RULES

1. CAPITAL LETTERS
Use capital letters for:
- First word in a sentence,
- Days of the week,
- Months,
- Countries,
- Languages,
- Nationalities,
- Names of places,
- Names of people,
- Titles.
EXAMPLES: Monday, April, Jordan, French, the Equator, Belfast, Professor Warburton.

2. SPELLING RULE: I before E, except after C, with some exception (foreign…)

- ie
- cei
EXAMPLES: friend, receive, believe, thief, niece, chief, receipt, deceive, field, ceiling.

3. Most nouns in English add –S in PLURAL, but there are many where you CAN’T DO
THIS:
Child ~ children man ~ men woman ~ women
Foot ~ feet mouse ~ mice tooth ~ teeth
Deer ~ deer sheep ~ sheep fish ~ fish
Leaf – leaves wolf ~ wolves knife ~ knives
Potato ~ potatoes tomato ~ tomatoes hero ~ heroes
Pony ~ ponies penny ~ pennies family ~families

4. If you add –ER, -ED or –ING to short word, you usually DOUBLE the last letter:
Drip ~ dripping run ~ running fat ~ fatter
Thin ~ thinner stop ~ stopped flap ~ flapped
Get ~ getting drop ~ dropping clap ~ clapping
Hit ~ hitting drip ~ dripping shop ~ shopping
Big ~ bigger

EXCEPTION / RULE: but only if it a short sound, not a long one often ending
in –e:
Wave ~ waving hope ~ hoping phone ~ phoning
Promise ~ promising rate ~ rating become ~ becoming
Travel ~ travelled look ~ looked promise ~ promising
Fast ~ faster hope ~ hoping

5. Watch out for those EASILY-CONFUSED groups of words:

Too, two, to they’re, their, there write, right
Prince, princess know, now, nofour, for here, hear
Three (3), tree (plant) want, won’t
 And these SILENT LETTERS:
Climb handsome foreign hour knife calm cupboard horse castle
write often

Remember: beautiful, graceful, helpful, useful, but the glass was full of water (there are
no exceptions).
Useful  Usefully, Helpful  Helpfully, Graceful  Gracefully.

6. CORRECT SPELLING – These words are often spelt wrongly:

Advertisement accommodation beginning stories
Comfortable sadder necessary building
Company journey really cheap
Business police holiday mistake
Apartment college happier except
Always already cannot beautifully

7. INCORRECT CORRECT
Must inform would like to inform

8. On Wednesday
In September
At 10.00 p.m.
In the morning
By Friday

9. WORD ORDER

1 2 3 4 5 6
Who Doing What How Where When
Subject Verb Object Manner Place Time
SHE SANG A SONG BEAUITIFULLY IN CD YESTERDAY

S V O M P T

10. A, THE
a) A
 Ko nekaj omeniš prvič in je samostalnik (“naun”) v ednini: a song in ne a songs!
 Pri poklicih se vedno uporablja A oz. AN: I am an officer..., I am a doctor.
b) THE
 Ko vsi vedo o točno kateri zadevi govoriš, samostalnik pa je v ednini ali množini:
the song, the songs.

11.