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1
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Construction
of
Combinational
Circuits
4-bit binary
Adder-
Subtractor
Difference
between
EPROM and
EEPROM
Difference
between
Decoder and
Demultiplexer
Prime
Implicant chart
for minimizing
Cyclic Boolean
functions
Difference
⇣
between DDR
and SDRAM
Counting
Boolean
function with
some variables
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OUTPUT=f(INPUT)
4. Inputs are called Excitation from circuits and outputs are called Response of combinational
logic circuits.
1. Arithmetic:
Adders
⇣
Subtractors
Multipliers
Comparators
2. Data Handling:
Multiplexers
DeMultiplexers
Encoders and Decoders
3. Code Converters:
3 of 16 06/12/19, 3:09 pm
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A combinational logic circuit that performs the addition of two single bits is called Half
Adder.
A combinational logic circuit that performs the addition of three single bits is called Full
Adder.
1. Half Adder:
It is a arithmetic combinational logic circuit designed to perform addition of two single bits.
It contain two inputs and produces two outputs.
Inputs are called Augend and Added bits and Outputs are called Sum and Carry.
0+0=0
0+1=1
1+0=1
1+1=10
Since 1+1=10, the result must be two bit output. So, Above can be rewritten as,
0+0=00
⇣
0+1=01
1+0=01
1+1=10
The result of 1+1 is 10, where ‘1’ is carry-output (C out) and ‘0’ is Sum-output (Normal Output).
4 of 16 06/12/19, 3:09 pm
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Next Step is to draw the Logic Diagram. To draw Logic Diagram, We need Boolean Expression,
which can be obtained using K-map (karnaugh map). Since there are two output variables ‘S’ and
‘C’, we need to de�ne K-map for each output variable.
⇣
S = AB' + A'B
5 of 16 06/12/19, 3:09 pm
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S = A xor B
C = AB
6 of 16 06/12/19, 3:09 pm
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Limitations:
Adding of Carry is not possible in Half adder.
2. Full Adder:
To overcome the above limitation faced with Half adders, Full Adders are implemented.
It is a arithmetic combinational logic circuit that performs addition of three single bits.
It contains three inputs (A, B, Cin) and produces two outputs (Sum and Cout).
Where, Cin -> Carry In and Cout -> Carry Out
▲
K-map Simpli�cation for output variable Sum ‘S’ :
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3. Half Subtractor:
⇣
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D = A'B + AB'
D = A xor B
Bout = A'B
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4. Full Subtractor:
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Applications:
1. For performing arithmetic calculations in electronic calculators and other digital devices.
2. In Timers and Program Counters.
3. Useful in Digital Signal Processing.
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Recommended Posts:
Multiplexers in Digital Logic
BCD Adder in Digital Logic
Latches in Digital Logic
Encoder in Digital Logic
⇣
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