Instruction Manual 1122-IN-001-0-12

November 2002

Series AP1X Oxygen Probe for Carbon Control System

1. % Oxygen Sensor Operation ...................................................................................................................... 2

2. Specifications ............................................................................................................................................. 2
3. Probe Location on Furnace ........................................................................................................................ 3
4. Mounting the Probe and Air Supply ............................................................................................................ 3
5. Oxygen Sensor Wiring ................................................................................................................................ 3
6. Thermocouple Wiring ................................................................................................................................. 4
7. Reference Air Supply .................................................................................................................................. 4
8. Furnace Startup .......................................................................................................................................... 4
9. During Furnace Operation .......................................................................................................................... 4
10. Furnace Precautions .................................................................................................................................. 4
11. Maintenance ............................................................................................................................................... 5
12. Probe Burnout ............................................................................................................................................ 5
13. Factory Service ........................................................................................................................................... 6
14. A-13893 Air Supplies .................................................................................................................................. 7

Table 1. Methane Tables ............................................................................................................................. 9

Table 2. Propane Tables ........................................................................................................................... 13

After Unpacking
Compare the contents of the shipping container against the packing slip. If the instrument is damaged in
shipping, report the extent of the damage to the carrier.
1. % Oxygen Sensor Operation
In this manual, the word “probe” means the assembly consisting of the Zirconia and on the ratio of the oxygen partial pressure
of % oxygen sensor, thermocouple sensor, their protection tube on the reference side of the electrolyte to the oxygen partial
and the cold end termination head ( see Figure 4-1). pressure on the process side of the electrolyte.

Two electrodes make contact with the platinum coated Probe Vdc = 0.0125 x T x Ln(O1/O2)
zirconium element at the tip of the sensor, one outer
electrode, one inner electrode. Where:

The special alloy protection tube is one conductor for the
oxygen probe signal, which eliminates the need of a small
signal wire normally exposed to the the furnace environment.
The protection tube has excellent resistance to corrosion
and oxidation at high temperature, and has good mechanical
strength (since Hydrogen causes embrittlement).
The AP Probe is suitable for high temperature carburizing
heat treating, carbonitriding and endothermic gas generators.
The AP Probe is NOT suitable for nitriding applications.
Zirconia is a solid state electrolyte which conducts oxygen
ions at temperatures above 1400°F. The ion conduction
results in a voltage between the two electrodes. The
magnitude of the voltage is dependent on the temperature
Probe Vdc = Sensor output, in millivolts
T = Sensor temperature, in Degrees Kelvin
Ln = Natural logarithm
O1 = Oxygen concentration on the inside surface of
the sensor, namely, ambient air which is 20.9%
oxygen
O2 = Oxygen concentration on the outside surface
of the sensor, namely, furnace atmosphere
Two connections to the Zirconia cell conduct the voltage to
the four pin connector.

Inner Electrode Conductor Alumina (Al2O3) Tube

Ports
Zirconia (Z2O2) Cell
A
A-A
Inner Electrode
Reference Conductor
Air Hole

Thermocouple
(20 AWG)

A Thermocouple Hot Junction

Special Alloy Solid Platinum Catalyst
Outer Electrode
Conductor
Figure 1-1. Oxygen Sensor Cell Assembly

2. Specifications
Output 1.00 to 1.20 Vdc over operating range. Weight 3 pounds, 5 ounces.

Readout % oxygen sensors should be used with controlling,
recording and indicating instruments having an input
impedance of 8 megohms or higher.
Immersion Depth 3 inches minimum.
Thermal and Mechanical Shock The special alloy outer
protection tube protects against both thermal and mechanical
shock. As with any precision instrument, take reasonable
care when handling and installing.
Response Time Less than 1.0 second.
Reference Air Uncontaminated air at maximum rate of 236
cc per minute = 0.5 SCFH (standard cubic feet per hour).
Protection Tube Special alloy is resistant to corrosion and
oxidation up to 2012°F (1100°C).
Operating Temperature 1400°F (760°C) to 2012°F
(1100°C).

Accuracy ±0.05 weight percent carbon in normal operating Thermocouple Types K, R and S.
range.

Page 2 1122-IN-001-0-12
3. Probe Location on Furnace
If the enriching gas supply has a separate inlet, locate the
probe in the following manner:
• close to atmosphere intake, where atmosphere is
well mixed and at furnace temperature
• as far away from the fumes of quench oil as possible
• as far away from door opening as possible
• work load should be clean – free from oils
• probe should not be located in a “hot spot”
• avoid hot spots in the furnace
• the probe can be mounted at any angle
4. Mounting the Probe and Air Supply
The probe is supplied with a compression fitting which has 1”
NPT male threads. Install a mounting fitting with 1-1/2” NPT
female threads and use a 1” x 1-1/2” reducing bushing. This
permits easy removal after soot buildup on the protection tube.
Mount the reference air supply in an area where the ambient
temperature is less than 125°F. if mounting on the furnace,
have at least 8 inches of air space between the supply and
the furnace wall.

Generally, locate the oxygen probe in an area where the

furnace gases are known to be thoroughly mixed. Locate in
a wall area reasonably free from other pipes and valves to
simplify installation and replacement.

Ports to Furnace
on each side

1.050” O.D. 4-1/2”

Nom. Ref.

1” NPT Optional
Closed End Process Mtg. Air Purge
Special Alloy Fitting 1” Ref.

4-pin
Reference Electrical
Air Supply Connector
Connection

HL 21” or 44” 6” Ref.

Overall Length (Ref.) 27” or 50”

Figure 4-1. Probe Mounting Dimensions

5. Oxygen Sensor Wiring

A cable containing wiring for the thermocouple compensating Do not place power wiring and sensor wiring in the same
cable and leadwire for the probe and reference air supply conduit or wiring trough. The wires from several oxygen
tube should be free from interference from other electrical or probes may be placed in the same conduit or wiring trough.
heat sources. See Figure 5-1.
Recommended Leadwire 22 gauge, Teflon insulated. The
Barber-Colman Part Number for wire is:
–4 Red
Thermocouple Blue Wire – DYZP 132-622-6-00
+3 Gray Wire – DYZP 132-822-8-00
Blue
+2
Readout For direct millivolt readout, a 4-1/2 digit meter with a
O2 EMF basic accuracy of 0.05% or better is recommended.
Probe –1 Gray
Connector
Figure 5-1. Wiring Diagram

1122-IN-001-0-12 Page 3
 70
6. Thermocouple Wiring
NEVER wire thermocouples using ordinary copper wire. Wire 150
0°F
only with thermocouple extension wire. 60

Dew Point Temperature in Furnace, °F

Observe the correct thermocouple and thermocouple 50
extension wire polarity. The negative wire of both 160 Austenite
0°F
thermocouple and thermocouple extension wire is coded red.
40
170
0°F
Recommended TC Extension Wire 20 gauge, solid,
duplex, glass braid insulated. See Table 6-1. 30 180
0°F
200 190
0°F 0°F
2100
°F
20

Thermocouple Barber-Colman Part Number 10

0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 1.00 1.10
Type of Extension Wire
Percent Carbon in Steel
K WK20-11305
Figure 8-1. Equilibrium Between Carbon
R and S WR20-51304
Potential and Dew Point of Endothermic Furnace
Table 6-1. Extension Wire Part Numbers Atmosphere for Straight Carbon Steels
(Courtesy Lindberg Engineering Corporation)

7. Reference Air Supply 9. During Furnace Operation

7.1 Reference Air
Clean reference air must be supplied to the probe.
The air passages inside the probe to the Zirconia element
are a fraction of a millimeter wide and can be blocked with
air dust if the reference air is not clean. Dead air at the
Zirconia element reduces the output voltage of the % Oxygen
sensor to meaningless values.
The following simple equipment is required: instrument air
supply of 0.5ft3 per hour (236 cc per minute). A complete air
supply system, Part Number A-13893, is available. Distance
from the air supply source and probe is determined by the
capacity of the reference air source. The A-13893 air supply
system can be used up to approximately 50 ft from the probe.
The A-13893 has an intake filter in the air pump.
7.2 Air Flow
Barber-Colman recommends air flow any time the probe is
heated. The Type K thermocouple in the probe will last longer
at elevated temperatures with an air flow. When the tube
and furnace are not hot, air flow is not required.
Cold furnace installation does not require air flow, but the air
supply should be connected as soon as possible after
installation.
A probe can be installed in a hot furnace. The probe is
resistant to thermal shock. For very high temperatures, near
1000°C (1850°F), take the precaution to insert the probe
into the hot furnace over a period of ten minutes.
CAUTION!
When a probe is exchanged or removed from a furnace which
has an atmosphere in it (always under positive pressure),
great caution must be taken to insure that there is no entry
of air into the furnace which could cause an explosion!
When removing a probe from a hot furnace, place the probe
on either a dry brick or dry concrete surface. Allow the probe
to air cool. Never attempt to speed up the cooling of the probe.
10. Furnace Precautions
Probe changes are recommended when there is no
atmosphere in the furnace and the furnace door can be open;
for example, between loads.
Heat treated parts must be cleaned and any grease or zinc
compounds must be removed. The parts must then be
thoroughly rinsed. Do not use zinc coated baskets to hold
small parts during operation. Zinc will deteriorate the oxygen
probe electrode.
Oxygen probe life will be shortened if the furnace operates
in the sooting range for a long period of time and is not burned
out at regular intervals.

8. Furnace Startup
Turn on reference air to the probe at furnace startup. If the
probe is either installed or replaced in a hot furnace, turn
reference air on as soon as possible.
The tables at the end of this manual are required in order to
interpret the output voltage of the oxygen sensor in the probe.
These tables are not required when the 2400 Series Carbon
Controller is used. Also see Figure 8-1.
Mercury and certain other heavy metals will attack the oxygen
probe. Consult the factory for any unusual application.
New and rebricked furnaces should be fully dried and fully
cured before installing the oxygen probe.
New and rebricked furnaces require several days to stabilize
so the new brick can absorb carbon atmosphere. During
this time, exact carbon control will be difficult.

Page 4 1122-IN-001-0-12
It is common procedure to operate a new and rebricked
furnace at an elevated temperature with a carburizing
atmosphere to eliminate harmful components.
11. Maintenance
Check the air pump daily.
Check the air supply to the probe once a week. Remove the
air tube fitting from its connection at the probe head and
submerge the air tube into a container of water. A steady
flow of air bubbles indicates proper operation. Reconnect
the air tube fitting to the probe head.
Check the air supply filters once a month.
Proper Carburizing
If heat treated parts are not being properly carburized, there
are several items to check:
1. Reference air flow should be 0.5 SCFH.
2. Make certain the vent holes in the end of the probe
are clear and free of carbon buildup.
3. Check that the probe output voltage is stable.
4. Place a voltmeter across the probe to get a probe
output reading. Then disconnect the thermocouple
from the controller and get a second reading. The
probe output should remain constant.
5. Use an ohmmeter to check the thermocouple for
an open element.
6. Make certain reference air is reaching the probe tip.
7. Check the enriching gas for proper CO + CO2
content (or other mixture).
8. Check the furnace door for air leaks.
9. Check the furnace completely for air leaks
(including the floor).
10. Check for air blocks in the furnace.
11. Make certain parts are clean before loading them
into the furnace.
12. Make certain to give a new or rebuilt furnace a
two day curing time.
12. Probe Burnout
Furnaces are only capable of carrying a finite amount of
carbon. Carbon will “drop out” as the atmosphere cools,
resulting in a buildup of soot inside the protection tube. The
soot is removed by purging the probe with a controlled
amount of air, which allows the soot to burn off. Failure to
purge can result in a damaged probe.
1122-IN-001-0-12
Burnout Procedure (Continuous Furnace)
Recommended air flow: 2 SCFH
Purge period: 5 minutes
Burnout cycle: 3 hours
1. Hold the enrichment gas flow at its current value
during the purge cycle.
2. Do NOT short the probe terminals.
3. If the carbon probe temperature exceeds 1900°F,
reduce the purge air flow to 1 SCFH (or discontinue
purge air completely) until probe temperature
decreases to a level below 1700°F.
Burnout is complete when probe output is near 0% carbon
at the end of the purge period.
The rate of recovery will depend on the degree of the
condition: rapid recovery indicates a low soot condition; slow
recovery indicates severe sooting has occurred.
The temperature of the probe thermocouple will increase
significantly when soot reaches burned out condition – or
nearly burned (the expected temperature rise is
approximately 150°F to 180°F).
Adjust the frequency of the burnout cycle depending on the
severity of sooting.
Burnout Procedure (Batch Furnace)
Recommended air flow: 1 SCFH
Purge period: determined by the process
Burnout cycle: cycles with open door
1. Disable the enrichment gas during the purge cycle.
2. Do NOT short the probe terminals.
3. If the carbon probe temperature exceeds 1900°F,
discontinue purge air and close the hearth zone
door until probe temperature falls to 1700°F.
4. Purge air can be supplied to the probe whenever
the hearth chamber door is open. The length of
time that purge air is supplied is not critical unless
the probe and furnace are excessively sooted.
The burn off of excessive soot should be monitored closely
with a probe thermocouple monitor. It may be necessary to
remove the probe from the furnace and remove excess soot
with compressed air (after first cooling the probe to ambient
temperature) or light brushing. Do not strike the unit or insert
hard objects into the probe.
Sooted probes should not be allowed to burn off in an air
atmosphere without monitoring the temperature rise. Visually
observe the hot probe end. Sparks or white heat indicate an
excessive soot condition. Excessively sooted probes should
be returned to the factory for refurbishing.
Page 5
Probe Test Procedure Recommended Spare Parts
Air Supply Kit ........................................... Part No. A-13893
1. Record probe voltage. Air Flow Meter ........................................... Part No. 36-122
Air Hose (X = feet) .................................... Part No. X-3201
2. Place a test resistor in parallel across the voltmeter
leads (see diagram). Returning a Unit for Reconditioning
When returning a probe to the factory, package it carefully in
3. Record probe voltage. If the voltage is now less the original packaging material and mark the carton “Fragile
than 1/2 the voltage in step 1, the probe is defective. Instrument.”

Probe Temperature Test Resistor (in Ohms) Send to:

1400°F (760°C) 30,000
1450°F (788°C) 22,600 Barber-Colman Company
1500°F (816°C) 17,000 Industrial Instruments Division
1550°F (843°C) 12,800 1354 Clifford Avenue
1600°F (871°C) 9,600 Receiving Dock #3
1650°F (899°C) 7,200 Loves Park, IL 61111
1700°F (927°C) 5,400
1750°F (954°C) 4,100 The unit will be examined and reconditioned at a standard
1800°F (982°C) 3,100 charge, providing ceramic components have not been
1850°F (1010°C) 2,300 broken. The Repair Order will be acknowledged and an
1900°F (1038°C) 1,700 authorization requested.
1950°F (1066°C) 1,300
2000°F (1093°C) 1,000 Recommended Practice for Retrofitting Carbon Controls
to Carburizing Furnaces
Probe Test
1. The furnace MUST be in excellent condition, with
no leaks and door seals in good condition. If air
migrates into the furnace, the % carbon atmo-
sphere will not be consistent in the chamber,
causing erratic load results. Intermittent leaks can
cause intermittent % carbon results.

2. The furnace must be operated under positive

pressure. Furnace manufacturers recommend
+0.25” W.C. furnace pressure.
–

3. The furnace must be clean. Any soot present must

13. Factory Service
Units can be returned to the factory for reconditioning.
Telephone 815-877-3222, Industrial Instruments Customer
Service Dept. for additional information.
4.
When contacting the factory, please supply the model number
of the probe (see below).
be burned out by running the furnace at 1600°F
for several hours, with the atmosphere turned off
and air flowing through the chamber.
The AP probe must be installed close to the work
area, but as far removed as possible from the point
where enriching gas is introduced into the chamber.

Write the Entire 15-digit Model Number 5. The AP probe must be brought up to temperature
gradually, or else the Zirconia Oxide cell will be
damaged. When installing the probe into a hot
furnace, insert slowly (one inch every five minutes).

6. Manufactured gases, such as N2-Methanol, must

be introduced by means of an injector tube
(Sparger) or drip plate to insure that Methanol is
cracked and mixed with N2 before reaching the
AP probe. Uncracked Methanol reaching the
probe will cause erroneous % carbon readings.

7. The flow rate of N2 and Methanol must be

consistent. Variation of either gas flow will cause
erroneous % carbon readings. Controllers are
usually calibrated to a known gas composition.

Page 6 1122-IN-001-0-12
8. If several furnaces are fed by one source of N2- 11. Close temperature control is desirable since %
Methanol, each furnace should have its own set carbon readings vary inversely with temperature
of pressure regulators and flowmeters so as to cycling. Fluctuations of temperature will cause
avoid flow rate changes as other furnaces are cyclic conditions of carbon control.
added to, or removed from production.
12. In order to provide extended, trouble-free service,
9. An accurate dewpoint analysis and a trained Platinum thermocouples should be employed in
operator are essential for setting up and checking AP probes used at 1700°F and above.
the furnace atmosphere.
13. Enriching gas should have a maximum flow rate
10. An atmosphere calibration chart from the supplier of approximately 10% of total gas flow (e.g., 90
of the N2-Methanol gas is essential. CFH natural gas to 900 CFH atmospheric gas).

A-13893 Air Supply

A-13893-X00-X-0X

0 = 120 Vac 50/60 Hz

1 = 240 Vac 50/60 Hz

0 = Front Panel Assembly Only

1 = Assembly with Case

000 = Single Sensor without Burnoff Option

100 = Dual Sensor without Burnoff Option
200 = Single Sensor with Optional Remote Burnoff Solenoid
400 = Single Sensor with Optional Remote Burnoff Solenoid (International Model)
500 = Single Sensor without Burnoff Option (International Model)
(International models have flow gauges scaled in liters per minute)

14. A-13893 Air Supplies

The A-13893 Series of air supplies is designed to provide
reference and purge air for the AP Series of Carbon and O2
probes. All models use a rugged double-diaphragm pump
designed for an industrial environment. The flow gauges have
two-inch scales for readability and easy adjustment. A replaceable
filter prevents particulate infiltration of the supply lines.
A-13893-100-x-xx has dual outputs with 0-2 SCFH flow
meters for use as a reference air supply for two probes.
A-13893-200-x-xx has one output for reference air and a
second solenoid activated output with a 0-10 SCFH flow
meter for purge air.

Models are available with a complete housing for surface A-13893-400-x-xx has one output with a 0.06-0.50 LPM flow
mounting or with a front panel only for installation into a meter for reference air and a solenoid activated output with
control panel. All versions are 50/60 Hz at 28 Watts. a 0.15-1.00 LPM flow meter for purge air.

A-13893-000-x-xx has a single output with a 0-2 SCFH flow A-13893-500-x-xx has a single output with a 0.06-0.50 LPM
meter for use as a reference air supply for a single probe. flow meter for use as a reference air supply for a single probe.

1122-IN-001-0-12 Page 7
Installing the Air Supply:
1. Mount the housing with a minimum of 8 inches (200mm) of air gap between the housing and the furnace wall. The air
supply should be within 50 ft. (15 meters) of the probe.
2. Remove the front cover.
3. Remove the safety cover on the terminal block.
4. Connect power leads to terminals L1 & L2. The air supply should be connected directly to the furnace control power.
The air supply should be ON whenever the furnace is powered up.
5. On models with a purge air solenoid, connect the purge control leads to the terminals marked S1 & S2. S2 may be
jumpered to L2 when the power leads and the purge control share the same circuit.
6. Connect terminal G to earth ground.
7. Reinstall the safety cover to the terminal block.

Model Number

A-13893 A-13893 A-13893 A-13893 A-13893 A-13893 A-13893 A-13893 A-13893 A-13893
-000-X-X0 -100-X-X0 -200-X-X0 -400-X-X0 -500-X-X0 -000-X-X1 -100-X-X1 -200-X-X1 -400-X-X1 -500-X-X1
Part
Item Description Qty. Qty. Qty. Qty. Qty. Qty. Qty. Qty. Qty. Qty.
Number
1 AL-431 Filter 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
36-151 1 to 10 SCFH Flow Meter 1 1
2
36-152 .15 to 1 LPM Flow Meter 1 1
50-1746 Air Pump 120V 50/60 Hz 1 1 1 1 1
3
50-1746-100 Air Pump 240V 50/60 Hz 1 1 1 1 1
AL-171 Solenoid 120V 50/60 Hz 1 1
4
AL-183 Solenoid 240V 50/60 Hz 1 1
36-130 .2 to 2 SCFH Flow Meter 1 2 1 1 2 1
5
36-158 .06 to .5 LPM Flow Meter 1 1 1 1

Page 8 1122-IN-001-0-12
Table 1. Millivolt Readings for Endothermic Atmospheres Generated from Methane (Natural Gas)
and Containing Approximately 20% (CO + CO2)

NOTES:

1. Carbon absorption and diffusion rates limit the actual level attainable on the steel work surface. (Carburizing time and
temperature and steel composition affect the relationship between atmospheric carbon potential and resultant surface
carbon level.) Specific conditions, such as shorter carburizing cycles, may necessitate controlling at a carbon potential
as much as 0.25 wt. %C higher than required on the work.

2. This chart pertains only to endothermic base atmospheres generated from predominantly methane (i.e., 20% CO).

3. Controlling carbon potential at a level exceeding the carbon content of saturated austentite is discouraged. An
optimum combination of productivity and control might be realized by a boost-diffuse carburizing technique.

Table for 20% (CO + CO2)

% 1400°F 1410°F 1420°F 1430°F 1440°F 1450°F 1460°F 1470°F 1480°F 1490°F
Carbon 760°C 766°C 771°C 777°C 782°C 788°C 793°C 799°C 804°C 810°C
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30 1057 1058
0.35 1063 1064 1065 1065
0.40 1068 1069 1069 1070 1071 1072
0.45 1072 1073 1073 1074 1075 1076 1077 1078
0.50 1076 1077 1078 1079 1079 1080 1081 1082 1083
0.55 1080 1081 1082 1082 1083 1084 1085 1086 1087 1088
0.60 1084 1085 1086 1087 1088 1089 1090 1091 1092 1093
0.65 1088 1089 1090 1091 1092 1093 1094 1095 1096 1098
0.70 1092 1093 1094 1095 1096 1097 1098 1100 1101 1102
0.75 1096 1097 1098 1099 1100 1101 1102 1103 1105 1106
0.80 1100 1101 1102 1103 1104 1105 1106 1107 1108 1110
0.85 1103 1104 1105 1106 1107 1109 1110 1111 1112 1113
0.90 1107 1109 1110 1111 1112 1113 1114 1116 1117
0.95 1115 1117 1118 1119 1120
1.00 1122 1124
1.05
1.10
1.15
1.20
1.25
1.30
1.35
1.40

1122-IN-001-0-12 Page 9
 Table for 20% (CO + CO2)
% 1500°F 1510°F 1520°F 1530°F 1540°F 1550°F 1560°F 1570°F 1580°F 1590°F
Carbon 816°C 821°C 827°C 8832°C 838°C 843°C 849°C 854°C 860°C 886°C
0.10 1016
0.15 1032 1032 1033 1033
0.20 1042 1043 1044 1044 1045 1046 1046
0.25 1051 1051 1052 1053 1053 1054 1055 1056 1056 1057
0.30 1059 1060 1060 1061 1062 1063 1064 1065 1065 1066
0.35 1066 1067 1068 1069 1070 1071 1071 1072 1073 1074
0.40 1073 1074 1075 1076 1076 1077 1078 1079 1080 1081
0.45 1079 1080 1081 1082 1083 1084 1085 1086 1087 1088
0.50 1084 1085 1086 1087 1088 1089 1090 1092 1093 1094
0.55 1089 1090 1091 1093 1094 1095 1096 1097 1098 1099
0.60 1094 1095 1096 1097 1099 1100 1101 1102 1103 1104
0.65 1099 1100 1101 1102 1103 1104 1105 1107 1108 1109
0.70 1103 1104 1105 1106 1108 1109 1110 1111 1112 1114
0.75 1107 1108 1109 1110 1112 1113 1114 1115 1117 1118
0.80 1111 1112 1113 1114 1116 1117 1118 1119 1121 1122
0.85 1115 1116 1117 1118 1119 1121 1122 1123 1125 1126
0.90 1118 1119 1121 1122 1123 1124 1126 1127 1128 1130
0.95 1122 1123 1124 1125 1127 1128 1129 1131 1132 1133
1.00 1125 1126 1127 1129 1130 1131 1133 1134 1135 1137
1.05 1132 1133 1135 1136 1137 1139 1140
1.10 1139 1141 1142 1143
1.15
1.20
1.25
1.30
1.35
1.40

Table for 20% (CO + CO2)

% 1600°F 1610°F 1620°F 1630°F 1640°F 1650°F 1660°F 1670°F 1680°F 1690°F
Carbon 871°C 877°C 882°C 888°C 893°C 899°C 904°C 910°C 916°C 921°C
0.10 1016 1016 1017 1017 1018 1018 1019 1019 1020 1020
0.15 1034 1034 1035 1036 1036 1037 1038 1038 1039 1040
0.20 1047 1048 1049 1050 1050 1051 1052 1053 1054 1054
0.25 1058 1059 1060 1061 1062 1062 1063 1064 1065 1066
0.30 1067 1068 1069 1070 1071 1072 1073 1074 1075 1076
0.35 1075 1076 1077 1078 1079 1080 1081 1082 1083 1084
0.40 1082 1083 1084 1086 1087 1088 1089 1090 1091 1092
0.45 1089 1090 1091 1092 1093 1094 1095 1097 1098 1099
0.50 1095 1096 1097 1098 1099 1100 1102 1103 1104 1105
0.55 1100 1101 1103 1104 1105 1106 1107 1108 1110 1111
0.60 1105 1107 1108 1109 1110 1111 1113 1114 1115 1116
0.65 1110 1111 1113 1114 1115 1116 1118 1119 1120 1121
0.70 1115 1116 1117 1118 1120 1121 1122 1123 1125 1126
0.75 1119 1120 1122 1123 1124 1125 1127 1128 1129 1131
0.80 1123 1124 1126 1127 1128 1130 1131 1132 1134 1135
0.85 1127 1128 1130 1131 1132 1134 1135 1136 1138 1139
0.90 1131 1132 1133 1135 1136 1137 1139 1140 1142 1143
0.95 1134 1136 1137 1139 1140 1141 1143 1144 1145 1147
1.00 1138 1139 1141 1142 1143 1145 1146 1148 1149 1150
1.05 1141 1143 1144 1145 1147 1148 1150 1151 1152 1154
1.10 1145 1146 1147 1149 1150 1152 1153 1154 1156 1157
1.15 1149 1151 1152 1153 1155 1156 1158 1159 1161
1.20 1150 1159 1161 1162 1164
1.25 1165 1167
1.30
1.35
1.40

Page 10 1122-IN-001-0-12
 Table for 20% (CO + CO2)
% 1700°F 1710°F 1720°F 1730°F 1740°F 1750°F 1760°F 1770°F 1780°F 1790°F
Carbon 927°C 932°C 938°C 943°C 949°C 954°C 960°C 966°C 971°C 977°C
0.10 1021 1022 1022 1023 1023 1024 1025 1025 1026 1027
0.15 1041 1041 1042 1043 1044 1045 1045 1046 1047 1048
0.20 1055 1056 1057 1058 1059 1060 1061 1062 1062 1063
0.25 1067 1068 1069 1070 1071 1072 1073 1074 1075 1076
0.30 1077 1078 1079 1080 1081 1082 1083 1084 1085 1086
0.35 1085 1087 1088 1089 1090 1091 1092 1093 1094 1095
0.40 1093 1094 1095 1096 1098 1099 1100 1101 1102 1103
0.45 1100 1101 1102 1103 1105 1106 1107 1108 1109 1111
0.50 1106 1107 1109 1110 1111 1112 1114 1115 1116 1117
0.55 1112 1113 1115 1116 1117 1118 1119 1121 1122 1123
0.60 1117 1119 1120 1121 1123 1124 1125 1126 1128 1129
0.65 1123 1124 1125 1126 1128 1129 1130 1132 1133 1134
0.70 1127 1129 1130 1131 1133 1134 1135 1137 1138 1139
0.75 1132 1133 1135 1136 1137 1139 1140 1141 1143 1144
0.80 1136 1138 1139 1140 1142 1143 1144 1146 1147 1148
0.85 1140 1142 1143 1144 1146 1147 1149 1150 1151 1153
0.90 1144 1146 1147 1148 1150 1151 1153 1154 1155 1157
0.95 1148 1149 1151 1152 1154 1155 1156 1158 1159 1161
1.00 1152 1153 1155 1156 1157 1159 1160 1162 1163 1164
1.05 1155 1157 1158 1160 1161 1162 1164 1165 1167 1168
1.10 1159 1160 1162 1163 1164 1166 1167 1169 1170 1172
1.15 1162 1163 1165 1166 1168 1169 1171 1172 1174 1175
1.20 1165 1167 1168 1170 1171 1173 1174 1176 1177 1178
1.25 1168 1170 1171 1173 1174 1176 1177 1179 1180 1182
1.30 1174 1176 1177 1179 1180 1182 1183 1185
1.35 1183 1185 1186 1188
1.40

Table for 20% (CO + CO2)

% 1800°F 1810°F 1820°F 1830°F 1840°F 1850°F 1860°F 1870°F 1880°F 1890°F
Carbon 982°C 988°C 993°C 999°C 1004°C 1010°C 1016°C 1021°C 1027°C 1032°C
0.10 1027 1028 1029 1030 1030 1031 1032 1033 1033 1034
0.15 1049 1050 1050 1051 1052 1053 1054 1055 1056 1057
0.20 1064 1065 1066 1067 1068 1069 1070 1071 1072 1073
0.25 1077 1078 1079 1080 1081 1082 1083 1084 1085 1086
0.30 1087 1088 1090 1091 1092 1093 1094 1095 1096 1097
0.35 1097 1098 1099 1100 1101 1102 1103 1105 1106 1107
0.40 1105 1106 1107 1108 1109 1111 1112 1113 1114 1115
0.45 1112 1113 1114 1115 1117 1118 1119 1120 1122 1123
0.50 1118 1120 1121 1122 1123 1125 1126 1127 1129 1130
0.55 1125 1126 1127 1128 1130 1131 1132 1134 1135 1136
0.60 1130 1132 1133 1134 1135 1137 1138 1139 1141 1142
0.65 1136 1137 1138 1139 1141 1142 1144 1145 1146 1148
0.70 1141 1142 1143 1145 1146 1147 1149 1150 1151 1153
0.75 1145 1147 1148 1149 1151 1152 1153 1155 1156 1158
0.80 1150 1151 1153 1154 1155 1157 1158 1159 1161 1162
0.85 1154 1155 1157 1158 1160 1161 1162 1164 1165 1167
0.90 1158 1160 1161 1162 1164 1165 1167 1168 1170 1171
0.95 1162 1164 1165 1166 1168 1169 1171 1172 1174 1175
1.00 1166 1167 1169 1170 1172 1173 1175 1176 1178 1179
1.05 1170 1171 1173 1174 1175 1177 1178 1180 1181 1183
1.10 1173 1175 1176 1178 1179 1181 1182 1184 1185 1187
1.15 1177 1178 1180 1181 1183 1184 1186 1187 1189 1190
1.20 1180 1181 1183 1184 1186 1187 1189 1190 1192 1194
1.25 1183 1185 1186 1188 1189 1191 1192 1194 1195 1197
1.30 1186 1188 1189 1191 1193 1194 1196 1197 1199 1200
1.35 1190 1191 1193 1194 1196 1197 1199 1200 1202 1203
1.40 1193 1194 1196 1197 1199 1200 1202 1203 1205 1206

1122-IN-001-0-12 Page 11
 Table for 20% (CO + CO2)
% 1900°F 1910°F 1920°F 1930°F 1940°F 1950°F 1960°F 1970°F 1980°F 1990°F
Carbon 1038°C 1043°C 1049°C 1054°C 1060°C 1066°C 1071°C 1077°C 1082°C 1088°C
0.10 1035 1036 1036 1037 1038 1039 1040 1041 1041 1042
0.15 1058 1059 1059 1060 1061 1062 1063 1064 1065 1066
0.20 1074 1075 1076 1077 1078 1079 1080 1081 1083 1084
0.25 1087 1089 1090 1091 1092 1093 1094 1095 1096 1097
0.30 1099 1100 1101 1102 1103 1104 1105 1107 1108 1109
0.35 1108 1109 1111 1112 1113 1114 1115 1117 1118 1119
0.40 1117 1118 1119 1120 1122 1123 1124 1125 1126 1128
0.45 1124 1125 1127 1128 1129 1131 1132 1133 1134 1136
0.50 1131 1132 1134 1135 1136 1138 1139 1140 1141 1143
0.55 1137 1139 1140 1141 1143 1144 1145 1147 1148 1149
0.60 1143 1145 1146 1147 1149 1150 1151 1153 1154 1156
0.65 1149 1150 1152 1153 1154 1156 1157 1158 1160 1161
0.70 1154 1155 1157 1158 1160 1161 1162 1164 1165 1167
0.75 1159 1160 1162 1163 1165 1166 1167 1169 1170 1172
0.80 1164 1165 1167 1168 1169 1171 1172 1174 1175 1177
0.85 1168 1170 1171 1172 1174 1175 1177 1178 1180 1181
0.90 1172 1174 1175 1177 1178 1180 1181 1183 1184 1186
0.95 1177 1178 1179 1181 1182 1184 1185 1187 1188 1190
1.00 1181 1182 1183 1185 1186 1188 1189 1191 1192 1194
1.05 1184 1186 1187 1189 1190 1192 1193 1195 1196 1198
1.10 1188 1190 1191 1193 1194 1196 1197 1199 1200 1202
1.15 1192 1193 1195 1196 1198 1199 1201 1202 1204 1205
1.20 1195 1197 1198 1200 1201 1203 1204 1206 1207 1209
1.25 1198 1200 1202 1203 1205 1206 1208 1209 1211 1212
1.30 1202 1203 1205 1206 1208 1209 1211 1213 1214 1216
1.35 1205 1206 1208 1210 1211 1213 1214 1216 1217 1219
1.40 1208 1210 1211 1213 1214 1216 1218 1219 1221 1222

Table for 20% (CO + CO2)

% 2000°F 2010°F 2020°F 2030°F 2040°F 2050°F 2060°F 2070°F 2080°F 2090°F
Carbon 1093°C 1099°C 1104°C 1110°C 1116°C 1121°C 1127°C 1132°C 1138°C 1143°C
0.10 1043 1044 1045 1046 1047 1048 1048 1049 1050 1051
0.15 1067 1068 1069 1070 1071 1072 1073 1074 1075 1076
0.20 1085 1086 1087 1088 1089 1090 1091 1092 1093 1094
0.25 1099 1100 1101 1102 1103 1104 1105 1107 1108 1109
0.30 1110 1111 1113 1114 1115 1116 1117 1119 1120 1121
0.35 1120 1121 1123 1124 1125 1126 1128 1129 1130 1131
0.40 1129 1130 1132 1133 1134 1135 1137 1138 1139 1141
0.45 1137 1138 1140 1141 1142 1143 1145 1146 1147 1149
0.50 1144 1145 1147 1148 1149 1151 1152 1153 1155 1156
0.55 1151 1152 1153 1155 1156 1158 1159 1160 1162 1163
0.60 1157 1158 1160 1161 1162 1164 1165 1167 1168 1169
0.65 1163 1164 1165 1167 1168 1170 1171 1172 1174 1175
0.70 1168 1169 1171 1172 1174 1175 1177 1178 1179 1181
0.75 1173 1175 1176 1177 1179 1180 1182 1183 1185 1186
0.80 1178 1179 1181 1182 1184 1185 1187 1188 1190 1191
0.85 1183 1184 1186 1187 1189 1190 1191 1193 1194 1196
0.90 1187 1189 1190 1192 1193 1195 1196 1197 1199 1200
0.95 1191 1193 1194 1196 1197 1199 1200 1202 1203 1205
1.00 1195 1197 1198 1200 1201 1203 1204 1206 1208 1209
1.05 1199 1201 1202 1204 1205 1207 1209 1210 1212 1213
1.10 1203 1205 1206 1208 1209 1211 1212 1214 1216 1217
1.15 1207 1208 1210 1212 1213 1215 1216 1218 1219 1221
1.20 1210 1212 1214 1215 1217 1218 1220 1221 1223 1225
1.25 1214 1215 1217 1219 1220 1222 1223 1225 1227 1228
1.30 1217 1219 1220 1222 1224 1225 1227 1228 1230 1232
1.35 1221 1222 1224 1225 1227 1229 1230 1232 1233 1235
1.40 1224 1225 1227 1229 1230 1232 1233 1235 1237 1238

Page 12 1122-IN-001-0-12
Table 2. Millivolt Readings for Endothermic Atmospheres Generated from Propane
and Containing Approximately 20% (CO + CO2)

NOTES:

1. Carbon absorption and diffusion rates limit the actual level attainable on the steel work surface. (Carburizing time and
temperature and steel composition affect the relationship between atmospheric carbon potential and resultant surface
carbon level.) Specific conditions, such as shorter carburizing cycles, may necessitate controlling at a carbon potential
as much as 0.25 wt. %C higher than required on the work.

2. This chart pertains only to endothermic base atmospheres generated from predominantly propane (i.e., 23% CO).

3. Controlling carbon potential at a level exceeding the carbon content of saturated austentite is discouraged. An
optimum combination of productivity and control might be realized by a boost-diffuse carburizing technique.

Table for 23% (CO + CO2)

% 1400°F 1410°F 1420°F 1430°F 1440°F 1450°F 1460°F 1470°F 1480°F 1490°F
Carbon 760°C 766°C 771°C 777°C 782°C 788°C 793°C 799°C 804°C 810°C
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30 1051 1052
0.35 1057 1058 1058 1059
0.40 1062 1062 1063 1064 1065 1066
0.45 1066 1067 1068 1069 1070 1071 1071
0.50 1070 1071 1072 1072 1073 1074 1075 1076 1077
0.55 1074 1075 1075 1076 1077 1078 1079 1080 1081 1082
0.60 1078 1079 1080 1081 1082 1083 1084 1085 1086 1087
0.65 1082 1083 1084 1085 1086 1087 1088 1089 1090 1091
0.70 1086 1087 1088 1089 1090 1091 1092 1093 1094 1095
0.75 1090 1091 1092 1093 1094 1095 1096 1097 1098 1099
0.80 1093 1094 1095 1096 1098 1099 1100 1101 1102 1103
0.85 1097 1098 1099 1100 1101 1102 1103 1104 1106 1107
0.90 1100 1101 1102 1103 1104 1106 1107 1108 1109 1110
0.95 1109 1110 1111 1112 1114
1.00 1116 1117
1.05
1.10
1.15
1.20
1.25
1.30
1.35
1.40

1122-IN-001-0-12 Page 13
 Table for 23% (CO + CO2)
% 1500°F 1510°F 1520°F 1530°F 1540°F 1550°F 1560°F 1570°F 1580°F 1590°F
Carbon 816°C 821°C 827°C 8832°C 838°C 843°C 849°C 854°C 860°C 886°C
0.10 1009
0.15 1025 1026 1026 1027
0.20 1036 1037 1037 1038 1039 1039 1040
0.25 1044 1045 1046 1046 1047 1048 1048 1049 1050 1050
0.30 1053 1053 1054 1055 1055 1056 1057 1058 1059 1060
0.35 1060 1061 1061 1062 1063 1064 1065 1066 1067 1067
0.40 1066 1067 1068 1069 1070 1071 1072 1073 1074 1074
0.45 1072 1073 1074 1075 1076 1077 1078 1079 1080 1081
0.50 1078 1079 1080 1081 1082 1083 1084 1085 1086 1087
0.55 1083 1084 1085 1086 1087 1088 1089 1090 1091 1092
0.60 1088 1089 1090 1091 1092 1093 1094 1095 1096 1097
0.65 1092 1093 1094 1095 1096 1097 1099 1100 1101 1102
0.70 1096 1097 1098 1100 1101 1102 1103 1104 1105 1106
0.75 1100 1101 1103 1104 1105 1106 1107 1108 1110 1112
0.80 1104 1105 1106 1108 1109 1110 1111 1112 1114 1115
0.85 1108 1109 1110 1111 1113 1114 1115 1116 1117 1119
0.90 1111 1113 1114 1115 1116 1117 1119 1120 1121 1122
0.95 1115 1116 1117 1119 1120 1121 1122 1124 1125 1126
1.00 1118 1119 1121 1122 1123 1124 1126 1127 1128 1129
1.05 1120 1122 1124 1125 1126 1128 1129 1130 1133 1133
1.10 1130 1132 1134 1135 1136
1.15 1138
1.20
1.25
1.30
1.35
1.40

Table for 23% (CO + CO2)

% 1600°F 1610°F 1620°F 1630°F 1640°F 1650°F 1660°F 1670°F 1680°F 1690°F
Carbon 871°C 877°C 882°C 888°C 893°C 899°C 904°C 910°C 916°C 921°C
0.10 1010 1010 1010 1011 1011 1012 1012 1012 1013 1013
0.15 1027 1028 1028 1029 1030 1030 1031 1031 1032 1033
0.20 1040 1041 1042 1043 1043 1044 1045 1046 1046 1047
0.25 1051 1052 1053 1054 1054 1055 1056 1057 1058 1059
0.30 1060 1061 1062 1063 1064 1065 1066 1067 1068 1069
0.35 1068 1069 1070 1071 1072 1073 1074 1075 1076 1077
0.40 1075 1076 1077 1078 1079 1080 1081 1083 1084 1085
0.45 1082 1083 1084 1085 1086 1087 1088 1089 1090 1091
0.50 1088 1089 1090 1091 1092 1093 1094 1095 1097 1098
0.55 1093 1094 1095 1097 1098 1099 1100 1101 1102 1103
0.60 1098 1099 1101 1102 1103 1104 1105 1106 1108 1109
0.65 1103 1104 1105 1107 1108 1109 1110 1111 1113 1114
0.70 1108 1109 1110 1111 1112 1114 1115 1116 1117 1119
0.75 1112 1113 1114 1116 1117 1118 1119 1121 1122 1123
0.80 1116 1117 1119 1120 1121 1122 1124 1125 1126 1127
0.85 1120 1121 1122 1124 1125 1126 1128 1129 1130 1131
0.90 1124 1125 1126 1128 1129 1130 1131 1133 1134 1135
0.95 1127 1129 1130 1131 1133 1134 1135 1137 1138 1139
1.00 1131 1132 1133 1135 1136 1137 1139 1140 1141 1143
1.05 1134 1136 1137 1138 1140 1141 1142 1144 1145 1146
1.10 1138 1139 1140 1142 1143 1144 1146 1147 1148 1150
1.15 1141 1142 1143 1145 1146 1148 1149 1150 1152 1153
1.20 1149 1151 1152 1153 1155 1156
1.25 1158 1159
1.30
1.35
1.40

Page 14 1122-IN-001-0-12
 Table for 23% (CO + CO2)
% 1700°F 1710°F 1720°F 1730°F 1740°F 1750°F 1760°F 1770°F 1780°F 1790°F
Carbon 927°C 932°C 938°C 943°C 949°C 954°C 960°C 966°C 971°C 977°C
0.10 1014 1014 1015 1016 1016 1017 1017 1018 1019 1019
0.15 1033 1034 1035 1036 1036 1037 1038 1039 1039 1040
0.20 1048 1049 1050 1050 1051 1052 1053 1054 1055 1056
0.25 1060 1061 1061 1062 1063 1064 1065 1066 1067 1068
0.30 1070 1070 1071 1072 1073 1074 1075 1076 1078 1079
0.35 1078 1079 1080 1081 1082 1083 1084 1085 1086 1088
0.40 1086 1087 1088 1089 1090 1091 1092 1093 1094 1096
0.45 1093 1094 1095 1096 1097 1098 1099 1100 1102 1103
0.50 1099 1100 1101 1102 1103 1105 1106 1107 1108 1109
0.55 1105 1106 1107 1108 1109 1111 1112 1113 1114 1115
0.60 1110 1111 1112 1114 1115 1116 1117 1119 1120 1121
0.65 1115 1116 1118 1119 1120 1121 1123 1124 1125 1126
0.70 1120 1121 1122 1124 1125 1126 1127 1129 1130 1131
0.75 1124 1126 1127 1128 1130 1131 1132 1133 1135 1136
0.80 1129 1130 1131 1133 1134 1135 1137 1138 1139 1141
0.85 1133 1134 1135 1137 1138 1139 1141 1142 1143 1145
0.90 1137 1138 1139 1141 1142 1143 1145 1146 1148 1149
0.95 1141 1142 1143 1145 1146 1147 1149 1150 1151 1153
1.00 1144 1146 1147 1148 1150 1151 1152 1154 1155 1157
1.05 1148 1149 1150 1152 1153 1155 1156 1157 1159 1160
1.10 1151 1153 1154 1155 1157 1158 1160 1161 1162 1164
1.15 1154 1156 1157 1159 1160 1162 1163 1164 1166 1167
1.20 1158 1159 1161 1162 1163 1165 1166 1168 1169 1171
1.25 1161 1162 1164 1165 1167 1168 1169 1171 1172 1174
1.30 1165 1167 1168 1170 1171 1173 1174 1176 1177
1.35 1174 1176 1177 1179 1180
1.40 1181 1183

Table for 23% (CO + CO2)

% 1800°F 1810°F 1820°F 1830°F 1840°F 1850°F 1860°F 1870°F 1880°F 1890°F
Carbon 982°C 988°C 993°C 999°C 1004°C 1010°C 1016°C 1021°C 1027°C 1032°C
0.10 1020 1020 1021 1022 1022 1023 1024 1025 1025 1026
0.15 1041 1042 1043 1043 1044 1045 1046 1047 1048 1049
0.20 1057 1058 1058 1059 1060 1061 1062 1063 1064 1065
0.25 1069 1070 1071 1072 1073 1074 1075 1076 1077 1078
0.30 1080 1081 1082 1083 1084 1085 1086 1087 1088 1089
0.35 1089 1090 1091 1092 1093 1094 1095 1096 1098 1099
0.40 1097 1098 1099 1100 1101 1102 1104 1105 1106 1107
0.45 1104 1105 1106 1107 1109 1110 1111 1112 1113 1115
0.50 1111 1112 1113 1114 1115 1117 1118 1119 1120 1122
0.55 1117 1118 1119 1120 1122 1123 1124 1125 1127 1128
0.60 1122 1124 1125 1126 1127 1129 1130 1131 1133 1134
0.65 1128 1129 1130 1131 1133 1134 1135 1137 1138 1139
0.70 1133 1134 1135 1137 1138 1139 1141 1142 1143 1145
0.75 1137 1139 1140 1141 1143 1144 1145 1147 1148 1149
0.80 1142 1143 1145 1146 1147 1149 1150 1151 1153 1154
0.85 1146 1148 1149 1150 1152 1153 1154 1156 1157 1159
0.90 1150 1152 1153 1154 1156 1157 1159 1160 1161 1163
0.95 1154 1156 1157 1158 1160 1161 1163 1164 1165 1167
1.00 1158 1159 1161 1162 1164 1165 1167 1168 1169 1171
1.05 1162 1163 1165 1166 1167 1169 1170 1172 1173 1175
1.10 1165 1167 1168 1170 1171 1172 1174 1175 1177 1178
1.15 1169 1170 1172 1173 1175 1176 1177 1179 1180 1182
1.20 1172 1174 1175 1176 1178 1179 1181 1182 1184 1185
1.25 1175 1177 1178 1180 1181 1183 1184 1186 1187 1189
1.30 1179 1180 1181 1183 1184 1186 1187 1189 1190 1192
1.35 1182 1183 1185 1186 1188 1189 1191 1192 1194 1195
1.40 1185 1186 1188 1189 1191 1192 1194 1195 1197 1198

1122-IN-001-0-12 Page 15
 Table for 23% (CO + CO2)
% 1900°F 1910°F 1920°F 1930°F 1940°F 1950°F 1960°F 1970°F 1980°F 1990°F
Carbon 1038°C 1043°C 1049°C 1054°C 1060°C 1066°C 1071°C 1077°C 1082°C 1088°C
0.10 1027 1028 1028 1029 1030 1031 1031 1032 1033 1034
0.15 1049 1050 1051 1052 1053 1054 1055 1056 1057 1058
0.20 1066 1067 1068 1069 1070 1071 1072 1073 1074 1075
0.25 1079 1080 1081 1082 1084 1085 1086 1087 1088 1089
0.30 1090 1091 1093 1094 1095 1096 1097 1098 1099 1100
0.35 1100 1101 1102 1103 1105 1106 1107 1108 1109 1110
0.40 1108 1110 1111 1112 1113 1114 1116 1117 1118 1119
0.45 1116 1117 1118 1120 1121 1122 1123 1125 1126 1127
0.50 1123 1124 1125 1127 1128 1129 1130 1132 1133 1134
0.55 1129 1130 1132 1133 1134 1136 1137 1138 1140 1141
0.60 1135 1136 1138 1139 1140 1142 1143 1144 1146 1147
0.65 1141 1142 1143 1145 1146 1147 1149 1150 1151 1153
0.70 1146 1147 1149 1150 1151 1153 1154 1155 1157 1158
0.75 1151 1152 1153 1155 1156 1158 1159 1160 1162 1163
0.80 1155 1157 1158 1160 1161 1162 1164 1165 1167 1168
0.85 1160 1161 1163 1164 1166 1167 1168 1170 1171 1173
0.90 1164 1166 1167 1168 1170 1171 1173 1174 1176 1177
0.95 1168 1170 1171 1173 1174 1175 1177 1178 1180 1181
1.00 1172 1174 1175 1177 1178 1179 1181 1182 1184 1185
1.05 1176 1177 1179 1180 1182 1183 1185 1186 1188 1189
1.10 1180 1181 1183 1184 1186 1187 1189 1190 1192 1193
1.15 1183 1185 1186 1188 1189 1191 1192 1194 1195 1197
1.20 1187 1188 1190 1191 1193 1194 1196 1197 1199 1200
1.25 1190 1192 1193 1195 1196 1198 1199 1201 1202 1204
1.30 1193 1195 1196 1198 1199 1201 1203 1204 1206 1207
1.35 1197 1198 1200 1201 1203 1204 1206 1207 1209 1210
1.40 1200 1201 1203 1204 1206 1207 1209 1211 1212 1214

Table for 23% (CO + CO2)

% 2000°F 2010°F 2020°F 2030°F 2040°F 2050°F 2060°F 2070°F 2080°F 2090°F
Carbon 1093°C 1099°C 1104°C 1110°C 1116°C 1121°C 1127°C 1132°C 1138°C 1143°C
0.10 1035 1035 1036 1037 1038 1039 1040 1041 1041 1042
0.15 1059 1060 1061 1061 1062 1063 1064 1065 1066 1067
0.20 1076 1077 1078 1079 1080 1081 1082 1083 1084 1086
0.25 1090 1091 1092 1093 1094 1096 1097 1098 1099 1100
0.30 1102 1103 1104 1105 1106 1107 1109 1110 1111 1112
0.35 1112 1113 1114 1115 1116 1118 1119 1120 1121 1122
0.40 1120 1122 1123 1124 1125 1127 1128 1129 1130 1132
0.45 1128 1130 1131 1132 1133 1135 1136 1137 1138 1140
0.50 1136 1137 1138 1139 1141 1142 1143 1145 1146 1147
0.55 1142 1143 1145 1146 1147 1149 1150 1151 1153 1154
0.60 1148 1150 1151 1152 1154 1155 1156 1158 1159 1160
0.65 1154 1155 1157 1158 1159 1161 1162 1164 1165 1166
0.70 1159 1161 1162 1164 1165 1166 1168 1169 1171 1172
0.75 1165 1166 1167 1169 1170 1172 1173 1174 1176 1177
0.80 1169 1171 1172 1174 1175 1176 1178 1179 1181 1182
0.85 1174 1175 1177 1178 1180 1181 1183 1184 1186 1187
0.90 1178 1180 1181 1183 1184 1186 1187 1189 1190 1192
0.95 1183 1184 1186 1187 1189 1190 1191 1193 1194 1196
1.00 1187 1188 1190 1191 1193 1194 1196 1197 1199 1200
1.05 1191 1192 1194 1195 1197 1198 1200 1201 1203 1204
1.10 1195 1196 1198 1199 1201 1202 1204 1205 1207 1208
1.15 1198 1200 1201 1203 1204 1206 1207 1209 1210 1212
1.20 1202 1203 1205 1206 1208 1209 1211 1213 1214 1216
1.25 1205 1207 1208 1210 1211 1213 1215 1216 1218 1219
1.30 1209 1210 1212 1213 1215 1216 1218 1220 1221 1223
1.35 1212 1214 1215 1217 1218 1220 1221 1223 1224 1226
1.40 1215 1217 1218 1220 1221 1223 1225 1226 1228 1229

WARRANTY
This product is warranted according to the General Warranty Statement that is part of the Terms and Conditions of
Sale of the Industrial Instruments Division, Barber-Colman Company.
The warranty for this product is effective for twelve months after shipment from Barber-Colman Company.

Eurotherm/Barber-Colman
741-F Miller Drive, Leesburg, VA 20175
Phone: 703-443-0000
Fax: 703-669-1300
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