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Power Quality
Power Quality
COURSE PLANNER
I. COURSEOVERVIEW:
The main objective of this subject is to understand and to know the following concepts:
To analyze the Power Quality problem apply the techniques to mitigate them.
To analyze different National and International standards related to power quality.
II. PREREQUISITES:
III. COURSEOBJECTIVES:
At the end of the course, the students will be able to:
Understand the basic principles of all measuring instruments
Deal with the measurement of voltage, current, Power factor, power, energy and
Magnetic measurements.
VII. SYLLABUS:
JNTUH SYLLABUS
UNIT – I
Introduction: Introduction of the Power Quality (PQ) problem, Terms used in PQ: Voltage, Sag, Swell,
Surges, Harmonics, over voltages, spikes, Voltage fluctuations, Transients, Interruption, overview of
power quality phenomenon, Remedies to improve power quality, power quality monitoring.
UNIT - II
Long & Short Interruptions: Interruptions – Definition – Difference between failures, outage,
Interruptions – causes of Long Interruptions – Origin of Interruptions – Limits for the Interruption
frequency – Limits for the interruption duration – costs of Interruption – Overview of Reliability
evaluation to power quality, comparison of observations and reliability evaluation.
Short Interruptions: definition, origin of short interruptions, basic principle, fuse saving, voltage
magnitude events due to re-closing, voltage during the interruption, monitoring of short interruptions,
difference between medium and low voltage systems. Multiple events, single phase tripping – voltage
and current during fault period, voltage and current at post fault period, stochastic prediction of short
interruptions.
UNIT – III
Single and Three Phase Voltage Sag Characterization: Voltage sag – definition, causes of voltage sag,
voltage sag magnitude, and monitoring, theoretical calculation of voltage sag magnitude, voltage sag
calculation in non-radial systems, meshed systems, and voltage sag duration.
Three phase faults: phase angle jumps, magnitude and phase angle jumps for three phase unbalanced
sags, load influence on voltage sags.
UNIT - IV
Power Quality Considerations In Industrial Power Systems: Voltage sag – equipment behavior of Power
electronic loads, induction motors, synchronous motors, computers, consumer electronics, adjustable
speed AC drives and its operation. Mitigation of AC Drives, adjustable speed DC drives and its operation,
mitigation methods of DC drives.
UNIT - V
Mitigation of Interruptions & Voltage Sags: Overview of mitigation methods – from fault to trip,
reducing the number of faults, reducing the fault clearing time changing the power system, installing
mitigation equipment, improving equipment immunity, different events and mitigation methods.
System equipment interface – voltage source converter, series voltage controller, shunt controller,
combined shunt and series controller.
Power Quality and EMC Standards: Introduction to standardization, IEC Electromagnetic compatibility
standards, European voltage characteristics standards, PQ surveys.
GATE SYLLABUS:
POWER SYSTEM: Voltage and Frequency control, Power factor correction, Symmetrical components,
Symmetrical and unsymmetrical fault analysis, Principles of overcurrent, differential and distance
protection; Circuit breakers, System stability concepts, Equal area criterion.
ESE SYLLABUS:
POWER SYSTEM: Voltage and Frequency control, Power factor correction, symmetrical components,
fault analysis, principles of protection systems.
SUGGESTED BOOKS:
TEXT BOOKS:
“R. Sastry Vedam and Mulukutla S. Sarma”, “Power Quality VAR Compensation in Power
Systems”, CRC Press, 2008.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
UNIT - 1 : Introduction
Remedies to improve
9 Apply Chalk & Talk
power quality
3
Topics beyond Syllabus:
11 PQ Issues in Renewable Understand PPT
Energy System
12 Mock Test – I
Difference between
14 failures, outage, Understand Chalk & Talk
4 Interruptions
causes of Long
15 Remember Chalk & Talk
Interruptions
T1,T2 &
16 II Origin of Interruptions Understand Chalk & Talk
R1
Overview of Reliability
22 Remember Chalk & Talk
evaluation to power quality
6
comparison of observations
23 Analyze Chalk & Talk
and reliability evaluation
Origin of short
24 Understand Chalk & Talk
interruptions
Monitoring of short
28 Remember Chalk & Talk
interruptions
Difference between
29 medium and low voltage Analyze PPT
systems.
Stochastic prediction of
33 Evaluate Chalk & Talk
short interruptions.
34 9 Revision PPT
Theoretical calculation of
38 Evaluate Chalk & Talk
voltage sag magnitude
10
Voltage sag calculation in
39 Evaluate Chalk & Talk
non-radial systems
44 Revision PPT
Induction motors,
46 Analyze PPT
12 synchronous motors
Mitigation methods of DC
51 Apply PPT
drives
Overview of mitigation
52 13 methods – from fault to Remember PPT
trip
Introduction to
60 Remember PPT
standardization
IEC Electromagnetic
61 Understand PPT
compatibility standards
16 European voltage
62 Remember PPT
characteristics standards
66 Revision PPT
67 Revision PPT
IX. MAPPING COURSE OUTCOMES LEADING TO THE ACHIEVEMENT OFPROGRAM OUTCOMES AND
PROGRAM SPECIFIC OUTCOMES:
Program
Program Outcomes Specific
Outcomes
PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2
3 2 2 1 1 2 1 _ _ _ _ _ 2 2
CO1
3 2 3 2 2 2 2 _ _ _ _ _ 2 1
CO2
2 3 2 2 3 2 3 _ _ _ _ _ 1 2
CO3
3 3 3 2 3 2 2 _ _ _ _ _ 2 3
CO4
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 _ _ _ _ _ 2 2
CO5
2.6 2.4 2.4 1.8 2.2 2.0 2.0 _ _ _ _ _ 1.8 2
AVG
UNIT I
Blooms
Course
S.No Question Taxonomy
Outcome
Level
Blooms
Course
S.No Question Taxonomy
Outcome
Level
1 What are the major power quality issues? Explain in detail Knowledge 2
UNIT II
Blooms
Course
S.No Question Taxonomy
Outcome
Level
Blooms
Course
S.No Question Taxonomy
Outcome
Level
UNIT III
Blooms
Course
S.No Question Taxonomy
Outcome
Level
How voltage sag can be mitigated? Name the three levels Understand 2
4
of possible solutions to voltage sag and momentary
interruption problems?
5 What are the various factors affecting the sag magnitude Understand 2
due to faults at a certain point in the system?
Long Answer Questions
Blooms
Course
S.No Question Taxonomy
Outcome
Level
Discuss the sources of sags and swell and evaluate sag Evaluate 3
1.
performance evaluation indices?
What is the need of estimating sag performance? Explain Apply 3
2. the different methods of estimating voltage sag
performance.
Explain the various causes and effects of voltage sags. Understand 2
3.
Define voltage sag calculation in meshed system and Understand 2
4.
determine the equation.
Explain the theory of phase angle jump for three phase Understand 2
5.
unbalanced sag.
UNIT IV
Blooms
Course
S.No Question Taxonomy
Outcome
Level
2 Describe the end user solution for the voltage sag? Understand 2
5 Describe the end user solution for the voltage sag? Understand 2
Blooms
Course
S.No Question Taxonomy
Outcome
Level
UNIT V
Blooms
Course
S.No Question Taxonomy
Outcome
Level
OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS:
UNIT I:
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS:
(c) Constant Velocity (d) Constant RMS Value unchanged with time
UNIT II
2. Outage is the
(a) Removal of Primary Component (b) No Power Generation
(c) Transmission Faults (d) None of the above
4. Interruption is
(a) complete loss of power (b) complete loss of voltage
3. What should be the value of sag for proper operation of overhead transmission line?
(a) High (b) Low
(c) Neither too low nor too high (d) Anything
4. Voltage dips cannot be caused by which of the following:
(a) Switching on of Large Loads (b) Local and Remote faults
1. The equipments sensitive to magnitude of voltage sags are ________ & ___________.
2. The equipments sensitive to both duration & magnitude of voltage sags are _____& ______.
3. The formula to find voltage sag is____________________.
4. The connections of the component network depend on the ___________________ type.
5. The major concern for the Phase-Angle jump is ___________ in power electronics.
UNIT IV
1. During sag, power electronic component will trip, this will decrease ______
(a) Load Voltage (b) Supply Voltage
2. The total power taken by the load remains constant so that _____ will be higher
(a) Current (b) Voltage (c) Fluctuations (d) Harmonics
UNIT V
XII. JOURNALS:
1. www.ieee.org
2. www.springer.com
3. www.sciencedirect.com
4. www.mdpi.com/journal/energies/special_issues/power-electronics-power-quality