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Computer Systems Servicing Learning Module K To 12
Computer Systems Servicing Learning Module K To 12
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
COMPUTER SYSTEMS
SERVICING
BASIC COURSE
7our success in this exploratory course onComputer Systems Servicing is shown in your
ability to perform the performance standards found in each learnin( outcome#
1 NATIONAL CERTIFICATE (NC) is a certification issued to individuals who achieved all the required units of competency for a national
qualification as defined under the Training Regulations. NCs are aligned to specific levels within the PTQF. (TESDA Board Resolution
No. 2004!"# Trainin$ Re$ulations Fra%e&or')
NATIONAL CERTIFICATE LEEL refers to the four !" qualification levels defined in the Philippine T #$T Qualifications Framewor%
PTQF" where the wor%er with&
a. NC I performs a routine and predicta'le tas%s( has little )udgment( and* wor%s under supervision(
'. NC II performs prescri'ed range of functions involving %nown routines and procedures( ha s limited choice and comple+ity
of functions* and has little accounta'ility(
COMPUTER SYSTEMS
SERVICING 2
K to 12 – Technology and L!elhood Ed"caton
How Do You Use This Module?
This Module has 1 Lessons# )ach Lesson has the followin( parts#
Learnin( 4utcomes
Performance 8tandards
Materials&Resources
9efinition of Terms
What
What 9o
9o 7ou
7ou 2lready
Need to :now;
:now;
<ow Much <ave 7ou Learned;
<ow 9o 7ou 2pply What 7ou Learned;
<ow Well 9id 7ou Perform;
<ow 9o 7ou )xtend 7our Learnin(;
References
To (et the most from this Module+ you need to do the followin(,
"# =e(in by readin( and understandin( the Learnin( 4utcome&s and Performance
8tandards# These tell you what you should *now and be able to do at the end of this
Module#
/# >indoutwhatyoualready*nowbyta*in(thePretestthenchec*youranswer
a(ainstthe2nswer:ey#Ifyou(et??to"@@Aoftheitemscorrectly+youmay
proceed to the next Lesson#This means that you need not (o throu(h the Lesson
because you already *now what it is about# If you failed to (et ?? to "@@A correctly+
(othrou(htheLessona(ainandreview especially thoseitemswhichyoufailedto
(et#
0# 9othere6uiredLearnin(2ctivities#They be(inwithoneormoreInformation
8heets# 2n Information 8heet contains important notes or basic information that you
need to *now#
2fterreadin(theInformation8heet+testyourselfonhowmuchyoulearnedby
means of the 8elf5chec*#Refer to the 2nswer :ey for correction#9o not hesitate to
(o bac* to the Information 8heet when you do not (et alltest itemscorrectly#This
will ensure your mastery of basic information#
1# 9emonstratewhatyoulearnedbydoin( whatthe2ctivity&4peration&Bob8heet
directs you to do#
# 7ou must be abl e to apply what you hav e learned in anoth er activity or in real life
situation#
D# 2ccomplish the 8corin( Rubrics for you to *now how well you performed#
)ach Lesson also provides you with references and definition of *ey terms for your (uide#
They can be of (reat help# -se them fully#
#
COMPUTER SYSTEMS
SERVICING #
K to 12 – Technology and L!elhood Ed"caton
LESSON 1
LEARNING OUTCOMES:
At the end of this Lesson, you are
e!e"ted to do the fo##o$in%:
LO )' use t(
e*ui!+en a!!ro!riate hand too#s
and LO ' +aintain and too#s'
hand test
COMPUTER SYSTEMS
SERVICING $
K to 12 – Technology and L!elhood Ed"caton
Definition of Te!s
Diagnostic tools - used to test the integrity of circuits and the quality of
electricity in computer components and to test the functionality of
computer ports.
A"on#!s
COMPUTER SYSTEMS
SERVICING %
K to 12 – Technology and L!elhood Ed"caton
LEARNING OUTCOME &
-ERFORMANCE STAN.AR.S
"# Tas*s to be underta*en are properly identified#
/# 2ppropriate hand tools are identified and selected accordin( to the tas*
re6uirements#
0# 2ppropriate hand tools chec*ed for proper operation and safety
1# -nsafe or faulty tools areidentified
# Mar*ed all tools for repair accordin( to standard company procedures
Mateials
"# Wor*shop
/# Tables and Chairs
0# Computers
1# -8= >lash 9rive
# LC9
D# )89 Tools
%# <and Tools
'# Cleanin( Tools
?# 9ia(nostic Tools
COMPUTER SYSTEMS
SERVICING &
K to 12 – Technology and L!elhood Ed"caton
What Do You Alead# $now?
'et us !etermine $o% muc$ you "re!y (no% )out ts( preprtion n! $n! too"s*
T(e t$is test*
Pretest L4 "
Direction Write TR-) if the statement is correct and >2L8) if it is wron(# Write
your answers on a separate sheet of paper#
EEEEEEE "# 8electin( the best tool for each tas* re6uires trainin( in the proper use of
the tools+ field experience in their safe use+ and followin( the manufacturerFs
(uidance and instructions for that specific tool#
EEEEEEE /# Whenobtainin(thetool+alltheassociatedtoolin(andconsumableparts+
as recommended by the manufacturer+ must be included#
EEEEEEE 0# The safe use of a tool depends on usin( the tool for the purpose for which it
was desi(ned and also for other purposes where it can be used as
substitute where tool is not available#
EEEEEEE 1# 2ll tools should be *ept in (ood condition with re(ular maintenance#
EEEEEEE # Preparin( for a tas* includes only *nowin( the tas* to be done#
EEEEEEE D# Preparin( for a tas* includes also the se6uence of tas*s to be done#
B Direction* 8elect the letter of the correct answer# Write your answers on a separate
sheet of paper#
"# Which tool is used for hardware to stand on to prevent static electricity from buildin(
up;
a# 2nti5static mat c# Philips head screwdriver
b# <exdriver d#Wirecutter
/#Which tool is used to loosen or ti(hten cross5head screws;
a# 2nti5static mat c# Philips head screwdriver
b# <exdriver d#Wirecutter
0# Which tool is somemes called a nut driver? It is used to ghten nuts in the same way that a
screwdriver ghtens screws?
a# 2nti5static mat c# Philips head screwdriver
b# <exdriver d#Wirecutter
1# Which tool is used to strip and cut wires;
a# 2nti5static mat c# Philips head screwdriver
# Whichb# tool
<exdriver d#Wire
is used to retrieve parts from cutter that are too small for your hand to
location
fit;
a# PartRetriever c#Cableties
b# Lint5free Cloth d# >lat head screwdriver
D# Whichtoolisusedtocleandifferentcomputercomponentswithoutscratchin(or
leavin( debris;
a# PartRetriever c#Cableties
COMPUTER
SYSTEMS
SERVICING '
K to 12 – Technology and Livelihood Educaon
b# Lint5free Cloth d# >lat head screwdriver
%# Which toolis used to bundle cables neatly inside and outside of a computer;
a# PartRetriever c#Cableties
b# Lint5free Cloth d# >lat head screwdriver
'# Which tool is used to loosen or ti(hten slotted screws;
a# PartRetriever c#Cableties
b# Lint5free Cloth d# >lat head screwdriver
?# Which tool is used to loosen or ti(hten screws that have a star5li*e depression on the
top+ a feature that is mainly found on laptop;
a# 2nti5static mat c# Philips head screwdriver
b# Torx screwdriver d# Wire cutter
"@# Which tool is used to blow away dust and debris from different computer parts
without touchin( the
a# 2nti5static matcomponents; c# Compressed air
b# <exdriver d#Wirecutter
Re! In#ormtion S$eet +*+ very %e"" t$en #in! out $o% muc$ you cn remem)er
n! $o% muc$ you "erne! )y !oing Se"#,c$ec( +*+*
2 tool is a handheld device that aids in accomplishin( a tas*# Tools ran(e from a
traditional metal cuttin( part of a machine to an element of a computer pro(ram that
activates and controls a particular function#
"# <ow do you select the best tool for the Gob; >irst+ *now and understand in detail the
scope of wor* to be accomplished+ second+ plan for the scope ta*in( into account the
se6uence of tas*s#
/# 8electin( the best tool for each tas* re6uires trainin( in the proper use of the tools+
field experience
instructions in specific
for that their safe use+ and followin( the manufacturerFs (uidance and
tool#
0# When obtainin( the tool all the associated toolin( and consumable parts+ as
recommended by the manufacturer+ must be included# In addition+ related
consumable parts must also be selected and used accordin( to their manufacturerFs
instructions#
4nce selected+ use the tool for the purpose for which it was desi(ned# Not all tools
come with detailed instructions+ but there are those that do spell out the safety H9oFs and
9onFts for the your safety# If there are set5up&use options+ operator Gud(ment must always
be based on what is the safest way to use the tool#
HARD-ARE TOO'S
To complete hardware repairs+ it is important to have a tool*it that should contain all of the
necessary tools# 2s you (ain experience+ you will learn which tools to have available for
different types of Gobs# <ardware tools are (rouped into these four cate(ories,
8tatic electricity is easily (enerated by friction on carpets+ tile floorin(+ clothin(+ hair+ fabric+
and etc# The friction of movin( air alone will char(e suspended particles and cause the
buildup of static electrical char(es on people and obGects in the environment# $rounded
antistatic wor* mats used with antistatic wrist straps provide the most basic means for the
controlled dischar(e of electrostatic electricity# )xamples of )89 Tools,
2 $n! too" is a device for performin( wor* on a material or a physical system usin( only
hands# The hand tools can be manually used employin( force+ or electrically powered+ usin(
electrical current# )xamples of <and Tools,
Torxscrewdriver5usedtoloosenorti(htenscrewsthat
haveastar5li*edepressiononthetop+afeaturethatis
mainly found on laptop#
COMPUTER
()R*+)RE
SERVICING 1.
K to 12 – Technology and L!elhood Ed"caton
Wire cutter 3 used to strip and cut wires#
C"ening Too"s
<avin( the appropriate cleanin( tools is essential when maintainin( or repairin( computers#
-sin( these tools ensures that computer components are not dama(ed durin( cleanin(#
)xamples,
Lint5freecloth3usedtocleandifferentcomputer
leavin( debris#
componentswithoutscratchin(or
COMPUTER ()R*+)RE SERVICING 11
K to 12 – Technology and L!elhood Ed"caton
Compressed air 3 used to blow away dust and debris from
different computer parts without
touchin( the components#
Dignostic Too"s
Computers are easier to use and more dependable with each new (eneration of hardware
and operatin( system update+ but that doesnKt mean theyKre problem5free# <ereKs the most
popular tools for dia(nosin( your computer problems,
computerports#
8elf5Chec* "#"
Direction Write TR-) if the statement is correct and >2L8) if it is wron(# Write
your answers on a separate sheet of paper#
EEEEEEE "# 8electin( the best tool for each tas* re6uires trainin( in the proper use of
the tools+ field experience in their safe use+ and followin( the manufacturerFs
(uidance and instructions for that specific tool#
EEEEEEE /# When obtainin( the tool+ all the associated toolin( and consumable parts+
as recommended by the manufacturer+ must be included#
EEEEEEE 0# The safe use of a tool depends on usin( the tool for the purpose for which it
was desi(ned and also for other purposes where it can be used as
substitute where tool is not available#
EEEEEEE 1# 2ll tools should be *ept in (ood condition with re(ular maintenance#
EEEEEEE # Preparin( for a tas* includes only *nowin( the tas* to be done#
EEEEEEE D# Preparin( for a tas* includes also the se6uence of tas*s to be done#
B Direction0 Identify the tools on the boxes# Write your answer on a separate sheet of
paper#
"# '#
/# ?#
COMPUTER ()R*+)RE SERVICING 1#
K to 12 – Technology and L!elhood Ed"caton
0# "@#
1# ""#
C# "/#
D# "0#
%# "1#
COMPUTER MAINTENANCE
:eyboard
Direction0 -sin( the (iven tools+ se(re(ate the followin( accordin( to its classification#
Criteri0
Points
Num)er o# Too"s c"ssi#ie!
5556 7 +6
+9 +8 7 :
+4 +6 7 ;
9 87 4
4 +7 5
-ERFORMANCE STAN.AR.S
Mateials
"# Wor*shop
/# Tables and Chairs
0# Computers
1# -8= >lash 9rive
# LC9
D# )89 Tools
%# <and Tools
'# Cleanin( Tools
?# 9ia(nostic Tools
Pretest L4 /
Direction* >ill in the blan*s# Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper#
"# The purpose of an antistatic wrist strap is to EEEEEEEE the electrical char(e between
you and the e6uipment#
Re! t$e In#ormtion S$eet =*+ very %e"" t$en #in! out $o% muc$ you cn
remem)er n! $o% muc$ you "erne! )y !oing Se"#,c$ec( +*+*
2n antistatic mat is sli(htly conductive# It wor*s by drawin( static electricity away from a
component and transferrin( it safely from e6uipment to a (roundin( point,
"# Lay the mat on the wor*space next to or under the computer case#
/# Clip the mat to the case to provide a (rounded surface on which you can place parts
as you remove them from the system#
Reducin( the potential for )89 reduces the li*elihood of dama(e to delicate circuits or
components#
2 technician needs to be able to properly use each tool in the tool*it# This topic covers many
of the various hand tools used when repairin( computers#
8crews can become stripped if you over5ti(hten them with a screwdriver# 2 stripped screw+
may (et stuc* in the screw hole+ or it may not ti(hten firmly# 9iscard stripped screws#
He> !river
-se a hex driver to loosen and ti(hten bolts that have a hexa(onal six5sided! head# <ex
bolts should not be over5ti(htened because the threads of the bolts can be stripped# 9o not
use a hex driver that is too lar(e for the bolt that you are usin(#
C2-TI4N, 8ome tools are ma(netiJed# When wor*in( around electronic devices+ be sure
that the
data tools
stored onyou are usin(
ma(netic haveTest
media# not your
beentool
ma(netiJed# Ma(netic
by touchin( the toolfields
with acan be harmful
screw# to
If the screw
is attracted to the tool+ do not use the tool#
C2-TI4N, Pencils should not be used inside the computer to chan(e the settin( of switches
or to pry off Gumpers# The pencil lead can act as a conductor and may dama(e the computer
components#
:eepin( computers clean inside and out is a vital part of a maintenance pro(ram# 9irt can
cause problems
components# with thecomponents+
4n electrical physical operation of fans+
an excessive buttons+
buildup of dustand other
will act li*e mechanical
an insulator
and trap the heat# This insulation will impair the ability of heat sin*s and coolin( fans to *eep
components cool+ causin( chips and circuits to overheat and fail#
C2-TI4N, When compressed air is used to clean inside the computer+ the air should be
blown around the components with a minimum distance of four inches from the noJJle# The
power supply and the fan should be cleaned from the bac* of the case#
'CD Screens
9o not use ammoniated (lass cleaners or any other solution on an LC9 screen+ unless the
cleaner is specifically desi(ned for the purpose# <arsh chemicals will dama(e the coatin( on
the screen#
do not pressThere
firmlyison
nothe
(lass protectin( these screens+ so be (entle when cleanin( them and
screen#
CRT Screens
To clean the screens of CRT monitors+ dampen a soft+
clean+ lint5free cloth with distilled water and wipe the
screen from top to bottom# Then use a soft+ dry cloth to
wipe the screen and remove any strea*in( after you have
cleaned the monitor#
=low out the dust usin( short bursts from the can# Never tip the can or use the compressed
air can upside down# 9o not allow the fan blades to spin from the force of the compressed
air# <old the fan in place# >an motors can be ruined from spinnin( when the motor is not
turned on#
Component Contcts
Clean the contacts on components with isopropyl alcohol# 9o not use rubbin( alcoho l#
Rubbin( alcohol contains impurities that can dama(e contacts# Ma*e sure that the contacts
do not collect any lint from the cloth or cotton swab# =low any lint off the contacts with
compressed air before reinstallation#
1ey)or!
Clean a des*top *eyboard with compressed air or a small+ hand5held vacuum cleaner with a
brush attachment#
C2-TI4N, Never use a standard vacuum cleaner inside a computer case# The plastic parts
of the vacuum cleaner can build up static electricity and dischar(e to the components# -se
only a vacuum approved for electronic components#
Mouse
-se (lass cleaner and a soft cloth to clean the outside of the mouse# 9o not spray (lass
cleaner directly on the mouse# If cleanin( a ball mouse+ you can remove the ball and clean it
with (lass cleaner and a soft cloth# Wipe the rollers clean inside the mouse with the same
cloth# 9o not spray any li6uids inside the mouse#
8elf5Chec* /#"
A* Direction* Identify the appropriate tool to use for each of the followin(,
COMPUTER MAINTENANCE
COMPONENTSTOC'EAN C'EAN-ITH0
Computer case and outside Mild cleanin( solution and lint free cloth sample!
monitor
:eyboard
Mouse
LC9 screen
CRT screen
<eat sin*
R2M
Scoring Ru)rics
Interprettion o# score
"D )xcellent
"1 3 " ery $ood
"/3"0 $ood
?3"" >air
' and below Poor
-ERFORMANCE STAN.AR.S
Mateials
"# Wor*shop
/# Tables and Chairs
0# Computers
1# -8= >lash 9rive
# LC9
D# )89 Tools
%# <and Tools
'# Cleanin( Tools
?# 9ia(nostic Tools
Pretest L4 0
Direction* Write TR-) if the statement is correct and >2L8) if it is wron(# Write your
answers on a separate sheet of paper#
"# 2ll tools and e6uipment must be properly maintained so that wor*ers are not
endan(ered#
/# Preventive maintenance is the systematic care and protection of tools+
e6uipment and machines in order to *eep them in a safe+ usable condition+
limit downtime and extend productivity#
0# The de(ree of detail to include re(ardin( tools and e6uipment maintenance
will depend on the *inds of tools&e6uipment used#
1# 9ama(ed or defective e6uipment&tools should be ta((ed and removed from
service#
# Most manufacturers can provide maintenance schedules for their e6uipment#
D# Properly stored tools and e6uipment will be easy to find when needed and are
less li*ely to be lost#
%# -se bins for storin( small parts is a (ood practice on proper stora(e#
'# Productivity is increased because time is not lost loo*in( for tools+ parts and
e6uipment is one of the benefits of proper stora(e#
2ll tools and e6uipment must be properly maintained so that wor*ers are not endan(ered#
Re(ulations re6uire inspections of tools+ machines and e6uipment before use#
Preventive maintenance is the systematic care and protection of tools+ e6uipment and
machines in order to *eep them in a safe+ usable condition+ limit downtime and extend
productivity# We must always be aware that maintenance tas*s themselves are potentially
haJardous and can result in inGury# The successful maintenance pro(ram is,
well or(aniJed and scheduled+
controls haJards+
defines operational procedures+ and
trains *ey personnel#
Most manufacturers can provide maintenance schedules for their e6uipment# Lar(e
companies typically have a comprehensive maintenance pro(ram due to the capital
investment and&or leasin( a(reements# 8maller companies may lease e6uipment and
To ensure that tools and e6uipment remain in (ood condition and last for a lon( time+ store
them properly# Properly stored tools and e6uipment will be easy to find when needed and
are less li*ely to be lost#
>i(ure
"# >i(ure
/# >i(ure
0#
=enefits,
Tools and parts are *ept in (ood condition and are easy to find
Costs are reduced#
Productivity is increased because time is not wasted loo*in( for tools+ parts and
e6uipment#
Wor*shop staff develop a sense of responsibility and pride in their wor*#
8elf5Chec* "#"
"#
/#
"#
/#
TOO'S MAINTENANCEACTIIT
"# >lat <ead 8crewdriver Clean and Ma(netiJe
/# Philips <ead 8crewdriver Clean and Ma(netiJe
0# Torx8crewdriver CleanandMa(netiJe
1# <ex9river CleanandMa(netiJe
# Needle5Nose Plier Clean and Lubricate
D# WireCutter Clean+Lubricateand
8harpen+ if necessary
%# TweeJer Clean
'# PartRetriever Clean
?# >lashli(ht CleanandChan(ebatteriesifdrained
"@# Multimeter CleanandCalibrate
COMPUTER ()R*+)RE SERVICING 2-
K to 12 – Technology and L!elhood Ed"caton
How Well Did You 'efo!?
Fin! out )y ccomp"is$ing t$e Scoring Ru)ric $onest"y n! sincere"y*
Remem)er it is your "erning t st(e3
Score Cr!
Activity E>ce""ent ery Stis#ctory Score
stis#ctory
Cleanin( hand tools 8 = +
Ma(netiJin( hand tools
Calibratin( hand tools
Chan(in( batteries
Lubricatin( hand tools
8harpenin( hand tools
8torin( hand tools
REFERENCES
L4"
http,&&www#bechtel#com&assets&files&)nvironmental&Toolbox8afetyTopics&/@
"@&ProperTool8election#pdf
http,&&www#iml#uts#edu#au&assessment5futures&desi(nin(&assemblin(#html
L4 /
Ron $ilster+ PC Repir &enc$ &oo(*+ Wiley Publishin( Inc#+ "@1%
Crosspoint =oulevard+ Indianapolis+ IN 1D/D
=arry Press+ Marcia Press+PC Upgr!e n! Repir &i)"e? Des(top
E!ition#+ Wiley Publishin( Inc#+ "@1% Crosspoint =oulevard+
Indianapolis+ IN 1D/D
L4 /
Ron $ilster+ PC Repir &enc$ &oo(*+ Wiley Publishin( Inc#+ "@1%
Crosspoint =oulevard+ Indianapolis+ IN 1D/D
=arry Press+ Marcia Press+PC Upgr!e n! Repir &i)"e? Des(top
E!ition#+ Wiley Publishin( Inc#+ "@1% Crosspoint =oulevard+
LEARNING OUTCOMES:
At the end of this Lesson, you are
e!e"ted to do the fo##o$in%:
&it 5 a fundamental unit of information havin( Gust two possible values+ as either of the
binary di(its @ or "#
Fire%ire 5 2pple ComputerKs version of a standard+ I))) "0?1+ <i(h Performance 8erial
=us+ for connectin( devices to your personal computer#
Inter#ce 5 the point of interaction or communication between a computer and any other
entity+ such as a printer or human operator#
'ser 5 a device that emits li(ht electroma(netic radiation! throu(h a process of optical
amplification based on the stimulated emission of photons#
Mgnetic p"tter 5 a thin+ hi(h precision dis* that is coated on both sides with a hi(h
precision ma(netic material and which is used in a hard dis* drive
<99! to store data#
Memory mo!u"e 5 a narrow printed circuit board that holds memory chips#
Mgnetic storge me!i 5 any stora(e medium in which different patterns of ma(netiJation
are used to represent stored bits or bytes of information
Optic" storge me!i 5 any stora(e in which data is written and read with a laser for
archival or bac*up purposes#
A"on#!s
-ERFORMANCE STAN.AR.S
Mateials
"# Wor*shop
/# Tables and Chairs
0# Computers
1# LC9
# 9ifferent types of Memory
D# 9ifferent types of 8tora(e 9evices
%# Paper
'# Pencil&=allpen
Pretest L4 "
Direction* Match items on Column 2 with Column =# Write your answers on a separate
sheet of paper#
EEE /#2 ma(netic stora(e device that is installed =# F"s$ !rive or T$um) !rive
inside the computer#
EEE #2 stora(e device that uses lasers to read data )# F"oppy !rive
on the optical media#
EEE D#2 stora(e device that uses removable 0#5 ># Rn!om ccess memory
inch dis*s#
EEE ?#Memory cells built ri(ht into the CP- that I# Hr! !rive
contain specific data needed particularly the
2rithmetic and Lo(ic -nit#
Re! t$e In#ormtion S$eet +*+ very %e"" t$en #in! out $o% muc$ you cn
remem)er n! $o% muc$ you "erne! )y !oing Se"#,c$ec( +*+*
MEMOR
Rn!om ccess memory R2M! is the temporary stora(e for data and pro(rams that are
bein( accessed by the CP-# R2M is volatile memory+ which means that the contents are
erased when the computer is powered off# The more R2M in a computer+ the more capacity
the computer has to hold and process lar(e pro(rams and files+ as well as enhance system
performance#
)arly computers had R2M installed in the motherboard as individual chips# The individual
memory chips+ called dual inline pac*a(e 9IP! chips+ was difficult to install and often
became loose on the motherboard# To solve this problem+ desi(ners soldered the memory
chips on a special circuit board called amemory mo!u"e#
849IMM!#
8mall 4utline 9ual Inline Memory Module
9ual Inline Memory Module 9IMM! R2M=us Inline Memory Module RIMM!
8IMMs have 0@5pin and %/5pin confi(urations# 9IMM is a circuit board that holds 89R2M+
99R 89R2M and 99R/ 89R2M#
The speed of memory has a direct impact on how much data a processor can process
because faster memory improves the performance of the processor# 2s processor speed
increases+ memory speed must also increase# >or example+ sin(le5channel memory is
capable of transferrin( data at D1 bits# 9ual5channel memory increases speed by usin( a
second channel of memory+ creatin( a data transfer rate of "/' bits#
9ouble 9ata Rate 99R! technolo(y doubles the maximum bandwidth of 89R2M# 99R/
offers faster performance while usin( less ener(y# 99R0 operates at even hi(her speeds
than 99R/. however+ none of these 99R technolo(ies are bac*ward5 or forward5compatible#
)ven with a wide and fast bus+ it still ta*es lon(er for data to (et from the memory card to the
CP- than it ta*es for the CP- to actually process the data# Cc$es are desi(ned to alleviate
this bottlenec* by ma*in( the data used most often by the CP- instantly available#
Registers are memory cells built ri(ht into the CP- that contain specific data needed by the
STORAE DRIES
8tora(e drives read or write information on ma(netic or optical stora(e media# The drive can
be used to store data permanently or to retrieve information from a media dis*# 8tora(e
drives can be installed inside the computer case+ such as a hard drive# >or portability+ some
stora(e drives can connect to the computer usin( a -8= port+ a >ireWire port+ or an 8C8I
port# These portable stora(e drives are sometimes referred to as removable drives and can
be used on multiple computers# <ere are some common types of stora(e drives, >loppy
Hr! Drive
permanent
drive stora(e
is usually for data# as
confi(ured In athe
Windows
C, drivecomputer+ the hard
and contains the
operatin( system and applications# The hard drive is often
confi(ured as the first drive in the boot se6uence# The stora(e
capacity of a hard drive is measured in billions of bytes+ or
(i(abytes $=!# The speed of a hard drive is measured in revolutions per minute RPM!#
Multiple hard drives can be added to increase stora(e capacity#
Traditional hard drives are ma(netic# Ma(netic hard drives have drive motors desi(ned to
spin ma(netic platters and the drive heads# In contrast+ the newer solid state drives 889s!
do not have movin( parts# =ecause there are no drive motors and movin( parts+ the 889
uses far less ener(y than the ma(netic hard drive# Non5volatile flash memory chips mana(e
all stora(e on an 889+ which results in faster access to data+ hi(her reliability+ and reduced
power usa(e# 889s have the same form factor as ma(netic hard drives and use 2T2 or
82T2 interfaces# 889s can be installed as a replacement for ma(netic drives#
Optic" Drive
2nopticaldriveisastora(edevicethatuseslaserstoread
dataontheopticalmedia#Therearethreetypesofoptical
drives,Compact9iscC9!+9i(italersatile9isc99!and
=lu5ray 9isc =9!#
<ard drives and optical drives are manufactured with different interfaces that are used to
connect the drive to the computer# To install a stora(e drive in a computer+ the connection
interface on the drive must be the same as the controller on the motherboard# <ere are
some common drive interfaces,
8elf5Chec* "#"
Direction* Match items on Column 2 with Column =# Write your answers on a separate
sheet of paper#
EEEEE0#Temporary stora(e for data and pro(rams that are bein( C# Read5only
accessedbytheCP-# memory
EEEEE1#2 stora(e device that uses lasers to read data on the 9# I9)
optical media#
EEEEE#2 stora(e device that uses removable 0#5inch dis*s# )# >loppy drive
EEEEED# 8oldered the memory chips on a special circuit board# ># Random access
memory
EEEEE%# 2 removable stora(e device that connects to a -8= port# $# 4ptical drive
EEEEE?# Memory cells built ri(ht into the CP- that contain I# <ard drive
specific data needed particularly the 2rithmetic and
Lo(ic -nit#
Count you num)er o# correct ns%er out o# t$e num)er o# memory mo!u"es t$t
your tec$er %i"" present*
Direction0 The teacher will show several types of stora(e drives and will as* students to
identify the type of stora(e device and its interface is presented#
-ERFORMANCE STAN.AR.S
"# Calculation needed to complete wor* tas*s is performed usin( the four
fundamentals operations addition+ subtractions+ multiplication and division!#
/# Numerical computation is self5chec*ed and corrected for accuracy#
Mateials
"# Wor*shop
/# Tables and Chairs
0# Computers
1# LC9
# 9ifferent types of Memory
D# 9ifferent types of 8tora(e 9evices
%# Paper
'# Pencil&=allpen
Pretest L4 /
/! If a "@ := file is stored i n a " M= folder+ then approximately how many files can be
stored in that folder;
Re! t$e In#ormtion S$eet 5*+ very %e"" t$en #in! out $o% muc$ you cn
remem)er n! $o% muc$ you "erne! )y !oing Se"#,c$ec( 5*+*
DIITA' REPRESENTATION
2 bit can have only two possible values+ a one di(it "! or
a Jero di(it @!# 2 bit can be used to represent the state of
somethin( that has two states# >or example+ a li(ht switch
can be either 4n or 4ff. in binary representation+ these
states would correspond to " and @+ respectively#
Computers use binary codes to represent and interpret letters+ numbers and special
characters with bits# 2 commonly used code is the 2merican 8tandard Code for Information
COMPUTER ()R*+)RE SERVICING $2
K to 12 – Technology and L!elhood Ed"caton
Interchan(e 28CII!# With 28CII+ each character is represented by a strin( of bits# >or
example,
Number, ? @@@@"@@"
)ach (roup of ei(ht bits+ such as the representations of letters and numbers+ is *nown as a
byte# Codes can be used to represent almost any type of information di(itally, computer
data+ (raphics+ photos+ voice+ video + and music#
To convert a decimal number to binary+ all you have to do is divide the number by /# $et the
6uotient and the remainder# =rin( down the 6uotient+ divide it by /+ and (et the 6uotient and
remainder a(ain# 9o it repeatedly until the 6uotient results to @# Copy the remainder from
bottom to top+ and that is the binary e6uivalent#
)xample, /
Ouotient Remainder
"/&/ D @
D&/ 0 @
"&/ @ "
/ ""@@"
"D'" /
While a bit is the smallest representation of data+ the most basic unit of di(ital stora(e is the
byte# 2 byte is ' bits and is the smallest unit of measure -4M! used to represent data
stora(e capacity#
When referrin( to stora(e space+ we use the terms bytes =!+ *ilobytes :=!+ me(abytes
M=!+ (i(abytes $=!+ and terabytes T=!#
In (eneral+ when somethin( is represented di(itally+ the (reater the detail+ the (reater the
number of bits needed to represent it# 2 low5resolution picture from a di(ital camera will use
around 0D@:=+ and a hi(h5resolution picture could use / M= or more#
:ilobytes+ me(abytes+ (i(abytes+ and terabytes are typically used to measure the siJe or
stora(e capacity of a device# )xamples of components and devices that use byte stora(e
include, random access memory R2M!+ hard dis* drive space+ C9s+ 99s+ and MP0
players#
C9s have a data stora(e capacity of approximately %@@ M=# 99s have a data stora(e
capacity of approximately 1#0 $= on a sin(le5layer disc+ and approximately '# $= on a
dual5layer disc# =9s have a stora(e capacity of / $= on a sin(le5layer disc+ and @ $= on
a dual5layer disc#
4nce we *now the siJe of a file or folder+ it is possible to determine the number of bytes
bein( used# >or example,
2 file is /@ := in siJe
8elf5Chec* /#"
Direction0 Convert the decimal numbers shown below to binary# Perform chec*in( to verify
answers#
"! "?
/! /'
0! 0%
"# <ow many D@ := Gp( files can be stored on a / M= folder in your hard drive;
Interprettion o# Scores
= 7 E>ce""ent
5 7 oo!
+ 7 Fir
6 7 Poor
REFERENCES
L4"
Ron $ilster+ PC Repir &enc$ &oo(* + Wiley Publishin( Inc#+
"@1% Crosspoint =oulevard+ Indianapolis+ IN 1D/D
=arry Press+ Marcia Press+ PC Upgr!e n! Repir &i)"e?
Des(top E!ition#+ Wiley Publishin( Inc#+ "@1% Crosspoint
=oulevard+ Indianapolis+ IN 1D/D
en#wi*ipedia#or(
L4 /
Ron $ilster+ PC Repir &enc$ &oo(* + Wiley Publishin( Inc#+
"@1% Crosspoint =oulevard+ Indianapolis+ IN 1D/D
=arry Press+ Marcia Press+ PC Upgr!e n! Repir &i)"e?
Des(top E!ition#+ Wiley Publishin( Inc#+ "@1% Crosspoint
=oulevard+ Indianapolis+ IN 1D/D
en#wi*ipedia#or(
LEARNING OUTCOMES:
At the end of this Lesson, you are
e!e"ted to do the fo##o$in%:
COMPUTER
()R*+)RE
SERVICING $'
K to 12 – Technology and L!elhood Ed"caton
Definition of Te!s
Dr%ing act or the art of representin( any obGect by means of lines and shades
F"o%c$rt a dia(ram that uses (raphic symbols to depict the nature and flow of the
steps in a process
Tree structure an al(orithm for placin( and locatin( files in an or(aniJed database
i!eo !isp"y
termin" a computer terminal havin( a video display that uses a cathode5ray tube#
A"on#!
-ERFORMANCE STAN.AR.S
Mateials
"# Wor*shop
/# Tables and Chairs
0# Computers
1# -8= >lash 9rive
# LC9
D# 9rawin( Tools
Pretest L4 "
2# Directions0 Match Column 2 with Column =# Write only the letter of the correct
answer on a searate sheet o! aer"
Co"umn &
Co"umn A
Re! In#ormtion S$eet +*+ very %e"" t$en #in! out $o% muc$ you cn
remem)er n! $o% muc$ you "erne! )y !oing Se"#,c$ec( +*+*
F"o%c$rt
2 flowchart is a dia(ram that uses (raphic symbols to depict the nature and flow of the
steps in a process# 2nother name for this tool is Sflow dia(ram#S
+* Termintor
5* Process
=* Su),process
4* Decision
2rrow lines drawn in one direction+ preferably from top to bottom+ *eep a flowchart clear#
2void arrow lines that loop because this could indicate redundancy in the business
process#
2t the be(innin( of your process improvement efforts+ an as-is flowchart helps your team
and others involved in the process to understand how it currently wor*s# The team may find it
helpful to compare this as5is flowchart with a dia(ram of the way the process is supposed to
wor*# Later+ the team will develop a flowchart of the modified process a(ain+ to record how it
actually functions# 2t some point+ your team may want to create an ideal flowchart to show
how you would ultimately li*e the process to be performed#
People may have differin( ideas about how a process wor*s# 2 flowchart can help you (ain
a(reement about the se6uence of steps# >lowcharts promote understandin( in a way that
written procedures cannot do# 4ne (ood flowchart can replace pa(es of words#
=ecause of the way they visually lay out the se6uence of process steps+ flowcharts can be
very helpful in trainin( employees to perform the process accordin( to standardiJed
procedures#
=* I!enti#y pro)"em res n! oppor tunities #or proc ess improvement*
4nce you brea* down the process steps and dia(ram them+ problem areas become more
visible# It is easy to spot opportunities for simplifyin( and refinin( your process by analyJin(
decision points+ redundant steps+ and rewor* loops#
The sym)o"s that are commonly used in flowcharts iew(raph 0! have speci#ic menings
and are connecte! )y rro%s in!icting t$e #"o% from one step to another,
+* Ov"* 4vals indicate both the startin( point and the endin( point of the process steps#
0# Dimon!* 2 diamond shows a decision point+ such as yes"no or go"no-go# )ach path
emer(in( from the diamond must be labeled with one of the possible answers#
1# Circ"e* 2 circle indicates that a particular step is connected to another pa(e or part of
the >lowchart# 2 letter placed in the circle clarifies the continuation#
Start
Process
Process NO es
#ecision
ES
Process
End
8elf5Chec* "#"
A* Directions0 Mtc$ Co"umn A %it$ Co"umn &* -rite on"y t$e "etter o# t$e correct
ns%er on seprte s$eet o# pper*
Co"umAn Co"um&n
c#
1# 8hows where an in5process measurement occurs
d#
e#
f#
Directions0 Using t$e )sic sym)o"s use! #or #"o%c$rt? m(e your o%n simp"e #"o%
c$rt to i""ustrte t$e process o# c"ening t$e computer prts n! perip$er"s proper"y*
Inc"u!e t$e given ctivities )e"o%*
$coring %u&rics
Preparaton of 4321
Flowcharts
-ERFORMANCE STAN.AR.S
"# 9imensions of the *ey features of the obGects are depicted in the drawin(
correctly identified#
/# 8ymbols used in the draw in( are identified and interpreted correctly#
0# 9rawin( is chec*ed and validated a(ainst Gob re6uirements or e6uipment in
accordance with standard operatin( procedures#
Mateials
"# Wor*shop
/# Tables and Chairs
0# Computers
1# -8= >lash 9rive
# LC9
D# 9rawin( Tools
Pretest L4 /
Begin
OPEN FILE
E!" E#O"
!
es
0.T 0. PIN$ BL!N% PIN$ N!&E
E.( LINE PIN$ S$EE$
PIN$ #I$'
E$
Re! t$e In#ormtion S$eet 5*+ very %e"" t$en #in! out $o% muc$ you cn
remem)er n! $o% muc$ you "erne! )y !oing Se"#,c$ec( 5*+*
2 >lowchart will help you understand your process and uncover ways to improve it only if
you use it to analyJe what is happenin(# Interpretin( your >lowchart will help
you to ,
#ottlenecks# These points in the process where it slows down may be caused by redundant
or unnecessary steps+ rewor*+ lac* of capacity+ or other factors#
$eak links# These are steps where problems occur because of inade6uate trainin( of
process wor*ers+ e6uipment that needs to be repaired or replaced+ or insufficient technical
documentation# SInform the drill leader and improviseS is one of the wea* lin*s#
%oorly defined steps# 8teps which are not well5defined may be interpreted and performed in
a different way by each person involved+ leadin( to process variation# SImproviseS is a poorly
defined step in the wea* lin* cited above#
Step 5 , E>mine ec$ !ecision sym)o" # 7ou may want to collect data on how often there
is a SyesS or SnoS answer at decision points mar*ed by a diamond shaped symbol# If most
decisions (o one way rather than the other+ you may be able to remove this decision point#
Step 4 , E>mine ec$ ctivity sym)o" # 9oes the step help build a key quality
characteristic into the end product; If not+ consider eliminatin( it#
Types o# #"o%c$rt
=esides the three levels of detail used to cate(oriJe >lowcharts+ there are three main
types of flowcharts namely + "iner? !ep"oyment? n! opportunity # The level of detail
can be depicted as macro+ mini+ or micro for each of these types#
"# 'iner F"o%c$rt# 2 linear flowchart is a dia(ram that displays the se6uence of
wor* steps that ma*e up a process# This tool can help identify rewor* and
redundant or unnecessary steps within a process#
+* De#ine t$e process to )e # "o%c$rte! + and the purpose for flowchartin( it#
5* Assem)"e t $e rig$t peop"e to develop the flowchartthose operators+ technicians+
or office wor*ers who are actually involved in the process#
=* Est)"is$ process )oun!ries the startin( and endin( points#
Identify the maGor activities or sub processes that are included in the process#
9etermine what is not included in the scope of the process to remove any
doubt or confusion about the boundaries# This may also help establish the
scope of related processes#
4* 'ist t$e step s? ct ivities? n! !ecisions to be charted# If your team is not sure
about a step+ mar* it to be investi(ated later#
8* Put t$e steps in c$ rono"ogic" se<uence # 8ometimes itKs easier to start with the
last step and wor* bac* to the first step#
;* Assign #"o%c$rt sym)o"s such as boxes+ diamonds+ and trian(les#
* Revie% n! tit"e the >lowchart#
Directions 0 2rran(e the followin( steps in developin( a flowchart # Put the number on a
separate sheet of paper#
EEEEEEEEEEEE9efine the process to be flowcharted+ and the purpose for flowchartin( it#
EEEEEEEEEEEE)stablish process boundaries 5 the startin( and endin( points#
EEEEEEEEEEEEList the steps+ activities+ and decisions to be charted# If your team is not
sure about a step+ mar* it to be investi(ated later#
Directions0 2nalyJe carefully the (iven tas* below, Wor* in a (roup members each! and
develop a flowchart based on the (iven situation below#
our ts(0
7ou are a member of a product assembly team in a (amin( machine manufacturer and
are loo*in( for ways of buildin( the product more efficiently# 7ou are as*ed to brea* down the
assembly process into a set of flowcharts+ showin( how sub5assemblies are made and then
built into the final product# Present your developed flowchart to the team leader#
Scoring Ru)rics0
7ou"#willClarity
be (raded accordin(
of your flowchartto,
/# Completeness
0# 2ccuracy
1# presentation
1" 3larity 2*
2" 3omleteness 2*
4" 'ccuracy 2*
Total 166
Interprettion o# Scores
97+66 E>ce""ent
:;79; eryoo!
8
7
:8 oo!
8+
7
8 Fir
86n!)e"o% Poor
L4"
http,&&machineshop#olin#edu&resources&documents&TechnicalA/@9rawin(A/ @5
A/@ClassA/@<andout#pdf
www#breeJetree#com&.
www#patton5patton#com&basicEflowEchartEsy#http,&&www#la*eland
www#tesda#(ov#ph
L4 /
www#edrawsoft#com&flowchart#php
http,&&www#eod#(vsu#edu&Ublaucha&c/d/&8tructuredA/@9esi(nA/@-sin(A/
@>lowcharts#pdf
L4 0
http,&&library#thin*6uest#or(&TO@0"/0'@&machine#htm
http,&&www#a(machine#com&xmmd10d#htm
LEARNING OUTCOMES:
At the end of this Lesson, you are
e!e"ted to do the fo##o$in%:
H@r! 2 situation that has the potential to harm the health and safety
of people#
and in order#
Ris( 2 potential condition that a chosen action or activity causes#
Ris( mngement The process of analyJin( exposure to ris* and mana(in( it#
A"on#!s
OSH 4ccupational safety and health
-ERFORMANCE STAN.AR.S
"# Wor*place haJards and ris*s are identified and clearly explained#
/# <aJards&ris*s and their corr espondin( indicators are identified in accordance
with the company procedures#
0# Contin(ency measures are reco(niJed and established in accordance with
or(aniJational procedures#
Mateials
"# Wor*place
/# Personal protective e6uipment PP)!
0# Learnin( (uides
1# <and5outs
- 4r(aniJational safety and health protocol
- 8
- <aJards&ris* identification and control
# C9Fs+ <8 tapes+ transparencies
Pretest L4 "
A* Directions0 Identify the type of haJards# Match Column 2 with Column =# Write only
the letter of each correct answer on a separate sheet of paper#
Co"umn A Co"umn &
"# EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE
)xample , EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE
/# EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE
)xample , EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE
0# EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE
)xample , EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE
1# EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE
)xample , EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE
# EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE
)xample , EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE
Re! In#ormtion S$eet +*+ very %e"" t$en #in! out $o% muc$ you cn remem)er
n! $o% muc$ you "erne! )y !oing Se"#,c$ec( +*+*
Occuption" s#ety n! $e"t$ .OSH/ is a planned system of wor*in( to prevent illness
and inGury where you wor* by reco(niJin( and identifyin( haJards and ris*s# <ealth and
safety procedure is the responsibility of all persons in the computer and technolo(y
industries* 7ou must identify the haJards where you are wor*in( and decide how dan(erous
they are# )liminate the haJard or modify the ris* that it presents# This Module is intended to
(ive you some (uidelines and advice on common areas of health and safety problems in the
computer industry and to help you (ain a (eneral awareness of your responsibilities as user
and technician in a safe environment#
There are three steps used to mana(e health and safety at wor*,
2t wor* you can use these three Thin* 8afe steps to help prevent accidents#
1ey Point
2 haJard is anythin( that could hurt you or someone
else#
1ey Point
2lways tell someone your employer+ your supervisor or your health and safety
representative! about haJards you canKt fix yourself+ especially if the haJard could cause
serious harm to anyone#
>or example,
2s* your supervisor for instructions and trainin( before usin( e6uipment#
2s* for help movin( or liftin( heavy obGects#
Tell your supervisor if you thin* a wor* practice could be dan(erous#
If you are not sure of the safest way to do somethin( durin( wor* experience+ always as*
your wor* experience supervisor#
1ey Point
It is your employerKs responsibility to fix haJards# 8ometimes you may be able to fix simple
haJards yourself+ as lon( as you donKt put yourself or others at ris*# >or example+ you can
pic* up thin(s from the floor and put them away to eliminate a trip haJard#
2 haJard is a situation in the wor*place that has the potential to harm the health and safety
of people or to dama(e plant and e6uipment# The situation could involve a tas*+ chemical or
e6uipment used# <aJard mana(ement is a continuous process that can be used to improve
the health and safety of all wor*places#
Physical Hazards
4neofthemostcommonphysicalhaJardsinvolvin(
computertechniciansiscablesrunnin(acrossthefloor# If
someone trips+ falls+ and hurtshimselfbecause ofacable
Ph-sical ha,ards
you ran across the floor+ someone you+ your employer+ or
yourcustomer!hasaseriousle(alne(li(enceproblem#If
>or cables that are temporary but will need to run across the floor for a lon(er period of time+
use S(affers tapeS# $affers tape is a heavy tape with stron( adhesive to stic* to the floor# It
comes in a wide ran(e of colors+ from unintrusive matte blac* to haJard warn in( red#
2lthou(h it has stron( adhesive+ it can be removed easily and cleanly#
>or lon( term cable routin( there is a wide variety of cable or(aniJin( devices li*e cable ties+
cable wraps+ and cable raceways which can be used to run cable safely alon( the wall or
ceilin(#
4ther common physical haJards include leavin( tools on top of ladders and placin(
electronic e6uipment in precarious positions or on support that is not sturdy enou(h or not
desi(ned for holdin( electronic e6uipment#
-echanical Hazards
7ou mi(ht move your hand past a computer chassis and lose a chun* of flesh because it is
raJor sharp# When wor*in( on electronic e6uipment always be alert to any possibility of
bein( hurt by movin( parts+ hot components+ or sharp ed(es#
Chemical Hazards
If you must wor* inside a line power distribution box+ wear an electricianFs rubber insulated
(loves and safety (lasses# 7ou mi(ht thin* you donKt need these safety devices because you
are (oin( to be extra careful+ but one little slip could cause a flamin( explosion that could
ta*e off your hand+ embed shrapnel in your eyes+ or conduct electricity throu(h your heart+
where it ta*es only "@ milliamps @#@"! to *ill a human#
A* Direction0 Read carefully each statement below# Place T on the line if the statement is
TRUE# Place F if the statement is FA'SE#
EEEEE "# <ealth and safety procedure is the responsibility of all persons in the computer
and technolo(y industries*
EEEEEE /# 8pottin( the haJards means wor*in( out how li*ely it is that a haJard will harm
someone and how serious the harm could be#
EEEEEE 0# If you need to temporarily run a cable across the floor+ place a &anger si(n similar
to those Swet floorS si(ns used by cleanin( services#
EEEEEE 1# 2n LC9 monitor has a hi(h5volta(e anode inside it+ which can carry a char(e of
up to /+@@@ volts+ and it can still be holdin( a hi(h char(e days after the power is removed#
EEEEEE # In*Get printer cartrid(es+ or laser printer toner cartrid(es are haJardous to users#
A* Direction0 An"y@e t$e given ts( )e"o% n! ns%er t$e %or(s$eet t$t #o""o%s*
Task'
"# Choose an industry or type of wor*place e#(# computer laboratory+ computer
manufacturin(+ or a computer shop#
/# Ma*e a list of haJa rds that may be pr esent in tha t wor*place e#(# sl ippery floors from
spilt water+ oil etc. uneven floors from chan(in( floor level# -se the Table below#
0# 9escribe the ris*s#
1# Write down ways to control the ris*s#
SpottheHazard ssessthe.isk
2 <aJard is anythin( that could hurt you Wor* out how li*ely it is that the haJard will
orsomeone else hurtsomeone andhowbadlyhe&she could be
hurt
ListthehaJards 9escribetheris*s
Scoring Ru)rics
Criteria 1 0 / "
"#Numberof 1haJardsor 0haJards /haJards "haJard
haJards more
/#9escription <aJards 2llhaJards 2llhaJards <aJardnot
of Ris*s completely and completely and completely completely+
accurately accurately but described but accurately and
assessed not clearly not accurately clearly
and clearly described
0#8u((ested Complete and Complete+ Complete+ not Not so
ways of doablepractical correctbut not very correct+ not complete+ not
controllin( ! and correct very practical very practical correct+ not
haJards practical
Ma*e a list of haJards that may be present in your own home when operatin( a
personal computer# $ive the possible ris* of the said haJards#
H@r!st$ome%$enoperting Ris(
computer
8*
+*
5*
=*
4*
COMPUTER ()R*+)RE SERVICING '$
K to 12 – Technology and L!elhood Ed"caton
What Do You Need To $now?
Re! t$e In#ormtion S$eet +*5 very %e"" t$en #in! out $o% muc$ you cn
remem)er n! $o% muc$ you "erne! )y !oing Se"#,c$ec( +*5*
7ou wor* with documents+ presentations+ (raphics+ and other files all dayand chances are+
you have a lot of them# 2nd that means it ta*es time to find the documents you need# )ven if
it is Gust a couple of minutes here+ and a couple of minutes there+ it all adds up#
=ut there is a better way to stop the file clutter
by mana(in( your files more effectively#
9i(ital files are no different than paper files+
and if you donKt have a (ood method of
or(aniJation+ thin(s (et lost#
.s
hard drive or a shared networ* location+ this
course will help you save time and headache
of searchin( for files !ppl- on
The purpose of this instruction is to help you
apply 8 concepts to the hard drive of your -o+r co*p+ter
computer resultin( in an increase to your daily
productivity+ better or(aniJation of your
computer+ and further compliance with the
4ffice 8 initiative# We will cover the followin(
topics as they relate to your hard drive,
8 provides the foundation for all 6uality improvement pro(rams# Thus+ it is often said that
the road to productivity starts with 8 and throu(h 8 you can create a hi(hly productive
company with hi(hly productive people# 8 is not only a matter of (ood house*eepin(# It is a
process to create more productive people and more productive companies throu(h
motivation+ education+ and the practice of 8# It involves the creation of a stron( corporate
culture filled with the spirit filled with the spirit of hi(h productivity#
"# Seiri 8ortin(&Puttin( thin(s in order Remove&discard what is not needed so that
there are fewer haJards and less clutter to interfere with wor*# 4nly *eep what is
needed#!
/# Seiton 4rderliness&Proper 2rran(ement Place thin(s in such a way that they can be
easily reached whenever they are needed# SThere must be a place for everythin(+
and everythin( must be in its place#S!
COMPUTER ()R*+)RE SERVICING '%
K to 12 – Technology and L!elhood Ed"caton
0# Seiso Clean&cleanliness# :eep wor*place and thin(s clean and polished. no trash or
dirt in the wor*place!
1# Seiketsu 8tandardiJe&Purity Maintain cleanliness after cleanin(+ consistently5
perpetual cleanin(# 8uch cleanin( is part of every oneKs wor*#!
# Shitsuke 8ustainin(&discipline&commitment Maintain standards and *eep the facility
in safe and efficient order day after day+ year after year#!
ItFs not unusual for you to see a computer des*top on your classmateFs des* that
loo*s somethin( li*e this,
7ou may have seen even worse# :eepin( your des*top so cluttered li*e this creates
many problems such as,
>iles+ folders+ and application shortcuts are (rouped to(ether without any lo(ical
separation#
7ou donFt *now immediately where to place new files downloaded files+ attachments+
temporary wor*in( documents+ etc!
When the des*top (ets too full+ you waste time cleanin( temporary&downloaded files#
If you are only bac*in( up My 9ocuments+ items on the 9es*top may be s*ipped#
<ow can you ma*e sure that the above problems will not be encountered;
2 tree structure is an al(orithm for placin( and locatin( files in an or(aniJed database# The
al(orithm finds data by repeatedly ma*in( choices at decision points called nodes# 2 node
can have as few as two branches also called children!+ or as many as several doJen#
In a tree+ records are stored in locations called leaves# This name derives from the fact that
records always exist at end points. there is nothin( beyond them#
The folder names do not necessarily tell the user what is inside them+ ma*in( it difficult for
yourself and others to find# 2lso+ the folders that are inside donFt necessarily belon( there or
fit with the other files#
Tired of icon clutter on your des*top; 8ure+ you can or(aniJe your des*top shortcuts+
pro(rams+ folders+ and the li*e by dra((in( and droppin(+ but eventually some (ame or other
screen resolution5chan(in( app will undo all your hard wor*#
7our des*top is the first thin( you see when you start your computer# This should be the
most or(aniJed part of your electronic wor*space# =ut what if your des*top loo*s li*e this;
What will be the impressions of your classmates;
The 9es*top offers many features that ma*e usin( your computer easier# 7ou can easily
start pro(rams or applications+ copy and move files from one place to another and dra( and
drop files and pro(ram where you want them on the computer or even on to a pro(ramKs icon
to open a file#
Numerous studies have shown that your environment affects your productivity+ and that even
somethin( as simple as color can influence your memory or creativity# 8ince most of our
wor* now is done in the di(ital realm+ it stands to reason that your des*top environment can
play an important role in your productivity#
7our computerKs des*top is a startin( point for your entire computin( experience+ butli*e
anythin( else if you let it (et u(ly and messy your productivity will ta*e a dive# <ereKs how to
desi(n and create an attractive des*top with built5in or(aniJation to *eep your wor*space
nice+ clean+ and productive with minimal effort#
Arc
else$ive 5 Put completed
you mi(ht proGects+
want to loo* at a(ain(eneral
in here reference items+ and anythin(
Tip0 =y placin( the underscore in front of the name of the file folder+ it will force the
folder to display at the top of the list in My 9ocuments#
/# Now move all relevant files from your des*top into these folders# If you have a
lar(e number of files+ you can move everythin( into the HInbox folder and
or(aniJe it later#
Directions0 Match the 8 principle that is needed or depicted in the followin( pictures#
Co"umAn Co"um&n
"#8eiton b#
/#8eiri a#
c#
1# 8eiso d#
7lease !ollow
our 3omuter
La&oratory
# 8hitsu*e
e#
!"
Directions0 4r(aniJe your des*top# Name the folders below and or(aniJe your own des*top
by sortin( the (iven files accordin(ly#
5" *"
Scoring Ru)rics
-ERFORMANCE STAN.AR.S
Mateials
"# Wor*place
/# Personal protective e6uipment PP)!
0# Learnin( (uides
1# <and5outs
- 4r(aniJational safety and health protocol
- 8
- <aJards&ris* identification and control
Pretest L4 /
Direction0 Read each statement below carefully# PlaceT on the line+ if you thin* a
statement is TRUE# Place F? if you thin* the statement is FA'SE#
EEEEE "# 7our *nees should be bent at a comfortable an(le and (reater than ?@ de(rees
flexion when sittin( in front of a computer#
EEEEE /# 2 well desi(ned mouse should not cause undue pressure on the wrist and
forehead muscles#
EEEEE 0# 8et the eye to screen distance that permits you to most easily focus on the screen#
EEEEE 1# Chan(in( posture at fre6uent intervals maximiJes fati(ue when usin( a computer#
EEEEE # Place the *eyboard in a position that allows the forearms to be close to the
horiJontal and the wrists to be strai(ht#
EEEEE D# It is recommended that operators avoid spendin( more than five hours a day on
*eyboard duties and no lon(er than @ minutes per hour without a postural&stretchin( brea*#
EEEEE %# To detect whether there are reflections from the des* surface+ the wor*er should
hold the boo* below the surface and assess the chan(e in reflected (lare from the screen#
EEEEE '# "@+@@@ 5 "/+@@@ *eystro*es per hour is considered an acceptable standard in
typin(#
EEEEE "@# The solution is to increase the refresh rate of the monitor to at least %hJ#
Re! t$e In#ormtion S$eet 5*+ very %e"" t$en #in! out $o% muc$ you cn
remem)er n! $o% muc$ you "erne! )y !oing Se"#,c$ec( 5*+*
There are various health problems associated with the re(ular use of computers+ such as
stress+ eyestrain+ and inGuries to the wrists+ nec*+ and bac*#
)mployers must ta*e steps to protect employees whose wor* involves the re(ular use of
computers#
Computer er(onomics is the discipline of matchin( the tas* to the wor*er usin( the most
appropriate e6uipment to optimiJe human well5bein( and overall performance#
This can be simplified to HModify the wor*place+ not the individualS#
C$ir
1ey)or! p"cement
Screen p"cement
8et the eye to screen at the distance that permits you to most easily focus on the screen#
-sually+ this will be within an armKs len(th# 8et the hei(ht of the monitor so that the top of the
screen is below eye level and the bottom of the screen can be read without a mar*ed
inclination of the head# -sually+ this means that the center of the screen will need to be near
shoulder hei(ht# )yes must be level with the tool bar# People who wear bifocal or multi5focal
lenses will need to (et a balance between where they see out of their lenses and avoid too
much nec* flexion#
Des(,top "yout
Place all controls and tas* materials within a comfortable reach of both hands so that there is
no unnecessary twistin( of any part of the body# Most people prefer the document holder to
be between the *eyboard and the monitor# There are many different types of document
holders available#
'ig$ting
Place the monitor to the side of the li(ht source&s+ not directly underneath# Try to site des*s
between rows of li(hts# If the li(htin( is fluorescent strip li(htin(+ the sides of the des*s
should be parallel with the li(hts# Try not to put the screen near a window# If it is unavoidable+
ensure that neither the screen nor the operator faces the window# The solution is to increase
the refresh rate of the monitor to at least %hJ#
If the monitor is well away from windows+ there are no other sources of bri(ht li(ht and
prolon(ed des*5wor* is the norm+ use a low level of service li(ht of 0@@ lux# If there are
stron(ly contrastin( li(ht levels+ then a moderate level of li(htin( of 1@@ 5 @@ lux may be
desirable#
It is important to detect the presence of (lare and reflection# To determine whether there is
(lare from overhead li(hts whilst seated wor*er should hold an obGect such as a boo* above
the eyes at eyebrow level and establish whether the screen ima(e becomes clearer in the
absence of overhead (lare# To detect whether there are reflections from the des* surface+
the wor*er should hold the boo* above the surface and assess the chan(e in reflected (lare
from the screen#
Using mouse
Typing tec$ni<ue
Typin( is a physical activity+ and usin( a *eyboard re6uires s*ill+ hence the need to learn
correct typin( techni6ue# -ns*illed Khunt and pec*K! typists are particularly at ris* of
4ccupational 4veruse InGury because they,
often use only one or two fin(ers which may overload the fin(er tendons.
are constantly loo*in( from *eyboard to screen to *eyboard+ which may strain nec*
muscles.
often adopt a tense posture wrists bent bac* and fin(ers Kpoised to stri*eK!#
Spee! o# (eying
The efficiency and speed of modern computers ma*es it possible for a s*illed operator to
type extremely 6uic*ly# This capability+ reinforced by wor*load pressures means the potential
exists for operators to *ey at speeds which may cause or contribute to 4ccupational
4veruse 8yndrome#
The role of the repetitive movement in inGury is not fully understood+ but is believed to
interfere with the lubrication capacity of tendons+ and the ability of muscles to receive
sufficient oxy(en supplies# "@+@@@ 5 "/+@@@ *eystro*es per hour is considered an acceptable
standard#
The maintenance of a fixed posture for lon( periods is tirin( and increases the li*elihood of
muscular aches and pains# In addition+ lon( periods of repetitive movement and sustained
visual attention can also (ive rise to fati(ue5related complaints#
It is recommended that operators avoid spendin( more than five hours a day on *eyboard
duties and no lon(er than @ minutes per hour without a postural&stretchin( brea*#
POINTS TO REMEM&ER
ie%ing !istnce0 The monitor should be / 3/V feet from the childFs eyes#
Time t computer0 )ncoura(e children to use their physical ener(y#
Set n! $eig$ t posture0 The child should sit hi(h enou(h to have his
arms bent at ?@
Footrest0 -se it prevent dan(lin( feet#
Mouse0 >ind one that fits small hands#
1ey)or!0 Child5siJed *eyboards with li(ht pressure *eyin( are
recommended#
8elf5Chec* /#"
Direction0 Read each statement below carefully# PlaceT on the line+ if you thin* a
statement is TRUE# Place F? if you thin* the statement is FA'SE#
EEEEE "# 7our *nees should be bent at a comfortable an(le and (reater than ?@ de(rees
flexion when sittin( in front of a computer#
EEEEE /# 2 well5desi(ned mouse should not cause undue pressure on the waist and
forehead muscles#
EEEEE 0# 8et the eye to screen at a distance that permits you to most easily focus on
the screen#
EEEEE 1# Chan(in( posture at fre6uent intervals maximiJes fati(ue when usin( a computer#
EEEEE # Place the *eyboard in a position that allows the forearms to be close to the
horiJontal and the wrists to be strai(ht#
EEEEE D# It is recommended that operators avoid spendin( more than five hours a day on
*eyboard duties and no lon(er than @ minutes per hour without a postural&stretchin( brea*#
EEEEE %# To detect whether there are reflections from the des* surface+ the wor*er should
hold the boo* below the surface and assess the chan(e in reflected (lare from the screen#
EEEEE '# "@+@@@ 5 "/+@@@ *eystro*es per hour is considered an acceptable standard in
typin(#
EEEEE "@# The solution is to increase the refresh rate of the monitor to at least %hJ#
Directions0 Revie% the <aJard )valuation sample exercise with the class# )xplain that
there is personal Gud(ment involved in evaluatin( haJards# >or example+ a lar(e bul*y mouse
may *eep the wrist continuously bent at an uncomfortable an(le#
Ans%er $n!out + for an individual learnin( activity# 2s* students to choose one Gob either
computer technician or computer pro(rammer! or activity at wor* or at home# List potential 2+
= and C type $@r!s on computer ergonomics for the Gob or activity on the wor*sheet
and (ive reasons for the type of haJard#
HAARDS EA'UATION
H@rA
! H@r&
! H@rC
!
!c0it- 4 3 2 1
-ERFORMANCE STAN.AR.S
"# 4<8 procedures for controllin( haJards and ris* are strictly followed#
/# Procedures in dealin( with wor*place accidents+ fire and emer(encies are
followed in accordance with the or(aniJationFs 48< policies#
#
Mateials
"# Wor*place
/# Personal protective e6uipment PP)!
0# Learnin( (uides
1# <and5outs
- 4r(aniJational safety and health protocol
- 8
- <aJards&ris* identification and control
Pretest L4 0
A* Directions0 List down at least five ways to control haJards in the computer wor*
place
"# EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE
/# EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE
0# EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE
1# EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE
# EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE
&* Directions0 Read each statement below carefully# Place T on the line+ if you thin*
the statement is TRUE# Place F if you thin* the statement is FA'SE#
EEEEE "# The ri(ht li(htin( can reduce eyestrain+ nec* strain+ and headaches#
EEEEE
your /# When you type+ hold your fin(ers+ wrists+ and lower arms in a strai(ht line from
*eyboard#
EEEEE 0# The computer des* should be deep enou(h to support your arms when you
wor* at the computer#
EEEEE 1# When usin( a computer+ *eep your feet flat on the floor and your *nees sli(htly
lower than your thi(hs#
Re! t$e In#ormtion S$eet =*+ very %e"" t$en #in! out $o% muc$ you cn
remem)er n! $o% muc$ you "erne! )y !oing Se"#,c$ec( =*+*
2ll wor*place haJards chemical+ physical+ etc#! can be controlled by a variety of methods#
The (oal of controllin( haJards is to prevent %or(ers #rom )eing e>pose! to
occuption" $@r!s# 8ome methods of haJard control are more efficient than others+ but
a combination of methods usually provides a safer wor*place than relyin( on only one
method# 8ome methods of control are cheaper than others but may not provide the most
effective way to reduce exposures#
The most effective method of controllin( haJards is to control at the source by eliminatin( the
haJard or by substitutin( a haJardous a(ent or wor* process with a less dan(erous one#
=efore thin*in( about what control measures are needed+ first you need to *now whether
there are health and safety problems in your wor*place+
and if so+ what they are#
<ere are some of the ways you can identify health and
safety problems,
4nce you reco(niJe a haJard+ then you can determine which measure will correct the
problem most effectively# $enerally+ there are five maGor cate(ories of control measures,
elimination+ substitution+ en(ineerin( controls+ administrative controls+ and personal
protective e6uipment# )liminatin( a haJard means removin( it completely. substitution is
.emem1er+ it is always better to control the haard as close to the source as possible.
sing personal protection is the least acceptable and least effective of all control measures.
Met$o!s o# Contro"
$limination
It is important to consider the wor*erFs health and safety when wor* processes are still in the
plannin( sta(e# >or example+ when purchasin( machines+ safety should be the first concern+
not cost# Machines should conform to national safety standards# They should be !esigne!
with the correct (uard on them to eliminate the dan(er of a wor*er (ettin( cau(ht in the
machine while usin( it# Machines that are not produced with the proper (uards on them may
cost less to purchase+ but cost more in terms of accidents+ loss of production+ compensation+
etc# -nfortunately+ many used machines that do not meet safety standards are exported to
developin( countries+ causin( wor*ers to pay the price with accidents+ hearin( loss from
noise+ etc#
%eep
(hat is meant 1y elimination)
)limination is the process of removin( the haJard from the wor*place# It is the most effective
way to control a ris* because the haJard is no lon(er present# It is the preferred way to
control a haJard and should be used whenever possible#
Safet- First
8ubstitution occurs when a new chemical or substance is used instead of another chemical# It is
sometimes (rouped with elimination because+ in effect+ you are removin( the first
substance or haJard from the wor*place# The (oal+
obviously+ is to choose a new chemical that is less
haJardous than the ori(inal#
oo! House(eeping
Emergency Prepre!ness
=ein( prepared for emer(encies means ma*in( sure that the necessary e6uipment and
supplies are readily available and that employees *now what to do when somethin(
unplanned happens such as a release+ spill+ fire+ or inGury# These procedures should be
written and employees should have the opportunity to practice their emer(ency response
s*ills re(ularly#
(hat should I kno& a1out personal protective e%uipment 2PP$3 as a hazard control
method)
Personal protective e6uipment PP)! includes items such as respirators+ protective clothin(
such as (loves+ face shields+ eye protection+ and footwear that serve to provide a barrier
between the wearer and the chemical or material#
It is the final item on the list for a very (ood reason# Personal protective e6uipment should
never be the only method used to reduce exposure except under very specific circumstances
because PP) may SfailS stop protectin( the wor*er! with little or no warnin(# >or example,
Sbrea*throu(hS can occur with (loves+ clothin(+ and respirator cartrid(es#
(hy is it important to monitor and revie& your hazard control program and methods)
It is important to monitor both the haJard and the control method to ma*e sure that the
control is wor*in( effectively and that exposure to the haJard is reduced or eliminated#
"ont Forget
=e sure to answer the followin( 6uestions,
The wor*place can be a dan(erous place if various safety procedures are not properly
considered# 8ome precautions which can be ta*en to reduce
the ris* of accidents are,
+* The ri(ht li(htin( can reduce eyestrain+ nec* strain+ and headaches# 8unli(ht is the
best li(ht+ but ma*e sure it doesnKt create (lare on your computer screen#
5* The proper des* will let you find the perfect wor*in( position# It should be deep
enou(h to support your arms when you wor* at the computer#
=* Place your computer screen at eye5level or Gust below# >or optimal comfort+ set it
about 1 cm "' in#! from your face#
4* 8it up strai(ht in your chair# :eep your feet flat on the floor and your *nees sli(htly
lower than your thi(hs#
8* Choose an office tas* chair that lets you tilt forward to reach obGects in front of you
and bac*ward to stretch your arms when youKre tired#
;* When you type+ hold your fin(ers+ wrists+ and lower arms in a strai(ht line from
your *eyboard#
* :eep e6uipment that you use a lot+ li*e your telephone and computer *eyboard+
within a distance of about % cm 0@ in#! when youKre sittin( at your des*# :eep other
stora(e and e6uipment farther away# This encoura(es you to chan(e wor*in(
positions durin( the day#
Points to remem)er
8elf5Chec* 0#"
Directions0 8earch for the ten "@! different methods used to control haJards and ris*s#
)ncircle the word& words vertically+ horiJontally+ bac*ward+ upward or downward*
E' IM I N T ION TE A A 4
AADED F H I D M S O
T R T U I O P A & C E D O
SEAS F 4 H1T 4 T F D
SDASEDOERACNHH
T RAININ 4 F F O O O H O
T AIKE T 4 S I I D L U
T A A F F F F&TEH T S 1 S
A OEE D UI I&H NA F ' E
N I O PSATD F H C 4 K 1
A N A T I S AS E R TUS C E
URE& O C O ' ' E D A E
A E O U R O NA' D A EC & P
NASIA 4 H 1 ' I O ' O N I
CNENA - HAARDSMN
I A - E I N M ' -E U I F 4
T RIS1 - B A N A - I N N E
- E O ACR A M I ' O A H A
Directions 0 2s* students to wor* in small (roups /51 persons! and thin* about specific+
possible computer laboratory or classroom haJards that could fall into the cate(ories listed in
handout below. 2llow "@ minutes#
9ebrief the activity in a lar(e (roup by as*in( the students what they thou(ht mi(ht be
haJards# Write their responses on the left side of a flipchart# 2s* the students to speculate
about the *ind of inGuries that could result from each haJard and write these on the ri(ht side
of the flipchart#
Ma*e su((estions that will control the ris* and haJards identified into an innovative and
creative way li*e poster+ brochure+ and leaflets or throu(h a >aceboo* >un Pa(e#
!c0it- 4 3 2 1
7our Task'
Thin* about what your first next! Gob mi(ht be in the future#
In your mind ma*e a picture of how your wor*place loo*s li*e#
Thin* about how you could answer the followin( 6uestions#
Buestions Situtions
L4"
=ahr+ N# B#+ H8ystem 8afety )n(ineerin( and Ris* 2ssessment,
2 Practical 2pproach+ Taylor and >rancis+ "??%
http,&&www#austlii#edu#au
L4 /
http,&&www#michi(an#(ov&documents&15pub/@%ED@%0%E%#pdf
http,&&www#empf#or(&empfasis&au(@1&prop#htm
L4 0
http,&&www#la*eland#cc#il#us&
http,&&www#waset#or(&Gournals&waset&v1'&v1'5%D#pdf
http,&&www#lean*aiJen#co#u*&s5your5computer#htm
'ESSON +
'O+ AND 'O5 P'AN AND PREPARE FOR TAS1S TO &E UNDERTA1EN AND
PREPARE HAND TOO'S
PRETEST
A*
"# True
/# True
0# >alse
1# True
# >alse
D# True
&*
SE'F,CHEC1
A*
"# True
/# True
0# >alse
1# True
# >alse
D# True
&*
/#
0# >lat <ead 8crewdriver
>lashli(ht
1# Lint5free Cloth
# Multimeter
D# 2ntistatic Mat
%# Philips <ead 8crewdriver
'# Part Retriever
?# Compressed 2ir
PRETEST
"# e6ualiJe
/# cloc*wise
0# countercloc*wise
1# philips
# insulator
D# four#
%# lead
'# distilled
?# isopropyl
"@# hex driver
SE'F,CHEC1
A*
&*
COMPONENTSTOC'EAN C'EAN-ITH0
Computer case and outside Mild cleanin( solution and lint free cloth sample!
monitor
:eyboard Compresse! ir n! )rus$
PRETEST
"# True
/# True
0# True
1# True
# True
D# True
%# True
'# True
SE'F,CHEC1
"# Tools and parts are *ept in (ood condition and are easy to find
/# Costs are reduced
0# Productivity is increased because time is not lost loo*in( for tools+ parts and
e6uipment
1# Wor*shop staff develop a sense of responsibility and pride in their wor*
'ESSON 5
'O+* SE'ECT COMPONENTS TO &E MEASURED
PRETEST
"# C
/# I
0# 9
1# >
# $
D# )
%# B
'# =
?# 2
"@# <
"# I
/# 9
0# >
1# $
# )
D# B
%# =
'# C
?# 2
"@# <
PRETEST
Ouotient Remainder
"1&/ % @
%&/ 0 "
0&/ " "
"&/ @ "
Ans%er0 +4 +++6
Chec*in(, " " " @ multiplier
'1/ "1
/! If a "@ := file is stored i n a " M= folder+ then approximately how many files can be
stored in that folder;
Convert the decimal numbers shown below to binary# Perform chec*in( to verify answers#
"! "?
Ouotient Remainder
"?&/ ? "
?&/ 1 "
1&/ / @
/&/ " @
"
Ans%er0 +9 +66++
Chec*in(, " @ @ " " multiplier
"D ' 1 / " e6uivalents
"D / " "?
/! /'
Ouotient Remainder
/'&/ "1 @
"1&/ % @
%&/ 0 "
0&/ " "
"
Ans%er0 5: +++66
Chec*in(, " " " @ @ multiplier
"D ' 1 / " e6uivalents
"D ' 1 /'
0! 0%
Ouotient Remainder
0%&/ "' "
"'&/ ? @
?&/ 1 "
1&/ / @
/&/ " @
"
Ans%er0 +9 +66+6+
Chec*in(, " @ @ " @ " multiplier
0/ "D ' 1 / " e6uivalents
0/ 1 " 0%
PRETEST
"# e
/# a
0# d
1# c
# b
SE'F,CHEC1
"# b
/# a
0# d
1# c
# e
PRETEST
SE'F,CHEC1
"# /
/# "
0#
1# D
# 0
D# 1
'ESSON 4
'O+* IDENTIF HAARDS AND RIS1S*
PRESTEST
A*
"# b
/# a
0# d
1# c
# e
&*
"# seiri
)xample , answer may vary
/# seiton
0# seiso
)xample , answer may vary
1# sei*etsu
)xample , answer may vary
# 8hitsu*e
)xample , answer may vary
SE'F,CHEC1 +*+
A*
"# T
/# >
0# T
1# >
# T
&*
SE'F,CHEC1 +*5
"# b#
/# a#
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E ' I MI N T ION 4
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RIS1
This Learnin( Module on Computer Hr!%re Servicing was developed by the followin(
personnel,
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RONA'DO*RAMI'O DEOERM*PASCO
9ivision ICT Coordinator ICT Coordinator
Tanauan City 9ivision Ta(um National Trade 8chool
Tanauan City 5 Re(ion I52 CalabarJon Ta(um+ 9avao del Norte 5 Re(ion XI
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EMMANUE'*DIONISIO 'M-E'P*'OPE
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