amitriptyline, amprenavir, aprepitant, astemizole, Hypersensitivity (8%)
Hypertriglyceridemia (9%) [3]
atazanavir, atorvastatin, atovaquone, atovaquone/ Jaundice [3]
proguanil, avanafil, azithromycin, bepridil, Lipodystrophy [4] Genitourinary
boceprevir, bosentan, brigatinib, buprenorphine, Peripheral edema (6%) Urinary frequency (4%)
bupropion, buspirone, cabazitaxel, cabozantinib, Photosensitivity (<2%) Renal
calcifediol, carbamazepine, ceritinib, Pruritus (12%) Fanconi syndrome [4]
chlordiazepoxide, ciclesonide, citalopram, Psoriasis (<2%) Nephrolithiasis [3]
RITONAVIR Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Nephrotoxicity [3] Cardiotoxicity [5] Local

Renal failure [2] Hypertension (6%) [3] Application-site reactions [4]
Ocular Hypotension (10%) [10] Infusion-related reactions [28]
Vision blurred (6%) Myocardial infarction [2] Infusion-site reactions [11]
Central Nervous System Injection-site pain [2]
Other Injection-site reactions [4]
Adverse effects [9] Anxiety (5%)
Allergic reactions (<2%) Chills (33%) [15] Other
Encephalitis [3] Adverse effects [30]
Fever (53%) [23] Allergic reactions [4]
Headache (19%) [4] Death [28]
RITUXIMAB Leukoencephalopathy [27] Infection (31%) [55]
Neurotoxicity [4]
Trade names: MabThera (Roche), Rituxan Pain (12%)
(Genentech) Peripheral neuropathy [6]
Indications: Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, chronic Rigors [4]
RIVAROXABAN
lymphocytic leukemia, rhematoid arthritis (in Vertigo (dizziness) (10%)
combination with methotrexate), granulomatosis Trade name: Xarelto (Janssen)
with polyangiitis and mycroscopic polyangiitis (in Neuromuscular/Skeletal Indications: Prevention of venous
combination with glucocorticoids) Arthralgia (10%) [3] thromboembolism in patients undergoing knee or
Class: Biologic, CD20-directed cytolytic Asthenia (fatigue) (26%) [18] hip replacement surgery, treatment of deep vein
monoclonal antibody, Disease-modifying Back pain (10%) thrombosis and pulmonary embolism
antirheumatic drug (DMARD), Myalgia/Myopathy (10%) [2] Class: Anticoagulant, Direct factor Xa inhibitor
Immunosuppressant, Monoclonal antibody Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Half-life: 5–9 hours
Half-life: 60 hours (after first infusion) Abdominal pain (14%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Colitis [4] interactions with: anticoagulants, aspirin,
interactions with: benazepril, captopril, Constipation [2] atazanavir, atorvastatin, carbamazepine,
certolizumab, cisplatin, clevidipine, enalapril, Diarrhea (10%) [10] clarithromycin, clopidogrel, combined P-
fosinopril, irbesartan, lisinopril, olmesartan, Hepatitis [4] glycoprotein and strong CYP3A4 inhibitors and
quinapril, ramipril Hepatotoxicity [7] inducers, conivaptan, dabigatran, darunavir,
Pregnancy category: C Nausea (23%) [13] delavirdine, diclofenac, efavirenz, enoxaparin,
Important contra-indications noted in the Pancreatitis [2] erythromycin, fosamprenavir, HIV protease
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Vomiting (10%) [8] inhibitors, indinavir, itraconazole, ketoconazole,
pediatric patients ketorolac, lapatinib, lopinavir, nelfinavir,
Respiratory phenobarbital, phenytoin, posaconazole, rifampin,
Warning: FATAL INFUSION REACTIONS, Acute respiratory distress syndrome [3]
SEVERE MUCOCUTANEOUS REACTIONS, ritonavir, saquinavir, St John’s wort, telithromycin,
Bronchospasm (8%) [6] tipranavir, voriconazole
HEPATITIS B VIRUS REACTIVATION and Cough (increased) (13%) [6]
PROGRESSIVE MULTIFOCAL Pregnancy category: C
Dyspnea (7%) [7] Important contra-indications noted in the
LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHY Flu-like syndrome [3] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Nasopharyngitis [3] pediatric patients
Skin Pneumonia [21] Note: Contra-indicated in patients with active
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [7] Pneumonitis [2] pathological bleeding.
Angioedema (11%) [4] Pulmonary toxicity [15] Warning: PREMATURE DISCONTINUATION
Dermatitis [2] Rhinitis (12%) [2] OF XARELTO INCREASES THE RISK OF
Diaphoresis (15%) [2] Sinusitis (6%) [5] THROMBOTIC EVENTS
Erythema [2] Upper respiratory tract infection [9]
SPINAL/EPIDURAL HEMATOMA
Flushing (5%) Endocrine/Metabolic
Herpes simplex [2] ALT increased [3]
Herpes zoster [7] Skin
AST increased [3]
Hypersensitivity [5] Hematoma [3]
Hyperglycemia (9%)
Kaposi’s sarcoma [3] Hypersensitivity [2]
Hypokalemia [2]
Paraneoplastic pemphigus [2] Pruritus (2%)
Hyponatremia [2]
Peripheral edema (8%) Rash [3]
Pruritus (14%) [8] Genitourinary
Mucosal
Psoriasis [4] Urinary tract infection [8]
Epistaxis (nosebleed) [7]
Pyoderma gangrenosum [3] Renal Gingival bleeding [2]
Rash (15%) [12] Nephrotoxicity [3]
Sarcoidosis [3] Cardiovascular
Hematologic Cardiac tamponade [2]
Serum sickness [22] Anemia (8%) [14]
Serum sickness-like reaction [5] Congestive heart failure [2]
Cytopenia [3] Hypertension [2]
Stevens-Johnson syndrome [6] Febrile neutropenia [17]
Toxic epidermal necrolysis [4] Myocardial infarction [2]
Hemotoxicity [3]
Toxicity [3] Central Nervous System
Hypogammaglobulinemia [6]
Tumor lysis syndrome [4] Stroke [2]
Leukopenia (14%) [15]
Urticaria (8%) [5] Lymphopenia (48%) [13] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Vasculitis [4] Myelosuppression [5] Abdominal pain [2]
Mucosal Myelotoxicity [2] Black stools [2]
Mucocutaneous reactions [2] Neutropenia (14%) [55] Diarrhea [2]
Stomatitis [2] Sepsis [4] Gastrointestinal bleeding [3]
Cardiovascular Thrombocytopenia (12%) [42] Hepatotoxicity [6]
Atrial fibrillation [2] Thrombosis [2]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual ROFLUMILAST
Genitourinary Dyspepsia (9%)

Hematuria [5] Eructation (belching) (2%) ROFLUMILAST
Hematologic Flatulence (4%)
Nausea (29–47%) [14] Trade names: Daliresp (Takeda), Daxas (Takeda)
Anemia (3%) Indications: To reduce the risk of COPD
Bleeding [15] Vomiting (17–31%) [14]
exacerbations in patients with severe COPD
Hemorrhage [5] Respiratory associated with chronic bronchitis and a history of
Other Bronchitis (>2%) exacerbations
Adverse effects [4] Cough (>2%) Class: Anti-inflammatory, Phosphodiesterase
Flu-like syndrome (3%) inhibitor, Phosphodiesterase type 4 (PDE4)
Pharyngitis (>2%) inhibitor
Rhinitis (4%)
RIVASTIGMINE Endocrine/Metabolic
Half-life: 17 hours
Trade name: Exelon (Novartis) Dehydration (2%) interactions with: aminophylline,
Indications: Alzheimer’s disease and dementia Weight loss (3%) [3] carbamazepine, cimetidine, denileukin, efavirenz,
Class: Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Genitourinary enoxacin, erythromycin, fingolimod, fluvoxamine,
Cholinesterase inhibitor Urinary incontinence (>2%) ketoconazole, oral contraceptives, pazopanib,
Half-life: 1–2 hours Urinary tract infection (7%) phenobarbital, phenytoin, rifampin
Local Important contra-indications noted in the
interactions with: galantamine Application-site erythema [2]
Pregnancy category: B prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Application-site pruritus [3] pediatric patients
Important contra-indications noted in the Application-site reactions [3]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Note: Contra-indicated in patients with
pediatric patients Other moderate to severe liver impairment (Child-Pugh
Adverse effects [5] B or C class).
Death [2]
Skin Infection (>2%)
Dermatitis [2] Cardiovascular
Diaphoresis (10%) Cardiotoxicity [2]
Exanthems [2] Hypertension [3]
Hyperhidrosis (4%) RIZATRIPTAN Central Nervous System
Peripheral edema (>2%) Anorexia [3]
Rash (>2%) [2] Trade name: Maxalt (Merck) Anxiety (<2%) [2]
Indications: Migraine Depression (<2%)
Cardiovascular Class: 5-HT1 agonist, Serotonin receptor agonist,
Bradycardia [5] Headache (4%) [21]
Triptan Insomnia (2%) [6]
Chest pain (>2%) Half-life: 2–3 hours
Hypertension (3%) [2] Neurotoxicity [3]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Suicidal ideation [2]
QT prolongation [2] interactions with: dihydroergotamine, ergot-
Thrombophlebitis (<2%) Tremor (<2%)
containing drugs, isocarboxazid, MAO inhibitors, Vertigo (dizziness) [4]
Central Nervous System methysergide, naratriptan, phenelzine,
Aggression (3%) propranolol, sibutramine, SSRIs, St John’s wort, Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Agitation (>2%) sumatriptan, tranylcypromine, zolmitriptan Back pain (3%) [4]
Anorexia (6–17%) [3] Pregnancy category: C Muscle spasm (<2%)
Anxiety (4–5%) Important contra-indications noted in the Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Confusion (8%) [2] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers Abdominal pain (<2%) [2]
Delusions of parasitosis (>2%) Diarrhea (10%) [26]
Depression (6%) Mucosal Dyspepsia (<2%)
Hallucinations (4%) Xerostomia (3%) Gastritis (<2%) [2]
Headache (4–17%) [3] Nausea (5%) [24]
Insomnia (3–9%) Cardiovascular Vomiting (<2%) [2]
Nervousness (>2%) Chest pain (<3%) [2]
Respiratory
Pain (>2%) Central Nervous System Bronchitis [3]
Parkinsonism (2%) Headache (<2%) COPD [4]
Restlessness [2] Neurotoxicity [2] Dyspnea [3]
Somnolence (drowsiness) (3–5%) Pain (3%) Influenza (3%) [3]
Syncope (3%) [4] Paresthesias (3–4%) Nasopharyngitis [4]
Tremor (4–10%) [3] Somnolence (drowsiness) (4–6%) Pneumonia [3]
Vertigo (dizziness) (6–21%) [5] Vertigo (dizziness) (4–9%) [10] Rhinitis (<2%)
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Neuromuscular/Skeletal Sinusitis (<2%)
Arthralgia (>2%) Asthenia (fatigue) (4–7%) [9] Upper respiratory tract infection [5]
Asthenia (fatigue) (2–9%) Jaw pain (<2%) Endocrine/Metabolic
Back pain (>2%) Neck pain (<2%) Appetite decreased (2%) [5]
Dystonia [2] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Weight loss (8%) [25]
Fractures (>2%) Nausea (4–6%)
Myalgia/Myopathy (20%) Genitourinary
Pisa syndrome [3] Other Urinary tract infection (<2%)
Adverse effects [4] Other
Abdominal pain (4–13%) [2] Adverse effects [6]
Diarrhea (7–19%) [6]
ROLAPITANT See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Mucosal Herpes simplex (5%)

ROLAPITANT Stomatitis (6–10%) Hyperhidrosis (3%)
Cardiovascular Peripheral edema (2–7%) [2]
Trade name: Varubi (Tesaro) Rash [2]
Indications: Delayed nausea and vomiting from Hypotension (7–23%)
chemotherapy, in combination with Supraventricular arrhythmias (>2%) Mucosal
dexamethasone and a 5HT3-receptor antagonist Tachycardia (10%) Xerostomia (5%)
Class: Antiemetic, Neurokinin 1 receptor Ventricular arrhythmia (>2%) Cardiovascular
antagonist Central Nervous System Cardiotoxicity [2]
Half-life: ~7 days Anorexia (23–54%) [5] Chest pain (4%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Chills (11–17%) Hypotension [2]
interactions with: thioridazine Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (15–40%) Orthostatic hypotension [4]
Pregnancy category: N/A (No data available) Fever (20–47%) Central Nervous System
Important contra-indications noted in the Headache (15–34%) Amnesia (3%)
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Neuromuscular/Skeletal Dyskinesia [9]
pediatric patients Asthenia (fatigue) (53–77%) [10] Hallucinations (<5%) [7]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Headache (6%) [5]
Mucosal Abdominal pain (13–14%) Hyperesthesia (4%)
Stomatitis (4%) Constipation (12–40%) Impulse control disorder [3]
Central Nervous System Diarrhea (20–36%) Insomnia [2]
Headache [6] Nausea (56–86%) [9] Pain (3–8%)
Vertigo (dizziness) (6%) [2] Vomiting (34–52%) [5] Paresthesias (5%)
Psychosis [5]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Respiratory Sleep related disorder [2]
Asthenia (fatigue) [5] Cough (18–21%) Somnolence (drowsiness) (11–40%) [13]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Dyspnea (13–21%) Syncope (<12%) [3]
Abdominal pain (3%) Endocrine/Metabolic Tremor (6%)
Constipation [6] ALT increased (3–22%) Vertigo (dizziness) (6–40%) [16]
Dyspepsia (4%) [3] AST increased (3–28%) Yawning (3%)
Endocrine/Metabolic Hyperglycemia (2–51%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Appetite decreased (9%) Hypermagnesemia (27%) Arthralgia (4%)
Hyperuricemia (33%) Asthenia (fatigue) (8–11%) [4]
Genitourinary Hypoalbuminemia (3–48%)
Urinary tract infection (4%) Back pain [2]
Hypocalcemia (4–52%) Myalgia/Myopathy (3%)
Hematologic Hypokalemia (6–20%)
Anemia (3%) Hypomagnesemia (22–28%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Neutropenia (7–9%) [2] Hyponatremia (<20%) Abdominal pain (3–7%) [2]
Hypophosphatemia (27%) Constipation [2]
Other Diarrhea (5%)
Hiccups (5%) [3] Weight loss (10–15%)
Dyspepsia (4–10%) [3]
Hematologic Nausea (40–60%) [19]
Anemia (19–72%) [3] Vomiting (11%) [4]
ROMIDEPSIN Leukopenia (4–55%) [2]
Lymphopenia (4–57%) [2] Respiratory
Neutropenia (11–66%) [5] Cough (3%)
Trade name: Istodax (Celgene) Dyspnea (3%)
Indications: Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) Sepsis (>2%)
Thrombocytopenia (17–72%) [8] Flu-like syndrome (3%)
Class: Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor Pharyngitis (6–9%)
Half-life: 3 hours Other Rhinitis (4%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Adverse effects [2] Sinusitis (4%)
interactions with: atazanavir, carbamazepine, Infection (46–54%) [2]
clarithromycin, conivaptan, coumadin derivatives,
Genitourinary
CYP3A4 inhibitors and inducers, darunavir, Impotence (3%)
delavirdine, dexamethasone, efavirenz, indinavir,
itraconazole, ketoconazole, nefazodone,
ROPINIROLE Ocular
nelfinavir, oxcarbazepine, phenobarbital, Trade name: Requip (GSK) Abnormal vision (6%)
phenytoin, rifabutin, rifampin, rifapentine, Indications: Parkinsonism Xerophthalmia (2%)
ritonavir, saquinavir, St John’s wort, telithromycin, Class: Dopamine receptor agonist Other
voriconazole, warfarin Half-life: ~6 hours Adverse effects [5]
Pregnancy category: D Clinically important, potentially hazardous Infection (viral) (11%)
Important contra-indications noted in the interactions with: ciprofloxacin, estradiol,
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; levomepromazine, norfloxacin, risperidone,
pediatric patients warfarin, zuclopenthixol
Dermatitis (4–27%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Edema (>2%) pediatric patients
Exfoliative dermatitis (4–27%)
Peripheral edema (6–10%) Skin
Pruritus (7–31%) Diaphoresis (3–6%)
Flushing (3%)
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual ROTIGOTINE
Nasopharyngitis (6%) Endocrine/Metabolic

ROSEMARY Respiratory tract infection (10%) Creatine phosphokinase increased [2]
Endocrine/Metabolic Diabetes mellitus [3]
Family: Lamiaceae; Labiatae
Scientific name: Rosmarinus officinalis Weight gain [4] Renal
Indications: Oral: dyspepsia, flatulence, gout, Genitourinary Nephrotoxicity [4]
cough, headache, loss of appetite, high blood Bladder disorder [2] Renal failure [3]
pressure. Topical: alopecia areata, circulatory Hematologic Other
disturbances, toothache, eczema, musculoskeletal Anemia [2] Adverse effects [8]
pain. Culinary spice, fragrance component, insect
repellent Ocular
Macular edema [8]
Class: Antibacterial, Antifungal
Half-life: N/A Proptosis [2] ROTAVIRUS VACCINE
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Other Trade names: Rotarix (GSK), RotaTeq (Merck)
interactions with: none known Adverse effects [3] Indications: Prevention of rotavirus
Pregnancy category: N/A Death [6] gastroenteritis
Note: Oils from rosemary, thyme, lavender and Half-life: N/A
cedarwood, used to treat alopecia areata, Clinically important, potentially hazardous
improved hair growth by 44% in 7 months (1998 ROSUVASTATIN interactions with: none known
Arch Dermatol 134:1349). Pregnancy category: C
Trade name: Crestor (AstraZeneca)
Indications: Hypercholesterolemia, mixed
dyslipidemia
Dermatitis [5] Fever [3]
Class: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, Statin
Half-life: ~19 hours Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Intussusception [2]
ROSIGLITAZONE interactions with: alcohol, amiodarone,
antacids, atazanavir, ciprofibrate, colchicine,
Trade names: Avandamet (GSK), Avandaryl conivaptan, coumarins, cyclosporine, daptomycin,
(GSK), Avandia (GSK) darunavir, dronedarone, elbasvir & grazoprevir, ROTIGOTINE
Indications: Type II diabetes eltrombopag, eluxadoline, erythromycin,
Class: Antidiabetic, Thiazolidinedione ethinylestradiol, fenofibrate, fibrates, Trade name: Neupro (Schwarz)
Half-life: 3–4 hours fosamprenavir, fusidic acid, gemfibrozil, indinavir, Indications: Parkinsonism, restless legs
Clinically important, potentially hazardous ledipasvir & sofosbuvir, letermovir, lopinavir, syndrome
interactions with: CYP2C8 inhibitors and nelfinavir, niacin, niacinamide, phenindione, Class: Dopamine receptor agonist
progestins, protease inhibitors, ritonavir, Half-life: 5–7 hours
inducers, gemfibrozil, grapefruit juice, letermovir,
safinamide, saquinavir, sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/ Clinically important, potentially hazardous
paclitaxel, rifampin, teriflunomide
voxilaprevir, tipranavir, trabectedin, vitamin K interactions with: antipsychotics,
Pregnancy category: C antagonists, warfarin
Important contra-indications noted in the levomepromazine, memantine, methyldopa,
Pregnancy category: X metoclopramide, risperidone, zuclopenthixol
Note: Thiazolidinediones, including rosiglitazone, Pregnancy category: C
cause or exacerbate congestive heart failure in
some patients. prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Contra-indicated in patients with established Skin pediatric patients
NYHA Class III or IV heart failure. Avandaryl is Peripheral edema (>2%) Note: Neupro contains sodium metabisulfite
rosiglitazone and glimepiride; Avandamet is Rash (>2%) which is capable of causing anaphylactoid
rosiglitazone and metformin. Central Nervous System reactions in patients with sulfite allergy.
Warning: CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE Depression (>2%)
Headache (6%) Skin
Skin Insomnia [2] Diaphoresis (4%)
Edema (5%) [12] Pain (>2%) Erythema (2%)
Peripheral edema [11] Paresthesias (>2%) Peripheral edema (7%) [3]
Vertigo (dizziness) (4%) [3] Rash (2%) [3]
Cardiovascular
Cardiac failure [13] Neuromuscular/Skeletal Mucosal
Congestive heart failure [2] Arthralgia (>2%) Xerostomia (3%) [3]
Myocardial infarction [9] Asthenia (fatigue) (3%) [2] Cardiovascular
Myocardial ischemia [3] Back pain (3%) Chest pain (>2%)
Myalgia/Myopathy (3%) [19] Hypertension (3%)
Central Nervous System Rhabdomyolysis [18]
Headache (6%) Hypotension [2]
Stroke [2] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Central Nervous System
Abdominal pain (>2%) Abnormal dreams (3%)
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Constipation (2%)
Arthralgia (5%) Anorexia (3%)
Hepatitis [2] Anxiety (>2%)
Back pain (4%) Hepatotoxicity [5]
Fractures [5] Depression (>2%)
Nausea (3%) Dyskinesia [4]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Respiratory Gait instability [2]
Hepatotoxicity [9] Cough (>2%) Hallucinations (2%) [3]
Nausea [2] Flu-like syndrome (2%) Headache (14%) [8]
Respiratory Rhinitis (2%) Impulse control disorder [4]
Dyspnea [2] Sinusitis (2%) Insomnia (10%) [3]
ROTIGOTINE Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Somnolence (drowsiness) (25%) [16] Neuromuscular/Skeletal Pruritus [3]

Tremor (>2%) [2] Asthenia (fatigue) (77%) [6] Urticaria [5]
Vertigo (dizziness) (3–18%) [7] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Abdominal pain (32%) [3]
Arthralgia (4%) Constipation (40%) [3] SACUBITRIL/
Asthenia (fatigue) (8%) [10] Diarrhea (34%) [3]
Back pain (6%) Nausea (77%) [6] VALSARTAN
Myalgia/Myopathy (2%) Vomiting (46%) [5]
Trade name: Entresto (Novartis)
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Respiratory Indications: To reduce risk of cardiovascular
Abdominal pain (>2%) Dyspnea (21%) [2] death and hospitalization for heart failure in
Constipation (5%) Endocrine/Metabolic chronic heart failure
Diarrhea (>2%) ALT increased (74%) [4] Class: Angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor
Dyspepsia (4%) Appetite decreased (39%) [2] (ARNI)
Gastrointestinal disorder [2] AST increased (73%) [5] Half-life: <12 hours
Nausea (38%) [24] Hypercholesterolemia (40%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Vomiting (13%) [6] Serum creatinine increased (92%) interactions with: ACE inhibitors, aliskiren,
Respiratory Hematologic lithium, NSAIDs, potassium-sparing diuretics
Cough (>2%) Anemia (44%) [8] Pregnancy category: N/A (Can cause fetal
Flu-like syndrome (>2%) Lymphopenia (45%) harm)
Rhinitis (>2%) Neutropenia (15%) [3] Important contra-indications noted in the
Sinusitis (3%) Thrombocytopenia (21%) [3] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Upper respiratory tract infection (>2%) pediatric patients
Genitourinary Note: Contra-indicated in patients with a history
Urinary frequency (>2%) of angioedema related to previous therapy with
RUE angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or
angiotensin II receptor blocker. See also separate
Ocular Family: Rutaceae profile for valsartan.
Abnormal vision (3%) Scientific names: Ruta chalepensis, Ruta corsica, Warning: FETAL TOXICITY
Hallucinations, visual (2%) [2] Ruta graveolens, Ruta montana
Visual disturbances (3%) Indications: Hysteria, coughs, croup, colic,
flatulence, mild stomachic, insomnia, abdominal Skin
Local Angioedema (<2%) [2]
Application-site erythema [4] cramps, nervous headache, giddiness, hysteria,
palpitation, abortifacient, cysticide, vermifuge, Peripheral edema [2]
Application-site pruritus [4]
Application-site reactions (37%) [31] insecticide. Topical: irritant, rubefacient for Cardiovascular
eczemas, psoriasis and rheumatic pain, sciatica, Hypotension (18%) [4]
Other headache, chronic bronchitis. Flavoring in Orthostatic hypotension (2%)
Adverse effects [6] alcoholic beverages, salads, meats and cheeses Central Nervous System
Class: Antispasmodic Gait instability (2%)
Half-life: N/A Vertigo (dizziness) (6%) [2]
RUCAPARIB Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Trade name: Rubraca (Clovis) Pregnancy category: N/A Arthralgia [2]
Indications: Advanced BRCA-mutated ovarian Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
cancer Skin Constipation [2]
Class: Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) Bullous dermatitis [2] Respiratory
inhibitor Erythema [2] Cough (9%) [4]
Half-life: 17 hours Photosensitivity [11] Nasopharyngitis [2]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Vesiculation [2]
interactions with: none known Endocrine/Metabolic
Pregnancy category: N/A (Can cause fetal Hyperkalemia (12%) [4]
harm) Serum creatinine increased [2]
Important contra-indications noted in the SACCHARIN Renal
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Nephrotoxicity [3]
pediatric patients Indications: Sugar substitute
Renal failure (5%)
Class: Sweetening agent
Half-life: N/A Other
Skin Clinically important, potentially hazardous Adverse effects [3]
Dermatitis (13%) interactions with: none known
Erythema (13%) Pregnancy category: N/A
Exanthems (13%)
Hand–foot syndrome (2%)
Note: Saccharin is a sulfonamide and can be SAFINAMIDE
absorbed systemically. Sulfonamides can produce
Photosensitivity (10%) severe, possibly fatal, reactions such as toxic Trade name: Xadago (Newron)
Pruritus (9%) epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson Indications: Adjunctive treatment to levodopa/
Rash (13%) syndrome. carbidopa in patients with Parkinson’s disease
Central Nervous System experiencing ’off’ episodes
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (39%) [3] Skin Class: Monoamine oxidase B inhibitor
Fever (11%) Dermatitis [3] Half-life: 20–26 hours
Headache [2] Exanthems [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Vertigo (dizziness) (17%) Photosensitivity [3] interactions with: cyclobenzaprine,
dextromethorphan, dopaminergic antagonists,
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual SAW PALMETTO
imatinib, irinotecan, isoniazid, lapatinib, linezolid, Skin Mucosal

meperidine, methadone, methylphenidate, Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis Cheilitis (<2%)
metoclopramide, mitoxantrone, other MAO (<10%) Gingivitis (<2%)
inhibitors, propoxyphene, rosuvastatin, Rash (<10%) Glossitis (<2%)
serotonergic drugs, St John’s wort, sulfasalazine, Oral ulceration (2%)
sympathomimetics, topotecan, tramadol, tricyclic Stomatitis (<2%)
or tetracyclic antidepressants
SAQUINAVIR Xerostomia (<2%)
Cardiovascular
Important contra-indications noted in the Trade name: Invirase (Roche) QT prolongation [3]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Indications: Advanced HIV infection
pediatric patients Central Nervous System
Class: Antiretroviral, CYP3A4 inhibitor, HIV-1 Dysesthesia (<2%)
protease inhibitor Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (<2%)
Skin Half-life: 12 hours Hyperesthesia (<2%)
Peripheral edema [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous Paresthesias (3%)
Cardiovascular interactions with: abiraterone, afatinib,
alprazolam, amitriptyline, amprenavir, astemizole, Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Hypertension [3] Hepatotoxicity [2]
Orthostatic hypotension (2%) atazanavir, atorvastatin, avanafil, brigatinib,
cabazitaxel, cabozantinib, calcifediol, clindamycin, Endocrine/Metabolic
Central Nervous System clozapine, copanlisib, crizotinib, darifenacin, Gynecomastia [2]
Anxiety (2%) darunavir, dasatinib, delavirdine,
Dyskinesia (17–21%) [5] dihydroergotamine, dronedarone, efavirenz,
Fever [3] elbasvir & grazoprevir, eluxadoline, eplerenone,
Gait instability (4–6%) [2] ergot derivatives, everolimus, fentanyl,
SARSAPARILLA
Headache [3] fesoterodine, flibanserin, fluticasone propionate,
Insomnia (<4%) [2] Family: Smilacaceae
itraconazole, ixabepilone, ketoconazole, lapatinib, Scientific names: Smilax aristolochiaefolia, Smilax
Parkinsonism (exacerbation) [2] levomepromazine, lomitapide, lopinavir,
Tremor [2] febrifuga, Smilax glabra, Smilax japicanga, Smilax
maraviroc, methysergide, midazolam, officinalis, Smilax ornata, Smilax regelii, Smilax
Vertigo (dizziness) [2] midostaurin, mifepristone, naldemedine, rotundifolia
Neuromuscular/Skeletal nelfinavir, neratinib, olaparib, omeprazole, Indications: Blood purifier, general tonic, gout,
Asthenia (fatigue) [2] paclitaxel, palbociclib, pantoprazole, pazopanib, syphilis, gonorrhea, rheumatism, wounds,
Back pain [3] pentamidine, phenytoin, pimozide, ponatinib, arthritis, fever, cough, scrofula, hypertension,
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic quinine, ribociclib, rifampin, rilpivirine, ritonavir, digestive disorders, psoriasis, skin diseases,
Abdominal pain [2] rivaroxaban, romidepsin, rosuvastatin, ruxolitinib, cancer
Constipation [2] sildenafil, simeprevir, simvastatin, solifenacin, Class: Anti-inflammatory, Immunomodulator
Dyspepsia (<2%) sonidegib, St John’s wort, sunitinib, tadalafil, Half-life: N/A
Nausea (3–6%) [2] telithromycin, temsirolimus, ticagrelor, tipranavir, Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Vomiting [2] tolvaptan, vardenafil, vemurafenib, vorapaxar, interactions with: none known
voriconazole Pregnancy category: N/A
Respiratory Pregnancy category: B
Cough (2%) [2] Note: Sarsaparilla vine should not be confused
Important contra-indications noted in the with sasparilla and sassafras (the root and bark of
Nasopharyngitis [2] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers which were once used to flavor root beer).
Endocrine/Metabolic Note: Protease inhibitors cause dyslipidemia Sarsaparilla is only used in root beer and other
ALT increased (3–7%) which includes elevated triglycerides and beverages for its foaming properties.
AST increased (6–7%) cholesterol and redistribution of body fat centrally
Weight loss [2] to produce the so-called ‘protease paunch’,
Ocular breast enlargement, facial atrophy, and ‘buffalo
Cataract [3] hump’. SAW PALMETTO
Vision blurred [2] Family: Arecaceae; Palmae
Skin Scientific names: Sabal serrulata, Serenoa repens,
Acneform eruption (<2%) Serenoa serrulata
Candidiasis (<2%)
SALSALATE Dermatitis (<2%)
Indications: Benign prostatic hyperplasia,
diuretic, sedative, prostate cancer (with other
Trade name: Mono-Gesic (Schwarz) Diaphoresis (<2%) herbs), aphrodisiac, hair growth, colds, coughs,
Indications: Arthritis Eczema (<2%) sore throat, asthma, chronic bronchitis, migraine
Class: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID), Erythema (<2%) Class: 5-alpha reductase inhibitor, Anti-
Salicylate Exanthems (<2%) inflammatory, Hormone modulator
Half-life: 7–8 hours Folliculitis (<2%) Half-life: N/A
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Herpes simplex (<2%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
interactions with: dichlorphenamide, Herpes zoster (<2%) interactions with: none known
methotrexate Photosensitivity (<2%) Pregnancy category: N/A
Pregnancy category: C Pigmentation (<2%)
Important contra-indications noted in the Seborrheic dermatitis (<2%)
Ulcerations (<2%) Central Nervous System
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Headache [2]
pediatric patients Urticaria (<2%)
Note: NSAIDs may cause an increased risk of Verrucae (<2%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal
serious cardiovascular and gastrointestinal Xerosis (<2%) Asthenia (fatigue) [2]
adverse events, which can be fatal. This risk may Hair Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
increase with duration of use. Hair changes (<2%) Abdominal pain [3]
Diarrhea [2]
Hepatotoxicity [2]
SAW PALMETTO See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Nausea [3] Cardiovascular

Pancreatitis [2] SEBELIPASE ALFA Cardiac disorder [2]
Vomiting [2] Hypertension [3]
Trade name: Kanuma (Alexion)
Respiratory Indications: Lysosomal acid lipase deficiency Central Nervous System
Rhinitis [2] Class: Enzyme replacement Headache [15]
Other Half-life: 5–7 minutes Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Adverse effects [10] Clinically important, potentially hazardous Arthralgia [4]
interactions with: none known Back pain [2]
Pregnancy category: N/A (No available data) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
SAXAGLIPTIN Important contra-indications noted in the
Colitis [3]
Crohn’s disease [3]
Trade names: Onglyza (Bristol-Myers Squibb), Diarrhea (3–4%) [7]
Qtern (AstraZeneca) Skin Respiratory
Indications: Type II diabetes mellitus Hypersensitivity (20%) Nasopharyngitis (11–12%) [22]
Class: Antidiabetic, Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP- Urticaria (33%) Upper respiratory tract infection (3%) [14]
4) inhibitor Mucosal
Half-life: 2.5–3.1 hours Hematologic
Oropharyngeal pain (17%) Neutropenia [6]
interactions with: ACE inhibitors, alcohol, Cardiovascular Local
aprepitant, beta blockers, bexarotene, colchicine, Chest pain (<8%) Injection-site reactions [3]
conivaptan, corticosteroids, CYP3A4 inducers, Tachycardia (<30%)
Other
darunavir, dasatinib, delavirdine, diazoxide, Central Nervous System Adverse effects [5]
diuretics, efavirenz, estradiol, estrogens, Anxiety (<8%) Infection (29%) [15]
hypoglycemic agents, indinavir, ketoconazole, Fever (25–56%)
lapatinib, MAO inhibitors, oxcarbazepine, P- Headache (28%)
glycoprotein inhibitors and inducers,
Neuromuscular/Skeletal SEGESTERONE
pegvisomant, pioglitazone, rifapentine,
somatropin, strong CYP3A4/5 inhibitors,
telithromycin, terbinafine, testosterone,
Hypotonia (<30%) ACETATE *
voriconazole Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Pregnancy category: B Constipation (8%) Synonym: Ethinyl Estradiol
Important contra-indications noted in the Diarrhea (67%) Trade name: Annovera (The Population Council
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Nausea (8%) Inc)
pediatric patients Vomiting (67%) Indications: indicated for use by females of
Note: Qtern is saxagliptin and dapagliflozin. reproductive potential to prevent pregnancy
Respiratory Class: Progestin/estrogen CHC
Cough (33%)
Skin Nasopharyngitis (11–33%)
Hypersensitivity (<2%) Rhinitis (56%)
Peripheral edema (2–3%) Hematologic Pregnancy category: N/A (no increased risk of
Cardiovascular Anemia (44%) genital or nongenital birth defects.)
Cardiac disorder [2] Other Warning: CIGARETTE SMOKING AND
Cardiac failure [2] Sneezing (<30%) SERIOUS CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS
Headache (7%) [7] SECUKINUMAB Headache (39%) [4]
Pain (breast) (10%)
Stroke [2]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Trade name: Cosentyx (Novartis) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Abdominal pain (2%) Indications: Moderate-to-severe plaque Abdominal pain (13%)
Diarrhea [5] psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis Diarrhea (7%)
Gastroenteritis (2%) Class: Interleukin-17A (IL-17A) antagonist, Nausea (25%) [3]
Vomiting (2%) Monoclonal antibody Vomiting (25%)
Nasopharyngitis [4] Menstrual irregularities (8%)
interactions with: live vaccines
Sinusitis (3%) [2] Pregnancy category: B Genitourinary
Upper respiratory tract infection (8%) [8] Important contra-indications noted in the Cystitis (10%)
Endocrine/Metabolic prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Dysmenorrhea (13%)
Hypoglycemia [10] pediatric patients Genital pruritus (6%)
Genitourinary Note: Use with caution in patients with Metrorrhagia (8%)
Urinary tract infection (7%) [7] inflammatory bowel disease. Urinary tract infection (10%)
Vaginal discharge (12%)
Other Vulvovaginal candidiasis (15%)
Adverse effects [7] Skin
Vulvovaginalmycotic infection (15%)
Death [2] Candidiasis [7]
Infection [2] Malignancies [2] Renal
Neoplasms [2] Pyelonephritis (10%)
Pruritus [4] Other
Psoriasis (exacerbation) [2] Adverse effects [3]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual SERTRALINE
Nausea (33%) [5] Hair

SELEGILINE Vomiting (18%) Alopecia [3]
Synonyms: deprenyl; L-deprenyl Endocrine/Metabolic Mucosal
Trade names: Eldepryl (Somerset), Emsam Appetite decreased (6%) Xerostomia (16%) [7]
(Mylan Specialty), Zelapar (Valeant) Hematologic Cardiovascular
Indications: Parkinsonism Anemia (8%) Chest pain (<10%)
Class: Antidepressant, Monoamine oxidase B Palpitation (<10%)
inhibitor QT prolongation [3]
SENNA Torsades de pointes [2]
interactions with: amitriptyline, carbidopa, Family: Caesalpiniaceae; Fabaceae Akathisia [6]
citalopram, doxepin, ephedra, ephedrine, Scientific names: Cassia acutifolia, Cassia Anxiety (<10%)
escitalopram, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, levodopa, angustifolia, Cassia obtusifloia, Cassia senna, Cassia Coma [2]
meperidine, methadone, moclobemide, tora, Senna alexandrina, Senna obtusifolia, Senna Headache (>10%)
naratriptan, nefazodone, oral contraceptives, tora Hypoesthesia (5%)
oxcarbazepine, paroxetine hydrochloride, Indications: Laxative, cathartic, cholagogue, Insomnia (>10%)
propoxyphene, sertraline, tramadol, valbenazine, purgative Mania [4]
venlafaxine Class: Stimulant laxative Pain (<10%)
Pregnancy category: C Half-life: N/A Paresthesias (<10%)
Important contra-indications noted in the Clinically important, potentially hazardous Restless legs syndrome [3]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; interactions with: squill Seizures [2]
pediatric patients Note: Part used: Leaves and/or seed pods. Serotonin syndrome [10]
Warning: SUICIDALITY IN CHILDREN AND Prolonged or excessive laxative use can lead to Somnolence (drowsiness) (>10%)
ADOLESCENTS electrolyte and fluid disturbances, development of Tremor (<10%) [3]
carthartic colon, and possible increased risk of Vertigo (dizziness) (>10%) [3]
Mucosal colorectal cancer. Treatment should be limited to Yawning (<10%)
Xerostomia (>10%) [2] 8 to 10 days. Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Cardiovascular Asthenia (fatigue) (>10%)
Hypertension [2] Skin Back pain (<10%)
Central Nervous System AGEP [2] Rhabdomyolysis [2]
Hallucinations [2] Neuromuscular/Skeletal Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Headache [2] Arthralgia (from abuse) [2] Constipation (<10%)
Serotonin syndrome [2] Finger clubbing (from abuse) (reversible) [3] Diarrhea (>10%) [3]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Hepatotoxicity [5]
Nausea [2] Hepatotoxicity [2] Nausea (10%) [3]
Vomiting (>10%)
Local Other
Application-site reactions [5] Adverse effects [4] Respiratory
Eosinophilic pneumonia [2]
Other Rhinitis (<10%)
Bruxism (<10%)
SERTRALINE Endocrine/Metabolic
Galactorrhea [4]
Trade name: Zoloft (Pfizer) Gynecomastia [2]
SELEXIPAG Indications: Depression, panic disorders, Hyponatremia [4]
obsessive compulsive disorders Libido decreased (>10%)
Trade name: Uptravi (Actelion) SIADH [14]
Indications: Pulmonary arterial hypertension Class: Antidepressant, Selective serotonin
reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) Weight gain (<10%)
Class: Prostacyclin receptor agonist
Half-life: <3 hours Half-life: 24–26 hours Genitourinary
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Clinically important, potentially hazardous Impotence (<10%)
interactions with: gemfibrozil, strong CYP2C8 interactions with: amphetamines, astemizole, Priapism [5]
inhibitors clarithromycin, clozapine, darunavir, Sexual dysfunction (10%) [5]
dextroamphetamine, diethylpropion, droperidol,
Pregnancy category: N/A (No data available) Otic
Important contra-indications noted in the efavirenz, erythromycin, isocarboxazid, linezolid,
Tinnitus (<10%)
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers MAO inhibitors, mazindol, methamphetamine,
metoclopramide, phendimetrazine, phenelzine, Ocular
phentermine, phenylpropanolamine, pimozide, Abnormal vision (<10%)
Skin pseudoephedrine, selegiline, sibutramine, St Hallucinations, visual [3]
Flushing (12%) John’s wort, sumatriptan, sympathomimetics, Other
Rash (11%) tranylcypromine, trazodone, troleandomycin, Adverse effects [5]
Central Nervous System zolmitriptan Allergic reactions [2]
Headache (65%) [7] Pregnancy category: C Bruxism [3]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Death [5]
Arthralgia (11%) Skin
Jaw pain (26%) [5] Angioedema [3]
Myalgia/Myopathy (16%) Diaphoresis (8%) [6]
Pain in extremities (17%) Flushing (2%)
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Rash (<10%)
Diarrhea (42%) [3]
SIBERIAN GINSENG Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Mucosal Respiratory
SIBERIAN GINSENG Epistaxis (nosebleed) (9–13%) [2] Asthma (<2%)
Gingivitis (<2%) Bronchitis (<2%)
Family: Araliaceae Glossitis (<2%) Cough (<2%)
Scientific names: Acanthopanax senticosus, Nasal congestion [7] Dyspnea (7%) [4]
Eleutherococcus senticosus Rectal hemorrhage (<2%) Hemoptysis [2]
Indications: Alzheimer’s disease, anaphylaxis, Stomatitis (<2%) Hypoxia [3]
arthritis, colds, depression, fatigue, flu, Xerostomia (<2%) Laryngitis (<2%)
impotence, infertility, menopause, multiple Pharyngitis (<2%)
sclerosis, osteoporosis, perimenopause, PMS, Cardiovascular
Angina (<2%) Pneumonia [2]
stress Respiratory failure [3]
Class: Immunomodulator Atrial fibrillation [2]
Atrioventricular block (<2%) Rhinitis (4%) [6]
Half-life: N/A Sinusitis (<2%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Cardiac arrest (<2%) [2]
Cardiac failure (<2%) Stridor [2]
interactions with: antihypertensives Upper respiratory tract infection [2]
Pregnancy category: N/A Cardiomyopathy (<2%)
Note: Eleutherococcus may prevent Chest pain (<2%) [2] Endocrine/Metabolic
biotransformation of some drugs to less toxic Congestive heart failure [2] Gynecomastia (<2%)
compounds. Hypotension (<2%) [5] Hyperglycemia (<2%)
Myocardial infarction [4] Hypernatremia (<2%)
Myocardial ischemia (<2%) Hyperuricemia (<2%)
Palpitation (<2%) Genitourinary
SILDENAFIL Postural hypotension (<2%) Cystitis (<2%)
Tachycardia (<2%) Ejaculatory dysfunction (<2%)
Trade names: Revatio (Pfizer), Viagra (Pfizer) Vasodilation [3]
Indications: Erectile dysfunction, hypertension Nocturia (<2%)
Ventricular arrhythmia [2] Priapism [6]
Class: Phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitor
Half-life: 4 hours Central Nervous System Urinary frequency (<2%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Abnormal dreams (<2%) Urinary incontinence (<2%)
interactions with: alfuzosin, alpha blockers, Amnesia [3] Urinary tract infection (3%)
amlodipine, amprenavir, amyl nitrite, antifungals, Anorgasmia (<2%) Hematologic
antihypertensives, atazanavir, boceprevir, Chills (<2%) Anemia (<2%)
bosentan, cimetidine, clarithromycin, cobicistat/ Depression (<2%) Leukopenia (<2%)
elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide, Fever (6%)
Headache (16–46%) [40] Otic
cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir Ear pain (<2%)
disoproxil, conivaptan, CYP3A4 inhibitors and Hyperesthesia (<2%)
Insomnia (7%) Hearing loss (<2%) [4]
inducers, darunavir, dasabuvir/ombitasvir/ Tinnitus (<2%) [2]
paritaprevir/ritonavir, dasatinib, deferasirox, Migraine (<2%)
delavirdine, disopyramide, erythromycin, Neurotoxicity (<2%) Ocular
etravirine, fosamprenavir, grapefruit juice, high-fat Pain (<2%) Abnormal vision [3]
foods, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, indinavir, Paresthesias (3%) Cataract (<2%)
isosorbide, isosorbide dinitrate, isosorbide Seizures [3] Conjunctivitis (<2%)
mononitrate, itraconazole, ketoconazole, Somnolence (drowsiness) (<2%) Dyschromatopsia (blue-green vision) (3–
lopinavir, macrolide antibiotics, nelfinavir, Stroke [2] 11%) [5]
nicorandil, nitrates, nitroglycerin, ombitasvir/ Subarachnoid hemorrhage [2] Mydriasis (<2%)
paritaprevir/ritonavir, other phosphodiesterase 5 Syncope (<2%) Ocular hemorrhage (<2%)
inhibitors, paclitaxel, PEG-interferon, riociguat, Tremor (<2%) Ocular pain (<2%)
ritonavir, sapropterin, saquinavir, St John’s wort, Vertigo (dizziness) (2%) [7] Ocular pigmentation (<2%)
telaprevir, telithromycin, tipranavir Neuromuscular/Skeletal Optic neuropathy [18]
Pregnancy category: B Arthralgia (<2%) Photophobia (<2%)
Important contra-indications noted in the Asthenia (fatigue) (<2%) [2] Retinal vein occlusion [2]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Ataxia (<2%) Vision blurred [4]
pediatric patients Back pain [3] Visual disturbances [5]
Bone or joint pain (<2%) Xerophthalmia (<2%)
Skin Gouty tophi (<2%) Other
Dermatitis (<2%) Hypertonia (<2%) Adverse effects [6]
Diaphoresis (<2%) Myalgia/Myopathy (7%) [4] Allergic reactions (<2%)
Edema (<2%) Tendinopathy/Tendon rupture (<2%) Death [3]
Erythema (6%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Dipsia (thirst) (<2%)
Exfoliative dermatitis (<2%) Abdominal pain (<2%) [3]
Facial edema (<2%) Colitis (<2%)
Flushing (10–25%) [34] Diarrhea (3–9%) [4] SILODOSIN
Genital edema (<2%) Dyspepsia (7–17%) [15]
Herpes simplex (<2%) Dysphagia (<2%) Trade names: Rapaflo (Watson), Urief (Kissei)
Lichenoid eruption [2] Esophagitis (<2%) Indications: Benign prostatic hyperplasia
Peripheral edema (<2%) Gastritis (<2%) Class: Adrenergic alpha-receptor antagonist
Photosensitivity (<2%) Gastroenteritis (<2%) Half-life: 4.7–6 hours
Pruritus (<2%) Hepatotoxicity [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Rash (2%) Nausea [4] interactions with: alpha blockers,
Ulcerations (<2%) Vomiting (<2%) antihypertensives, atorvastatin, clarithromycin,
Urticaria (<2%) conivaptan, cyclosporine, darunavir, delavirdine,
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual SIROLIMUS
diltiazem, erythromycin, indinavir, itraconazole, Warning: RISK OF HEPATITIS B VIRUS Eczema (5%) [4]
ketoconazole, lapatinib, ritonavir, stong CYP3A4 REACTIVATION IN PATIENTS COINFECTED Edema (3%)
inhibitors, telithromycin, vasodilators, verapamil, WITH HCV AND HBV Eosinophilic fasciitis [2]
voriconazole Erythema multiforme [2]
Pregnancy category: B (Not indicated for use in Skin Lichen planus pemphigoides [2]
women) Photosensitivity (28%) [5] Lupus erythematosus [5]
Important contra-indications noted in the Pruritus (22%) [8] Peripheral edema [2]
prescribing guidelines for: pediatric patients Rash (28%) [10] Photosensitivity [7]
Note: Contra-indicated in patients with severe Pruritus [3]
hepatic or renal impairment. Central Nervous System Purpura [3]
Fever [2] Rash (<10%) [4]
Headache [13] Vasculitis [2]
Mucosal Insomnia [3]
Nasal congestion (2%) [3] Mucosal
Rhinorrhea (<2%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal Stomatitis [2]
Cardiovascular Myalgia/Myopathy (16%) Cardiovascular
Orthostatic hypotension (3%) [9] Atrial fibrillation (6%)
Postural hypotension [2] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Nausea (22%) [9] Central Nervous System
Central Nervous System Vomiting [2] Cognitive impairment [3]
Headache (2%) [3] Headache (3–7%)
Insomnia (<2%) Respiratory Memory loss [2]
Vertigo (dizziness) (3%) [8] Dyspnea (12%) Vertigo (dizziness) (5%)
Flu-like syndrome [3]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Asthenia (fatigue) (<2%) Endocrine/Metabolic Asthenia (fatigue) (9%) [3]
Hyperbilirubinemia [9] Compartment syndrome [2]
Abdominal pain (<2%) Hematologic Myalgia/Myopathy (<10%) [37]
Diarrhea (3%) [2] Anemia [11] Rhabdomyolysis [88]
Neutropenia [3] Tendinopathy/Tendon rupture [3]
Respiratory
Nasopharyngitis (2%) Other Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Sinusitis (<2%) Adverse effects [7] Abdominal pain (7%)
Constipation (2–7%)
Genitourinary Diarrhea [5]
Ejaculatory dysfunction (25%) [29] Gastritis (5%)
Retrograde ejaculation (28%) [5] SIMVASTATIN Hepatitis [4]
Other Trade names: Inegy (MSD), Simcor (AbbVie), Hepatotoxicity [7]
Adverse effects [2] Vytorin (MSD), Zocor (Merck) Nausea (5%)
Dipsia (thirst) (7%) [2] Indications: Hypercholesterolemia Pancreatitis [7]
Class: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, Statin Respiratory
Half-life: 1.9 hours Bronchitis (7%)
SIMEPREVIR Clinically important, potentially hazardous Upper respiratory tract infection (9%)
interactions with: alitretinoin, amiodarone, Endocrine/Metabolic
Trade name: Olysio (Janssen) amlodipine, amprenavir, atazanavir, azithromycin, Creatine phosphokinase increased [2]
Indications: Hepatitis C boceprevir, bosentan, carbamazepine, Diabetes mellitus [4]
Class: Direct-acting antiviral, Hepatitis C virus ciprofibrate, clarithromycin, clopidogrel,
NS3/4A protease inhibitor colchicine, conivaptan, coumarins, cyclosporine, Renal
Half-life: 10–13 hours danazol, darunavir, dasabuvir/ombitasvir/ Nephrotoxicity [2]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous paritaprevir/ritonavir, dasatinib, delavirdine, Renal failure [9]
interactions with: atazanavir, carbamazepine, diltiazem, dronedarone, efavirenz, elbasvir & Hematologic
cisapride, clarithromycin, cobicistat/elvitegravir/ grazoprevir, erythromycin, fosamprenavir, fusidic Leukopenia [2]
emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil, darunavir, acid, gemfibrozil, glecaprevir & pibrentasvir, Other
delavirdine, dexamethasone, efavirenz, grapefruit juice, HIV protease inhibitors, imatinib, Adverse effects [9]
erythromycin, etravirine, fluconazole, imidazoles, indinavir, itraconazole, ketoconazole, Death [5]
fosamprenavir, indinavir, itraconazole, letermovir, lomitapide, lopinavir, miconazole,
ketoconazole, ledipasvir & sofosbuvir, lopinavir, mifepristone, nefazodone, nelfinavir, ombitasvir/
milk thistle, nelfinavir, nevirapine, oxcarbazepine, paritaprevir/ritonavir, paclitaxel, pazopanib,
phenobarbital, phenytoin, posaconazole, rifabutin, posaconazole, rabeprazole, ranolazine, red rice SIROLIMUS
rifampin, rifapentine, ritonavir, saquinavir, St yeast, rifampin, ritonavir, roxithromycin,
John’s wort, telithromycin, tipranavir, saquinavir, selenium, St John’s wort, tacrolimus, Synonym: rapamycin
voriconazole telaprevir, telithromycin, ticagrelor, tipranavir, Trade name: Rapamune (Wyeth)
Pregnancy category: X (simeprevir is triazoles, verapamil, voriconazole, warfarin Indications: Prophylaxis of organ rejection in
pregnancy category C but must not be used in Pregnancy category: X renal transplants, lymphangioleiomyomatosis
monotherapy) Important contra-indications noted in the Class: Immunosuppressant, Macrolactam, Non-
Important contra-indications noted in the prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; calcineurin inhibitor
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; pediatric patients Half-life: 62 hours
pediatric patients Note: Simcor is simvastatin and niacin; Vytorin is Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Note: Must be used in combination with PEG- simvastatin and ezetimibe. interactions with: atazanavir, benazepril,
interferon and ribavirin (see separate entries). boceprevir, captopril, ceritinib, cobicistat/
Skin crizotinib, cyclosporine, darunavir, dasatinib,
Dermatomyositis [5] delavirdine, dronedarone, efavirenz, eluxadoline,
SIROLIMUS See all our books at www.crcpress.com
enalapril, enzalutamide, fosinopril, Hemophilus B Pneumonitis [7] Nausea [11]

vaccine, indinavir, itraconazole, letermovir, Pulmonary toxicity [3] Pancreatitis [9]
lisinopril, lopinavir, micafungin, mifepristone, Upper respiratory tract infection (20–26%) Vomiting [6]
posaconazole, quinapril, ramipril, ribociclib, St [2] Respiratory
John’s wort, tacrolimus, telaprevir, telithromycin, Endocrine/Metabolic Nasopharyngitis [5]
tipranavir, venetoclax, voriconazole, zotarolimus Hypercholesterolemia [2] Upper respiratory tract infection [2]
Pregnancy category: C Hyperlipidemia [2]
Important contra-indications noted in the Endocrine/Metabolic
Hypertriglyceridemia [2] Creatine phosphokinase increased [2]
mothers; pediatric patients Renal Hypoglycemia [13]
Warning: IMMUNOSUPPRESSION, USE IS Nephrotoxicity [2] Weight gain [4]
NOT RECOMMENDED IN LIVER OR LUNG Proteinuria [5] Weight loss [2]
TRANSPLANT PATIENTS Hematologic Renal
Anemia [4] Renal failure [2]
Skin Dyslipidemia [5] Other
Abscess (3–20%) Hemolytic uremic syndrome [2] Adverse effects [7]
Acneform eruption (20–31%) [9] Leukopenia [2] Cancer [3]
Angioedema [6] Neutropenia [3] Death [2]
Cellulitis (3–20%) Thrombocytopenia [2]
Dermatitis [3] Thrombosis [2]
Diaphoresis (3–20%) Otic SMALLPOX VACCINE
Ecchymoses (3–20%) Tinnitus (3–20%)
Edema (16–24%) [6] Ocular Trade name: Dryvax (Wyeth)
Facial edema (3–20%) [2] Eyelid edema (40%) [2] Indications: Prevention of smallpox (variola)
Folliculitis [3] Class: Vaccine
Fungal dermatitis (3–20%) Local
Application-site pruritus [2] Half-life: ~5 years
Hypertrophy (3–20%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Lymphedema [2] Other interactions with: corticosteroids
Peripheral edema (54–64%) [3] Adverse effects [5] Pregnancy category: C
Pruritus (3–20%) Death [3]
Purpura (3–20%) Infection [5]
Rash (10–20%) [5] Skin
Toxicity [3] Basal cell carcinoma [4]
Ulcerations (3–20%) Bullous dermatitis [2]
Vasculitis [2]
SITAGLIPTIN Carcinoma [2]
Dermatitis [2]
Hair Trade names: Janumet (Merck Sharpe & Eczema vaccinatum [13]
Hirsutism (3–20%) Dohme), Januvia (Merck Sharpe & Dohme) Erythema multiforme [8]
Nails Indications: Type II diabetes mellitus Exanthems [7]
Onychopathy [2] Class: Antidiabetic, Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP- Folliculitis [2]
4) inhibitor Herpes simplex [2]
Mucosal Half-life: 12 hours
Aphthous stomatitis (9%) [8] Herpes zoster [2]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Melanoma [2]
Gingival hyperplasia/hypertrophy (3–20%) interactions with: alcohol, anabolic steroids,
[2] Papulovesicular eruption [2]
beta blockers, corticosteroids, diazoxide, digoxin, Photosensitivity [2]
Gingivitis (3–20%) estrogens, loop diuretics, MAO inhibitors,
Mucositis [2] Purpura [11]
progestogens, testosterone, thiazides Rash [3]
Oral candidiasis (3–20%) Pregnancy category: B
Oral ulceration (3–20%) [8] Scar [2]
Important contra-indications noted in the Stevens-Johnson syndrome [3]
Stomatitis (3–20%) [7] prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Toxic epidermal necrolysis [5]
Cardiovascular mothers; pediatric patients Tumors [3]
Thrombophlebitis (3–20%) Note: Janumet is sitagliptin and metformin. Urticaria [5]
Central Nervous System Vaccinia [25]
Chills (3–20%) Skin Vaccinia gangrenosum [3]
Depression (3–20%) Angioedema [3] Vaccinia necrosum [6]
Fever [2] Bullous pemphigoid [2] Central Nervous System
Hyperesthesia (3–20%) Edema [3] Headache [2]
Paresthesias (3–20%) Rash [2]
Tremor (21–31%) Other
Central Nervous System Allergic reactions [2]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Headache [6] Death [8]
Arthralgia (25–31%) [3] Stroke [2]
Asthenia (fatigue) [4] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Myalgia/Myopathy [2] Arthralgia [2]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Bone or joint pain [2]
Diarrhea [4] Rhabdomyolysis [4]
Hepatitis [3] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Hepatotoxicity [3] Abdominal pain (2%)
Respiratory Constipation [3]
Cough [2] Diarrhea [9]
Flu-like syndrome (3–20%) Hepatotoxicity [2]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual SONIDEGIB
Respiratory
SODIUM ZIRCONIUM Cough [4] SOLIFENACIN
Dyspnea [3]
CYCLOSILICATE * Flu-like syndrome (3–18%) [4] Trade name: Vesicare (Astellas)
Nasopharyngitis [2] Indications: Overactive bladder
Trade name: Lokelma (AstraZeneca) Class: Antimuscarinic, Muscarinic antagonist
Indications: hyperkalemia Half-life: 45–68 hours
Class: Potassium binder Endocrine/Metabolic Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Appetite decreased (6–18%) interactions with: atazanavir, carbamazepine,
interactions with: none known Renal clarithromycin, indinavir, itraconazole,
Pregnancy category: N/A (maternal use is not Renal failure [2] ketoconazole, nefazodone, nelfinavir,
expected to result in fetal exposure to the drug) phenobarbital, phenytoin, rifabutin, rifampin,
Hematologic
Anemia (6–21%) [37] rifapentine, ritonavir, saquinavir, St John’s wort,
Skin Lymphopenia [2] troleandomycin, voriconazole
Edema (8–11%) [4] Neutropenia (<17%) [5] Pregnancy category: C
Endocrine/Metabolic Other prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Hypokalemia (4%) [3] Adverse effects [8] pediatric patients
Genitourinary Infection [2]
Urinary tract infection [2]
Mucosal
Xerostomia (11–27%) [22]
SOFOSBUVIR & Cardiovascular
SOFOSBUVIR VELPATASVIR QT prolongation [3]
Trade name: Sovaldi (Gilead) Central Nervous System
Indications: Hepatitis C Trade name: Epclusa (Gilead) Vertigo (dizziness) (2%) [3]
Class: Direct-acting antiviral, Hepatitis C virus Indications: Hepatitis C
Class: Direct-acting antiviral, Hepatitis C virus
nucleotide analog NS5B polymerase inhibitor Asthenia (fatigue) (<2%)
Half-life: <27 hours NS5A inhibitor (velpatasvir), Hepatitis C virus
Clinically important, potentially hazardous nucleotide analog NS5B polymerase inhibitor Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
interactions with: carbamazepine, (sofosbuvir) Abdominal pain (2%)
oxcarbazepine, phenobarbital, phenytoin, Half-life: <27 hours (sofosbuvir); 15 hours Constipation [11]
rifabutin, rifampin, rifapentine, ritonavir, St John’s (velpatasvir) Ocular
wort, tipranavir Clinically important, potentially hazardous Vision blurred (4–5%) [5]
Pregnancy category: N/A (May cause fetal interactions with: amiodarone, carbamazepine, Xerophthalmia (2%)
harm) efavirenz, omeprazole, oxcarbazepine,
phenobarbital, phenytoin, rifabutin, rifampin, Other
Important contra-indications noted in the Adverse effects [5]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; rifapentine, St John’s wort, topotecan
pediatric patients Pregnancy category: N/A (Insufficient evidence
Note: Used in combination with daclatasvir, to inform drug-associated risk; contra-indicated in
ledipasvir, ribavirin, velpatasvir or with PEG- pregnancy when given with ribavirin) SONIDEGIB
interferon and ribavirin (see separate entries). Important contra-indications noted in the
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Trade name: Odomzo (Novartis)
pediatric patients Indications: Basal cell carcinoma
Skin Note: See also separate entry for sofosbuvir. Class: Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway inhibitor
Pruritus (11–27%) [13] Half-life: 28 days
Rash (8–18%) [10] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Skin
Cardiovascular Rash (2%) interactions with: atazanavir, carbamazepine,
Bradyarrhythmia [2] diltiazem, efavirenz, fluconazole, itraconazole,
Bradycardia [2] Central Nervous System ketoconazole, modafinil, nefazodone,
Headache (22%) [13] phenobarbital, phenytoin, posaconazole, rifabutin,
Central Nervous System Insomnia (5%) [6] rifampin, saquinavir, St John’s wort, telithromycin,
Chills (2–18%) [2]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal voriconazole
Fever (4–18%) [3]
Arthralgia [2] Pregnancy category: N/A (Can cause fetal
Headache (24–44%) [55]
Asthenia (fatigue) (5–15%) [13] harm)
Insomnia (15–29%) [22]
Irritability (10–16%) [6] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Vertigo (dizziness) [4] Hepatotoxicity (2–6%)
pediatric patients
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Nausea (9%) [11]
Note: Patients should not donate blood or blood
Arthralgia [3] Respiratory products while receiving sonidegib and for at least
Asthenia (fatigue) (30–59%) [53] Nasopharyngitis [4] 20 months after the last dose.
Back pain [2] Endocrine/Metabolic Warning: EMBRYO-FETAL TOXICITY
Myalgia/Myopathy (6–16%) [4] Creatine phosphokinase increased (<2%)
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Hematologic Skin
Abdominal pain [2] Anemia [3] Pruritus (10%)
Diarrhea (9–17%) [7] Lymphopenia [2]
Dyspepsia [2]
Hair
Thrombocytopenia [2] Alopecia (53%) [6]
Hepatotoxicity [2]
Nausea (13–34%) [41] Central Nervous System
Vomiting [4] Anorexia [2]
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (46%) [6]
SONIDEGIB Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Headache (15%) Keratoacanthoma [4] Pulmonary toxicity [2]

Pain (14%) Keratosis pilaris [2] Endocrine/Metabolic
Vertigo (dizziness) [2] Milia [2] ALT increased [11]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Nevi [3] Appetite decreased (<10%) [7]
Asthenia (fatigue) (41%) [5] Palmar–plantar toxicity [2] AST increased [10]
Bone or joint pain (32%) Pigmentation [2] Creatine phosphokinase increased [2]
Muscle spasm (54%) [6] Pruritus (14–19%) [10] Hyperbilirubinemia [5]
Myalgia/Myopathy (19%) [5] Psoriasis [3] Hypoalbuminemia (56%)
Radiation recall dermatitis [3] Hypocalcemia [2]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Rash (19–40%) [54]
Abdominal pain (18%) Hypokalemia [2]
Recall reaction [2] Hyponatremia [2]
Diarrhea (32%) Seborrheic dermatitis [2]
Hepatotoxicity [2] Hypophosphatemia (35–45%) [10]
Squamous cell carcinoma [8] Hypothyroidism [8]
Nausea (39%) [4] Stevens-Johnson syndrome [2]
Vomiting (11%) [3] Thyroid dysfunction [4]
Toxicity [19] Weight loss (10–30%) [13]
Endocrine/Metabolic Xerosis (10–11%) [6]
ALT increased (19%) Genitourinary
Hair Erectile dysfunction (<10%)
Appetite decreased (30%) Alopecia (14–27%) [28]
AST increased (19%) Hair pigmentation [2] Renal
Creatine phosphokinase increased (61%) [8] Nephrotoxicity [2]
Hyperbilirubinemia [2] Nails Proteinuria [4]
Hyperglycemia (51%) Splinter hemorrhage [4] Renal failure (<10%) [3]
Weight loss (30%) [3] Subungual hemorrhage [2]
Hematologic
Hematologic Mucosal Anemia (44%) [10]
Anemia (32%) Epistaxis (nosebleed) [2] Bleeding [3]
Lymphopenia (28%) Glossodynia (<10%) Cytopenia [2]
Mucositis (<10%) [13] Hemorrhage (15–18%) [4]
Stomatitis (<10%) [13] Hemotoxicity [2]
Xerostomia (<10%)
SORAFENIB Cardiovascular
Hyperlipasemia [2]
Leukopenia (>10%) [4]
Trade name: Nexavar (Bayer) Cardiac failure [2] Lymphopenia (23–47%) [5]
Indications: Advanced renal cell carcinoma Cardiotoxicity (3%) [3] Myelosuppression [2]
Class: Antineoplastic, Epidermal growth factor Congestive heart failure (<10%) Neutropenia (<10%) [7]
receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, Tyrosine kinase Hypertension (9–17%) [58] Thrombocytopenia (12–46%) [19]
inhibitor Myocardial infarction (<10%) Thrombosis [2]
Half-life: 25–48 hours Central Nervous System Other
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Anorexia (16–29%) [15] Adverse effects [18]
interactions with: bevacizumab, Depression (<10%) Death [9]
carbamazepine, clozapine, conivaptan, coumarins, Dysgeusia (taste perversion) [2] Infection [2]
CYP3A4 inducers, darunavir, delavirdine, Encephalopathy [2] Side effects (71%) [4]
dexamethasone, digoxin, docetaxel, doxorubicin, Fever (<10%) [7]
efavirenz, indinavir, irinotecan, neomycin, Headache (10%) [5]
oxcarbazepine, phenobarbital, phenytoin,
rifabutin, rifampin, rifapentine, St John’s wort,
Neurotoxicity (2–40%) [4]
Pain (>10%) [4]
SOTALOL
telithromycin, voriconazole, warfarin Neuromuscular/Skeletal Trade name: Betapace (Bayer)
Pregnancy category: D Arthralgia (<10%) Indications: Ventricular arrhythmias
Important contra-indications noted in the Asthenia (fatigue) (37–46%) [57] Class: Antiarrhythmic, Antiarrhythmic class II,
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Back pain [3] Antiarrhythmic class III, Beta adrenergic blocker,
pediatric patients Bone or joint pain (>10%) [3] Beta blocker
Note: In combination with carboplatin and Myalgia/Myopathy (<10%) [2] Half-life: 7–18 hours
paclitaxel, Nexavar is contra-indicated in patients Clinically important, potentially hazardous
with squamous cell lung cancer. Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Abdominal pain (11–31%) [10] interactions with: abarelix, amiodarone,
Ascites [2] amisulpride, amitriptyline, arsenic, artemether/
Skin Constipation (14–15%) [4] lumefantrine, asenapine, astemizole,
Acneform eruption (<10%) [6] Diarrhea (43–55%) [71] atomoxetine, bepridil, ciprofloxacin, class I and
Actinic keratoses [4] Dyspepsia (<10%) class III antiarrhythmics, clonidine, degarelix,
AGEP [2] Dysphagia (<10%) disopyramide, dronedarone, droperidol,
Desquamation (19–40%) [8] Gastrointestinal bleeding [5] enoxacin, gatifloxacin, guanethidine, haloperidol,
Eczema [2] Hepatotoxicity (11%) [25] insulin, isoprenaline, ivabradine,
Edema [3] Nausea (23–24%) [15] levomepromazine, lomefloxacin, loop diuretics,
Erythema (>10%) [4] Pancreatitis [8] mizolastine, moxifloxacin, nilotinib, norfloxacin,
Erythema multiforme [11] Pneumatosis intestinalis [2] ofloxacin, oral macrolides, phenothiazines,
Exanthems [3] Vomiting (15–16%) [9] pimavanserin, pimozide, procainamide, quinidine,
Exfoliative dermatitis (<10%) quinine, quinolones, ranolazine, reserpine,
Facial erythema [3] Respiratory ribociclib, salbutamol, sertindole, sparfloxacin,
Flushing (<10%) Cough (13%) [2] sulpiride, terbutaline, tetrabenazine, thiazides and
Folliculitis [3] Dysphonia [6] related diruetics, tolterodine, tricyclic
Hand–foot syndrome (21–30%) [126] Dyspnea (14%) [4] antidepressants, trifluoperazine, vandetanib,
Hyperkeratosis [4] Flu-like syndrome (<10%) zuclopenthixol
Hypersensitivity [2] Hoarseness (<10%) [2]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual ST JOHN’S WORT
Pregnancy category: B Dermatitis [6] doxycycline, dronedarone, duloxetine, efavirenz,

Important contra-indications noted in the Eczema [2] eliglustat, enzalutamide, eplerenone,
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Exanthems (<5%) [6] escitalopram, estradiol, eszopiclone,
pediatric patients Lichenoid eruption [2] ethosuximide, etoposide, etravirine, everolimus,
Note: Contra-indicated in patients with bronchial Melasma [2] fenfluramine, fesoterodine, fexofenadine,
asthma, sinus bradycardia, second and third Pigmentation [3] flibanserin, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine,
degree AV block, unless a functioning pacemaker Pruritus [3] fosamprenavir, gefitinib, gemifloxacin, ginkgo
is present, congenital or acquired long QT Rash (<10%) [2] biloba, glecaprevir & pibrentasvir,
syndromes, cardiogenic shock, or uncontrolled Urticaria [2] hydromorphone, ibrutinib, idelalisib, imatinib,
congestive heart failure. Xerosis (40%) [2] indinavir, irinotecan, isavuconazonium sulfate,
Hair isotretinoin, ixabepilone, ixazomib, lacosamide,
Skin Alopecia [2] lapatinib, ledipasvir & sofosbuvir, levonorgestrel,
Edema (5%) loperamide, lopinavir, lorcaserin, lumacaftor/
Endocrine/Metabolic ivacaftor, maraviroc, metaxalone, methadone,
Pruritus (<10%) Amenorrhea [2]
Psoriasis [3] midazolam, midostaurin, mifepristone,
Gynecomastia [30] milnacipran, naldemedine, naratriptan,
Rash (3%) Hyperkalemia [9]
Scleroderma [3] nefazodone, nelfinavir, neratinib, nevirapine,
Renal nifedipine, nilotinib, nintedanib, ofloxacin,
Cardiovascular Renal function abnormal [2] olaparib, ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir,
Arrhythmias [2] omeprazole, oral contraceptives, osimertinib,
Atrioventricular block [2] oxcarbazepine, palbociclib, paroxetine
Bradycardia [10] hydrochloride, pazopanib, perampanel,
Cardiac failure [2] SQUILL phenobarbitone, phenprocoumon, phenytoin,
Cardiogenic shock [2] pimavanserin, ponatinib, quinolones, raltegravir,
Cardiotoxicity [3] Family: Liliaceae
Scientific names: Drimia indica, Drimia maritima, ramelteon, regorafenib, reserpine, rilpivirine,
Hypotension [3] riociguat, ritonavir, rivaroxaban, rizatriptan,
QT prolongation [19] Scilla indica, Scilla maritima, Urginea indica,
Urginea maritima, Urginea scilla romidepsin, safinamide, saquinavir, sertraline,
Torsades de pointes [25] sildenafil, simeprevir, simvastatin, sirolimus,
Indications: Arrhythmias, asthma, edema,
Central Nervous System bronchitis, whooping cough, abortifacient. Also sofosbuvir, sofosbuvir & velpatasvir, sofosbuvir/
Depression [2] used as a rodenticide velpatasvir/voxilaprevir, solifenacin, sonidegib,
Paresthesias (3%) Class: Diuretic sorafenib, SSRIs, sumatriptan, sunitinib,
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Half-life: N/A tacrolimus, tadalafil, tapentadol, telaprevir,
Asthenia (fatigue) (6%) [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous telithromycin, temsirolimus, tenofovir
interactions with: ginger, ginseng, hawthorn alafenamide, tetracyclines, tezacaftor/ivacaftor,
Other thalidomide, tiagabine, tipranavir, tolvaptan,
Adverse effects [2] (fruit, leaf, flower extract), licorice, mistletoe,
senna trabectedin, tricyclic antidepressants, ulipristal,
Pregnancy category: N/A valbenazine, vandetanib, venetoclax, venlafaxine,
Note: Squill is unsafe for self-medication. vigabatrin, vorapaxar, voriconazole, warfarin,
SPIRONOLACTONE ziprasidone, zolmitriptan
Trade names: Aldactazide (Pfizer), Aldactone Note: St John’s wort is a natural source of
(Pfizer) ST JOHN’S WORT flavoring in Europe. Although not indigenous to
Indications: Hyperaldosteronism, hirsutism, Australia, and long considered a weed, St John’s
hypertension, edema for patients with congestive Family: Hypericaceae wort is now grown there as a cash crop and
heart failure, cirrhosis of the liver or nephrotic Scientific names: Hypericum perforatum, Kira produces 20% of the world’s supply.
syndrome (Lichtwer), Quanterra Emotional Balance (Warner
Class: Aldosterone antagonist, Diuretic Lambert)
Indications: Depression, dysthymic disorder, Skin
Half-life: 78–84 minutes Hyperhidrosis [2]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous fatigue, insomnia, loss of appetite, anxiety,
obsessive-compulsive disorders, mood Photosensitivity [11]
interactions with: ACE inhibitors, alcohol, Pruritus [2]
amiloride, barbiturates, benazepril, captopril, disturbances, migraine headaches, neuralgia,
fibrositis, sciatica, palpitations, exhaustion, Rash [2]
cyclosporine, enalapril, fosinopril, lisinopril,
mitotane, moexipril, narcotics, NSAIDs, headache, muscle pain, vitiligo, diuretic, bruises, Mucosal
potassium chloride, potassium iodide, quinapril, abrasions, first-degree burns, hemorrhoids Xerostomia [5]
ramipril, trandolapril, triamterene, zofenopril Class: Anxyolytic, CYP3A4 inducer Cardiovascular
Pregnancy category: C Half-life: 24–48 hours Hypertension [3]
interactions with: acetaminophen, acitretin, Central Nervous System
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Headache [5]
pediatric patients afatinib, alfuzosin, alitretinoin, alprazolam,
ambrisentan, aminophylline, amiodarone, Insomnia [3]
Note: Aldactazide is spironolactone and Irritability [2]
hydrochlorothiazide. Hydrochlorothiazide is a amitriptyline, amlodipine, amprenavir, apixaban,
aprepitant, artemether/lumefantrine, atazanavir, Mania [2]
sulfonamide and can be absorbed systemically. Neurotoxicity [2]
Sulfonamides can produce severe, possibly fatal, atorvastatin, bexarotene, bictegravir/
emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide, boceprevir, Psychosis [2]
reactions such as toxic epidermal necrolysis and Restlessness [4]
Stevens-Johnson syndrome. bosentan, brigatinib, buspirone, cabazitaxel,
cabozantinib, carbamazepine, ceritinib, cilostazol, Serotonin syndrome [8]
Warning: Spironolactone has been shown to be a Sleep disturbances [3]
tumorigen in chronic toxicity studies in rats ciprofloxacin, citalopram, cobimetinib,
conivaptan, copanlisib, crizotinib, cyclosporine, Somnolence (drowsiness) [3]
cyproterone, dabigatran, daclatasvir, darunavir, Vertigo (dizziness) [4]
Skin dasabuvir/ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir, Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Bullous pemphigoid [2] dasatinib, delavirdine, demeclocycline, digoxin, Asthenia (fatigue) [6]
ST JOHN’S WORT See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Central Nervous System Central Nervous System

Abdominal pain [2] Seizures [2] Aggression (9%)
Constipation [2] Agitation (27%)
Diarrhea [2] Anorexia [5]
Hepatotoxicity [6]
Nausea [4]
STAVUDINE Dysarthria (12%)
Fever (6%)
Other Synonym: D4T Insomnia (12%)
Adverse effects [20] Trade name: Zerit (Bristol-Myers Squibb) Sedation [2]
Allergic reactions [2] Indications: HIV infection Somnolence (drowsiness) (67%) [4]
Class: Antiretroviral, Nucleoside analog reverse Tremor (15%)
transcriptase inhibitor Neuromuscular/Skeletal
STANOZOLOL Half-life: 1.44 hours
Ataxia (27%) [3]
Trade name: Winstrol (Ovation) interactions with: doxorubicin, ribavirin, Hypotonia (18%)
Indications: Hereditary angioedema zidovudine Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Class: Anabolic steroid Pregnancy category: C Nausea (15%)
Half-life: N/A Important contra-indications noted in the Vomiting (9%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers
Warning: LACTIC ACIDOSIS and Respiratory
interactions with: anticoagulants, warfarin Bronchitis (6%)
Pregnancy category: X HEPATOMEGALY with STEATOSIS;
PANCREATITIS Nasopharyngitis (6%)
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers Endocrine/Metabolic
Skin Appetite decreased (46%) [6]
Diaphoresis (19%) Weight gain (6%)
Skin Weight loss (27%) [4]
Acneform eruption (>10%) [2] Lipoatrophy [7]
Pigmentation (<10%) Lipodystrophy [8] Hematologic
Rash (40%) Neutropenia (13%)
Hair Toxic epidermal necrolysis [2] Platelets decreased (13%)
Hirsutism (in women) [3] Toxicity [2] Other
Cardiovascular Central Nervous System Adverse effects [3]
Cardiomyopathy [2] Chills (50%)
Hypertension [2] Neurotoxicity [4]
Myocardial infarction [2] Peripheral neuropathy (52%) [11]
Myocardial ischemia [2] STREPTOKINASE
Central Nervous System Myalgia/Myopathy (32%) [2] Trade names: Kabikinase (Pfizer), Streptase
Chills (<10%) (AstraZeneca)
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Diarrhea (50%) Indications: Pulmonary embolism, acute
Hepatotoxicity [3] Hepatotoxicity [2] myocardial infarction
Endocrine/Metabolic Nausea (39%) Class: Fibrinolytic
Gynecomastia (>10%) Pancreatitis [6] Half-life: 83 minutes
Vomiting (39%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Genitourinary interactions with: bivalirudin, lepirudin
Priapism (>10%) Endocrine/Metabolic Pregnancy category: C
Renal Acidosis [11]
Nephrotoxicity [3] Diabetes mellitus [2]
Fat distribution abnormality [4] Skin
Other Gynecomastia [4] Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [2]
Death [3] Angioedema (>10%) [2]
Renal Diaphoresis (<10%)
Fanconi syndrome [2] Exanthems (<5%) [2]
STAR ANISE (CHINESE) Other Pruritus (<10%)
Adverse effects [3] Purpura [2]
Family: Illiciaceae Allergic reactions (9%) Rash (<10%)
Scientific name: Illicium verum Serum sickness [4]
Indications: Bronchitis, colic, cough, flatulence, Serum sickness-like reaction [3]
menstrual complaints, respiratory tract STIRIPENTOL * Urticaria (<5%)
Vasculitis [7]
inflammation. Culinary spice, fragrance
component in cosmetics Trade name: Diacomit (Biocodex SA) Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Class: Antimycobacterial, Insecticide Indications: treatment of seizures associated Rhabdomyolysis [2]
Half-life: N/A with Dravet syndrome in patients 2 years of age Ocular
Clinically important, potentially hazardous and older taking clobazam Periorbital edema (>10%)
interactions with: none known Half-life: 4.5–13 hours
Pregnancy category: N/A Clinically important, potentially hazardous Other
Note: Star anise preparations are sometimes interactions with: clobazam Allergic reactions (4%) [4]
contaminated with highly poisonous Japanese star Pregnancy category: N/A (Based on animal
anise (Illicium anisatum). Star anise contains a data, may cause fetal harm)
compound used in the manufacture of Tamiflu.
Mucosal
Salivary hypersecretion (6%)
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual SUCRALOSE
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Pregnancy category: C

STREPTOMYCIN Abdominal pain [2] Important contra-indications noted in the
Nausea [2] prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Trade name: Streptomycin (Pfizer) Vomiting [2] mothers
Indications: Tuberculosis Warning: RISK OF CARDIAC ARREST FROM
Class: Antibiotic, aminoglycoside Renal
Nephrotoxicity [2] HYPERKALEMIC RHABDOMYOLYSIS
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Hematologic
interactions with: aldesleukin, aminoglycosides, Neutropenia [2] Skin
atracurium, bacitracin, bumetanide, doxacurium, Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [13]
Local
ethacrynic acid, furosemide, methoxyflurane, Injection-site pain (<10%) Mucosal
neostigmine, non-depolarizing muscle relaxants, Sialorrhea (<10%)
pancuronium, polypeptide antibiotics, Cardiovascular
rocuronium, succinylcholine, teicoplanin, Bradycardia [2]
torsemide, vecuronium SUCCIMER
Pregnancy category: D Central Nervous System
Important contra-indications noted in the Synonym: DMSA Malignant hyperthermia [7]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers Trade name: Chemet (Sanofi-Aventis) Paralysis [3]
Note: Aminoglycosides may cause neurotoxicity Indications: Heavy metal poisoning Twitching [5]
and/or nephrotoxicity. Class: Chelator Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Half-life: 2 days Myalgia/Myopathy [11]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Rhabdomyolysis [27]
Skin interactions with: other chelating agents
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [3] Pregnancy category: C Endocrine/Metabolic
Dermatitis [2] Important contra-indications noted in the Hyperkalemia [8]
DRESS syndrome [3] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Other
Erythema multiforme [4] pediatric patients Death [3]
Exanthems (>5%) [8]
Lupus erythematosus [5] Skin
Nicolau syndrome [2] Candidiasis (16%) SUCRALFATE
Photosensitivity [2] Exanthems (11%)
Pruritus [2] Pruritus (11%) Trade name: Carafate (Aptalis)
Purpura [3] Rash (<11%) [2] Indications: Duodenal ulcer
Stevens-Johnson syndrome [3] Mucosal Class: Chelator
Toxic epidermal necrolysis [9] Mucocutaneous eruption (11%) Half-life: N/A
Urticaria [3] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Central Nervous System interactions with: anagrelide, chlortetracycline,
Mucosal Chills (16%) ciprofloxacin, clorazepate, demeclocycline,
Cheilitis (2%) Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (metallic) doxycycline, gemifloxacin, ketoconazole,
Glossitis (2%) (21%) lansoprazole, levofloxacin, lomefloxacin,
Oral mucosal eruption [2] Fever (16%) lymecycline, minocycline, moxifloxacin,
Stomatitis [2] Headache (16%) norfloxacin, ofloxacin, oxtriphylline,
Renal Pain (3%) oxytetracycline, paricalcitol, phenytoin,
Nephrotoxicity [2] Paresthesias (13%) sparfloxacin, tetracycline, tigecycline,
Otic Neuromuscular/Skeletal voriconazole
Ototoxicity [6] Back pain (16%) Pregnancy category: B
Ocular prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Optic neuropathy [2] Abdominal pain (16%)
Other Respiratory Note: Sucralfate use can lead to symptoms of
Adverse effects [2] Flu-like syndrome (16%) aluminum toxicity.
Mucosal
SUCCINYLCHOLINE Xerostomia [2]
STREPTOZOCIN Synonym: suxamethonium Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Trade name: Anectine (Sabex) Constipation (2%)
Trade name: Zanosar (Gensia)
Indications: Carcinoma of the pancreas, Indications: Skeletal muscle relaxation during
carcinoid tumor, Hodgkin’s disease general anesthesia
Class: Alkylating agent, Antineoplastic Class: Cholinesterase inhibitor, Depolarizing SUCRALOSE
Half-life: 35 minutes muscle relaxant
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Half-life: N/A Trade name: Splenda (McNeil)
interactions with: aldesleukin Clinically important, potentially hazardous Indications: Weight reduction
Pregnancy category: D interactions with: amikacin, aminoglycosides, Class: Sweetening agent
Important contra-indications noted in the donepezil, galantamine, gentamicin, Half-life: 2–5 hours
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers hydromorphone, kanamycin, levomepromazine, Clinically important, potentially hazardous
neomycin, neostigmine, paromomycin, interactions with: none known
physostigmine, pipecuronium, pralidoxime, Pregnancy category: N/A
Neuromuscular/Skeletal quinine, streptomycin, tapentadol, thalidomide,
Asthenia (fatigue) [2] tobramycin, vancomycin, vecuronium Central Nervous System
Migraine [3]
SUGAMMADEX Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Skin
SUGAMMADEX SULFADOXINE AGEP [3]
Trade name: Bridion (Organon) Trade name: Fansidar (Roche) Angioedema (<5%)
Indications: Reversal of neuromuscular blockade Indications: Malaria Dermatitis [4]
induced by rocuronium bromide and vecuronium Class: Antibiotic, sulfonamide, Antimalarial DRESS syndrome [4]
bromide in adults undergoing surgery Half-life: 5–8 days Erythema multiforme [15]
Class: Cyclodextrin, Selective relaxant binding Clinically important, potentially hazardous Erythema nodosum [2]
agent interactions with: none known Exanthems (<5%) [30]
Half-life: ~2 hours Pregnancy category: C Exfoliative dermatitis [3]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Important contra-indications noted in the Fixed eruption [29]
interactions with: toremifene prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Hypersensitivity [6]
Pregnancy category: N/A (No data available) mothers; pediatric patients Linear IgA bullous dermatosis [3]
Important contra-indications noted in the Note: Sulfadoxine is a sulfonamide and can be Lupus erythematosus [3]
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing absorbed systemically. Sulfonamides can produce Photosensitivity (>10%) [3]
mothers; pediatric patients severe, possibly fatal, reactions such as toxic Pruritus (10%) [7]
epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson Purpura [3]
Skin syndrome. Pustules [6]
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [10] Fansidar is sulfadoxine and pyrimethamine (this Radiation recall dermatitis [3]
Erythema (<2%) combination is almost always prescribed). Rash (>10%) [3]
Hypersensitivity [7] Stevens-Johnson syndrome (<10%) [22]
Pruritus (2–3%) Skin Sweet’s syndrome [3]
Mucosal Erythema multiforme [3] Toxic epidermal necrolysis (<10%) [32]
Oropharyngeal pain (3–5%) Exfoliative dermatitis [3] Urticaria [9]
Xerostomia (<2%) [2] Fixed eruption [2] Vasculitis [6]
Hypersensitivity (>10%) Mucosal
Cardiovascular Photosensitivity (>10%) [2]
Bradycardia (<5%) Oral mucosal eruption [2]
Pruritus [2] Oral ulceration [2]
Hypotension [2] Stevens-Johnson syndrome (<10%) [24]
QT prolongation (<6%) [2] Toxic epidermal necrolysis [17] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Tachycardia (2–5%) Rhabdomyolysis [4]
Mucosal
Central Nervous System Glossitis (>10%) Renal
Anxiety (<3%) Nephrotoxicity [2]
Chills (3–7%) Central Nervous System
Tremor (>10%) Hematologic
Depression (<2%) Thrombocytopenia [2]
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) [3] Vertigo (dizziness) [2]
Fever (5–9%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal Other
Headache (5–10%) [2] Asthenia (fatigue) [2] Allergic reactions [2]
Hypoesthesia (<3%) Side effects (2%) [2]
Insomnia (2–5%) Diarrhea [2]
Pain (36–52%)
Restlessness (<2%) Other SULFASALAZINE
Somnolence (drowsiness) [2] Death [7]
Vertigo (dizziness) (3–6%) Synonyms: salicylazosulfapyridine; salazopyrin
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Trade name: Azulfidine (Pfizer)
Bone or joint pain (<2%) SULFA- Indications: Inflammatory bowel disease,
Myalgia/Myopathy (<2%) ulcerative colitis, rheumatoid arthritis
Pain in extremities (<6%)
METHOXAZOLE Class: Aminosalicylate, Disease-modifying
antirheumatic drug (DMARD), Sulfonamide
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Trade names: Bactrim (Women First), Septra Half-life: 5–10 hours
Abdominal pain (4–6%) (Monarch) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Diarrhea [2] Indications: Various infections caused by interactions with: cholestyramine,
Flatulence (<3%) susceptible organisms methotrexate, safinamide
Nausea (23–26%) [3] Class: Antibiotic, sulfonamide, Folic acid Pregnancy category: B
Vomiting (11–15%) [2] antagonist Important contra-indications noted in the
Respiratory Half-life: 7–12 hours prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Bronchospasm [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous pediatric patients
Cough (<8%) interactions with: anticoagulants, azathioprine, Note: Sulfasalazine is a sulfonamide and can be
cyclosporine, methotrexate, pralatrexate, absorbed systemically. Sulfonamides can produce
Endocrine/Metabolic probenecid, warfarin
Creatine phosphokinase increased (<2%) severe, possibly fatal, reactions such as toxic
Pregnancy category: C epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson
Hypocalcemia (<2%) Note: Sulfamethoxazole is a sulfonamide and can syndrome.
Hematologic be absorbed systemically. Sulfonamides can Contra-indicated in patients with intestinal or
Anemia (<2%) produce severe, possibly fatal, reactions such as urinary obstruction, or with porphyria.
Local toxic epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson
Injection-site pain (4–6%) syndrome.
Sulfamethoxazole is commonly used in
Skin
Other AGEP [3]
conjunction with trimethoprim (see separate
Allergic reactions [2] Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [4]
entry for co-trimoxazole).
Angioedema [3]
Bullous pemphigoid [3]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual SUMATRIPTAN
Cyanosis (<10%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic

Dermatitis [2] SULFITES Hepatotoxicity [4]
DRESS syndrome [31] Pancreatitis [3]
Erythema multiforme [8] Family: N/A
Erythema nodosum [2] Scientific names: Ammonium bisulfite [AB],
Exanthems (2–23%) [23] potassium bisulfite [PB], potassium metabisulfite
Exfoliative dermatitis [5] [PM], sodium bisulfite [SB], sodium metabisulfite SUMATRIPTAN
Fixed eruption [7] [SM], sodium sulfite [SS], sulfur dioxide [SD]
Indications: Food additive, drug additive, Trade names: Alsuma (King), Imigran (GSK),
Flushing [2] Imitrex (GSK), Onzetra Xsail (Avanir), Sumavel
Hypersensitivity (<5%) [21] sanitary agent
Class: Trace element DosePro (Endo), Zecuity (Teva)
Lichen planus [3] Indications: Migraine attacks, cluster headaches
Lupus erythematosus [34] Half-life: N/A
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Class: 5-HT1 agonist, Serotonin receptor agonist,
Photosensitivity (10%) [4] Triptan
Pigmentation [3] interactions with: aspirin, NSAIDs
Pruritus (10%) [8] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Pseudolymphoma [2] Skin interactions with: citalopram,
Pustules [2] Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [11] dihydroergotamine, ergot-containing drugs,
Rash (>10%) [19] Angioedema [2] escitalopram, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine,
Raynaud’s phenomenon [3] Dermatitis [15] isocarboxazid, MAO inhibitors, methysergide,
Stevens-Johnson syndrome [9] Edema [2] naratriptan, nefazodone, paroxetine
Toxic epidermal necrolysis (<10%) [13] Hypersensitivity [6] hydrochloride, phenelzine, rizatriptan, sertraline,
Urticaria (<5%) [11] Rash [2] sibutramine, SNRIs, SSRIs, St John’s wort,
Vasculitis [4] Sensitivity [4] tranylcypromine, venlafaxine, zolmitriptan
Hair Urticaria [6] Pregnancy category: C
Alopecia [6] Respiratory Important contra-indications noted in the
Mucosal Pulmonary toxicity [2] prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Mucocutaneous reactions (6%) [2] Rhinitis [3] mothers; pediatric patients
Oral mucosal eruption [4] Other Note: Contra-indicated in patients with Wolff-
Oral ulceration [3] Adverse effects [5] Parkinson-White syndrome, peripheral vascular
Stomatitis (<10%) Allergic reactions [6] disease, ischemic bowel disease, uncontrolled
Death [2] hypertension, severe hepatic impairment or a
Central Nervous System history of coronary artery disease, coronary
Anorexia (10%) vasospasm, stroke, transient ischemic attack, or
Aseptic meningitis [3] hemiplegic or basilar migraine; or with recent
Fever [4] SULINDAC (within 24 hours) use of another 5-HT1 agonist
Headache (10%) [7] (e.g. another triptan) or an ergotamine-containing
Vertigo (dizziness) (<10%) Trade name: Clinoril (Merck) medication, or current or recent (past 2 weeks)
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Indications: Arthritis use of a monoamine oxidase-A inhibitor.
Arthralgia [2] Class: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID)
Asthenia (fatigue) [5] Half-life: 7.8–16.4 hours
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic interactions with: methotrexate, warfarin Burning (<10%)
Abdominal pain (<10%) Pregnancy category: C (category C in first and Diaphoresis (2%)
Dyspepsia (10%) [3] second trimesters; category D in third trimester) Flushing (7%) [4]
Hepatotoxicity [14] Important contra-indications noted in the Hot flashes (>10%)
Nausea (10%) [7] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Hypersensitivity [2]
Pancreatitis [6] pediatric patients Mucosal
Vomiting (10%) [2] Note: NSAIDs may cause an increased risk of Nasal discomfort [3]
Respiratory serious cardiovascular and gastrointestinal Rhinorrhea [2]
Pulmonary toxicity [3] adverse events, which can be fatal. This risk may Xerostomia [2]
Upper respiratory tract infection [3] increase with duration of use. Cardiovascular
Renal Chest pain (<2%) [7]
Nephrotoxicity [4] Skin Hypertension [2]
Renal failure [2] Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [4] Myocardial infarction [5]
Hematologic Erythema multiforme [8] Central Nervous System
Agranulocytosis [6] Exanthems (<5%) [9] Dysgeusia (taste perversion) [11]
Anemia (<10%) Fixed eruption [5] Headache [2]
Leukopenia (<10%) [4] Photosensitivity [2] Neurotoxicity [3]
Neutropenia [2] Pruritus (<10%) [5] Pain (<2%) [4]
Thrombocytopenia (<10%) Purpura [2] Paresthesias (3–5%) [11]
Rash (>10%) Somnolence (drowsiness) [3]
Ocular Stevens-Johnson syndrome [5]
Conjunctival pigmentation [2] Stroke [2]
Toxic epidermal necrolysis [13] Vertigo (dizziness) (<2%) [10]
Other Urticaria [4] Warm feeling (2–3%)
Adverse effects [9] Mucosal
Oral mucosal eruption (3%) [2] Asthenia (fatigue) (2–3%) [5]
Side effects (5%) Stomatitis [2] Jaw pain (<3%)
Xerostomia [2] Muscle spasm [2]
Myalgia/Myopathy (2%) [2]
Neck pain (<3%)
SUMATRIPTAN See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Mucosal inflammation [4] Thrombotic microangiopathy [2]

Colitis [2] Mucositis (29–53%) [19] Ocular
Nausea [13] Stomatitis [19] Epiphora [R] (6%)
Respiratory Xerostomia [R] [P] [2] Periorbital edema [R] (7%)
Nasopharyngitis [2] Cardiovascular Other
Rhinitis [2] Aortic dissection [3] Adverse effects [17]
Upper respiratory tract infection [2] Cardiac failure [2] Death [7]
Local Cardiomyopathy [2] Side effects [3]
Application-site erythema [2] Cardiotoxicity [8]
Injection-site edema [2] Congestive heart failure [2]
Hypertension [60]
QT prolongation [2] SUVOREXANT
Other Ventricular arrhythmia [2]
Adverse effects [10] Trade name: Belsomra (Merck Sharpe &
Central Nervous System Dohme)
Anorexia [8] Indications: Insomnia
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (21–43%) [6] Class: Orexin receptor antagonist
SUNITINIB Fever [R] (15–18%) [2] Half-life: 10–22 hours
Headache (13–25%) [4] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Trade name: Sutent (Pfizer) Leukoencephalopathy [3]
Indications: Gastrointestinal stromal tumor, interactions with: none known
Neurotoxicity [R] (10%) Pregnancy category: C
advanced renal cell carcinoma, advanced Pain [R] (18%)
pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor Important contra-indications noted in the
Vertigo (dizziness) [R] (16%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Class: Antineoplastic, Epidermal growth factor
receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, Tyrosine kinase Neuromuscular/Skeletal pediatric patients
inhibitor Arthralgia [R] (12–28%) Note: Contra-indicated in patients with
Half-life: 40–60 hours Asthenia (fatigue) (22%) [74] narcolepsy.
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Back pain [R] (11–17%)
interactions with: atazanavir, bevacizumab, Myalgia/Myopathy [G] (14–17%) Mucosal
carbamazepine, clarithromycin, clozapine, Osteonecrosis [4] Xerostomia (2%)
dexamethasone, digoxin, efavirenz, grapefruit Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Central Nervous System
juice, indinavir, itraconazole, ketoconazole, Abdominal pain (20–33%) [2] Abnormal dreams (2%) [2]
nefazodone, nelfinavir, phenobarbital, phenytoin, Constipation [3] Headache (7%) [2]
rifabutin, rifampin, rifapentine, ritonavir, Diarrhea [39] Sedation [2]
saquinavir, St John’s wort, telithromycin, Dyspepsia [R] [P] [3] Somnolence (drowsiness) (7%) [6]
temsirolimus, voriconazole Esophagitis [2] Vertigo (dizziness) (3%)
Pregnancy category: D Gastrointestinal bleeding [4]
Important contra-indications noted in the Gastrointestinal disorder [2] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Hepatotoxicity [8] Diarrhea (2%)
pediatric patients Nausea [18] Respiratory
Note: [G] = treated for gastrointestinal tumor; Pneumatosis intestinalis [3] Cough (2%)
[R] = treated for renal cell carcinoma; [P] treated Vomiting [16] Upper respiratory tract infection (2%)
for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor. Respiratory
Warning: HEPATOTOXICITY Cough [R] (8–17%) [2]
Dyspnea [5] TACROLIMUS
Skin Pulmonary toxicity [3]
Acral erythema [2] Radiation recall pneumonitis [2] Trade names: Envarsus XR (Veloxis), Prograf
Edema [6] Endocrine/Metabolic (Astellas), Protopic (Astellas)
Erythema [6] ALT increased [4] Indications: Prophylaxis of organ rejection,
Facial edema [3] Appetite decreased [2] atopic dermatitis (topical)
Hand–foot syndrome (12–14%) [75] AST increased [2] Class: Calcineurin inhibitor, Immunosuppressant,
Lesions [2] Hypothyroidism [R] [30] Macrolactam
Nevi [2] Serum creatinine increased [2] Half-life: ~8.7 hours
Peripheral edema [R] (17%) Thyroid dysfunction [8] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Pigmentation [15] interactions with: abatacept, afatinib, alefacept,
Pruritus [R] [3] Renal amiodarone, amprenavir, atazanavir, azacitidine,
Pyoderma gangrenosum [8] Nephrotoxicity [5] beta blockers, betamethasone, boceprevir,
Rash (14–38%) [17] Proteinuria [5] bosentan, cabazitaxel, caspofungin, ceritinib,
Thrombocytopenic purpura [4] Hematologic cinacalcet, cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/
Toxicity [24] Anemia [21] tenofovir disoproxil, crizotinib, cyclosporine,
Xerosis (17%) [3] Bleeding [5] CYP3A4 inhibitors and inducers, dabigatran, dairy
Hair Bone marrow suppression [2] products, danazol, darunavir, dasatinib,
Alopecia (5–12%) [6] Cytopenia [2] delavirdine, denileukin, dexlansoprazole,
Hair pigmentation [G] [8] Hemorrhage [2] diclofenac, docetaxel, dronedarone, efavirenz,
Hemotoxicity [3] elbasvir & grazoprevir, eluxadoline, enzalutamide,
Nails Hyperlipasemia [2] erythromycin, etoricoxib, fingolimod, gefitinib,
Splinter hemorrhage [2] Leukopenia [20] grapefruit juice, Hemophilus B vaccine, HMG-
Subungual hemorrhage [4] Lymphopenia [10] CoA reductase inhibitors, ibuprofen,
Mucosal Myelosuppression [3] immunosuppressants, indinavir, irbesartan,
Epistaxis (nosebleed) [2] Neutropenia [48] itraconazole, ketoconazole, leflunomide,
Glossodynia [R] [P] (15%) Thrombocytopenia [44] lenalidomide, letermovir, lopinavir, lovastatin,
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual TADALAFIL
meloxicam, mifepristone, mycophenolate, Neuromuscular/Skeletal

nelfinavir, nifedipine, olmesartan, omeprazole, Arthralgia (>10%) [2] TADALAFIL
oxaliplatin, pazopanib, pemetrexed, Asthenia (fatigue) (>10%) [4]
posaconazole, potassium, potassium-sparing Back pain (>10%) Trade names: Adcirca (Lilly), Cialis (Lilly)
diuretics, pralatrexate, ribociclib, rifabutin, Bone or joint pain [2] Indications: Erectile dysfunction, pulmonary
rifampin, rifapentine, sevelamer, simvastatin, Myalgia/Myopathy (>3%) arterial hypertension
sirolimus, St John’s wort, telaprevir, telithromycin, Class: Phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitor
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Half-life: 15–18 hours
temsirolimus, tinidazole, tipranavir, tofacitinib, Abdominal pain [3]
triamcinolone, vaccines, voriconazole Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Constipation (>10%) interactions with: alcohol, alfuzosin, alpha
Pregnancy category: C Diarrhea (>10%) [6]
Important contra-indications noted in the blockers, amlodipine, amyl nitrite, angiotensin II
Dyspepsia (>10%) receptor blockers, antifungals, antihypertensives,
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Dysphagia (>3%)
mothers; pediatric patients atazanavir, bendroflumethiazide, boceprevir,
Hepatotoxicity [11] bosentan, clarithromycin, cobicistat/elvitegravir/
Warning: MALIGNANCIES AND SERIOUS Nausea (>10%) [3]
INFECTIONS emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide, cobicistat/
Pancreatitis [3] elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil,
Vomiting (>10%) conivaptan, CYP3A4 inhibitors or inducers,
Skin Respiratory darunavir, dasatinib, delavirdine, disopyramide,
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [3] Cough (>10%) doxazosin, efavirenz, enalapril, erythromycin,
Burning (46%) [13] Dyspnea (>10%) etravirine, fosamprenavir, grapefruit juice,
Dermatitis [2] Pneumonia [2] indinavir, itraconazole, ketoconazole, lopinavir,
Diaphoresis (>3%) Pulmonary toxicity [2] macrolide antibiotics, metoprolol, nelfinavir,
Ecchymoses (>3%) nicorandil, nitrates, nitroglycerin, nitroprusside,
Edema (>10%) Endocrine/Metabolic
Diabetes mellitus [6] oxcarbazepine, phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors,
Erythema (12%) [3] rifampin, rifapentine, riociguat, ritonavir,
Exanthems (4%) [2] Diabetic ketoacidosis [6]
Gynecomastia [3] sapropterin, saquinavir, St John’s wort,
Flushing [4] tamsulosin, telaprevir, telithromycin, voriconazole
Folliculitis (10%) [2] Hyperglycemia [11]
Hyperkalemia [4] Pregnancy category: B (Cialis is not indicated
Graft-versus-host reaction [2] for use in women)
Herpes simplex (13%) [4] Hyperlipidemia [2]
Hypomagnesemia (>10%) [2] Important contra-indications noted in the
Herpes zoster [2] prescribing guidelines for: pediatric patients
Kaposi’s sarcoma [2] Hypophosphatemia (>10%)
Kaposi’s varicelliform eruption [2] Serum creatinine increased [4]
Lymphoma [2] SIADH [2] Skin
Neoplasms [2] Genitourinary Diaphoresis (<2%)
Peripheral edema (26%) Urinary tract infection [3] Facial edema (<2%)
Photosensitivity (>3%) Flushing (2–3%) [16]
Renal Peripheral edema [2]
Pigmentation [2]
Nephrotoxicity [45] Pruritus (<2%)
Pruritus (25–36%) [12]
Renal failure [2] Rash (<2%)
Pustules (6%)
Renal function abnormal [4]
Rash (24%) [2] Mucosal
Rosacea [5] Hematologic Epistaxis (nosebleed) (<2%) [2]
Thrombocytopenic purpura [2] Anemia (>10%) [2] Nasal congestion [4]
Toxicity [3] Angiopathy [4] Rectal hemorrhage (<2%)
Dyslipidemia [3] Xerostomia (<2%)
Hair
Alopecia (>3%) [6] Cardiovascular
Hemolytic uremic syndrome [18]
Hypertrichosis [2] Angina (<2%)
Leukopenia (>10%) [5]
Mucosal Neutropenia [4] Chest pain (<2%)
Gingival hyperplasia/hypertrophy [6] Thrombotic microangiopathy [5] Hypotension (<2%)
Oral candidiasis (>3%) Myocardial infarction (<2%)
Otic Palpitation (<2%)
Oral pigmentation [2]
Tinnitus [2] Postural hypotension (<2%)
Oral ulceration [2]
Ocular Tachycardia (<2%)
Cardiovascular
Diplopia [2] Central Nervous System
Cardiomyopathy [3]
Ocular burning [3] Amnesia [3]
Hypertension (49%) [9]
Optic neuropathy [2] Headache (4–15%) [38]
QT prolongation [2]
Vision blurred [2] Hyperesthesia (<2%)
Central Nervous System Vision loss [3] Hypoesthesia (<2%)
Encephalopathy [10] Insomnia (<2%)
Local
Fever (>10%) [2] Pain (<3%)
Application-site burning [7]
Headache [10] Paresthesias (<2%)
Application-site erythema [3]
Insomnia [2] Somnolence (drowsiness) (<2%)
Application-site infection [2]
Leukoencephalopathy [14] Syncope (<2%)
Application-site irritation [2]
Neurotoxicity [12] Vertigo (dizziness) (<2%) [8]
Application-site pain [2]
Pain [3]
Application-site pruritus [9] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Paresthesias (40%) [5]
Parkinsonism [2] Other Arthralgia (<2%)
Seizures (<10%) [5] Adverse effects [18] Asthenia (fatigue) (<2%)
Tremor (>10%) [11] Cancer [2] Back pain (2–6%) [22]
Vertigo (dizziness) [3] Infection (>10%) [16] Myalgia/Myopathy (<4%) [15]
Neck pain (<2%)
TADALAFIL Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Vertigo (dizziness) (8%)

Diarrhea [2] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
TALIMOGENE
Dyspepsia [8]
Dysphagia (<2%)
Abdominal pain [2] LAHERPAREPVEC
Diarrhea [2]
Esophagitis (<2%) Nausea (6%) [3] Synonym: T-VEC
Gastritis (<2%) Vomiting (6%) Trade name: Imlygic (Amgen)
Gastroesophageal reflux (<2%)
Endocrine/Metabolic Indications: Unresectable cutaneous,
Hepatotoxicity [2]
ALT increased (<3%) subcutaneous, and nodal lesions in patients with
Loose stools (<2%)
Creatine phosphokinase increased (<3%) melanoma recurrent after initial surgery
Nausea (<2%) [3]
Class: Oncolytic virus immunotherapy
Vomiting (<2%) Hematologic
Half-life: N/A
Respiratory Hemoglobin decreased (5%)
Dyspnea (<2%) Methemoglobinemia (<3%)
Nasopharyngitis [2] Ocular Pregnancy category: N/A (Contraception
Pharyngitis (<2%) Keratopathy (<3%) advised to prevent pregnancy during treatment)
Endocrine/Metabolic Photophobia (<3%) Important contra-indications noted in the
GGT increased (<2%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
pediatric patients
Genitourinary
Erection (<2%) TAFLUPROST
Priapism (spontaneous) (<2%) [2] Skin
Trade names: Saflutan (Merck Sharpe & Cellulitis (<5%) [3]
Hematologic Dohme), Zioptan (Merck Sharpe & Dohme) Herpes (oral) (<5%)
Anemia [2] Indications: Reduction of elevated intraocular Vitiligo (<5%)
Platelets decreased [2] pressure in open angle glaucoma or ocular
Mucosal
Otic hypertension
Oropharyngeal pain (6%)
Hearing loss (<2%) [4] Class: Antiglaucoma, Prostaglandin analog
Tinnitus (<2%) Half-life: 0.5 hours Central Nervous System
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Chills (49%) [5]
Ocular Fever (43%) [4]
Chorioretinopathy [2] Headache (19%)
Conjunctival hyperemia (<2%) Vertigo (dizziness) (10%)
Conjunctivitis (<2%)
Dyschromatopsia (<2%)
pediatric patients Arthralgia (17%)
Eyelid edema (<2%)
Eyelid pain (<2%) Asthenia (fatigue) (50%) [4]
Lacrimation (<2%) Central Nervous System Myalgia/Myopathy (18%)
Optic neuropathy [7] Headache (6%) Pain in extremities (16%)
Vision blurred (<2%) Respiratory Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Other Cough (3%) Abdominal pain (9%)
Adverse effects [4] Constipation (12%)
Genitourinary
Diarrhea (19%)
Nausea (36%) [2]
Ocular Vomiting (21%)
TAFENOQUINE * Cataract (3%)
Respiratory
Conjunctival hyperemia (4–20%) [7]
Trade name: Krintafel (GSK) Flu-like syndrome (31%) [2]
Conjunctivitis (5%)
Indications: indicated for the radical cure Deepening of upper lid sulcus [4] Endocrine/Metabolic
(prevention of relapse) of Plasmodium vivax Eyelashes – hypertrichosis (2%) Weight loss (6%)
malaria in patients aged 16 years and older who Eyelashes – pigmentation (2%) [2] Renal
are receiving appropriate antimalarial therapy for Eyelid erythema (<10%) Glomerulonephritis (<5%)
acute P. vivax infection Eyelid pigmentation [3]
Class: Antimalarial Keratoconjunctivitis (<10%)
Local
Half-life: ~15 days Injection-site pain (28%)
Lacrimation (<10%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Ocular burning [3]
interactions with: none known Ocular hyperemia [2]
Pregnancy category: N/A (May cause hemolytic Ocular itching [6] TAMOXIFEN
anemia in a fetus who is G6PD deficient. Ocular pain (3%)
Treatment during pregnancy is not Ocular pigmentation (<10%) Trade name: Nolvadex (AstraZeneca)
recommended) Ocular pruritus (5%) [2] Indications: Advanced breast cancer
Important contra-indications noted in the Ocular stinging (7%) [4] Class: Selective estrogen receptor modulator
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers Photophobia (<10%) (SERM)
Vision blurred (2%) Half-life: 5–7 days
Skin Visual disturbances (<10%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Hypersensitivity (<3%) Xerophthalmia (3%) interactions with: anastrozole, bexarotene,
cinacalcet, delavirdine, droperidol, duloxetine,
gadobenate, paroxetine hydrochloride,
Abnormal dreams (<3%) Adverse effects [5]
rifapentine, terbinafine, tipranavir
Anxiety (<3%)
Headache (5%)
Insomnia (<3%)
Somnolence (drowsiness) (<3%)
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual TAPENTADOL
Pregnancy category: D Sexual dysfunction [2] Genitourinary

Important contra-indications noted in the Vaginal bleeding [4] Ejaculatory dysfunction (8–18%) [9]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Vaginal discharge [5] Erectile dysfunction [2]
pediatric patients Vaginal dryness [5] Priapism [4]
Hematologic Urinary incontinence [2]
Skin Hemolytic uremic syndrome [2] Urinary retention [3]
Carcinosarcoma [2] Thrombosis [9] Ocular
Diaphoresis [4] Ocular Floppy iris syndrome [34]
Edema (2–6%) [3] Cataract [9] Vision blurred (<2%)
Exanthems (3%) [3] Keratopathy [4] Other
Flushing (>10%) [9] Macular edema [2] Adverse effects [3]
Hot flashes [18] Maculopathy [5] Infection (9–11%)
Lupus erythematosus [2] Ocular adverse effects [6] Tooth disorder (<2%)
Pruritus ani et vulvae [2] Ocular toxicity [5]
Radiation recall dermatitis [6] Retinopathy [5]
Rash (<10%) [2] Vision impaired [3]
Sarcoma [9] TAPENTADOL
Toxicity [3]
Tumors [3] Trade names: Nucynta (Janssen), Nucynta ER
Vasculitis [5] TAMSULOSIN (Janssen), Palexia (Grunenthal)
Xerosis (7%) Indications: Immediate release formulation:
Trade names: Flomax (Boehringer Ingelheim), moderate to severe acute pain, extended release
Hair Jalyn (GSK) formulation: moderate to severe chronic pain and
Alopecia [7] Indications: Benign prostatic hypertrophy neuropathic pain associated with diabetic
Hirsutism [2] Class: Adrenergic alpha-receptor antagonist peripheral neuropathy when a continuous
Mucosal Half-life: 9–13 hours analgesic is needed for an extended period of
Stomatitis [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous time
Xerostomia (7%) [2] interactions with: alpha adrenergic blockers, Class: Analgesic, opioid
Cardiovascular cimetidine, conivaptan, darunavir, delavirdine, Half-life: 5 hours
Myocardial ischemia [2] erythromycin, indinavir, ketoconazole, paroxetine Clinically important, potentially hazardous
QT prolongation [3] hydrochloride, phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors, interactions with: alcohol, alvimopan,
Thromboembolism [6] tadalafil, telithromycin, terbinafine, vardenafil, amphetamines, anesthestics, anitemetics,
Thrombophlebitis [3] voriconazole, warfarin anticholinergics, buprenorphine, butorphanol,
Venous thromboembolism [6] Pregnancy category: B (not indicated for use in CNS depressants, desmopressin, droperidol,
women; Jalyn is pregnancy category X) hypnotics, linezolid, MAO inhibitors, mirtazapine,
Central Nervous System Important contra-indications noted in the nalbuphine, PEG-interferon, pegvisomant,
Depression [5] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; pentazocine, phenothiazines, sedatives,
Headache [3] pediatric patients sibutramine, SNRIs, SSRIs, St John’s wort,
Insomnia [4] Note: Jalyn is tamsulosin and dutasteride. succinylcholine, thiazide diuretics, tramadol,
Mood changes [3] tranquilizers, trazodone, tricyclic antidepressants,
Parkinsonism [2] triptans
Stroke [4] Mucosal
Xerostomia [5] Pregnancy category: C
Vertigo (dizziness) [3] Important contra-indications noted in the
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Cardiovascular prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Asthenia (fatigue) [5] Chest pain (4%) mothers; pediatric patients
Bone or joint pain [3] Hypotension (6–19%) [3] Note: Contra-indicated in patients with impaired
Fractures [2] Orthostatic hypotension [3] pulmonary function or paralytic ileus. Should not
Leg cramps [2] Postural hypotension [3] be used in patients currently using or within 14
Myalgia/Myopathy [4] Central Nervous System days of using a monoamine oxidase inhibitor.
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Headache (19–21%) [9] Warning: For extended release oral tablets:
Hepatic steatosis [2] Insomnia (<2%) ABUSE POTENTIAL, LIFE-THREATENING
Hepatotoxicity [10] Somnolence (drowsiness) (3–4%) RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION, ACCIDENTAL
Nausea [4] Vertigo (dizziness) (15–17%) [19] EXPOSURE, and INTERACTION WITH
Pancreatitis [4] Neuromuscular/Skeletal ALCOHOL
Vomiting [3] Asthenia (fatigue) (8–9%) [3]
Respiratory Back pain (7–8%) [2] Mucosal
Pulmonary embolism [7] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Xerostomia [4]
Endocrine/Metabolic Constipation [3] Central Nervous System
ALP increased [2] Diarrhea (4–6%) Headache [4]
Amenorrhea [8] Dyspepsia [2] Neurotoxicity [2]
Galactorrhea (<10%) Nausea (3–4%) Somnolence (drowsiness) [8]
Hypercholesterolemia [2] Respiratory Vertigo (dizziness) (4%) [9]
Hypertriglyceridemia [7] Cough (3–5%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Libido decreased [4] Pharyngitis (5–6%) Asthenia (fatigue) [3]
Weight gain [4] Rhinitis (13–18%) [2] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Genitourinary Sinusitis (2–4%) Constipation [15]
Dyspareunia [4] Endocrine/Metabolic Diarrhea [2]
Endometrial cancer [5] Libido decreased (<2%) Gastrointestinal disorder [2]
Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome [2] Nausea (4%) [21]
TAPENTADOL See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Vomiting (3%) [14] Pregnancy category: C

Skin
Other Important contra-indications noted in the
Burning [2]
Adverse effects [5] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Dermatitis [22]
pediatric patients
Pruritus [2]
TARTRAZINE Nails
Endocrine/Metabolic
Onychocryptosis (3%)
Gynecomastia [3]
Class: Food additive Local
Other
Half-life: N/A Application-site erythema (2%) [2]
Adverse effects [4]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Application-site exfoliation (3%)
Note: Tartrazine intolerance has been estimated
to affect between 0.01% and 0.1% of the
population. Adverse reactions are most common
TAZAROTENE TECOVIRIMAT *
in people who are sensitive to aspirin. Trade names: Avage (Allergan), Fabior (GSK),
Banned in Austria and Norway. Trade name: Tpoxx (Siga Technologies Inc)
Tazorac (Allergan), Zorac (Allergan)
Indications: treatment of human smallpox
Indications: Acne vulgaris, mild to moderate
disease in adults and pediatric patients weighing at
Skin plaque psoriasis involving up to 10% body surface
least 13 kg
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [8] area
Class: Orthopoxvirus VP37 envelope wrapping
Angioedema [11] Half-life: 18 hours
protein inhibitor
Atopic dermatitis [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Half-life: 20 hours
Hypersensitivity [9] interactions with: none known
Pruritus [2] Pregnancy category: X
Purpura [5] Important contra-indications noted in the
Pregnancy category: N/A (no human data to
Urticaria (often related to aspirin prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
establish the presence or absence of associated
intolerance) [33] mothers; pediatric patients
risk)
Vasculitis [3]
Other Skin
Mucosal
Adverse effects [3] Burning (10–20%) [5]
Oropharyngeal pain (<2%)
Allergic reactions [9] Contact dermatitis (5–10%)
Desquamation (5–10%) Cardiovascular
Erythema (10–20%) [5] Tachycardia (<2%)
TASIMELTEON Pruritus (10–25%) [11]
Psoriasis (5–10%)
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (<2%)
Trade name: Hetlioz (Vanda) Rash (5–10%) Headache (12%)
Indications: Non-24-hour sleep-wake disorder Scaling [2] Irritability (<2%)
Class: Melatonin receptor agonist Stinging (<3%) [2] Migraine (<2%)
Half-life: 2–3 hours Xerosis (<3%) [5] Pain (<2%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Local Panic attack (<2%)
interactions with: fluvoxamine, ketoconazole, Application-site reactions [2] Paresthesias (<2%)
rifampin Other Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Pregnancy category: C Adverse effects [2] Arthralgia (<2%)
Important contra-indications noted in the Side effects [2]
mothers; pediatric patients Abdominal pain (2%)
Dyspepsia (<2%)
TEA TREE Eructation (belching) (<2%)
Nausea (5%)
Abnormal dreams (10%) [3] Family: Myrtaceae Vomiting (2%)
Headache (17%) [3] Scientific names: Melaleuca alternifolia,
Nightmares (10%) [3] Hematologic
Melaleuca cajeputi, Melaleuca dissitifolia, Hemoglobin decreased (<2%)
Respiratory Melaleuca linafolia
Upper respiratory tract infection (7%) [2] Indications: Gram-negative and Gram-positive
Other
bacteria, acne, vaginal infection, burns, Dipsia (thirst) (<2%)
Endocrine/Metabolic
ALT increased (10%) [2] onychomycosis, tinea pedis, bruises, insect bites,
skin infections, mouthwash, genital herpes,
Genitourinary
Urinary tract infection (7%) [3]
antiperspirant, gingivitis, disinfectant, scabies TEDIZOLID
Class: Antiseptic
Half-life: N/A Trade name: Sivextro (Cubist)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Indications: Acute bacterial skin and skin
TAVABOROLE interactions with: colophony, turpentine structure infections caused by susceptible bacteria
Pregnancy category: N/A Class: Antibiotic, oxazolidinone
Indications: Onychomycosis Note: Tea tree oil in bottles may undergo Half-life: 12 hours
Class: Antifungal, oxaborole photooxidation, and degradation products are Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Half-life: N/A moderate to strong sensitizers. interactions with: none known
Clinically important, potentially hazardous The plant was discovered and named by Captain Pregnancy category: C
interactions with: none known James Cook of the Royal Navy in 1770, who Important contra-indications noted in the
found groves of trees with sticky, aromatic leaves prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
that, when boiled, made a spicy tea. pediatric patients
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual TEICOPLANIN
Skin Nausea (18%) [7] Fever (<5%) [2]

Dermatitis (<2%) Vomiting (<10%) [2] Headache (<5%)
Flushing (<2%) Respiratory Neurotoxicity [4]
Hypersensitivity (<2%) Cough (<10%) Paresthesias (<5%)
Pruritus (<2%) [2] Nasopharyngitis [2] Peripheral neuropathy [3]
Urticaria (<2%) Upper respiratory tract infection (12%) Vertigo (dizziness) (<5%)
Cardiovascular Warm feeling (<5%)
Local
Hypertension (<2%) Injection-site erythema [2] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Palpitation (<2%) Injection-site reactions (22%) Arthralgia (<5%)
Tachycardia (<2%) Asthenia (fatigue) (22%) [16]
Other Myalgia/Myopathy (<5%)
Headache (6%) [5] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Hypoesthesia (<2%) Diarrhea (19%) [40]
Insomnia (<2%) [2] Hepatotoxicity [6]
Vertigo (dizziness) (2%) [4] TEGAFUR/GIMERACIL/ Nausea (23%) [20]
Vomiting (8%) [13]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal OTERACIL
Asthenia (fatigue) [2] Respiratory
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Synonyms: TS-1; S-1 Pharyngitis (<5%)
Constipation [2] Trade name: Teysuno (Taiho Pharma) Pneumonitis [4]
Diarrhea (4%) [6] Indications: Gastric, colorectal, head and neck Rhinitis (<5%)
Nausea (8%) [7] cancers, non-small cell lung cancer, inoperable or Endocrine/Metabolic
Vomiting (3%) [5] recurrent breast cancer, pancreatic cancer ALT increased (12%) [6]
Class: Antineoplastic Appetite decreased [6]
Hematologic Half-life: N/A
Anemia (<2%) AST increased (12%) [4]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Hyperbilirubinemia [4]
Ocular interactions with: capecitabine, flucytosine, Hyponatremia [4]
Asthenopia (<2%) fluorouracil, other fluoropyrimidine-group Weight loss (<5%)
Vision blurred (<2%) antineoplastics, phenytoin, uracil/tegafur, warfarin
Vision impaired (<2%) Pregnancy category: N/A (Contra-indicated in
Genitourinary
Vitreous floaters (<2%) pregnancy)
Glycosuria (<5%)
Important contra-indications noted in the Hematuria (<5%)
Local
Infusion-related reactions (<2%) prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Renal
mothers; pediatric patients Nephrotoxicity [2]
Other Note: Contra-indicated in patients with severe Proteinuria (<5%)
Adverse effects [3] bone marrow depression, hepatic or renal
Infection (<2%) Hematologic
impairment. Anemia [27]
Not available in the USA. Bleeding (<5%)
Bone marrow suppression [2]
TEDUGLUTIDE Skin Febrile neutropenia [13]
Dermatitis (<5%) Hemotoxicity [5]
Trade name: Gattex (Hospira) Desquamation (<5%) Leukocytopenia [2]
Indications: Treatment of short bowel syndrome Edema (<5%) [3] Leukopenia (87%) [25]
in adult patients dependent on parenteral support Erythema (<5%) Myelosuppression [6]
Class: Glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) analog Flushing (<5%) Neutropenia (44%) [52]
Half-life: 1–2 hours Hand–foot syndrome (<5%) [12] Thrombocytopenia (11%) [20]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Herpes simplex (<5%)
interactions with: none known Ocular
Jaundice (<5%) Conjunctivitis (<5%)
Pregnancy category: B Pigmentation (21%) [9]
Important contra-indications noted in the Keratitis (<5%)
Pruritus (<5%) Lacrimation (<5%) [3]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Rash (12%) [6]
pediatric patients Ocular adverse effects [2]
Raynaud’s phenomenon (<5%) Ocular pain (<5%)
Stevens-Johnson syndrome [2] Reduced visual acuity (<5%)
Skin Ulcerations (<5%)
Edema [4] Xerosis (<5%) [2] Other
Hypersensitivity (<10%) Adverse effects [21]
Hair Death [3]
Cardiovascular Alopecia (<5%) [4]
Congestive heart failure [2] Nails
Headache (16%) [6]
Nail disorder (<5%)
Paronychia (<5%) [2]
TEICOPLANIN
Sleep disturbances (<10%) Mucosal Trade name: Targocid (Sanofi-Aventis)
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Mucositis [7] Indications: Staphylococcal infections
Abdominal distension (14%) [5] Stomatitis (17%) [10] Class: Antibiotic, glycopeptide
Abdominal pain (30%) [8] Cardiovascular Half-life: 150 hours
Constipation [3] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Hypertension (<5%)
Flatulence (<10%) interactions with: amikacin, cephaloridine,
Hypotension (<5%)
Gastric obstruction [2] colistin, gentamicin, kanamycin, neomycin,
Gastrointestinal disorder [2] Central Nervous System streptomycin, tobramycin, vancomycin
Hepatotoxicity [3] Anorexia (34%) [26]
TEICOPLANIN Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Pregnancy category: N/A (Not recommended DRESS syndrome [6] Hepatitis (exacerbation) (2%)
in pregnancy) Exanthems [6] Respiratory
Important contra-indications noted in the Pruritus (including anal pruritus) (53%) [14] Cough (7%)
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers Rash (56%) [38] Flu-like syndrome (7%)
Stevens-Johnson syndrome [3] Pharyngolaryngeal pain (5%)
Skin Toxic epidermal necrolysis [2] Upper respiratory tract infection (>5%)
DRESS syndrome [3] Toxicity [2]
Endocrine/Metabolic
Erythema (<10%) Central Nervous System Acidosis [2]
Exanthems [2] Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (10%) ALT increased (3%)
Hypersensitivity [3] Neuromuscular/Skeletal Creatine phosphokinase increased [5]
Pruritus (<10%) Asthenia (fatigue) (56%) [4]
Rash (<10%) [4] Hematologic
Red man syndrome [3] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Neutropenia (2%)
Urticaria [2] Anorectal discomfort (11%)
Diarrhea (26%) [2]
Fever (<10%)
Hemorrhoids (12%)
Hepatotoxicity [5]
TELMISARTAN
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Nausea (39%) [4] Trade name: Micardis (Boehringer Ingelheim)
Hepatotoxicity (2%) [2] Vomiting (13%) Indications: Hypertension
Renal Renal Class: Angiotensin II receptor antagonist
Nephrotoxicity [2] Nephrotoxicity [3] (blocker), Antihypertensive
Hematologic Hematologic Half-life: 24 hours
Neutropenia [2] Anemia [36] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Neutropenia [6] interactions with: ramipril
Otic Pregnancy category: D (category C in first
Ototoxicity [2] Thrombocytopenia [6]
trimester; category D in second and third
Other Other trimesters)
Adverse effects [2] Adverse effects [19] Important contra-indications noted in the
Infection [4] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
pediatric patients
Warning: FETAL TOXICITY
TELAPREVIR TELBIVUDINE
Trade name: Incivek (Vertex) Skin
Indications: Hepatitis C (must only be used in Trade names: Sebvio (Novartis), Tyzeka Angioedema [2]
combination with PEG-interferon alfa and (Novartis) Peripheral edema [2]
ribavirin) Indications: Hepatitis B (chronic)
Class: Nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase Cardiovascular
Class: CYP3A4 inhibitor, Direct-acting antiviral, Hypotension [2]
Hepatitis C virus NS3/4A protease inhibitor inhibitor
Half-life: 4–11 hours Half-life: ~15 hours Central Nervous System
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Clinically important, potentially hazardous Headache [4]
interactions with: alfuzosin, alprazolam, interactions with: interferon alfa, PEG- Vertigo (dizziness) [5]
amiodarone, amlodipine, atazanavir, atorvastatin, interferon Neuromuscular/Skeletal
bepridil, bosentan, budesonide, carbamazepine, Pregnancy category: B Asthenia (fatigue) [4]
cisapride, dabigatran, darunavir, desipramine, Important contra-indications noted in the
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
dexamethasone, digoxin, dihydroergotamine, Enteropathy [2]
diltiazem, efavirenz, ergotamine, escitalopram, mothers; pediatric patients
estradiol, felodipine, flecainide, flibanserin, Respiratory
fluticasone propionate, fosamprenavir, Skin Cough [9]
itraconazole, ketoconazole, lidocaine, lomitapide, Pruritus (2%) Endocrine/Metabolic
lovastatin, methylergonovine, Rash (4%) Hyperkalemia [2]
methylprednisolone, midazolam, mifepristone, Cardiovascular
nicardipine, nisoldipine, olaparib, palbociclib, Arrhythmias [2]
phenobarbital, phenytoin, pimozide, ponatinib,
posaconazole, propafenone, quinidine, rifampin, Central Nervous System TEMAZEPAM
ritonavir, ruxolitinib, salmeterol, sildenafil, Fever (4%)
Headache (11%) Trade name: Restoril (Mallinckrodt)
simvastatin, sirolimus, St John’s wort, tacrolimus, Indications: Insomnia, anxiety
tadalafil, telithromycin, tenofovir disoproxil, Insomnia (3%)
Neurotoxicity [2] Class: Benzodiazepine
trazodone, triazolam, vardenafil, venetoclax, Half-life: 8–15 hours
verapamil, vorapaxar, voriconazole, warfarin, Peripheral neuropathy [2]
Vertigo (dizziness) (4%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
zolpidem interactions with: amprenavir,
Pregnancy category: X Neuromuscular/Skeletal chlorpheniramine, clarithromycin, efavirenz,
Important contra-indications noted in the Arthralgia (4%) esomeprazole, imatinib, mianserin, nelfinavir
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Asthenia (fatigue) (>5%) [2] Pregnancy category: X
mothers; pediatric patients Back pain (4%) Important contra-indications noted in the
Note: Must be used in combination with PEG- Myalgia/Myopathy (3%) [8] prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
interferon alfa and ribavirin (see separate entries). Gastrointestinal/Hepatic mothers; pediatric patients
Warning: SERIOUS SKIN REACTIONS Abdominal distension (3%)
Abdominal pain (12%) Skin
Skin Diarrhea [2] Dermatitis (<10%)
Dermatitis [2] Dyspepsia (3%)
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual TENOFOVIR ALAFENAMIDE
Diaphoresis (>10%) Nausea [7]

Rash (>10%) TEMSIROLIMUS Vomiting [2]
Mucosal Trade name: Torisel (Wyeth) Respiratory
Sialopenia (>10%) Indications: Renal cell carcinoma, other cancers Cough (26%) [3]
Sialorrhea (<10%) Class: Analog of sirolimus, Antineoplastic, mTOR Dyspnea [7]
Xerostomia (2%) inhibitor Pharyngitis (12%)
Other Half-life: 17 hours Pneumonia [2]
Adverse effects [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous Pneumonitis (36%) [11]
interactions with: ACE inhibitors, atazanavir, Rhinitis (10%)
BCG vaccine, benazepril, captopril, Upper respiratory tract infection (7%)
TEMOZOLOMIDE carbamazepine, clarithromycin, clozapine, Endocrine/Metabolic
conivaptan, cyclosporine, darunavir, dasatinib, ALT increased [4]
Trade name: Temodar (MSD) denosumab, dexamethasone, digoxin, enalapril, AST increased [2]
Indications: Anaplastic astrocytoma, newly fluconazole, fosinopril, grapefruit juice, Dehydration [2]
diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme concomitantly hypoglycemic agents, indinavir, itraconazole, Hypercholesterolemia [4]
with radiotherapy and then as maintenance ketoconazole, leflunomide, lisinopril, live and Hyperglycemia [14]
treatment inactive vaccines, macolide antibiotics, Hyperlipidemia [2]
Class: Alkylating agent, Antineoplastic natalizumab, nefazodone, nelfinavir, P- Hypertriglyceridemia [5]
Half-life: 1.8 hours glycoprotein inhibitors, phenobarbital, phenytoin, Hypokalemia [3]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous pimecrolimus, posaconazole, protease inhibitors, Hypophosphatemia [4]
interactions with: clozapine, digoxin, valproic quinapril, ramipril, rifabutin, rifampin, rifapentine, Serum creatinine increased [2]
acid ritonavir, saquinavir, St John’s wort, sunitinib, Genitourinary
Pregnancy category: D tacrolimus, telithromycin, tipranavir, trastuzumab, Urinary tract infection (15%)
Important contra-indications noted in the voriconazole
Pregnancy category: D Hematologic
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Anemia [10]
mothers; pediatric patients Important contra-indications noted in the
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Febrile neutropenia [3]
mothers; pediatric patients Hemorrhage [2]
Skin Note: Contra-indicated in patients with bilirubin Hemotoxicity [3]
Peripheral edema (11%) >1.5xULN. Immunosupression [2]
Pruritus (8%) Leukopenia [4]
Rash (8%) [7] Lymphopenia [4]
Toxicity [3] Skin Neutropenia [5]
Acneform eruption (10%) [4] Thrombocytopenia [16]
Hair Edema [2]
Alopecia [3] Exanthems [3] Ocular
Cardiovascular Hypersensitivity (9%) [3] Conjunctivitis (7%)
Thromboembolism [2] Pruritus (19%) [3] Other
Venous thromboembolism [2] Rash (47%) [14] Adverse effects [10]
Central Nervous System Toxicity [4] Death [2]
Anorexia [3] Xerosis (11%) Infection (20%) [5]
Cerebral hemorrhage [2] Nails
Fever [2] Nail disorder (14%)
Headache [3] Paronychia [2] TENOFOVIR
Paresthesias (9%) Mucosal
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Mucositis (30%) [12]
ALAFENAMIDE
Asthenia (fatigue) [14] Oral mucositis [2] Trade names: Descovy (Gilead), Vemlidy
Myalgia/Myopathy (5%) Stomatitis [17] (Gilead)
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Cardiovascular Indications: Hepatitis B
Constipation [2] Chest pain (16%) Class: Antiviral, Hepatitis B virus necleoside
Diarrhea [7] Hypertension (7%) [3] analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor
Gastrointestinal perforation [2] Central Nervous System Half-life: <1 hour
Hepatotoxicity [6] Anorexia (30%) [3] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Nausea [10] Chills (8%) interactions with: carbamazepine,
Vomiting [4] Depression (4%) oxcarbazepine, phenobarbital, phenytoin,
Endocrine/Metabolic Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (20%) [2] rifabutin, rifampin, rifapentine, St John’s wort
Mastodynia (6%) Fever (24%) Pregnancy category: N/A (No available data to
Headache (15%) inform drug-associated risk)
Hematologic Important contra-indications noted in the
Anemia [3] Insomnia (12%) [2]
Neurotoxicity [2] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Febrile neutropenia [2] pediatric patients
Hemotoxicity [6] Pain (28%)
Note: Descovy is tenofovir alafenamide and
Leukopenia [6] Neuromuscular/Skeletal emtricitabine. See also separate profile for
Lymphopenia [7] Arthralgia (18%) tenofovir alafenamide in combination with
Myelosuppression [3] Asthenia (fatigue) (30%) [21] cobicistat, elvitegravir and emtricitabine.
Neutropenia [11] Back pain (20%) Warning: LACTIC ACIDOSIS/SEVERE
Thrombocytopenia [12] Myalgia/Myopathy (8%) HEPATOMEGALY WITH STEATOSIS and POST
Other Gastrointestinal/Hepatic TREATMENT SEVERE ACUTE
Death [7] Abdominal pain (21%) EXACERBATION OF HEPATITIS B
Infection [5] Diarrhea [7]
TENOFOVIR ALAFENAMIDE See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Central Nervous System Anorexia (3%) Cardiovascular

Headache (9%) [5] Anxiety (6%) [2] Postural hypotension [2]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Depression (4–11%) Central Nervous System
Asthenia (fatigue) (6%) Fever (2–8%) Paresthesias (3%)
Back pain (5%) Headache (5–14%) [10] Vertigo (dizziness) [3]
Insomnia (3–5%) [2]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Neurotoxicity (3%) [6] Genitourinary
Abdominal pain (7%) Pain (7–13%) Priapism [2]
Nausea (5%) Peripheral neuropathy (<3%) Ocular
Respiratory Somnolence (drowsiness) [2] Floppy iris syndrome [2]
Cough (6%) Vertigo (dizziness) (<3%) [4]
Nasopharyngitis [4] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Upper respiratory tract infection [4] Arthralgia (5%) TERBINAFINE
Endocrine/Metabolic Asthenia (fatigue) (6–7%) [6]
ALT increased (8%) [2] Back pain (3–9%) Trade name: Lamisil (Novartis)
AST increased (3%) Bone or joint pain [4] Indications: Fungal infections of the skin and nails
Creatine phosphokinase increased (3%) Fractures [2] Class: Antifungal
Hyperamylasemia (3%) Myalgia/Myopathy (3%) [2] Half-life: ~36 hours
Hypercholesterolemia (4%) Osteomalacia [5] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Genitourinary Gastrointestinal/Hepatic interactions with: amitriptyline, amphotericin B,
Glycosuria (5%) Abdominal pain (4–7%) [2] atomoxetine, caffeine, carbamazepine,
Diarrhea (11%) [7] cimetidine, codeine, conivaptan, cyclosporine,
Other CYP2D6 substrates, desipramine, estrogens,
Dyspepsia (3–4%)
Adverse effects [2] fesoterodine, fluconazole, nebivolol,
Flatulence (3%)
Hepatic failure [2] progestogens, rifampin, rifapentine, saxagliptin,
Hepatotoxicity [3] tamoxifen, tamsulosin, tetrabenazine,
TENOFOVIR Nausea (8%) [10] thioridazine, tramadol, tricyclic antidepressants
Pancreatitis [5] Pregnancy category: B
DISOPROXIL Vomiting (4–5%) [5] Important contra-indications noted in the
Trade names: Atripla (Gilead), Complera Respiratory pediatric patients
(Gilead), Truvada (Gilead), Viread (Gilead) Nasopharyngitis [3]
Indications: HIV infection in combination with at Pneumonia (2–5%)
Upper respiratory tract infection [2] Skin
least two other antiretroviral agents
AGEP [24]
Class: Antiretroviral, Nucleoside analog reverse Endocrine/Metabolic Baboon syndrome (SDRIFE) [2]
transcriptase inhibitor Acidosis [3] Dermatitis (<10%)
Half-life: 12–18 hours ALT increased [3] Eczema [2]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Creatine phosphokinase increased [3] Erythema multiforme [9]
interactions with: acyclovir, adefovir, atazanavir, Hypokalemia [2] Erythroderma [2]
cidofovir, cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/ Hypophosphatemia [3] Exanthems [5]
tenofovir disoproxil, darunavir, didanosine, Weight loss (2%) Fixed eruption [3]
ganciclovir, high-fat foods, indinavir, ledipasvir &
Renal Hypersensitivity [3]
sofosbuvir, lopinavir, protease inhibitors, ritonavir,
Fanconi syndrome [26] Lichenoid eruption [2]
telaprevir, tipranavir, trospium, valacyclovir,
Nephrotoxicity [42] Lupus erythematosus [30]
valganciclovir
Proteinuria [4] Pityriasis rosea [2]
Renal failure [10] Pruritus (3%) [6]
Renal tubular necrosis [2] Psoriasis [15]
Other Pustules [3]
pediatric patients
Adverse effects [11] Rash (6%) [3]
Note: Atripla is tenofovir disoproxil, efavirenz
and emtricitabine; Complera is tenofovir
disoproxil, emtricitabine and rilpivirine; Truvada is
Urticaria [7]
tenofovir disoproxil and emtricitabine. See also TERAZOSIN Hair
separate profile for tenofovir disoproxil in
combination with cobicistat, elvitegravir and Trade name: Hytrin (AbbVie) Alopecia (<10%)
emtricitabine. Indications: Hypertension, benign prostatic Nails
Warning: LACTIC ACIDOSIS/SEVERE hypertrophy Onychocryptosis [2]
HEPATOMEGALY WITH STEATOSIS and POST Class: Adrenergic alpha-receptor antagonist
TREATMENT EXACERBATION OF HEPATITIS
Half-life: 12 hours Ageusia (taste loss) [17]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (3%) [8]
Skin interactions with: vardenafil Headache (13%)
Diaphoresis (3%) Pregnancy category: C
Rash (5–18%) [4] Abdominal pain (2%)
Skin Diarrhea (6%)
Stevens-Johnson syndrome [2] Edema (<10%) Dyspepsia (4%)
Cardiovascular Lichenoid eruption [2] Flatulence (2%)
Chest pain (3%) Peripheral edema (6%) Hepatotoxicity [11]
Central Nervous System Mucosal Nausea (3%)
Abnormal dreams [3] Xerostomia (<10%)
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual TERLIPRESSIN
Other Hair Pregnancy category: C

Adverse effects [3] Alopecia (10–13%) [15] Important contra-indications noted in the
Allergic reactions (<10%) Cardiovascular prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Side effects (3%) Hypertension (4%) [3] pediatric patients
Palpitation (2–3%) Warning: POTENTIAL RISK OF
OSTEOSARCOMA
TERBUTALINE Anxiety (3–4%)
Carpal tunnel syndrome (<3%) Skin
Trade names: Brethine (aaiPharma), Bricanyl Headache (19–22%) [4] Diaphoresis (2%)
(AstraZeneca) Paresthesias (9–10%) [3] Herpes zoster (3%)
Indications: Bronchospasm Peripheral neuropathy (<2%) [2] Rash (5%)
Class: Beta-2 adrenergic agonist, Bronchodilator, Cardiovascular
Tocolytic Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Asthenia (fatigue) [2] Angina (3%)
Half-life: 11–16 hours Hypertension (7%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Back pain (<3%) [2]
interactions with: alpha blockers, atomoxetine, Bone or joint pain (4–5%) Central Nervous System
beta blockers, betahistine, cannabinoids, Myalgia/Myopathy (3–4%) Anxiety (4%)
epinephrine, insulin aspart, insulin degludec, Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Depression (4%)
insulin detemir, insulin glargine, insulin glulisine, Abdominal distension (<2%) Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (<2%)
iobenguane, loop diuretics, MAO inhibitors, Abdominal pain (5–6%) Headache (8%) [8]
propranolol, sotalol, sympathomimetics, tricyclic Diarrhea (15–18%) [11] Insomnia (4–5%)
antidepressants, yohimbine Gastroenteritis (2–4%) Pain (21%)
Pregnancy category: C Hepatotoxicity [4] Paresthesias (<2%)
Important contra-indications noted in the Nausea (9–14%) [9] Syncope (3%)
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Vertigo (dizziness) (4–8%) [7]
Respiratory
pediatric patients
Bronchitis (5–8%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Warning: PROLONGED TOCOLYSIS
Influenza (9–12%) [2] Arthralgia (10%) [3]
Nasopharyngitis [2] Asthenia (fatigue) (9%)
Skin Sinusitis (4–6%) Bone tumor [2]
Diaphoresis (<10%) Upper respiratory tract infection (9%) Leg cramps (3%) [4]
Mucosal Endocrine/Metabolic Neck pain (3%)
Xerostomia (<10%) ALT increased (12–14%) [11] Pain in extremities [3]
Cardiovascular AST increased (2–3%)
GGT increased (3–5%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Arrhythmias [2] Constipation (5%)
Hypophosphatemia (mild) (18%)
Central Nervous System Weight loss (2–3%) Diarrhea (5%)
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (<10%) Dyspepsia (5%)
Tremor [2] Genitourinary Gastritis (2–7%)
Cystitis (2–4%) Nausea (9–14%) [8]
Nausea [2] Renal Vomiting (3%)
Renal failure [2] Respiratory
Other
Side effects [2] Hematologic Cough (6%)
Immunosupression (10–15%) Dyspnea (4–6%)
Leukopenia (<2%) [2] Pharyngitis (6%)
Lymphopenia [3] Pneumonia (4–6%)
TERIFLUNOMIDE Neutropenia (2–4%) [4] Rhinitis (10%)
Trade name: Aubagio (Sanofi-Aventis) Ocular Endocrine/Metabolic
Indications: Relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis Conjunctivitis (<3%) Hypercalcemia [6]
Class: Pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor Vision blurred (3%) Local
Half-life: N/A Other Injection-site pain (<2%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Adverse effects [4] Other
interactions with: alosetron, caffeine, Allergic reactions (2–3%) Adverse effects [4]
duloxetine, ethinylestradiol, leflunomide, live Infection [5] Tooth disorder (2%)
vaccines, oral contraceptives, paclitaxel, Side effects [2]
pioglitazone, repaglinide, rosiglitazone, Toothache (4%)
theophylline, tizanidine, warfarin
Pregnancy category: X TERLIPRESSIN
TERIPARATIDE Trade names: Glypressin (IS Pharma),
mothers; pediatric patients Terlipressin (Ferring) (Bissendorf Peptide)
Trade name: Forteo (Lilly) Indications: Esophageal variceal hemorrhage
Warning: HEPATOTOXICITY and RISK OF
Indications: Osteoporosis in postmenopausal Class: Vasopressin agonist
TERATOGENICITY
women and men at increased risk of fractures Half-life: 50–70 minutes
Class: Parathyroid hormone analog Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Skin Half-life: 1 hour interactions with: none known
Acneform eruption (<3%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous Pregnancy category: N/A (Contra-indicated in
Burning (2–3%) interactions with: alcohol, digoxin pregnancy)
Herpes (oral) (2–4%)
Pruritus (3–4%)
TERLIPRESSIN Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Skin Application-site pruritus (37%) colestipol, corticosteroids, coumarins, dairy

Gangrene [2] Application-site vesicles (6%) products, dicloxacillin, didanosine, digoxin,
Necrosis [12] Injection-site pain [2] ergotamine, food, gliclazide, isotretinoin, kaolin,
Cardiovascular Other methicillin, methotrexate, methoxyflurane,
Myocardial infarction [3] Adverse effects [3] methysergide, mezlocillin, nafcillin, oral iron, oral
QT prolongation [2] typhoid vaccine, oxacillin, penicillins, phenindione,
Torsades de pointes [2] piperacillin, quinapril, retinoids, rocuronium,
sodium picosulfate, strontium ranelate, sucralfate,
Central Nervous System TETRACAINE & sulfonylureas, ticarcillin, tripotassium
Seizures [3] dicitratobismuthate, vitamin A, zinc
OXYMETAZOLINE Pregnancy category: D
Rhabdomyolysis [3] Trade name: Kovanaze (St Renatus)
Endocrine/Metabolic Indications: Regional anesthesia in restorative Skin
Hyponatremia [8] dentistry Acneform eruption [2]
Class: Alpha adrenoceptor agonist Angioedema [2]
Other
(oxymetazoline), Anesthetic, local (tetracaine) Candidiasis [2]
Adverse effects [2]
Half-life: <2 hours Erythema multiforme [7]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Exanthems [3]
interactions with: beta blockers, MAO Exfoliative dermatitis [2]
TESTOSTERONE inhibitors, other intranasal products, tricyclic Fixed eruption (15%) [43]
antidepressants Hypersensitivity [2]
Trade names: Androderm (Actavis), AndroGel Pregnancy category: N/A (Insufficient evidence Jarisch–Herxheimer reaction [3]
(AbbVie), Delatestryl (Endo), Fortesta (Endo), to inform drug-associated risk) Lichenoid eruption [3]
Natesto (Endo), Testim (Auxilium) Important contra-indications noted in the Lupus erythematosus [6]
Indications: Androgen replacement, prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Photosensitivity (<10%) [12]
hypogonadism, postpartum breast pain mothers; pediatric patients Phototoxicity [4]
Class: Androgen Note: For intranasal use only. See separate entry Pigmentation [4]
Half-life: 10–100 minutes for oxymetazoline as topical formulation. Psoriasis (exacerbation) [2]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Stevens-Johnson syndrome [4]
interactions with: acarbose, anisindione, Toxic epidermal necrolysis [13]
anticoagulants, cyclosporine, dicumarol, Mucosal
Urticaria [5]
metformin, saxagliptin, sitagliptin, warfarin Epistaxis (nosebleed) (2%)
Pregnancy category: N/A (Contra-indicated in Mucosal ulceration (2–3%) Nails
Nasal congestion (32%) [3] Onycholysis [5]
pregnancy)
Nasal discomfort (26%) Photo-onycholysis [9]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Nasal dryness (2%) Central Nervous System
pediatric patients Oropharyngeal pain (14%) Pseudotumor cerebri [6]
Note: Contra-indicated in men with carcinoma of Rhinorrhea (52%) [3]
the breast or known or suspected carcinoma of Cardiovascular Diarrhea [2]
the prostate. Blood pressure variations (3–5%) Hepatotoxicity [2]
Warning: SECONDARY EXPOSURE TO Bradycardia (3%) Pancreatitis [3]
TESTOSTERONE Hypertension (3%)
Genitourinary
Central Nervous System Vaginitis [3]
Skin Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (8%)
Acneform eruption (>10%) [20] Headache (10%) Other
Carcinoma [2] Hypoesthesia (intranasal and pharyngeal) Adverse effects [4]
Dermatitis (4%) [2] (10%) Tooth pigmentation (commonly in under 8-
Edema (<10%) Sensory disturbances (2%) year-olds) (>10%) [13]
Flushing (<10%) Vertigo (dizziness) (3%)
Rash (2%) Ocular
Hair Lacrimation (13%) THALIDOMIDE
Alopecia [3] Other
Hirsutism (<10%) [12] Trade name: Thalomid (Celgene)
Sneezing (4%) Indications: Graft-versus-host reactions,
Cardiovascular recalcitrant aphthous stomatitis
Cardiotoxicity [2] Class: Immunosuppressant, TNF modulator
Myocardial infarction [3] TETRACYCLINE Half-life: 5–7 hours
Endocrine/Metabolic Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Gynecomastia [2] Trade names: Helidac (Prometheus), Sumycin interactions with: alcohol, amiodarone,
Mastodynia (>10%) (Par) antihistamines, antipsychotics, bortezomib,
Indications: Various infections caused by calcium channel blockers, carbamazepine,
Genitourinary
susceptible organisms cimetidine, cisplatin, CNS depressants, digoxin,
Priapism (>10%) [10]
Class: Antibiotic, tetracycline disulfiram, docetaxel, famotidine, griseofulvin,
Hematologic Half-life: 6–11 hours lithium, metronidazole, modafinil, opioids,
Thrombosis [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous paclitaxel, penicillins, phenytoin, rifabutin,
Local interactions with: ACE inhibitors, acitretin, rifampin, St John’s wort, succinylcholine,
Application-site bullae (12%) aluminum, amoxicillin, ampicillin, antacids, vincristine
Application-site burning (3%) atovaquone, atovaquone/proguanil, bacampicillin,
Application-site erythema (7%) betamethasone, bismuth, bromelain, calcium
Application-site induration (3%) salts, carbenicillin, cholestyramine, cloxacillin,
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual TIAGABINE
Pregnancy category: X Pancreatitis [2] Skin

Important contra-indications noted in the Respiratory Dermatitis [3]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Dyspnea (42%) Erythema multiforme [3]
pediatric patients Pharyngitis (4–8%) Exanthems (>5%) [4]
Note: Thalidomide is a potent teratogen, an Pneumonia [2] Fixed eruption [2]
agent that causes congenital malformations and Rhinitis (4%) Rash (<10%)
developmental abnormalities if introduced during Sinusitis (3–8%) Sjögren’s syndrome [3]
gestation. Some of these teratogenic side effects Stevens-Johnson syndrome (<10%)
of thalidomide include fetal limb growth Endocrine/Metabolic Toxic epidermal necrolysis [2]
retardation (arms, legs, hands, feet), ingrown Amenorrhea [6] Urticaria (<5%)
genitalia, absence of lung, partial/total loss of Gynecomastia [2]
Weight gain (22%) Central Nervous System
hearing or sight, malformed digestive tract, heart, Vertigo (dizziness) [3]
kidney, and stillborn infant. Weight loss (23%)
Warning: FETAL RISK AND VENOUS Genitourinary Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
THROMBOEMBOLIC EVENTS Erectile dysfunction [2] Abdominal pain [2]
Impotence (38%) Nausea [2]
Skin Leukorrhea (17–35%)
Bullous dermatitis (5%) Hematologic
Dermatitis [2] Anemia (6–13%) [5] TIAGABINE
Diaphoresis (13%) Neutropenia (31%) [9]
Edema (57%) [11] Thrombocytopenia [6] Trade name: Gabitril (Cephalon)
Erythema [2] Thrombosis [13] Indications: Partial seizures
Erythema nodosum [2] Class: Anticonvulsant, Mood stabilizer
Other Half-life: 7–9 hours
Erythroderma [2] Adverse effects [8]
Exanthems [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Death [2] interactions with: alcohol, antipsychotics,
Exfoliative dermatitis [4] Infection (6–8%) [6]
Facial erythema (<5%) [2] carbamazepine, chloroquine, conivaptan,
Teratogenicity [6] CYP3A4 inhibitors and inducers, dasatinib,
Hypersensitivity [3] Toothache (4%)
Peripheral edema (3–8%) [4] deferasirox, droperidol, hydroxychloroquine,
Pruritus (3–8%) [3] ketorolac, levomepromazine, MAO inhibitors,
Psoriasis [2] mefloquine, orlistat, phenobarbital, phenytoin,
Purpura [2] THALLIUM SSRIs, St John’s wort, tricyclic antidepressants
Rash (11–50%) [25] Pregnancy category: C
Stevens-Johnson syndrome [3] Indications: For diagnostic use in myocardial Important contra-indications noted in the
Toxic epidermal necrolysis [4] perfusion imaging prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Urticaria (3%) [2] Class: Radioactive element mothers; pediatric patients
Vasculitis [2] Half-life: 73.1 hours
Xerosis (21%) [5] Clinically important, potentially hazardous Skin
interactions with: none known Ecchymoses (<6%)
Mucosal Pregnancy category: C
Oral candidiasis (4–11%) Pruritus (2%)
Xerostomia (8%) [9] Rash (5%) [2]
Hair Cardiovascular
Cardiovascular Alopecia [11]
Bradycardia [5] Vasodilation (2%)
Cardiotoxicity [2] Nails Central Nervous System
Hypotension (16%) Leukonychia (Mees’ lines) [2] Confusion (5%)
Thromboembolism [2] Cardiovascular Depression (<7%) [4]
Venous thromboembolism [5] Tachycardia [3] Emotional lability (3%)
Central Nervous System Central Nervous System Gait instability (3–5%)
Agitation (9–26%) Encephalopathy [5] Headache [8]
Fever (19–23%) [2] Peripheral neuropathy [5] Hostility (2–5%)
Hyperesthesia [2] Impaired concentration (6–14%) [2]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Insomnia (5–6%)
Insomnia (9%)
Abdominal pain [5] Nervousness (10–14%) [10]
Neurotoxicity (22%) [24]
Paresthesias (6–16%) [8] Other Pain (2–7%)
Parkinsonism [2] Death [2] Paresthesias (4%)
Peripheral neuropathy [28] Seizures [4]
Somnolence (drowsiness) (36%) [13] Somnolence (drowsiness) (18–21%) [9]
Tremor (4–26%) [6] THIABENDAZOLE Speech disorder (4%)
Vertigo (dizziness) (4–20%) [16] Status epilepticus (non-convulsive) [17]
Synonym: tiabendazole Syncope [2]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Tremor (9–21%) [7]
Arthralgia (13%) Indications: Various infections caused by
susceptible helminths Vertigo (dizziness) (27–31%) [22]
Myalgia/Myopathy (7%) Class: Anthelmintic, Antibiotic, imidazole Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Half-life: 1.2 hours Asthenia (fatigue) (18–23%) [16]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Clinically important, potentially hazardous Ataxia (5–9%)
Abdominal pain (3%) interactions with: none known Dystonia [5]
Constipation [13] Pregnancy category: C Myalgia/Myopathy (2–5%)
Diarrhea (4–19%)
Flatulence (8%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Hepatotoxicity [4] Abdominal pain (5–7%)
TIAGABINE See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Diarrhea (2–10%) Hematologic

Nausea (11%) [7] Bleeding (12%) [14] TIOTROPIUM
Vomiting (7%) Other Trade names: Spiriva (Boehringer Ingelheim),
Respiratory Adverse effects [2] Stiolto Respimat (Boehringer Ingelheim)
Cough (4%) Indications: Bronchospasm (associated with
Flu-like syndrome (6–9%) COPD)
Pharyngitis (7–8%)
TINZAPARIN Class: Anticholinergic, Muscarinic antagonist
Endocrine/Metabolic Half-life: 5–6 days
Appetite increased (2%) Trade name: Innohep (Leo Pharma) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Genitourinary Indications: Acute symptomatic deep vein interactions with: acetylcholinesterase
Urinary tract infection (<5%) thrombosis inhibitors, anticholinergics, antihistamines,
Class: Anticoagulant, Heparin, low molecular botulinum toxin (A & B), cannabinoids,
Ocular weight conivaptan, disopyramide, domperidone,
Amblyopia (4–9%) Half-life: 3–4 hours haloperidol, ketoconazole, levodopa, MAO
Nystagmus (2%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous inhibitors, memantine, metoclopramide,
Other interactions with: aliskiren, angiotensin II nefopam, parasympathomimetics, PEG-
Adverse effects [6] recepton antagonists, aspirin, butabarbital, interferon, phenothiazines, potassium chloride,
Infection (10–19%) [3] clopidogrel, collagenase, dasatinib, dextran, pramlintide, secretin, sublingual nitrates, tricyclic
diclofenac, dipyridamole, drotrecogin alfa, antidepressants
glyceryl trinitrate, ibritumomab, iloprost, Pregnancy category: C
TICAGRELOR ketorolac, NSAIDs, oral anticoagulants, pentosan,
pentoxifylline, platelet inhibitors, prostacyclin
Trade name: Brilinta (AstraZeneca) analogues, salicylates, sulfinpyrazone, pediatric patients
Indications: Thrombotic cardiovascular events throbolytics, ticlopidine, tositumomab & iodine131 Note: Stiolto Respimat is tiotropium and
Class: Antiplatelet, Antiplatelet, cyclopentyl Pregnancy category: B olodaterol.
triazolo-pyrimidine (CPTP) Important contra-indications noted in the
Half-life: 7 hours prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Skin
Clinically important, potentially hazardous mothers; pediatric patients Candidiasis (4%)
interactions with: atazanavir, carbamazepine, Warning: SPINAL / EPIDURAL HEMATOMAS Edema (5%)
clarithromycin, dexamethasone, digoxin, Herpes zoster (<3%)
efavirenz, indinavir, itraconazole, ketoconazole, Skin Rash (4%)
lovastatin, nefazodone, nelfinavir, phenobarbital, Bullous dermatitis (<10%) Mucosal
phenytoin, rifampin, ritonavir, saquinavir, Pruritus (<10%) Epistaxis (nosebleed) (4%)
simvastatin, telithromycin, venetoclax, Mucosal Oral candidiasis [2]
voriconazole Epistaxis (nosebleed) (2%) Stomatitis (<3%)
Pregnancy category: C Xerostomia (10–16%) [22]
Important contra-indications noted in the Cardiovascular
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Chest pain (2%) Cardiovascular
pediatric patients Central Nervous System Angina (<3%)
Note: Maintenance doses of aspirin above 100 Fever (2%) Cardiotoxicity [2]
mg reduce the effectiveness of ticagrelor and Headache (2%) Chest pain (7%) [2]
should be avoided. Contra-indicated in patients Pain (2%) Hypertension [2]
with a history of intracranial hemorrhage, or Neuromuscular/Skeletal Central Nervous System
active pathological bleeding, and in patients with Back pain (2%) Depression (<3%)
severe hepatic impairment. Headache [6]
Warning: BLEEDING RISK Respiratory Paresthesias (<3%)
Pulmonary embolism (2%) Vertigo (dizziness) [2]
Cardiovascular Endocrine/Metabolic Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Atrial fibrillation (4%) ALT increased (13%) Arthralgia (>3%)
Bradycardia [2] AST increased (9%) Back pain [4]
Chest pain (3–4%) Genitourinary Bone or joint pain (<3%)
Hypertension (4%) Urinary tract infection (4%) Leg pain (<3%)
Hypotension (3%) Myalgia/Myopathy (4%)
Hematologic
Ventricular arrhythmia [7] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Bleeding [4]
Central Nervous System Hemorrhage (2%) Abdominal pain (5%)
Headache (7%) Constipation (4%) [2]
Local
Vertigo (dizziness) (5%) Diarrhea [3]
Injection-site hematoma (16%)
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Dyspepsia (6%)
Asthenia (fatigue) (3%) Gastroesophageal reflux (<3%)
Back pain (4%) Vomiting (4%)
Rhabdomyolysis [4] Respiratory
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Asthma [4]
Diarrhea (4%) Bronchitis [4]
Nausea (4%) COPD (exacerbation) [5]
Cough (>3%) [8]
Respiratory Dysphonia (<3%)
Cough (5%) Dyspnea [4]
Dyspnea (14%) [19] Flu-like syndrome (>3%)
Pneumonitis [2] Influenza [3]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual TOBRAMYCIN
Laryngitis (<3%) syndrome.

Nasopharyngitis [11] Tipranavir is co-administered with ritonavir. TIZANIDINE
Pharyngitis (9%) Contra-indicated in patients with moderate or
Pneumonia [3] severe (Child-Pugh Class B or C) hepatic Trade name: Zanaflex (Acorda)
Rhinitis (6%) [3] impairment. Indications: Muscle spasticity, multiple sclerosis
Sinusitis (11%) Warning: HEPATOTOXICITY and Class: Adrenergic alpha2-receptor agonist
Upper respiratory tract infection (41%) [4] INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGE Half-life: 2.5 hours
Endocrine/Metabolic interactions with: acebutolol, alfuzosin,
Hypercholesterolemia (<3%) Skin benazepril, captopril, cilazapril, ciprofloxacin,
Hyperglycemia (<3%) Exanthems (<2%) enalapril, fluvoxamine, fosinopril, irbesartan,
Genitourinary Herpes simplex (<2%) lisinopril, norfloxacin, obeticholic acid,
Urinary tract infection (7%) Herpes zoster (<2%) olmesartan, phenytoin, quinapril, ramipril,
Hypersensitivity (<2%) rofecoxib, teriflunomide, trandolapril
Ocular Lipoatrophy (<2%)
Cataract (<3%) Pregnancy category: C
Lipodystrophy (<2%) Important contra-indications noted in the
Other Lipohypertrophy (<2%) prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; pediatric
Adverse effects [13] Pruritus (<2%) patients
Allergic reactions (<3%) Rash (3%) [2]
Death [7] Central Nervous System
Infection (4%) Skin
Anorexia (<2%) Pallor [2]
Depression (2%) Pruritus (<10%)
Fever (14%) Rash (<10%)
TIPRANAVIR Headache (5%)
Mucosal
Insomnia (2%)
Trade name: Aptivus (Boehringer Ingelheim) Intracranial hemorrhage (<2%) [3] Xerostomia (49–88%) [14]
Indications: Antiretroviral treatment of HIV-1 Neurotoxicity (<2%) Cardiovascular
Class: HIV-1 protease inhibitor, Sulfonamide Peripheral neuropathy (2%) Bradycardia (<10%) [5]
Half-life: 4.8–6.0 hours Sleep related disorder (<2%) Hypotension (16–33%) [3]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Somnolence (drowsiness) (<2%) Central Nervous System
interactions with: abacavir, alcohol, alfuzosin, Vertigo (dizziness) (<2%) Dyskinesia (3%)
alprazolam, amiodarone, antacids, antifungals, Neuromuscular/Skeletal Nervousness (3%)
apixaban, artemether/lumefantrine, atazanavir, Asthenia (fatigue) (2%) Somnolence (drowsiness) (48–92%) [4]
atomoxetine, atorvastatin, bepridil, bosentan, Cramps (<2%) Speech disorder (3%)
buprenorphine, calcium channel blockers, Myalgia/Myopathy (2%) Tremor (<10%)
carbamazepine, cisapride, clarithromycin, Vertigo (dizziness) (41–45%) [3]
codeine, conivaptan, copanlisib, corticosteroids, Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
cyclosporine, CYP2D6 substrates, CYP3A4 Abdominal distension (<2%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal
inducers, dabigatran, darifenacin, deferasirox, Abdominal pain (6%) Asthenia (fatigue) (41–78%) [5]
delavirdine, didanosine, digoxin, Dyspepsia (<2%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
dihydroergotamine, disulfiram, efavirenz, elbasvir Flatulence (<2%) Constipation (4%)
& grazoprevir, eluxadoline, enfuvirtide, Gastroesophageal reflux (<2%) Hepatotoxicity (6%) [4]
eplerenone, ergotamine, esomeprazole, estradiol, Hepatic failure (<2%) Vomiting (3%)
estrogens, etravirine, fesoterodine, flecainide, Hepatitis (<2%)
Hepatotoxicity [4] Respiratory
fluconazole, fosamprenavir, fusidic acid, garlic,
Nausea (9%) Flu-like syndrome (3%)
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, lopinavir,
Pancreatitis (<2%) Pharyngitis (3%)
lovastatin, meperidine, methadone, metoprolol,
Vomiting (6%) Rhinitis (3%)
metronidazole, midazolam, midostaurin,
nebivolol, nefazodone, neratinib, omeprazole, P- Respiratory Genitourinary
glycoprotein substrates, pantoprazole, Dyspnea (2%) Urinary frequency (3%)
phenobarbital, phenytoin, pimozide, Flu-like syndrome (<2%) Urinary tract infection (10%)
propafenone, protease inhibitors, proton pump Endocrine/Metabolic Ocular
inhibitors, quetiapine, quinidine, quinine, ALT increased (2%) [2] Amblyopia (3%)
raltegravir, ranolazine, rifabutin, rifampin, Appetite decreased (<2%) Other
rilpivirine, rivaroxaban, rosuvastatin, salmeterol, Dehydration (2%) Infection (6%)
saquinavir, sildenafil, simeprevir, simvastatin, Diabetes mellitus (<2%)
sirolimus, sofosbuvir, sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/ GGT increased (2%)
voxilaprevir, St John’s wort, tacrolimus, Hyperamylasemia (<2%)
tamoxifen, telithromycin, temsirolimus, tenofovir Hypercholesterolemia (<2%)
TOBRAMYCIN
disoproxil, tetrabenazine, theophylline, Hyperglycemia (<2%)
thioridazine, tramadol, trazodone, triazolam, Trade names: TOBI (Chiron), TobraDex (Alcon)
Hyperlipidemia (3%)
tricyclic antidepressants, valproic acid, vardenafil, Indications: Various serious infections caused by
Hypertriglyceridemia (4%) [2]
vitamin E, zidovudine susceptible organisms, superficial ocular infections
Weight loss (3%)
Pregnancy category: C Class: Antibiotic, aminoglycoside
Important contra-indications noted in the Hematologic Half-life: 2–3 hours
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Anemia (3%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
mothers; pediatric patients Neutropenia (2%) interactions with: adefovir, aldesleukin,
Note: Tipranavir is a sulfonamide and can be Thrombocytopenia (<2%) aminoglycosides, atracurium, bumetanide,
absorbed systemically. Sulfonamides can produce Other daptomycin, doxacurium, ethacrynic acid,
severe, possibly fatal, reactions such as toxic Adverse effects [3] furosemide, neuromuscular blockers,
epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson pancuronium, polypeptide antibiotics,
TOBRAMYCIN Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
rocuronium, succinylcholine, teicoplanin, Central Nervous System CYP3A4 inhibitors, fluconazole, ketoconazole,
torsemide, vecuronium Headache (7%) [7] live vaccines, potent immunosuppressives,
Pregnancy category: D (Category D for Neurotoxicity [2] rifampin, strong CYP inducers, strong CYP2C19
injection and inhalation; category B for ophthalmic Vertigo (dizziness) (3%) inhibitors, tacrolimus
use) Neuromuscular/Skeletal Pregnancy category: C
Important contra-indications noted in the Arthralgia [4] Important contra-indications noted in the
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Fractures [2] prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
mothers; pediatric patients mothers; pediatric patients
Note: Aminoglycosides may cause neurotoxicity Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Warning: SERIOUS INFECTIONS AND
and/or nephrotoxicity. Abdominal pain (2%) MALIGNANCY
TobraDex is tobramycin and dexamethasone. Diarrhea [2]
Gastroenteritis [6]
Gastrointestinal bleeding [3] Skin
Skin Gastrointestinal perforation [8] Erythema (<2%)
Exanthems [4] Gastrointestinal ulceration (<2%) Herpes zoster [10]
Hypersensitivity [3] Hepatotoxicity [16] Peripheral edema (<2%)
Rash [2] Nausea [3] Pruritus (<2%)
Central Nervous System Pancreatitis [2] Psoriasis [2]
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) [2] Rash (<2%) [3]
Respiratory
Fever [2] Bronchitis (3%) [6] Mucosal
Respiratory Cough (<2%) Nasal congestion (<2%)
Cough [3] Dyspnea (<2%) Cardiovascular
Renal Influenza [3] Cardiotoxicity [2]
Nephrotoxicity [6] Nasopharyngitis (7%) [7] Hypertension (2%)
Pharyngitis [4] Central Nervous System
Ocular Pneumonia [12]
Conjunctivitis [2] Fever (<2%)
Pneumothorax [2] Headache (3–4%) [10]
Eyelid dermatitis [2] Pulmonary toxicity [5]
Intraocular pressure increased [2] Insomnia (<2%)
Upper respiratory tract infection (7%) [11] Paresthesias (<2%)
Endocrine/Metabolic Neuromuscular/Skeletal
ALT increased (6%) [10]
TOCILIZUMAB AST increased [4]
Arthralgia (<2%)
Bone or joint pain (<2%)
Hypercholesterolemia [4] Tendinitis (<2%)
Trade name: Actemra (Roche) Hyperlipidemia [5]
Indications: Rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile Hypertriglyceridemia [2] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
idiopathic arthritis, Castleman’s disease Hypothyroidism (<2%) Abdominal pain (<2%) [2]
Class: Anti-interleukin-6 receptor monoclonal Weight gain (<2%) Diarrhea (3–4%) [9]
antibody, Disease-modifying antirheumatic drug Dyspepsia (<2%) [2]
(DMARD), Monoclonal antibody Genitourinary Gastritis (<2%)
Half-life: 8–14 days Urinary tract infection [3] Nausea (<2%) [4]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Renal Vomiting (<2%)
interactions with: efavirenz, fesoterodine, Nephrolithiasis (<2%) Respiratory
fingolimod, infliximab, lurasidone, paricalcitol, Pyelonephritis [3] Bronchitis [4]
pazopanib, typhoid vaccine, yellow fever vaccine Hematologic Cough (<2%)
Pregnancy category: N/A (Based on animal Dyspnea (<2%)
Hemotoxicity [2]
data, may cause fetal harm) Influenza [3]
Leukopenia (<2%) [5]
Important contra-indications noted in the Nasopharyngitis (3–4%) [11]
Lymphopenia [2]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Tuberculosis [4]
Neutropenia [20]
pediatric patients Upper respiratory tract infection (4–5%)
Sepsis [2]
Warning: RISK OF SERIOUS INFECTIONS [12]
Ocular
Conjunctivitis (<2%) Endocrine/Metabolic
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [5] Local
Infusion-related reactions [3] AST increased [3]
Cellulitis [9] Creatine phosphokinase increased [2]
Herpes zoster [8] Infusion-site reactions [2]
Dehydration (<2%)
Hypersensitivity [6] Other Hypercholesterolemia [2]
Malignancies [2] Adverse effects [12] Hyperlipidemia [2]
Peripheral edema (<2%) Death [5]
Psoriasis [3] Infection [39] Genitourinary
Rash (2%) [7] Urinary tract infection (2%) [5]
Urticaria [2] Hematologic
Anemia (<2%)
Mucosal TOFACITINIB Neutropenia [3]
Mucosal ulceration [2]
Oral ulceration (2%) Trade name: Xeljanz (Pfizer) Other
Stomatitis (<2%) Indications: Rheumatoid arthritis Adverse effects [8]
Cardiovascular Class: Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor Death [2]
Cardiotoxicity [3] Half-life: ~3 hours Infection (20–22%) [14]
Hypertension (6%) [3] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
interactions with: azathioprine, biologic
disease-modifying antirheumatics, cyclosporine,
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual TOPOTECAN
Diaphoresis (2%) Myopia [9]

TOLTERODINE Edema (2%) Uveitis [5]
Fixed eruption [2] Vision loss [3]
Trade name: Detrol (Pharmacia & Upjohn) Flushing (>5%)
Indications: Urinary incontinence Other
Hot flashes (<10%) Adverse effects [11]
Class: Muscarinic antagonist Hypohidrosis [2]
Half-life: 2–4 hours Death [2]
Palmar erythema [2] Infection (>5%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Pruritus (2%) [3]
interactions with: itraconazole, ketoconazole, Side effects [3]
Rash (4%) [3] Teratogenicity [8]
lopinavir, nelfinavir, sotalol, voriconazole, warfarin
Pregnancy category: C Hair
Important contra-indications noted in the Alopecia [2]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Mucosal TOPOTECAN
pediatric patients Gingival hyperplasia/hypertrophy [2]
Gingivitis (2%) Trade name: Hycamtin (GSK)
Skin Xerostomia (3%) [6] Indications: Metastatic ovarian carcinoma
Erythema (2%) Cardiovascular Class: Antineoplastic, Topoisomerase 1 inhibitor
Rash (2%) Tachycardia [4] Half-life: 3–6 hours
Mucosal Central Nervous System interactions with: atorvastatin, darunavir,
Xerostomia (35%) [38] Anorexia (>5%) [4] gefitinib, lapatinib, oxaliplatin, pantoprazole,
Cardiovascular Anxiety [3] safinamide, sofosbuvir & velpatasvir
Chest pain (2%) Cognitive impairment (>5%) [17] Pregnancy category: D
Confusion (>5%) Important contra-indications noted in the
Central Nervous System Depression [11] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Headache (7%) [4] Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (>5%) [10] pediatric patients
Somnolence (drowsiness) (3%) Encephalopathy [4] Warning: BONE MARROW SUPPRESSION
Vertigo (dizziness) (5%) [4] Fever (>5%)
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Headache [2]
Arthralgia (2%) Hyperthermia [3] Hair
Impaired concentration [4] Alopecia (59%) [7]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Insomnia [8] Mucosal
Irritability [2] Mucositis [2]
Nervousness (>5%) Stomatitis (24%) [4]
Diarrhea (4%) Neurotoxicity [6] Central Nervous System
Dyspepsia (4%) Palinopsia [3] Fever [2]
Paresthesias (>5%) [36] Paresthesias (9%)
Respiratory Peripheral neuropathy [2]
Flu-like syndrome (3%) Psychosis [3] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Upper respiratory tract infection (6%) Seizures [3] Asthenia (fatigue) [9]
Genitourinary Somnambulism [2] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Dysuria (2%) Somnolence (drowsiness) (>5%) [7] Abdominal pain [2]
Suicidal ideation [2] Diarrhea [5]
Ocular
Tremor (>10%) Hepatotoxicity [3]
Vision blurred [3]
Vertigo (dizziness) (>5%) [14] Nausea [3]
Xerophthalmia (3%) [2]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Vomiting [4]
Other
Adverse effects [6]
Asthenia (fatigue) (>5%) [10] Respiratory
Ataxia [2] Dyspnea [3]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Renal
Constipation [6] Nephrotoxicity [2]
TOPIRAMATE Diarrhea [3] Hematologic
Nausea [5] Anemia [11]
Trade names: Qsymia (Vivus), Qudexy (Upsher-
Smith), Topamax (Janssen), Trokendi XR Respiratory Febrile neutropenia [5]
(Supernus) Flu-like syndrome (<2%) Granulocytopenia [2]
Indications: Partial onset seizures, migraine Endocrine/Metabolic Myelosuppression [2]
Class: Anticonvulsant, Mood stabilizer Acidosis [4] Neutropenia [16]
Half-life: 21 hours Appetite decreased [5] Thrombocytopenia [15]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Gynecomastia (8%) Other
interactions with: eslicarbazepine, Hyperammonemia [3] Adverse effects [2]
levonorgestrel, metformin, rufinamide, ulipristal, Mastodynia (3–9%) Death [5]
valproic acid Weight gain [2] Infection [2]
Pregnancy category: D Weight loss (>5%) [16]
Genitourinary
pediatric patients Erectile dysfunction [2]
Note: Qsymia is topiramate and phentermine. Renal
Nephrolithiasis [5]
Skin Ocular
Anhidrosis [2] Diplopia [2]
Bromhidrosis (2%) Glaucoma [16]
TOREMIFENE See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Angioedema [2]
TOREMIFENE Skin
Trade name: Fareston (ProStrakan) Urticaria (<10%)
Flushing [2]
Indications: Metastatic breast cancer Vasculitis [2]
Class: Selective estrogen receptor modulator Central Nervous System Peripheral edema [2]
(SERM) Headache (7%) Pruritus (<10%) [4]
Half-life: ~5 days Vertigo (dizziness) (3%) Rash (<5%) [2]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Urticaria (<18%)
interactions with: amoxapine, arsenic,
Arthralgia (2%) Mucosal
dolasetron, efavirenz, pazopanib, sugammadex,
Asthenia (fatigue) (2%) Xerostomia (10%) [5]
telavancin
Myalgia/Myopathy (2%)
Pregnancy category: D Cardiovascular
Important contra-indications noted in the Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Vasodilation (<5%)
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Constipation (2%)
pediatric patients Diarrhea (2%)
Anorexia (<5%)
Warning: QT PROLONGATION Dyspepsia (2%)
Anxiety (<5%)
Nausea (2%)
Catatonia [2]
Skin Respiratory Confusion (<5%)
Diaphoresis (20%) [6] Cough (2%) Euphoria (<5%)
Edema (5%) [2] Pharyngolaryngeal pain (2%) Fever [2]
Flushing [3] Rhinitis (3%) Headache [8]
Hot flashes (35%) [4] Endocrine/Metabolic Insomnia [3]
Cardiovascular Pseudoporphyria [2] Nervousness (<5%)
Thromboembolism [3] Restless legs syndrome [5]
Venous thromboembolism [2] Seizures [16]
Serotonin syndrome [17]
Central Nervous System TRAGACANTH GUM Sleep related disorder (<5%)
Headache [2] Somnolence (drowsiness) [7]
Vertigo (dizziness) [2] Family: Fabaceae; Leguminosae
Tremor (5–10%)
Scientific names: Astragalus gossypinus,
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Vertigo (dizziness) [18]
Astragalus gummifer
Hepatotoxicity [3] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Indications: Diarrhea. Ingredient in
Nausea [2] Asthenia (fatigue) (<5%) [3]
pharmaceuticals, foods, toothpaste, denture
Vomiting [2] Hypertonia (<5%)
adhesives, emulsifier, binding agent, demulcent,
Endocrine/Metabolic stabilizer Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
ALP increased [2] Class: Food additive, Laxative Abdominal pain (<5%) [3]
Galactorrhea (<10%) Half-life: N/A Constipation [8]
Genitourinary Clinically important, potentially hazardous Diarrhea [2]
Priapism (<10%) interactions with: none known Flatulence (<5%)
Vaginal bleeding [2] Pregnancy category: N/A Nausea [25]
Vaginal discharge [2] Note: See also Astragalus root. Vomiting [23]
Ocular Respiratory
Cataract [3] Apnea [2]
TRAMADOL Respiratory depression [2]
Endocrine/Metabolic
Trade names: Rybix ODT (Victory Pharma),
TORSEMIDE Ultracet (Ortho-McNeil), Ultram (Ortho-McNeil)
Adrenal insufficiency [2]
Hypoglycemia [8]
Indications: Pain
Trade names: Demadex (Roche), Torem Hyponatremia [3]
Class: Opiate agonist
(Roche) Half-life: 6–7 hours Genitourinary
Indications: Essential hypertension, edema due Clinically important, potentially hazardous Urinary frequency (<5%)
to congestive heart failure, hepatic, pulmonary or interactions with: alcohol, amitriptyline, Urinary retention (<5%)
renal edema carbamazepine, cinacalcet, citalopram,
Class: Diuretic, loop Otic
delavirdine, desflurane, desvenlafaxine, Hallucinations, auditory [2]
Half-life: 2–4 hours duloxetine, erythromycin, fluoxetine,
Clinically important, potentially hazardous fluvoxamine, ketoconazole, levomepromazine,
Ocular
interactions with: ACE inhibitors, amikacin, linezolid, lorcaserin, MAO inhibitors, nefazodone, Hallucinations, visual [3]
aminoglycosides, aminophylline, anti-diabetics, ondansetron, paroxetine hydrochloride, Mydriasis [2]
antihypertensives, cephalosporins, cisplatin, phenelzine, quinidine, risperidone, safinamide, Visual disturbances (<5%)
gentamicin, indomethacin, kanamycin, neomycin, tapentadol, terbinafine, tianeptine, tipranavir, Other
probenecid, salicylates, streptomycin, tobramycin tranylcypromine, venlafaxine, vilazodone, Adverse effects [8]
Pregnancy category: B zuclopenthixol Death [2]
Important contra-indications noted in the Pregnancy category: C
pediatric patients prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Note: Torsemide is a sulfonamide and can be mothers; pediatric patients
absorbed systemically. Sulfonamides can produce
severe, possibly fatal, reactions such as toxic
epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson Skin
syndrome. Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [2]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual TRANEXAMIC ACID
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic trandolapril and verapamil.

TRAMETINIB Abdominal pain (13%) Warning: FETAL TOXICITY
Black stools (13%)
Trade name: Mekinist (Novartis) Constipation [3]
Indications: Melanoma (unresectable or Skin
Diarrhea (43%) [19] Angioedema [3]
metastatic) in patients with BRAF V600E or Hepatotoxicity [2]
V600K mutations Edema (>3%)
Nausea [14]
Class: MEK inhibitor Vomiting [8] Mucosal
Half-life: 4–5 days Xerostomia (>3%)
Cough [2] Cardiovascular
interactions with: none known Bradycardia (5%)
Pregnancy category: D Pneumonitis (2%)
Cardiogenic shock (4%)
Important contra-indications noted in the Endocrine/Metabolic Hypotension (11%)
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; ALP increased (24%)
pediatric patients ALT increased (39%) [4] Central Nervous System
Appetite decreased [2] Hyperesthesia (>3%)
AST increased (60%) [5] Stroke (3%)
Skin Syncope (6%)
Acneform eruption (19%) [8] Hypoalbuminemia (42%)
Actinic keratoses [2] Genitourinary
Cellulitis (<10%) Hematuria (13%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Dermatitis (19%) [2] Vaginal bleeding (13%) Asthenia (fatigue) (3%)
Edema (32%) Myalgia/Myopathy (5%)
Hematologic
Erythema [2] Anemia (38%) [3] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Exanthems [2] Hemorrhage (13%) Dyspepsia (6%)
Folliculitis (<10%) Neutropenia [2] Gastritis (4%)
Hand–foot syndrome [2] Thrombocytopenia [3] Respiratory
Hyperkeratosis [3] Cough (35%) [5]
Keratosis pilaris [2] Ocular
Lymphedema (32%) Chorioretinopathy [3] Endocrine/Metabolic
Panniculitis [4] Conjunctival hemorrhage (13%) Creatine phosphokinase increased (5%)
Papillomas [2] Retinopathy [2] Hyperkalemia (5%)
Papulopustular eruption [2] Uveitis [2] Hypocalcemia (5%)
Peripheral edema (32%) [9] Vision blurred (<10%) [4]
Pruritus (10%) [4] Xerophthalmia (<10%)
Pustules (<10%) Other TRANEXAMIC ACID
Rash (57%) [18] Adverse effects [6]
Squamous cell carcinoma [4] Trade name: Cyklokapron (Pharmacia)
Toxicity (87%) [5] Indications: Fibrinolysis
Xerosis (11%) [3]
TRANDOLAPRIL Class: Antifibrinolytic
Half-life: 2 hours
Hair
Alopecia [4] Trade names: Mavik (AbbVie), Tarka (AbbVie) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Indications: Hypertension interactions with: none known
Nails Pregnancy category: B
Paronychia (10%) Class: Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)
inhibitor, Antihypertensive, Vasodilator
Mucosal Half-life: 6 hours Skin
Aphthous stomatitis (15%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous Fixed eruption [2]
Epistaxis (nosebleed) (13%) interactions with: alcohol, aldesleukin, aliskiren,
Gingival bleeding (13%) Central Nervous System
allopurinol, alpha blockers, amiloride, angiotensin Headache [3]
Mucosal inflammation (15%) II receptor antagonists, antacids, antidiabetics,
Oral ulceration (15%) Seizures [11]
antipsychotics, anxiolytics and hypnotics,
Rectal hemorrhage (13%) baclofen, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Stomatitis (15%) [2] clonidine, corticosteroids, cyclosporine, Abdominal pain [2]
Xerostomia (<10%) diazoxide, diuretics, estrogens, general Endocrine/Metabolic
Cardiovascular anesthetics, gold & gold compounds, heparins, Menstrual irregularities [3]
Bradycardia (<10%) hydralazine, insulin, levodopa, lithium, MAO Renal
Cardiomyopathy (7%) inhibitors, metformin, methyldopa, minoxidil, Nephrotoxicity [3]
Cardiotoxicity [6] moxisylyte, moxonidine, nitrates, nitroprusside,
Hypertension (15%) [7] NSAIDs, potassium salts, spironolactone, Other
sulfonylureas, tizanidine, triamterene, Adverse effects [2]
Chills [4] trimethoprim
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (<10%) Pregnancy category: D (category C in first
Fever [13] trimester; category D in second and third
Headache [5] trimesters)
Vertigo (dizziness) (<10%) Important contra-indications noted in the
Neuromuscular/Skeletal pediatric patients
Arthralgia [6] Note: Contra-indicated in patients with
Asthenia (fatigue) [16] hereditary/idiopathic angioedema and in patients
Rhabdomyolysis (<10%) with a history of angioedema related to previous
treatment with an ACE inhibitor. Tarka is
TRASTUZUMAB Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Pregnancy category: D

TRASTUZUMAB Arthralgia (6–8%) [4] Important contra-indications noted in the
Asthenia (fatigue) (5–47%) [19] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Trade name: Herceptin (Genentech) Back pain (5–22%) pediatric patients
Indications: Metastatic breast cancer Bone or joint pain (3–7%) Warning: HEPATOTOXICITY, CARDIAC
Class: Antineoplastic, HER2/neu receptor Muscle spasm (3%) TOXICITY, EMBRYO-FETAL TOXICITY
antagonist, Monoclonal antibody Myalgia/Myopathy (4%) [3]
Half-life: 2–16 days (dose dependent)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Skin
interactions with: abatacept, abciximab, Abdominal pain (2–22%) Hypersensitivity (2%)
alefacept, antineoplastics, azacitidine, Constipation (2%) Peripheral edema (7%)
betamethasone, cabazitaxel, denileukin, Diarrhea (7–25%) [32] Pruritus (6%)
docetaxel, doxorubicin, fingolimod, gefitinib, Dyspepsia (2%) Rash (12%)
immunosuppressants, leflunomide, lenalidomide, Hepatotoxicity [8] Telangiectasia [2]
oxaliplatin, paclitaxel, pazopanib, pemetrexed, Nausea (6–33%) [9] Mucosal
temsirolimus Vomiting (4–23%) [4] Epistaxis (nosebleed) (23%) [2]
Pregnancy category: D Respiratory Stomatitis (14%)
Important contra-indications noted in the Cough (5–26%) Xerostomia (17%)
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Dyspnea (3–22%) Cardiovascular
pediatric patients Flu-like syndrome (10%) [3] Cardiotoxicity [2]
Warning: CARDIOMYOPATHY, INFUSION Influenza (4%) Hypertension (5%)
REACTIONS, EMBRYO-FETAL TOXICITY, and Nasopharyngitis (8%)
PULMONARY TOXICITY Pharyngitis (12%) Central Nervous System
Pharyngolaryngeal pain (2%) Chills (8%)
Pneumonia [3] Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (8%)
Skin Fever (19%) [2]
Acneform eruption (2%) [4] Pneumonitis [2]
Pulmonary toxicity [4] Headache (28%) [4]
Edema (8%) Insomnia (12%)
Erythema [2] Rhinitis (2–14%)
Sinusitis (2–9%) Peripheral neuropathy (21%) [2]
Hand–foot syndrome [10] Vertigo (dizziness) (10%)
Herpes simplex (2%) Upper respiratory tract infection (3%)
Hypersensitivity [3] Endocrine/Metabolic Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Peripheral edema (5–10%) ALT increased [7] Arthralgia (19%) [3]
Photosensitivity [2] Appetite decreased [2] Asthenia (fatigue) (18–36%) [13]
Pruritus (2%) AST increased [3] Bone or joint pain (36%)
Radiation recall dermatitis [2] Hyperbilirubinemia [2] Myalgia/Myopathy (14%)
Rash (4–18%) [12] Hyperglycemia [4] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Toxicity [3] Genitourinary Abdominal pain (19%)
Hair Urinary tract infection (3–5%) Constipation (27%) [3]
Alopecia [6] Diarrhea (24%) [6]
Hematologic Dyspepsia (9%)
Nails Anemia (4%) [7] Hepatotoxicity [15]
Nail disorder (2%) Febrile neutropenia [16] Nausea (40%) [10]
Mucosal Leukopenia (3%) [11] Vomiting (19%)
Epistaxis (nosebleed) (2%) Neutropenia [33]
Thrombocytopenia [6] Respiratory
Mucositis [3] Cough (18%)
Stomatitis [5] Local Dyspnea (12%)
Cardiovascular Infusion-related reactions [4] Pneumonia [3]
Arrhythmias (3%) Injection-site reactions (21–40%) [6]
Endocrine/Metabolic
Cardiac disorder [4] Other ALP increased (5%)
Cardiac failure [4] Adverse effects [6] ALT increased (82%) [4]
Cardiomyopathy [2] Allergic reactions (3%) [2] AST increased (98%) [7]
Cardiotoxicity [28] Death [5] Hypokalemia (10%) [3]
Congestive heart failure (2–7%) [7] Infection (20%) [3]
Hypertension (4%) [3] Genitourinary
Myocardial toxicity [3] Urinary tract infection (9%)
Palpitation (3%) TRASTUZUMAB Hematologic
Tachycardia (5%) Anemia (14%) [7]
Central Nervous System EMTANSINE Febrile neutropenia [3]
Anorexia (14%) [4] Hemorrhage (32%) [2]
Chills (5–32%) [8] Synonym: T-DM1 Neutropenia (7%) [5]
Depression (6%) Trade name: Kadcyla (Genentech) Thrombocytopenia (31%) [25]
Fever (6–36%) [7] Indications: HER2-positive, metastatic breast Ocular
Headache (10–26%) [2] cancer in patients who previously received Conjunctivitis (4%)
Insomnia (14%) trastuzumab and a taxane, separately or in Lacrimation (3%)
Neurotoxicity [4] combination Vision blurred (5%)
Pain (47%) [2] Class: Antibody drug conjugate (ADC), HER2- Xerophthalmia (4%)
Paresthesias (2–9%) targeted antibody-drug conjugate
Half-life: 4 days
Other
Peripheral neuropathy [6] Adverse effects [5]
Vertigo (dizziness) (4–13%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Death [3]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual TRETINOIN
Photophobia (<4%)
TRAVOPROST Reduced visual acuity (5–10%) TRETINOIN
Subconjunctival hemorrhage (<4%)
Trade names: Izba (Alcon), Travatan (Alcon), Uveitis [5] Synonyms: all-trans-retinoic acid; ATRA
Travatan Z (Alcon) Vision blurred [2] Trade names: Aknemycin Plus (EM Industries),
Indications: Reduction of elevated intraocular Xerophthalmia (<4%) Renova (Ortho), Retin-A Micro (Ortho), Solage
pressure in open-angle glaucoma or ocular (Galderma), Vesanoid (Roche)
hypertension Other Indications: Acne vulgaris, skin aging, facial
Class: Prostaglandin analog Allergic reactions (<5%) roughness, fine wrinkles, hyperpigmentation [T],
Half-life: N/A Infection (<5%) acute promyelocytic leukemia [O]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Class: Antineoplastic, Retinoid
interactions with: none known Half-life: 0.5–2 hours
Pregnancy category: C TRAZODONE Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Important contra-indications noted in the interactions with: aldesleukin, bexarotene
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Trade names: Desyrel (Bristol-Myers Squibb), Pregnancy category: D (category B (topical),
pediatric patients Oleptro (Angelini) category C (oral), category D in third trimester)
Indications: Depression Important contra-indications noted in the
Cardiovascular Class: Antidepressant, tricyclic, Serotonin prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Angina (<5%) reuptake inhibitor pediatric patients
Bradycardia (<5%) Half-life: 3–6 hours Note: Oral retinoids can cause birth defects, and
Chest pain (<5%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous women should avoid tretinoin when pregnant or
Hypertension (<5%) [2] interactions with: amiodarone, amprenavir, trying to conceive. Avoid prolonged exposure to
Hypotension (<5%) atazanavir, boceprevir, citalopram, cobicistat/ sunlight.
elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide, [T] = Topical; [O] = Oral.
Central Nervous System cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir
Anxiety (<5%) disoproxil, darunavir, delavirdine, fluoxetine,
Depression (<5%) Skin
fluvoxamine, ginkgo biloba, indinavir, linezolid, Bullous dermatitis [2]
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) [3] lopinavir, MAO inhibitors, nefazodone, paroxetine
Headache (<5%) Burning [O][T] (10–40%) [20]
hydrochloride, sertraline, tapentadol, telaprevir, Cellulitis [O] (<10%)
Pain (<5%) tipranavir, venlafaxine Crusting [2]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Pregnancy category: C Dermatitis [7]
Arthralgia (<5%) Important contra-indications noted in the Desquamation (14%)
Back pain (<5%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Diaphoresis (20%)
pediatric patients Differentiation syndrome [O] (25%) [19]
Warning: SUICIDALITY IN CHILDREN AND Edema (29%) [8]
Dyspepsia (<5%)
ADOLESCENTS Erythema [O][T] (<49%) [19]
Gastrointestinal disorder (<5%)
Nausea [2] Erythema nodosum [4]
Respiratory Skin Exfoliative dermatitis [O] (8%) [3]
Edema (<10%) Facial edema [O] (<10%)
Bronchitis (<5%)
Exanthems [6] Flaking [O] (23%)
Flu-like syndrome (<5%)
Photosensitivity [2] Hyperkeratosis [O] (78%)
Sinusitis (<5%)
Psoriasis (exacerbation) [2] Hypomelanosis (5%) [2]
Endocrine/Metabolic Urticaria [3] Pallor [O] (<10%)
Hypercholesterolemia (<5%) Palmar–plantar desquamation [O] (<10%)
Hair
Genitourinary Alopecia [2] Peeling [4]
Prostatitis (<5%) Photosensitivity [O][T] (10%) [3]
Urinary incontinence (<5%)
Mucosal Pigmentation (5%) [3]
Xerostomia (>10%) [6] Pruritus [O][T] (5–40%) [14]
Urinary tract infection (<5%)
Ocular Cardiovascular Rash [O][T] (54%) [3]
Arrhythmias [2] Scaling (10–40%) [16]
Abnormal vision (<4%)
QT prolongation [2] Stinging (<26%) [8]
Blepharitis (<4%)
Central Nervous System Sweet’s syndrome [21]
Cataract (<4%)
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (>10%) Ulcerations (scrotal) [9]
Conjunctival hyperemia [10]
Headache [3] Vasculitis [2]
Conjunctivitis (<4%)
Sedation (>5%) Xerosis [O] (49–100%) [19]
Corneal staining (<4%)
Deepening of upper lid sulcus [7] Serotonin syndrome [7] Hair
Eyelashes – hypertrichosis [3] Somnolence (drowsiness) (>5%) [3] Alopecia areata [O] (14%)
Eyelid crusting (<4%) Tremor (<10%) Nails
Foreign body sensation (5–10%) Vertigo (dizziness) (>5%) [4] Pyogenic granuloma [3]
Iris pigmentation (<4%) [2] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Keratitis (<4%) Mucosal
Myalgia/Myopathy (<10%) Cheilitis [O] (10%)
Lacrimation (<4%)
Ocular adverse effects [4] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Xerostomia [O] (10%)
Ocular hemorrhage (35–50%) Constipation (>5%) Cardiovascular
Ocular hyperemia [7] Nausea [2] Phlebitis (11%)
Ocular inflammation (<4%) Genitourinary Central Nervous System
Ocular pain (5–10%) Priapism (12%) [23] Depression [O] (14%)
Ocular pigmentation (<5%) [4] Sexual dysfunction [2] Fever [O] [6]
Ocular pruritus (5–10%) [6] Ocular Headache [3]
Ocular stinging (5–10%) Vision blurred (>5%) Intracranial pressure increased [2]
TRETINOIN See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Pain [O] (37%)

Paresthesias [O] (17%) TRIFLURIDINE & TRIMETHOPRIM
Pseudotumor cerebri [O] [11]
Shivering [O] (63%) TIPIRACIL Trade names: Bactrim (Women First), Septra
Tremor [O] (<10%) (Monarch)
Trade name: Lonsurf (Monarch) Indications: Various urinary tract infections
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Indications: Metastatic colorectal cancer in caused by susceptible organisms, acute otitis
Arthralgia [O] (10%) [3] patients who have been previously treated with media in children, acute and chronic bronchitis
Bone or joint pain [O] (77%) [3] fluoropyrimidine-, oxaliplatin-and irinotecan- Class: Antibiotic
Myalgia/Myopathy (14%) [3] based chemotherapy, an anti-VEGF biological Half-life: 8–10 hours
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic therapy, and if RAS wild-type, an anti-EGFR Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Hepatotoxicity [3] therapy interactions with: ACE inhibitors, amantadine,
Pancreatitis [2] Class: Antineoplastic, Thymidine phosphorylase angiotensin II receptor antagonists, antidiabetics,
inhibitor, Thymidine-based nucleoside analogue azathioprine, benazepril, captopril, carvedilol,
Hematologic
Half-life: 2 hours cilazapril, conivaptan, coumarins, cyclosporine,
Hemorrhage [2]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous CYP2C8 substrates, CYP2C9 inhibitors, CYP3A4
Ocular interactions with: none known inducers, dapsone, deferasirox, digoxin,
Diplopia [2] Pregnancy category: N/A (Can cause fetal dofetilide, enalapril, eplerenone, fosinopril,
Ocular pigmentation [O] (<10%) harm) irbesartan, lamivudine, leucovorin,
Ocular pruritus [O] (10%) Important contra-indications noted in the levoleucovorin, lisinopril, memantine,
Xerophthalmia [O] (<10%) [2] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; mercaptopurine, metformin, methotrexate,
Local pediatric patients olmesartan, oral typhoid vaccine, PEG-interferon,
Injection-site reactions (17%) Note: See also separate entry for trifluridine. phenytoin, pioglitazone, pralatrexate,
Other procainamide, pyrimethamine, quinapril, ramipril,
Death [O] [2] Hair repaglinide, rifampin, sulfonylureas, trandolapril
Infection [O] (58%) Alopecia (7%) Pregnancy category: C
Mucosal
Stomatitis (8%)
Note: Although trimethoprim has been known to
TRIAMTERENE Central Nervous System elicit occasional adverse reactions by itself, it is
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (7%) most commonly used in conjunction with
Trade names: Dyazide (GSK), Dyrenium Fever (19%) sulfamethoxazole (co-trimoxazole - see separate
(Concordia) entry).
Indications: Edema
Class: Diuretic, potassium-sparing
Half-life: 1–2 hours Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Skin
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Abdominal pain (21%) [2] DRESS syndrome [2]
interactions with: ACE inhibitors, acemetacin, Diarrhea (32%) [2] Fixed eruption [6]
benazepril, captopril, cyclosporine, enalapril, Nausea (48%) [3] Pruritus (<10%)
fosinopril, indomethacin, lisinopril, metformin, Vomiting (28%) Rash (3–7%)
moexipril, potassium iodide, potassium salts, Stevens-Johnson syndrome [6]
Respiratory Toxic epidermal necrolysis [3]
quinapril, ramipril, spironolactone, trandolapril, Nasopharyngitis (4%)
zofenopril Pulmonary embolism (2%) Central Nervous System
Pregnancy category: C Aseptic meningitis [3]
Endocrine/Metabolic
Appetite decreased (39%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Rhabdomyolysis [3]
pediatric patients Genitourinary
Note: Dyazide and Maxzide are triamterene and Urinary tract infection (4%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
hydrochlorothiazide. Hydrochlorothiazide is a Hepatotoxicity [2]
Hematologic
sulfonamide and can be absorbed systemically. Anemia (77%) [7] Endocrine/Metabolic
Sulfonamides can produce severe, possibly fatal, Febrile neutropenia [3] Hyperkalemia [3]
reactions such as toxic epidermal necrolysis and Granulocytopenia [3] Hyponatremia [2]
Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Leukopenia [7] Hematologic
Neutropenia (67%) [9] Anemia [2]
Skin Thrombocytopenia (42%) [3] Thrombocytopenia [2]
Edema (<10%) Other
Lupus erythematosus (with Adverse effects [2]
hydrochlorothiazide) [2] Infection (27%) TRIMIPRAMINE
Rash (<10%) Trade name: Surmontil (Odyssey)
Indications: Major depression
Class: Antidepressant, tricyclic
interactions with: amprenavir, arbutamine,
bupropion, clonidine, epinephrine, formoterol,
guanethidine, isocarboxazid, linezolid, MAO
inhibitors, phenelzine, quinolones, sparfloxacin,
tranylcypromine, venlafaxine
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual URSODIOL
Pregnancy category: C corticosteroids, daptomycin, fingolimod, Respiratory

Important contra-indications noted in the gemifloxacin, hydroxychloroquine, Bronchitis [2]
prescribing guidelines for: pediatric patients immunosuppressants, interferon gamma, COPD (exacerbation) [5]
Warning: SUICIDALITY AND leflunomide, mefloquine, mercaptopurine, Cough (3%) [6]
ANTIDEPRESSANT DRUGS sulfonamides, telavancin, tigecycline, tinidazole, Dysphonia [4]
tocilizumab, ustekinumab Influenza [2]
Skin Pregnancy category: C Nasopharyngitis (8%) [12]
Diaphoresis (<10%) Important contra-indications noted in the Pharyngitis [2]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Pneumonia [4]
Mucosal pediatric patients Sinusitis [3]
Xerostomia (>10%) [2] Note: Vivotif is a live oral vaccine. Upper respiratory tract infection [5]
Cardiovascular Genitourinary
QT prolongation [2] Skin Urinary tract infection [2]
Central Nervous System Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [2] Other
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (>10%) Central Nervous System Adverse effects [4]
Parkinsonism (<10%) Fever (<3%) [5]
Seizures [4] Headache (5–20%) [3]
Myelitis [2]
URSODIOL
TURMERIC Asthenia (fatigue) (4–24%) [3] Synonyms: ursodeoxycholic acid; UDCA
Myalgia/Myopathy (3–7%) [3] Trade names: Actigall (Watson), Destolit
Family: Zingiberaceae (Norgine), Urdox (Wockhardt), Urso 250
Scientific names: Curcuma aromatica, Curcuma Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Abdominal pain (6%) [2] (Aptalis), Urso Forte (Aptalis), Ursogal (Galen)
domestica, Curcuma longa, Curcuma xanthorrhiza Indications: The dissolution of radiolucent (i.e.
Indications: Arthritis, anticarcinogen, stimulant, Diarrhea (<3%)
Nausea (2–8%) non-radio opaque) cholesterol gallstones in
carminative, amenorrhea, angina, asthma, patients with a functioning gallbladder, primary
colorectal cancer, delirium, diarrhea, dyspepsia, Vomiting (2%)
biliary cirrhosis, biliary calculus, cholelithiasis
flatulence, hemorrhage, hepatitis, Local Class: Cholesterol antagonist, Urolithic
hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, jaundice, Injection-site edema [3] Half-life: 100 hours
mania, menstrual disorders, ophthalmia, Injection-site erythema (4–5%) [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
tendonitis. Topical: conjuctivitis, skin cancer, Injection-site induration (5–15%) interactions with: aluminum based antacids,
smallpox, chickenpox, leg ulcers. Food coloring in Injection-site pain (27–41%) [5] aluminum hydroxide, charcoal, cholestyramine,
cheese, margarine, sweets, snack foods, Other clofibrate, colestimide, colestipol, cyclosporine,
cosmetics, essential oil in perfumes, culinary spice Adverse effects [4] dapsone, estradiol, estrogens, nitrendipine, oral
Class: Anti-inflammatory, TNF inhibitor Death [2] contraceptives, P4503A substrates
Half-life: N/A Pregnancy category: B
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Important contra-indications noted in the
Pregnancy category: N/A UMECLIDINIUM prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
Note: Persons with symptoms of gallstones or
obstruction of bile passages should avoid Trade name: Incruse (GSK)
turmeric. Indications: Chronic obstructive pulmonary Skin
disease (COPD) Lichenoid eruption [3]
Class: Anticholinergic, Muscarinic antagonist Pruritus [3]
Skin Half-life: 11 hours Rash (3%)
Dermatitis [6] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Rash [3] Hair
interactions with: anticholinergics Alopecia (<5%)
Central Nervous System Pregnancy category: C
Headache [2] Important contra-indications noted in the Cardiovascular
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Chest pain (3%)
Abdominal pain [2] pediatric patients Central Nervous System
Diarrhea [6] Headache (18–25%)
Nausea [2] Mucosal Insomnia (2%)
Oropharyngeal pain [2] Vertigo (dizziness) (17%)
Other
Adverse effects [4] Cardiovascular Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Angina [2] Arthralgia (7%)
Arrhythmias [2] Asthenia (fatigue) (3–7%)
Back pain (7–12%)
TYPHOID VACCINE Extrasystoles [3]
Hypertension [3] Bone or joint pain (6%)
Supraventricular tachycardia [2] Myalgia/Myopathy (5%)
Trade names: Typherix (GSK), Typhim Vi (Sanofi
Pasteur), Vivotif (Berna Biotech) Tachycardia [2] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Indications: Immunization against typhoid fever Central Nervous System Abdominal pain (43%)
Class: Vaccine Dysgeusia (taste perversion) [3] Cholecystitis (5%)
Half-life: N/A Headache [12] Constipation (26%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Diarrhea (27%) [4]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Dyspepsia (16%) [2]
interactions with: alcohol, antibiotics, Arthralgia (2%) [2]
antimalarials, atovaquone/proguanil, azathioprine, Flatulence (7%)
Back pain [5] Nausea (14%) [4]
belimumab, cefixime, ceftaroline fosamil,
ceftobiprole, chloroquine, ciprofloxacin, Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Vomiting (9–14%) [3]
Constipation [2]
URSODIOL Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Respiratory Local Somnolence (drowsiness) (<11%) [5]

Bronchitis (6%) Injection-site reactions [7] Suicidal ideation [2]
Cough (7%) Other Vertigo (dizziness) (<4%) [2]
Flu-like syndrome (6%) Adverse effects [11] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Pharyngitis (8%) Infection [12] Arthralgia (2%)
Rhinitis (5%) Asthenia (fatigue) (<11%) [6]
Sinusitis (5–11%)
Upper respiratory tract infection (12–15%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Endocrine/Metabolic
VALACYCLOVIR Constipation (<5%) [2]
Diarrhea [2]
Weight gain [2] Trade name: Valtrex (GSK) Nausea (2%) [3]
Genitourinary Indications: Genital herpes, herpes simplex, Vomiting (3%)
Dysmenorrhea (5%) herpes zoster Endocrine/Metabolic
Urinary tract infection (6%) Class: Antiviral, Guanine nucleoside analog Appetite decreased [2]
Hematologic Half-life: 3 hours
Leukopenia (3%) Urinary retention (<5%)
interactions with: cobicistat/elvitegravir/
Other emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide, cobicistat/ Urinary tract infection [3]
Adverse effects [3] elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil, Ocular
Allergic reactions (5%) immunosuppressants, meperidine, tenofovir Vision blurred (<5%)
Infection (viral) (9–19%) disoproxil
USTEKINUMAB
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; pediatric
VALERIAN
patients Family: Valerianaceae
Trade name: Stelara (Centocor) Scientific names: Valeriana edulis, Valeriana
Indications: Plaque psoriasis (moderate to Central Nervous System jatamansii, Valeriana officinalis, Valeriana sitchensis,
severe), active psoriatic arthritis, active Crohn’s Hallucinations [2] Valeriana wallichii
disease (moderate to severe) Headache [5] Indications: Depression, tremors, epilepsy,
Class: Interleukin-12/23 antagonist, Monoclonal Neurotoxicity [4] attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,
antibody rheumatism, nervous asthma, gastric spasms,
Half-life: 15–32 days Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Abdominal pain [2] colic, menstrual cramps, hot flashes. Flavoring in
Clinically important, potentially hazardous foods and beverages
interactions with: live vaccines Nausea [4]
Vomiting [3] Class: Anxiolytic
Pregnancy category: B Half-life: N/A
Important contra-indications noted in the Renal Clinically important, potentially hazardous
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Nephrotoxicity [3] interactions with: amitriptyline, escitalopram,
pediatric patients eszopiclone
Skin VALBENAZINE
Cellulitis (<10%) Central Nervous System
Herpes zoster [2] Trade name: Ingrezza (Neurocrine Biosciences) Somnolence (drowsiness) [2]
Malignancies [2] Indications: Tardive dyskinesia Tremor [2]
Pruritus (<10%) Class: Vesicular monoamine transporter 2
Psoriasis [3] inhibitor Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Half-life: 15–22 hours Hepatotoxicity [2]
Mucosal
Nasal congestion (<10%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous Other
interactions with: carbamazepine, Adverse effects [2]
Cardiovascular clarithromycin, digoxin, fluoxetine, isocarboxazid,
Cardiotoxicity [3] itraconazole, ketoconazole, MAO inhibitors,
Depression (<10%)
paroxetine hydrochloride, phenelzine, phenytoin,
quinidine, rifampin, selegiline, St John’s wort,
VALGANCICLOVIR
Headache (<10%) [9] strong CYP2D6 inducers, strong CYP3A4 Trade name: Valcyte (Roche)
Leukoencephalopathy [3] inducers or inhibitors Indications: Cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMV) in
Vertigo (dizziness) (<10%) Pregnancy category: N/A (May cause fetal patients with AIDS, prevention of CMV disease in
Neuromuscular/Skeletal harm) high-risk transplant patients
Important contra-indications noted in the Class: Antiviral, Guanine nucleoside analog
Arthralgia [3]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Half-life: 4 hours (in severe renal impairment up
Asthenia (fatigue) (<10%) [3]
pediatric patients to 68%)
Back pain (<10%)
Myalgia/Myopathy (<10%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Psoriatic arthralgia [2] Mucosal interactions with: abacavir, cobicistat/
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Xerostomia (<5%) [2] elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide,
Central Nervous System cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir
Diarrhea (<10%)
Akathisia (<3%) disoproxil, emtricitabine, tenofovir disoproxil
Hepatotoxicity [3]
Depression [2] Pregnancy category: N/A (May cause fetal
Respiratory toxicity based on findings in animal studies)
Nasopharyngitis (10%) [12] Gait instability (<4%)
Headache (3%) [6] Important contra-indications noted in the
Pharyngolaryngeal pain (<10%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers
Tuberculosis [2] Impaired concentration (<5%)
Restlessness (<3%) Note: Valganciclovir is rapidly converted to
Upper respiratory tract infection (10%) [9] ganciclovir in the body.
Sedation (<11%)
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual VALSARTAN
Warning: HEMATOLOGIC TOXICITY, Mucosal Congenital malformations [4]

IMPAIRMENT OF FERTILITY, FETAL TOXICITY, Gingival hyperplasia/hypertrophy [8] Death [8]
MUTAGENESIS AND CARCINOGENESIS Glossitis (<5%) Teratogenicity [31]
Stomatitis (<5%)
Mucosal Xerostomia (<5%) [2]
Oral candidiasis [2] Central Nervous System VALSARTAN
Central Nervous System Brain atrophy [2]
Fever [3] Cerebral edema [2] Trade names: Byvalson (Forest), Diovan
Headache [2] Cognitive impairment [2] (Novartis), Diovan HCT (Novartis), Exforge
Neurotoxicity [2] Coma [3] (Novartis), Valturna (Novartis)
Paresthesias (8%) Confusion [2] Indications: Hypertension
Delirium [2] Class: Angiotensin II receptor antagonist
Hematologic Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (<5%) (blocker), Antihypertensive
Neutropenia [9] Encephalopathy [21] Half-life: 9 hours
Other Gait instability [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Allergic reactions (<5%) Headache [2] interactions with: none known
Infection (<5%) Neurotoxicity [4] Pregnancy category: D
Paresthesias (<5%) Important contra-indications noted in the
Parkinsonism [15] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
pediatric patients
VALPROIC ACID Sedation [3]
Seizures [10] Note: Byvalson is valsartan and nebivolol;
Synonyms: valproate sodium; divalproex Somnolence (drowsiness) [11] Exforge is valsartan and amlodipine; Valturna is
Trade names: Depacon (AbbVie), Depakene Tremor [15] valsartan and aliskiren; Diovan HCT is valsartan
(AbbVie), Depakote (AbbVie) Vertigo (dizziness) [7] and hydrochlorothiazide. Hydrochlorothiazide is
Indications: Seizures, migraine Neuromuscular/Skeletal a sulfonamide and can be absorbed systemically.
Sulfonamides can produce severe, possibly fatal,
Class: Anticonvulsant, Antipsychotic Asthenia (fatigue) [4]
reactions such as toxic epidermal necrolysis and
Half-life: 6–16 hours Osteoporosis [3]
Stevens-Johnson syndrome.
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Rhabdomyolysis [3]
interactions with: amitriptyline, aspirin, See also separate profile for Sacubitril/Valsartan.
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Warning: FETAL TOXICITY
ceftobiprole, cholestyramine, clobazam, Constipation [2]
clozapine, doripenem, eslicarbazepine, Dyspepsia [2]
ethosuximide, indinavir, ivermectin, lesinurad, Hepatic steatosis [2]
Skin
levomepromazine, meropenem & vaborbactam, Hepatotoxicity [19] Angioedema (>2%) [9]
olanzapine, oxcarbazepine, paliperidone, Nausea [5] Edema [5]
risperidone, rufinamide, temozolomide, Pancreatitis [32] Peripheral edema [3]
tipranavir, vorinostat, zidovudine, zinc, Vomiting [3] Photosensitivity [3]
zuclopenthixol Pruritus (>2%)
Pregnancy category: D Respiratory Pseudolymphoma [2]
Warning: LIFE THREATENING ADVERSE Pleural effusion [3] Rash (>2%)
REACTIONS Pneumonitis [2]
Mucosal
Endocrine/Metabolic Aphthous stomatitis (<10%)
Skin Acute intermittent porphyria [2] Xerostomia (>10%)
Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome [6] Appetite increased [2]
Hyperammonemia [22]
Cardiovascular
DRESS syndrome [10] Hypotension [2]
Ecchymoses (<5%) [4] Hyponatremia [2]
Edema [3] Metabolic syndrome [3] Central Nervous System
Erythema multiforme [3] Porphyria [2] Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (>10%)
Erythroderma [3] SIADH [6] Headache [7]
Exanthems (5%) [3] Weight gain [23] Paresthesias (>2%)
Facial edema (>5%) Genitourinary Vertigo (dizziness) [9]
Furunculosis (<5%) Vaginitis (<5%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Hypersensitivity [5] Renal Arthralgia (<10%)
Lupus erythematosus [5] Enuresis [2] Myalgia/Myopathy (10–29%)
Peripheral edema (<5%) Fanconi syndrome [4] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Petechiae (<5%) Enteropathy [2]
Pruritus (>5%) Hematologic
Pseudolymphoma [2] Bone marrow suppression [4] Respiratory
Purpura [2] Coagulopathy [2] Cough [2]
Rash (>5%) [7] Eosinophilia [2] Nasopharyngitis [3]
Stevens-Johnson syndrome [12] Hemotoxicity [3] Upper respiratory tract infection [2]
Toxic epidermal necrolysis [9] Neutropenia [3] Endocrine/Metabolic
Vasculitis [3] Thrombocytopenia [4] Hyperkalemia [3]
Hair Otic Other
Alopecia (7%) [23] Hearing loss [2] Adverse effects [5]
Curly hair [6] Ocular Allergic reactions (>2%)
Hirsutism [2] Ocular adverse effects [2]
Nails Other
Nail pigmentation [2] Adverse effects [8]
VANCOMYCIN See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Otic Neuromuscular/Skeletal
VANCOMYCIN Ototoxicity [5] Asthenia (fatigue) (15–24%) [17]
Tinnitus [2] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Trade name: Vancocin (Lilly)
Indications: Various infections caused by Local Abdominal pain (21%)
susceptible organisms Infusion-related reactions [2] Constipation [2]
Class: Antibiotic, glycopeptide Injection-site extravasation [2] Diarrhea (57%) [44]
Half-life: 5–11 hours Other Dyspepsia (11%)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Adverse effects [7] Hepatotoxicity [4]
interactions with: meloxicam, metformin, Allergic reactions (<5%) [5] Nausea (33%) [14]
pentamidine, rocuronium, succinylcholine, Death [6] Vomiting (15%) [6]
teicoplanin, trospium Respiratory
Pregnancy category: C Cough (11%)
VANDETANIB Dyspnea [3]
Skin
Abscess [2] Trade name: Caprelsa (AstraZeneca) Endocrine/Metabolic
AGEP [8] Indications: Medullary thyroid cancer ALT increased (51%) [2]
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [14] Class: Tyrosine kinase inhibitor Appetite decreased (21%) [3]
Angioedema [3] Half-life: 19 days Hypocalcemia (11%)
Bullous dermatitis [5] Clinically important, potentially hazardous Hypothyroidism [2]
Cellulitis [3] interactions with: amiodarone, amoxapine, Thyroid dysfunction [2]
DRESS syndrome [20] antiarrhythmics, arsenic, carbamazepine, Weight loss (10%) [2]
Erythema multiforme [5] chloroquine, clarithromycin, CYP3A4 inducers, Renal
Exanthems [16] dexamethasone, disopyramide, dofetilide, Proteinuria (10%) [2]
Exfoliative dermatitis [4] dolasetron, efavirenz, granisetron, haloperidol,
Fixed eruption [2] methadone, moxifloxacin, pazopanib, Hematologic
Flushing (<10%) phenobarbital, phenytoin, pimozide, Anemia [3]
Hypersensitivity [8] procainamide, QT prolonging agents, rifabutin, Hemorrhage [2]
Leukocytoclastic vasculitis [4] rifampin, rifapentine, sotalol, St John’s wort, Hemotoxicity [2]
Linear IgA bullous dermatosis [50] telavancin Myelosuppression [2]
Lupus erythematosus [2] Pregnancy category: D Neutropenia [5]
Pruritus [12] Important contra-indications noted in the Platelets decreased (9%)
Rash [20] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Other
Red man syndrome (<14%) [52] pediatric patients Adverse effects [6]
Red neck syndrome [2] Note: Contra-indicated in patients with Death [3]
Stevens-Johnson syndrome [10] congenital long QT syndrome.
Toxic epidermal necrolysis [10] Warning: QT PROLONGATION, TORSADES
Urticaria [8] DE POINTES, AND SUDDEN DEATH
Vasculitis [2]
VARDENAFIL
Cardiovascular Skin Trade name: Levitra (Bayer)
Cardiac arrest [2] Acneform eruption (35%) [4] Indications: Erectile dysfunction
Extravasation [2] Folliculitis [5] Class: Phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitor
Hypotension [3] Hand–foot syndrome [4] Half-life: 4–5 hours
Phlebitis (14–23%) [6] Photosensitivity (13%) [8] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Central Nervous System Phototoxicity [3] interactions with: alfuzosin, alpha blockers,
Chills (>10%) [2] Pigmentation [6] amyl nitrite, antifungals, antihypertensives,
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (>10%) Pruritus (11%) [2] atazanavir, boceprevir, bosentan, cobicistat/
Fever [8] Rash (53%) [34] elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide,
Headache [5] Stevens-Johnson syndrome [4] cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir
Vertigo (dizziness) [2] Toxicity [9] disoproxil, conivaptan, CYP3A4 inhibitors,
Xerosis (15%) [3] darunavir, dasatinib, disopyramide, doxazosin,
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic erythromycin, etravirine, fosamprenavir,
Constipation [3] Hair
Hair changes [2] grapefruit juice, high-fat foods, indinavir,
Diarrhea [7] itraconazole, ketoconazole, lopinavir, macrolide
Gastrointestinal disorder [2] Nails antibiotics, nelfinavir, nicorandil, nifedipine,
Nausea [12] Paronychia [5] nitrates, nitroglycerin, nitroprusside,
Vomiting [6] Splinter hemorrhage [2] phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors, protease
Endocrine/Metabolic Mucosal inhibitors, riociguat, ritonavir, sapropterin,
ALT increased [2] Mucositis [2] saquinavir, tamsulosin, telaprevir, terazosin,
AST increased [3] Stomatitis [2] tipranavir
Renal Cardiovascular Pregnancy category: B (not indicated for use in
Nephrotoxicity [34] Hypertension (33%) [24] women)
Renal failure [4] QT prolongation (14%) [25] Important contra-indications noted in the
Hematologic Central Nervous System
Agranulocytosis [2] Anorexia [3]
Anemia [2] Depression (10%) Skin
Eosinophilia [3] Headache (26%) [4] Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis (<2%)
Leukopenia [2] Insomnia (13%) Angioedema (<2%)
Neutropenia [9] Neurotoxicity [2] Diaphoresis (<2%)
Thrombocytopenia [17] Erythema (<2%)
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual VEDOLIZUMAB
Facial edema (<2%)

Flushing (11%) [14] VARENICLINE VARICELLA VACCINE
Pruritus (<2%) Trade names: Champix (Pfizer), Chantix (Pfizer) Trade names: Varilrix (GSK), Varivax (Merck)
Rash (<2%) Indications: Smoking deterrent Indications: Immunization, varicella
Class: Nicotinic antagonist Class: Vaccine
Mucosal Half-life: 24 hours Half-life: N/A
Nasal congestion [4] Clinically important, potentially hazardous Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Xerostomia (<2%) interactions with: none known interactions with: none known
Cardiovascular Pregnancy category: C Pregnancy category: C
Angina (<2%) Important contra-indications noted in the
Chest pain (<2%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Skin
Hypotension (<2%) pediatric patients Herpes zoster [10]
Myocardial infarction (<2%) Warning: SERIOUS NEUROPSYCHIATRIC Rash [10]
Palpitation (<2%) EVENTS Stevens-Johnson syndrome [2]
QT prolongation [2]
Tachycardia (<2%) Central Nervous System
Skin Fever (15%) [3]
Ventricular arrhythmia (<2%) AGEP [3]
Central Nervous System Rash (<3%) Ocular
Amnesia (<2%) Keratitis [2]
Mucosal Uveitis [2]
Dysesthesia (<2%) Xerostomia (4–6%)
Headache (7–15%) [16] Local
Pain (<2%) Cardiovascular Injection-site edema (19%)
Paresthesias (<2%) Cardiotoxicity [5] Injection-site erythema (19%)
Seizures (<2%) Central Nervous System Injection-site hematoma (19%)
Sleep related disorder (<2%) Abnormal dreams (9–13%) [17] Injection-site induration (19%)
Somnolence (drowsiness) (<2%) Aggression [3] Injection-site pain (19%)
Syncope (<2%) Anorexia (<2%) Injection-site pruritus (19%)
Vertigo (dizziness) (2%) [3] Anxiety [5] Injection-site reactions [5]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Depression [9]
Arthralgia (<2%) Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (5–8%)
Back pain (<2%) Hallucinations [2]
Headache (15–19%) [13]
VEDOLIZUMAB
Cramps (<2%)
Myalgia/Myopathy (<2%) Insomnia (18–19%) [16] Trade name: Entyvio (Takeda)
Mania [5] Indications: Ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Mood changes [4]
Abdominal pain (<2%) Class: Integrin receptor antagonist, Monoclonal
Neuropsychiatric disturbances [2] antibody
Diarrhea (<2%) Nightmares (<2%)
Dyspepsia [3] Half-life: 25 days
Psychosis [7] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Gastritis (<2%) Sleep disturbances [7]
Gastroesophageal reflux (<2%) interactions with: live vaccines, natalizumab,
Sleep related disorder (2–5%) [3] TNF blockers
Nausea (<2%) Somnolence (drowsiness) (3%) [2]
Vomiting (<2%) Pregnancy category: B
Suicidal ideation [7] Important contra-indications noted in the
Respiratory Neuromuscular/Skeletal prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Dyspnea (<2%) Asthenia (fatigue) (<7%) [5] pediatric patients
Flu-like syndrome (3%)
Rhinitis (9%) [10] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Sinusitis (3%) Abdominal pain (5–7%) [4] Skin
Constipation (5–8%) [4] Pruritus (3%)
Endocrine/Metabolic Dyspepsia (5%) [2] Rash (3%) [2]
ALT increased (<2%) Flatulence (6–9%)
Creatine phosphokinase increased (<2%) Mucosal
Hepatotoxicity [2] Oropharyngeal pain (3%)
Genitourinary Nausea (16–30%) [30]
Erection (<2%) Vomiting (<5%) [3] Central Nervous System
Priapism (<2%) Fever (9%) [5]
Respiratory Headache (12%) [11]
Otic Dyspnea (<2%)
Hearing loss [2] Upper respiratory tract infection (5–7%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Tinnitus (<2%) Arthralgia (12%) [8]
Endocrine/Metabolic Asthenia (fatigue) (6%) [6]
Ocular Appetite decreased (<2%) Back pain (4%) [3]
Conjunctivitis (<2%) Appetite increased (3–4%) Pain in extremities (3%)
Dyschromatopsia (<2%) Ocular
Intraocular pressure increased (<2%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Hallucinations, visual [2] Abdominal pain [7]
Ocular hyperemia (<2%)
Ocular pain (<2%) Other Colitis [5]
Photophobia (<2%) Adverse effects [10] Crohn’s disease (exacerbation) [2]
Visual disturbances (<2%) Death [3] Nausea (9%) [9]
Vomiting [4]
Other
Allergic reactions (<2%) Respiratory
Bronchitis (4%)
Cough (5%) [3]
VEDOLIZUMAB Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Influenza (4%) Verruca vulgaris [2] rifampin, ritonavir, sirolimus, St John’s wort, stong
Nasopharyngitis (13%) [11] Verrucous lesions [3] or moderate P-gp inhibitors or substrates, strong
Sinusitis (3%) Vitiligo [2] or moderate CYP3A inducers or inhibitors,
Upper respiratory tract infection (7%) [7] Warts [2] telaprevir, ticagrelor, verapamil, voriconazole
Hematologic Xerosis [5] Pregnancy category: N/A (May cause fetal
Anemia [4] Hair harm)
Alopecia (45%) [19] Important contra-indications noted in the
Local prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Infusion-related reactions (4%) [4] Hair changes [2]
pediatric patients
Other Nails Note: Concomitant use of strong CYP3A
Adverse effects [9] Paronychia [3] inhibitors during initiation and ramp-up phase is
Cancer [2] Pyogenic granuloma [2] contra-indicated.
Infection [5] Mucosal
Gingival hyperplasia/hypertrophy [2] Skin
Cardiovascular Peripheral edema (11%)
VEMURAFENIB QT prolongation [3] Tumor lysis syndrome (6%) [13]
Trade name: Zelboraf (Roche) Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (14%) Fever (16%) [4]
Indications: Melanoma (metastatic or Fever (19%) [6] Headache (15%) [2]
unresectable) Headache (23%) [3]
Class: BRAF inhibitor Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Paralysis [2] Asthenia (fatigue) (21%) [8]
Half-life: 57 hours
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Neuromuscular/Skeletal Back pain (10%)
interactions with: amoxapine, arsenic, Arthralgia (53%) [22] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
atazanavir, carbamazepine, clarithromycin, CYP Asthenia (fatigue) (38%) [20] Constipation (14%)
substrates, dolasetron, efavirenz, indinavir, Back pain (8%) Diarrhea (35%) [11]
itraconazole, ketoconazole, nefazodone, Bone or joint pain (8%) Nausea (33%) [13]
nelfinavir, pazopanib, phenobarbital, phenytoin, Myalgia/Myopathy (8–13%) [2] Vomiting (15%) [4]
rifabutin, rifampin, rifapentine, ritonavir, Pain in extremities (18%)
Respiratory
saquinavir, telavancin, telithromycin, Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Cough (13%)
voriconazole, warfarin Constipation (12%) Pneumonia (8%) [4]
Pregnancy category: D Diarrhea (28%) [9] Upper respiratory tract infection (22%) [6]
Important contra-indications noted in the Hepatotoxicity [4]
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Nausea (35%) [10] Endocrine/Metabolic
pediatric patients Vomiting (18%) [4] Hyperkalemia (20%)
Hyperphosphatemia (15%)
Respiratory Hyperuricemia (6%)
Skin Cough (8%) Hypocalcemia (9%)
Acneform eruption [6] Endocrine/Metabolic Hypokalemia (12%)
Actinic keratoses [4] ALT increased [6]
Basal cell carcinoma [2] Hematologic
Appetite decreased (18%) [2] Anemia (29%) [11]
DRESS syndrome [4] AST increased [5]
Eccrine squamous syringometaplasia [2] Febrile neutropenia [6]
GGT increased [2] Leukopenia [4]
Erythema (14%) [2]
Exanthems [9] Ocular Neutropenia (45%) [16]
Granulomas [2] Chorioretinopathy [2] Thrombocytopenia (22%) [12]
Hand–foot syndrome [8] Uveitis [3] Other
Hyperkeratosis (24%) [18] Vision blurred [2] Death [5]
Keratoacanthoma [28] Other Infection [2]
Keratoses [4] Adverse effects [11]
Keratosis pilaris [10]
Lymphoma [2]
Melanoma [2]
VENLAFAXINE
Milia [2]
VENETOCLAX
Trade names: Effexor (Wyeth), Effexor XL
Neoplasms [2] (Wyeth)
Trade name: Venclexta (AbbVie)
Nevi [6] Indications: Major depressive disorder
Indications: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia in
Panniculitis [9] Class: Antidepressant, Serotonin-norepinephrine
patients with 17p deletion, as detected by an FDA
Papillomas (21%) [2] reuptake inhibitor
approved test, who have received at least one
Papular lesions (5%) Half-life: 3–7 hours
prior therapy
Peripheral edema (17%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Class: BCL-2 inhibitor
Photosensitivity (33%) [29] interactions with: 5HT1 agonists, artemether/
Half-life: 26 hours
Pruritus (23%) [10] lumefantrine, aspirin, atomoxetine, clozapine,
Radiation recall dermatitis [2] desvenlafaxine, dexibuprofen, diclofenac,
interactions with: amiodarone, azithromycin,
Rash (37%) [26] duloxetine, entacapone, haloperidol, indinavir,
bosentan, captopril, carbamazepine, carvedilol,
Squamous cell carcinoma (24%) [36] isocarboxazid, ketoconazole, linezolid, lithium,
ciprofloxacin, clarithromycin, conivaptan,
Stevens-Johnson syndrome [5] MAO inhibitors, meloxicam, metoclopramide,
cyclosporine, digoxin, diltiazem, dronedarone,
Sunburn (10%) metoprolol, mirtazapine, moclobemide,
efavirenz, erythromycin, etravirine, everolimus,
Toxic epidermal necrolysis [6] naratriptan, NSAIDs, phenelzine, selegiline,
felodipine, fluconazole, grapefruit juice, indinavir,
Toxicity [10] sibutramine, SNRIs, SSRIs, St John’s wort,
itraconazole, ketoconazole, live vaccines,
Transient acantholytic dermatosis [4]
lopinavir, modafinil, nafcillin, phenytoin,
Vasculitis [2]
posaconazole, quercetin, quinidine, ranolazine,
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual VERTEPORFIN
sumatriptan, tramadol, tranylcypromine, Urinary incontinence [2] Bradycardia [11]

trazodone, trimipramine, triptans, voriconazole, Ocular Congestive heart failure [2]
warfarin Glaucoma [2] Hypotension [3]
Pregnancy category: C Hallucinations, visual [3] QT prolongation [2]
Important contra-indications noted in the Torsades de pointes [2]
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Other
mothers; pediatric patients Parkinsonism [2]
Warning: SUICIDALITY AND Bruxism [7]
Seizures [3]
ANTIDEPRESSANT DRUGS
Skin VERAPAMIL Rhabdomyolysis [2]
Diaphoresis [7] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Ecchymoses [2] Trade names: Calan (Pfizer), Covera-HS Hepatotoxicity [2]
Hyperhidrosis [2] (Pfizer), Isoptin (AbbVie), Tarka (AbbVie), Verelan Endocrine/Metabolic
Pruritus (<10%) (Schwarz) Gynecomastia [8]
Rash (3%) Indications: Angina, arrhythmias, hypertension
Class: Antiarrhythmic class IV, Calcium channel Other
Hair blocker, CYP3A4 inhibitor Death [2]
Alopecia [2] Half-life: 2–8 hours Side effects [2]
Mucosal Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Xerostomia (22%) [10] interactions with: acebutolol, afatinib, aliskiren,
Cardiovascular amiodarone, amitriptyline, amprenavir, aspirin, VERTEPORFIN
Cardiac failure [2] atazanavir, atenolol, atorvastatin, avanafil,
Cardiomyopathy [3] betaxolol, betrixaban, bisoprolol, carbamazepine, Trade name: Visudyne (Novartis)
Hypertension [7] carteolol, celiprolol, clonidine, cobicistat/ Indications: Neovascular (wet) age-related
Myocardial infarction [2] elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide, macular degeneration
Orthostatic hypotension [2] cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir Class: Photosensitizer
Preeclampsia [2] disoproxil, colchicine, dabigatran, dantrolene, Half-life: 5–6 hours
QT prolongation [6] darifenacin, deflazacort, delavirdine, digoxin, Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Tachycardia [2] dofetilide, dronedarone, dutasteride, epirubicin, interactions with: none known
eplerenone, erythromycin, esmolol, everolimus, Pregnancy category: C
Central Nervous System fingolimod, flibanserin, indacaterol, lovastatin, Important contra-indications noted in the
Akathisia [2] metoprolol, mifepristone, nadolol, naldemedine, prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Delirium [2] naloxegol, neratinib, nevirapine, olaparib, pediatric patients
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (2%) oxprenolol, oxtriphylline, palbociclib, penbutolol,
Headache [8] pindolol, posaconazole, propranolol, quinidine,
Insomnia [5] Skin
ranolazine, sibutramine, silodosin, simvastatin, Eczema (<10%)
Mania [10] telaprevir, telithromycin, timolol, trabectedin,
Paresthesias (3%) Photosensitivity (<10%) [2]
venetoclax
Psychosis [3] Pregnancy category: C Mucosal
Restless legs syndrome [3] Important contra-indications noted in the Burning mouth syndrome (<10%)
Seizures [8] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Cardiovascular
Serotonin syndrome [24] pediatric patients Atrial fibrillation (<10%)
Somnolence (drowsiness) [9] Note: Tarka is verapamil and trandolapril. Chest pain [2]
Tremor (<10%) [3] Hypertension (<10%)
Yawning [2] Skin Central Nervous System
Angioedema [3] Fever (<10%)
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Diaphoresis [2] Hypoesthesia (<10%)
Asthenia (fatigue) [5] Edema (2%) Sleep related disorder (<10%)
Dystonia [2] Erythema multiforme [4] Vertigo (dizziness) (<10%)
Rhabdomyolysis [3] Exanthems [8]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Exfoliative dermatitis [2]
Arthralgia (<10%)
Constipation [6] Flushing (<7%) [4]
Asthenia (fatigue) (<10%)
Hepatotoxicity [8] Hyperkeratosis (palms) [2]
Back pain (<10%)
Nausea [16] Lupus erythematosus [2]
Myasthenia gravis (<10%)
Vomiting [3] Peripheral edema (<10%)
Photosensitivity [4] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Respiratory Constipation (<10%)
Pneumonitis [3] Pruritus [6]
Rash [2] Nausea (<10%)
Endocrine/Metabolic Stevens-Johnson syndrome [5] Respiratory
Appetite decreased [2] Urticaria [5] Flu-like syndrome (<10%)
Galactorrhea [4] Vasculitis [2] Pharyngitis (<10%)
Hyponatremia [4]
Libido increased [2] Hair Endocrine/Metabolic
Mastodynia [2] Alopecia [5] Creatine phosphokinase increased (<10%)
SIADH [6] Mucosal Genitourinary
Weight gain [2] Gingival hyperplasia/hypertrophy (19%) [10] Albuminuria (<10%)
Genitourinary Cardiovascular Hematologic
Ejaculatory dysfunction [2] Atrial fibrillation [2] Anemia (<10%)
Sexual dysfunction [8] Atrioventricular block [2] Leukocytosis (<10%)
VERTEPORFIN See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Leukopenia (<10%) Status epilepticus (2–5%) Pregnancy category: C

Otic Tremor (7%) Important contra-indications noted in the
Hearing loss (<10%) Vertigo (dizziness) (15%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Neuromuscular/Skeletal pediatric patients
Ocular Warning: SUICIDALITY AND
Blepharitis (<10%) Arthralgia (5–10%)
Asthenia (fatigue) (16%) [2] ANTIDEPRESSANT DRUGS
Cataract (<10%)
Conjunctivitis (<10%) Back pain (4–7%)
Diplopia (<10%) Muscle spasm (3%) Mucosal
Endophthalmitis [2] Myalgia/Myopathy (3–5%) Xerostomia (8%) [2]
Intraocular inflammation [2] Pain in extremities (2–6%) Cardiovascular
Lacrimation (<10%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Palpitation (2%)
Ocular itching (<10%) Abdominal distension (2%) Central Nervous System
Vision loss (severe) (<5%) Abdominal pain (2–3%) Abnormal dreams (4%)
Visual disturbances (10–30%) Constipation (5–8%) Headache [4]
Xerophthalmia (<10%) Diarrhea (7%) Insomnia (6%) [5]
Local Dyspepsia (4–5%) Paresthesias (3%)
Infusion-site pain (<10%) Nausea (7%) Restlessness (3%)
Injection-site reactions (10–30%) Vomiting (6%) Somnolence (drowsiness) (3%) [3]
Other Respiratory Tremor (2%)
Cancer (gastrointestinal) (<10%) Bronchitis (5%) Vertigo (dizziness) (9%) [2]
Cough (2–14%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Influenza (5–7%) Arthralgia (3%)
VIGABATRIN Pharyngolaryngeal pain (7–14%)
Upper respiratory tract infection (10%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Trade name: Sabril (Lundbeck) Diarrhea (28%) [15]
Indications: Epilepsy, infantile spasms (West’s Endocrine/Metabolic Dyspepsia (3%)
syndrome) Appetite increased (<5%) Flatulence (3%)
Class: Anticonvulsant, Antiepileptic Weight gain (10%) [4] Gastroenteritis (3%)
Half-life: 7.5 hours Genitourinary Nausea (23%) [15]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Dysmenorrhea (5–9%) Vomiting (5%) [5]
interactions with: antipsychotics, chloroquine, Erectile dysfunction (5%) Endocrine/Metabolic
hydroxychloroquine, MAO inhibitors, mefloquine, Urinary tract infection (4–5%) Appetite increased (2%)
orlistat, phenytoin, rufinamide, SSRIs, St John’s Hematologic Libido decreased (4–5%)
wort, tricyclic antidepressants Anemia (6%)
Pregnancy category: C Genitourinary
Important contra-indications noted in the Otic Ejaculatory dysfunction (2%)
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Tinnitus (2%) Erectile dysfunction (2%)
pediatric patients Ocular Sexual dysfunction (3%) [2]
Warning: VISION LOSS Diplopia (6%) Other
Nystagmus (7%) Adverse effects [3]
Skin Ocular pain (5%)
Peripheral edema (5–7%) Optic atrophy [2]
Rash (6%) [2] Retinopathy [12]
Vision blurred (6%)
VINBLASTINE
Cardiovascular Vision impaired [20]
Chest pain (<5%) Trade names: Velban (Lilly), Velbe (Lilly), Velsar
Other (Lilly)
Central Nervous System Adverse effects [3] Indications: Lymphomas, melanoma, carcinomas
Abnormal dreams (<5%) Dipsia (thirst) (2%) Class: Antimitotic, Vinca alkaloid
Anxiety (4%) Toothache (2–5%) Half-life: initial: 3.7 minutes; terminal: 24.8 hours
Confusion (4–14%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Depression (8%) [4] interactions with: aldesleukin, aprepitant,
Dysarthria (2%)
Encephalopathy [4] VILAZODONE erythromycin, fluconazole, itraconazole,
ketoconazole, lopinavir, miconazole,
Fever (4–7%) posaconazole
Gait instability (6–12%) Trade name: Viibryd (Merck KGaA)
Indications: Major depressive disorder Pregnancy category: D
Headache (18%) Important contra-indications noted in the
Hypoesthesia (4–5%) Class: Antidepressant, Serotonin-norepinephrine
reuptake inhibitor prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers
Hyporeflexia (4–5%)
Impaired concentration (9%) Half-life: 25 hours
Incoordination (7%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous Skin
Insomnia (7%) interactions with: anticoagulants, aspirin, Acral necrosis [2]
Irritability (7%) buspirone, CNS-active agents, CYP3A4 inhibitors Dermatitis (<10%)
Memory loss (7%) or inducers, efavirenz, erythromycin, Photosensitivity (<10%) [2]
Nervousness (2–5%) ketoconazole, MAO inhibitors, NSAIDs, SNRIs, Pigmentation [3]
Peripheral neuropathy (4%) SSRIs, tramadol, triptans, tryptophan, warfarin Radiation recall dermatitis [2]
Psychosis [2] Rash (<10%)
Sedation (4%) Raynaud’s phenomenon (<10%) [17]
Seizures (11%) [4] Hair
Somnolence (drowsiness) (17%) [3] Alopecia (>10%)
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual VISMODEGIB
Mucosal Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (<10%) Hyperesthesia (<10%)

Mucositis [2] Neurotoxicity [16] Neurotoxicity [4]
Oral lesions (<5%) Paresthesias (<10%) Paresthesias (<10%)
Stomatitis (>10%) Peripheral neuropathy [11] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Central Nervous System Seizures [6] Asthenia (fatigue) [14]
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (metallic taste) Neuromuscular/Skeletal Bone or joint pain [3]
(>10%) Asthenia (fatigue) [2] Myalgia/Myopathy (<5%)
Paresthesias (<10%) Myalgia/Myopathy (<10%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Peripheral neuropathy [2] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Constipation [4]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Abdominal pain [2] Diarrhea [13]
Myalgia/Myopathy (<10%) Respiratory Esophagitis [2]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Pneumonia [2] Hepatotoxicity [2]
Diarrhea [2] Nausea [11]
Endocrine/Metabolic Vomiting [8]
Endocrine/Metabolic Hyponatremia [2]
SIADH [4] SIADH [10] Endocrine/Metabolic
ALT increased [2]
Renal Hematologic AST increased [2]
Nephrotoxicity [2] Anemia [2] SIADH [3]
Hematologic Febrile neutropenia [5]
Hemolytic uremic syndrome [4] Hematologic
Hemolytic uremic syndrome [2] Anemia [8]
Neutropenia [3] Hemotoxicity [2]
Leukopenia [3] Febrile neutropenia [5]
Otic Neutropenia [10] Leukopenia [9]
Tinnitus [2] Thrombocytopenia [10] Myelotoxicity [2]
Neutropenia [28]
Local Ocular Thrombocytopenia [4]
Injection-site necrosis [2] Ptosis [4]
Other Local
Local Injection-site irritation (<10%)
Adverse effects [2] Injection-site cellulitis (>10%) Injection-site necrosis (<10%)
Injection-site necrosis (>10%) Injection-site phlebitis (12%) [2]
Other Other
VINCRISTINE Adverse effects [7] Adverse effects [2]
Death [6] Death [2]
Synonym: oncovin Infection [3] Infection [4]
Trade name: Vincasar (Teva)
Indications: Leukemias, lymphomas,
neuroblastoma, Wilm’s tumor
Class: Antimitotic, Vinca alkaloid VINORELBINE VISMODEGIB
Half-life: 24 hours
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Trade name: Navelbine (Kyowa) Trade name: Erivedge (Genentech)
interactions with: aldesleukin, aprepitant, Indications: Non-small cell lung cancer Indications: Basal cell carcinoma
bromelain, fluconazole, gadobenate, influenza Class: Antimitotic, Vinca alkaloid Class: Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway inhibitor
vaccine, itraconazole, ketoconazole, lopinavir, Half-life: 28–44 hours Half-life: 4–12 days
miconazole, nifedipine, posaconazole, Clinically important, potentially hazardous Clinically important, potentially hazardous
thalidomide interactions with: aldesleukin, itraconazole interactions with: none known
Pregnancy category: D Pregnancy category: D Pregnancy category: D
Important contra-indications noted in the Important contra-indications noted in the Important contra-indications noted in the
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Warning: MYELOSUPPRESSION Note: Patients should not donate blood or blood
Skin
products while receiving vismodegib and for at
Erythroderma [2]
Exanthems [3] Skin least 7 months after the last dose.
Acneform eruption [3] Warning: EMBRYO-FETAL TOXICITY
Rash (<10%) Hand–foot syndrome [8]
Raynaud’s phenomenon [2] Rash (<5%) [2] Skin
Recall reaction [2] Squamous cell carcinoma [2]
Hair
Hair Toxicity [2]
Alopecia (20–70%) [9]
Alopecia (12%) [5] Hair
Nails
Mucosal Alopecia (64%) [23]
Beau’s lines (transverse nail bands) [2]
Leukonychia (Mees’ lines) [5] Mucositis [2] Central Nervous System
Stomatitis (>10%) [6] Ageusia (taste loss) (11%) [6]
Mucosal
Cardiovascular Anorexia [2]
Oral lesions (<10%) [2]
Extravasation [2] Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (55%) [20]
Oral ulceration (<10%)
Hypertension [2] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Cardiovascular Phlebitis (7%) Arthralgia (16%) [2]
Hypertension [2]
Central Nervous System Asthenia (fatigue) (40%) [15]
Phlebitis (<10%)
Anorexia [7] Muscle spasm (72%) [19]
Central Nervous System Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (metallic taste) Myalgia/Myopathy [5]
Anorexia [2] (>10%)
VISMODEGIB Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic substrates, CYP3A4 substrates, darunavir,

Constipation (21%) VORAPAXAR diazepam, diclofenac, didanosine, dienogest,
Diarrhea (29%) [7] docetaxel, dofetilide, dronedarone, dutasteride,
Hepatotoxicity [3] Trade name: Zontivity (Merck) efavirenz, eletriptan, eplerenone, ergot alkaloids,
Nausea (30%) [7] Indications: Reduction of thrombotic ergotamine, erlotinib, esomeprazole, estrogens,
Vomiting (14%) [2] cardiovascular events in patients with a history of eszopiclone, etravirine, everolimus, fentanyl,
myocardial infarction or with peripheral arterial fesoterodine, food, gadobutrol, gefitinib,
Endocrine/Metabolic disease
Amenorrhea [3] grapefruit juice, guanfacine, halofantrine, HMG-
Class: Protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR-1) CoA reductase inhibitors, ibrutinib, ibuprofen,
Appetite decreased (25%) [6] antagonist
Hyperglycemia [2] imatinib, irinotecan, ixabepilone, lapatinib,
Half-life: 3–4 days letermovir, lomitapide, lopinavir, losartan,
Hyponatremia (4%) [3] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Hypophosphatemia [2] macrolide antibiotics, maraviroc, meloxicam,
interactions with: boceprevir, carbamazepine, methadone, methylergonovine,
Weight loss (45%) [15] clarithromycin, conivaptan, indinavir, itraconazole, methylprednisolone, methysergide, midazolam,
Genitourinary ketoconazole, nefazodone, nelfinavir, phenytoin, midostaurin, mifepristone, mometasone,
Azotemia (2%) posaconazole, rifampin, ritonavir, saquinavir, St neratinib, nilotinib, nisoldipine, olaparib,
Other John’s wort, strong CYP3A inhibitors or inducers, ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir, omeprazole,
Adverse effects [9] telaprevir, telithromycin oxycodone, palbociclib, pantoprazole, paricalcitol,
Death [3] Pregnancy category: B pazopanib, PEG-interferon, phenobarbital,
Important contra-indications noted in the phenytoin, phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors,
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; pimecrolimus, pimozide, ponatinib, prasugrel,
pediatric patients progestins, progestogens, protease inhibitors,
VITAMIN A Note: Contra-indicated in patients with a history proton pump inhibitors, QT prolonging agents,
of stroke, transient ischemic attack, or intracranial quetiapine, quinidine, quinine, ramelteon,
Trade name: Aquasol A (aaiPharma) hemorrhage, or with active pathological bleeding. ranolazine, reboxetine, regorafenib, repaglinide,
Indications: Vitamin A deficiency Warning: BLEEDING RISK ribociclib, rifabutin, rifampin, rifapentine,
Class: Vitamin
rilpivirine, ritonavir, rivaroxaban, romidepsin,
Half-life: N/A
Skin ruxolitinib, salmeterol, saquinavir, saxagliptin,
Exanthems (2%) silodosin, simeprevir, simvastatin, sirolimus,
interactions with: acitretin, alitretinoin,
Rash (2%) solifenacin, sonidegib, sorafenib, St John’s wort,
bexarotene, cholestyramine, fish oil supplements,
sucralfate, sulfonylureas, sunitinib, tacrolimus,
isotretinoin, minocycline, orlistat, prednisone, Cardiovascular
tadalafil, tamsulosin, telaprevir, temsirolimus,
tetracycline, warfarin Cardiotoxicity [2]
tetrabenazine, tezacaftor/ivacaftor, thioridazine,
Pregnancy category: A (the pregnancy category Central Nervous System ticagrelor, tolterodine, tolvaptan, vemurafenib,
will be X if used in doses above the RDA) Depression (2%) venetoclax, venlafaxine, vitamin K antagonists,
Intracranial hemorrhage [5] ziprasidone, zolpidem
Skin Hematologic Pregnancy category: D
Dermatitis [7] Anemia (5%) Important contra-indications noted in the
Pruritus [2] Bleeding (25%) [10] prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Xerosis (<10%) pediatric patients
Ocular
Hair Diplopia (<2%)
Alopecia [11] Retinopathy (<2%) Skin
Mucosal Actinic keratoses [2]
Other
Oral mucosal eruption [2] Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis (<2%)
Adverse effects [3]
Angioedema (<2%)
Cellulitis (<2%)
Contact dermatitis (<2%)
VITAMIN E VORICONAZOLE Cyanosis (<2%)
Dermatitis (<2%)
Synonym: alpha tocopherol Trade name: Vfend (Pfizer) Diaphoresis (<2%) [2]
Trade name: Aquasol E (aaiPharma) Indications: Invasive aspergillosis Ecchymoses (<2%)
Indications: Vitamin E deficiency Class: Antibiotic, triazole, Antifungal, azole, Eczema (<2%)
Class: Vitamin CYP3A4 inhibitor Edema (<2%)
Half-life: N/A Half-life: 6–24 hours (dose dependent) Erythema [5]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Clinically important, potentially hazardous Erythema multiforme (<2%)
interactions with: amprenavir, cholestyramine, interactions with: abiraterone, alfentanil, Exfoliative dermatitis (<2%)
orlistat, tipranavir, warfarin alfuzosin, almotriptan, alosetron, amphotericin B, Facial edema (<2%)
Pregnancy category: A (the pregnancy category antineoplastics, apixaban, aprepitant, artemether/ Fixed eruption (<2%)
will be C if used in doses above the RDA) lumefantrine, astemizole, atazanavir, atorvastatin, Furunculosis (<2%)
barbiturates, benzodiazepines, boceprevir, Graft-versus-host reaction (<2%)
Skin bortezomib, bosentan, brigatinib, brinzolamide, Granulomas (<2%)
Dermatitis [13] buspirone, busulfan, cabazitaxel, cabozantinib, Herpes simplex (<2%)
Erythema multiforme [3] calcifediol, calcium channel blockers, Lentigo [2]
Sclerosing lipogranuloma [2] carbamazepine, carvedilol, chloramphenicol, Lupus erythematosus (<2%) [5]
Genitourinary chloroquine, ciclesonide, cilostazol, cinacalcet, Lymphadenopathy (<2%)
Prostate cancer (increased risk) [4] ciprofloxacin, cisapride, clopidogrel, cobicistat/ Malignancies [2]
elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide, Melanoma (<2%)
cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir Melanosis (<2%)
disoproxil, colchicine, conivaptan, copanlisib, Peripheral edema (<2%)
coumarins, crizotinib, cyclosporine, CYP2C19 Petechiae (<2%)
inhibitors and inducers, CYP2C9 inhibitors and
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual VORICONAZOLE
Photosensitivity (8%) [18] Depersonalization (<2%) Pharyngitis (<2%)

Phototoxicity [13] Depression (<2%) Pleural effusion (<2%)
Pigmentation (<2%) Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (<2%) Pneumonia (<2%)
Pruritus (8%) Encephalitis (<2%) Pneumonitis [2]
Psoriasis (<2%) Encephalopathy (<2%) [3] Pulmonary embolism (<2%)
Purpura (<2%) Euphoria (<2%) Respiratory distress (<2%)
Rash (5%) [7] Extrapyramidal symptoms (<2%) Rhinitis (<2%)
Squamous cell carcinoma (<2%) [8] Fever (6%) Sinusitis (<2%)
Stevens-Johnson syndrome (<2%) [4] Guillain–Barré syndrome (<2%) Upper respiratory tract infection (<2%)
Toxic epidermal necrolysis (<2%) [4] Hallucinations (2%) [8] Endocrine/Metabolic
Urticaria (<2%) Headache (3%) [3] ALP increased (4%)
Xerosis (<2%) [2] Hypoesthesia (<2%) ALT increased [2]
Hair Insomnia (<2%) AST increased [2]
Alopecia (<2%) [4] Intracranial pressure increased (<2%) Creatine phosphokinase increased (<2%)
Neurotoxicity [6] Diabetes insipidus (<2%)
Nails Paresthesias (<2%)
Nail changes [3] GGT increased (<2%)
Peripheral neuropathy [4] Hypercalcemia (<2%)
Mucosal Psychosis (<2%) [2] Hypercholesterolemia (<2%)
Cheilitis (<2%) [4] Seizures (<2%) Hyperglycemia (<2%)
Gingival bleeding (<2%) Somnolence (drowsiness) (<2%) Hyperkalemia (<2%)
Gingival hyperplasia/hypertrophy (<2%) Status epilepticus (<2%) Hypermagnesemia (<2%)
Gingivitis (<2%) Suicidal ideation (<2%) Hypernatremia (<2%)
Glossitis (<2%) Syncope (<2%) Hyperthyroidism (<2%)
Rectal hemorrhage (<2%) Tremor (<2%) Hyperuricemia (<2%)
Stomatitis (<2%) Vertigo (dizziness) (<2%) Hypervolemia (<2%)
Tongue edema (<2%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal Hypocalcemia (<2%)
Xerostomia (<2%) Arthralgia (<2%) [2] Hypoglycemia (<2%)
Cardiovascular Asthenia (fatigue) (<2%) [2] Hypokalemia (2%) [3]
Arrhythmias (<2%) Ataxia (<2%) Hypomagnesemia (<2%)
Atrial fibrillation (<2%) Back pain (<2%) Hyponatremia (<2%)
Atrioventricular block (<2%) Bone or joint pain (<2%) Hypophosphatemia (<2%)
Bradycardia (<2%) Hypertonia (<2%) Hypothyroidism (<2%)
Bundle branch block (<2%) Leg cramps (<2%) Libido decreased (<2%)
Cardiac arrest (<2%) Myalgia/Myopathy (<2%) Pseudoporphyria [6]
Cardiomyopathy (<2%) Osteomalacia (<2%) Genitourinary
Chest pain (<2%) Osteoporosis (<2%) Anuria (<2%)
Congestive heart failure (<2%) Periostitis deformans [23] Cystitis (<2%)
Extrasystoles (<2%) Skeletal fluorosis [2] Dysmenorrhea (<2%)
Hypertension (<2%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Dysuria (<2%)
Hypotension (<2%) Abdominal pain (<2%) Epididymitis (<2%)
Myocardial infarction (<2%) Ascites (<2%) Glycosuria (<2%)
Palpitation (<2%) Black stools (<2%) Hematuria (<2%)
Phlebitis (<2%) Cholecystitis (<2%) Impotence (<2%)
Postural hypotension (<2%) Cholelithiasis (gallstones) (<2%) Oliguria (<2%)
QT prolongation (<2%) [11] Constipation (<2%) Urinary incontinence (<2%)
Supraventricular tachycardia (<2%) Diarrhea (<2%) [2] Urinary retention (<2%)
Tachycardia (2%) [2] Duodentitis (<2%) Urinary tract infection (<2%)
Thrombophlebitis (<2%) Dyspepsia (<2%) Uterine bleeding (<2%)
Torsades de pointes [7] Dysphagia (<2%) Vaginal bleeding (<2%)
Vasodilation (<2%) Esophagitis (<2%)
Ventricular arrhythmia (<2%) Renal
Flatulence (<2%) Nephrotoxicity (<2%) [5]
Ventricular fibrillation (<2%) Gastroenteritis (<2%)
Ventricular tachycardia (<2%) Renal tubular necrosis (<2%)
Gastrointestinal bleeding (<2%)
Central Nervous System Gastrointestinal perforation (<2%) Hematologic
Abnormal dreams (<2%) Gastrointestinal ulceration (<2%) Agranulocytosis (<2%)
Ageusia (taste loss) (<2%) Hematemesis (<2%) Anemia (<2%)
Agitation (<2%) Hepatic failure (<2%) Bone marrow suppression (<2%)
Akathisia (<2%) Hepatotoxicity [19] Eosinophilia (<2%)
Amnesia (<2%) Nausea (5%) [3] Hemolytic anemia (<2%)
Anorexia (<2%) Pancreatitis (<2%) Leukopenia (<2%)
Anxiety (<2%) Peritonitis (<2%) Pancytopenia (<2%)
Cerebral edema (<2%) Pseudomembranous colitis (<2%) Prothrombin time increased (<2%)
Cerebral hemorrhage (<2%) Vomiting (4%) [2] Sepsis (<2%)
Cerebral ischemia (<2%) Thrombocytopenia (<2%)
Respiratory
Cerebrovascular accident (<2%) Cough (<2%) Otic
Chills (4%) Dysphonia (<2%) Ear pain (<2%)
Coma (<2%) Dyspnea (<2%) Hearing loss (<2%)
Confusion (<2%) [2] Flu-like syndrome (<2%) Hypoacusis (<2%)
Delirium (<2%) [2] Hemoptysis (<2%) Tinnitus (<2%)
Dementia (<2%) Hypoxia (<2%)
VORICONAZOLE See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Ocular Central Nervous System Insomnia [7]

Abnormal vision (19%) Anorexia [5] Somnolence (drowsiness) [4]
Accommodation disorder (<2%) Chills (16%) Vertigo (dizziness) (6–9%) [18]
Blepharitis (<2%) Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (28%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Conjunctivitis (<2%) Fever (10%) Asthenia (fatigue) [7]
Corneal opacity (<2%) Headache (12%)
Diplopia (<2%) Vertigo (dizziness) (15%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Hallucinations, visual [5] Constipation (3–6%) [13]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Diarrhea (7–10%) [16]
Keratitis (<2%) Asthenia (fatigue) (52%) [11]
Keratoconjunctivitis (<2%) Flatulence (<3%)
Mydriasis (<2%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Nausea (21–32%) [38]
Night blindness (<2%) Abdominal pain [2] Vomiting (3–6%) [17]
Nystagmus (<2%) Constipation [2] Respiratory
Ocular adverse effects [2] Diarrhea [7] Nasopharyngitis [6]
Ocular hemorrhage (<2%) Nausea [10] Upper respiratory tract infection [2]
Ocular pain (<2%) Vomiting [4]
Endocrine/Metabolic
Oculogyric crisis (<2%) Respiratory Weight gain [2]
Optic atrophy (<2%) Cough (11%)
Optic neuritis (<2%) Upper respiratory tract infection (10%) Genitourinary
Papilledema (<2%) Sexual dysfunction (<5%) [10]
Endocrine/Metabolic
Photophobia (2%) Creatine phosphokinase increased [2] Other
Retinitis (<2%) Dehydration [2] Adverse effects [2]
Scleritis (<2%) Hyperglycemia [3]
Uveitis (<2%) Weight loss [4]
Visual disturbances (19%) [15] WARFARIN
Xerophthalmia (<2%) Renal
Renal failure [2]
Local Trade name: Coumadin (Bristol-Myers Squibb)
Injection-site infection (<2%) Hematologic Indications: Thromboembolic disease,
Injection-site inflammation (<2%) Anemia (14%) [7] pulmonary embolism
Injection-site pain (<2%) Febrile neutropenia [2] Class: Anticoagulant, Coumarin
Hemotoxicity [2] Half-life: 1.5–2.5 days (highly variable)
Other Leukopenia [3]
Adverse effects (20%) [12] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Lymphopenia [6] interactions with: acemetacin, amiodarone,
Infection (<2%) Neutropenia [10]
Multiorgan failure (<2%) amobarbital, amprenavir, antithyroid agents,
Thrombocytopenia [15] aprepitant, aprobarbital, aspirin, atazanavir,
Periodontal infection (<2%)
Other atorvastatin, azathioprine, azithromycin,
Adverse effects [2] barbiturates, beclomethasone, betamethasone,
bezafibrate, bismuth, bivalirudin, boceprevir,
VORINOSTAT bosentan, butabarbital, capecitabine, cefixime,
celecoxib, ceritinib, chondroitin, cimetidine,
Trade name: Zolinza (Merck) VORTIOXETINE ciprofloxacin, clarithromycin, clofibrate,
Indications: Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma clopidogrel, clorazepate, co-trimoxazole,
Class: Antineoplastic, Histone deacetylase Trade name: Trintellix (formerly Brintellix)
(Takeda) cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir
(HDAC) inhibitor alafenamide, cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/
Half-life: ~2 hours Indications: Major depressive disorder
Class: Antidepressant, Serotonin receptor tenofovir disoproxil, colesevelam, cyclosporine,
Clinically important, potentially hazardous danazol, daptomycin, darunavir, delavirdine,
interactions with: alfuzosin, artemether/ agonist, Serotonin receptor antagonist, Serotonin
reuptake inhibitor desvenlafaxine, dexamethasone, dexibuprofen,
lumefantrine, chloroquine, ciprofloxacin, dexlansoprazole, diclofenac, dicloxacillin,
coumarins, dronedarone, gadobutrol, nilotinib, Half-life: ~66 hours
Clinically important, potentially hazardous dirithromycin, disulfiram, dronedarone,
pimozide, QT prolonging agents, quinine, duloxetine, econazole, efavirenz, enzalutamide,
tetrabenazine, thioridazine, valproic acid, vitamin interactions with: bupropion, carbamazepine,
fluoxetine, MAO inhibitors, paroxetine ergotamine, erlotinib, erythromycin,
K antagonists, ziprasidone eslicarbazepine, etoricoxib, exenatide,
Pregnancy category: D hydrochloride, phenytoin, quinidine, rifampin
Pregnancy category: C fenofibrate, fluconazole, flunisolide,
Important contra-indications noted in the fluoxymesterone, fosamprenavir, gefitinib,
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; gemfibrozil, glucagon, grapefruit juice, heparin,
pediatric patients imatinib, influenza vaccine, itraconazole,
pediatric patients
Warning: SUICIDAL THOUGHTS AND ketoconazole, leflunomide, lepirudin, letermovir,
Skin BEHAVIORS levofloxacin, levothyroxine, liothyronine,
Exanthems [2] liraglutide, lomitapide, lopinavir, menadione,
Peripheral edema (13%) mephobarbital, methimazole, methyl salicylate,
Pruritus (12%) Skin methylprednisolone, methyltestosterone,
Hyperhidrosis [6] metronidazole, miconazole, mifepristone,
Hair Pruritus (<3%)
Alopecia (19%) [2] moricizine, moxifloxacin, nafcillin, nalidixic acid,
Mucosal nandrolone, nilutamide, norfloxacin, obeticholic
Mucosal Xerostomia (6–8%) [18] acid, ofloxacin, omeprazole, oritavancin, orlistat,
Mucositis [2] pantoprazole, PEG-interferon, penicillin G,
Xerostomia (16%) Central Nervous System
penicillin V, penicillins, pentobarbital,
Abnormal dreams (<3%) [2]
Cardiovascular Agitation [2]
phenobarbital, phenylbutazones, phytonadione,
QT prolongation [3] piperacillin, piroxicam, prasugrel, primidone,
Anxiety [2]
propoxyphene, propranolol, propylthiouracil,
Headache [25]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual YOHIMBINE
quinidine, quinine, rabeprazole, resveratrol, Other

rifampin, rifapentine, rofecoxib, romidepsin, Adverse effects [9] YELLOW FEVER
ropinirole, rosuvastatin, roxithromycin, Death [3]
salicylates, secobarbital, simvastatin, sitaxentan,
VACCINE
sorafenib, St John’s wort, stanozolol,
Trade names: Stamaril (Sanofi Pasteur), YF-VAX
sulfamethoxazole, sulfinpyrazone, sulfisoxazole,
sulfonamides, sulindac, tamsulosin, tegafur/
WILLOW BARK (Sanofi Pasteur)
Indications: Immunization against yellow fever
gimeracil/oteracil, telaprevir, telithromycin, Family: Salicaceae Class: Vaccine
teriflunomide, testosterone, tibolone, tigecycline, Scientific names: Salix alba, Salix fragilis, Salix Half-life: N/A
tinidazole, tolmetin, tolterodine, triamcinolone, purpurea Clinically important, potentially hazardous
troleandomycin, uracil/tegafur, valdecoxib, Indications: Colds, infections, headaches, pain, interactions with: azathioprine, belimumab,
vemurafenib, venlafaxine, vilazodone, vitamin A, muscle and joint aches, influenza, gouty arthritis, corticosteroids, fingolimod, hydroxychloroquine,
vitamin E, zafirlukast, zileuton ankylosing spondylitis, rheumatoid arthritis, immunosuppressants, interferon-gamma,
Pregnancy category: X (category D for women osteoarthritis leflunomide, mercaptopurine, prednisone,
with mechanical heart valves) Class: Anti-inflammatory tocilizumab, ustekinumab
Note: Alternative remedies, including herbals, Half-life: N/A Pregnancy category: C
may potentially increase the risk of bleeding or Clinically important, potentially hazardous Important contra-indications noted in the
potentiate the effects of warfarin therapy. Some interactions with: NSAIDs, salicylates prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
of these include the following: angelica root, Pregnancy category: N/A mothers; pediatric patients
arnica flower, anise, asafetida, bogbean, borage
Note: Contra-indicated in patients with
seed oil, bromelain, dan-shen, devil’s claw,
hypersensitivity to egg or chick embryo protein.
fenugreek, feverfew, garlic, ginger, ginkgo biloba,
ginseng, horse chestnut, lovage root, XYLOMETAZOLINE
meadowsweet, onion, parsley, passionflower Skin
herb, poplar, quassia, red clover, rue, turmeric Trade name: Otrivine (Novartis) Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis [8]
and willow bark. Indications: Nasal congestion, perennial and Hypersensitivity [2]
Warning: BLEEDING RISK allergic rhinitis, sinusitis Rash (3%)
Class: Alpha adrenoceptor agonist Urticaria [2]
Half-life: N/A
Bullous dermatitis [2] Encephalopathy [4]
Calcification [3] Fever (low-grade) (<5%) [3]
Dermatitis [2] Headache (<30%) [2]
Ecchymoses [2] Myelitis [2]
Exanthems [7] Neurotoxicity [11]
Gangrene [6] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Hematoma [3] Mucosal
Asthenia (fatigue) (10–30%) [2]
Hypersensitivity [3] Epistaxis (nosebleed) [2]
Necrosis (>10%) [117] Mucosal bleeding [2]
Pruritus [2] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Purplish erythema (feet and toes) [8] Diarrhea (<10%) [2]
Hepatitis [2]
Purpura [3] YARROW Nausea (<10%)
Rash [2]
Urticaria [3] Vomiting (<10%) [2]
Family: Compositae
Vasculitis [7] Scientific name: Achillea millefolium Respiratory
Hair Indications: Fevers, common cold, essential Influenza [2]
Alopecia (>10%) [6] hypertension, digestive complaints, loss of Local
appetite, amenorrhea, dysentery, diarrhea, Infusion-site erythema (<5%)
Cardiovascular cerebral and coronary thromboses, menstrual
Myocardial infarction [2] Infusion-site pain (<5%)
pain, bleeding piles, toothache, muscle spasms,
Central Nervous System gastrointestinal disorders. Topical: slow-healing
Other
Headache [2] wounds, skin inflammations, cosmetics
Intracranial hemorrhage [2] Class: Anti-inflammatory
Death [13]
Vertigo (dizziness) [2] Half-life: N/A
Multiorgan failure [3]
Viscerotropic disease [20]
Rhabdomyolysis [2] interactions with: anticoagulants, antiepileptics,
hypertensives, hypotensives
Black stools [2]
Pregnancy category: N/A YOHIMBINE
Gastrointestinal bleeding [5] Family: Rubiaceae
Hematemesis [2] Skin
Scientific name: Pausinystalia yohimbe
Dermatitis [4]
Genitourinary Indications: Impotence, alpha2-adrenergic
Priapism [4] blocker, orthostatic hypertension
Class: Rauwolfia alkaloid
Renal
Nephrotoxicity [4]
Hematologic interactions with: amitriptyline, benazepril,
Anticoagulation [3] captopril, clevidipine, lisinopril, terbutaline,
Bleeding [18] tricyclic antidepressants
Hemorrhage [8] Pregnancy category: N/A
Prothrombin time increased [5]
Thrombosis [2]
YOHIMBINE Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com
Skin Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Flushing [2] ZALCITABINE Asthenia (fatigue) (5–7%)
Mucosal Ataxia [2]
Synonyms: dideoxycytidine; ddC
Sialorrhea [2] Trade name: Hivid (Roche) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Cardiovascular Indications: Advanced HIV infection Abdominal pain (6%)
Hypertension [5] Class: Antiretroviral, Nucleoside analog reverse Nausea (6–8%)
Tachycardia [4] transcriptase inhibitor Vomiting [2]
Central Nervous System Half-life: 2.9 hours Genitourinary
Agitation [2] Clinically important, potentially hazardous Dysmenorrhea (3–4%)
Anxiety [6] interactions with: none known Otic
Headache [3] Pregnancy category: C Hyperacusis (<2%)
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Ocular
Hepatotoxicity [4] mothers; pediatric patients Ocular pain (3–4%)
Genitourinary Other
Urinary frequency [2] Skin Adverse effects [2]
Edema [3] Viscerotropic disease [2]
Exanthems [9]
ZAFIRLUKAST Pruritus (3–5%)
Rash (2–11%) [2] ZANAMIVIR
Trade name: Accolate (AstraZeneca) Urticaria (3%)
Indications: Asthma Mucosal Trade name: Relenza (GSK)
Class: Leukotriene receptor antagonist Aphthous stomatitis [6] Indications: Influenza A and B
Half-life: 10 hours Oral lesions (40–73%) [3] Class: Antiviral, Neuraminidase inhibitor
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Oral ulceration (3–64%) [4] Half-life: 2.5–5.1 hours
interactions with: aminophylline, aspirin, Stomatitis (3%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
carvedilol, CYP2C9 substrates, CYP3A4 interactions with: live attenuated influenza
substrates, erythromycin, high protein foods, Central Nervous System vaccine
interferon alfa, primidone, vitamin K antagonists, Neurotoxicity [2] Pregnancy category: C
warfarin Neuromuscular/Skeletal Important contra-indications noted in the
Pregnancy category: B Myalgia/Myopathy (<6%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers
Important contra-indications noted in the Other
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Side effects [2] Skin
pediatric patients Urticaria (<2%)
Note: Contra-indicated in patients with hepatic
impairment including hepatic cirrhosis. Mucosal
ZALEPLON Nasal discomfort (12%)
Trade name: Sonata (Wyeth) Anorexia (4%)
Churg-Strauss syndrome [6] Indications: Insomnia Chills (5–9%)
Central Nervous System Class: Hypnotic, non-benzodiazepine Fever (5–9%)
Fever (2%) Half-life: 1 hour Headache (13–24%) [2]
Headache (13%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous Vertigo (dizziness) (<2%)
Pain (generalized) (2%) interactions with: alcohol, cimetidine,
Vertigo (dizziness) (2%) erythromycin, imipramine, ketoconazole, Neuromuscular/Skeletal
promethazine, rifampin, rifapentine, thioridazine Arthralgia (<2%)
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Asthenia (fatigue) (5–8%)
Asthenia (fatigue) (2%) Pregnancy category: C
Important contra-indications noted in the Bone or joint pain (6%)
Back pain (2%) Myalgia/Myopathy (<8%)
Myalgia/Myopathy (2%) prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
pediatric patients Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Abdominal pain (<2%)
Abdominal pain (2%) Diarrhea (3%) [2]
Diarrhea (3%) Cardiovascular
Tachycardia [2] Nausea (3%) [2]
Nausea (3%)
Vomiting (2%) Central Nervous System Respiratory
Amnesia (2–4%) Bronchitis (2%)
Respiratory Bronchospasm [3]
Cough [2] Anorexia (<2%)
Confusion [2] Cough (7–17%)
Other Depersonalization (<2%) Respiratory failure [2]
Infection (4%) Hallucinations [3] Sinusitis (2%)
Headache (30–42%) [3] Upper respiratory tract infection (3–13%)
Hypoesthesia (<2%) [2]
Paresthesias (3%) Endocrine/Metabolic
Parosmia (<2%) Appetite decreased (4%)
Slurred speech [2] Appetite increased (4%)
Somnambulism [2] Other
Somnolence (drowsiness) (5–6%) [4] Infection (2%)
Tremor (2%)
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual ZIPRASIDONE
Pancreatitis [3]
ZIDOVUDINE Vomiting [2] ZIPRASIDONE
Synonyms: azidothymidine; AZT Endocrine/Metabolic Trade name: Geodon (Pfizer)
Trade names: Combivir (ViiV), Retrovir (ViiV), Acidosis [6] Indications: Schizophrenia, bipolar I disorder
Trizivir (ViiV) Hematologic Class: Antipsychotic
Indications: HIV infection Anemia [14] Half-life: 7 hours
Class: Antiretroviral, Nucleoside analog reverse Neutropenia [3] Clinically important, potentially hazardous
transcriptase inhibitor Other interactions with: acetylcholinesterase
Half-life: 0.5–3 hours Adverse effects [9] inhibitors, alcohol, alfuzosin, amitriptyline,
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Teratogenicity [2] amoxapine, amphetamines, antifungals, arsenic,
interactions with: atovaquone, bone marrow artemether/lumefantrine, asenapine, astemizole,
suppressives, clarithromycin, darunavir, carbamazepine, chloroquine, ciprofloxacin,
diclofenac, doxorubicin, fluconazole, ganciclovir, citalopram, CNS depressants, conivaptan,
indinavir, interferon alfa, interferon beta, lopinavir, ZILEUTON dasatinib, degarelix, dolasetron, dopamine
meloxicam, methadone, NSAIDs, PEG- agonists, dopamine agonists, dronedarone, food,
interferon, phenytoin, probenecid, Trade name: Zyflo (AbbVie) gadobutrol, ketoconazole, lapatinib, levodopa,
pyrimethamine, ribavirin, rifampin, rifapentine, Indications: Asthma levofloxacin, lithium, methylphenidate,
stavudine, tipranavir, valproic acid Class: Leukotriene receptor antagonist metoclopramide, moxifloxacin, nilotinib,
Pregnancy category: C Half-life: 2.5 hours pazopanib, pimavanserin, pimozide, QT
Important contra-indications noted in the Clinically important, potentially hazardous prolonging agents, quinagolide, quinine,
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing interactions with: anisindione, anticoagulants, ranolazine, St John’s wort, telavancin,
mothers astemizole, dicumarol, methylergonovine, telithromycin, tetrabenazine, thioridazine,
Note: Combivir is zidovudine and lamivudine; pimozide, propranolol, warfarin voriconazole, vorinostat
Trizivir is zidovudine, abacavir and lamivudine. Pregnancy category: C Pregnancy category: C
Warning: HEMATOLOGICAL TOXICITY, Important contra-indications noted in the Important contra-indications noted in the
MYOPATHY, LACTIC ACIDOSIS AND SEVERE prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing
HEPATOMEGALY, and EXACERBATIONS OF pediatric patients mothers; pediatric patients
HEPATITIS B Note: Ziprasidone should be avoided in patients
Neuromuscular/Skeletal with congenital long QT syndrome or a history of
Skin Myalgia/Myopathy (3%) cardiac arrhythmias.
Acneform eruption (<5%) Warning: INCREASED MORTALITY IN
Bromhidrosis (<5%) ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH DEMENTIA-
Diaphoresis (5–19%) ZINC RELATED PSYCHOSIS
Edema of lip (<5%)
Erythema multiforme [2] Trade name: Cold-Eeze (The Quigley Corp) Skin
Exanthems (<5%) [6] Indications: Supplement to intravenous solutions Angioedema [2]
Lipoatrophy [2] given for total parenteral nutrition (TPN) Diaphoresis (2%)
Lipodystrophy [2] Class: Food supplement, Trace element DRESS syndrome [2]
Pigmentation [10] Half-life: N/A Fungal dermatitis (2%)
Pruritus [4] Clinically important, potentially hazardous Furunculosis (2%)
Rash (17%) [8] interactions with: chlorothiazide, Lupus erythematosus [2]
Stevens-Johnson syndrome [4] chlortetracycline, chlorthalidone, ciprofloxacin, Rash (4%)
Toxic epidermal necrolysis [3] cisplatin, deferoxamine, demeclocycline, Urticaria (5%)
Urticaria (<5%) [2] doxycycline, eltrombopag, ethambutol, ferrous Mucosal
Vasculitis [2] sulfate, gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, Rectal hemorrhage (2%)
Hair hydrochlorothiazide, indapamide, levofloxacin, Sialorrhea (4%)
Alopecia [2] lymecycline, metolozone, minocycline, Tongue edema (3%)
Hypertrichosis (eyelashes) [2] moxifloxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, Xerostomia (<5%)
oxytetracycline, propofol, tetracycline, valproic
Nails acid Cardiovascular
Nail pigmentation [27] Pregnancy category: C Bradycardia (2%)
Mucosal Note: Zinc is found in meats, seafood, dairy Chest pain (3%)
Oral lichenoid eruption [2] products, legumes, nuts, whole grains. Zinc oxide Hypertension (2–3%)
Oral pigmentation [7] and zinc sulfate are used to fortify wheat Postural hypotension (5%)
Oral ulceration (<5%) products. QT prolongation [22]
Tongue edema (<5%) Tachycardia (2%) [2]
Tongue pigmentation [4] Torsades de pointes [6]
Skin
Central Nervous System Churg-Strauss syndrome [2] Central Nervous System
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (5–19%) [2] Dermatitis [4] Agitation (2%) [3]
Headache [3] Akathisia (2–10%) [5]
Mucosal Anorexia (2%)
Paresthesias (<8%) Oral mucosal irritation [2] Anxiety (2–5%) [2]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Central Nervous System Depression [2]
Asthenia (fatigue) [3] Anosmia [2] Dyskinesia (<10%) [2]
Myalgia/Myopathy [5] Dysgeusia (taste perversion) [5] Extrapyramidal symptoms (2–31%) [6]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Headache (3–18%) [3]
Abdominal pain [3] Hyperesthesia (<2%)
Diarrhea [2] Hypokinesia (<5%)
Hepatotoxicity [2] Insomnia (3%) [5]
Nausea [3] Mania [2]
ZIPRASIDONE See all our books at www.crcpress.com
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome [6] Dermatomyositis [3] Renal

Paralysis (<10%) Edema [3] Fanconi syndrome [2]
Paresthesias (<2%) Neoplasms (malignant / aggrevated) (20%) Nephrotoxicity [15]
Sedation [4] Peripheral edema (5–21%) Renal failure [4]
Somnolence (drowsiness) (8–31%) [10] Rash [3] Renal function abnormal [2]
Speech disorder (2%) Hair Hematologic
Tardive dyskinesia [5] Alopecia (12%) Anemia (22–33%) [8]
Tremor (<10%) [2] Granulocytopenia (5–10%)
Twitching (<10%) Mucosal
Mucositis (5–10%) Neutropenia (12%)
Vertigo (dizziness) (3–16%) [2] Pancytopenia (5–10%)
Stomatitis (8%)
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Thrombocytopenia (5–10%)
Asthenia (fatigue) (2–6%) [2] Cardiovascular
Atrial fibrillation [3] Ocular
Dystonia (<10%) [6] Ocular adverse effects [2]
Hypertonia (<10%) Chest pain (5–10%)
Hypotension (11%) Ocular inflammation [3]
Myalgia/Myopathy (2%) Scleritis [2]
Rhabdomyolysis [2] Central Nervous System Uveitis [10]
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Agitation (13%)
Anorexia (9–22%) Other
Abdominal pain (<2%) Adverse effects [6]
Constipation (2–9%) Anxiety (11–14%)
Chills [2] Infection (5–10%)
Diarrhea (3–5%)
Dyspepsia (<8%) Confusion (7–13%)
Dysphagia (2%) Depression (14%)
Nausea (4–12%) [2] Fever (32–44%) [20] ZOLMITRIPTAN
Vomiting (3–5%) Headache (5–19%) [4]
Hypoesthesia (12%) Trade name: Zomig (AstraZeneca)
Respiratory Insomnia (15–16%) Indications: Migraine attacks
Cough (increased) (3%) Paresthesias (15%) Class: 5-HT1 agonist, Serotonin receptor agonist,
Dyspnea (2%) Rigors (11%) Triptan
Pharyngitis (3%) Seizures [2] Half-life: 3 hours
Respiratory tract infection (8%) Somnolence (drowsiness) (5–10%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Rhinitis (<4%) Vertigo (dizziness) (18%) interactions with: cimetidine, ciprofloxacin,
Upper respiratory tract infection (8%) dihydroergotamine, ergot-containing drugs,
Endocrine/Metabolic Arthralgia (5–10%) [9] fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, isocarboxazid,
Diabetes mellitus [2] Asthenia (fatigue) (5–39%) [11] levofloxacin, MAO inhibitors, methysergide,
Galactorrhea [3] Back pain (15%) moclobemide, moxifloxacin, naratriptan,
Weight gain [7] Bone or joint pain (12–55%) [15] norfloxacin, ofloxacin, oral contraceptives,
Genitourinary Fractures [4] phenelzine, propranolol, rizatriptan, sertraline,
Dysmenorrhea (2%) Myalgia/Myopathy (23%) [7] sibutramine, SNRIs, SSRIs, St John’s wort,
Priapism [4] Osteonecrosis [53] sumatriptan, tranylcypromine
Pain in extremities (14%) Pregnancy category: C
Ocular Important contra-indications noted in the
Abnormal vision (3–6%) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers;
Local Abdominal pain (14–16%) pediatric patients
Infusion-site pain (7–9%) Constipation (27–31%) [3]
Diarrhea (17–24%) [2]
Other Dyspepsia (10%) Skin
Adverse effects [8] Dysphagia (5–10%) Diaphoresis (2–3%)
Death [2] Hepatotoxicity [3] Hot flashes (>10%)
Nausea (29–46%) [12] Mucosal
Vomiting (14–32%) [2] Xerostomia (3–5%)
ZOLEDRONATE Respiratory Cardiovascular
Cough (12–22%) Chest pain (2–4%)
Synonym: zoledronic acid Dyspnea (22–27%) Myocardial infarction [4]
Trade names: Aclasta (Novartis), Reclast Flu-like syndrome [9]
(Novartis), Zometa (Novartis) Central Nervous System
Pharyngolaryngeal pain (8%) Dysgeusia (taste perversion) [4]
Indications: Hypercalcemia of malignancy, Upper respiratory tract infection (10%)
Paget’s disease, osteoporosis Headache [2]
Class: Bisphosphonate Endocrine/Metabolic Neurotoxicity [2]
Half-life: 7 days Appetite decreased (13%) Paresthesias (5–9%) [6]
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Creatine phosphokinase increased [2] Somnolence (drowsiness) (5–8%)
interactions with: aminoglycosides, Dehydration (5–14%) Vertigo (dizziness) (2–10%) [3]
bisphosphonates, loop diuretics, nephrotoxics Hyperparathyroidism [2] Warm feeling (5–7%)
Pregnancy category: D Hypocalcemia (5–10%) [26] Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Important contra-indications noted in the Hypokalemia (12%) Jaw pain (4–10%)
prescribing guidelines for: the elderly; nursing Hypomagnesemia (11%) Myalgia/Myopathy (2%) [2]
mothers; pediatric patients Hypophosphatemia (13%) [4] Neck pain (4–10%)
Weight loss (16%)
Skin Genitourinary Dyspepsia (<3%)
Candidiasis (12%) Urinary tract infection (12–14%) Dysphagia (<2%)
Dermatitis (11%) Nausea (4–9%) [2]
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual ZOSTER VACCINE
Renal Respiratory Diarrhea (5%)

Nephrotoxicity [2] Flu-like syndrome (2%) Dyspepsia (3%)
Other Pharyngitis (3%) Nausea (9%) [2]
Adverse effects [6] Sinusitis (4%) Vomiting [2]
Ocular Respiratory
Hallucinations, visual [8] Flu-like syndrome (4%)
Pneumonitis [2]
ZOLPIDEM Other
Rhinitis (2%)
Adverse effects [8]
Trade name: Ambien (Sanofi-Aventis) Allergic reactions (4%) Endocrine/Metabolic
Indications: Insomnia Appetite decreased [7]
Class: Hypnotic, non-benzodiazepine Weight loss (3%) [20]
ZONISAMIDE Renal
Nephrolithiasis [4]
interactions with: alcohol, antihistamines, Trade name: Zonegran (Concordia) Nephrotoxicity [2]
azatadine, azelastine, brompheniramine, Indications: Epilepsy
buclizine, chlorpheniramine, chlorpromazine, Ocular
Class: Anticonvulsant, Antiepileptic, sulfonamide Diplopia (6%) [2]
cimetidine, clemastine, cobicistat/elvitegravir/ Half-life: 63 hours
emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide, cobicistat/ Nystagmus (4%)
elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil, interactions with: caffeine, metformin Other
dexchlorpheniramine, erythromycin, imipramine, Pregnancy category: C Adverse effects [12]
ketoconazole, meclizine, pizotifen, ramelteon, Important contra-indications noted in the Side effects [4]
rifampin, rifapentine, ritonavir, telaprevir, prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Teratogenicity [2]
voriconazole pediatric patients
Pregnancy category: C Note: Zonisamide is a sulfonamide and can be
absorbed systemically. Sulfonamides can produce ZOSTER VACCINE
severe, possibly fatal, reactions such as toxic
pediatric patients epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson Trade name: Zostavax (Oka/Merck)
syndrome. Indications: To reduce the risk of developing
Skin herpes zoster (in people over 60)
Rash (2%) Skin Class: Vaccine
Mucosal DRESS syndrome [3] Half-life: N/A
Xerostomia (3%) [3] Ecchymoses (2%) Clinically important, potentially hazardous
Hypersensitivity [4] interactions with: none known
Cardiovascular Pregnancy category: C
Palpitation (2%) Oligohydrosis [8]
Tachycardia [2] Purpura (2%)
Torsades de pointes [2] Rash (3%) [6] Skin
Stevens-Johnson syndrome [3] Herpes zoster [7]
Central Nervous System Rash [2]
Amnesia [16] Mucosal
Anxiety [2] Xerostomia (2%) Central Nervous System
Compulsions [2] Central Nervous System Fever (<2%)
Confusion [3] Agitation (9%) [4] Headache [4]
Delirium [5] Anorexia (13%) [9] Respiratory
Depression (2%) Anxiety (3%) Flu-like syndrome (<2%)
Dysgeusia (taste perversion) [4] Cognitive impairment (6%) [4] Local
Gait instability [3] Confusion (6%) Injection-site edema [3]
Hallucinations [13] Depression (6%) [4] Injection-site erythema [3]
Headache (7%) [11] Dysgeusia (taste perversion) (2%) Injection-site pain [4]
Nightmares [2] Fever [2] Injection-site reactions [11]
Seizures [7] Headache (10%) [7]
Sleep related disorder [19] Insomnia (6%) Other
Slurred speech [2] Irritability (9%) [4] Adverse effects [2]
Somnambulism [16] Mania [2] Death [2]
Somnolence (drowsiness) (2–8%) [10] Nervousness (2%)
Vertigo (dizziness) (<5%) [12] Neuroleptic malignant syndrome [2]
Neuromuscular/Skeletal Paresthesias (4%)
Asthenia (fatigue) (3%) [4] Psychosis [3]
Ataxia [3] Restless legs syndrome [3]
Back pain (3%) Schizophrenia (2%)
Fractures [2] Somnolence (drowsiness) (17%) [22]
Myalgia/Myopathy (7%) Speech disorder (2–5%)
Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Vertigo (dizziness) (13%) [18]
Abdominal pain (2%)
Constipation (2%) Neuromuscular/Skeletal
Diarrhea (<3%) Asthenia (fatigue) (7–8%) [9]
Hepatotoxicity [2] Ataxia (6%) [3]
Nausea [5] Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Vomiting [2] Abdominal pain (6%)
Constipation (2%)
ZOTAROLIMUS Over 100 updates per week on www.drugeruptiondata.com

ZOTAROLIMUS Important contra-indications noted in the Headache (4–13%)
prescribing guidelines for: nursing mothers; Pain (13–63%)
Trade names: Endeavor (Medtronic), ZoMaxx pediatric patients
Drug-Eluting Coronary Stent (AbbVie) Gastrointestinal/Hepatic
Indications: Ischemic heart disease, restenosis Abdominal pain (<6%)
Class: Angiogenesis inhibitor, Macrolide Skin Diarrhea (<6%)
immunosuppressant (derivative of sirolimus), Rash (<6%) Genitourinary
mTOR inhibitor Xerosis (<13%) Hematuria (<13%)
Half-life: 33–36 hours Cardiovascular Local
Clinically important, potentially hazardous Cardiotoxicity [4] Application-site reactions (13–63%)
interactions with: ketoconazole, sirolimus Myocardial infarction [3] Injection-site reactions (13–38%)
Subacute thrombosis [2]
DESCRIPTIONS OF IMPORTANT REACTIONS
Acanthosis nigricans Ageusia

Acanthosis nigricans (AN) is a process characterized by a soft, velvety, Ageusia is the loss of taste functions of the tongue, essentially the inability to
brown or grayish-black thickening of the skin that is symmetrically detect sweet, sour, bitter, or salty substances, and umami (the taste of
distributed over the axillae, neck, inguinal areas and other body folds. monosodium glutamate).
While most cases of AN are seen in obese and prepubertal children, it can Atorvastatin, captopril, enalapril, indomethacin, and paroxetine are some
occur as a marker for various endocrinopathies as well as in female patients of the drugs that can occasion ageusia.
with elevated testosterone levels, irregular menses, and hirsutism.
It is frequently a concomitant of an underlying malignant condition, Alopecia
principally an adenocarcinoma of the intestinal tract. Many drugs have been reported to occasion hair loss. Commonly appearing
as a diffuse alopecia, it affects women more frequently than men and is
Acneform lesions limited in most instances to the scalp. Axillary and pubic hairs are rarely
Acneform eruptions are inflammatory follicular reactions that resemble acne affected except with anticoagulants.
vulgaris and that are manifested clinically as papules or pustules. They are The hair loss from cytostatic agents, which is dose-dependent and begins
monomorphic reactions, have a monomorphic appearance, and are found about 2 weeks after the onset of therapy, is a result of the interruption of the
primarily on the upper parts of the body. Unlike acne vulgaris, there are anagen (growing) cycle of hair. With other drugs the hair loss does not begin
rarely comedones present. Consider a drug-induced acneform eruption if: until 2–5 months after the medication has been begun. With cholesterol-
l The onset is sudden lowering drugs, diffuse alopecia is a result of interference with normal
l There is a worsening of existing acne lesions keratinization.
The scalp is normal and the drug-induced alopecia is almost always
l The extent is considerable from the outset
reversible within 1–3 months after the therapy has been discontinued. The
l The appearance is monomorphic regrown hair is frequently depigmented and occasionally more curly
l The localization is unusual for acne as, for example, when the distal The most frequent offenders are cytostatic agents and anticoagulants, but
extremities are involved hair loss can occur with a variety of common drugs, including hormones,
l The patient’s age is unusual for regular acne anticonvulsants, amantadine, amiodarone, captopril, cholesterol-lowering
l There is an exposure to a potentially responsible drug. drugs, cimetidine, colchicine, etretinate, isotretinoin, ketoconazole, heavy
metals, lithium, penicillamine, valproic acid, and propranolol.
The most common drugs responsible for acneform eruptions are: ACTH,
androgenic hormones, anticonvulsants (hydantoin derivatives, phenobarbital, Angioedema
trimethadione), corticosteroids, danazol, disulfiram, halogens (bromides,
Angioedema is a term applied to a variant of urticaria in which the
chlorides, iodides), lithium, oral contraceptives, tuberculostatics (ethiona-
subcutaneous tissues, rather than the dermis, are mainly involved.
mide, isoniazid, rifampin), vitamins B2, B6 and B12.
Also known as Quincke’s edema, giant urticaria, and angioneurotic edema,
this acute, evanescent, skin-colored, circumscribed edema usually affects the
Acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis
most distensible tissues: the lips, eyelids, earlobes, and genitalia. It can also
Acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis is a disorder that appears more affect the mucous membranes of the tongue, mouth, and larynx.
frequently in females and has several characteristic features. Symptoms of angioedema, frequently unilateral, asymmetrical and non-
The lesions - tender, erythematous or purple, annular plaques or nodules - pruritic, last for an hour or two but can persist for 2–5 days.
appear suddenly and are most prominent on the face, neck and upper The etiological factors associated with angioedema are as varied as that of
extremities. Pain and fever often accompany the eruption. urticaria (see separate entry).
While the cause is unknown, about 15% of the patients have some type of
myeloproliferative disorder, primarily leukemias. Anosmia
Drugs commonly reported to cause Sweet’s syndrome are clofazimine,
Anosmia, or odor blindness, is the total absence of the sense of smell. It can
co-trimoxazole, furosemide, granulocyte-colony stimulating factor and
be either temporary or permanent.
minocycline.
Some of the drugs that can cause anosmia are ciprofloxacin, doxycycline,
enalapril, paroxetine and sparfloxacin.
Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis
Arising on the face or intertriginous areas, acute generalized exanthematous Aphthous stomatitis
pustulosis (AGEP) is characterized by a rapidly evolving, widespread,
Aphthous stomatitis – also known as canker sores – is a common disease of
scarlatiniform eruption covered with hundreds of small superficial pustules.
the oral mucous membranes.
Often accompanied by a high fever, AGEP is most frequently associated
Arising as tiny, discrete or grouped, papules or vesicles, these painful
with acetaminophen, carbamazepine, penicillin and macrolide antibiotics,
lesions develop into small (2–5 mm in diameter), round, shallow ulcerations
and usually occurs within 24 hours of the drug exposure.
having a grayish, yellow base surrounded by a thin red border.
Located predominantly over the labial and buccal mucosae, these aphthae
heal without scarring in 10–14 days. Recurrences are common.
DESCRIPTIONS OF IMPORTANT REACTIONS Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual
Baboon syndrome (SDRIFE) extremities, especially over the dorsa of the hands and extensor aspects of
Baboon syndrome or symmetric drug-related intertriginous and flexural the forearms. Lesions tend to spread peripherally and may involve the palms
exanthema (SDRIFE) is an unusual presentation of a drug eruption with a and trunk as well as the mucous membranes of the mouth and genitalia.
characteristic intertriginous distribution pattern. Several drugs have been Central healing and overlapping lesions often lead to arciform, annular and
implicated, notably mercury, nickel, heparin, aminophylline, pseudoephe- gyrate patterns. Lesions appear over the course of a week or 10 days and
drine, terbinafine, IVIG, various antibiotics (amoxicillin, ampicillin), and food resolve over the next two weeks.
additives. The following drugs have been most often associated with erythema
Originally described as a type of systemic contact dermatitis characterized multiforme: allopurinol, barbiturates, carbamazepine, estrogens/progestins,
by a pruritic exanthems involving the buttocks and major flexures – groins gold, lamotrigine, NSAIDs, penicillamine, phenytoin, sulfonamides, tetra-
and axillae, some investigators believe that this entity is a form of recall cycline, tolbutamide and valproic acid.
phenomenon. In children, it is important in the differential diagnosis of viral
exanthems. Erythema nodosum
Erythema nodosum is a cutaneous reaction pattern characterized by
Black tongue (lingua villosa nigra) erythematous, tender or painful subcutaneous nodules commonly distrib-
Black hairy tongue (BHT) represents a benign hyperplasia of the filiform uted over the anterior aspect of the lower legs, and occasionally elsewhere.
papillae of the anterior two-thirds of the tongue. More common in young women, erythema nodosum is often associated
These papillary elongations, usually associated with black, brown, or with increased estrogen levels as occurs during pregnancy and with the
yellow pigmentation attributed to the overgrowth of pigment-producing ingestion of oral contraceptives. It is also an occasional manifestation of
bacteria, may be as long as 2 cm. streptococcal infection, sarcoidosis, secondary syphilis, tuberculosis, certain
Occurring only in adults, BHT has been associated with the administration deep fungal infections, Hodgkin’s disease, leukemia, ulcerative colitis, and
of oral antibiotics, poor dental hygiene, and excessive smoking. radiation therapy and is often preceded by fever, fatigue, arthralgia, vomiting,
and diarrhea.
Bullous dermatitis The incidence of erythema nodosum due to drugs is low and it is
Bullous and vesicular drug eruptions are diseases in which blisters and impossible to distinguish clinically between erythema nodosum due to drugs
vesicles occur as a complication of the administration of drugs. Blisters are a and that caused by other factors.
well-known manifestation of cutaneous reactions to drugs. Some of the drugs that are known to occasion erythema nodosum are:
In many types of drug reactions, bullae and vesicles may be found in antibiotics, estrogens, amiodarone, gold, NSAIDs, oral contraceptives,
addition to other manifestations. Bullae are usually noted in: erythema sulfonamides, and opiates.
multiforme; Stevens–Johnson syndrome; toxic epidermal necrolysis; fixed
eruptions when very intense; urticaria; vasculitis; porphyria cutanea tarda; Exanthems
and phototoxic reactions (from furosemide and nalidixic acid). Tense, thick- Exanthems, commonly resembling viral rashes, represent the most common
walled bullae can be seen in bromoderma and iododerma as well as in type of cutaneous drug eruption. Described as maculopapular or morbilli-
barbiturate overdosage. form eruptions, these flat, barely raised, erythematous patches, from one to
Common drugs that cause bullous eruptions and bullous pemphigoid are: several millimeters in diameter, are usually bilateral and symmetrical. They
nadalol, penicillamine, piroxicam, psoralens, rifampin, clonidine, furosemide, commonly begin on the head and neck or upper torso and progress
diclofenac, mefenamic acid, and bleomycin. downward to the limbs. They may present or develop into confluent areas
and may be accompanied by pruritus and a mild fever.
DRESS syndrome
The DRESS syndrome is an acronym for Drug Rash with Eosinophilia and The exanthems caused by drugs can be classified as:
Systemic Symptoms. It is also known as the Drug-Induced Pseudolymphoma
and Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome. l Morbilliform eruptions: fingernail-sized erythematous patches
The symptoms of DRESS syndrome usually begin 1 to 8 weeks after l Scarlatiniform eruptions: punctate, pinpoint, or pinhead-sized lesions in
exposure to the offending drug. Common causes include carbamazepine, erythematous areas that have a tendency to coalesce. Circumoral pallor
phenobarbital, phenytoin, terbinafine, and valproic acid. and the subsequent appearance of scaling may also be noted.
Erythema multiforme
Maculopapular drug eruptions usually fade with desquamation and,
Erythema multiforme is a relatively common, acute, self-limited, inflamma- occasionally, postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, in about 2 weeks. They
tory reaction pattern that is often associated with a preceding herpes invariably recur on rechallenge.
simplex or mycoplasma infection. Other causes are associated with Exanthems often have a sudden onset during the first 2 weeks of
connective tissue disease, physical agents, X-ray therapy, pregnancy and administration, except in cases of semisynthetic penicillin administration,
internal malignancies, to mention a few. In 50% of the cases, no cause can be when the exanthems frequently develop after the first 2 weeks following the
found. In a recent prospective study of erythema multiforme, only 10% initial dose.
were drug related.
The eruption rapidly occurs over a period of 12 to 24 hours. In about half The drugs most commonly associated with exanthems are: amoxicillin,
the cases there are prodromal symptoms of an upper respiratory infection ampicillin, bleomycin, captopril, carbamazepine, chlorpromazine, co-trimox-
accompanied by fever, malaise, and varying degrees of muscular and joint azole, gold, nalidixic acid, naproxen, phenytoin, penicillamine, and piroxicam.
pains.
Clinically, bluish-red, well-demarcated, macular, papular, or urticarial
lesions, as well as the classical ‘iris’ or ‘target lesions’, sometimes with central
vesicles, bullae, or purpura, are distributed preferentially over the distal
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual DESCRIPTIONS OF IMPORTANT REACTIONS
Exfoliative dermatitis While it is characteristically a side effect of hydantoin derivatives, it may

Exfoliative dermatitis is a rare but serious reaction pattern that is occur during the administration of phenobarbital, nifedipine, diltiazem and
characterized by erythema, pruritus and scaling over the entire body other medications.
(erythroderma).
Drug-induced exfoliative dermatitis usually begins a few weeks or longer Hand-foot syndrome
following the administration of a culpable drug. Beginning as erythematous, Hand-foot syndrome (also known as acral erythema, palmar-plantar
edematous patches, often on the face, it spreads to involve the entire erythrodysesthesia, palmoplantar erythrodysesthesia, palmar-plantar
integument. The skin becomes swollen and scarlet and may ooze a straw- erythema, and Bergdorf’s reaction) is a syndrome that is characterized by
colored fluid; this is followed in a few days by desquamation. well-demarcated painful erythema, edema, numbness and desquamation
High fever, severe malaise and chills, along with enlargement of lymph over the palms and soles that may develop following treatment with a variety
nodes, often coexist with the cutaneous changes. of chemotherapeutic agents including bleomycin, cisplatin, cyclophospha-
One of the most dangerous of all reaction patterns, exfoliative dermatitis mide, hydroxyurea, idarubicin, methotrexate, sorafenib, sunitinib, and
can be accompanied by any or all of the following: hypothermia, fluid and others. Tenderness involving the skin overlying the fingers and toes,
electrolyte loss, cardiac failure, and gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Death may followed by bulla formation and subsequent desquamation, often
supervene if the drug is continued after the onset of the eruption. Secondary supervenes.
infection often complicates the course of the disease. Once the active This side effect results when a small amount of the culpable drug leaks out
dermatitis has receded, hyperpigmentation as well as loss of hair and nails of the blood vessels, damaging tissues. This reaction predominates over the
may ensue. palms and soles, where eccrine glands are more numerous, and also as a
The following drugs, among others, can bring about exfoliative dermatitis: result of the increased friction and heat that extremities are exposed to
barbiturates, captopril, carbamazepine, cimetidine, furosemide, gold, through daily activities.
isoniazid, lithium, nitrofurantoin, NSAIDs, penicillamine, phenytoin, pyrazo-
lons, quinidine, streptomycin, sulfonamides, and thiazides. Lichenoid (lichen planus-like) eruptions
Lichenoid eruptions are so called because of their resemblance to lichen
Fixed eruption planus, a papulosquamous disorder that characteristically presents as
A fixed eruption is an unusual hypersensitivity reaction characterized by one multiple, discrete, violaceous, flat-topped papules, often polygonal in shape
or more well-demarcated erythematous plaques that recur at the same and which are extremely pruritic.
cutaneous (or mucosal) site or sites each time exposure to the offending Not infrequently, lichenoid lesions appear weeks or months following
agent occurs. The sizes of the lesions vary from a few millimeters to as much exposure to the responsible drug. As a rule, the symptoms begin to recede a
as 20 centimeters in diameter. Almost any drug that is ingested, injected, few weeks following the discontinuation of the drug.
inhaled, or inserted into the body can trigger this skin reaction. Common drug causes of lichenoid eruptions are: antimalarials, beta-
The eruption typically begins as a sharply marginated, solitary edematous blockers, chlorpropamide, furosemide, gold, methyldopa, phenothiazines,
papule or plaque – occasionally surmounted by a large bulla – which usually quinidine, thiazides, and tolazamide.
develops 30 minutes to 8 hours following the administration of a drug. If the
offending agent is not promptly eliminated, the inflammation intensifies, Lupus erythematosus
producing a dusky red, violaceous or brown patch that may crust, A reaction, clinically and pathologically resembling idiopathic systemic lupus
desquamate, or blister within 7 to 10 days. The lesions are rarely pruritic. erythematosus (SLE), has been reported in association with a large variety of
Favored sites are the hands, feet, face, and genitalia – especially the glans drugs. There is some evidence that drug-induced SLE, invariably accom-
penis. panied by a positive ANA reaction with 90% having antihistone antibodies,
The reason for the specific localization of the skin lesions in a fixed drug may have a genetically determined basis. These symptoms of SLE, a
eruption is unknown. The offending drug cannot be detected at the skin site. relatively benign form of lupus, recede within days or weeks following the
Certain drugs cause a fixed eruption at specific sites, for example, discontinuation of the responsible drug. Skin lesions occur in about 20% of
tetracycline and ampicillin often elicit a fixed eruption on the penis, whereas cases. Drugs cause fewer than 8% of all cases of SLE.
aspirin usually causes skin lesions on the face, limbs and trunk. The following drugs have been commonly associated with inducing,
Common causes of fixed eruptions are: ampicillin, aspirin, barbiturates, aggravating or unmasking SLE: beta-blockers, carbamazepine, chlorproma-
dapsone, metronidazole, NSAIDs, oral contraceptives, phenolphthalein, zine, estrogens, griseofulvin, hydralazine, isoniazid (INH), lithium, methyl-
phenytoin, quinine, sulfonamides, and tetracyclines. dopa, minoxidil, oral contraceptives, penicillamine, phenytoin
(diphenylhydantoin), procainamide, propylthiouracil, quinidine, and
Gingival hyperplasia/hypertrophy testosterone.
Gingival hyperplasia, a common, undesirable, non-allergic drug reaction
begins as a diffuse swelling of the interdental papillae. Onycholysis
Particularly prevalent with phenytoin therapy, gingival hyperplasia begins Onycholysis, the painless separation of the nail plate from the nail bed, is one
about 3 months after the onset of therapy, and occurs in 30 to 70% of of the most common nail disorders.
patients receiving it. The severity of the reaction is dose-dependent and The unattached portion, which is white and opaque, usually begins at the
children and young adults are more frequently affected. The most severe free margin and proceeds proximally, causing part or most of the nail plate to
cases are noted in young women. become separated. The attached, healthy portion of the nail, by contrast, is
In many cases, gingival hyperplasia is accompanied by painful and bleeding pink and translucent.
gums. There is often superimposed secondary bacterial gingivitis. This can be
so extensive that the teeth of the maxilla and mandible are completely Paresthesias
overgrown.
Paresthesias are abnormal neurological sensations such as burning, prickling,
numbness, pruritus, formication, or tingling, often described as ‘pins and
needles’ or of a limb being ‘asleep’. It is a symptom of partial damage to a Patients with a true photoallergy (the interaction of drug, light and the
peripheral nerve, as occurs from a head or spinal injury, lack of blood supply immune system), a less common form of drug-induced photosensitivity, are
to a nerve, or in many cases medications. often sensitive to UVB radiation, the so-called ‘burning rays’ at 290–320 nm.
Paresthesias can affect various parts of the body; hands, fingers, and feet Photoallergic reactions, unlike phototoxic responses, represent an immu-
are common sites but all areas are possibilities. nologic change and require a latent period of from 24 to 48 hours during
Scores of generic drugs have been reported to occasion paresthesias which sensitization occurs. They are not dose-related.
including alprazolam, allopurinol, buspirone, celecoxib, ciprofloxacin, If the photosensitizer acts internally, it is a photodrug reaction; if it acts
cyclosporine, enalapril, glipizine and many others. externally, it is photocontact dermatitis.
Drugs that are likely to cause phototoxic reactions are: amiodarone,
Pemphigus vulgaris nalidixic acid, various NSAIDs, phenothiazines (especially chlorpromazine),
Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is a rare, serious, acute or chronic, blistering disease and tetracyclines (particularly demeclocycline).
involving the skin and mucous membranes. Photoallergic reactions may occur as a result of exposure to systemically-
Characterized by thin-walled, easily ruptured, flaccid bullae that are seen administered drugs such as griseofulvin, NSAIDs, phenothiazines, quinidine,
to arise on normal or erythematous skin and over mucous membranes, the sulfonamides, sulfonylureas, and thiazide diuretics as well as to external
lesions of PV appear initially in the mouth (in about 60% of the cases) and agents such as para-aminobenzoic acid (found in sunscreens), bithionol (used
then spread, after weeks or months, to involve the axillae and groin, scalp, in soaps and cosmetics), paraphenylenediamine, and others.
face and neck. The lesions may become generalized.
Because of their fragile roofs, the bullae rupture leaving painful erosions Pigmentation
and crusts may develop principally over the scalp. Drug-induced pigmentation on the skin, hair, nails, and mucous membranes
is a result of either melanin synthesis, increased lipofuscin synthesis, or post-
Peyronie’s disease inflammatory pigmentation.
First described in 1743 by the French surgeon, François de la Peyronie, Color changes, which can be localized or widespread, can also be a result
Peyronie’s disease is a rare, benign connective tissue disorder involving the of a deposition of bile pigments (jaundice), exogenous metal compounds, and
growth of fibrous plaques in the soft tissue of the penis. Beginning as a direct deposition of elements such as carotene or quinacrine.
localized inflammation, it often develops into a hardened scar. Affecting as Post-inflammatory pigmentation can follow a variety of drug-induced
many as 1% of men, it may cause deformity, pain, cord-like lesions, or inflammatory cutaneous reactions; fixed eruptions are known to leave a
abnormal curvature of the penis when erect. residual pigmentation that can persist for months.
It has been associated with several drugs, including all the adrenergic The following is a partial list of those drugs that can cause various
blocking agents (beta-blockers), methotrexate, colchicine and others. pigmentary changes: anticonvulsants, antimalarials, cytostatics, hormones,
metals, tetracyclines, phenothiazine tranquilizers, psoralens and amiodarone.
Photosensitivity
Pityriasis rosea-like eruption
A photosensitive reaction is a chemically induced change in the skin that
makes an individual unusually sensitive to electromagnetic radiation (light). Pityriasis rosea, commonly mistaken for ringworm, is a unique disorder that
On absorbing light of a specific wavelength, an oral, injected or topical drug usually begins as a single, large, round or oval pinkish patch known as the
may be chemically altered to produce a reaction ranging from macules and ‘mother’ or ‘herald’ patch. The most common sites for this solitary lesion
papules, vesicles and bullae, edema, urticaria, or an acute eczematous are the chest, the back, or the abdomen. This is followed in about 2 weeks
reaction. by a blossoming of small, flat, round or oval, scaly patches of similar color,
Any eruption that is prominent on the face, the dorsa of the hands, the ‘V’ each with a central collarette scale, usually distributed in a Christmas tree
of the neck, and the presternal area should suggest an adverse reaction to pattern over the trunk and, to a lesser degree, the extremities. This eruption
light. The distribution is the key to the diagnosis. seldom itches and usually limits itself to areas from the neck to the knees.
Initially the eruption, which consists of erythema, edema, blisters, While the etiology of idiopathic pityriasis rosea is unknown, various
weeping and desquamation, involves the forehead, rims of the ears, the medications have been reported to give rise to this disorder. These include:
nose, the malar eminences and cheeks, the sides and back of the neck, the barbiturates, beta-blockers, bismuth, captopril, clonidine, gold, griseofulvin,
extensor surfaces of the forearms and the dorsa of the hands. These isotretinoin, labetalol, meprobamate, metronidazole, penicillin, and
reactions commonly spare the shaded areas: those under the chin, under the tripelennamine.
nose, behind the ears and inside the fold of the upper eyelids. There is In drug-induced pityriasis rosea, the ‘herald patch’ is usually absent, and
usually a sharp cut-off at the site of jewelry and at clothing margins. All light- the eruption will often not follow the classic pattern.
exposed areas need not be affected equally.
There are two main types of photosensitive reactions: the phototoxic and Pruritus
the photoallergic reaction. Generalized itching, without any visible signs, is one of the least common
Phototoxic reactions, the most common type of drug-induced photo- adverse reactions to drugs. More frequently than not, drug-induced itching –
sensitivity, resemble an exaggerated sunburn and occur within 5 to 20 hours moderate or severe – is fairly generalized.
after the skin has been exposed to a photosensitizing substance and light of For most drugs it is not known in what way they elicit pruritus; some
the proper wavelength and intensity. It is not a form of allergy – prior drugs can cause itching directly or indirectly through cholestasis. Pruritus
sensitization is not required – and, theoretically, could occur in anyone given may develop by different pathogenetic mechanisms: allergic, pseudoallergic
enough drug and light. Phototoxic reactions are dose-dependent both for (histamine release), neurogenic, by vasodilatation, cholestatic effect, and
drug and sunlight. Patients with phototoxicity reactions are commonly others.
sensitive to ultraviolet A (UVA radiation), the so-called ‘tanning rays’ at 320– A partial list of those drugs that can cause pruritus are as follows: aspirin,
400 nm. Phototoxic reactions may cause onycholysis, as the nailbed is NSAIDs, penicillins, sulfonamides, chloroquine, ACE-inhibitors, amiodarone,
particularly susceptible because of its lack of melanin protection. nicotinic acid derivatives, lithium, bleomycin, tamoxifen, interferons, gold,
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual DESCRIPTIONS OF IMPORTANT REACTIONS
penicillamine, methoxsalen and isotretinoin. Raynaud’s phenomenon

Raynaud’s phenomenon is the paroxysmal, cold-induced constriction of small
Pseudolymphoma arteries and arterioles of the fingers and, less often, the toes.
Pseudolymphoma is not a specific disease. It is an inflammatory response to Although estimates vary, recent surveys show that Raynaud’s phenom-
various stimuli – known or unknown – that results in a lymphomatous- enon may affect 5 to 10 percent of the general population in the United
appearing, but benign, accumulation of inflammatory cells. It may resemble States. Occurring more frequently in women, Raynaud’s phenomenon is
true lymphoma clinically and histologically. Localized, nodular pseudolym- characterized by blanching, pallor, and cyanosis. In severe cases, secondary
phomas typically mimic B-cell lymphoma. changes may occur: thinning and ridging of the nails, telangiectases of the nail
The following drugs, among others, are known to occasion pseudolym- folds, and, in the later stages, sclerosis and atrophy of the digits.
phoma: alprazolam, carbamazepine, co-trimoxazole, gold, lamotrigine,
lithium, methotrexate, etc. Rhabdomyolysis
Rhabdomyolysis is the breakdown of muscle fibers, the result of skeletal
Pseudoporphyria muscle injury, that leads to the release of potentially toxic intracellular
Pseudoporphyria is an uncommon, reversible, photoinduced, cutaneous contents into the plasma. The causes are diverse: muscle trauma from
bullous disorder with clinical, histologic and immunofluorescent similarities vigorous exercise, electrolyte imbalance, extensive thermal burns, crush
to porphyria cutanea tarda but without the accompanying biochemical injuries, infections, various toxins and drugs, and a host of other factors.
porphyrin abnormalities. Rhabdomyolysis can result from direct muscle injury by myotoxic drugs
It is commonly seen as localized bullae and skin fragility on sun-exposed such as cocaine, heroin and alcohol. About 10–40% of patients with
skin, often on the dorsum of the hands and fingers. While pseudoporphyria rhabdomyolysis develop acute renal failure.
has been linked with numerous causes, including chronic renal failure, The classic triad of symptoms of rhabdomyolysis is muscle pain, weakness
dialysis, and ultraviolet radiation, several medications, primarily naproxen and dark urine. Most frequently, the involved muscle groups are those of the
and other nonsteroidal inflammatory drugs, have been reported to trigger back and lower calves. The primary diagnostic indicator of this syndrome is
this reaction pattern. Blue/gray eye color appears to be an independent risk significantly elevated serum creatine phosphokinase.
factor for the development of pseudoporphyria. Some of the drugs that have been reported to cause rhabdomyolysis are
salicylates, amphotericin, quinine, statin drugs, SSRIs, theophylline,
Psoriasis and amphetamines.
Many drugs, as a result of their pharmacological action, have been implicated
in the precipitation or exacerbation of psoriasis or psoriasiform eruptions. Stevens-Johnson syndrome
Psoriasis is a common, chronic, papulosquamous disorder of unknown The Stevens-Johnson syndrome (erythema multiforme major), a severe and
etiology with characteristic histopathological features and many biochemical, occasionally fatal variety of erythema multiforme, has an abrupt onset and is
physiological, and immunological abnormalities. accompanied by any or all of the following: fever, myalgia, malaise, headache,
Drugs that can precipitate psoriasis are, among others, beta-blockers and arthralgia, ocular involvement, with occasional bullae and erosions covering
lithium. Drugs that are reported to aggravate psoriasis are antimalarials, less than 10% of the body surface. Painful stomatitis is an early and
beta-blockers, lithium, NSAIDs, quinidine, and photosensitizing drugs. The conspicuous symptom. Hemorrhagic bullae may appear over the lips, mouth
effect and extent of these drug-induced psoriatic eruptions are dose- and genital mucous membranes. Patients are often acutely ill with high fever.
dependent. The course from eruption to the healing of the lesions may extend up to six
weeks.
Purpura The following drugs have been most often associated with Stevens-
Purpura, a result of hemorrhage into the skin, can be divided into Johnson syndrome: allopurinol, barbiturates, carbamazepine, estrogens/
thrombocytopenic purpura and non-thrombocytopenic purpura (vascular progestins, gold, lamotrigine, NSAIDs, penicillamine, phenytoin, sulfona-
purpura). Both thrombocytopenic and vascular purpura may be due to mides, tetracycline, tolbutamide, and valproic acid.
drugs, and most of the drugs producing purpura may do so by giving rise to
vascular damage and thrombocytopenia. In both types of purpura, allergic or Tinnitus
toxic (nonallergic) mechanisms may be involved. Tinnitus (from the Latin word to tinkle or ring like a bell) is the perception of
Some drugs combine with platelets to form an antigen, stimulating sound—ringing, buzzing, hissing, humming, whistling, whining, roaring, or
formation of antibody to the platelet–drug combination. Thus, the drug ticking, clicking, banging, beeping, pulsating—in the human ear, when none
appears to act as a hapten; subsequent antigen–antibody reaction causes exists. It has also been described as a ‘whooshing’ sound, like wind or waves,
platelet destruction leading to thrombocytopenia. ‘crickets’ or ‘tree frogs’ or ‘locusts.’ To some it’s a chirping, clanging, sizzling,
The purpuric lesions are usually more marked over the lower portions of rumbling, or a dreadful shrieking noise. And it can be like rushing water,
the body, notably the legs and dorsal aspects of the feet in ambulatory breaking glass or chain saws running. Nearly 40 million Americans suffer
patients. from this disorder.
Other drug-induced cutaneous reactions – erythema multiforme, There are more than 200 drugs listed in the Litt’s Drug Eruption &
erythema nodosum, fixed eruption, necrotizing vasculitis, and others – can Reaction Database that have been reported to trigger tinnitus, the more
have a prominent purpuric component. common being aspirin, quinine, aminoglycoside antibiotics, cytotoxic drugs,
A whole host of drugs can give rise to purpura, the most common being: diuretics, and NSAIDs.
NSAIDs, thiazide diuretics, phenothiazines, cytostatics, gold, penicillamine,
hydantoins, thiouracils, and sulfonamides. Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN)
Also known as Lyell’s syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis is a rare, serious,
acute exfoliative, bullous eruption of the skin and mucous membranes that
usually develops as a reaction to diverse drugs. TEN can also be a result of a
bacterial or viral infection and can develop after radiation therapy or with a variety of small, palpable purpuric lesions most frequently distributed
vaccinations. over the lower extremities: urticaria-like lesions, small ulcerations, and
In the drug-induced form of TEN, a morbilliform eruption accompanied occasional hemorrhagic vesicles and pustules. The basic process involves an
by large red, tender areas of the skin will develop shortly after the drug has immunologically mediated response to antigens that result in vessel wall
been administered. This progresses rapidly to blistering, and a widespread damage.
exfoliation of the epidermis develops dramatically over a very short period Beginning as small macules and papules, they ultimately eventuate into
accompanied by high fever. The hairy parts of the body are usually spared. purpuric lesions and, in the more severe cases, into hemorrhagic blisters and
The mucous membranes and eyes are often involved. frank ulcerations. A polymorphonuclear infiltrate and fibrinoid changes in the
The clinical picture resembles an extensive second-degree burn; the small dermal vessels characterize the vasculitic reaction.
patient is acutely ill. Fatigue, vomiting, diarrhea and angina are prodromal Drugs that are commonly associated with vasculitis are: ACE-inhibitors,
symptoms. In a few hours the condition becomes grave. amiodarone, ampicillin, cimetidine, coumadin, furosemide, hydantoins,
TEN is a medical emergency and unless the offending agent is hydralazine, NSAIDs, pyrazolons, quinidine, sulfonamides, thiazides, and
discontinued immediately, the outcome may be fatal in the course of a thiouracils.
few days.
Drugs that are the most common cause of TEN are: allopurinol, Vertigo
ampicillin, amoxicillin, carbamazepine, NSAIDs, phenobarbital, pentamidine, Vertigo, a specific type of dizziness, is a feeling of unsteadiness. It is the
phenytoin (diphenylhydantoin), pyrazolons, and sulfonamides. sensation of spinning or swaying while actually remaining stationary with
respect to the surroundings. It is a result of either motion sickness, a viral
Urticaria infection of the organs of balance, low blood sugar, or medications. It is a
Urticaria induced by drugs is, after exanthems, the second most common symptom of multiple sclerosis, carbon monoxide poisoning, and Ménière’s
type of drug reaction. Urticaria, or hives, is a vascular reaction of the skin disease.
characterized by pruritic, erythematous wheals. These welts – or wheals – Vertigo is one of the most common health problems in adults. According
caused by localized edema, can vary in size from one millimeter in diameter to the National Institutes of Health, about 40% of people in the United
to large palm-sized swellings, favor the covered areas (trunk, buttocks, States experience vertigo at least once during their lifetime. Prevalence is
chest), and are, more often than not, generalized. Urticaria usually develops higher in women and increases with age.
within 36 hours following the administration of the responsible drug. Classes of drugs that have been reported to trigger vertigo include,
Individual lesions rarely persist for more than 24 hours. aminoglycoside antibiotics, antihypertensives, diuretics, vasodilators, phe-
Urticaria may be the only symptom of drug sensitivity, or it may be a nothiazines, tranquilizers, antidepressants, anticonvulsants, hypnotics,
concomitant or followed by the manifestations of serum sickness. Urticaria analgesics, alcohol, caffeine, and tobacco.
may be accompanied by angioedema of the lips or eyelids. It may, on rare
occasions, progress to anaphylactoid reactions or to anaphylaxis. Xerostomia
The following are the most common causes of drug-induced urticaria: Xerostomia is a dryness of the oral cavity that makes speaking, chewing and
antibiotics, notably penicillin (more commonly following parenteral admin- swallowing difficult. Some people also experience changes in taste and
istration than by ingestion), barbiturates, captopril, levamisole, NSAIDs, salivary gland enlargement. Lack of saliva may predispose one to oral
quinine, rifampin, sulfonamides, thiopental, and vancomycin. infection, such as candidiasis, and increase the risk of dental caries.
Resulting from a partial or complete absence of saliva production,
Vasculitis xerostomia can be caused by more than 400 generic drugs.
Drug-induced cutaneous necrotizing vasculitis, a clinicopathologic process
characterized by inflammation and necrosis of blood vessels, often presents
MAIN CLASSES OF DRUGS
5-HT1 agonist Tizanidine Analgesic Colchicine

Almotriptan narcotic Devil’s Claw
Adrenergic beta-receptor
Eletriptan Dextromethorphan Eucalyptus
agonist
Frovatriptan non-narcotic Evening Primrose
Arbutamine
Naratriptan Acetaminophen Fish Oils
Dobutamine
Rizatriptan non-opioid Fluprednisolone
Isoetharine
Sumatriptan Ketorolac Henna
Isoproterenol
Zolmitriptan opioid Horsetail
Isoxsuprine
Alfentanil Juniper
5-HT3 antagonist Metoprolol
Dihydrocodeine Licorice
Alosetron
Adrenergic beta-receptor Fentanyl Linseed
Dolasetron
antagonist Meptazinol Meadowsweet
Granisetron
Betaxolol Tapentadol Myrrh
Ondansetron
Carteolol urinary Omega-3 Fatty Acids
Palonosetron
Carvedilol Pentosan Polypodium Leucotomos
ACE inhibitor Esmolol Phenazopyridine Roflumilast
Benazepril Labetalol Sarsaparilla
Anesthetic
Captopril Levobetaxolol Saw Palmetto
Alfentanil
Cilazapril Levobunolol Turmeric
Edrophonium
Enalapril Metipranolol Willow Bark
Fentanyl
Fosinopril Nadolol Yarrow
Ketamine
Imidapril Nebivolol
general Antiarrhythmic
Lisinopril Penbutolol
Chloral Hydrate class Ia
Moexipril Pindolol
Propofol Disopyramide
Perindopril Timolol
Sodium Oxybate Procainamide
Quinapril
Alkylating agent Sufentanil Quinidine
Ramipril
Altretamine inhalation class Ib
Trandolapril
Bendamustine Desflurane Lidocaine
Zofenopril
Busulfan Enflurane Mexiletine
Adrenergic alpha-receptor Carboplatin Halothane Phenytoin
agonist Carmustine Isoflurane Tocainide
Clonidine Chlorambucil Methoxyflurane class Ic
Dexmedetomidine Cisplatin Sevoflurane Flecainide
Dopamine Cyclophosphamide local Lorcainide
Ephedrine Dacarbazine Articaine Moricizine
Guanabenz Estramustine Bupivacaine Propafenone
Guanadrel Ifosfamide Cocaine class II
Guanethidine Lomustine Levobupivacaine Acebutolol
Guanfacine Mechlorethamine Lidocaine Atenolol
Methyldopa Melphalan Mepivacaine Esmolol
Midodrine Mitomycin Ropivacaine Labetalol
Mirtazapine Oxaliplatin Tetracaine & Oxymetazoline Metoprolol
Phenylephrine Procarbazine Nadolol
Angiotensin II receptor
Phenylpropanolamine Streptozocin Propranolol
antagonist (blocker)
Polythiazide Temozolomide Sotalol
Azilsartan
Pseudoephedrine Thiotepa class III
Candesartan
Amiodarone
Adrenergic alpha-receptor Amphetamine Eprosartan
Bretylium
antagonist Benzphetamine Irbesartan
Dofetilide
Alfuzosin Dextroamphetamine Losartan
Dronedarone
Doxazosin Diethylpropion Olmesartan
Ibutilide
Phenoxybenzamine MDMA Telmisartan
Sotalol
Phentolamine Methamphetamine Valsartan
Vernakalant
Prazosin Methylphenidate class IV
Anti-inflammatory
Silodosin Pemoline Adenosine
Aloe Vera (Gel, Juice, Leaf)
Tamsulosin Phendimetrazine Amlodipine
Amlexanox
Terazosin Phentermine Bepridil
Amodiaquine
Urapidil Prenylamine Digoxin
Bloodroot
Adrenergic alpha2-receptor Analeptic Boswellia Diltiazem
agonist Doxapram Bromelain Verapamil
Apraclonidine Modafinil Butterbur
Antibiotic
Brimonidine Caraway
Doripenem
Lofexidine Clofazimine
Ertapenem
MAIN CLASSES OF DRUGS Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual
Imipenem/Cilastatin nitroimidazole Ethionamide Reboxetine

Meropenem Benznidazole Fosfomycin Selegiline
Meropenem & Vaborbactam Metronidazole Isoniazid Sertraline
aminoglycoside Secnidazole Methenamine Tianeptine
Amikacin Tinidazole Nitrofurantoin Tranylcypromine
Gentamicin oxazolidinone Plicamycin Tryptophan
Kanamycin Linezolid Pyrazinamide Venlafaxine
Neomycin Tedizolid Quinacrine Vilazodone
Paromomycin penicillin Spectinomycin Vortioxetine
Plazomicin Amoxicillin Tigecycline tetracyclic
Streptomycin Ampicillin Trimethoprim Maprotiline
Tobramycin Ampicillin/Sulbactam Mianserin
Anticonvulsant
anthracycline Bacampicillin Mirtazapine
Brivaracetam
Bleomycin Carbenicillin tricyclic
Carbamazepine
Dactinomycin Cloxacillin Amitriptyline
Ezogabine
Daunorubicin Dicloxacillin Amoxapine
Felbamate
Doxorubicin Methicillin Clomipramine
Gabapentin
Epirubicin Mezlocillin Desipramine
Lacosamide
Idarubicin Nafcillin Doxepin
Lamotrigine
Mitomycin Oxacillin Imipramine
Levetiracetam
Mitoxantrone Penicillin G Nortriptyline
Mephenytoin
Peplomycin Penicillin V Protriptyline
Oxcarbazepine
Valrubicin Piperacillin Trazodone
Perampanel
beta-lactam Ticarcillin Trimipramine
Phenacemide
Ampicillin/Sulbactam quinolone
Phenobarbital Antiemetic
Aztreonam Cinoxacin
Phensuximide Aprepitant
Ceftazidime & Avibactam Grepafloxacin
Phenytoin Artichoke
Ceftolozane & Tazobactam Nalidixic Acid
Pregabalin Chlorpromazine
Flucloxacillin Ozenoxacin
Primidone Dexamethasone
fluoroquinolone Trovafloxacin
Tetrazepam Dimenhydrinate
Besifloxacin rifamycin
Tiagabine Diphenhydramine
Ciprofloxacin Rifabutin
Topiramate Domperidone
Delafloxacin Rifampin
Valproic Acid Dronabinol
Enoxacin Rifapentine
Vigabatrin Droperidol
Finafloxacin Rifaximin
Zonisamide Granisetron
Gatifloxacin streptogramin
antiepileptic Haloperidol
Gemifloxacin Pristinamycin
Brivaracetam Marihuana
Levofloxacin Quinupristin/Dalfopristin
Clobazam Meclizine
Lomefloxacin sulfonamide
Eslicarbazepine Metoclopramide
Moxifloxacin Co-Trimoxazole
Lacosamide Nabilone
Norfloxacin Sulfacetamide
Lamotrigine Ondansetron
Ofloxacin Sulfadiazine
Perampanel Palonosetron
Sparfloxacin Sulfadoxine
Rufinamide Peppermint
Tosufloxacin Sulfamethoxazole
Vigabatrin Perphenazine
glycopeptide Sulfisoxazole
hydantoin Prochlorperazine
Daptomycin tetracycline
Ethotoin Rolapitant
Teicoplanin Chlortetracycline
Fosphenytoin Scopolamine
Vancomycin Demeclocycline
Mephenytoin Trimethobenzamide
imidazole Doxycycline
Phenytoin
Clotrimazole Lymecycline Antifungal
oxazolidinedione
Ketoconazole Minocycline Amphotericin B
Paramethadione
Mebendazole Oxytetracycline Caspofungin
Trimethadione
Miconazole Tetracycline Ciclopirox
succinimide
Sertaconazole Tigecycline Clioquinol
Ethosuximide
Thiabendazole topical Econazole
Methsuximide
lincosamide Mupirocin Efinaconazole
Clindamycin Retapamulin Antidepressant Griseofulvin
Clindamycin/Tretinoin triazole Bupropion Micafungin
Lincomycin Fluconazole Citalopram Nystatin
macrolide Itraconazole Desvenlafaxine Rosemary
Azithromycin Posaconazole Duloxetine Terbinafine
Clarithromycin Terconazole Escitalopram azole
Dirithromycin Voriconazole Fluoxetine Clotrimazole
Erythromycin miscellaneous Fluvoxamine Fluconazole
Fidaxomicin Aminosalicylate Sodium Isocarboxazid Isavuconazonium Sulfate
Roxithromycin Bacitracin Levomilnacipran Itraconazole
Telithromycin Capreomycin Milnacipran Ketoconazole
Troleandomycin Ceftriaxone Moclobemide Luliconazole
nitrofuran Chloramphenicol Nefazodone Miconazole
Furazolidone Cycloserine Paroxetine Hydrochloride Posaconazole
Nitrofurazone Dapsone Phenelzine Voriconazole
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual MAIN CLASSES OF DRUGS
oxaborole Mitoxantrone Levomepromazine Ganciclovir

Tavaborole Nelarabine Lithium Imiquimod
Nilotinib Loxapine Letermovir
Antimalarial
Nilutamide Lurasidone Oseltamivir
Amodiaquine
Oxaliplatin Mesoridazine Penciclovir
Artemether/Lumefantrine
Paclitaxel Molindone Peramivir
Artemisia
Panitumumab Olanzapine Podophyllotoxin
Artesunate
Pazopanib Paliperidone Rimantadine
Atovaquone
Pegaspargase Perphenazine Tenofovir Alafenamide
Atovaquone/Proguanil
Pentostatin Pimavanserin Trifluridine
Chloroquine
Porfimer Pimozide Valacyclovir
Halofantrine
Raltitrexed Prochlorperazine Valganciclovir
Hydroxychloroquine
Sorafenib Promazine Zanamivir
Mefloquine
Streptozocin Quetiapine nucleoside analog
Primaquine
Sunitinib Risperidone Ribavirin
Pyrimethamine
Tegafur/Gimeracil/Oteracil Sertindole Vidarabine
Quinacrine
Temozolomide Thioridazine nucleotide analog
Quinidine
Temsirolimus Thiothixene Cidofovir
Quinine
Teniposide Trifluoperazine topical
Sulfadoxine
Testolactone Trimeprazine Acyclovir
Tafenoquine
Thioguanine Valproic Acid Docosanol
Antimycobacterial Topotecan Ziprasidone
Anxiolytic
Bedaquiline Tositumomab & Iodine131 Zuclopenthixol
Buspirone
Clofazimine Trabectedin Zuclopenthixol Acetate
Chlormezanone
Dapsone Trastuzumab Zuclopenthixol Decanoate
Kava
Ethambutol Tretinoin Zuclopenthixol
Lavender
Flucytosine Trifluridine & Tipiracil Dihydrochloride
Meprobamate
Isoniazid Vorinostat
Antiretroviral Tetrazepam
Potassium Iodide
Antiplatelet Adefovir Valerian
Star Anise (Chinese)
Abciximab Amprenavir
echinocandin Barbiturate
Aspirin Atazanavir
Anidulafungin Amobarbital
Cangrelor Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/
Aprobarbital
Antineoplastic Cilostazol Tenofovir Alafenamide
Butabarbital
Anastrozole Clopidogrel Cobicistat/Elvitegravir/
Butalbital
Arsenic Dipyridamole Emtricitabine/Tenofovir
Mephobarbital
Asparaginase Eptifibatide Alafenamide
Methohexital
Asparaginase Erwinia Ticagrelor Cobicistat/Elvitegravir/
Pentobarbital
chrysanthemi Tirofiban Emtricitabine/Tenofovir
Phenobarbital
Azacitidine CPTP Disoproxil
Primidone
Bexarotene Cangrelor Darunavir
Secobarbital
Cabazitaxel Ticagrelor Delavirdine
Thiopental
Capecitabine thienopyridine Didanosine
Carboplatin Clopidogrel Dolutegravir Benzodiazepine
Cetuximab Prasugrel Efavirenz Alprazolam
Cisplatin Ticlopidine Emtricitabine Chlordiazepoxide
Cladribine Enfuvirtide Clobazam
Antiprotozoal
Cytarabine Fosamprenavir Clonazepam
Atovaquone
Dacarbazine Hydroxyurea Clorazepate
Chloroquine
Dasatinib Ibalizumab Diazepam
Hydroxychloroquine
Decitabine Indinavir Estazolam
Mefloquine
Denileukin Lamivudine Flurazepam
Nitazoxanide
Docetaxel Lopinavir Lorazepam
Pentamidine
Eribulin Maraviroc Midazolam
Primaquine
Erlotinib Nelfinavir Nitrazepam
Pyrimethamine
Everolimus Nevirapine Oxazepam
Quinidine
Floxuridine Raltegravir Prazepam
Quinine
Fludarabine Rilpivirine Quazepam
Fluorouracil Antipsychotic Ritonavir Temazepam
Gefitinib Amisulpride Saquinavir Tetrazepam
Gemcitabine Aripiprazole Stavudine Triazolam
Gemtuzumab Asenapine Tenofovir Disoproxil
Zalcitabine Bisphosphonate
Hydroxyurea Brexpiprazole
Zidovudine Alendronate
Ibritumomab Carbamazepine
Etidronate
Imatinib Cariprazine
Antiviral Ibandronate
Irinotecan Chlorpromazine
Acyclovir Pamidronate
Ixabepilone Clozapine
Amantadine Risedronate
Lapatinib Droperidol
Cytarabine Tiludronate
Levamisole Fluphenazine
Entecavir Zoledronate
Mercaptopurine Haloperidol
Famciclovir
Mitotane Iloperidone
Foscarnet
Calcium channel blocker Cholinesterase inhibitor Dasabuvir/Ombitasvir/ loop

Amlodipine Donepezil Paritaprevir/Ritonavir Bumetanide
Bepridil Edrophonium Delavirdine Ethacrynic Acid
Clevidipine Galantamine Diltiazem Furosemide
Diltiazem Neostigmine Erythromycin Torsemide
Felodipine Physostigmine Fluconazole potassium-sparing
Isradipine Rivastigmine Fluvoxamine Amiloride
Nicardipine Succinylcholine Grapefruit Juice Triamterene
Nifedipine Tacrine Imatinib thiazide
Nimodipine Indinavir Bendroflumethiazide
CNS stimulant
Nisoldipine Itraconazole Benzthiazide
Cocaine
Prenylamine Ketoconazole Chlorothiazide
Dexmethylphenidate
Verapamil Mifepristone Chlorthalidone
Dextroamphetamine
Nefazodone Cyclothiazide
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor Lisdexamfetamine
Nelfinavir Hydrochlorothiazide
Acetazolamide Modafinil
Norfloxacin Hydroflumethiazide
Brinzolamide
Corticosteroid Ombitasvir/Paritaprevir/ Indapamide
Dichlorphenamide
Alclometasone Ritonavir Methyclothiazide
Dorzolamide
Amcinonide Ritonavir Metolazone
Ethoxzolamide
Beclomethasone Saquinavir Polythiazide
Methazolamide
Betamethasone Telaprevir Quinethazone
CB1 Cannabinoid receptor Budesonide Telithromycin Trichlormethiazide
antagonist Ciclesonide Verapamil
Dopamine receptor agonist
Rimonabant Clobetasol Voriconazole
Apomorphine
Cortisone
Central muscle relaxant Dermal filler Bromocriptine
Deflazacort
Carisoprodol Azficel-T Cabergoline
Desonide
Chlormezanone Calcium Hydroxylapatite Dopexamine
Desoximetasone
Chlorzoxazone Fenoldopam
Dexamethasone Disease-modifying
Cyclobenzaprine Pergolide
Difluprednate antirheumatic drug
Meprobamate Pramipexole
Fludrocortisone (DMARD)
Metaxalone Quinagolide
Flumetasone Abatacept
Methocarbamol Ropinirole
Flunisolide Adalimumab
Orphenadrine Rotigotine
Fluocinolone Azathioprine
Cephalosporin Fluocinonide Bucillamine Dopamine receptor
1st generation Fluprednisolone Certolizumab antagonist
Cefadroxil Fluticasone Furoate Chloroquine Amisulpride
Cefazolin Fluticasone Propionate Cyclosporine Domperidone
Cephalexin Halcinonide Etanercept Metoclopramide
Cephalothin Halobetasol Gold & Gold Compounds Sulpiride
Cephapirin Halometasone Golimumab
Endothelin receptor (ETR)
Cephradine Hydrocortisone Hydroxychloroquine
antagonist
2nd generation Loteprednol Infliximab
Ambrisentan
Cefaclor Methylprednisolone Leflunomide
Bosentan
Cefamandole Mometasone Methotrexate
Macitentan
Cefmetazole Prednicarbate Minocycline
Sitaxentan
Cefonicid Prednisolone Penicillamine
Cefotetan Prednisone Rituximab Epidermal growth factor
Cefoxitin Tixocortol Sulfasalazine receptor (EGFR) inhibitor
Cefprozil Triamcinolone Tocilizumab Cetuximab
Cefuroxime antagonist Erlotinib
Diuretic
Loracarbef Mifepristone Gefitinib
Acetazolamide
3rd generation Misoprostol Lapatinib
Blue Cohosh
Cefdinir Necitumumab
COX-2 inhibitor Boswellia
Cefditoren Nilotinib
Celecoxib Brinzolamide
Cefixime Panitumumab
Etodolac Caffeine
Cefoperazone Pazopanib
Etoricoxib Chicory
Cefotaxime Sorafenib
Meloxicam Cranberry
Cefpodoxime Sunitinib
Nimesulide Dorzolamide
Ceftazidime
Rofecoxib Eplerenone Eugeroic
Ceftazidime & Avibactam
Valdecoxib Eucalyptus Armodafinil
Ceftibuten
Horse Chestnut (Bark, Flower,
Ceftizoxime CYP3A4 inhibitor Fibrinolytic
Leaf, Seed)
Ceftriaxone Amiodarone Alteplase
Horsetail
4th generation Aprepitant Anistreplase
Isosorbide
Cefepime Boceprevir Reteplase
Meadowsweet
5th generation Chloramphenicol Streptokinase
Methazolamide
Ceftaroline Fosamil Cimetidine Tenecteplase
Spironolactone
Ceftobiprole Ciprofloxacin Urokinase
Squill
Ceftolozane & Tazobactam Clarithromycin
Conivaptan
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual MAIN CLASSES OF DRUGS
Gonadotropin-releasing Simvastatin Rituximab Doxacurium

hormone (GnRH) Sirolimus Pancuronium
Hormone
agonist Tacrolimus Pipecuronium
Estradiol
Buserelin Thalidomide Rapacuronium
Levonorgestrel
Goserelin Rocuronium
Melatonin Mast cell stabilizer
Histrelin Vecuronium
Oral Contraceptives Cromolyn
Leuprolide
Sincalide Lodoxamide Non-nucleoside reverse
Nafarelin
polypeptide Nedocromil transcriptase inhibitor
Triptorelin
Glucagon Pemirolast Delavirdine
antagonist
Insulin Doravirine
Abarelix Monoamine oxidase (MAO)
Insulin Aspart Efavirenz
Cetrorelix inhibitor
Mecasermin Emtricitabine/Rilpivirine/
Degarelix Isocarboxazid
Nesiritide Tenofovir Alafenamide
Elagolix Sodium Phenelzine
Secretin Etravirine
Ganirelix Tranylcypromine
Nevirapine
Immunomodulator
Histamine mTOR inhibitor Rilpivirine
Aldesleukin
H1 receptor antagonist Everolimus
Aristolochia Non-steroidal anti-
Alcaftadine Temsirolimus
Arnica inflammatory (NSAID)
Astemizole Zotarolimus
Bifidobacteria Aceclofenac
Azatadine
Brewer’s Yeast Muscarinic antagonist Acemetacin
Azelastine
Cordyceps Amitriptyline Aspirin
Bepotastine
Dong Quai Amoxapine Benzydamine
Brompheniramine
Echinacea Atropine Sulfate Bromfenac
Buclizine
Efalizumab Benactyzine Celecoxib
Carbinoxamine
Garlic Benztropine Dexibuprofen
Cetirizine
Ginseng Biperiden Dexketoprofen
Chlorpheniramine
Glatiramer Chlorpheniramine Diclofenac
Cinnarizine
Goldenseal Chlorpromazine Diflunisal
Clemastine
Imiquimod Cinnarizine Etodolac
Cyproheptadine
Immune Globulin IV Clidinium Etoricoxib
Desloratadine
Immune Globulin SC Clomipramine Fenbufen
Dexchlorpheniramine
Interferon Alfa Darifenacin Fenoprofen
Diphenhydramine
Interferon Beta Dicyclomine Flurbiprofen
Epinastine
Interferon Gamma Diphenhydramine Ibuprofen
Fexofenadine
Lactobacillus Disopyramide Indomethacin
Hydroxyzine
Lemon Balm Doxepin Ketoprofen
Ketotifen
Lenalidomide Fesoterodine Ketorolac
Levocetirizine
Levamisole Flavoxate Meclofenamate
Loratadine
Milk Thistle Glycopyrrolate Mefenamic Acid
Meclizine
Mistletoe Hydroxyzine Meloxicam
Mizolastine
Natalizumab Hyoscyamine Metamizole
Olopatadine
Palivizumab Imipramine Methyl salicylate
Phenindamine
PEG-Interferon Ipratropium Nabumetone
Promethazine
Pimecrolimus Maprotiline Naproxen
Pyrilamine
Pomalidomide Mepenzolate Nepafenac
Rupatadine
Propolis Olanzapine Nimesulide
Terfenadine
Resveratrol Orphenadrine Oxaprozin
Trimeprazine
Sarsaparilla Oxybutynin Phenylbutazone
Tripelennamine
Siberian Ginseng Phenelzine Piroxicam
Triprolidine
Sinecatechins Prochlorperazine Pranoprofen
H2 receptor antagonist
Procyclidine Rofecoxib
Cimetidine Immunosuppressant
Propantheline Salsalate
Famotidine Alefacept
Scopolamine Sulindac
Nizatidine Alemtuzumab
Solifenacin Tenoxicam
Ranitidine Anti-Thymocyte Globulin
Tiotropium Tolmetin
Roxatidine (Equine)
Tolterodine Valdecoxib
Anti-Thymocyte
Histone deacetylase (HDAC) Trihexyphenidyl
Immunoglobulin (Rabbit) Nucleoside analog reverse
inhibitor Trospium
Azathioprine transcriptase inhibitor
Belinostat Umeclidinium
Belatacept Abacavir
Panobinostat
Belimumab Muscarinic cholinergic agonist Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/
Romidepsin
Cyclosporine Bethanechol Tenofovir Alafenamide
Vorinostat
Daclizumab Carbachol Cobicistat/Elvitegravir/
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor Everolimus Cevimeline Emtricitabine/Tenofovir
Atorvastatin Fingolimod Methantheline Alafenamide
Fluvastatin Mizoribine Pilocarpine Cobicistat/Elvitegravir/
Lovastatin Muromonab-CD3 Emtricitabine/Tenofovir
Pravastatin Mycophenolate Non-depolarizing Disoproxil
Red Rice Yeast Phellodendron neuromuscular blocker Didanosine
Rosuvastatin Pirfenidone Atracurium Emtricitabine
Cisatracurium
Emtricitabine/Rilpivirine/ Clindamycin/Tretinoin Sulfonylurea Toxoid Conjugate Vaccine

Tenofovir Alafenamide Isotretinoin Acetohexamide Pandemic Influenza Vaccine
Lamivudine Tretinoin Chlorpropamide (H1N1)
Stavudine Gliclazide Pneumococcal Vaccine
Selective estrogen receptor
Telbivudine Glimepiride Sipuleucel-T
modulator (SERM)
Tenofovir Disoproxil Glipizide Smallpox Vaccine
Chlorotrianisene
Zalcitabine Glyburide Typhoid Vaccine
Clomiphene
Zidovudine Tolazamide Varicella Vaccine
Ospemifene
Tolazoline Yellow Fever Vaccine
Oligonucleotide Raloxifene
Tolbutamide Zoster Vaccine
Defibrotide Tamoxifen
Tibolone Topoisomerase 1 inhibitor Vasodilator
Opiate agonist
Toremifene Irinotecan Ambrisentan
Codeine
Topotecan Amyl Nitrite
Heroin Selective serotonin reuptake
Astragalus Root
Hydrocodone inhibitor (SSRI) Topoisomerase 2 inhibitor
Benazepril
Hydromorphone Citalopram Etoposide
Bosentan
Loperamide Escitalopram Teniposide
Captopril
Meperidine Fluoxetine
Trace element Cilazapril
Methadone Fluvoxamine
Arsenic Diazoxide
Morphine Paroxetine Hydrochloride
Selenium Enalapril
Nalbuphine Paroxetine Mesylate
Sulfites Fosinopril
Oxycodone Sertraline
Zinc Hydralazine
Oxymorphone
Serotonin Iloprost
Pentazocine Tyrosine kinase inhibitor
Buspirone Isosorbide Dinitrate
Propoxyphene Afatinib
Sibutramine Isosorbide Mononitrate
Sufentanil Axitinib
serotonin receptor agonist Minoxidil
Tramadol Bosutinib
Almotriptan Nesiritide
Brigatinib Nitroglycerin
Phosphodiesterase inhibitor Eletriptan
Cabozantinib Nitroprusside
Apremilast Frovatriptan
Ceritinib Prenylamine
Avanafil Lorcaserin
Crizotinib Quinapril
Cilostazol Rizatriptan
Dasatinib Ramipril
Inamrinone Sumatriptan
Erlotinib Trandolapril
Milrinone Vortioxetine
Gefitinib peripheral
Roflumilast Zolmitriptan
Imatinib Cilostazol
Sildenafil serotonin receptor
Lapatinib Papaverine
Tadalafil antagonist
Leflunomide Pentoxifylline
Vardenafil Naratriptan
Lenvatinib Peppermint
Vortioxetine
Programmed death receptor- Nilotinib
serotonin reuptake inhibitor
1 (PD-1) inhibitor Nintedanib Vitamin
Duloxetine
Nivolumab Pazopanib Ascorbic Acid
Trazodone
Pembrolizumab Ponatinib Beta-Carotene
Vortioxetine
Regorafenib Cyanocobalamin
Prostaglandin serotonin type 3 receptor
Sorafenib Ergocalciferol
Alprostadil antagonist
Sunitinib Folic Acid
Dinoprostone Alosetron
Vandetanib Niacin
Iloprost Dolasetron
Niacinamide
Treprostinil Granisetron Vaccine Pantothenic Acid
Unoprostone Netupitant & Palonosetron Anthrax Vaccine Phytonadione
Ondansetron BCG Vaccine
Prostaglandin analog Pyridoxine
Palonosetron Cholera Vaccine
Bimatoprost Riboflavin
serotonin type 4 receptor Diphtheria Antitoxin
Gemeprost Thiamine
agonist Hemophilus B Vaccine
Latanoprost Vitamin A
Tegaserod Hepatitis A Vaccine
Tafluprost Vitamin E
serotonin-norepinephrine Hepatitis B Vaccine
Travoprost reuptake inhibitor Vitamin D receptor agonist
Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
Proton pump inhibitor (PPI) Desvenlafaxine Vaccine Dihydrotachysterol
Dexlansoprazole Levomilnacipran Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Doxercalciferol
Esomeprazole Venlafaxine (Bivalent) Paricalcitol
Lansoprazole Vilazodone Inactivated Polio Vaccine
Xanthine alkaloid
Omeprazole Influenza Vaccine
Statin Aminophylline
Pantoprazole Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine
Atorvastatin Caffeine
Rabeprazole Measles, Mumps & Rubella
Fluvastatin Green Tea
(MMR) Virus Vaccine
Retinoid Lovastatin Pentoxifylline
Meningococcal Group B
Acitretin Pitavastatin
Vaccine
Adapalene Pravastatin
Meningococcal Groups C & Y
Alitretinoin Rosuvastatin
& Haemophilus B Tetanus
Bexarotene Simvastatin
CLASS REACTIONS*
ACE INHIBITORS
B C E F L P Q R T Z =
SKIN
Anaphylaxis [1] [1] • [1] • ü

Angioedema [8] [45] [73] [3] [43] [6] [9] [11] [3] [1] üü
(15%) (70%)
Bullous dermatitis [1] [1]
Bullous pemphigoid [2] [2] [1]
Dermatitis [3] [1] [1]
Diaphoresis [1] [1] • • • [3] [2] ü

DRESS syndrome [2] [1] [1]
Edema [1] • • [4] [1] • ü

Erythema [1] [1] • • [1] ü
Erythema multiforme • •
Erythroderma [2] [1] [1]
Exanthems [1] [19] [9] [4] [1] [1] ü

(10%)
Exfoliative dermatitis [4] • [2] •
Facial edema [1] • [1]
Flushing [1] [2] [4] [2] • [2] • ü

Jaundice [1] [1]
Kaposi’s sarcoma [2] [2] [1]
Lichen planus [2] [3]

pemphigoides
Lichenoid eruption [12] [2] [2]
Linear IgA [1] [5]
Lupus erythematosus [8] [2] [1]
Mycosis fungoides [2] [1]
Palmar–plantar [1] [1]

pustulosis
B Benazepril; C Captopril; E Enalapril; F Fosinopril; L Lisinopril; P Perindopril; Q Quinapril; R Ramipril; T Trandolapril; Z Zofenopril
These tables concentrate on skin, hair, nails and mucosal reactions.

* The following conventions are followed in these tables:
• reaction noted (package inserts)
[3] number of published reports of a reaction
(8%) highest incidence that has ever been noted or reported
? 20 reports or over or an incidence of 20% or over recorded for this reaction for a minority of drugs in the class
ü at least half the drugs in the class selection have this reaction noted or reported
üü all drugs in the class selection have this reaction noted or reported
Note: reactions noted or reported for only one drug in a class selection have been excluded
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual © 2019 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 305
ACE INHIBITORS CLASS REACTIONS
B C E F L P Q R T Z =
Pemphigus [1] [24] [11] [1] [1] [1] • ü

Pemphigus foliaceus [1] [2] [2] [1] [2] [1] [1] [1] [1] ü
Peripheral edema [3] [2] [1] [4] [3] ü
Photosensitivity • [3] [2] • • [2] [2] ü
Pityriasis rosea [6] [2]
Pruritus [1] [8] [3] [1] • (<10%) [7] [3] • ü

(10%)
Pseudolymphoma [2] [1] [1]
Psoriasis [8] [3] [1] • [1] ü

Purpura [1] [1] [2] • • ü
Rash [1] [12] [5] [1] [5] [1] [5] [4] • • üü
(4–7%) (<10%)
Stevens-Johnson [1] [1] [2]

syndrome (5%)
Toxic epidermal [3] [1]

necrolysis (5%)
Urticaria [1] [9] [5] • [2] • • ü

(7%)
Vasculitis [7] [2] [1] • [1] ü

Xerosis [1] •
HAIR
Alopecia [4] [1] [1] • (<10%) ü

NAILS
Nail dystrophy [2] [1]
MUCOSAL
Burning mouth [1] [1] [1]

syndrome
Gingival bleeding [1] [1]
Glossitis [3] •
Glossopyrosis [1] [1]
Oral burn [1] [1]
Oral ulceration [4] [2]
Sialorrhea [1] •
Tongue edema [2] [2] [2]
Xerostomia [1] • • • • • • • ü
B Benazepril; C Captopril; E Enalapril; F Fosinopril; L Lisinopril; P Perindopril; Q Quinapril; R Ramipril; T Trandolapril; Z Zofenopril
306 Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual © 2019 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
CLASS REACTIONS ANTIARRHYTHMICS
ANTIARRHYTHMICS
A Di Dr F I L Pn Pf Pr Q S =
SKIN
Acneform eruption • [2] [2]
AGEP [1] [2]
Anaphylaxis [2] [2] [7] [1]
Angioedema [2] [1] [3] [1] [1] [2] • ü

Dermatitis • [1] [27] [1] [2] [4] ü

(<10%) (6%)
Diaphoresis [2] • [1] [1] •
Eczema [1] [3] [2]

(<10%)
Edema (<10%) • • [2] • (5%) ü

Erythema (5%) [3] [1] [1]
Erythema multiforme [1] [2] [1] [1]
Erythema nodosum [2] [1] [1]
Exanthems [5] [1] [1] [1] [2] [5] [1] [4] [6] ü
(<5%) (8%) (17%)
Exfoliative dermatitis [1] • [2] [1] [5]
Fixed eruption [1] [2] [1] [2]
Flushing (<10%) • • • [2] [2] ü

Hypersensitivity [1] [1] [9] [2] [1]
Leukocytoclastic [1] [1]

vasculitis
Lupus erythematosus [5] [3] [1] [176] [3] [2] [35] ü

(5%) (15–20%)
Necrosis [1] [3]
Photosensitivity [42] [1] [1] [1] [1] [21] • ü

(10–75%)
Phototoxicity [3] [1] [1] [1]
Pigmentation [68] [1] [3] ?

(<10%)
Pruritus [2] • [1] • [3] • • [1] [3] (<10%) ü

(<5%) (<10%)
Psoriasis [2] [2] [2] [21] [5] [3] ü

Purpura [1] [1] [1] [3] • [1] [13] ü
A Amiodarone; Di Disopyramide; Dr Dronedarone; F Flecainide; I Ibutilide; L Lidocaine; Pn Procainamide; Pf Propafenone; Pr Propranolol;

Q Quinidine; S Sotalol
ANTIARRHYTHMICS CLASS REACTIONS
A Di Dr F I L Pn Pf Pr Q S =
Rash [1] • [8] • • • • [2] (<10%) • ü

(<10%) (<10%)
Raynaud’s [3] • ?
phenomenon (59%)
Sjögren’s syndrome [1] [1]
Stevens-Johnson • [1] [2]

syndrome
Toxic epidermal [2] [1] [1] [2]

necrolysis
Toxicity [5] [1] [1] [1] [3] [1] ü

Urticaria [1] • [5] [1] [1] [3] [1] ü
(<5%)
Vasculitis [6] [1] [5] [5] [1]
HAIR
Alopecia [5] • • [6] [1] • ü

MUCOSAL
Oral lesions [1] [1] ?

(40%)
Oral mucosal eruption [1] [2]
Oral ulceration [1] [1] [1]
Sialorrhea (<10%) [1]
Xerostomia [2] • • [1] • ?

(40%)
A Amiodarone; Di Disopyramide; Dr Dronedarone; F Flecainide; I Ibutilide; L Lidocaine; Pn Procainamide; Pf Propafenone; Pr Propranolol;

Q Quinidine; S Sotalol
CLASS REACTIONS ANTIBIOTICS, MACROLIDE
ANTIBIOTICS, MACROLIDE
A C E =
SKIN
AGEP [3] [2] ü

Anaphylaxis [2] [2] [2] üü
Angioedema [1] [1] [1] üü
Dermatitis [1] [4] ü
Exanthems [3] [3] [4] üü
(<5%)
Fixed eruption [3] [6] ü

Hypersensitivity [3] [3] [3] üü
(<10%)
Jarisch–Herxheimer [2] [1] ü

reaction
Pruritus [3] [1] ü

Pustules [1] [1] ü
Rash [6] [2] [3] üü
(2–10%)
SDRIFE [1] [2] ü

Stevens-Johnson [9] [1] [8] üü
syndrome (5%) (10%)
Toxic epidermal [1] [4] [8] üü

necrolysis (5%) (10%)
Toxicity [1] [1] ü

Urticaria [2] [1] [4] üü
Vasculitis [1] [3] [1] üü
HAIR
Alopecia [1] [1] ü

MUCOSAL
Gingival [1] [1] ü

hyperplasia/hypertrophy
A Azithromycin; C Clarithromycin; E Erythromycin
ANTICONVULSANTS CLASS REACTIONS
ANTICONVULSANTS
B C G La Le O Phb Phy Ti To V Z =
SKIN
Acne keloid [1] [2]
Acneform eruption [1] • [1] • [1] [8] • • • ü

AGEP [5] [1] [1] [1] [5] [1] ü
Angioedema • [5] [1] • [2]
(<10%)
Anticonvulsant [19] [2] [17] [1] [10] [10] [6] ü

hypersensitivity
syndrome
Bullae [1] [1]
Bullous dermatitis [4] [1] [5] [1] [1]
Bullous pemphigoid [2] [1]
Dermatitis [7] [1] • •
Diaphoresis (<10%) • • [1] • • [1] • ü

DRESS syndrome [51] [18] [7] [6] [15] [34] [10] [3] ü
(77%) (11%) (6%) (68%)
Ecchymoses • • • (<6%) [4] • ü

(<5%)
Eczema [2] • • • •
Edema [5] [1] • [1] • • [3] • ü

Epidermolysis bullosa [1] [1]
Erythema [1] [2] [2]

(~10%)
Erythema multiforme [16] [4] [2] [7] [11] [3] ü

Erythroderma [12] [1] [2] [9] [3]
(16%) (6%)
Exanthems [36] [2] [19] [1] [4] [13] [22] • [1] [3] • ü
(17%) (20%) (70%) (71%) (14%)
Exfoliative dermatitis [24] [1] [6] [15] • ?
Facial edema [2] • • • [1] • • ü

Fixed eruption [10] [1] [1] [9] [5] [2] [1] ü
Flushing • [1] ?
(27%)
Furunculosis • (<5%)
Granuloma annulare [1] [1]
Hand–foot syndrome [1] [1]
Hot flashes [1] (<10%) • (<10%)
Hyperhidrosis [1] •
B Brivaracetam; C Carbamazepine; G Gabapentin; La Lamotrigine; Le Levetiracetam; O Oxcarbazepine; Phb Phenobarbital; Phy Phenytoin;
Ti Tiagabine; To Topiramate; V Valproic Acid; Z Zonisamide
CLASS REACTIONS ANTICONVULSANTS
Hypersensitivity • [71] [1] [29] [1] [6] [12] [47] [5] [4] ü
(<10%) (23%)

vasculitis
Lichenoid eruption [8] [1]
Linear IgA [1] [8]
Lupus erythematosus [35] [4] [2] [19] [5] [1] ü

Lymphadenopathy [1] [1] • • •
Lymphoma [2] [6]
Lymphoproliferative [5] [1]

disease
Mycosis fungoides [3] [1] [1] [7]
Neoplasms [1] •
Oligohydrosis [1] [8]
Pemphigus [3] [1] [2]
Peripheral edema [1] [13] [1] [1] • [1] • ü

(8%) (<5%)
Petechiae [1] • • [1] •

(<5%)
Photosensitivity [9] [2] [1] [1] • • [1] ü

Pigmentation [1] [1] [4] • •
Pruritus [7] [1] [3] [1] [1] [5] • [3] [1] [1] ü
(2–6%)
Pseudolymphoma [17] [1] [1] [31] [2] ?
Psoriasis [1] [1] •
Purpura [8] [1] [1] • [2] [4] • [2] • ü

Pustules [5] [1] [3] •
Rash [31] [2] [54] [5] [11] [4] [13] [2] [3] [7] [6] ü
(12%) (12– (9%) (17%) (5%) (6%) (7%)
22%)
Scleroderma [1] [1]
Sjögren’s syndrome [1] [1] [1] [1]
Stevens-Johnson [103] [2] [53] [4] [11] [23] [60] [12] [3] ü
syndrome (68%) (30%) (29%) (68%)
Toxic epidermal [93] [54] [2] [4] [28] [66] [9] [1] ü
necrolysis (68%) (13%) (29%) (68%)
Toxicity [2] [1] [1]
Toxicoderma [1] [1]
Urticaria [14] [1] [2] [1] [5] • [1] [1] ü

(7%)
Vasculitis [7] [1] [1] [1] [11] [3] ü
ANTICONVULSANTS CLASS REACTIONS
Vesiculobullous • •
eruption
Xerosis • • [1] [1]
HAIR
Alopecia [7] [2] [2] [3] • [2] [23] • ü

(~6%) (<10%)
Hirsutism [1] • [8] • [2] • ü

(25%) (13%) (60%)
Poliosis [1] [1]
NAILS
Nail changes [2] •
Nail hypoplasia [1] [2] [3]
Nail pigmentation [1] [2]
Onychomadesis [1] [1]
MUCOSAL
Epistaxis • •
Gingival [1] • [1] [4] [57] • [2] [8] • ü

hyperplasia/hypertrophy (16%) (16– (42%)
94%)
Gingivitis • • • • • • ü
Glossitis • (<5%) •
Halitosis • [1]
Mucocutaneous [4] [2]

eruption
Mucocutaneous lymph [2] [1]

node syndrome
Oral ulceration [2] [1] [1] [1] • • ü

Rectal hemorrhage • • •
Sialorrhea • [1]
(4–5%)
Stomatitis • • • (<5%) •
Ulcerative stomatitis • •
Xerostomia [1] (6%) • [1] [1] [6] [2] • ü

(5%) (16%) (<5%)
CLASS REACTIONS ANTIDEPRESSANTS, TRICYCLIC
ANTIDEPRESSANTS, TRICYCLIC
Ami Amo C I N T =
SKIN
Angioedema [1] [1]
Dermatitis [1] [1]
Diaphoresis [1] [2] [8] (<10%) [1] ü

(<10%) (<10%) (43%) (25%) (<10%)
DRESS syndrome [2] [1]
Edema [1] (<10%) • [1] ü

Exanthems [2] [6]
(6%)
Fixed eruption [1] [1]
Flushing (8%) [1]
Hypersensitivity [1] [2]
Lupus erythematosus [1] [1]
Photosensitivity [3] • [3] [3] [2] • üü

Pigmentation [4] [1] [13] ü
Pruritus [3] [1] [1] [6] ü
(6%)
Purpura [2] • [3] ü

Rash (<10%) (8%)

necrolysis (5%)
Urticaria • [1] [6] ü

Vasculitis [1] [1] [1] ü
HAIR
Alopecia [1] • • [2] • • üü

Alopecia areata [1] [1]
MUCOSAL
Stomatitis [1] [2]
Xerostomia [17] [1] [6] [16] [9] [2] üü

(79%) (14%) (84%) (21%)
Ami Amitriptyline; Amo Amoxapine; C Clomipramine; I Imipramine; N Nortriptyline; T Trimipramine
ANTIHISTAMINES (HI) CLASS REACTIONS
ANTIHISTAMINES (HI)
Ce Chl Des Dy Fex H Lev Lor O P =
SKIN
AGEP [1] [1] [1] [3]

Anaphylaxis [2] [1] [4] [2] • [1] ü
Angioedema • (<10%) [1] [3] [1] • ü
Bullous dermatitis • •
Dermatitis • [4] [4] [1] [1] • [3] ü
(<10%)
Desquamation [1] [1]
Diaphoresis • •
Eczema [2] [1]
Edema • •
Erythema multiforme [2] • [2]
Exanthems [1] [1] [3] [1]
Fixed eruption [7] [4] [3] [3] [3] [1] [1] ü
Flushing [1] [1] • ?
(60%)
Palmar erythema [1] [1]
Photosensitivity • (<10%) [3] • • [12] ü
Phototoxicity • [1] [1] [1]
Pruritus [1] [1] [2] [1]
Purpura • [1] [1] • [2] ü
Rash • • • [1] [1] ü
Stevens-Johnson [2] [1]
syndrome
Toxic epidermal [3] [1] [2]
necrolysis
Toxicity [2] [1]
Urticaria [9] [2] [3] [4] [1] [4] [3] ü
Xerosis • •
HAIR
Alopecia • •
MUCOSAL
Oral ulceration [1] [1]

Sialorrhea • •
Stomatitis • •
Xerostomia [2] (<10%) [5] [1] [4] • [9] [2] ü
(6%) (<10%) (12%) (<10%)
Ce Cetirizine; Chl Chlorpheniramine; Des Desloratadine; Dy Diphenhydramine; Fex Fexofenadine; H Hydroxyzine; Lev Levocetirizine;
Lor Loratadine; O Olopatadine; P Promethazine
CLASS REACTIONS ANTIMALARIALS
ANTIMALARIALS
Amo A/L Art A/P C H M P Quc Qud Qun S T =
SKIN
Acneform eruption [2] [2]
AGEP [1] [1] [23] [1] [2] ?

(25%)
Anaphylaxis [1] [2] •
Angioedema [1] [1] • [2] • • [1] ü

Bullous dermatitis [2] [2] [1]
Dermatitis [1] [2] [1] • [4] [6] ü

Erythema [2] [1] [1]
Erythema annulare [2] [3]

centrifugum
Erythema multiforme [2] • [2] [4] [1] [2] [3] ü

Erythema nodosum [1] [1]
Erythroderma [3] [3]
Exanthems [1] [3] [4] [1] [3] [3] [6] [3] [1] ü
(<5%) (<5%) (30%) (80%) (17%) (<5%)
Exfoliative dermatitis [4] [3] [1] [2] [3] [5] [2] [3] ü
(8%)
Fixed eruption [1] • • [3] [3] [2] [12] [2] ü

Flushing [2] •
Hypersensitivity [1] [1] [1] [1] • •
Lesions [1] [1]
Lichen planus [1] [7] [3]
Lichenoid eruption [6] [4] [2] [6] [6] [3]

(12%)
Livedo reticularis [6] [3]
Lupus erythematosus [35] [1] ?
Lymphoproliferative [1] [1] [1]

disease
Ochronosis [2] [1]
Pemphigus [1] [1]
Photosensitivity [8] [6] [3] [1] [21] [19] [2] ü

Phototoxicity [1] [1] [3] [1]
Pigmentation [15] [19] [5] [9] [3] [6]

(<10%)
Amo Amodiaquine; A/L Artemether/Lumefantrine; Art Artesunate; A/P Atovaquone/Proguanil; C Chloroquine; H Hydroxychloroquine; M Mefloquine;
P Pyrimethamine; Quc Quinacrine; Qud Quinidine; Qun Quinine; S Sulfadoxine; T Tafenoquine
ANTIMALARIALS CLASS REACTIONS
Amo A/L Art A/P C H M P Quc Qud Qun S T =
Pruritus [4] [2] [4] (<10%) [36] [13] [2] [2] • [3] [1] [2] ü
(47%) (47%) (4–
10%)
Psoriasis [19] [14] [2] [1] [5]
Purpura [1] [1] [1] [13] [13] [1]
Pustules [1] [1] [1] [1] [1]
Rash [6] [1] [4] [1] • [1] (<10%) [1] • ü

(11%) (<10%) (<10%)
Stevens-Johnson [1] [4] [1] [2] [25] [2] [24] ü

syndrome (<10%) (<10%)
Thrombocytopenic [2] [8]

purpura
Toxic epidermal [5] [3] [2] [15] [2] [3] [17] ü

necrolysis
Toxicity [2] [1]
Urticaria [1] [2] [1] [1] [4] [2] [1] [1] [1] [2] ü
Vasculitis [1] [3] [5] [5]
HAIR
Alopecia [1] [2] • [2] [1] ?

(80%)
Hair pigmentation [10] [8]

(<10%)
NAILS
Discoloration [1] [1]
Nail pigmentation [2] [3] [2]
MUCOSAL
Aphthous stomatitis [1] [1] [1] [1]
Gingival pigmentation [1] [1]
Glossitis • •
Oral edema [1] [1] [1]
Oral pigmentation [13] [7] [4] [1]
Oral ulceration [3] [1] [1]

(6%)
Stomatitis • [2] [1]
Amo Amodiaquine; A/L Artemether/Lumefantrine; Art Artesunate; A/P Atovaquone/Proguanil; C Chloroquine; H Hydroxychloroquine; M Mefloquine;
P Pyrimethamine; Quc Quinacrine; Qud Quinidine; Qun Quinine; S Sulfadoxine; T Tafenoquine
CLASS REACTIONS ANTIPSYCHOTICS
ANTIPSYCHOTICS
Ap As Chl Clo H Lo Lu O Pal Per Q R Z =
SKIN
Acneform eruption [1] •
AGEP [1] [1] [1]
Anaphylaxis [1] [1] •
Angioedema [1] [1] [2] [1] • [2] [6] [2] ü

Bullous dermatitis [1] •
Candidiasis • •
Dermatitis [1] • • [1] [1]
Diaphoresis [4] [2] • (<10%) • [1] ?

(31%)
Ecchymoses • •
Eczema • • [1] [1] •
Edema • [3] • [1] [3]
Erythema multiforme • • [1] [1]
Exanthems [8] [2] • [1] [2] •

(13%)
Exfoliative dermatitis • •
Facial edema [1] • • •
Fixed eruption • [1]
Flushing [1] [1]
Furunculosis • •
Hyperhidrosis [1] •
Lichenoid eruption [1] [1] •
Lupus erythematosus [12] [4] [4] [2]
Peripheral edema [1] [5] [4] [5] [4] •

(<10%) (16%)
Photosensitivity [23] [1] [3] [1] • • [2] • ü

(<10%) (<10%)
Pigmentation [16] • • [1] • •
Pruritus [2] • • [1] • • [1] • ü

(<10%)
Pseudolymphoma [1] [1]
Psoriasis [3] •
Purpura [6] • (<10%) •
Ap Aripiprazole; As Asenapine; Chl Chlorpromazine; Clo Clozapine; H Haloperidol; Lo Loxapine; Lu Lurasidone; O Olanzapine; Pal Paliperidone;
Per Perphenazine; Q Quetiapine; R Risperidone; Z Ziprasidone
ANTIPSYCHOTICS CLASS REACTIONS
Ap As Chl Clo H Lo Lu O Pal Per Q R Z =
Pustules [1] [1]
Rash [2] (<10%) [2] • (<10%) • [2] [1] (<10%) • [1] • ü

(7%)
SDRIFE [1] [1]
Seborrhea [1] • •
Seborrheic dermatitis [4] [2]

syndrome
Sweet’s syndrome [1] [1] [1]
Ulcerations • •
Urticaria [4] • • [1] [2] [1]

(5%)
Vasculitis [3] • [1]
Vesiculobullous • •
eruption
Xerosis • • •
HAIR
Alopecia [1] [3] [1] [2] •
NAILS
MUCOSAL
Epistaxis (<10%) [1] •
Gingival bleeding [1] •
Gingivitis • [1] • [1]
Glossitis • •
Glossodynia [1] •
Nasal congestion • [1]
Oral ulceration • •
Sialorrhea [5] [1] [77] [1] • [4] [2] [3] [11] • ü

(4– (30– (<6%) (13%)
11%) 80%)
Stomatitis • • •
Tongue edema • • • • •
Tongue pigmentation • •
Xerostomia [7] [1] [1] [3] [4] • [11] [1] [22] [7] [1] ü
(15%) (<10%) (6%) (21%) (19%) (31%) (18%) (<5%)
Ap Aripiprazole; As Asenapine; Chl Chlorpromazine; Clo Clozapine; H Haloperidol; Lo Loxapine; Lu Lurasidone; O Olanzapine; Pal Paliperidone;
Per Perphenazine; Q Quetiapine; R Risperidone; Z Ziprasidone
CLASS REACTIONS ANTIRETROVIRALS
ANTIRETROVIRALS
Amp Ata C Ef Em H I L R =
SKIN
Acneform eruption (<10%) •
Dermatitis [3] • [1] [1]
Diaphoresis [1] • (<10%)
Eczema • •
Edema [1] (6%)
Exanthems [1] [1] [3] (17%) [1] [1] [2] ü

(27%) (<10%)
Flushing • • (13%)
Folliculitis • • •
Hypersensitivity [1] [5] [1] [1] (8%) ü

Jaundice [11] [1] [1] [3]
(13%) (13%)
Lesions [1] [1]
Lipodystrophy [2] [8] (<10%) [4]

(14%)
Peripheral edema • [1] (6%)
Photosensitivity [4] [1] •
Pigmentation [3] [18] ?

(32%) (59%)
Pruritus [1] (11%) (17–30%) [3] [2] (12%) ü

(86%)
Psoriasis [1] •
Rash [6] [7] [3] [16] [5] [2] [5] [12] ü

(20–27%) (3–20%) (22%) (31%) (17–30%) (67%) (69%) (69%)
Seborrhea • •
Stevens-Johnson [1] [4] [2]

syndrome (8%)
Toxicity [1] [2] [1] [1] [1] [2] ü

(21%) (39%) (5%) (6%)
Urticaria [1] [1] • (8%) ?

(17–30%)
Vasculitis [1] [6] [1]
Xerosis [7] [2] •

(<10%) (12%)
Amp Amprenavir; Ata Atazanavir; C Cobicistat/Elvitegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Disoproxil; Ef Efavirenz; Em Emtricitabine; H Hydroxyurea;

I Indinavir; L Lopinavir; R Ritonavir
ANTIRETROVIRALS CLASS REACTIONS
Amp Ata C Ef Em H I L R =
HAIR
Alopecia • [8] [5] [3] [2] ü

(<10%) (12%)
Alopecia areata [1] [1] [1] [1] ü

NAILS
Onychocryptosis [2] [1]
MUCOSAL
Cheilitis [4] [1] ?

(52%)
Gingivitis • •
Oral ulceration [8] •
Oropharyngeal pain [1] (16%)
Sialolithiasis [1] [1]
Sialorrhea [1] [1]
Xerostomia • • •
Amp Amprenavir; Ata Atazanavir; C Cobicistat/Elvitegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Disoproxil; Ef Efavirenz; Em Emtricitabine; H Hydroxyurea;

I Indinavir; L Lopinavir; R Ritonavir
CLASS REACTIONS BENZODIAZEPINES
BENZODIAZEPINES
A Cln Clo D L M O =
SKIN
Acneform eruption [1] [1]
Anaphylaxis [1] [1]
Angioedema [1] [1] [1] [1] ü

Dermatitis [5] (<10%) (<10%) [3] (<10%) (<10%) ü

(<10%)
Diaphoresis (16%) [1] • • • • ü

Edema (5%) [2]
Erythema multiforme [1] [1] [1]
Exanthems [1] [1] [1] [6] ü

Exfoliative dermatitis [1] [2]
Fixed eruption [2] [1] [1]
Flushing [1] [1]
Peripheral edema [1] •
Photosensitivity [4] [1]
Pruritus [2] [1] [3]

(<10%)
Purpura [1] [4]
Rash [4] • • [2] • • • üü

(11%)
Urticaria [1] [1] [2]
Vasculitis [1] [1]
MUCOSAL
Sialopenia (33%) • • • • ü
Sialorrhea • (<10%) (<10%) [1] • (<10%) ü
Xerostomia [6] [1] • [1] • • ü
(15%)
A Alprazolam; Cln Clonazepam; Clo Clorazepate; D Diazepam; L Lorazepam; M Midazolam; O Oxazepam
BETA BLOCKERS CLASS REACTIONS
BETA BLOCKERS
A B C N P S =
SKIN
Anaphylaxis [2] [1]
Cold extremities [1] [6] ?

(36%)
Dermatitis [1] [1] [2] ü

Diaphoresis • [1]
Edema [1] (5%)
Fixed eruption [1] [1] [1] ü

vasculitis
Lichenoid eruption [1] [1] [3] [1] ü

Lupus erythematosus [2] [1] [2] ü
Necrosis [3] [3]
Peripheral edema (<10%) •
Photosensitivity [1] •
Pruritus (<5%) [1] (<10%) ü

Psoriasis [7] [1] [21] [3] ü
Rash [1] (<10%) • [2] • ü
(<10%)
Raynaud’s [2] (<10%) [3] • ü

phenomenon (59%)
Urticaria [2] [3]
Vasculitis [1] [1]
HAIR
Alopecia [1] [6] • ü

MUCOSAL
Xerostomia • [1] • ü
A Atenolol; B Bisoprolol; C Celiprolol; N Nebivolol; P Propranolol; S Sotalol
CLASS REACTIONS BIOLOGICS
BIOLOGICS
Ald Alm Be Bo C D E G Ib In Ip L P R =
SKIN
Abscess [1] [1]
Acne keloid [1] [1] [2]
Acneform eruption [6] [66] [2] [29] [34] [3] • [1] [1] [18] ü
(83%) (97%) (<10%) (73– (66– (81%)
80%) 85%)
AGEP [1] [2] [1] [7]
Anaphylaxis • [5] [1] [1] [1] [1] [7] ü

(13%) (30%)
Angioedema [2] • [1] [3] [1] [4]

(11%)
Bullae [1] [1]
Bullous dermatitis [1] • [1] [4] [1]
Burning [1] [1]
Carcinoma [2] [1]
Cellulitis • [1] (5%) [1]
Dermatitis [2] [1] [1] [4] [1] [4] [1] [14] [1] [2] ü
(80%) (<10%) (30%) (6%) (12%)
Dermatomyositis [1] [1] [2]
Desquamation [1] [1] [3] [1] [2] [3] ?

(8%) (89%) (39%) (13%)
Diaphoresis (13%) [1] (8%) [2]

(15%)
DRESS syndrome [2] [3] [1] [3]
Ecchymoses [1] [1]

(16%) (16%)
Eczema [1] (<10%) [1] [1] [6] [1] [2] ü

(39%)
Edema [3] [1] (23%) [6] [1] [36] [2] [1] [1] [1] ü
(47%) (15%) (38%) (80%) (15%) (10%) (15%)
Embolia cutis [1] [1]

medicamentosa
(Nicolau syndrome)
Erythema [5] [1] [1] [2] [3] [2] (18%) [1] [5] [2] [5] (5%) [5] [2] üü
(41%) (14%) (<10%) (65%) (16%)
Erythema [1] [1] [2] [2] [1]

multiforme (16%) (16%)
Erythema nodosum [3] • [1] [1]
Ald Aldesleukin; Alm Alemtuzumab; Be Bevacizumab; Bo Bortezomib; C Cetuximab; D Dasatinib; E Erlotinib; G Gefitinib; Ib Imatinib; In Interferon
Alfa; Ip Ipilimumab; L Lenalidomide; P Panitumumab; R Rituximab
BIOLOGICS CLASS REACTIONS
Exanthems [5] [1] [1] [5] [3] [3] [9] [3] [6] [3] [1] ü
(16%) (8%) (21%) (20%) (16%)
Exfoliative [1] [1] [1] [4] [1] [2] ?

dermatitis (18%) (25%)
Facial edema • [1] [3] [1]

(<10%)
Fissures [4] [1] [5] ?

(14%) (21%)
Flushing [2] [2] [1] (5%)

(<10%)
Folliculitis [2] [13] [9] [4] [1] [1] [2] [3] ü

(83%) (11%) (7%)
Graft-versus-host [1] [1] [1] [1] [2] ?

reaction (14%) (43%)
Granulomas [1] [1] [5]
Hand–foot [13] [5] [1] [3] [2] [3] [1] [1] [3] ü
syndrome (57%) (6%) (30– (10%) (23%)
60%)
Hematoma • [1] [1]
Herpes [2] (<10%)
Herpes simplex [2] [2] [2]

(6%)
Herpes zoster [3] [13] [7]

(9%) (10–
15%)
Hyperhidrosis [1] [1] [1] [2]

(8%) (<10%) (11%)
Hypersensitivity [1] [9] • [1] [1] [5]

(7%)
Kaposi’s sarcoma [1] [2] [3]
Keratoses [1] [1]
Lesions [1] [1]

(8%)
Linear IgA [4] [3]
Livedo reticularis [1] [2]
Lupus [1] [1] [1] [1] [17] [1]

erythematosus
Lupus syndrome [1] [2] [1] [1]
Lymphoma [2] [1]
Malignancies [1] [6]
Malignant • [1]
lymphoma
Necrolysis [1] [1]
Necrosis [2] [2] [1] [6] [1]
Neutrophilic [1] [3]

eccrine hidradenitis
Panniculitis [4] [3]
Papulopustular [7] [9] [3] [4] ?

eruption (83%) (29%) (21%) (21–
41%)
Pemphigus [2] [2] [1]
Peripheral edema (28%) (13%) [1] [5] [1] [3] [1] [5] [5] [1] [1] ü
(8%) (83%) (40%) (44%) (22%) (75%) (83%) (12%) (14%)
Petechiae • [1]
(<10%)
Photosensitivity [1] [1] [1] [3] [2]

(<10%)
Pigmentation [1] [1] [1] [1] [14] [3] [1] [2] [1] ü
(16%) (60%) (21%) (23%) (16%)
Pityriasis rubra [1] [1]

pilaris
Pruritus [7] (14– [1] [1] [9] [4] [9] [6] [3] [4] [22] [3] [10] [8] üü
(24%) 24%) (91%) (11%) (40%) (14%) (21%) (61%) (10%) (30%) (65%) (42%) (91%) (14%)
Psoriasis [4] [1] [3] [24] [1] [4] ?
Purpura [1] (8%) [1] [2] [3] [1] [1] [2] [1] [1] ü
Pustules [1] [1] [1]
Pyoderma [1] [1] [1] [1] [3]

gangrenosum
Radiation recall [1] [2] [1] [1]

dermatitis
Rash [2] [5] [17] [11] [52] [10] [116] [67] [26] [5] [29] [18] [33] [12] üü
(42%) (13– (91%) (67%) (89%) (34%) (80%) (66– (69%) (11%) (83%) (36%) (91%) (58%)
40%) 85%)
Rosacea [1] [2] [1] [1] [1]
Sarcoidosis [1] [47] [4] [3] ?
Scleroderma [2] [1]
Sclerosis [1] [1]
Seborrheic [1] [1] [2]

dermatitis
Serum sickness [1] [22] ?

(8%) (<20%)
Squamous cell [1] [1] [2] [1]

carcinoma (7%)

syndrome
BIOLOGICS CLASS REACTIONS
Sweet’s syndrome [1] [7] [1] [4] [1] [3]
Telangiectasia [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1]
Thrombocytopenic [11] [1] [2] [1]

purpura
necrolysis
Toxicity [6] [1] [9] [4] [20] [8] [10] [10] [9] [4] [4] [6] [26] [3] üü
(16%) (38%) (63%) (36%) (84%) (68%) (30– (35%) (75%) (95%) (12%)
44%)
Transient [1] [2]

acantholytic
dermatosis
Tumor lysis [2] [1] [1] [3] [4]

syndrome (17%) (<5%) (<5%) (21%)
Tumors [5] [1]

(11%) (11%)
Ulcerations [3] [1] [1] [1] [2] [1] [1] ü

Urticaria [3] [2] [1] [1] [3] [3] [3] [1] [5] ü
(16– (<10%) (8%)
30%)
Vasculitis [1] [1] [1] [4] [1] [1] [2] [7] [3] [4] ü
Vitiligo [3] [9] [3]
Xerosis (15%) [1] [1] [15] [1] [13] [13] [2] [1] [1] [2] [12] ü
(16%) (49%) (<10%) (56%) (53%) (<10%) (13%) (16%) (62%)
HAIR
Abnormal hair [2] [1]

growth
Alopecia [2] [5] (5%) [3] [10] [6] [2] [16] [3] [3] [1] ü
(10%) (43%) (<10%) (14%) (10– (48%) (19%) (54%)
15%)
Alopecia universalis [1] [1]
Hair changes [3] [4] [2] ?

(20%) (9%)

(18%)
Hirsutism [1] [1]
Hypertrichosis [3] [4] [2] [3]
NAILS
Nail changes [1] [3] [1] [2] ?

(21%) (25%) (17%) (9–
29%)
Nail disorder [3] [1] [1] [1]
Nail pigmentation [1] [2] ?
Paronychia [2] [17] [14] [14] [13] ?

(25%) (39%) (23%) (14– (85%)
32%)
Pyogenic granuloma [1] [1] [2] [1]
MUCOSAL
Aphthous stomatitis [1] [1] [1] [1] [2] [1]

(5%)
Epistaxis [5] [1] [1] (15%) [1]

(17%) (17%)
Mucocutaneous [1] [1]

eruption
Mucosal [2] [1] [1] (6%) ?

inflammation (59%) (18%)
Mucositis [13] [2] [10] [1] [10] [4] [2] [1] [4] ü
(75%) (45%) (16%) (21%) (6– (15%) (75%)
17%)
Oral lichenoid [3] [1]

eruption
Oral mucositis [2] [1] ?

(82%) (33%) (6%)
Oral pigmentation [4] [1]
Oral ulceration [1] [2] [1] [1] [1] [1] [3] ü

(18%) (15%)
Oropharyngeal pain [1] [1]
Perianal fistula [1] [1] ?

(67%)
Rectal hemorrhage [1] [1]
Stomatitis [1] [1] [8] [1] [4] [1] [12] [8] [1] [4] [2] ü
(22%) (14%) (75%) (43%) (25%) (26%) (6– (30%) (100%) (69%)
17%)
Xerostomia [1] (11%) [1] [1] [4] [1] (7%) ü

(33%) (44%) (41%)
BISPHOSPHONATES CLASS REACTIONS
BISPHOSPHONATES
A E I P R Z =
SKIN
Angioedema [2] • • ü
Candidiasis (6%) (12%)
Eczema [1] [1]

(13%)
Edema • [3]
Erythema multiforme [2] [1]
Exanthems [1] [1]
Hypersensitivity [3] • • [1] ü

(19%)
Peripheral edema [1] (8%) (5–21%) ü

Pruritus [1] [1] [1] • ü
(4–5%)
Rash [5] • [1] [1] [1] [3] üü

(8%) (6%)

syndrome

necrolysis
Urticaria [1] [1]
HAIR
Alopecia [1] [1]

(12%)
MUCOSAL
Stomatitis [1] • (8%) ü
A Alendronate; E Etidronate; I Ibandronate; P Pamidronate; R Risedronate; Z Zoledronate
CLASS REACTIONS CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS
CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS

A D F I Nic Nif Nis V =
SKIN
Acneform eruption [1] • [1]
AGEP [21] [3] ?
Anaphylaxis [1] [1]
Angioedema [6] [3] [1] [1] [2] [3] ü

(6%)
Dermatitis (<10%) [1] [1]
Diaphoresis • [2] [1] • [2] • [2] ü

Ecchymoses • • [1]
Eczema [2] [1]
Edema [20] [4] [1] [6] • [3] [1] [1] üü

(5–14%) (<10%) (7%)
Erythema [2] • [2]
Erythema multiforme [2] [11] [5] [4] ü

(31%)
Exanthems [2] [17] [2] [1] [9] [1] [8] ü

(31%)
Exfoliative dermatitis [6] [5] • [2] ü

Facial edema [1] • • • ü
Flushing [5] [6] [10] [9] [2] [9] [1] [4] üü
(<10%) (<10%) (44%) (10%) (6%) (44%) (13%) (<7%)
Hyperkeratosis [1] [2]
Linear IgA [1] [1]
Lupus erythematosus [5] [3] [2]
Peripheral edema [45] [1] [6] [2] [12] [6] [1] ü

(34%) (5–8%) (22%) (7%) (6%) (22%) (<10%)
Petechiae [1] • •
Photosensitivity [1] [11] [5] [4] ü

Pigmentation [2] [10] •
Pruritus [3] [6] • [1] [3] • [6] ü

(6%)
Purpura [2] [3] [1] [3] [1] ü

Pustules [2] •
Rash (<10%) [4] • • [3] [2] • [2] üü
A Amlodipine; D Diltiazem; F Felodipine; I Isradipine; Nic Nicardipine; Nif Nifedipine; Nis Nisoldipine; V Verapamil
CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS CLASS REACTIONS
A D F I Nic Nif Nis V =
Stevens-Johnson [1] [4] [3] [5] ü

syndrome
Telangiectasia [5] [2] [2]

necrolysis
Ulcerations [1] •
Urticaria [1] [5] [1] • [3] [7] • [5] üü

Vasculitis [2] [6] [4] [2] ü
Xerosis • •
HAIR
Alopecia • [2] [4] • [5] ü

NAILS
Nail dystrophy [1] [1] [1]
MUCOSAL
Gingival [31] [10] [5] [1] [2] [75] • [10] üü

hyperplasia/hypertrophy (31%) (21%) (2–10%) (75%) (19%)
Oral ulceration [1] • [1]
Xerostomia [1] [2] [1] • • • • • üü
A Amlodipine; D Diltiazem; F Felodipine; I Isradipine; Nic Nicardipine; Nif Nifedipine; Nis Nisoldipine; V Verapamil
CLASS REACTIONS CEPHALOSPORINS
CEPHALOSPORINS
Cclor Cdxl Cnir Cpm Cixm Ctxm Ctan CF Czim Cple Caxn Coxm =
SKIN
AGEP [2] [1] [1] [1] [4] [2] ü

Anaphylaxis [5] [1] [1] [1] [3] • [3] [15] [7] ü
(65%)
Angioedema • [1] • • [3] • ü

Candidiasis • • • • [3]
(5%)
Dermatitis [1] [2]
DRESS syndrome [1] [1] [4] [2]
Erythema [1] (9%) [1]
Erythema multiforme [6] • [1] [2] [1] [1] • ü

(13%)
Exanthems [9] [1] • • [3] [1] [7] [2] ü

(6%) (6%)
Fixed eruption [2] [1] [1] [1]
Hypersensitivity [2] [1] [2] [1] [2] [1] [1] [4] [4] ü
Jarisch–Herxheimer reaction [1] [1]
Pemphigus [1] [1] [1] [1]
Pemphigus erythematodes [2] [1]
Pruritus [4] [1] • [3] [1] [3] • [7] [3] [1] [2] • üü
(9%)
Pustules [1] [1]
Rash [2] • • [12] [2] [3] [2] [9] [5] [1] [5] [1] üü
(12%) (51%) (10%)
SDRIFE [1] [1]
Serum sickness [7] •
Serum sickness-like reaction [23] • • [1] • [2] [2] ü

Stevens-Johnson syndrome [1] • • [2] [1] [2] • • [1] • ü
Toxic epidermal necrolysis [1] • [1] [1] [1] [2] ü
Urticaria [5] [2] • [1] [2] • • • • [4] [2] ü
(13%)
MUCOSAL
Glossitis [1] [2]
Oral candidiasis • [1] [1]
Cclor Cefaclor; Cdxl Cefadroxil; Cnir Cefdinir; Cpm Cefepime; Cixm Cefixime; Ctxm Cefotaxime; Ctan Cefotetan; CF Ceftaroline Fosamil;
Czim Ceftazidime; Cple Ceftobiprole; Caxn Ceftriaxone; Coxm Cefuroxime
DMARDS CLASS REACTIONS
DISEASE-MODIFYING ANTIRHEUMATIC DRUG (DMARDS)

Ab Ad Az Ce Cy E G H I M P R S =
SKIN
Abscess [1] [2] [4] [2]

Acneform eruption [3] [2] [7] [1] [6] [1] ?
(13%) (67%)
AGEP [2] [1] [23] [2] [3] ?
(25%)
Anaphylaxis [2] [1] [8] [2] [1] [11] [9] [7] [4] ü
(<10%)
Angioedema [4] [2] • [1] [1] • [2] [1] [4] [3] ü
(11%) (11%)
Angioma [1] [1]
Atrophy [1] [1]
Basal cell carcinoma [3] [2] [4] [1] [1] [1]
Bullous dermatitis [1] [2] [1] [4] [3] [1]
Bullous pemphigoid [1] [1] [6] [3]

Burning [1] [1]
Candidiasis [1] [2] [4] [1] [1]
(16%) (5%)
Carcinoma [2] [3] [2] [2]
Cellulitis [1] [2] [2] [5] [1] [1]
(<5%)
Churg-Strauss syndrome [1] [1]
Cicatricial pemphigoid [1] [2]
Cyst [5] [1]
Dermatitis [1] [4] • [3] [1] [4] [2] [4] [2] [2] ü
Dermatomyositis [5] [4] [1] [14] ?
Diaphoresis [2] [1]
(15%)
DRESS syndrome [3] [31] ?
(7%)
Ecchymoses [1] [1] [1]
Eccrine squamous [1] [1]
syringometaplasia
Eczema [2] [2] [5] [1] ?
(15%) (19–
30%)
Edema [1] [3] [2] [1] [1]
(5–
14%)
Erysipelas [1] [1]
(<5%)
Ab Abatacept; Ad Adalimumab; Az Azathioprine; Ce Certolizumab; Cy Cyclosporine; E Etanercept; G Golimumab; H Hydroxychloroquine;

I Infliximab; M Methotrexate; P Penicillamine; R Rituximab; S Sulfasalazine
CLASS REACTIONS DMARDS
Erythema [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [2]

(7%) (16%)
Erythema annulare [3] [1]
centrifugum
Erythema multiforme [1] [2] [2] [2] [4] (<5%) [8] ü
Erythema nodosum [1] [4] [1] [1] [1] [1] [2] ü
Erythroderma [3] [2] [1]
Exanthems [10] [1] [2] [4] [4] [5] [8] [1] [23] ü
(5%) (<5%) (15%) (23%)
Exfoliative dermatitis [1] [3] [1] [5]
Facial edema [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] ü
Fixed eruption [1] [1] [1] • [1] [7]
Flushing [1] [5] [2] [1] (5%) [2] ü

(2–5%) (39%)
Folliculitis [1] [8] [1] [2] [2]
Fungal dermatitis [1] [1] ?
(42%)
Furunculosis [1] [1] [1]
Granulomas [1] [2] [1]
Granulomatous reaction [5] [5] [1] [1]
Hand–foot syndrome [2] [3] ?
(31%)
Henoch–Schönlein [2] [3] [1]
purpura
Herpes [1] [1] [2]
Herpes simplex [3] [1] [3] [4] [1] [4] [2] [2] ü
(<5%) (35%) (10%)
Herpes zoster [3] [10] [8] [3] [2] [6] [11] [7] [7] ü
(27%)
Hidradenitis [2] [1] [2] [1] [1]
Hyperkeratosis [1] [1]
Hypersensitivity [2] [3] [29] • [2] [1] [11] [4] [3] [5] [21] ü
(11%) (9%)
Ichthyosis [1] [1]
Kaposi’s sarcoma [1] [14] [5] [1] [3]
Keratoacanthoma [1] [1] [1]
Leprosy [1] [2] [1]
Lesions [2] [1] [1]
Leukocytoclastic [1] [1] [1] [2]
vasculitis
Lichen planus [2] [1] [2] [4] [3]

Lichenoid eruption [5] [1] [1] [3] [4] [3] [7] ü

Linear IgA [2] [1]
Lupus erythematosus [16] [1] [25] [3] [35] [43] [1] [34] ü
(59%)
Lupus syndrome [3] [1] [4] [12] [1] [1]
Lymphadenopathy [1] [1] [1]

Lymphoma [8] [1] [12] [3] [1] [9] [5] [1] ü
Lymphomatoid papulosis [1] [1]
Lymphoproliferative [4] [2] [1] [1] [1] [1]
disease
Malignancies [10] [6] [2] [2] [4] [5] [2] [2] ü
(23%) (8%)
Melanoma [6] [1] [2] [1] [1] [1]
Molluscum contagiosum [1] [2] [2]

Morphea [1] [1] [2]
Necrosis [6] [1] [1]
Necrotizing fasciitis [1] [1] [1] [1]
Neoplasms [2] [2] [2] [1] [2] [2] [2] [1] ü
Neutrophilic dermatosis [1] [1] [4] [1] ?
(76%)
Nevi [3] [1] [2]
Nodular eruption [1] [3] [15]
Non-Hodgkin’s [1] [1] [1] [2]
lymphoma
pustulosis
Pemphigus [1] [76] [1] ?
Pemphigus foliaceus [1] [16]
Peripheral edema [1] (<5%) [3] [1] [1] (<10%) [1] ü
(10%) (14%)
Photoallergic reaction [1] [1]
Photosensitivity [1] [6] [9] [4]
(5%) (10%)
Phototoxicity [3] [1]
Pigmentation [1] [19] (<10%) [3] ?
(37%) (<10%)
Pityriasis lichenoides [1] [1] [2]
chronica
Porokeratosis [4] [1] [1]
Pruritus • [6] [1] [1] [2] [2] [13] [8] [1] [2] [8] [8] ü
(12%) (14%) (47%) (20%) (<5%) (44– (14%) (10%)
50%)
Pseudolymphoma [1] [6] [1] [2] [10] [2]

CLASS REACTIONS DMARDS
Psoriasis [13] [40] [6] [2] [20] [2] [14] [57] [1] [4] [4] [1] ü
(19%)
Purpura [4] [5] [1] [1]
Pustules [1] [2] [1] [5] [2]
Pyoderma gangrenosum [1] [1] [1] [1] [3]
Rash [6] [6] [10] [2] [1] [8] [3] [4] [13] [13] [6] [12] [19] üü
(23%) (12%) (<10%) (5%) (7– (15%) (<10%) (25%) (5%) (44– (58%) (6%)
12%) 50%)
Raynaud’s phenomenon [2] [1] [3]
Rosacea [1] [1] [1]
Sarcoidosis [9] [1] [10] [5] [1] [3] [1] ü
Scabies [5] [1] [1]
Scleroderma [1] [1] [7]
Serum sickness • [2] [22] [1] ?
(<20%)
Serum sickness-like • [5] [1] [5]
reaction (<17%)
Skin cancer [1] [1]
Squamous cell carcinoma [5] [5] [11] [12] [4] [1] [1] [2] ü
syndrome
Striae [1] [1]
(9%)
Thrombocytopenic [1] [5] [2]
purpura
Tinea [1] [3]
necrolysis (<10%)
Toxicity [1] [3] [1] [2] [1] [1] [2] [9] [3] ü
(6%) (75%) (10%) (12%)
Tumors [1] [8] [1] [1] [1]
(14%) (11%)
Ulcerations [1] • [1] [12]
Urticaria [1] [4] [5] • [2] [2] [2] [6] [4] [2] [5] [11] ü
(17%) (44– (8%) (<5%)
50%)
Vasculitis [2] [9] [5] • [3] [23] [1] [1] [18] [9] [7] [4] [4] üü
(13%) (25%) (63%)
Vesiculation [1] [1] [1]
Vitiligo [2] [1] [4]
Xerosis [1] [1] [1]

HAIR
Alopecia [5] [10] [1] [2] [5] [2] [6] [28] [3] [1] [6] ü
(54%) (20%) (10%)
Alopecia areata [7] [6] [1] [1] [3]
Follicular mucinosis [1] [1]
(<10%)
Hirsutism [10] [2]
NAILS
Discoloration [1] [1]

Leukonychia (Mees’ [2] [1] [1]
lines)
Onychocryptosis [1] [1] [1] ?
Onycholysis [1] [1]
Onychomycosis [2] [1] [1] ?
(5%) (33%)
Pyogenic granuloma [1] [1]
MUCOSAL
Aphthous stomatitis • • [2] [2] [2] [1]

(9%)
Cheilitis [1] [1] [1]
(10%)
Gingival [160] [1] ?
hyperplasia/hypertrophy (86%)
Gingivitis • [1] • [1]
(7%)
Glossitis [1] • [1]
Mucocutaneous [1] [2] [1] [2] [2]
reactions (6%)
Mucosal ulceration [1] [1]
Oral candidiasis [1] [1] [1]
(11%)
Oral mucositis [1] [1] [8]
Oral ulceration [2] [2] [1] [11] [5] [3] ü
(61%)
Oropharyngeal pain [1] [1]
(9%)
Stomatitis [3] [1] (5–7%) [2] [19] [6] [2] [1] ü
(24%) (43%) (69%) (<10%)
Tonsillitis [1] [1]

CLASS REACTIONS DPP-4 INHIBITORS
DPP-4 INHIBITORS
Alog Lina Saxa Sita =
SKIN
Anaphylaxis [1] [1] ü

Angioedema [1] [1] [3] ü
Edema [1] [3] ü
Hypersensitivity [2] [1] [1] ü
Peripheral edema [1] [1] • ü
(10%)
Pruritus [2] [1] [1] ü

Rash [1] [1] [2] ü
Stevens-Johnson [1] [1] ü
syndrome
Alog Alogliptin; Lina Linagliptin; Saxa Saxagliptin; Sita Sitagliptin
EGFR INHIBITORS CLASS REACTIONS
EGFR INHIBITORS
C E G L Nec Nil P Sor Sun =
SKIN
Acneform eruption [66] [29] [34] [8] [1] [1] [18] [6] [1] üü
(97%) (73–80%) (66–85%) (90%) (23–43%) (<10%) (81%) (<10%) (<10%)
AGEP [2] [1] [2]
Anaphylaxis [5] [1] [1] [1] ?

(13%) (30%)
Angioedema [1] [1]

(7%)
Dermatitis [4] [4] (<10%) ?

(80%) (30%)
Desquamation [3] [1] [2] [3] [8] ü

(89%) (39%) (13%) (50%)
Eczema [1] [1] [1] (<10%) [2] [2] ü

Edema [1] [2] [3] [1] [3] [6] ü
(29%) (15%) (11%) (32%)
Erythema [3] (18%) [1] [2] [2] [5] [4] [6] ü

(14%) (<10%) (65%) (19%) (7%)

(17%)
Exanthems [5] [3] [3] [2] [2] [3] ü

(8%) (21%)
Exfoliative dermatitis [1] [2] [1] [2] [1] [1] ü

(14%) (25%) (<10%) (10%)
Facial edema [1] • [1] [3] ?

(24%)
Fissures [4] [1] [1] [5] ?

(14%) (22%) (21%)
Flushing [2] (<10%) (<10%)
Folliculitis [13] [9] [4] [2] [1] [3] [3] ü

(83%) (11%) (<10%)
Hand–foot syndrome [5] [3] [2] [20] [3] [126] [75] ü

(6%) (30–60%) (76%) (23%) (89%) (45–65%)
Hematoma [1] (<10%)
Hypersensitivity [9] [1] [2]
Jaundice [2] • [1] [1] ?

(35%)
Keratosis pilaris [1] [1] [2]
Necrosis [1] [1]
Nevi [1] [3] [2]
C Cetuximab; E Erlotinib; G Gefitinib; L Lapatinib; Nec Necitumumab; Nil Nilotinib; P Panitumumab; Sor Sorafenib; Sun Sunitinib
CLASS REACTIONS EGFR INHIBITORS
Papulopustular [7] [9] [3] [4] ü

eruption (83%) (29%) (21%) (21–41%)
Peripheral edema [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] ü

(40%) (22%) (44%) (12%) (17%)
Pigmentation [1] [2] [1] [2] [15] ü

(18%) (91%)
Pruritus [9] [9] [6] [6] [2] [16] [10] [10] [3] üü
(40%) (21%) (61%) (33%) (60%) (9–21%) (91%) (21%) (<10%)
Psoriasis [1] [2] [1] [3]
Purpura [3] [1]
Pustules [1] [1] [1]
Pyoderma [1] [8]

gangrenosum
Radiation recall [2] [1] [3] [1]

dermatitis
Rash [52] [116] [67] [52] [9] [18] [33] [54] [17] üü
(89%) (80%) (66–85%) (55%) (76–81%) (56%) (91%) (30–75%) (14–38%)
Rosacea [1] [2] [1]
Seborrheic dermatitis [1] [2] [1]
Squamous cell [1] [1] [8]

carcinoma
Stevens-Johnson [2] [1] [2] [1]

syndrome
Telangiectasia [1] [1] [1]

necrolysis
Toxicity [20] [10] [10] [14] [2] [8] [26] [19] [24] üü
(63%) (84%) (68%) (46%) (8%) (95%) (75%) (67%)
Ulcerations [1] [2] [1]
Urticaria [1] (<10%) •
Vasculitis [1] [1] [1]
Xerosis [15] [13] [13] [2] [2] [2] [12] [6] [3] üü
(49%) (56%) (53%) (29%) (67%) (13–17%) (62%) (14%) (17%)
HAIR
Alopecia (5%) [10] [6] [4] [5] [3] [28] [6] ü

(14%) (33%) (<10%) (54%) (67%) (5–12%)
Hair changes [3] [4] [2] [1] ?

(20%) (9%) (26%)
Hair pigmentation [2] [8] ?

(38%)
Hypertrichosis [3] [4] [2]
NAILS
Nail changes [1] [3] [1] [2] ?

(21%) (25%) (17%) (9–29%)
EGFR INHIBITORS CLASS REACTIONS

(10%) (<10%)
Paronychia [17] [14] [14] [8] [13] ü

(39%) (23%) (14–32%) (27%) (85%)
Pyogenic granuloma [1] [1] [2] [1]
Splinter hemorrhage [4] [2] ?

(70%)
Subungual hemorrhage [2] [4]
MUCOSAL
Aphthous stomatitis [1] [1] [1]
Cheilitis [2] [1]

(14%)
Epistaxis [1] [1] [2] [2]

(11%) (13%)
Glossodynia (<10%) [1]

(15%)
Mucosal inflammation [1] [2] (6%) [4] ?

(18%) (15%) (54%)
Mucositis [10] [10] [4] [4] [4] [13] [19] ü

(21%) (6–17%) (11–35%) (75%) (28%) (~60%)
Oral mucositis [2] [1] [1] ?

(82%) (33%) (6%) (20%)
Oral ulceration [1] [1] [1] [2] • [1] ü

(13%) (5%)
Oropharyngeal pain • [1]

(10%)
Stomatitis [4] [12] [8] [2] (11%) • [4] [13] [19] üü

(25%) (26%) (6–17%) (41%) (100%) (28%) (60%)
Xerostomia (11%) [1] [1] [2]

(11%) (<10%) (~60%)
CLASS REACTIONS FLUOROQUINOLONES
FLUOROQUINOLONES
B C L M N =
SKIN
AGEP [4] [1] [2] ü

Anaphylaxis [15] [6] [5] ü
Angioedema [8] [1]
Bullous dermatitis [1] [2] [1] ü

Candidiasis [2] • • ü
Diaphoresis [5] [1] • • ü
Edema • [1]
Erythema [2] [2]
Exanthems [4] [2] [2] ü

Flushing [1] [1]
Hypersensitivity [1] [5] [5] [6] ü

Peripheral edema [1] [1]
Photosensitivity [20] [3] [5] [1] ü

Phototoxicity [5] [5] [4] ü
Pigmentation [1] [1]
Pruritus [11] [3] [3] [1] ü

Purpura [4] [3]
Radiation recall [1] [2]

dermatitis
Rash [14] [2] [4] • ü

(<10%)
Stevens-Johnson [10] [3] [2] ü

syndrome (5%)
Sweet’s syndrome [1] [1]
Thrombocytopenic [1] [2]

purpura
Toxic epidermal [11] [6] [2] [2] ü

necrolysis (5%)
Toxicity [3] [1]
Urticaria [10] [1] [3] [1] ü

Vasculitis [11] [3]
Xerosis [1] [1] • ü
B Besifloxacin; C Ciprofloxacin; L Levofloxacin; M Moxifloxacin; N Norfloxacin
FLUOROQUINOLONES CLASS REACTIONS
B C L M N =
MUCOSAL
Stomatitis [4] [1]
Xerostomia [3] [1] [1] • ü
B Besifloxacin; C Ciprofloxacin; L Levofloxacin; M Moxifloxacin; N Norfloxacin
CLASS REACTIONS NON-STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY (NSAIDS)
NON-STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY (NSAIDS)

A C D E F Ib In Ktp Ktl Mx Np O P S =
SKIN
AGEP [2] [7] [1] [5] [1] [2] ?

(50%)
Anaphylaxis [16] [8] [16] [1] [5] • [4] [3] [1] [2] • • [4] ü
(<10%) (48%) (25%)
Angioedema [64] [9] [2] [1] [1] [8] [2] [1] [1] [3] [5] • [3] • üü
(22%)
Bullous dermatitis [8] [1] [2] [3] [2] [1] • [5] [1] ü
(29%)
Bullous pemphigoid [2] [1] [1] [2]
Churg-Strauss [2] [1]

syndrome
Dermatitis [2] [10] [1] [5] [5] [29] (3–9%) [5] [1] ü
Dermatitis [2] [2] [1] [1] [2]
herpetiformis
Dermatomyositis [2] [1]
Diaphoresis • • [1] • [1] [2] [3] • [1] ü

(<10%)
DRESS syndrome [2] [1] [1] [4] [4] [1]
Ecchymoses [1] • • [1] (3–9%) • • • ü

Eczema • (3–9%) [1] [1] [3] [1]
Edema [5] (3–9%) [1] [1] (<10%) [1] [1] • • ü

(6%) (3–9%) (6%) (<9%)
Embolia cutis [16] [2] [1] [1]

medicamentosa
(Nicolau syndrome)
Erythema [2] [4] [4] [1] [2] [1] [1] [1] ü

(14%) (21%)
Erythema multiforme [18] [3] [6] • • [11] [1] [1] [1] [2] [1] [12] [8] ü
(13%)
Erythema nodosum [18] • [1] [1] [1]

(<5%)
Exanthems [22] [7] [6] [2] [3] [9] [7] [3] [1] [1] [9] [1] [8] [9] üü
(18%) (49%) (<5%) (11%) (3–9%) (14%) (<5%)
Excoriations [1] [1]

(6%)
Exfoliative dermatitis [2] [1] [1] • [1] [1] • • • [1] • ü

Facial edema [1] [1] [2] • [1]
Fixed eruption [44] [2] [4] [2] [2] [15] [3] [1] [26] [15] [5] ü
(18%) (24%)
Flushing [2] • [1] • •
A Aspirin; C Celecoxib; D Diclofenac; E Etodolac; F Flurbiprofen; Ib Ibuprofen; In Indomethacin; Ktp Ketoprofen; Ktl Ketorolac; Mx Meloxicam;
Np Naproxen; O Oxaprozin; P Piroxicam; S Sulindac
NON-STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY (NSAIDS) CLASS REACTIONS
Hematoma [2] [2] [3]
Henoch–Schönlein [1] [1]

purpura
Herpes simplex [2] • [1]
Herpes zoster • [1]
Hot flashes [1] • • • • • [1] • • ü

Hypersensitivity [10] [8] [5] [4] [5] [1] [2] [2] [2] [1] • ü
(5%)
Jaundice [1] [1] • [1]
Lichen planus [1] [3] [1]
Linear IgA [6] [1] [1] [1] [3]
Lupus erythematosus [1] [5] [2] [1]
Pemphigus [2] [1] [1] [1] [3]
Peripheral edema [2] [2] [1] [1] [2] • [1] [1] [1] ü
(5%)
Petechiae • •
Photoallergic reaction [1] [1] [2]
Photosensitivity • [4] [1] • [6] [1] [36] • • [16] • [40] [2] ü

(11%)
Pruritus [12] [6] [6] [7] [1] [6] [3] [4] [1] [3] [5] (<10%) [6] [5] üü
(<10%) (<10%) (<5%) (<5%) (<10%) (<10%) (<10%) (17%) (<10%) (<10%)
Pseudolymphoma [2] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] ü

Psoriasis [6] [1] [2] [7] [1] [1]
Purpura [16] [1] [2] [1] [5] [1] [1] • [4] [2] [2] ü
(<10%)
Purpura fulminans [2] [1]
Pustules [1] [2]
Rash (<10%) [11] [4] [5] • [3] [1] [1] [1] [3] [2] [2] [1] • üü
(40%) (6%) (<10%) (3–9%)
SDRIFE [2] [1] [1]
Serum sickness • • [1]
Serum sickness-like [1] [1] [1] • •

reaction
Stevens-Johnson [12] [2] [7] • • [12] • • • [1] [1] [2] [2] [5] üü
syndrome (5%) (17%)
Toxic epidermal [18] [5] [5] • [1] [9] [6] [1] • [1] [5] [4] [12] [13] üü
necrolysis (5%) (6%)
Urticaria [144] [11] [7] • • [10] [7] [6] [1] [4] [6] • [7] [4] üü
(83%) (<5%)
CLASS REACTIONS NON-STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY (NSAIDS)
Vasculitis [4] [4] [3] [2] [1] [8] [5] [1] • [9] [3] • ü
Vesiculobullous [2] [1]
eruption
Wound complications [1] [1]
Xerosis • [3] [1] [1]
HAIR
Alopecia [2] [3] • • [2] • [1] • • [3] [3] • ü

NAILS
Nail changes • • [1]
Onycholysis [1] [1]
MUCOSAL
Aphthous stomatitis [6] [1] [1] [1] [4]
Epistaxis [4] • [1]
Glossitis • •
Oral lesions [1] [2] [1]

(7%)
Oral lichenoid [2] [1] [1] [1]

eruption
Oral mucosal [6] [2]

eruption
Oral mucosal fixed [1] [1]

eruption
Oral ulceration [8] [1] [1] [4] [1] [1]
Rectal hemorrhage • [1]
Rectal mucosal [2] [1]

ulceration
Stomatitis [4] • • (<10%) • • • [2] ü

(8%)
Tongue edema [1] [1] •
Ulcerative stomatitis [1] •
Xerostomia • [2] • • [1] [2] • [2] [1] [2] ü

(26%)
PROTON PUMP INHIBITOR (PPI) CLASS REACTIONS
PROTON PUMP INHIBITOR (PPI)

D E L O P R =
SKIN
Acneform eruption • • • ü
AGEP [1] [2]
Anaphylaxis [1] [6] [7] [7] ü

Angioedema • [5] • ü
Candidiasis • •
Dermatitis • [1] [1] • ü

Diaphoresis • [1] [1] [1] • ü
Ecchymoses • •
Eczema [1] [2] [1] ü

(9%)
Edema • [1] [2] • ü

(<10%)
Erythema [1]
Erythema multiforme [2] [1] • ü

Exanthems • [1] • ü
Exfoliative dermatitis [1] [1] [3] ü
Facial edema [2] [1] [1] • ü
Flushing • [1]
Fungal dermatitis • •
Herpes zoster • •
Hypersensitivity [3] [2] [2] [1] ü

Lichenoid eruption [1] [2] [1] ü
Lupus erythematosus [3] [3] [5] [3] ü
Peripheral edema • [2] [2] [2] • ü
Photosensitivity [1] [1] • ü
Pigmentation [1] •
Pruritus • [1] [8] [1] [2] ü

(3–10%) (<10%)
Pruritus ani et vulvae • [1]
Psoriasis [1] •
Rash [1] (3–10%) [6] [3] [3] ü

(9%)
Stevens-Johnson [1] • • ü
syndrome
D Dexlansoprazole; E Esomeprazole; L Lansoprazole; O Omeprazole; P Pantoprazole; R Rabeprazole
CLASS REACTIONS PROTON PUMP INHIBITOR (PPI)
D E L O P R =
Sweet’s syndrome [1] [1]
Toxic epidermal [4] [5] • ü

necrolysis
Urticaria [1] [3] [9] [2] • ü

(<10%)
Vasculitis [2] [1]
Xerosis [1] [2] • • ü

HAIR
Alopecia [1] [2] • • ü

MUCOSAL
Gingivitis • •
Glossitis [1] • • ü
Oral candidiasis • [3] • ü
Stomatitis [2] [1] • • ü
Tongue edema • [1]
Xerostomia • • [2] • • ü
(<10%)
D Dexlansoprazole; E Esomeprazole; L Lansoprazole; O Omeprazole; P Pantoprazole; R Rabeprazole
STATINS CLASS REACTIONS
STATINS
A F L Pi Pr R S =
SKIN
Acneform eruption • [1] ?

(36%)
Dermatomyositis [4] [1] [1] [2] [5] ü
Diaphoresis • [1]
Ecchymoses • •
Eczema • [2] [4]
(5%)
Edema • [1] • [1] ü
(6%)
Eosinophilic fasciitis [1] [2]
Exanthems [3] [1]
(5%)
Flushing [1] [1] [1] ?
(10%) (30%)
Herpes zoster [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] ü
Jaundice [2] [1]
Lichenoid eruption [1] [1] [1] [2] [1] ü
Lupus erythematosus [2] [2] [4] [1] [5] ü
Peripheral edema • [2] ?
(50%)
Petechiae • [1]
Photosensitivity • [1] [7]
Pruritus [1] [2] [2] • [3] ü

(5%)
Purpura [1] [1] [3]
Radiation recall dermatitis [1] [1]

Rash [2] • [3] [7] • [4] ü
(5%) (5–7%) (<10%)
Urticaria [1] [1]

Vasculitis [1] [2]
HAIR
Alopecia [1] •
MUCOSAL
Cheilitis • [1]
Stomatitis • [2] ?
(64%)
A Atorvastatin; F Fluvastatin; L Lovastatin; Pi Pitavastatin; Pr Pravastatin; R Rosuvastatin; S Simvastatin
CLASS REACTIONS TNF INHIBITORS
TNF INHIBITORS
A C E G I M =
SKIN
Abscess [1] [2] [4] ü

Acneform eruption [3] [1] [6] [3] ü
AGEP [1] [2]
Anaphylaxis [2] [2] [11] ü

Angioedema [4] • [1] [2] ü
(11%)
Basal cell carcinoma [1] [1] [1] ü

Candidiasis [1] [4]

(5%)
Carcinoma [2] [2] • ü

Cellulitis [2] [2] [5] ü
(<5%)
Dermatitis [1] • [3] [4] [1] ü

(3–15%)
Dermatomyositis [5] [4]
Eczema [2] [5] ?

(19–30%)
Erythema [1] [1]
Exanthems [2] [4]
Fixed eruption [1] [1] [1] ü

Folliculitis [1] [1] [2] [1] ü
Granulomas [1] [2] [1] ü

Granulomatous [5] [5] [1] ü
reaction
Henoch–Schönlein [2] [3] [1] ü

purpura
Herpes [1] [2] [1] ü

Herpes simplex [1] [1] [4] [3] ü
(10%) (15%)
Herpes zoster [10] [3] [6] [11] [7] ü

(14%)
Hidradenitis [2] [2] [1] ü

Hypersensitivity [3] • [1] [11] [1] ü
(11%)
A Adalimumab; C Certolizumab; E Etanercept; G Golimumab; I Infliximab; M Mycophenolate
TNF INHIBITORS CLASS REACTIONS
A C E G I M =
Kaposi’s sarcoma [1] [1] [1] ü

Leprosy [1] [2] [1] ü
Lesions [2] [1]
Leukocytoclastic [1] [1] [1] [2] ü

vasculitis
Lichenoid eruption [5] [3] [3] ü

Lupus erythematosus [16] [25] [3] [35] ü
(59%)
Lupus syndrome [3] [1] [4] [12] ü

Lymphadenopathy [1] [1]
Lymphoma [8] [3] [1] [9] ü

Lymphoproliferative [1] [1]
disease
Malignancies [6] [4] [5] [2] [1] ü

(9–15%)
Melanoma [6] [2] [1] [1] ü

Molluscum [1] [2]
contagiosum
Morphea [1] [1]
Necrotizing fasciitis [1] [1]
Neoplasms [2] [2] [2] [2] ü

Neutrophilic [1] [1]
dermatosis
Nevi [1] [2]
Non-Hodgkin’s [1] [1]

lymphoma
Peripheral edema (<5%) [1] [1] [1] ü

(29%)
Pityriasis lichenoides [1] [1] [2] ü

chronica
Pruritus [6] [1] [2] [8] [1] ü

(14%) (20%) (30%)
Pseudolymphoma [1] [1] [2] ü

Psoriasis [40] [6] [20] [2] [57] [1] üü
(19%)
Pustules [1] [2] [5] ü

Pyoderma [1] [1] [1] ü
gangrenosum
Rash [6] [2] [8] [3] [13] [2] üü

(12%) (5%) (15%) (25%) (8%)
Rosacea [1] [1] [1] ü

Sarcoidosis [9] [1] [10] [5] ü
A Adalimumab; C Certolizumab; E Etanercept; G Golimumab; I Infliximab; M Mycophenolate
CLASS REACTIONS TNF INHIBITORS
A C E G I M =
Serum sickness • [2]
Skin cancer [1] [1]
Squamous cell [5] [4] [1] [1] [1] ü

carcinoma

syndrome
Toxicity [1] [1] [1] [2] [1] ü

(75%)
Tumors [1] [1]
Urticaria [4] • [2] [6] [1] ü

(17%)
Vasculitis [9] • [23] [1] [18] ü

(13%) (25%) (63%)
Vitiligo [2] [4]
HAIR
Alopecia [5] [1] [5] [6] [4] ü

(20%)
Alopecia areata [7] [1] [1] [3] ü

Follicular mucinosis [1] [1]
MUCOSAL
Tonsillitis [1] [1]
A Adalimumab; C Certolizumab; E Etanercept; G Golimumab; I Infliximab
TYROSINE-KINASE INHIBITORS CLASS REACTIONS
TYROSINE-KINASE INHIBITORS
Aft Axt Cbo Crz Dsa Erl Gft Imt Lpt Lnv Nlo Nnt Srf Snt Vnd =
SKIN
Acneform eruption [27] [2] [29] [34] [3] [4] [1] [6] [1] [4] ü
(92%) (<10%) (73– (66– (90%) (<10%) (<10%) (<10%) (35%)
80%) 85%)
AGEP [2] [1] [7] [2]
Anaphylaxis [1] [1] ?

(30%)
Bullous dermatitis • [1] [1]

(7%)
Cyst [1] [1]
Dermatitis [1] [1] [4] (<10%) [1] ?

(21%) (<10%) (30%)
Desquamation [1] [2] [8] ?

(39%) (50%)

(6%)
Eczema (<10%) [1] [1] (<10%) [2]
Edema [13] [6] [1] [36] [1] [3] [3] [6] ü

(23– (38%) (80%) (29%) (11%) (32%)
55%)
Erythema [1] (11%) [2] (18%) [1] [5] [1] [2] [4] [6] ü
(<10%) (<10%) (19%) (7%)
Erythema [1] [2] [1] [11] [1]

multiforme (17%)
Erythema nodosum • [1]
Exanthems [3] [3] [9] [1] (21%) [2] [3] ü

(8%) (21%)
Exfoliative • [1] [1] [4] [1] [1] [1] [1] ü

dermatitis (14%) (<10%) (10%)
Facial edema [1] [3] • [1] [3] ?

(<10%) (24%)
Fissures [2] [1]

(12%)
Flushing [1] (<10%) [1] (<10%)

(<10%) (19%)
Folliculitis [1] [9] [4] [1] [1] [1] [3] [5] ü

(11%) (<10%) (49%)
Graft-versus-host [1] [1]

reaction
Hand–foot [2] [18] [20] [1] [3] [2] [3] [10] [3] [2] [126] [75] [4] ü
syndrome (10%) (64%) (50%) (30– (76%) (47%) (89%) (45– (36%)
60%) 65%)
Hematoma (<10%) [1]
Aft Afatinib; Axt Axitinib; Cbo Cabozantinib; Crz Crizotinib; Dsa Dasatinib; Erl Erlotinib; Gft Gefitinib; Imt Imatinib; Lpt Lapatinib; Lnv Lenvatinib;
Nlo Nilotinib; Nnt Nintedanib; Srf Sorafenib; Snt Sunitinib; Vnd Vandetanib
CLASS REACTIONS TYROSINE-KINASE INHIBITORS
Herpes (<10%) •
Hyperhidrosis [1] [1] (<10%) [1]

(<10%) (12%)
Hyperkeratosis (7%) (7%) [4]
Hypersensitivity • [2]
Hypomelanosis [5] [1]
Jaundice (25%) [1] • [1] [1] ?

(35%)
Keratosis pilaris [1] [1] [2]
Lesions [1] [2] ?

(38%)

vasculitis
Necrolysis [1] [1]
Necrosis [1] [1]
Nevi [1] [3] [2]

hyperkeratosis
Panniculitis [4] [3]
Papulopustular [9] [3] [1] ?

eruption (29%) (21%)
Peripheral edema [6] [3] [1] [5] [3] [1] [1] ?

(28%) (44%) (22%) (75%) (37%) (44%) (17%)
Photosensitivity [2] [1] [1] [3] [8] ?

(<10%) (23%)
Pigmentation [1] [1] [14] [1] [2] [15] [6] ?

(60%) (18%) (91%)
Pityriasis rubra [1] [1]

pilaris
Pruritus [3] [1] [4] [9] [6] [3] [3] [16] [1] [10] [3] [2] ü
(13%) (8%) (14%) (21%) (61%) (10%) (33%) (9– (19%) (21%) (<10%) (11%)
21%)
Psoriasis [3] [1] [1] [3]
Purpura [3] [1] [1]
Pyoderma [1] [1] [8]

gangrenosum
Radiation recall [1] [3] [1]

dermatitis
Rash [52] [3] [1] [4] [10] [116] [67] [26] [26] [1] [18] [4] [54] [17] [34] üü
(92%) (14%) (30%) (16%) (34%) (80%) (66– (69%) (55%) (23%) (56%) (41%) (30– (14– (67%)
85%) 75%) 38%)
Rosacea [2] [1] [1]
TYROSINE-KINASE INHIBITORS CLASS REACTIONS
Seborrheic [1] [2] [1]

dermatitis
Squamous cell [1] [2] [1] [8]

carcinoma
Stevens-Johnson [4] [15] [2] [1] [4]

syndrome
Telangiectasia [1] [1]

necrolysis
Toxicity [3] [3] [1] [8] [10] [10] [9] [7] [3] [8] [19] [24] [9] ü
(36%) (84%) (68%) (30– (46%) (75%) (67%) (48–
44%) 50%)
Ulcerations [1] [2] [1]
Urticaria [1] [1] [3] (<10%) •

(<10%)
Vasculitis [1] [1] [2] [1]
Wound [2] [1] [1]

complications
Xerosis [8] (10%) [1] [1] [13] [13] [2] [1] [1] [2] [6] [3] [3] ü
(36%) (23%) (<10%) (56%) (53%) (<10%) (29%) (20%) (13– (14%) (17%) (15%)
17%)
HAIR
Alopecia [1] [2] (16%) [1] [3] [10] [6] [2] [2] (12%) [5] [2] [28] [6] [1] üü
(7%) (6%) (7%) (<10%) (14%) (10– (33%) (<10%) (71%) (67%) (5–
15%) 12%)
Hair changes (34%) [4] [1] [2] ?

(20%) (26%)
Hair pigmentation [2] [2] [2] [8] ?

(34%) (38%)
Hypertrichosis [4] [2]
NAILS
Nail changes [2] [3] [1] ?

(16%) (25%) (17%)

(10%) (<10%)
Nail pigmentation [1] [2]
Paronychia [17] [14] [14] [4] [5] ?

(33– (23%) (14– (27%) (7%)
85%) 32%)
Pyogenic [1] [2]

granuloma
Splinter [4] [2] [2] ?

hemorrhage (70%)
CLASS REACTIONS TYROSINE-KINASE INHIBITORS
Subungual [2] [4]

hemorrhage
MUCOSAL
Aphthous • [1] [1] (41%) [1]

stomatitis
Cheilitis [1] [1] [1] [1]

(7%) (14%)
Epistaxis [3] [1] [1] [1] [2] [2] [2] ?

(17%) (8%) (24%) (11%) (13%)
Glossodynia [1] (25%) (<10%) [1] ?

(15%)
Mucocutaneous [1] [1] [1]

eruption
Mucosal [7] [2] [3] [1] [1] [1] [4] [1] ü

inflammation (69%) (15%) (35%) (18%) (15%) (50%) (54%) (27%)
Mucositis [10] [1] [1] [1] [10] [4] [2] [2] [13] [19] [2] ü
(50– (30%) (16%) (21%) (6– (15%) (11– (28%) (~60%) (14%)
90%) 17%) 35%)
Oral mucositis [1] [1] [1] ?

(33%) (20%)
Oral ulceration [1] [1] [3] [1] (41%) • [1] ?

(15%) (13%) (5%)
Oropharyngeal pain [1] (25%) [1] ?

(10%)
Rhinorrhea (11%) •
Stomatitis [21] [1] [1] [1] [1] [12] [8] [1] [3] • [1] [13] [19] [2] ü
(50– (15%) (51%) (11%) (26%) (6– (41%) (47%) (28%) (60%) (33%)
90%) 17%)
Xerostomia [1] [1] [1] (17%) [1] [1] [2] ?

(20%) (33%) (44%) (11%) (<10%) (~60%)
GENETIC TABLES
Table 1 – Reported genetic associations with cutaneous adverse drug reactions

Felix L. Chan1, Neil H. Shear2, Roni P. Dodiuk-Gad2,3,4
1
Mississauga Academy of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Mississauga, ON, Canada
2
Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto,
ON, Canada
3
The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion Institute of Technology, Israel
4
Department of Dermatology, Emek Medical Centre, Israel
Allele Reaction Ethnic Sensitivity Specificity PPV NPV Est. Ref.

population (%) (%)
ANTIBIOTICS / ANTI-INFLAMMATORY
Dapsone
HLA-B*13:01 DRESS Chinese 85.5-90 85.7-93.1 7.8 99.8 [1–4]
HLA-B*13:01 DRESS Thai [4,5]
HLA-B*13:01 SJS/TEN Thai [4,5]
ANTIBIOTICS, SULFONAMIDES
Sulfamethoxazole
HLA-A*29 SJS/TEN Caucasian/European [6]
HLA-A*30 FDE Turkish [7]
HLA-A*30-B*13- FDE Turkish [7]

C*06
HLA-B*12 SJS/TEN Caucasian/European [6]
HLA-DR*07 SJS/TEN Caucasian/European [6]
ANTICONVULSANTS
Carbamazepine
HLA-A*24:02 SJS/TEN Chinese (Han) [9]
HLA-A*31 DRESS Japanese [10]
HLA-A*31 EM Japanese [10]
HLA-A*31 MPE Japanese [10]
HLA-A*31 SJS/TEN Japanese [10]
HLA-A*31:01 DRESS Caucasian/European 70 96.1 0.89 99.98 [11,12]
HLA-A*31:01 DRESS Chinese (Han) 50 95.8 0.59 99.97 [12,13]
HLA-A*31:01 DRESS Japanese 60.7 87.5 A [14]
HLA-A*31:01 DRESS Korean [15]
HLA-A*31:01 MPE Caucasian/European [11]
HLA-A*31:01 MPE Chinese (Han) [13,16]
HLA-A*31:01 SJS/TEN Caucasian/European [11,17]
HLA-A*31:01 SJS/TEN Chinese (Han) [17]
HLA-A*31:01 SJS/TEN Japanese 60.7 87.5 A [14,17]
HLA-A*31:01 SJS/TEN Korean [17]
HLA-B*15:02 MPE Thai [18]
GENETIC TABLES

population (%) (%)
HLA-B*15:02 SJS/TEN Chinese [19]
HLA-B*15:02 SJS/TEN Chinese (Han) 72.2-100 86.3-95.8 3.4-9 92-100
[9,12,13,17,20
–28]
HLA-B*15:02 SJS/TEN Indian [29]
HLA-B*15:02 SJS/TEN Korean [22]
HLA-B*15:02 SJS/TEN Malaysian 96 88 1.8 100 B [17,19,22]
HLA-B*15:02 SJS/TEN Thai 88.1-100 75-88.1 1.92 99.96 [18,22,30–32]
HLA-B*15:11 SJS/TEN Chinese (Han) [9,33]
HLA-B*15:11 SJS/TEN Japanese [33]
HLA-B*15:11 SJS/TEN Thai [33]
HLA-B*15:11 SJS/TEN Vietnamese [33]
HLA-B*51:01 DRESS Chinese (Han) [13]
HLA-B*51:01 MPE Chinese (Han) [13]
HLA-B*58:01 DRESS Thai [18]
HLA-DRB1*14:05 MPE Chinese (Han) [34]
Lamotrigine
HLA-A*02:07 DRESS Thai [35]
HLA-A*02:07 MPE Thai [35]
HLA-A*02:07 SJS/TEN Thai [35]
HLA-A*24:02 / MPE Korean [36]

HLA-C*01:02
HLA-A*30:01 MPE Chinese (Han) [34]
HLA-A*31:01 DRESS Korean [37]
HLA-A*31:01 SJS/TEN Korean [37]
HLA-A*33:03 MPE Thai [35]
HLA-A*68:01 DRESS Caucasian/European [38]
HLA-A*68:01 SJS/TEN Caucasian/European [38]
HLA-B*15:02 DRESS Thai [35]
HLA-B*15:02 SJS/TEN Chinese (Han) 29.4 89.7 [21,25,39]
GENETIC TABLES

population (%) (%)
HLA-B*58:01 DRESS Caucasian/European [38]
HLA-B*58:01 SJS/TEN Caucasian/European [38]
HLA-C*07:18 DRESS Caucasian/European [38]
HLA-C*07:18 SJS/TEN Caucasian/European [38]
HLA-DQB1*06:09 DRESS Caucasian/European [38]
HLA-DQB1*06:09 SJS/TEN Caucasian/European [38]
HLA-DRB1*13:01 DRESS Caucasian/European [38]
HLA-DRB1*13:01 SJS/TEN Caucasian/European [38]
Oxcarbazepine
HLA-B*15:02 SJS/TEN Chinese (Han) [16]
Phenobarbital
CYP2C19*2 DRESS Thai [42]
CYP2C19*2 SJS/TEN Thai [42]
HLA-B*51:01 SJS/TEN Japanese [43]
Phenytoin
CYP2C9*3 DRESS Chinese (Han) [44]
CYP2C9*3 DRESS Japanese [44]
CYP2C9*3 DRESS Malaysian [44]
CYP2C9*3 SJS/TEN Chinese (Han) [44]
CYP2C9*3 SJS/TEN Japanese [44]
CYP2C9*3 SJS/TEN Malaysian [44]
CYP2C9*3 SJS/TEN Thai [45]
HLA-B*13:01 SJS/TEN Chinese (Han) [16]
HLA-B*15:02 SJS/TEN Chinese (Han) 36.6 87.2 [16,21,25]
HLA-B*15:02 SJS/TEN Malaysian [46]
HLA-B*15:13 DRESS Malaysian [46]
HLA-B*15:13 SJS/TEN Malaysian 53.8 90.6 [46]
HLA-C*08:01 SJS/TEN Chinese (Han) [16]
HLA-DRB1*16:02 SJS/TEN Chinese (Han) [16]
Zonisamide
HLA-A*02:07 SJS/TEN Japanese [43]
ANTIRETROVIRALS
Nevirapine
CYP2B6 T983C SJS/TEN African (Malawian, [47]

Ugandan)
GENETIC TABLES

population (%) (%)
CYP2B6 T983C SJS/TEN African [48]

(Mozambique)
HLA-C*04 DRESS Chinese (Han) [49]
HLA-C*04 SJS/TEN African (Malawian) 2.6 99.2 [50]
HLA-C*04:01 SJS/TEN African (Sub- 2.8 42.4 [51]

(rs5010528) Saharan)
HLA-C*08 DRESS Japanese [52]
HLA-C*08:02 / DRESS Caucasian/European [53]

HLA-B*14:02 (Sardinian)
HLA-DRB1*01:01 DRESS Caucasian/European [54]
ANTIRETROVIRALS, NUCLEOSIDE ANALOG REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITORS
Abacavir
HLA-B*57:01 HSS African/African 100 99 50 100 [55,56]

descent
HLA-B*57:01 HSS Caucasian/European 100 96 66 100 [55–59]
HLA-B*57:01 HSS Hispanic 26 99 96 60 [56]
CARBONIC ANHYDRASE INHIBITORS
Acetazolamide
HLA-B*59 SJS/TEN Korean [60]
Methazolamide
HLA-B*59 SJS/TEN Japanese [61]
HLA-B*59:01 SJS/TEN Chinese (Han) 87.5 63.3 [62]
HLA-C*01:02 SJS/TEN Chinese (Han) [62]
HLA-C*01:02 SJS/TEN Korean [63]
DISEASE-MODIFYING ANTIRHEUMATIC DRUGS (DMARDS)
Sulfasalazine
HLA-B*13:01 DRESS Chinese (Han) 66.7 86.7 [64]
NON-STEROIDAL INFLAMMATORY (NSAID)
Isoxicam, Piroxicam
HLA-A*02 SJS/TEN Caucasian/European [6]
Oxicams
XANTHINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS
Allopurinol
HLA-A*33:03 DRESS Korean 88 73.7 0.8 99.96 A [65]
HLA-A*33:03 SJS/TEN Korean 88 73.7 0.8 99.96 A [65]
HLA-B*58:01 DRESS Caucasian/European [66–68]
GENETIC TABLES

population (%) (%)
HLA-B*58:01 DRESS Caucasian/European [69]

(Portuguese)
HLA-B*58:01 DRESS Chinese (Han) 84-100 82-88.9 1.6-5 100 A [67,68,70–74]
HLA-B*58:01 DRESS Japanese [67,68]
HLA-B*58:01 DRESS Korean 92-100 89.5-90.7 2.06 99.98 A [65,67,68,75]
HLA-B*58:01 DRESS Thai [67,68]
HLA-B*58:01 MPE Chinese (Han) 100 88.89 A [67,68,71]
HLA-B*58:01 MPE European [67]
HLA-B*58:01 MPE Japanese [67]
HLA-B*58:01 MPE Korean [67]
HLA-B*58:01 SJS/TEN Asian, East [66]
HLA-B*58:01 SJS/TEN Asian, South [66]
HLA-B*58:01 SJS/TEN Caucasian/European 50-60 95 B [8,67,68,76,

77]

(Portuguese)

(Sardinian)
HLA-B*58:01 SJS/TEN Chinese (Han) 84-100 82-88.89 1.6-5 100 A [67,68,70–

74,76,77]
HLA-B*58:01 SJS/TEN Japanese 50-60 99 B [67,68,76,

77,79]
HLA-B*58:01 SJS/TEN Korean 92-100 89.5-90.7 2.06 99.98 A [65,67,68,

75,76]
HLA-B*58:01 SJS/TEN Thai 100 87 1.52 100 [67,68,76,80]
HLA-C*03:02 DRESS Korean 92 87.7 1.77 99.98 A [65]
HLA-C*03:02 SJS/TEN Korean 92 87.7 1.77 99.98 A [65]
rs2734583 DRESS Thai 90.6 86.0 A [81]
rs2734583 SJS/TEN Thai 90.6 86.0 A [81]
rs2734583 (BAT1); SJS/TEN Japanese [82]

rs3094011 (HCP5);
GA005234 (MICC)
rs3099844 DRESS Thai 90.6 85.0 A [81]
rs3099844 SJS/TEN Thai 90.6 85.0 A [81]
rs9263726 DRESS Thai 90.6 82.4 A [81]
rs9263726 SJS/TEN Thai 90.6 82.4 A [81]
rs9263726 SJS/TEN Japanese [82]

(PSORS1C1)
A – Sensitivities, specificities, PPVs, and NPVs include or are based on data from studies which analyzed multiple cutaneous
reactions (e.g. SJS/TEN, DRESS, MPE, EM, etc.) as a group. If data does not have a range, it is derived from a single study and
should be considered as an estimate.
GENETIC TABLES
B – Sensitivities, specificities, PPVs, and NPVs include or are based on on data from studies which analyzed multiple ethnicities
(e.g. Chinese (Han), Japanese, Korean, Thai, Caucasian/European, etc.) as a group. If data does not have a range, it is derived
from a single study and should be considered as an estimate.
DRESS, drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms; EM, erythema multiforme; FDE, fixed drug eruption; HSS,
hypersensitivity syndrome; MPE, maculopapular exanthema; NPV, negative predictive value; PPV, positive predictive value;
SJS/TEN, Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis
The category DRESS includes drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DIHS) and hypersensitivity syndrome (HSS), exclud-
ing abacavir HSS.
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63. Kim S-H, Kim M, Lee KW, Kim S-H, Kang H-R, Park H-W, et al. HLA-B*5901 is strongly associated with methazolamide-induced Stevens-
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64. Yang F, Gu B, Zhang L, Xuan J, Luo H, Zhou P, et al. HLA-B*13:01 is associated with salazosulfapyridine-induced drug rash with eosinophilia
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GENETIC TABLES
Table 2 – Recommendations from various sources regarding genetic screening to prevent cutaneous adverse
drug reactions
Felix L. Chan1, Neil H. Shear2, Roni P. Dodiuk-Gad2,3,4
1
Mississauga Academy of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Mississauga, ON, Canada
2
Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto,
ON, Canada
3
The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion Institute of Technology, Israel
4
Department of Dermatology, Emek Medical Centre, Israel
Allele Source Recommendations Ref.
ANTICONVULSANTS
Carbamazepine
HLA-A*31:01 Canadian Pharmacogenomics Network Genotype patients of all ancestries prior to prescribing carbamazepine. Use [1]
for Drug Safety (2014) alternative medications if HLA-A*31:01-positive, accounting for cross-
reactivities.
Clinical Pharmacogenetics Avoid use of carbamazepine in HLA-A*31:01-positive patients. [2]

Implementation Consortium (2018)
HLA-B*15:02 U.S. Food and Drug Administration Genotype patients of Asian descent prior to prescribing carbamazepine. [3,4]
(2007) HLA-B*15:02-positive patients should not be treated with carbamazepine or
anticonvulsants associated with SJS/TEN unless the expected benefit
outweighs risks.
Health Canada (2008) Consider genotyping genetically at-risk patients. [5]
Hong Kong (2008) Genotyping prior to prescribing carbamazepine was implemented as a [6,7]
system-wide mandatory policy in 2008. Carbamazepine is to be prescribed
only for HLA-B*15:02-negative patients.
UK Medicines and Healthcare Products Genotype patients of Han Chinese, Hong Kong Chinese, or Thai ethnic origin [8]
Regulatory Agency (2008) prior to prescribing carbamazepine. HLA-B*15:02-positive patients should
not be prescribed carbamazepine unless benefits clearly outweigh risks.
Taiwan National Health Insurance Since 2010, national health insurance covers expense of genotyping for HLA- [9]
(2010) B*15:02 in patients initiating carbamazepine.
Singapore Health Sciences Authority Genotyping prior to prescribing carbamazepine is considered the standard of [10,11]
(2013) care. Avoid use of carbamazepine in carriers of HLA-B*15:02. A 75% subsidy
for genotype testing is provided for low-income patients.
Clinical Pharmacogenetics Avoid using carbamazepine in HLA-B*15:02-positive patients. [2,12]

Implementation Consortium (2014,
2018)
Canadian Pharmacogenomics Network Genotype patients from ethnic populations where HLA-B*15:02 is prevalent [1]
for Drug Safety (2014) (e.g. Chinese, Thai, Indian, Malay, Filipino, Indonesian) prior to prescribing
carbamazepine. Use alternative medications if HLA-B*15:02 positive,
accounting for cross-reactivities.
Thailand (2014) Since 2014, genotyping for HLA-B*15:02 covered under national universal [13]
healthcare system.
Oxcarbazepine
HLA-B*15:02 Clinical Pharmacogenetics Avoid use of oxcarbazepine in HLA-B*15:02-positive patients. [2]

Implementation Consortium (2018)
Phenytoin
CYP2C9*3 Clinical Pharmacogenetics Consider dose reduction and adjustment of maintenance doses of phenytoin [14]
Implementation Consortium (2014) according to therapeutic drug monitoring for CY2C9*2 and CYP2C9*3-
positive patients.
HLA-B*15:02 Singapore Health Sciences Authority Avoid prescribing if patient is HLA-B*15:02-positive. [10]
(2013)
GENETIC TABLES
Allele Source Recommendations Ref.
ANTIRETROVIRALS, NUCLEOSIDE ANALOG REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITORS
Abacavir
HLA-B*57:01 U.S. Food and Drug Administration All patients should be screened for HLA-B*57:01 prior to initiating abacavir. [15]
(2008) Avoid use of abacavir in HLA-B*57:01-positive patients.
European Medicines Agency (2009) Genotype patients irrespective of ethnic origin prior to initiating abacavir. [16]
Avoid use of abacavir in HLA-B*57:01-positive patients.
Clinical Pharmacogenetics Genotype all abacavir-naive patients before initiating abacavir. Avoid use of [17]
Implementation Consortium (2012) abacavir if patient is HLA-B*57:01-positive or has signs/symptoms of
hypersensitivity.
XANTHINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS
Allopurinol
HLA-B*58:01 Clinical Pharmacogenetics Avoid prescribing allopurinol to HLA-B*58:01-positive patients. [18,19]

Implementation Consortium (2012,
2016)
2012 American College of Consider genotyping subpopulations at higher risk for severe AHS (e.g. [20]
Rheumatology Guidelines for Koreans with stage 3 or worse CKD, and all Han Chinese and Thai patients)
Management of Gout (2012) prior to prescribing allopurinol.
Taiwan Department of Health (2012) Genotype for HLA-B*58:01 prior to use of allopurinol. [19]
Singapore Health Sciences Authority Consider genotyping patients with pre-existing risk factors for allopurinol- [21]
(2016) induced SCAR such as renal impairment.
Hong Kong Department of Health Consider genotyping patients with pre-existing risk factors for allopurinol- [22]
Drug Office (2016) induced SCAR such as renal impairment.
References
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recommendations. Pharmacogenomics England; 2008 Oct;9(10):1543–6.
5. Health Canada. Health Canada Endorsed Important Safety Information on TEGRETOL (carbamazepine) [Internet]. Recalls Saf. Alerts 2008
[cited 2018 Jan 1]. Available from: http://www.healthycanadians.gc.ca/recall-alert-rappel-avis/hc-sc/2008/14522a-eng.php
6. The Chinese University of Hong Kong. Re: Genetic testing prior to prescription of carbamazepine [Internet]. 2008. Available from:
www.cuhk.edu.hk/med/paf/ups/HLA-B-1502.pdf%0A
7. Chen Z, Liew D. Effects of a HLA-B * 15 : 02 screening policy on antiepileptic drug use and severe skin reactions. Neurology 2014;83:1–8.
8. UK MHRA. Carbamazepine: genetic testing recommended in some Asian populations. Drug Saf. Updat. 2008;1(9):2–4.
9. Phillips EJ, Chung W, Mockenhaupt M, Roujeau J, Mallal SA, Bs MB. NIH Public Access. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 2011;127:60–6.
10. Singapore HSA. HLA-B*1502 genotype testing: Towards safer use of carbamazepine [Internet]. 2016. Available from:
http://www.hsa.gov.sg/content/hsa/en/Health_Products_Regulation/Safety_Information_and_Product_Recalls/Product_Safety_Alerts/201
3/hla-b_1502_genotype.html
11. Sung C. Genetically-mediated Serious Skin Rash: Singapore Health Sciences Authority Experience. Res. Dir. Genet. Stevens-Johnson Syndr.
Epidermal Necrolysis [Internet] Bethesda, MD: NIH National Human Genome Research Institute; 2015. p. 1–20. Available from:
https://www.genome.gov/27560487/research-directions-in-geneticallymediated-stevensjohnson-syndrometoxic-epidermal-necrolysis/
12. Leckband SG, Kelsoe JR, Dunnenberger HM, Jr ALG, Tran E, Berger R, et al. Guideline Summary: Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation
Consortium guidelines for HLA-B genotype and abacavir dosing. [Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium].
info@guideline.gov (NGC) [Internet] 2013;(February):1–5. Available from: http://guideline.gov/content.aspx?f=rss&id=39535
13. Chantratita W. Implementing Genomics in Clinical Practice/Healthcare: Thailand. Res. Dir. Genet. Stevens-Johnson Syndr. Epidermal Necrolysis
[Internet] Bethesda, MD: NIH National Human Genome Research Institute; 2015. p. 1–47. Available from: https://www.genome.gov/
27560487/research-directions-in-geneticallymediated-stevensjohnson-syndrometoxic-epidermal-necrolysis/
14. Caudle KE, Rettie AE, Smith LH, Mintzer S, Lee MTM, Klein TE. Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) Guidelines
for CYP2C9 and HLA-B Genotype and Phenytoin Dosing. 2014;96(5):1–28.
15. U.S. FDA. Labels for NDA 020977 (Ziagen) [Internet]. 2018. p. 1–32. Available from: https://www.fda.gov/Drugs/ScienceResearch/
ucm572698.htm
16. European Medicines Agency. EPAR summary for the public: Ziagen (Abacavir) [Internet]. 2016 [cited 2018 Jan 1]. p. 1–3. Available from:
http://www.ema.europa.eu/ema/index.jsp%3Fcurl%3Dpages/medicines/human/medicines/000252/human_med_001179.jsp%26mid%3
DWC0b01ac058001d124
GENETIC TABLES
17. Martin MA, Klein TE, Dong BJ, Pirmohamed M, Haas DW, Kroetz DL. Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium Guidelines
for HLA-B Genotype and Abacavir Dosing. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 2012. p. 734–8.
18. Saito Y, Stamp LK, Caudle KE, Hershfield MS, McDonagh EM, Callaghan JT, et al. CPIC: Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation
Consortium of the Pharmacogenomics Research Network. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 2016;99(1):36–7.
19. Hershfield MS, Callaghan JT, Tassaneeyakul W, Mushiroda T, Thorn CF, Klein TE, et al. Clinical pharmacogenetics implementation
consortium guidelines for human leukocyte antigen-b genotype and allopurinol dosing. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 2013;93(2):153–8.
20. Khanna D, Fitzgerald JD, Khanna PP, Bae S, Singh MK, Neogi T, et al. 2012 American college of rheumatology guidelines for management of
gout. part 1: Systematic nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic therapeutic approaches to hyperuricemia. Arthritis Care Res.
2012;64(10):1431–46.
21. Singapore HSA. Allopurinol-induced serious cutaneous adverse reactions and the role of genotyping [Internet]. 2016. Available from:
http://www.hsa.gov.sg/content/hsa/en/Health_Products_Regulation/Safety_Information_and_Product_Recalls/Product_Safety_Alerts/201
6/allopurinol-inducedseriouscutaneousadversereactionsandtheroleofg.html
22. Hong Kong Department of Health. Singapore: Allopurinol-induced serious cutaneous adverse reactions and the role of genotyping
[Internet]. Saf. Alerts Prod. Recalls 2016 [cited 2018 Jan 1]. Available from: https://www.drugoffice.gov.hk/eps/news/showNews/newsTitle/
pharmaceutical_trade/2016-09-22/en/26856.html
CONCORDANCE OF SYNONYMS AND TRADE NAMES WITH GENERIC
DRUG NAMES
Synonym/Trade name Generic Synonym/Trade name Generic

13-cis-retinoic acid isotretinoin Aciphex rabeprazole
3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine MDMA Aclasta zoledronate
3TC lamivudine Aclinda clindamycin
4-aminopyridine dalfampridine Acnamino minocycline
4-demethoxydaunorubicin idarubicin Acnavit tretinoin
4-DMDR idarubicin Acon vitamin A
5-aminosalicylic acid mesalamine Act-3 ibuprofen
5-ASA mesalamine ACT dactinomycin
5-aza-2’-deoxycytidine decitabine Acta tretinoin
5-fluorouracil fluorouracil Actacode codeine
6-mercaptopurine mercaptopurine Actemra tocilizumab
6-MP mercaptopurine ActHIB Hemophilus B vaccine
Actigall ursodiol
A Actilyse
Actimmune
alteplase
interferon gamma
A-Acido tretinoin
actinomycin-D dactinomycin
A-Gram amoxicillin
Actiprofen ibuprofen
Abaprim trimethoprim
Actiq fentanyl
Abbocillin penicillin V
Activacin alteplase
Abelcet amphotericin B
Activase alteplase
Aberal tretinoin
Actonel risedronate
Aberela tretinoin
Actos pioglitazone
Abetol labetalol
Acuitel quinapril
Abilify aripiprazole
Acular ketorolac
Abilitat aripiprazole Acupril quinapril
Abraxane paclitaxel ACV acyclovir
Abrifam rifampin Acyclo-V acyclovir
Abstral fentanyl acycloguanosine acyclovir
Ac-De dactinomycin Acyvir acyclovir
Acaren vitamin A Aczone dapsone
Accolate zafirlukast Adalat nifedipine
AccuNeb albuterol Adalate nifedipine
Accupril quinapril Adant hyaluronic acid
Accuprin quinapril Adapin doxepin
Accupro quinapril Adaquin quinine
Accuretic hydrochlorothiazide, quinapril Adasuve loxapine
Accutane isotretinoin Adcetris brentuximab vedotin
Acenor-M fosinopril Adcirca tadalafil
Acenorm captopril Adderall dextroamphetamine
Aceon perindopril Addyi flibanserin
Acepril captopril Adempas riociguat
Acerbon lisinopril Adenic adenosine
Acertil perindopril Adeno-Jec adenosine
Acetazolam acetazolamide Adenocard adenosine
acetylsalicylic acid aspirin Adenocur adenosine
Acfol folic acid Adenoject adenosine
aciclovir acyclovir Adenoscan adenosine
Acid A Vit tretinoin Adiblastine doxorubicin
Acidulated phosphate fluoride fluorides Adipex-P phentermine
Acifur acyclovir Adipine nifedipine
Acimox amoxicillin Adlyxin lixisenatide
CONCORDANCE Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual
Adocor captopril Aleve naproxen

Adofen fluoxetine Alexan cytarabine
Adoxa doxycycline Alfadil doxazosin
Adrecar adenosine Alfatil cefaclor
Adrenaclick epinephrine Alferon N interferon alfa
Adrenalin epinephrine Alfotax cefotaxime
adrenaline epinephrine Algocetil sulindac
Adriablastine doxorubicin Alimta pemetrexed
Adriacin doxorubicin Alinia nitazoxanide
Adriamycin doxorubicin Aliqopa copanlisib
Adriblatina doxorubicin Alka-Seltzer aspirin
Adsorbocarbine pilocarpine Alkeran melphalan
Adumbran oxazepam all-trans-retinoic acid tretinoin
Adursall ursodiol Allegra-D pseudoephedrine
Advantan methylprednisolone Allegra fexofenadine
Advicor lovastatin, niacin Allegron nortriptyline
Advil ibuprofen Aller-Chlor chlorpheniramine
Aerolate aminophylline Allerdryl diphenhydramine
Aerovent aldesleukin Allerglobuline immune globulin IV
Afaxin vitamin A Allermax diphenhydramine
Afinitor everolimus Allermin diphenhydramine
Aflodac sulindac Alli orlistat
Aflorix miconazole Allo 300 allopurinol
Afluria influenza vaccine Allo-Puren allopurinol
Afstyla antihemophilic factor Alloprin allopurinol
Aggrenox aspirin, dipyridamole Allvoran diclofenac
Agilect rasagiline Almarytm flecainide
Agisolvan acetylcysteine Almatol spironolactone
Agrippal influenza vaccine Almodan amoxicillin
AH3 N hydroxyzine Almogran almotriptan
Airol tretinoin Aloid miconazole
AK-Chlor chloramphenicol Alopexy minoxidil
Ak-Zol acetazolamide Alora estradiol
Akarpine pilocarpine Aloxi palonosetron
Akatinol memantine alpha tocopherol vitamin E
Aknemin minocycline Alphagan P brimonidine
Aknemycin Plus tretinoin Alphapress hydralazine
AKTob Ophthalmic tobramycin Alprim trimethoprim
Akynzeo netupitant & palonosetron Alprox alprazolam
AL-R chlorpheniramine Alquingel tretinoin
Alapril lisinopril Alrheumat ketoprofen
Alavert loratadine Alrheumun ketoprofen
Albenza albendazole Alsuma sumatriptan
Albiotic lincomycin Altace ramipril
Alcloxidine chlorhexidine Alten tretinoin
Alcomicinx gentamicin Alti-Diltiazem diltiazem
Aldactazide hydrochlorothiazide, spironolactone Alti-Doxepin doxepin
Aldactone spironolactone Alti-Ipratropium ipratropium
Aldara imiquimod Alti-Minocycline minocycline
Aldoclor methyldopa Alti-MPA medroxyprogesterone
Aldocumar warfarin Alti-Trazodone trazodone
Aldomet methyldopa Altocor lovastatin
Aldopur spironolactone Altoprev lovastatin
Aldoril hydrochlorothiazide, methyldopa Alunbrig brigatinib
Alecensa alectinib Aluvira lopinavir
Alendronic acid alendronate Alveolex acetylcysteine
Alepsal phenobarbital Amaryl glimepiride
Alercet cetirizine Ambi hydroquinone
Alerid cetirizine Ambien zolpidem
Alertec modafinil AmBisome amphotericin B
Alesse oral contraceptives Amdepin amlodipine
Litt’s Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual CONCORDANCE
Ameluz aminolevulinic acid Angiomax bivalirudin

amethopterin methotrexate Angioverin papaverine
Ametycine mitomycin Anitrim co-trimoxazole
Amfipen ampicillin Annovera segesterone acetate
Amias candesartan Ansaid flurbiprofen
Amicacina amikacin Ansail buspirone
Amicasil amikacin Antabus disulfiram
Amikacin sulfate amikacin Antabuse disulfiram
Amikal amiloride Antagonil nicardipine
Amikan amikacin Antaxone naltrexone
Amineurin amitriptyline antegren natalizumab
Aminophyllin aminophylline Anten doxepin
Amipress labetalol Antepsin sucralfate
Amisalen procainamide Antiflog piroxicam
Amitiza lubiprostone Antilak etodolac
Amjevita adalimumab Antilirium physostigmine
Amlodin amlodipine Antipressan atenolol
Amlogard amlodipine Antra omeprazole
Amlopin amlodipine Antrex leucovorin
Amlor amlodipine Apacef cefotetan
Amnesteem isotretinoin APAP acetaminophen
Amodex amoxicillin Apatef cefotetan
Amodopa methyldopa Apdormin hydralazine
Amoxan amoxapine Apekumarol dicumarol
Amoxapine amoxapine Aphtiria lindane
Amoxil amoxicillin Apidra insulin glulisine
amoxycillin amoxicillin APO-Alpraz alprazolam
Amphocin amphotericin B Apo-Amoxi amoxicillin
Amphotec amphotericin B Apo-Atenol atenolol
Ampicin ampicillin Apo-Bisoprolol bisoprolol
Amprace enalapril Apo-Bromocriptine bromocriptine
Ampyra dalfampridine Apo-Buspirone buspirone
Amrix cyclobenzaprine APO-Capto captopril
Amterene triamterene Apo-Carbamazepine carbamazepine
Amuno indomethacin Apo-Cefaclor cefaclor
Amycil mebendazole Apo-Cephalex cephalexin
Anacin-3 acetaminophen Apo-Cimetidine cimetidine
Anacin aspirin Apo-Clomipramine clomipramine
Anacobin cyanocobalamin Apo-Diclo diclofenac
Anafranil Retard clomipramine Apo-Doxy doxycycline
Anafranil clomipramine Apo-Enalapril enalapril
Anamantle HC lidocaine Apo-Ethambutol ethambutol
Anamorph morphine Apo-Famotidine famotidine
Anaprox naproxen Apo-Fenofibrate fenofibrate
Anaspaz hyoscyamine Apo-Fluoxetine fluoxetine
Anatensol fluphenazine Apo-Fluphenazine fluphenazine
Anaxanil hydroxyzine Apo-Flurbiprofen flurbiprofen
Anco ibuprofen Apo-Fluvoxamine fluvoxamine
Andro LA testosterone Apo-Folic folic acid
Androcur cyproterone Apo-Furosemide furosemide
Androderm testosterone Apo-Gain minoxidil
AndroGel testosterone Apo-Hydro hydrochlorothiazide
Android methyltestosterone Apo-Imipramine imipramine
Andronaq testosterone Apo-Indomethacin indomethacin
Androral methyltestosterone Apo-ISDN isosorbide dinitrate
Andrumin dimenhydrinate Apo-Lorazepam lorazepam
Anectine succinylcholine Apo-Lovastatin lovastatin
Aneol ketoprofen Apo-Metformin metformin
Anergan promethazine Apo-Metronidazole metronidazole
Anestacon lidocaine Apo-Minocycline minocycline
Angilol propranolol Apo-Nadolol nadolol
Apo-Nicotinamide niacin Arthaxan nabumetone

Apo-Nifed nifedipine Arthro-Aid glucosamine
Apo-Nortriptyline nortriptyline Arthrocine sulindac
Apo-Oxazepam oxazepam Arthrotec diclofenac, misoprostol
Apo-Pen penicillin V Artifar carisoprodol
Apo-Pentoxifylline pentoxifylline ARTZ hyaluronic acid
Apo-Perphenazine perphenazine Arythmol propafenone
Apo-Piroxicam piroxicam Arzerra ofatumumab
Apo-Propranolol propranolol ASA aspirin
Apo-Ranitidine ranitidine Asacol mesalamine
Apo-Selegiline selegiline Asacolitin mesalamine
Apo-Sulfatrim co-trimoxazole Asclera polidocanol
APO-Sulin sulindac Ascriptin aspirin
Apo-Tamox tamoxifen Asendis amoxapine
Apo-Temazepam temazepam Aside etoposide
Apo-Tetra tetracycline Asig quinapril
Apo-Trimip trimipramine Asmaven albuterol
APO-Verap verapamil Aspergum aspirin
Apocard flecainide Aspro aspirin
Aponal doxepin ASS aspirin
Apranax naproxen Assival diazepam
Apresazide hydralazine AsthmaHaler epinephrine
Apresolin hydralazine Astramorph morphine
Apresoline hydralazine Atabrine quinacrine
Aprical nifedipine Atacand HCT hydrochlorothiazide
Aprovel irbesartan Atacand candesartan
Apsifen ibuprofen Ataline terbutaline
Apsolol propranolol Atarax hydroxyzine
Aptiom eslicarbazepine AteHexal atenolol
Aptivus tipranavir Atelvia risedronate
Aquachloral chloral hydrate Atem aldesleukin
Aquamid hyaluronic acid Atendol atenolol
Aquamycetin chloramphenicol Atisuril allopurinol, salsalate
Aquarius ketoconazole Ativan lorazepam
Aquasol A vitamin A Atosil promethazine
Aquasol E vitamin E ATP adenosine
ara-C cytarabine ATRA tretinoin
Arabitin cytarabine Atragen tretinoin
Arace cytarabine Atrenta artesunate
Aracytine cytarabine Atreol carbamazepine
Aragest 5 medroxyprogesterone Atridox doxycycline
Aralen chloroquine Atripla efavirenz, emtricitabine, tenofovir disoproxil
Aranesp darbepoetin alfa Atronase aldesleukin
Aratac amiodarone Atropine Martinet atropine sulfate
Arcapta Neohaler indacaterol Atropt atropine sulfate
Aredia pamidronate Atrovent ipratropium
Arestin minocycline Atruline sertraline
Argesic-SA salsalate Aubagio teriflunomide
Aricept Evess donepezil Audazol omeprazole
Aricept donepezil Augmentin amoxicillin
Arimidex anastrozole Austedo deutetrabenazine
Aristada aripiprazole Autologen collagen (bovine)
Arixtra fondaparinux Auvi-Q epinephrine
Aromasin exemestane Avage tazarotene
Arovit vitamin A Avalide hydrochlorothiazide, irbesartan
Arpamyl LP verapamil Avandamet metformin, rosiglitazone
Arsacol ursodiol Avandaryl glimepiride, rosiglitazone
Artal pentoxifylline Avandia rosiglitazone
Artamin penicillamine Avapro irbesartan
Artecoll collagen (bovine) Avastin bevacizumab
Artha-G salsalate Avaxim hepatitis A vaccine
Avelox moxifloxacin Baraclude entecavir

Aventyl nortriptyline Barazan norfloxacin
Aviane oral contraceptives Barbilixir phenobarbital
Avinza morphine Barbita phenobarbital
Avipur vitamin A Barbital phenobarbital
Avirax acyclovir Barclyd clonidine
Avita tretinoin Basaglar insulin glargine
Avitcid tretinoin Basoquin amodiaquine
Avitene collagen (bovine) Batrizol co-trimoxazole
Avitin vitamin A Bavencio avelumab
Avitoin tretinoin Baxan cefadroxil
Avloclor chloroquine Baxdela delafloxacin
Avlosulfon dapsone Baxo piroxicam
Avodart dutasteride Baygam immune globulin IV
Avonex interferon beta Baymycard nisoldipine
Avycaz ceftazidime & avibactam BB clindamycin
Axerol vitamin A Beatryl fentanyl
Axert almotriptan Becenun carmustine
Axoban ranitidine Beconase AQ beclomethasone
Aygestin progestins Begrivac influenza vaccine
Azamedac azathioprine Behapront phentermine
Azamune azathioprine Beleodaq belinostat
Azantac ranitidine Belladenal atropine sulfate
Azasan azathioprine Bellafill collagen (bovine)
AzaSite azithromycin Bellergal-S atropine sulfate
Azatrilem azathioprine Beloc-Zoc metoprolol
Azenil azithromycin Belsomra suvorexant
azidothymidine zidovudine Belviq lorcaserin
Azilect rasagiline Benadryl diphenhydramine, pseudoephedrine
Azitrocin azithromycin Benahist diphenhydramine
Azitromax azithromycin Benaxima cefotaxime
Azol danazol Benaxona ceftriaxone
Azopt brinzolamide Bencid probenecid
AZT zidovudine Benecid probenecid
Azucimet cimetidine Benhex Cream lindane
Azulfidine sulfasalazine Benicar olmesartan
Azupamil verapamil Benuryl probenecid
Azupentat pentoxifylline Benylin dextromethorphan, diphenhydramine
Azutranquil oxazepam Benzaclin clindamycin
Azzalure botulinum toxin (A & B) Benzamin cyclobenzaprine
Benzylpenicillin penicillin G
B Beriglobulin immune globulin IV
Bacille Calmette-Guerin BCG vaccine Berkatens verapamil
Baclofen baclofen Berlthyrox levothyroxine
Baclon baclofen Berubigen cyanocobalamin
Baclosal baclofen Bespar buspirone
Bacomine hydrocodone Beta-Adalat atenolol
Bactelan co-trimoxazole Beta-Cardone sotalol
Bactin trimethoprim Betades sotalol
Bactocill oxacillin Betaferon interferon beta
Bactocin ofloxacin Betaloc metoprolol
Bactoscrub chlorhexidine Betanis mirabegron
BactoShield chlorhexidine Betapace sotalol
Bactrim co-trimoxazole, sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim Betasept chlorhexidine
Baklofen baclofen Betaseron interferon beta
BAL5788 ceftobiprole Betazok metoprolol
Balcoran vancomycin Betolvex cyanocobalamin
Balminil dextromethorphan, pseudoephedrine Betoptic [Ophthalmic] betaxolol
Ban-Tuss HC hydrocodone Betoptic S betaxolol
Banophen diphenhydramine Betoptima betaxolol
Bantenol mebendazole Bevyxxa betrixaban
Bex aspirin BritLofex lofexidine

Bexsero meningococcal group B vaccine Briviact brivaracetam
BG-12 dimethyl fumarate Brocadopa levodopa
Bi-Profenid ketoprofen Bromed bromocriptine
Biaxin HP clarithromycin Bromfed pseudoephedrine
Biaxin clarithromycin Broncho-Spray albuterol
Bicide lindane Bronitin epinephrine
Biclin amikacin Bronkaid epinephrine
BiCNU carmustine Bronkodyl aminophylline
Bidocef cefadroxil Brothine terbutaline
Biklin amikacin Brovana arformoterol
Biliepar ursodiol Brufen ibuprofen
Bilim tamoxifen Bucaril terbutaline
Biltricide praziquantel Bufigen nalbuphine
Bimaran trazodone Busetal disulfiram
Binocrit epoetin alfa Busirone buspirone
Binosto alendronate BuSpar buspirone
Binotal ampicillin Bustab buspirone
Bio E vitamin E Butaline terbutaline
Bio-Well lindane Butibel atropine sulfate
Biocet cephalexin Bydureon exenatide
Biocoryl procainamide Byetta exenatide
Biofanal nystatin Bystolic nebivolol
Biosint cefotaxime Byvalson nebivolol, valsartan
BioThrax anthrax vaccine
Biozolene
Biron
fluconazole
buspirone
C
Caduet amlodipine, atorvastatin
Bismatrol bismuth Calamine zinc
Bismuth Iodoform Paraffin Paste (BIPP) bismuth Calan verapamil
Bismuth subcitrate bismuth Calcicard diltiazem
Bismuth subgallate bismuth calcidiol calcifediol
Bismuth sucralfate bismuth Calcidrine codeine
Bleminol allopurinol Calcilat nifedipine
Blenoxane bleomycin Calcilean heparin
bleo bleomycin Calcimar calcitonin
Bleocin bleomycin Calciparin heparin
Bleomycine bleomycin calcipotriene calcipotriol
Bleomycinum bleomycin Calm-X dimenhydrinate
Blephamide prednisolone Calquence acalabrutinib
Blincyto blinatumomab Caltine calcitonin
BLM bleomycin Calypsol ketamine
Blocan cimetidine Cambia diclofenac
Bobsule hydroxyzine Camochin amodiaquine
Bocouture botulinum toxin (A & B) Camoquin amodiaquine
Bolutol gemfibrozil Camoquinal amodiaquine
Bondronat ibandronate Campath alemtuzumab
Boniva ibandronate Camptosar irinotecan
Bonnox promethazine Canasa mesalamine
Bonzol danazol Cancidas caspofungin
Botox botulinum toxin (A & B) Candio-Hermal nystatin
Braftovi encorafenib cannabis marihuana
Brek loperamide Caplenal allopurinol
Brethine terbutaline Capoten captopril
Brevibloc esmolol Capozide captopril, hydrochlorothiazide
Brevicon oral contraceptives Caprelsa vandetanib
Bricanyl terbutaline Caprilon tranexamic acid
Bridion sugammadex Caprin aspirin, heparin
Brilinta ticagrelor Captolane captopril
Brisdelle paroxetine mesylate Captoril captopril
Bristopen oxacillin Carac fluorouracil
Britiazem diltiazem Carace lisinopril
Carafate sucralfate Celsentri maraviroc

Carbatrol carbamazepine Celupan naltrexone
Carbex selegiline Celvapan pandemic influenza vaccine (H1N1)
carbidopa levodopa Cemidon isoniazid
Carbolith lithium Centedrin methylphenidate
Carbometyx cabozantinib Cepan cefotetan
Carboplat carboplatin Cepazine cefuroxime
Carbosap anthrax vaccine Cephoral cefixime
Carbosin carboplatin Ceporex cephalexin
Carcinil leuprolide Ceporexine cephalexin
Cardem celiprolol Ceptaz ceftazidime
Cardene nicardipine Cerdelga eliglustat
Cardicor bisoprolol Cerepax temazepam
Cardigox digoxin Certican everolimus
Cardine quinidine Cerubidine daunorubicin
Cardiosteril dopamine Cervarix human papillomavirus vaccine (bivalent)
Cardizem diltiazem Cervidel dinoprostone
Cardol sotalol Cerviprime dinoprostone
Cardoxan doxazosin Cerviprost dinoprostone
Cardoxin dipyridamole Cesamet nabilone
Cardular doxazosin Cetrine cetirizine
Cardura doxazosin Cetrotide cetrorelix
Carisoma carisoprodol Cezin cetirizine
Carmubris carmustine Champix varenicline
Cartia-XT diltiazem Chantix varenicline
Casodex bicalutamide Chemet succimer
Cassadan alprazolam Cheracol-D dextromethorphan
Cataflam diclofenac Cheracol codeine
Catapres clonidine Chibro-Atropine atropine sulfate
Catapresan clonidine Chibroxin norfloxacin
Caved-S bismuth Chibroxine norfloxacin
Caverject alprostadil Chibroxol norfloxacin
CDDP cisplatin Chinine quinine
Cebenicol chloramphenicol Chitosamine glucosamine
Cebutid flurbiprofen Chlo-Amine chlorpheniramine
CEC 500 cefaclor Chlor-Pro chlorpheniramine
Ceclor cefaclor Chlor-Trimeton chlorpheniramine
Cedocard isosorbide dinitrate Chlor-Tripolon chlorpheniramine
Cedrox cefadroxil Chloractil chlorpromazine
Cefabiocin cefaclor Chloraldurat chloral hydrate
cefalexin cephalexin Chlorate chlorpheniramine
Cefamox cefadroxil Chlorazin chlorpromazine
Cefaxim cefotaxime Chlorhexamed chlorhexidine
Cefaxona ceftriaxone Chloroptic chloramphenicol
Cefaxone ceftriaxone chlorphenamine chlorpheniramine
Ceforal cephalexin Chlorpromanyl chlorpromazine
Cefotan cefotetan Chlorquin chloroquine
Cefotax cefotaxime Chol-Less cholestyramine
Cefspan cefixime Cholacid ursodiol
Ceftazim ceftazidime Cholbam cholic acid
Ceftenon cefotetan Choledyl aminophylline
Ceftin cefuroxime Cholestagel colesevelam
Cefuril cefuroxime Cholit-Ursan ursodiol
Celebrex celecoxib Cholofalk ursodiol
Celectol celiprolol Chronovera verapamil
Celexa citalopram Cialis tadalafil
Celipres celiprolol Cibacalcine calcitonin
Celipro celiprolol Cibace benazepril
CellCept mycophenolate Cibacen benazepril
Cellmusin estramustine Cibacene benazepril
Celol celiprolol Ciclosporin cyclosporine
Cidomycin gentamicin Clozaril clozapine

Ciflox ciprofloxacin club drug MDMA
Cillimicina lincomycin Coartem artemether/lumefantrine
Cillimycin lincomycin Cobex cyanocobalamin
Ciloxan Ophthalmic ciprofloxacin Cobutolin albuterol
Cimedine cimetidine Codamine hydrocodone
Cimehexal cimetidine Codicept codeine
Cimogal ciprofloxacin Codiforton codeine
Cimzia certolizumab Colazal balsalazide
Cin-Quin quinidine Colazide balsalazide
Cinqair reslizumab ColBenemid colchicine
Ciplox ciprofloxacin Colchiquim colchicine
Cipramil citalopram Colcrys colchicine
Cipro ciprofloxacin Cold-Eeze zinc
Ciprobay Uro ciprofloxacin Coledos ursodiol
Cipromycin ciprofloxacin Colestrol cholestyramine
Ciproxin ciprofloxacin Colgout colchicine
Cisplatyl cisplatin Colo-Fresh bismuth
Cisticid praziquantel Colo-Pleon sulfasalazine
Citanest prilocaine Combivent albuterol, ipratropium
Citax immune globulin IV Combivir lamivudine, zidovudine
Citosulfan busulfan Cometriq cabozantinib
Citrec leucovorin Compazine prochlorperazine
citrovorum factor leucovorin Complera emtricitabine, tenofovir disoproxil
Ciuk cimetidine Compoz diphenhydramine
Civeran loratadine Comtan entacapone
Clacine clarithromycin Comtess entacapone
Claforan cefotaxime Comvax Hemophilus B vaccine, hepatitis B vaccine,
Clamoxyl amoxicillin influenza vaccine
Claragine aspirin Concerta methylphenidate
Claratyne loratadine Concor bisoprolol
Claravis isotretinoin Consolan nabumetone
Clarinex desloratadine Consupren cyclosporine
Clarith clarithromycin Contalgin morphine
Claritin-D loratadine Contergan thalidomide
Claritin loratadine Contigen collagen (bovine)
Claritine loratadine Contramal tramadol
Clarus isotretinoin Contrave naltrexone
Classen mercaptopurine Convon terbutaline
Clasynar calcitonin Copaxone glatiramer
Claversal mesalamine Copegus ribavirin
Cleocin-T clindamycin copolymer-1 glatiramer
Cleocin clindamycin Coracten nifedipine
Cleridium dipyridamole Coradur isosorbide dinitrate
Clexane enoxaparin Corax chlordiazepoxide
Climara estradiol Corbionax amiodarone
Clindacin clindamycin Cordarex amiodarone
Clindagel clindamycin Cordarone X amiodarone
Clindets clindamycin Cordarone amiodarone
Clinofem medroxyprogesterone Cordes VAS tretinoin
Clinoril sulindac Cordiax celiprolol
Cloben cyclobenzaprine Cordilox verapamil
Clofen baclofen Coreg carvedilol
Clofranil clomipramine Corflene flecainide
Clonex clonazepam Corgard nadolol
Clont metronidazole Coric lisinopril
Clopress clomipramine Coricidin D aspirin
Closerin cycloserine Corifam rifampin
Closerina cycloserine Corlanor ivabradine
Closin promethazine Corogal nifedipine
Clothia hydrochlorothiazide Coronarine dipyridamole
Corophyllin aminophylline Cytosar cytarabine

Corotrend nifedipine Cytospaz hyoscyamine
Coroxin dipyridamole Cytotec misoprostol
Corsodyl chlorhexidine Cytoxan cyclophosphamide
Cortastat dexamethasone
Cortone
Cortosporin
cortisone
neomycin
D
D-Amp ampicillin
Corvert ibutilide D-Penamine penicillamine
Corzide nadolol D-Zol danazol
Cosentyx secukinumab D4T stavudine
Cosmegen Lyovac dactinomycin Dacatic dacarbazine
Cosmegen dactinomycin Dacogen decitabine
Cosopt dorzolamide Dagan nicardipine
Cotellic cobimetinib Daipres clonidine
Cotempla methylphenidate Daklinza daclatasvir
Cotrim co-trimoxazole Daktarin miconazole
Coumadin warfarin Dalacin C clindamycin
Coumadine warfarin Dalacin clindamycin
Covera-HS verapamil Dalacine clindamycin
Coversum perindopril Daliresp roflumilast
Coversyl perindopril Dalisol folic acid
Cozaar losartan Danocrine danazol
CPM cyclophosphamide Danol danazol
Cranoc fluvastatin Dantamacrin dantrolene
Crasnitin asparaginase Dantrium dantrolene
Cresemba isavuconazonium sulfate Dantrolen dantrolene
Crestor rosuvastatin Daonil glyburide
Crixivan indinavir Dapa-tabs indapamide
Cryocriptina bromocriptine Dapatum D25 fluphenazine
Cryodoxin sulfadoxine Dapotum D fluphenazine
Cryptaz nitazoxanide Dapson-Fatol dapsone
Crystamine cyanocobalamin Dapson dapsone
Crystapen penicillin G Daraprim pyrimethamine
Crysti-12 cyanocobalamin Darvocet-N acetaminophen
CsA cyclosporine Darvon Compound aspirin
CTX cyclophosphamide Darzalex daratumumab
Cubicin daptomycin daunomycin daunorubicin
Curantyl N dipyridamole DaunoXome daunorubicin
Curretab progestins Davedax reboxetine
Cuvitru immune globulin sc Davesol lindane
Cuvposa glycopyrrolate Davitamon E vitamin E
CyA cyclosporine Daxas roflumilast
Cyanoject cyanocobalamin Daypro oxaprozin
Cyben cyclobenzaprine Daytrana methylphenidate
Cycloblastin cyclophosphamide Dazamide acetazolamide
Cyclomen danazol DDAVP desmopressin
Cyclomycin cycloserine ddC zalcitabine
Cyclorine cycloserine De-Nol bismuth
Cyclostin cyclophosphamide Deca-Durabolin nandrolone
Cycosin cycloserine Decadron dexamethasone
Cyklokapron tranexamic acid Decentan perphenazine
Cymbalta duloxetine Deconsal pseudoephedrine
Cynomel liothyronine Decrelip gemfibrozil
Cyomin cyanocobalamin Dedralen doxazosin
Cyramza ramucirumab Defanyl amoxapine
Cystrin oxybutynin Defiltran acetazolamide
CYT cyclophosphamide Defirin desmopressin
Cytamen cyanocobalamin Defitelio defibrotide
Cytarbel cytarabine Deflam oxaprozin
Cytomel liothyronine Dehydrobenzperidol droperidol
Cytosar-U cytarabine Delatest testosterone
Delatestryl testosterone Dexilant dexlansoprazole

Delice lindane Dexo ursodiol
Delstrigo doravirine/lamiduvine/tenofovir disoproxil Dexone dexamethasone
Delsym dextromethorphan Dextrostat dextroamphetamine
Delta-Cortef prednisolone DHC-Continus dihydrocodeine
Delta-Lutin progestins Di-Hydran phenytoin
Deltasone prednisone Diabeta glyburide
Deltazen diltiazem Diabex metformin
Delursan ursodiol Diacomit stiripentol
Demadex torsemide Diaformin metformin
Demerol meperidine Dialar diazepam
Demolox amoxapine Diamox acetazolamide
Demulen oral contraceptives Diapax diazepam
Denan simvastatin Diar-Aid loperamide
Densul methyldopa Diarr-Eze loperamide
Dentipatch lidocaine Diarrol triamterene
Denzapine clozapine Diarstop-L loperamide
Depacon valproic acid Diastat diazepam
Depade naltrexone Diatracin vancomycin
Depakene valproic acid Diazemuls diazepam
Depakote valproic acid Diazid isoniazid
Depen penicillamine Dibloc carvedilol
Depo-Provera medroxyprogesterone Diblocin doxazosin
DepoCyt cytarabine Dibrondrin diphenhydramine
Deprax trazodone DIC dacarbazine
deprenyl selegiline Dichlotride hydrochlorothiazide
Derm A tretinoin Dicolmax diclofenac
DermaDeep hyaluronic acid Dicumarol dicumarol
DermaFlex lidocaine Dicumol dicumarol
Dermairol tretinoin dideoxycytidine zalcitabine
DermaLive hyaluronic acid Didronate etidronate
Dermalogen collagen (bovine) Didronel etidronate
Dermojuventus tretinoin Differin adapalene
Desconex loxapine Diflucan fluconazole
Descovy emtricitabine, tenofovir alafenamide Diformin metformin
Deseril methysergide Difosfen etidronate
Desernil methysergide Digacin digoxin
Deserril methysergide Digoxine digoxin
Deseryl methysergide Dilacor XR diltiazem
Desferal deferoxamine Dilanorm celiprolol
Desferin deferoxamine Dilantin phenytoin
Desirel trazodone Dilatrate-SR isosorbide dinitrate
Desmospray desmopressin Dilatrend carvedilol
Desocol ursodiol Dilaudid-HP hydromorphone
Desogen oral contraceptives Dilaudid hydromorphone
Desoxil ursodiol Dilocaine lidocaine
Desoxyn methamphetamine Dilrene diltiazem
Destolit ursodiol Diltahexal diltiazem
Desyrel trazodone Diltia-XT diltiazem
Detensol propranolol Dimetabs dimenhydrinate
Deticene dacarbazine dimethyl (E) butenedioate dimethyl fumarate
Detimedac dacarbazine Diminex phentermine
Detrol tolterodine Dimitone carvedilol
Detulin vitamin E Dimodan disopyramide
Deurcil ursodiol Dinol etidronate
Devrom bismuth Diocarpine pilocarpine
Dexacine neomycin Diochloram chloramphenicol
Dexambutol ethambutol Diogent gentamicin
Dexamphetamine dextroamphetamine Dionephrine phenylephrine
Dexamphetamini dextroamphetamine Diotame bismuth
Dexedrine dextroamphetamine Diovan HCT hydrochlorothiazide, valsartan
Diovan valsartan DPH phenytoin

Diphenylan phenytoin Dramamine dimenhydrinate
diphenylhydantoin phenytoin Dridase oxybutynin
Diphos etidronate Drogenil flutamide
Dipridacot dipyridamole Droleptan droperidol
Diprivan propofol Droperidol droperidol
Diram spironolactone Droxia hydroxyurea
Dirythmin SA disopyramide Droxine levothyroxine
Disalgesic salsalate Dryptal furosemide
Discoid furosemide Dryvax smallpox vaccine
Disonorm disopyramide DTIC-Dome dacarbazine
Disprin aspirin DTIC dacarbazine
Distaclor cefaclor Duboisine hyoscyamine
Distamine penicillamine Ducene diazepam
Distaval thalidomide Duexis famotidine
Distocide praziquantel Dulera formoterol
Ditropan oxybutynin Dumirox fluvoxamine
Diu-Melsin hydrochlorothiazide Dumyrox fluvoxamine
Diuchlor H hydrochlorothiazide Dunate artesunate
Diuramid acetazolamide Duoneb albuterol, ipratropium
Diuteren triamterene Duopa levodopa
divalproex valproic acid Dura-Vent phenylephrine
Divigel estradiol Duracef cefadroxil
Dixarit clonidine Duraclon clonidine
Dizac diazepam Duragesic fentanyl
DMSA succimer Duralith lithium
DNR daunorubicin Duralutin progestins
Dobetin cyanocobalamin Durametacin indomethacin
Doblexan piroxicam Duramorph morphine
Dolac ketorolac Duraperidol haloperidol
Dolantin meperidine Duraprox oxaprozin
Dolce vitamin A Durater famotidine
Dolestan diphenhydramine Duratest testosterone
Dolestine meperidine Duratuss hydrocodone
Dolophine methadone Durazepam oxazepam
Dolosal meperidine Durazolam lorazepam
Dom-Baclofen baclofen Durbis disopyramide
Dom-Fluoxetine fluoxetine Duricef cefadroxil
Domical amitriptyline Durlaza aspirin
Doneurin doxepin Duzallo allopurinol, lesinurad
Donnagel atropine sulfate Dyazide hydrochlorothiazide, triamterene
Donnamar hyoscyamine Dyloject diclofenac
Donnatal atropine sulfate Dymenalgit naproxen
Donnazyme atropine sulfate Dyna-Hex chlorhexidine
Dopaflex levodopa Dynacil fosinopril
Dopamet methyldopa Dynacin minocycline
Dopamin AWD dopamine Dynacirc SRO isradipine
Dopamin dopamine DynaCirc isradipine
Doparl levodopa Dynatra dopamine
Dopastat dopamine Dyrenium triamterene
Doptelet avatrombopag Dysman mefenamic acid
Dormicum midazolam Dyspamet cimetidine
Doryx doxycycline Dysport botulinum toxin (A & B)
Dostinex cabergoline Dytac triamterene
Dovonex calcipotriol
Doxil doxorubicin E
Doximed doxycycline E Perle vitamin E
Doxy-100 doxycycline E-Mycin erythromycin
Doxycin doxycycline E-Pam diazepam
Doxytec doxycycline E-Vitamin Succinate vitamin E
Dozic haloperidol E102 tartrazine
E MDMA Empirin aspirin

Ebixa memantine Empliciti elotuzumab
Ebufac ibuprofen Emquin chloroquine
Ecalta anidulafungin Emsam selegiline
Ecomucyl acetylcysteine Emselex darifenacin
Economycin tetracycline Emtriva emtricitabine
Ecotrin aspirin Enablex darifenacin
Ecridoxan etodolac Enaladil enalapril
ecstasy MDMA Enantone leuprolide
Ectaprim co-trimoxazole Enapren enalapril
Ectasule ephedrine Enarmon methyltestosterone
ED-SPAZ hyoscyamine Enbrel etanercept
Edenol furosemide Encore acetylcysteine
Edex alprostadil Endeavor zotarolimus
Edisylate prochlorperazine Endep amitriptyline
Edolan etodolac Endobulin immune globulin IV
Edronax reboxetine Endocodone oxycodone
EES erythromycin Endoxan cyclophosphamide
Efedron ephedrine Endoxana cyclophosphamide
Eferox levothyroxine Ener-B cyanocobalamin
Effexor XL venlafaxine Engerix B hepatitis B vaccine
Effexor venlafaxine Entex HC hydrocodone
Effient prasugrel Entex pseudoephedrine
Efracea doxycycline Entresto sacubitril/valsartan
Efudex fluorouracil Entumin clozapine
Efudix fluorouracil Entumine clozapine
Efurix fluorouracil Entyvio vedolizumab
Egacene Durettes hyoscyamine Envarsus XR tacrolimus
Egazil hyoscyamine Epanutin phenytoin
ELA-Max lidocaine Epaxal hepatitis A vaccine
Elavil amitriptyline Epclusa sofosbuvir & velpatasvir
Eldeprine selegiline Ephedsol ephedrine
Eldepryl selegiline Ephynal vitamin E
Elderin etodolac Epi E-Z Pen epinephrine
Eldopal levodopa Epi-Aberel tretinoin
Elentol lindane Epidiolex cannabidiol
Elepsia XR levetiracetam Epiduo adapalene
Elestrin estradiol Epifrin epinephrine
Elidel pimecrolimus Epimorph morphine
Eligard leuprolide Epipen epinephrine
Eliquis apixaban Epitol carbamazepine
Elisor pravastatin Epivir lamivudine
Elixophyllin aminophylline EPO epoetin alfa
Ellence epirubicin Epogen epoetin alfa
Elobact cefuroxime Epoxitin epoetin alfa
Eloctate antihemophilic factor Eppy epinephrine
Elorgan pentoxifylline Eppystabil epinephrine
Eloxatin oxaliplatin Eprex epoetin alfa
Elspar asparaginase Eprolin vitamin E
Eltor 120 pseudoephedrine Eptadone methadone
Eltroxin levothyroxine Epzicom abacavir, lamivudine
EMB ethambutol Equagesic aspirin
Embolin dicumarol Equibar methyldopa
Emcor bisoprolol Eramycin erythromycin
Emcyt estramustine Eraxis anidulafungin
Emend aprepitant Erbaprelina pyrimethamine
Emeset ondansetron Erbitux cetuximab
Emeside ethosuximide Ercar carboplatin
Emflaza deflazacort Ercoquin hydroxychloroquine
EMLA lidocaine Erelzi etanercept
Emorhalt tranexamic acid Ergomar ergotamine
Ergometrine ergometrine Exocine ofloxacin

Ergostat ergotamine Exodus nicotine
Erivedge vismodegib Exomuc acetylcysteine
Ery-Ped erythromycin Extavia interferon beta
Ery-Tab erythromycin Eylea aflibercept
Eryc erythromycin Ezetrol ezetimibe
Erypar erythromycin
Erypo
Erythrocin
epoetin alfa
erythromycin
F
Fabior tazarotene
erythropoiesis stimulating protein darbepoetin alfa Fabrol acetylcysteine
erythropoietin epoetin alfa Falciquin artesunate
Eryzole erythromycin Famodil famotidine
Esbriet pirfenidone Famoxal famotidine
Esclim estradiol Famvir famciclovir
eserine physostigmine Fanapt iloperidone
Esidrex hydrochlorothiazide Fansidar pyrimethamine, sulfadoxine
Eskalith lithium Fareston toremifene
Esmino chlorpromazine Farmablastina doxorubicin
Esperal disulfiram Farmagard nadolol
Estazor ursodiol Farxiga dapagliflozin
Esteprim co-trimoxazole Farydak panobinostat
Estrace estradiol Faverin fluvoxamine
Estraderm estradiol Favoxil fluvoxamine
Estratest methyltestosterone FazaClo clozapine
Estring estradiol FD&C yellow No.5 tartrazine
Estrogel estradiol Felden piroxicam
Estrostep oral contraceptives Feldene piroxicam
Etapiam ethambutol Femara letrozole
Ethinyl Estradiol segesterone acetate Fempatch estradiol
Ethymal ethosuximide Fenac diclofenac
Etibi ethambutol Fentanest fentanyl
Etopos etoposide Fentazin perphenazine
Etosid etoposide Fenytoin phenytoin
Etrafon perphenazine Feraheme ferumoxytol
Eucrisa crisaborole Ferndex dextroamphetamine
Eudigox digoxin Ferriprox deferiprone
Eudyna tretinoin Fetzima levomilnacipran
Euflex flutamide Fevarin fluvoxamine
Euflexxa hyaluronic acid Fexmid cyclobenzaprine
Euglucan glyburide Fibrel collagen (bovine)
Euglucon glyburide Fibrocit gemfibrozil
Euhypnos temazepam Fiorinal aspirin
Eulexin flutamide fisalamine mesalamine
Eulexine flutamide Fisamox amoxicillin
Eupen amoxicillin Fixime cefixime
Euphyllin aminophylline Flagyl metronidazole
Evamist estradiol Flanax naproxen
Evista raloxifene Flavoquin amodiaquine
Evitocor atenolol Flecaine flecainide
Evomela melphalan Flector Patch diclofenac
Evotaz atazanavir Flexeril cyclobenzaprine
Evoxac cevimeline Flexiban cyclobenzaprine
Evra oral contraceptives Flexitec cyclobenzaprine
Evzio naloxone Flexyx flucloxacillin
Exacyl tranexamic acid Flobasin ofloxacin
Exalgo hydromorphone Flodine folic acid
Excedrin acetaminophen, aspirin Flolan epoprostenol
Exelon rivastigmine Flomax tamsulosin
Exforge amlodipine, valsartan Flopen flucloxacillin
Exidine Scrub chlorhexidine Florazole metronidazole
Exjade deferasirox Florid miconazole
Florocycline tetracycline Fraurs ursodiol

Floxan ofloxacin Frenal pimozide
Floxapen flucloxacillin Froben flurbiprofen
Floxil ofloxacin Froxal cefuroxime
Floxin ofloxacin Frusid furosemide
Floxstat ofloxacin Fugerel flutamide
Fluad influenza vaccine Fulcin griseofulvin
Fluarix influenza vaccine Fulvicin griseofulvin
Flucazol fluconazole Fulvina P/G griseofulvin
Flucinom flutamide Fulyzaq crofelemer
Fluclox flucloxacillin Fumaderm dimethyl fumarate
Fluctin fluoxetine Funcort miconazole
Fluctine fluoxetine Fungarest ketoconazole
Fludac fluoxetine Fungata fluconazole
Fludara fludarabine Fungilin amphotericin B
Fludecate fluphenazine Fungizone amphotericin B
Fludex indapamide Fungoid Tincture miconazole
Fluimucil acetylcysteine Fungoral ketoconazole
Flukacide praziquantel Furadantin nitrofurantoin
Fluken flutamide Furadantina nitrofurantoin
Flukezol fluconazole Furadoine nitrofurantoin
Flulem flutamide Furalan nitrofurantoin
FluMist influenza vaccine Furan nitrofurantoin
Fluorophosphate fluorides Furobactina nitrofurantoin
Fluoroplex fluorouracil Furorese furosemide
Fluorouracil Injection, USP fluorouracil Furoside furosemide
Fluoxac fluoxetine Fusid furosemide
Fluoxeren fluoxetine Fuzeon enfuvirtide
Flurix influenza vaccine Fycompa perampanel
Flurofen flurbiprofen
Flurozin
Fluviral
flurbiprofen
influenza vaccine
G
G-Well lindane
Fluxil fluoxetine GAB lindane
Fluzone fluconazole, influenza vaccine Gabbroral paromomycin
Focalin dexmethylphenidate Gabitril tiagabine
Focetria pandemic influenza vaccine (H1N1) Gablofen baclofen
folacin folic acid Gabrilen Retard ketoprofen
folate folic acid Gabroral paromomycin
Folina folic acid Galafold migalastat hydrochloride
folinic acid leucovorin Galecin clindamycin
Folinsyre folic acid Galedol diclofenac
Folitab folic acid Galmax ursodiol
Folsan folic acid Galzin zinc
Fontex fluoxetine Gamabenceno lindane
Foradil formoterol Gamafine immune globulin IV
Formula-Q quinine Gamastan immune globulin IV
Forsteo teriparatide Gambex lindane
Fortamet metformin Gamene lindane
Fortaz ceftazidime Gamikal amikacin
Forteo teriparatide Gamimune immune globulin IV
Fortesta testosterone Gamma 16 immune globulin IV
Fortipine nifedipine gamma benzene hexachloride lindane
Fortum ceftazidime Gammabulin immune globulin IV
Forvade cidofovir Gammagard immune globulin IV
Fosalan alendronate Gammalin lindane
Fosamax alendronate Gammar PIV immune globulin IV
Fosinorm fosinopril Gammer-IV immune globulin IV
Foxsalepsin carbamazepine Gammonayiv immune globulin IV
Fozitec fosinopril Gamunex immune globulin IV
Fragmin dalteparin Ganor famotidine
Fragmine dalteparin Garamycin gentamicin
Garatec gentamicin glycopyrronium bromide glycopyrrolate

Gardasil human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine Glyde glipizide
Gardenal phenobarbital Glynase glyburide
Gastro famotidine Glypressin terlipressin
Gastrodyn glycopyrrolate Glyxambi empagliflozin, linagliptin
Gastroloc omeprazole GoNitro nitroglycerin
Gastrosed hyoscyamine Goodnight promethazine
Gattex teduglutide Gopten trandolapril
Gazyva obinutuzumab Goutnil colchicine
GBH lindane Gralise gabapentin
Geangin verapamil grass marihuana
Gelnique oxybutynin Green-Alpha interferon alfa
Gelprin aspirin Grifulvin V griseofulvin
Geluprane acetaminophen Gris-PEG griseofulvin
Gemicina neomycin Grisefuline griseofulvin
Gemlipid gemfibrozil Griseostatin griseofulvin
Gemzar gemcitabine Grisovin griseofulvin
Gen-Baclofen baclofen Guiatuss AC codeine
Gen-Fibro gemfibrozil Gynodiol estradiol
Gen-Metformin metformin
Gen-XENE
Genabid
clorazepate
papaverine
H
Habitrol Patch nicotine
Genahist diphenhydramine Haemiton clonidine
Genin quinine Haemopressin terlipressin
Genoptic gentamicin Hairgaine minoxidil
Genora oral contraceptives Halaven eribulin
Genoxal cyclophosphamide Haldol haloperidol
Genpril ibuprofen Halfprin aspirin
Gentacidin gentamicin Haloper haloperidol
Gentalline gentamicin Halotussin codeine
Gentalol gentamicin Haltran ibuprofen
Genvoya cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir Hamarin allopurinol
alafenamide Harkoseride lacosamide
Geodon ziprasidone Harvoni ledipasvir & sofosbuvir
Geroxalen methoxsalen hashish marihuana
Gestapuran medroxyprogesterone Havrix hepatitis A vaccine
Gesterol 50 progestins Heitrin terazosin
Gevilon Uno gemfibrozil Helidac bismuth, tetracycline
Gilenya fingolimod Heliopar chloroquine
Gilex doxepin Helminzole mebendazole
Gilotrif afatinib Heloxatin oxaliplatin
Glatopa glatiramer Hemangeol propranolol
Gleevec imatinib Hemi-Daonil glyburide
Gliadel Wafer carmustine Hemovas pentoxifylline
glibenclamide glyburide Henexal furosemide
Glibenese glipizide Hep-Flush heparin
Glimel glyburide Hep-Lock heparin
Glioten enalapril Hepalean heparin
Glipid glipizide Heparin-Leo heparin
Glivec imatinib Heparine heparin
Glucagon Emergency Kit glucagon Hepsera adefovir
Glucal glyburide Herceptin trastuzumab
Glucobay acarbose Herklin lindane
Glucomet metformin Herpefug acyclovir
Glucophage metformin Hetlioz tasimelteon
Glucosamine sulfate glucosamine hexachlorocyclohexane lindane
Glucotrol glipizide Hexadrol dexamethasone
Glucovance glyburide, metformin Hexicid lindane
Gluquine quinidine Hexit lindane
glybenclamide glyburide Hexol chlorhexidine
glyceryl trinitrate nitroglycerin Hibiclens chlorhexidine
Hibident chlorhexidine IL-2 aldesleukin

Hibidil chlorhexidine Ilaris canakinumab
Hibiscrub chlorhexidine Ilosone erythromycin
Hibistat chlorhexidine Ilotycin erythromycin
Hibitane chlorhexidine Imbrilon indomethacin
HibMenCY meningococcal groups C & Y & Haemophilus B Imbruvica ibrutinib
tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine Imdur isosorbide mononitrate
HibTITER Hemophilus B vaccine Imfinzi durvalumab
Histantil promethazine Imidol imipramine
Hitrin terazosin Imigran sumatriptan
Hivid zalcitabine Imipramin imipramine
Hizentra immune globulin sc Imitrex sumatriptan
Holoxan ifosfamide Imlygic talimogene laherparepvec
Horizant gabapentin Imodium loperamide
HPV4 human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine Imossel loperamide
Huberplex chlordiazepoxide Imovane eszopiclone
Humagel paromomycin Imovax influenza vaccine
Humatin paromomycin Implanta cyclosporine
Humira adalimumab Impril imipramine
Hyalgan hyaluronic acid Imuprin azathioprine
hyaluronidase hyaluronic acid Imuran azathioprine
Hybloc labetalol Imurek azathioprine
Hycamtin topotecan Imurel azathioprine
Hyco hyoscyamine Inapsin droperidol
Hycosol Sl hyoscyamine Inapsine droperidol
Hycotuss hydrocodone Incivek telaprevir
Hydeltrasol prednisolone Incruse umeclidinium
Hydopa methyldopa Inderal LA propranolol
Hydrea hydroxyurea Inderal propranolol
Hydrogen fluoride [HF] fluorides Inderide hydrochlorothiazide
Hydromet hydrocodone Indochron indomethacin
Hydrosaluric hydrochlorothiazide Indocin indomethacin
HydroStat IR hydromorphone Indolar SR indomethacin
hydroxycarbamide hydroxyurea indometacin indomethacin
hydroxydaunomycin doxorubicin Indotec indomethacin
Hylaform hyaluronic acid Inegy simvastatin
Hylan G-F 20 hyaluronic acid INF interferon alfa
Hylutin progestins Infergen interferon alfa
Hynorex Retard lithium Inflamase prednisolone
Hyospaz hyoscyamine Inflectra infliximab
Hypolar nifedipine Inflexal V influenza vaccine
Hysingla ER hydrocodone Influsome influenza vaccine
Hytrin terazosin Infumorph morphine
Hytrine terazosin Infurin nitrofurantoin
Hytrinex terazosin Ingrezza valbenazine
Hyzaar hydrochlorothiazide, losartan INH isoniazid
Inhibitron omeprazole
I Inlyta axitinib
IB-Stat hyoscyamine Innofem estradiol
ibandronic acid ibandronate Innohep tinzaparin
Ibrance palbociclib Innopran XL propranolol
Idamycin idarubicin Innovace enalapril
Idhifa enasidenib Insomnal diphenhydramine
Idotrim trimethoprim Integrex reboxetine
Ifex ifosfamide Integrilin eptifibatide
IFN interferon alfa Intelence etravirine
Ifoxan ifosfamide Intercon oral contraceptives
IG Gamma immune globulin IV Interglobin immune globulin IV
IGIM immune globulin IV interleukin-2 aldesleukin
IGIV immune globulin IV Intron A interferon alfa
Iktorivil clonazepam Introna interferon alfa
Introne interferon alfa Jodid potassium iodide

Intropin dopamine Jublia efinaconazole
Invanz ertapenem Juluca dolutegravir
Invega paliperidone Jumex selegiline
Invirase saquinavir Jurnista hydromorphone
Invivac influenza vaccine Juvederm hyaluronic acid
Invokamet canagliflozin, metformin Juxtapid lomitapide
Invokana canagliflozin
Ionamin
Iopidine
phentermine
apraclonidine
K
Kabikinase streptokinase
Ipamix indapamide Kadcyla trastuzumab emtansine
Ipolab labetalol Kadian morphine
Ipral trimethoprim Kalcide praziquantel
Ipratropium Steri-Neb ipratropium Kaletra lopinavir, ritonavir
Iquix levofloxacin Kalium potassium iodide
Iremofar hydroxyzine Kallmiren buspirone
Irenor reboxetine Kalma alprazolam
Iressa gefitinib Kalten atenolol
Isavuconazole isavuconazonium sulfate Kaluril amiloride
Isentress raltegravir Kalydeco ivacaftor
Ismipur mercaptopurine Kanamicina kanamycin
Ismo isosorbide mononitrate Kanamycine kanamycin
Ismotic isosorbide Kanamytrex kanamycin
Isobac co-trimoxazole Kanbine amikacin
Isoptin verapamil Kanescin kanamycin
Isoptine verapamil Kannasyn kanamycin
Isopto Atropine atropine sulfate Kantrex kanamycin
Isopto Eserine physostigmine Kanuma sebelipase alfa
Isopto Pilocarpine pilocarpine Kaywan phytonadione
Isopto-Epinal epinephrine Kcentra prothrombin complex concentrate (human)
Isopto atropine sulfate Keduril ketoprofen
Isordil isosorbide dinitrate Kefarol cephalexin
Isorythm disopyramide Keflex cephalexin
Isotamine isoniazid Kefolor cefaclor
Isotrex isotretinoin Keftab cephalexin
Isox itraconazole Kelac ketorolac
Isozid isoniazid Kelatin penicillamine
Istin amlodipine Kenaprol metoprolol
Istodax romidepsin Kengreal cangrelor
Istubol tamoxifen Kenzoflex ciprofloxacin
Italnik ciprofloxacin Kepivance palifermin
Itranax itraconazole Keppra levetiracetam
Itrin terazosin Kerlon betaxolol
IV Globulin-S immune globulin IV Kerlone betaxolol
Iveegam immune globulin IV Kerydin tavaborole
IVIG immune globulin IV Kessar tamoxifen
Ixiaro Japanese encepahlitis vaccine Ketalar ketamine
Izba travoprost Ketalin ketamine
Ketanest ketamine
J Ketoderm ketoconazole
Jacutin lindane Ketoisidin ketoconazole
Jadelle levonorgestrel Ketolar ketamine
Jadenu deferasirox Ketonic ketorolac
Jalyn dutasteride, tamsulosin Kevadon thalidomide
Janumet metformin, sitagliptin Keytruda pembrolizumab
Januvia sitagliptin Khedezla desvenlafaxine
Jardiance empagliflozin KI potassium iodide
Jenamicin gentamicin Kidrolase asparaginase
Jetrea ocriplasmin Kie potassium iodide
Jezil gemfibrozil Kildane lindane
Jodatum potassium iodide Kineret anakinra
Kinidin quinidine Lasix furosemide

Kisqali ribociclib Laspar asparaginase
Klacid clarithromycin Lastet etoposide
Klaricid clarithromycin Latisse bimatoprost
Klexane enoxaparin Latuda lurasidone
Klonopin clonazepam Laubeel lorazepam
Kloramfenicol chloramphenicol Lebic baclofen
Klozapol clozapine Lederfolin leucovorin
Kodapan carbamazepine Ledertrexate methotrexate
Koffex dextromethorphan Ledoxina cyclophosphamide
Kolkicin colchicine Lenal temazepam
Konakion phytonadione Lencid lindane
Konicine colchicine Lenoxin digoxin
Korec quinapril Lentizol amitriptyline
Korlym mifepristone Lentorsil ursodiol
Kovaltry antihemophilic factor Lenvima lenvatinib
Kovanaze tetracaine & oxymetazoline Leponex clozapine
KP-E dinoprostone Leptanal fentanyl
Kredex carvedilol Leptopsique perphenazine
Krenosin adenosine Lescol fluvastatin
Krenosine adenosine Letairis ambrisentan
Krintafel tafenoquine Leucovorin leucovorin
Kripton bromocriptine Leukerin mercaptopurine
Krystexxa pegloticase Leukosulfan busulfan
Kwell lindane Leunase asparaginase
Kwildane lindane Leuprorelin leuprolide
Kybella deoxycholic acid Leustatin cladribine
Kyleena levonorgestrel Levanxene temazepam
Kyprolis carfilzomib Levaquin levofloxacin
Levate amitriptyline
L Levbid
Levemir
hyoscyamine
insulin detemir
L-asparaginase asparaginase
L-Cysteine acetylcysteine Levitra vardenafil
L-deprenyl selegiline Levlen oral contraceptives
L-dopa levodopa Levlite oral contraceptives
L-DOPS droxidopa Levo-T levothyroxine
L-Gent gentamicin Levodopa-Woelm levodopa
L-Polamidon methadone Levora oral contraceptives
L-thyroxine sodium levothyroxine Levothyroid levothyroxine
Labrocol labetalol Levothyrox levothyroxine
Ladogal danazol Levoxyl levothyroxine
Lagaquin chloroquine Levsin/SL hyoscyamine
lambrolizumab pembrolizumab Levsin hyoscyamine
Lamictal lamotrigine Levsinex hyoscyamine
Lamisil terbinafine Levulan Kerastick aminolevulinic acid
Lamocot diphenoxylate Lexapro escitalopram
Landsen clonazepam Lexin carbamazepine
Lanicor digoxin Lexinor norfloxacin
Lanoxin digoxin Lexiva fosamprenavir
Lantarel methotrexate Lexpec folic acid
Lantus insulin glargine Lexxel enalapril
Lapole flurbiprofen Lialda mesalamine
Laraflex naproxen Libritabs chlordiazepoxide
Larapam piroxicam Librium chlordiazepoxide
Largactil chlorpromazine Lidaprim trimethoprim
Lariam mefloquine Lidifen ibuprofen
Laricam mefloquine Lidodan lidocaine
Laroferon interferon alfa Lidoderm lidocaine
Laroxyl amitriptyline Lidoject-2 lidocaine
Lartruvo olaratumab Lifaton B12 cyanocobalamin
Lasilix furosemide lignocaine lidocaine
Likudin M griseofulvin Lorastine loratadine

Limbitrol amitriptyline, chlordiazepoxide Lorcet acetaminophen
Lin-Amnox amoxicillin Lorexane lindane
Lincocin lincomycin Lortab hydrocodone
Lincocine lincomycin Losec omeprazole
Linzess linaclotide Lotensin HCT benazepril, hydrochlorothiazide
Liocarpina pilocarpine Lotensin benazepril, hydrochlorothiazide
Lioresal baclofen Lotrel amlodipine, benazepril
Lipex simvastatin Lovalip lovastatin
Lipitor atorvastatin Lovenox enoxaparin
Liponorm simvastatin Low-Quel diphenoxylate
Lipostat pravastatin Loxapac loxapine
Liptruzet atorvastatin, ezetimibe Loxen nicardipine
Lipur gemfibrozil Loxitane loxapine
Liquemin heparin Lozapin clozapine
Liquiprin acetaminophen Lozide indapamide
Liroken diclofenac Lozol indapamide
Lisino loratadine Lucassin terlipressin
Lismol cholestyramine Lucemyra lofexidine
Litalir hydroxyurea Lucentis ranibizumab
Litanin ursodiol Lucrin leuprolide
Lithicarb lithium Lugol’s solution potassium iodide
Lithizine lithium Lukadin amikacin
Lithobid lithium Lumigan bimatoprost
Lithonate lithium Luminal phenobarbital
Lithotabs lithium Luminaletten phenobarbital
Litocure ursodiol Lunelle medroxyprogesterone, oral contraceptives
Litoff ursodiol Lunesta eszopiclone
Litursol ursodiol Lupron Depot-Ped leuprolide
Livalo pitavastatin Lupron leuprolide
Lo/Ovral oral contraceptives Lustra hydroquinone
Locion-V lindane Luvox fluvoxamine
Locol fluvastatin Luzu luliconazole
Lodales simvastatin Lyeton ursodiol
Lodimol dipyridamole Lynparza olaparib
Lodine etodolac Lyovac dactinomycin
Loestrin oral contraceptives Lyple alprostadil
Lofene atropine sulfate, diphenoxylate Lyrica pregabalin
Logastric omeprazole Lyrinel oxybutynin
Logen atropine sulfate, diphenoxylate Lysalgo mefenamic acid
Lokelma sodium zirconium cyclosilicate Lysatec rt-PA alteplase
Lomaira phentermine Lyxumia lixisenatide
Lomanate atropine sulfate, diphenoxylate
Lomarin dimenhydrinate M
Lomir SRO isradipine M-KYA quinine
Lomir isradipine Maalox Anti-Diarrheal loperamide
Lomotil atropine sulfate, diphenoxylate Maalox loperamide
Lomper mebendazole MabCampath alemtuzumab
Lonazep clonazepam Mablin busulfan
Lonine etodolac MabThera rituximab
Loniten minoxidil Macladin clarithromycin
Lonolox minoxidil Macrobid nitrofurantoin
Lonoten minoxidil Macrodantin nitrofurantoin
Lonox diphenoxylate Macugen pegaptanib
Lonsurf trifluridine & tipiracil Malarivon chloroquine
Lop-Dia loperamide Malarone atovaquone/proguanil
Loperhoe loperamide Malocide pyrimethamine, sulfadoxine
Lopid gemfibrozil Maloprim dapsone
Lopirin captopril Mamofen tamoxifen
Lopressor hydrochlorothiazide, metoprolol Mapap acetaminophen
Lopril captopril Marax ephedrine, hydroxyzine
Marcillin ampicillin Metforal metformin

Mareen doxepin Methadose methadone
Marevan warfarin Methipox sulfadoxine
marijuana marihuana Methoprim trimethoprim
Marinol dronabinol Methylin methylphenidate
Marmine dimenhydrinate methylmorphine codeine
Marthritic salsalate Meticorten prednisone
Masmoran hydroxyzine Metomin metformin
Maveral fluvoxamine Metrocream metronidazole
Mavik trandolapril MetroGel metronidazole
Maxalt rizatriptan Metrolotion metronidazole
Maxcef cefepime Metrolyl metronidazole
Maxidone hydrocodone Mevacor lovastatin
Maxiphed pseudoephedrine Meval diazepam
Maxipime cefepime Mevinacor lovastatin
Maxitrol neomycin Mevinolin lovastatin
Maxtrex methotrexate Miacalcic calcitonin
Maxzide hydrochlorothiazide, triamterene Miacalcin calcitonin
Mazepine carbamazepine Miacin amikacin
Measurin aspirin Miaquin amodiaquine
Mebensole mebendazole Micardis hydrochlorothiazide, telmisartan
Med-Glibe glyburide Micotef miconazole
Medamor amiloride Micronase glyburide
Medianox chloral hydrate Micronor progestins
MedihalerEpi epinephrine Microzide hydrochlorothiazide
Medilium chlordiazepoxide Midamor amiloride
Medimet methyldopa Midol 220 ibuprofen
Medipren ibuprofen Midoride amiloride
Medispaz hyoscyamine Mifeprex mifepristone
Medrol methylprednisolone Miglucan glyburide
Mefac mefenamic acid Mindiab glipizide
Mefic mefenamic acid Mindol mebendazole
Megace progestins Minidiab glipizide
Megacillin penicillin G Miniprostin E(2) dinoprostone
Mekinist trametinib Minirin desmopressin
Mektovi binimetinib Minitran nitroglycerin
Meladinine methoxsalen Minobese-Forte phentermine
Melizide glipizide Minocin minocycline
Menabol stanozolol Minoclir 50 minocycline
Menhibrix meningococcal groups C & Y & Haemophilus B Minodiab glipizide
tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine Minogalen minocycline
Menostar estradiol Minomycin minocycline
mepacrine quinacrine Minoximen minoxidil
Mephaquin mefloquine Minprog alprostadil
Mephaquine mefloquine Minurin desmopressin
Mephenon methadone Miocarpine pilocarpine
Mephyton phytonadione Miracol miconazole
Merabis spironolactone Mirapex pramipexole
Merlit lorazepam Mircette oral contraceptives
Meronem meropenem Mirena levonorgestrel
Merrem IV meropenem Mirvaso brimonidine
mesalazine mesalamine Misulban busulfan
Mesasal mesalamine mitomycin-C mitomycin
Mestacine minocycline Mitomycin mitomycin
Mestatin nystatin Mitomycine mitomycin
Mestinon pyridostigmine Mitoxana ifosfamide
Metadate CD methylphenidate Mitran chlordiazepoxide
Metadon methadone Mobic meloxicam
Metaglip glipizide, metformin Mobilin sulindac
Metandren methyltestosterone Modamide amiloride
Metex methotrexate Modecate fluphenazine
Modicon oral contraceptives Mycobutin rifabutin

Moditen fluphenazine Mycol metoprolol
Moduretic amiloride, hydrochlorothiazide Mycology-II nystatin
Molelant cefotaxime mycophenolate mofetil, mycophenolate sodium mycophenolate
Molipaxin trazodone Mycostatin nystatin
molly MDMA Mydayis dextroamphetamine
Monazole-7 miconazole Myfortic mycophenolate
Monistat miconazole Mylanta AR famotidine
Mono-Gesic salsalate Myleran busulfan
Monocor bisoprolol Mylocel hydroxyurea
Monodox doxycycline Mynocine minocycline
Monoflam diclofenac Myobloc botulinum toxin (A & B)
Monofluorophosphate [MFP] fluorides Myolax carisoprodol
Monoket isosorbide mononitrate Myrbetriq mirabegron
Mononate artesunate
Monopril
Monotrim
fosinopril
trimethoprim
N
N-acetyl-glucosamine (NAG) glucosamine
Mopral omeprazole N-acetylcysteine acetylcysteine
Morcomine hydrocodone Nabuser nabumetone
Moronal nystatin NAC acetylcysteine
Morphabond morphine Nadic nadolol
Morphine-HP morphine Nalcryn SP nalbuphine
MOS morphine Nalorex naltrexone
Moscontin morphine Nalpin naloxone
Motiax famotidine Namenda memantine
Motifene diclofenac Naplin indapamide
Motrin ibuprofen Naprelan naproxen
Movantik naloxegol Naprogesic naproxen
Movergan selegiline Napron X naproxen
Moxacef cefadroxil Naprosyn naproxen
Moxeza moxifloxacin Naprosyne naproxen
Moxidectin moxidectin Narcan naloxone
MS Contin morphine Narcanti naloxone
MS-IR morphine Narcotan naloxone
MS/S morphine Narilet aldesleukin
MSIR Oral morphine Narol buspirone
MST Continus morphine Nascobal cyanocobalamin
MTC mitomycin Natesto testosterone
MTX methotrexate Natrilix indapamide
Mucofillin acetylcysteine Nauseatol dimenhydrinate
Mucolit acetylcysteine Nausicalm dimenhydrinate
Mucolitico acetylcysteine Navelbine vinorelbine
Mucoloid acetylcysteine Naxen naproxen
Mucomiste acetylcysteine Nazoltec ketoconazole
Mucomyst-10 acetylcysteine Nebilet nebivolol
Mucomyst acetylcysteine NebuPent pentamidine
Mucosil-10 acetylcysteine Necon oral contraceptives
Mulpleta lusutrombopag NEE oral contraceptives
Multaq dronedarone Nelova oral contraceptives
Multipax hydroxyzine Nemasol mebendazole
Multum chlordiazepoxide Nemexin naltrexone
Murelax oxazepam Neo-Synephrine phenylephrine
Muse alprostadil Neomicina neomycin
Mustargen mechlorethamine Neomycine Diamant neomycin
Mustine Hydrochloride Boots mechlorethamine Neopap acetaminophen
mustine mechlorethamine Neoral cyclosporine
Mutamycin mitomycin Neosar cyclophosphamide
Myambutol ethambutol Neosporin neomycin
Mycamine micafungin Neosulf neomycin
Myciguent neomycin Neotigason acitretin
Mycobax BCG vaccine NEPA netupitant & palonosetron
Nephronex nitrofurantoin Nobegyl salsalate

Nergadan lovastatin Nocbin disulfiram
Nerlynx neratinib Noctec chloral hydrate
Nesina alogliptin Noctiva desmopressin
Neupro rotigotine Nodine ketorolac
Neurap pimozide Nolvadex tamoxifen
Neurobloc botulinum toxin (A & B) Nor-QD progestins
Neurontin gabapentin Norboral glyburide
Neurosine buspirone Norco hydrocodone
Nexavar sorafenib Nordette oral contraceptives
Nexiclon clonidine Norebox reboxetine
Nexium esomeprazole Norethin oral contraceptives
Nia-Bid niacin Norfenon propafenone
Niac niacin Norgesic aspirin
Niacels niacin Norinyl oral contraceptives
Niacinamide niacinamide Noritate metronidazole
Niacor niacin Noritren nortriptyline
Niaspan niacin Norlutate progestins
Nicabate nicotine Norlutin progestins
Nicardal nicardipine Normison temazepam
Nico-Vert dimenhydrinate Normorytmin propafenone
Nicobid niacin Normozide labetalol
Nicobion niacin Noroxin norfloxacin
Nicodel nicardipine Norpace disopyramide
Nicoderm nicotine Norphyl aminophylline
Nicolan nicotine Norplant levonorgestrel
Nicorette Plus nicotine Norpress nortriptyline
Nicorette nicotine Northera droxidopa
Nicotibine isoniazid Nortrilen nortriptyline
nicotinamide niacinamide Norvas amlodipine
Nicotinell-TTS nicotine Norvasc amlodipine
Nicotinex niacin Norvir ritonavir
nicotinic acid niacin Noten atenolol
Nicotrans nicotine Novahistine DH codeine
Nicotrol nicotine Novahistine phenylephrine
Nicovital niacin Novamin prochlorperazine
Nicozid isoniazid Novamoxin amoxicillin
Nida Gel metronidazole Novantrone mitoxantrone
Nifecor nifedipine Novapen-VK penicillin V
Nifedipress nifedipine Novasen aspirin
Nikofrenon nicotine Novazam diazepam
Ninlaro ixazomib Novitropan oxybutynin
Niotal zolpidem Novo-Atenol atenolol
Nirulid amiloride Novo-AZT zidovudine
Nistaquim nystatin Novo-Chlorpromazine chlorpromazine
Nitro-Dur nitroglycerin Novo-Cycloprine cyclobenzaprine
NitroBid nitroglycerin Novo-Digoxin digoxin
Nitrocap nitroglycerin Novo-Dipiradol dipyridamole
Nitrocine nitroglycerin Novo-Doxepin doxepin
Nitrodur nitroglycerin Novo-Doxylin doxycycline
nitrogen mustard mechlorethamine Novo-Flutamide flutamide
Nitroglin nitroglycerin Novo-Furan nitrofurantoin
nitroglycerol nitroglycerin Novo-Hylazin hydralazine
Nitrolingual nitroglycerin Novo-Ipramide ipratropium
Nitromist nitroglycerin Novo-Keto ketoprofen
Nitronal nitroglycerin Novo-Lexin cephalexin
Nitrospan nitroglycerin Novo-Medrone medroxyprogesterone
Nitrostat nitroglycerin Novo-Metformin metformin
Nitrumon carmustine Novo-Naprox naproxen
Nivemycin neomycin Novo-Pramine imipramine
Nizoral ketoconazole Novo-Purol allopurinol
Novo-Selegiline selegiline Octagam immune globulin IV

Novo-Semide furosemide Octocaine lidocaine
Novo-Spiroton spironolactone Octostim desmopressin
Novo-Sundac sulindac Ocuflox ofloxacin
Novo-Zolamide acetazolamide Ocumycin gentamicin
Novochlorhydrate chloral hydrate Ocusert Pilo pilocarpine
Novocimetine cimetidine Odefsey emtricitabine/rilpivirine/tenofovir alafenamide
Novoclopate clorazepate Odomzo sonidegib
Novofen tamoxifen Odrik trandolapril
NovoLog insulin aspart Ofev nintedanib
Novomit prochlorperazine Ofirmev acetaminophen
Novopen-G penicillin G Oflocet ofloxacin
Novopoxide chlordiazepoxide Oflocin ofloxacin
NovoRapid insulin aspart Oforta fludarabine
Novotriptyn amitriptyline Oftalmotrisol-T tobramycin
Novoxapam oxazepam Oleomycetin chloramphenicol
Noxafil posaconazole Oleptro trazodone
NTG nitroglycerin Olmetec olmesartan
Nu-Alprax alprazolam Olumiant baricitinib
Nu-Amoxi amoxicillin Olysio simeprevir
Nu-Atenol atenolol Omed omeprazole
Nu-Baclo baclofen Omegaven fish oil triglycerides
Nu-Buspirone buspirone Omnicef cefdinir
Nu-Capto captopril OmniHIB Hemophilus B vaccine
Nu-Cimet cimetidine OMS Oral morphine
Nu-Clonidine clonidine Onbrez Breezhaler indacaterol
Nu-Diclo diclofenac Oncaspar pegaspargase
Nu-Diltiaz diltiazem Onco-Carbide hydroxyurea
Nu-Doxycycline doxycycline Oncocarbin carboplatin
Nu-Famotidine famotidine Oncoden ondansetron
Nu-Flurprofen flurbiprofen oncovin vincristine
Nu-Gemfibrozil gemfibrozil Onglyza saxagliptin
Nu-Hydral hydralazine Onicit palonosetron
Nu-Indo indomethacin Onivyde irinotecan
Nu-Loraz lorazepam Onmel itraconazole
Nu-Medopa methyldopa Onpattro patisiran
Nu-Naprox naproxen Onzetra Xsail sumatriptan
Nu-Nifed nifedipine Opana oxymorphone
Nu-Pirox piroxicam Opdivo nivolumab
Nu-Ranit ranitidine Ophthochlor chloramphenicol
Nu-Temazepam temazepam Opistan meperidine
Nu-Verap verapamil Opizone naltrexone
Nubain SP nalbuphine Opsumit macitentan
Nubain nalbuphine Optenyl papaverine
Nucala mepolizumab Optipres betaxolol
Nucofed codeine Optovit-E vitamin E
Nucynta ER tapentadol Oracea doxycycline
Nucynta tapentadol Oracefal cefadroxil
Nulev hyoscyamine Oramorph SR morphine
Nulojix belatacept Oranor norfloxacin
Nuplazid pimavanserin Oranyst nystatin
Nuprin ibuprofen Orap pimozide
Nuvigil armodafinil Oravig miconazole
Nyaderm nystatin Orbactiv oritavancin
Nystacid nystatin Orencia abatacept
Nystan nystatin Orientomycin cycloserine
Nystex nystatin Orilissa elagolix sodium
Nytol diphenhydramine Oritaxim cefotaxime
Orkambi lumacaftor/ivacaftor
O Ormazine chlorpromazine
Ocaliva obeticholic acid Ornade chlorpheniramine
Ornidyl eflornithine Paraplatine carboplatin

Oroken cefixime Parilac bromocriptine
Ortho Tri-Cyclen oral contraceptives Parizac omeprazole
Ortho-Cept oral contraceptives Parkemed mefenamic acid
Ortho-Cyclen oral contraceptives Parlodel bromocriptine
Ortho-Novum oral contraceptives Parsabiv etelcalcetide
Orthovisc hyaluronic acid Parvolex acetylcysteine
Orudis ketoprofen Pasmex hyoscyamine
Oruvail ketoprofen Pasotomin prochlorperazine
Osiren spironolactone Pavabid papaverine
Ospen penicillin V Pavagen papaverine
Ospexin cephalexin Pavased papaverine
Osphena ospemifene Pavatine papaverine
Osteum etidronate Paveral codeine
Otarex hydroxyzine Paxene paclitaxel
Otezla apremilast Paxil CR paroxetine hydrochloride
Otrexup methotrexate Paxil paroxetine hydrochloride
Otrivine xylometazoline Paxistil hydroxyzine
Ovcon oral contraceptives Paxtibi nortriptyline
Ovral oral contraceptives PCC prothrombin complex concentrate (human)
Ovrette progestins PCE erythromycin
Oxiklorin hydroxychloroquine PCV pneumococcal vaccine
Oxpam oxazepam Pedi-Dri nystatin
Oxsoralen methoxsalen, psoralens Pediapred prednisolone
Oxsoralon methoxsalen Pediatrix hepatitis B vaccine
Oxtellar XR oxcarbazepine Pediazole erythromycin
Oxyban oxybutynin PedivaxHIB Hemophilus B vaccine
Oxybutyn oxybutynin Pegasys PEG-interferon
OxyContin oxycodone PegIntron PEG-interferon
Oxydess dextroamphetamine Penbeta penicillin V
OxyIR oxycodone Penbritin ampicillin
Oxytrol oxybutynin Pendramine penicillamine
Ozoken omeprazole Pennsaid diclofenac
Ozurdex dexamethasone Penstabil ampicillin
Pentacarinat pentamidine
P Pentaglobin immune globulin IV
Pacerone amiodarone Pentam 300 pentamidine
Pacifen baclofen Pentamycetin chloramphenicol
Paclimer paclitaxel Pentasa SR mesalamine
Palaron aminophylline Pentasa mesalamine
Palexia tapentadol Pentazine promethazine
Palladone hydromorphone Pentoxi pentoxifylline
Palmitate A vitamin A Pentoxil pentoxifylline
Palux alprostadil Pepcid famotidine
Pameion papaverine Pepcidine famotidine
Pamelor nortriptyline Pepdul famotidine
Pamid indapamide Pepeom Amide niacin
Pamprin ibuprofen Peptard hyoscyamine
Panadol acetaminophen Peptaron ursodiol
Panbesy phentermine Pepto-Bismol bismuth
Panbesyl phentermine Peptol cimetidine
Pandemrix pandemic influenza vaccine (H1N1) Peratsin perphenazine
Panglobulin immune globulin IV Percocet acetaminophen, oxycodone
Panoral cefaclor Percogesic acetaminophen
Panretin alitretinoin Perforomist formoterol
Pantelmin mebendazole Peridex chlorhexidine
Panuric probenecid Peridol haloperidol
Papaverine 60 papaverine PerioChip chlorhexidine
Papaverini papaverine Periogard chlorhexidine
paracetamol acetaminophen Periostat doxycycline
Paraplatin carboplatin Perlane hyaluronic acid
Perlutex medroxyprogesterone Polinal methyldopa

Perphenan perphenazine Poly-Pred neomycin
Persantin dipyridamole Polygam S/D immune globulin IV
Persantine dipyridamole Polygris griseofulvin
Pertussin dextromethorphan Polytrim trimethoprim
Petar ketamine Pomalyst pomalidomide
pethidine meperidine Ponstan mefenamic acid
Petidin meperidine Ponstel mefenamic acid
Petnidan ethosuximide Ponstyl mefenamic acid
Pexal pentoxifylline Portrazza necitumumab
PGE alprostadil pot marihuana
Phenaemal phenobarbital Potiga ezogabine
Phenaphen acetaminophen PPV pneumococcal vaccine
Phenazine promethazine Pradaxa dabigatran
Phenergan promethazine Praluent alirocumab
Phenetron chlorpheniramine Prandin E2 dinoprostone
Phenhydan phenytoin Pravachol pravastatin
phenobarbitone phenobarbital Pravasin pravastatin
Phenoxymethylpenicillin penicillin V Pravasine pravastatin
phenylethylmalonylurea phenobarbital Pravidel bromocriptine
Phenytek phenytoin Praxbind idarucizumab
phenytoin sodium phenytoin Praxiten oxazepam
Pheryl-E vitamin E Prazite praziquantel
Phyllocontin aminophylline Pre-Par ritodrine
Phyllotemp aminophylline Precaptil captopril
Phytomenadione phytonadione Precose acarbose
Picato ingenol mebutate Pred-G gentamicin
Pidilat nifedipine Prefrin Liquifilm phenylephrine
Pifeltro doravirine Prelone prednisolone
Pilo Grin pilocarpine Premphase medroxyprogesterone
Pilogel pilocarpine Prempro medroxyprogesterone
Pilopine pilocarpine Prepidil dinoprostone
Pilopt pilocarpine Pres enalapril
Pimodac pimozide Prescal isradipine
Pink Bismuth bismuth Presinol methyldopa
Pirimecidan pyrimethamine Presoken diltiazem
Pitocin oxytocin Presolol labetalol
Placil clomipramine Prestalia amlodipine, perindopril
Plan B levonorgestrel Pretz-D ephedrine
Planphylline aminophylline Prevacid lansoprazole
Planum temazepam Prevalite cholestyramine
Plaquenil hydroxychloroquine Preveon adefovir
Plaquinol hydroxychloroquine Prevnar pneumococcal vaccine
Plasmotrim artesunate Prevpac amoxicillin
Plasticin cisplatin Prexum perindopril
Platiblastin cisplatin Prezcobix darunavir
Platinex cisplatin Prezista darunavir
Platinol-AQ cisplatin Priadel lithium
Platinol cisplatin Pridemon tranexamic acid
Platistil cisplatin Prilosec omeprazole
Plavix clopidogrel Primacor milrinone
Plegridy interferon beta Primafen cefotaxime
Pletal cilostazol Primatene Mist epinephrine
Plurimen selegiline Primatene epinephrine
PMS-Baclofen baclofen Primiprost dinoprostone
PMS-Cholestyramine cholestyramine Primonil imipramine
PMS-Isoniazid isoniazid Primosept trimethoprim
PMS-Lindane lindane Primsol trimethoprim
PncOMP pneumococcal vaccine Principen ampicillin
Pneumovax II pneumococcal vaccine Princol lincomycin
Pnu-Immune pneumococcal vaccine Prinil lisinopril
Prinivil lisinopril Protopam pralidoxime

Prinzide hydrochlorothiazide, lisinopril Protopic tacrolimus
Pristiq desvenlafaxine Proventil albuterol
Pro-Amox amoxicillin Provera medroxyprogesterone, progestins
Pro-Ampi ampicillin Provigil modafinil
Pro-Cure finasteride Prozac fluoxetine
Pro-Depo progestins Prozin chlorpromazine
Pro-Trin co-trimoxazole Pryleugan imipramine
Probalan probenecid Psicofar chlordiazepoxide
Probuphine buprenorphine Pulmicort Turbuhaler budesonide
Procan SR procainamide Punktyl lorazepam
Procan procainamide Puri-Nethol mercaptopurine
Procanbid procainamide Purinethol mercaptopurine
Procardia nifedipine Purinol allopurinol
Procid probenecid Puvasoralen methoxsalen
Procoralan ivabradine Pyknolepsinum ethosuximide
Procren Depot leuprolide Pyoredol phenytoin
Procrin leuprolide Pyrethia promethazine
Procrit epoetin alfa
Procytox
Prodac
cyclophosphamide
nabumetone
Q
Q-Vel quinine
Prodopa methyldopa
Qnasl beclomethasone
Prodox progestins
Qsymia phentermine, topiramate
Profen ibuprofen
Qtern dapagliflozin, saxagliptin
Proflex ibuprofen
Qualaquin quinine
Progestaject progestins
Quantalan cholestyramine
Progevera medroxyprogesterone
Qudexy topiramate
Prograf tacrolimus
Quellada lindane
ProHIBIT Hemophilus B vaccine
Quensyl hydroxychloroquine
Prolaken metoprolol
Querto carvedilol
Proleukin aldesleukin
Questran Lite cholestyramine
Prolex-D phenylephrine
Questran cholestyramine
Prolex-DH hydrocodone
Quibron aminophylline
Prolia denosumab
Quiess hydroxyzine
Prolift reboxetine
Quinalan quinidine
Prolixin fluphenazine
Quinate quinidine
Promacta eltrombopag
Quinazil quinapril
Prometh-50 promethazine
Quini Durules quinidine
Promine procainamide
Quinoctal quinine
Pronestyl procainamide
Quinora quinidine
Propachem hydrocodone
Quinsan quinine
Propaphenin chlorpromazine
Quinsul quinine
Propecia finasteride
Quintasa mesalamine
Propess dinoprostone
Quiphile quinine
Prorazin prochlorperazine
Quixin levofloxacin
Proscar 5 finasteride
Qvar beclomethasone
Proscar finasteride
prostaglandin E1 alprostadil
Prostaphlin oxacillin R
Prostarmon dinoprostone Ra-223 dichloride radium-223 dichloride
Prostigmin neostigmine Radicava edaravone
Prostin E2 dinoprostone Radiesse calcium hydroxylapatite
Prostin VR alprostadil, dinoprostone Ralovera medroxyprogesterone
Prostin dinoprostone Ralozam alprazolam
Prostine VR alprostadil Ramicin rifampin
Prostine dinoprostone Randikan kanamycin
Prostivas alprostadil Ranexa ranolazine
Prothiazine promethazine Raniben ranitidine
Protium pantoprazole Raniplex ranitidine
Protogen dapsone Ranisen ranitidine
Protonix pantoprazole Ranvil nicardipine
Rapaflo silodosin Rexulti brexpiprazole

Rapamune sirolimus Reyataz atazanavir
rapamycin sirolimus Rezine hydroxyzine
Rapivab peramivir rFV111Fc antihemophilic factor
Rasuvo methotrexate Rheumatrex methotrexate
Rayaldee calcifediol Rhinocort budesonide
Razadyne galantamine Rhodacine indomethacin
Reactine cetirizine Rhodis ketoprofen
Rebetol ribavirin Rhofade oxymetazoline
Rebetron interferon alfa, ribavirin Rhonal aspirin
Rebif interferon beta Rhotrimine trimipramine
Reclast zoledronate Rhovail ketoprofen
Recombivax HB hepatitis B vaccine Rhythmin procainamide
Rectiv nitroglycerin Ride amiloride
Redisol cyanocobalamin Ridene nicardipine
Redusa phentermine Rifadin rifampin
Refobacin gentamicin Rifaldin rifampin
Refolinin leucovorin Rifamate isoniazid
Refusal disulfiram Rifamed rifampin
Regaine minoxidil rifampicin rifampin
Regitin phentolamine Rifater isoniazid
Regitine phentolamine Rilatine methylphenidate
Regonol pyridostigmine Rimactane rifampin
Relafen nabumetone Rimpin rifampin
Relenza zanamivir Rimycin rifampin
Relief tretinoin Rinatec ipratropium
Relif nabumetone Riomet metformin
Relifex nabumetone Risperdal Consta risperidone
Relpax eletriptan Risperdal risperidone
Remeron mirtazapine Ritalin methylphenidate
Remethan diclofenac Ritmocamid procainamide
Remicade infliximab Ritmolol metoprolol
Reminyl galantamine Rituxan rituximab
Renflexis infliximab Rivotril clonazepam
Renitec enalapril RMS morphine
Reniten enalapril Roaccutan isotretinoin
Renova tretinoin Roaccutane isotretinoin
Repatha evolocumab Roacutan isotretinoin
Reposans-10 chlordiazepoxide Roacuttan isotretinoin
Requip ropinirole Robaxisal aspirin
Rescufolin leucovorin Robidrine pseudoephedrine
Rescuvolin leucovorin Robimycin erythromycin
Resmin diphenhydramine Robinul glycopyrrolate
Respirol terbutaline Robitussin AC codeine
Respontin ipratropium Robitussin-CF pseudoephedrine
Restasis cyclosporine Robitussin dextromethorphan
Restoril temazepam Rocefin ceftriaxone
Restylane Fine Lines hyaluronic acid Rocephalin ceftriaxone
retigabine ezogabine Rocephin ceftriaxone
Retin-A Micro tretinoin Roceron-A interferon alfa
Retinoic Acid tretinoin Rofact rifampin
Retinova tretinoin Roferon-A interferon alfa
Retrovir zidovudine Rogaine minoxidil
Revapole mebendazole Rogal piroxicam
Revatio sildenafil Rogitene phentolamine
ReVia naltrexone Rogitine phentolamine
Revimine dopamine Rotarix rotavirus vaccine
Reviten triamterene RotaTeq rotavirus vaccine
Revlimid lenalidomide Roubac co-trimoxazole
Revolade eltrombopag Rovacor lovastatin
Revonto dantrolene Rowasa mesalamine
Roxanol morphine Saxenda liraglutide

Roxicodone oxycodone Scabecid lindane
Rozerem ramelteon Scabene lindane
Rtsun artesunate Scabex lindane
Ru-Tuss hydrocodone Scabi lindane
Rubesol-1000 cyanocobalamin Scabisan lindane
Rubex doxorubicin SCIG immune globulin sc
rubidomycin daunorubicin Sebomin minocycline
Rubifen methylphenidate Sebvio telbivudine
Rubraca rucaparib Sedanazin gentamicin
Rubramin cyanocobalamin Sediat diphenhydramine
Rufen ibuprofen Seebri Neohaler glycopyrrolate
Ryanodex dantrolene Selectin pravastatin
Rybix ODT tramadol Selectol celiprolol
Rydapt midostaurin Selektine pravastatin
Rydene nicardipine Selipran pravastatin
Rynatan phenylephrine Seloken-Zok metoprolol
Rynatuss ephedrine Selozok metoprolol
Rytary levodopa Selzentry maraviroc
Rythmex propafenone Sendoxan cyclophosphamide
Rythmol propafenone Septra co-trimoxazole, sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim
Rytmonorm propafenone Ser-Ap-Es hydralazine
Ryzodeg insulin aspart, insulin degludec Serax oxazepam
Serenace haloperidol
S Serepax
Serocryptin
oxazepam
bromocriptine
S-1 tegafur/gimeracil/oteracil
S-2 epinephrine Seromycin cycloserine
Sabril vigabatrin Seroquel quetiapine
Sacbexyl lindane Seroxat paroxetine hydrochloride
Saccharin saccharin Serozide etoposide
Saflutan tafluprost Sesamol flucloxacillin
Salagen pilocarpine Setamine hyoscyamine
salazopyrin sulfasalazine Sevredol morphine
Salbulin albuterol Sideril trazodone
salbutamol albuterol Sigacefal cefaclor
Salflex salsalate Sigafam famotidine
Salgesic salsalate Silenor doxepin
salicylazosulfapyridine sulfasalazine Silgard human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine
Salina salsalate Silicofluoride fluorides
Salisulf sulfasalazine Simatin ethosuximide
Salmagne labetalol Simcor niacin, simvastatin
Salofalk mesalamine Simovil simvastatin
Sandimmun cyclosporine Simplene epinephrine
Sandimmune cyclosporine Simponi golimumab
Sandoglobulin immune globulin IV Simulect basiliximab
Sandoglobulina immune globulin IV Sinaplin ampicillin
Sandoglobuline immune globulin IV Sinemet levodopa
Sandostatin octreotide Singulair montelukast
Sandostatina octreotide Sinomin sulfamethoxazole
Sandostatine octreotide Sinosid paromomycin
Sanoma carisoprodol Sinquan doxepin
Sansert methysergide Sintodian droperidol
Saphris asenapine Sinutab acetaminophen
Sarafem fluoxetine Siran acetylcysteine
Sarconyl lindane Sirdalud tizanidine
Saridine sulfasalazine Sirtal carbamazepine
Saroten amitriptyline Sirturo bedaquiline
SAS-500 sulfasalazine Sitavig acyclovir
Savaysa edoxaban Sivastin simvastatin
Savella milnacipran Sivextro tedizolid
Savlon chlorhexidine Sizopin clozapine
Skelaxin metaxalone Sprycel dasatinib

Sklice ivermectin SSKI potassium iodide
Slo-Bid aminophylline Stable hydralazine
Slo-Niacin niacin Stalevo entacapone, levodopa
SMX-TMP co-trimoxazole Stamaril yellow fever vaccine
SMZ-TMP co-trimoxazole Stambutol ethambutol
Sno Pilo pilocarpine Stangyl trimipramine
Sobelin clindamycin Stannous fluoride [SF] fluorides
Sodium fluoride [NaF] fluorides Stapenor oxacillin
Sodium monofluorophosphate fluorides Staril fosinopril
Sodol carisoprodol Starlix nateglinide
Solage tretinoin Statex morphine
Solaraze Gel diclofenac Steclin tetracycline
Solcodein codeine SteiVAA tretinoin
Solesorin hydralazine Stelara ustekinumab
Solfoton phenobarbital Stella prochlorperazine
Solgol nadolol Stemetil prochlorperazine
Soliqua insulin glargine, lixisenatide Stendra avanafil
Soliris eculizumab Stieva-A tretinoin
Solis diazepam Stilnoct zolpidem
Solium chlordiazepoxide Stilnox zolpidem
Solodyn minocycline Stimate desmopressin
Solpurin probenecid Stiolto Respimat olodaterol, tiotropium
Solu-Medrol methylprednisolone Stomedine cimetidine
Solutrat ursodiol Stopit loperamide
Solvex reboxetine Storzine pilocarpine
Soma Compound aspirin Strattera atomoxetine
Soma carisoprodol Strensiq asfotase alfa
Somadril carisoprodol Streptase streptokinase
Somatuline Autogel lanreotide Streptomycin streptomycin
Somatuline Depot lanreotide Stribild cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir
Somatuline LA lanreotide disoproxil
Somavert pegvisomant Striverdi Respimat olodaterol
Sominex 2 diphenhydramine Stromba stanozolol
Somnox chloral hydrate Stromectol ivermectin
Somophyllin aminophylline Strumazol methimazole
Sonata zaleplon Stubit nicotine
Soolantra ivermectin Sublimaze fentanyl
Sopamycetin chloramphenicol Suboxone buprenorphine, naloxone
Sorbitrate isosorbide dinitrate Subutex buprenorphine
Soriatane acitretin Sucrabest sucralfate
Soridol carisoprodol Sucrets dextromethorphan
Sorine sotalol Sudafed pseudoephedrine
Sostril ranitidine Sular nisoldipine
Sotacor sotalol Sulcrate sucralfate
Sotahexal sotalol Sulene sulindac
Sotalex sotalol sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim co-trimoxazole
Sotilen piroxicam Sulfatrim co-trimoxazole
Sotret isotretinoin Sulfazine sulfasalazine
Sovaldi sofosbuvir Sulfona dapsone
Spectro Gram chlorhexidine Sulfur hexafluoride [SF6] fluorides
Spersacarpine pilocarpine Sulic sulindac
Spinax baclofen Sulmidine clonidine
Spinraza nusinersen Suloril sulindac
Spiriva tiotropium Suloton triamterene
Spiroctan spironolactone Sumacef cefadroxil
Spirosine cefotaxime Sumavel DosePro sumatriptan
Splenda sucralose Sumontil trimipramine
Sporacid itraconazole Sumycin tetracycline
Sporal itraconazole Supartz hyaluronic acid
Sporanox itraconazole Supeudol oxycodone
Suppress dextromethorphan Tapros leuprolide

Supradol naproxen Taravid ofloxacin
Supran cefixime Tarceva erlotinib
Suprax cefixime Targiniq naloxone, oxycodone
Suprenza phentermine Targocid teicoplanin
Supressin doxazosin Targretin bexarotene
Suretin tazarotene Tarka trandolapril, verapamil
Surmontil trimipramine Taro-Ampicillin Trihydrate ampicillin
Sustiva efavirenz Taro-Atenol atenolol
Sutent sunitinib Tasigna nilotinib
suxamethonium succinylcholine Taucor lovastatin
Sweet’N Low saccharin Tavanic levofloxacin
Sylatron PEG-interferon Tavor lorazepam
Symbicort budesonide, formoterol Taxagon trazodone
Symbol misoprostol Taxol paclitaxel
Symbyax fluoxetine, olanzapine Taxotere docetaxel
Symjepi epinephrine Taxus tamoxifen
Symproic naldemedine Tazicef ceftazidime
Syn-Minocycline minocycline Tazorac tazarotene
Syn-Nadolol nadolol Tecentriq atezolizumab
Synagis palivizumab Tecfidera dimethyl fumarate
Syndros dronabinol Technivie ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir
Synflex naproxen Tecoplanin teicoplanin
Synjardy empagliflozin, metformin Tecprazin praziquantel
Synthroid levothyroxine Teczem diltiazem, enalapril
Syntocinon oxytocin Tedolan etodolac
Syraprim trimethoprim Tefamin aminophylline
Syscor nisoldipine Teflaro ceftaroline fosamil
Sytobex cyanocobalamin Teflin tetracycline
Tega-Cert dimenhydrinate
T Tega-Vert
Tegretol XR
dimenhydrinate
carbamazepine
T-20 enfuvirtide
T-DM1 trastuzumab emtansine Tegretol carbamazepine
T-VEC talimogene laherparepvec Teichomycin-A2 teicoplanin
T3 sodium liothyronine Tekamlo amlodipine
T3 liothyronine Tekturna HCT hydrochlorothiazide
T4 levothyroxine Telachlor chlorpheniramine
Tabalom ibuprofen Teldrin chlorpheniramine
Tabco flecainide Teline tetracycline
Tabrin ofloxacin Temazepam temazepam
Tacex ceftriaxone Tementil prochlorperazine
Tachydaron amiodarone Temesta lorazepam
Tadol tramadol Temgesic buprenorphine
Tafil alprazolam Temodar temozolomide
Tafinlar dabrafenib Tenif atenolol, nifedipine
Taflutan tafluprost Teniken praziquantel
Tagal ceftazidime Tenolin atenolol
Tagamet cimetidine Tenoret 50 atenolol
Tagrisso osimertinib Tenoretic atenolol
Taks diclofenac Tenormin atenolol
Taloken ceftazidime Tenormine atenolol
Taltz ixekizumab Tensin spironolactone
Talwin Compound aspirin Tensipine MR nifedipine
Talwin-NX naloxone Tensopril lisinopril
Tamaxin tamoxifen Teralithe lithium
Tambocor flecainide Teril carbamazepine
Tamiflu oseltamivir, pandemic influenza vaccine (H1N1) Terlipressin terlipressin
Tamofen tamoxifen Ternalax tizanidine
Tamoxan tamoxifen Ternelin tizanidine
Tanzeum albiglutide Tertroxin liothyronine
Tapazole methimazole Tesavel sitagliptin
Testandro testosterone Torolac ketorolac

Testim testosterone Torvin ketorolac
Testoderm testosterone Totacillin ampicillin
Teston methyltestosterone Totapen ampicillin
Testopel testosterone Toviaz fesoterodine
Testotonic ‘B’ methyltestosterone tPA alteplase
Testovis methyltestosterone Tpoxx tecovirimat
Testred methyltestosterone Tracleer bosentan
Tetradin disulfiram Tradjenta linagliptin
tetrahydrocannabinol dronabinol Tradol tramadol
Tetramig tetracycline Tramal tramadol
Teveten HCT hydrochlorothiazide Tramed tramadol
Teveten eprosartan Tramol tramadol
Texate methotrexate Trandate labetalol
Teysuno tegafur/gimeracil/oteracil Transderm-Nitro nitroglycerin
Thacapzol methimazole Transene clorazepate
Thalomid thalidomide Transtec buprenorphine
THC dronabinol Tranxal clorazepate
Theo-Dur aminophylline Tranxen clorazepate
theophylline ethylenediamine aminophylline Tranxene clorazepate
Thevier levothyroxine Tranxilen clorazepate
Thiamazol methimazole Tranxilium clorazepate
thiamazole methimazole Trasamlon tranexamic acid
Thinex lindane Travatan Z travoprost
Thioprine azathioprine Travatan travoprost
Thorazine chlorpromazine Travel Tabs dimenhydrinate
Thyroid-Block potassium iodide Trazalon trazodone
Thyronine liothyronine Tremfya guselkumab
Thyrozol methimazole Trendar ibuprofen
tiabendazole thiabendazole Trental pentoxifylline
Tiamate diltiazem Tresiba insulin degludec
Tiazac diltiazem Trexan naltrexone
Tibinide isoniazid Tri-Levlen oral contraceptives
Tibsovo ivosidenib Tri-Norinyl oral contraceptives
TICE BCG BCG vaccine Triadapin doxepin
Tidocol mesalamine Triaken ceftriaxone
Tiempe trimethoprim Triaminic DM dextromethorphan
Tifomycine chloramphenicol Triaminic chlorpheniramine
Tilazem diltiazem Trian triamterene
Tildiem diltiazem Triasox thiabendazole
Timonil carbamazepine Triavil perphenazine
Titus lorazepam Tricodein codeine
Tivicay dolutegravir Tricor fenofibrate
TMP-SMX co-trimoxazole Tridil nitroglycerin
TMP-SMZ co-trimoxazole Tridol tramadol
TOBI tobramycin Triflucan fluconazole
Tobra tobramycin Trijodthyronin BC N liothyronine
TobraDex tobramycin Trikacide metronidazole
Tobrex tobramycin Trilafon perphenazine
Tofranil imipramine Trileptal oxcarbazepine
Tolak fluorouracil Trilifan Retard perphenazine
Toloxim mebendazole Trimopan trimethoprim
Topadol ketorolac Trimox amoxicillin
Topamax topiramate Trimzol co-trimoxazole
Topicycline tetracycline Trinalin pseudoephedrine
Toprol XL metoprolol Trintellix (formerly Brintellix) vortioxetine
Toradol ketorolac Triomin perphenazine
Torem torsemide Triostat liothyronine
Toremonil hydroxychloroquine Triphasil oral contraceptives
Torental pentoxifylline Triprim trimethoprim
Torisel temsirolimus Triptone dimenhydrinate
Trisoralen psoralens Unimazole methimazole

Trisulfa co-trimoxazole Unimetone nabumetone
Tritace ramipril Uniparin heparin
Triumeq abacavir, dolutegravir, lamivudine Uniretic hydrochlorothiazide
Trivora oral contraceptives Unithroid levothyroxine
Triz cetirizine Unitrim trimethoprim
Trizivir abacavir, lamivudine, zidovudine Unituxin dinutuximab
Trobalt ezogabine Unizuric allopurinol
Trocal dextromethorphan Uptravi selexipag
Trokendi XR topiramate Urbal sucralfate
Tronoxal ifosfamide Urdox ursodiol
Tropax oxybutynin Urem ibuprofen
Tropium chlordiazepoxide Urex furosemide
Tropyn Z atropine sulfate Urief silodosin
Troxyca naltrexone, oxycodone Urised atropine sulfate, hyoscyamine
Trulance plecanatide Uritol furosemide
Trulicity dulaglutide Uro-cephoral cefixime
Trumenba meningococcal group B vaccine Urobak sulfamethoxazole
Truphylline aminophylline Urocid probenecid
Trusopt dorzolamide Urofuran nitrofurantoin
Truvada emtricitabine, tenofovir disoproxil Uromax oxybutynin
Tryptanol amitriptyline Uroxatral alfuzosin
Tryptizol amitriptyline Urozide hydrochlorothiazide
TS-1 tegafur/gimeracil/oteracil Urso 250 ursodiol
Tussar-2 codeine Urso Forte ursodiol
Tussgen hydrocodone Urso Heumann ursodiol
Tussi-12D phenylephrine Urso Vinas ursodiol
Tussi-Organidin codeine Ursochol ursodiol
Tussionex hydrocodone ursodeoxycholic acid ursodiol
Tussogest hydrocodone Ursofal ursodiol
Twinrix hepatitis B vaccine Ursofalk ursodiol
Tykerb lapatinib Ursoflor ursodiol
Tylenol acetaminophen Ursogal ursodiol
Tylox oxycodone Ursolac ursodiol
Tymlos abaloparatide Ursolism ursodiol
Typherix typhoid vaccine Ursolvan ursodiol
Typhim Vi typhoid vaccine Urson ursodiol
Tysabri natalizumab Ursoproge ursodiol
Tyzeka telbivudine Ursosan ursodiol
Ursotan ursodiol
U USCA
Utibron Neohaler
ursodiol
glycopyrrolate, indacaterol
UDC Hexal ursodiol
UDC ursodiol Utinor norfloxacin
UDCA ursodiol Utradol etodolac
Udrik trandolapril
Uducil cytarabine V
Ulcar sucralfate V-cillin K penicillin V
Ulcedine cimetidine Vacanyl terbutaline
Ulcogant sucralfate Vagifem estradiol
Ulcol sulfasalazine Valadol acetaminophen
Ulcyte sucralfate Valcyte valganciclovir
Uloric febuxostat Valdrene diphenhydramine
Ulsen omeprazole Valium diazepam
Ultra-MOP methoxsalen Valni XL nifedipine
Ultracet tramadol Valodex tamoxifen
Ultram tramadol valproate sodium valproic acid
Umbradol salsalate Valtrex valacyclovir
Umine phentermine Valturna valsartan
Unasyn ampicillin/sulbactam Vamate hydroxyzine
Unat torsemide Vanatrip amitriptyline
Uniflox ciprofloxacin Vanceril beclomethasone
Vancocin vancomycin Victoza liraglutide

Vancotil loperamide Victrelis boceprevir
Vandazole metronidazole Vidaza azacitidine
Vaniqa eflornithine Videx didanosine
Vanmicina vancomycin Vidopen ampicillin
Vanquish aspirin Viekira Pak ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir
Vaprisol conivaptan Viekira XR dasabuvir/ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir
Vaqta hepatitis A vaccine Viekirax ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir
Varilrix varicella vaccine Viibryd vilazodone
Variquel terlipressin Vimizim elosulfase alfa
Varithena polidocanol Vimpat lacosamide
Varivax varicella vaccine Vincasar vincristine
Varsan lindane Viracept nelfinavir
Varubi rolapitant Viramid ribavirin
Vascal isradipine Viramune nevirapine
Vaseretic enalapril, hydrochlorothiazide Virazid ribavirin
Vasopril fosinopril Virazole ribavirin
Vasotec enalapril Viread tenofovir disoproxil
Vaxchora cholera vaccine Virilon methyltestosterone
Vaxigrip influenza vaccine Virlix cetirizine
Veclam clarithromycin Viromone methyltestosterone
Vectibix panitumumab Vistabel botulinum toxin (A & B)
Velban vinblastine Vistacarpin pilocarpine
Velbe vinblastine Vistaril hydroxyzine
Velcade bortezomib Vistide cidofovir
Veletri epoprostenol Visudyne verteporfin
Velodan loratadine Vita Plus E vitamin E
Velsar vinblastine Vita-E vitamin E
Velsay naproxen Vitak phytonadione
Veltassa patiromer vitamin B12 cyanocobalamin
Vemlidy tenofovir alafenamide vitamin B3 niacin, niacinamide
Venclexta venetoclax vitamin B9 folic acid
Venoglobulin immune globulin IV vitamin K1 phytonadione
Ventolin albuterol Vitamin K phytonadione
Ventoline albuterol Vitatropine atropine sulfate
VePesid etoposide Vitec vitamin E
Vepeside etoposide Vitrase hyaluronic acid
Veraken verapamil Vivaglobin immune globulin sc
Verelan verapamil Vivatec lisinopril
Vermicol mebendazole Vivelle-Dot estradiol
Vermox mebendazole Vivelle estradiol
Versed midazolam Vividyl nortriptyline
Vertab dimenhydrinate Vivitrex naltrexone
Vertigon prochlorperazine Vivitrol naltrexone
Verzenio abemaciclib Vivol diazepam
Vesanoid tretinoin Vivotif typhoid vaccine
Vesicare solifenacin Vogan vitamin A
Vestra reboxetine Volibris ambrisentan
Vfend voriconazole Volmax albuterol
Viadur leuprolide Voltaren diclofenac
Viaflex heparin Voltarene diclofenac
Viagra sildenafil Voltarol diclofenac
Viberzi eluxadoline Vomacur dimenhydrinate
Vibra-Tabs doxycycline Vomex A dimenhydrinate
Vibramycin-D doxycycline Vomisen dimenhydrinate
Vicapan N cyanocobalamin Vonum indomethacin
Vicard terazosin Vozet levocetirizine
Vicks Formula 44 dextromethorphan VP-TEC etoposide
Vicks Vatronol ephedrine Vraylar cariprazine
Vicodin acetaminophen, hydrocodone Vytorin ezetimibe, simvastatin
Vicoprofen hydrocodone, ibuprofen Vyvanse lisdexamfetamine
W Z
Waran warfarin Zaltrap aflibercept
Warfilone warfarin Zanaflex tizanidine
Waytrax ceftazidime Zanosar streptozocin
Wehamine dimenhydrinate Zantab ranitidine
Welchol colesevelam Zantac-C ranitidine
Wellbutrin bupropion Zantac ranitidine
Welldorm chloral hydrate Zantic ranitidine
Wigrettes ergotamine Zantryl phentermine
Winobanin Zapex oxazepam
danazol
Zaponex clozapine
Winstrol stanozolol
Zariviz cefotaxime
Wintrocin erythromycin
Zarondan ethosuximide
Wyamicin S erythromycin
Zarontin ethosuximide
Zavedos idarubicin
X Zebeta bisoprolol
X MDMA Zebinix eslicarbazepine
Xadago safinamide Zecuity sumatriptan
Xalatan latanoprost Zedolac etodolac
Xalkori crizotinib Zefone ceftriaxone
Xanax alprazolam Zeftera ceftobiprole
Xanef enalapril Zejula niraparib
Xarelto rivaroxaban Zelapar selegiline
Xatral alfuzosin Zelboraf vemurafenib
Xelevia sitagliptin Zemdri plazomicin
Xeljanz tofacitinib Zenapax daclizumab
Xeloda capecitabine Zentropil phenytoin
Zeos loratadine
Xenical orlistat
Zepatier elbasvir & grazoprevir
Xeomin botulinum toxin (A & B)
Zerbaxa ceftolozane & tazobactam
Xerava eravacycline
Zerit stavudine
Xgeva denosumab
Zestoretic hydrochlorothiazide, lisinopril
Xifaxan rifaximin
Zestril lisinopril
Xifaxanta rifaximin
Zetia ezetimibe
Xigduo XR dapagliflozin, metformin Zeto azithromycin
Xiidra lifitegrast Ziac bisoprolol, hydrochlorothiazide
Xofigo radium-223 dichloride Ziagen abacavir
Xolair omalizumab Zicam zinc
Xomolix droperidol Zimovane eszopiclone
Xozal levocetirizine Zinacef cefuroxime
Xtampza ER oxycodone Zinacet cefuroxime
Xtandi enzalutamide Zinat cefuroxime
Xtoro finafloxacin Zinbryta daclizumab
Xultophy insulin degludec, liraglutide Zinnat cefuroxime
Xusal levocetirizine Zinplava bezlotoxumab
xylocaine lidocaine Zioptan tafluprost
Xylocard lidocaine Zipan tramadol
Xyzal levocetirizine Zipsor diclofenac
Zirtin cetirizine
Y Zithromax
Zitromax
azithromycin
azithromycin
Yamatetan cefotetan
ziv-aflibercept aflibercept
Yasmin oral contraceptives Zmax azithromycin
Yaz oral contraceptives Zocor simvastatin
Yectamid amikacin Zocord simvastatin
Yentreve duloxetine Zofran ondansetron
Yervoy ipilimumab Zofron ondansetron
YF-VAX yellow fever vaccine Zohydro ER hydrocodone
Yosprala aspirin, omeprazole Zoldan-A danazol
Yuma hydroxychloroquine Zole miconazole
Yurelax cyclobenzaprine zoledronic acid zoledronate
Zolinza vorinostat Zuplenz ondansetron

Zoloft sertraline Zurampic lesinurad
ZoMaxx Drug-Eluting Coronary Stent zotarolimus Zyban bupropion
Zometa zoledronate Zyclara imiquimod
Zomig zolmitriptan Zyclir acyclovir
Zonegran zonisamide Zydelig idelalisib
Zontivity vorapaxar Zyderm collagen (bovine)
Zorac tazarotene Zydone hydrocodone
Zorbenal-G tetracycline Zyflo zileuton
Zoref cefuroxime Zyloprim allopurinol
Zoroxin norfloxacin Zyloric allopurinol
Zortress everolimus Zymerol cimetidine
Zorvolex diclofenac Zynox naloxone
Zostavax zoster vaccine Zyplast collagen (bovine)
Zosyn piperacillin/tazobactam Zyprexa Relprevv olanzapine
Zovia oral contraceptives Zyprexa olanzapine
Zovirax acyclovir Zyrtec cetirizine
Zumalin lincomycin Zytiga abiraterone
Zunden piroxicam Zyvox linezolid

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25th

Boca Raton London New York

CRC Press is an imprint of the

© 2019 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC

No claim to original U.S. Government works

Printed on acid-free paper

International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-367-03065-0 (Paperback)

Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at

and the CRC Press Web site at

What is new in 2019?

Contents of the book, and how to use them

2. Important eruptions / reactions

Mucosal Hot flashes (19%) [3]

Skin Seborrhea (<10%) Hyperbilirubinemia [2]

Renal Pruritus [6] Endocrine/Metabolic

carbamazepine, dipyridamole, levobupivacaine, Mucosal inflammation [7]

Central Nervous System Vertigo (dizziness) (<2%) [2]

lomustine, mechlorethamine, melphalan, Neuromuscular/Skeletal Hair

Herpes zoster [3] Infusion-related reactions [12]

DRESS syndrome [47]

indinavir, ketoconazole, methysergide, SNRIs, Endocrine/Metabolic Pruritus (<10%) [2]

Neuromuscular/Skeletal Central Nervous System

Pregnancy category: C Cardiovascular Pregnancy category: D

Hepatotoxicity [28] pentamidine, phenelzine, phenothiazines,

Upper respiratory tract infection [4] Rash (<10%) Mucosal

Hypertension (8%) [4] Pregnancy category: B

Gastrointestinal/Hepatic Other Appetite decreased [2]

Constipation (9–10%) [9] Chest pain (7%) [2] Skin

Local Fever (25–29%) [6]

Respiratory Hypersomnia [2]

Other Epistaxis (nosebleed) [2]

fesoterodine, flibanserin, fluticasone propionate, Other Respiratory

Photosensitivity (<10%) Sinusitis (<2%) [2]

Vomiting (13%) Dyspepsia (10%) Pruritus (12%)

Endocrine/Metabolic developing lymphoma and other malignancies, Leukopenia [13]

Vanishing bile duct syndrome [2] Neuromuscular/Skeletal

Mucosal Hypertriglyceridemia (3–10%) Scar [8]

Neuromuscular/Skeletal Hyperuricemia (5%)

Pneumonitis [2] Xerostomia (<2%)

Hyperuricemia (<2%) Central Nervous System Peripheral neuropathy [10]

grapefruit juice, isotretinoin, oral contraceptives, Local

Eyelashes – pigmentation (<10%) [3] Hematologic

Pruritus (>5%) [7] Disorientation (3%) [3]

sirolimus, St John’s wort, tacrolimus, tadalafil, Mucosal

Myelosuppression [2] Pruritus (<10%)

Trade name: Adcetris (Seattle Genetics)

Lymphopenia (19–27%) Other

Note: Phlogenzym is rutoside, bromelain and Respiratory emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide, cobicistat/

Rhinitis (5–11%) Tachycardia [3] Mucosal

Pregnancy category: N/A (Contraindicated in Respiratory

decreased sociability; flu-like symptoms; muscle Hyperuricemia (2%)

Polyuria [2] Hematologic

Pregnancy category: D Neuromuscular/Skeletal Hypersensitivity [2]

Exanthems (4–7%) [19] tenofovir alafenamide, terbinafine, tezacaftor/

Central Nervous System Hypersensitivity (2%) [27] Otic

Hyponatremia (10%) [2] Constipation (6–11%) [11] Skin

Neuromuscular/Skeletal Constipation (<5%)

DRESS syndrome [4]

FOSAMIL CEFTAZIDIME Fever [4]

Local Cardiovascular Central Nervous System

CERTOLIZUMAB CETIRIZINE CETRORELIX

Paronychia [17] Other Diarrhea (10%)

Mucosal Cardiomyopathy [9] Central Nervous System