Farmers for years have been facing a problem of determining the required amount of fertilizers and

water to be provide in order to have the best yield. There is no fixed quantity since the quantity
depends on the climate, bacteria present in the soil, ground water present and the crop being
cultivated. Except the last factor all the other factors are mostly unknown to the farmer. In order to
solve the problem of over fertilisation and improper irrigation, we will create a grids with sensors
and sprinkling nozzles at every cross section. The grid will be connected to water supply and
liquefied fertiliser. The sensors installed on the intersections will sense the level of moisture and
nutrients like Nitrogen in the soil and communicate it to a HMI. Due to high density of intersections
the sensors can accurately determine the values at every spot in the patch of land. Using AI, we can
analyse the exact spot in the land where there is a deficiency. Based on the information, the
required amount of water/ fertiliser will be sprayed in that exact area. Since we are not spraying the
entire field we will save on water and fertiliser. Further, it will also help us save the problem of over
fertilising the field by using complete and accurate information. Hence this will not only make it
profitable for the farmer but it will also be a sustainable method for the environment.

There is not enough of data in respect of water nor of soil which is the medium of using water. There
is a lack of apex organisation which draws plans of the development of water resources for multiple
uses such as drinking and industrial uses, etc. Problem of underutilisation of irrigation potential
pertains to lack of coordination between the departments of agriculture and irrigation at the project
formulation stage, failure to carry out adequate soil surveys and assess suitability of the land and soil
for irrigation, failure to minimize conveyance losses and associated problems of water logging and
soil salinity & structural inadequacies with the main system and consequent, inability to deliver the
right quantity of water at the right time to the irrigation outlets. These problems need to be
addressed for effective use of water for irrigation.