SYNTHESIS OF ENZYME BIO-CLEANERS FROM GARBAGE

(VEGETABLE AND FRUIT WASTE)

A student Proposal Submitted to

THE MEMBER SECRETARY

TAMIL NADU STATE COUNCIL FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
DIRECTORATE OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION CAMPUS
GUINDY, CHENNAI – 600 025

Submitted by

Mr. C SEENIVASAN,
Ms. S VENNILA,
II M.Sc Biochemistry,
PG and Research Department of Biochemistry,
Bharathidasan College of Arts and Science,
Ellispettai, Erode District- 638116,
Tamilnadu, India.

Proposing Institute

Bharathidasan College of Arts and Science,

(Affiliated to BharathiarUniversity , Coimbatore)
Ellispettai,Erode District- 638116,
Tamilnadu, India.

AUGUST 2019-20
 STUDENT PROJECT PROPOSAL
• Name of the Students
one valid e-mail id
• Name of the Guide
Department / Designation
Institutional Address
Phone No. & Mobile No.
• Project Title
• Sector in which your Project
proposal is to be Considered
• Project Details
: Mr. C SEENIVASAN and Ms. S VENNILA
: ramselvister@gmail.com
: Dr.S.SELVI
: Associate Professor and Head of Biochemistry
: PG & Research Department of Biochemistry,
Bharathidasan College of Arts and Science,
Ellispettai, Erode (Dt),
Tamil Nadu, Pincode: 638 116.
: 9944555090
: SYNTHESIS OF ENZYME
BIO-CLEANERS FROM GARBAGE
(VEGETABLE AND FRUIT WASTE)
: Environment
: Given below

1. Introduction

Fruit markets, vegetable markets, restaurants, and food processing industries are the
prime contributors to pre-consumer type waste such as vegetables, fruits, and its peels in large
quantities. Sixty percent of pre-consumer type waste produced by food processing industries is
made up of organic matters. At present, the management of such organic waste is a significant
global issue. Value added bio-products can be produced from the organic waste which also
reduces the emission of greenhouse gas when disposed to landfill. Fruits and vegetable waste is
the largest portion of garbage. The world economic forum cautions to cause one of the biggest
risks to global stability posed by climate change. The study estimated that around 67 million tons
are wasted in India every year.
How often have you seen new products that would help improve overall cleaning
operations that are cost-effective and are user friendly? Enzyme digesters are gaining popularity
and are viewed by some as a possible replacement for other types of formulations in certain
cleaning situations. Enzyme digesters work by eating (digesting) protein matter in organic soil or
waste. Their enzymes are especially effective in controlling odors caused by a buildup of organic
soils in restrooms, plumbing, carpets, Drain Openers, health care facilities, schools, industrial
plants, health clubs, correctional facilities, offices, restaurants, and food service operations. The
list can be expanded to include any and all areas that have stains and odors from protein or
organic matter. Work use areas for enzymes are expanding, and new applications open up daily
in the sanitary maintenance field.
Enzymes are proteins created by living cells that exist in organisms such as plants,
animals and bacteria and are used to digest waste. When added to organic material like dirt,
grease and oil, they immediately go to work breaking down the organic material within these
substances. This natural “dust to dust” process that constantly occurs in our environment keeps
waste material from overrunning us. The four basic enzymatic systems are those that break down
fats and greases (lipase); proteins (protease); cellulose such as wood, cotton and paper
(cellulase); and carbohydrates and starches (amylase).
Enzymes are not costly; however, care should be taken to correctly use these products.
You need to identify specific areas that are present or potential problem areas. You can then
work the enzymes into your present program at proper frequencies to ensure desired results.
Using enzymes in a haphazard manner with no scheduled routine will not only waste product,
but also more importantly will waste valuable labor. Enzymes are economical and safe to use
within a wide work-use area. Enzymatic cleaners are new technology that allows for many uses
by cleaning professionals.
Bio-enzymatic cleaners are the free of harm. Bio-enzymatic cleaners are great in various
applications. They can be used as general surface cleaners, restroom cleaners, carpet spotters,
odor eliminators, and more.
There are various benefits to using bio-enzymatic cleaners:
1. They are often safer for the environment and human health compared to other chemical
products.
2. The micro-organisms (bacteria) can penetrate into very small cracks and crevices and
eliminate soils and malodors that traditional chemicals often cannot remove.
3. The bacteria and enzymes are left as residuals and can keep working for up to 80 hours after
application, ensuring that soils and malodors are fully removed.
 Enzymes used in cleaning products have an excellent safety profile, with little ability to
cause adverse responses in humans. For acute toxicity, genotoxicity, sub-acute and repeated dose
toxicity, enzymes are unremarkable. Enzymes have become popular in cleaning products,
because they are biodegradable. Fermentation is a method of generating enzymes. Fermentation
involves the use of microorganisms like bacteria and yeast to produce the enzyme.
Enzyme is a composite organic substance made up of organic acids, protein chains
(enzyme), and mineral salts produced by the fermentation of waste vegetables, fruits or its peels,
sugar, and water. The garbage enzyme (Bio-cleaners) can be applied to compose, decompose,
transform, and catalyze. Besides, this enzyme solution works in the same way as commercial
hydrolytic enzyme as it is able to achieve a high level of degradation within a short period. Thus,
it can be utilized as a low-cost alternative to improve wastewater treatment processes through the
removal of impurities, harmful sludge, and bacteria, which in turn promotes recycling of waste
back into the earth. The process for fermentation takes three months. There are protease,
amylase, and lipase activity in garbage enzyme which can be used to degrade proteins,
carbohydrates, and lipids respectively.
Garbage enzyme also possesses pathogen killing or pathogen-inhibiting properties. Bio-
cleaners enzyme solution is inexpensive, ecofriendly, work quickly & efficiently to digest
chemical and organic waste to no odour / non toxious gas. The garbage enzymes have similar
functions as commercial enzymes in accomplishing a higher degree of degradation within a
shorter period of time. This have been develop for people to make simple cleaning solution at
home in small scale business. To minimizing the environmental pollution by utilizing the
garbage like fruit & vegetable waste from stalls & markets. The product is natural, safe & good
for the environment.
Therefore, in the present work, to accomplish the concept of low-cost waste recovery
strategy, resources used in this study were taken from the commercial area that is no longer used.
After fermentation, the characteristics of bio cleaners are evaluate including its bio-catalytic
activities. Then, pretreated experiments are performed to determine the influence of individual
garbage enzyme produced. Parameters before and after treatment for TSS, VSS, COD and TAN
will be analyze.
2. Objectives

The aim of this study is

1. To synthesize enzyme from garbage waste (fruit and vegetable waste) from local market in
and around Erode and Tiruppur District of Tamilnadu.
2. To characterize bio cleaners and evaluate its bio-catalytic activities.
3. To check the efficacy of the Bio-cleaners by batch test.

3. Methodology

3.1 Sampling

Fruits and vegetable wastes collect from local market in and around Erode and Tiruppur District.

3.2 Garbage Enzyme (Biocleaners) Preparation

The fruit and vegetable wastes are collect from pre-consumer supermarket residues
consisting of orange, pineapple, tomato, mango, etc. The ingredients needed to prepare the
garbage enzyme are molasses, fruit and vegetable dregs, and water. They are mixed together in a
plastic container in the ratio of 1: 3: 10. During the first month, gases produced will release daily.
The containers are kept in a cool and dry area. After three months fermentation, the enzyme
produced is filter and centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 30 minutes and stored at 4 ºC prior to use.

3.3 Characterization of Garbage Enzyme (Biocleaners)

The characterization of garbage enzyme is investigated based on parameters such as pH,

total solids (TS), total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), and chemical
oxygen demand (COD). Procedures in standard method (APHA, 2005) and enzyme activities
(protease, amylase, and lipase) method are determine by using Casein Digestion Unit Analytical
Method (CDU), 3, 5- dinitrosalicyclic Acid (DNS) Method, and Titrimetric Method.

3.4 Batch Test

A batch test is conduct to determine the effective dosage of garbage enzyme for the
treatment.
4. Work Plan
Phase Contents Duration
Phase I Collection of Fruits and vegetable wastes from local market 2 Weeks

Phase II Pretreatment of Fruits and vegetable wastes 2 Weeks

Phase III Fermentation process 3 Months

Phase IV Characterization and evaluate biocatalytic activity 1 Month
Phase V Batch test 1 Month
Total Duration 6 Months

5. Budget for project

PROJECT COST ESTIMATE

S.NO CONTENTS TOTAL
1. Collection of market vegetable and fruit waste Rs.1500
2. Pretreatment of Fruits and vegetable wastes Rs.1000

3. Analysis of the physico- chemical properties Rs.2500

4. Fermentation process Rs.3000
5. characterization Rs.3000
6. Check the efficacy by batch test Rs.2000

7. Travelling allowance Rs.1500

TOTAL PROJECT COST Rs.14,500

6. Any other details : ___

7. Has a similar project been carried : NO

out in your college / elsewhere? If
so furnish details of the previous
project and highlight the improvements
suggested in the present one
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Mr.C.SEENIVASAN and Ms.S.VENNILA are a bonafide final year
students of M.Sc. BIOCHEMISTRY course of our college and it is also certified that two copies
of utilization certificate and final report along with seminar paper will be sent to the Council
after completion of the project by the end of April 2020.

Signature of the Guide Signature of the HOD Signature of the Principal/

Head of the Institution
From

C.SEENIVASAN and S. VENNILA,

II M.Sc. Biochemistry,

PG and Research Department of Biochemistry,

Bharathidasan College of Arts and Science,

Ellispettai,

Erode-638116.

To

The Member Secretary,

Tamil Nadu State Council for Science and Technology,

DOTE Campus,

Guindy,

Chennai- 600 025.

Respected Sir,

Sub: Submission of proposal for student project scheme –Reg.

We would like to bring to a kind notice that we are studying final year M.Sc.
Biochemistry in PG & Research Department of Biochemistry, Bharathidasan College of Arts and
Science, Erode. Here we are submitting proposal for student project scheme on “Synthesis of
Enzyme Bio-cleaners from Garbage (Vegetable and Fruit waste)” for the partial fulfilment of my
degree. We request you to kindly admit the proposal and consider it favourably.

Thanking you,

Yours truly,

Date: 29.8.2019

Place: Erode

Enclosure: 2 Copies of Proposal