PHINMA ARAULLO UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF ALLIED HEALTH SCIENCES

BronchoPneumonia
(A case study presentation)

Prepared By:
Aquino, Lhea-lyn F.

(2BSN)

Presented To:

Mr. Aristotle Corpuz

October 14, 2019

 DEMOGRAPHIC DATA

Name of the patient: patient X

Diagnosis: Bronchopneumonia

Sex: Male

Age: 2

Occupation: N/A ( Student)

Attending Physician: Dr. Cruz

Date admitted: October 02, 2019

Vital Signs: Bp: mmHg, Pulse/ Cardiac rate:146/ min, Respiratory: 46/

min, Temperature: 39⁰c

 Patient History

A patient X is 2 years old, male, patient x admitted in Eduardo L.

Joson medical hospital at October 02, 2019. Because of 3 days history of

cough associated with high grade fever.

They give patient x paracetamol and salbutamol, 1 day prs, and

difficulty of breathing with high grade fever.

 Physical Examination

condition of the patient: Febrile T: 39⁰c

Chief complaints : Cough

HEENT : PPC ,PA

C/L: (-) Cephalic clear and equal Bi

Hearth/ Cardio: AP,AB with LICS miu

Abdomen: flat and soft abdomen

Extremities: Full Pulses

Neuro Exam: ACS Is

Dx: Bronchopeumonia

What is Bronchopneumonia????

Is a category of lung infection. I t occurs when viruses, bacteria , or

fungi cause inflammations and infection in the alveoli(tiny air sacs) in the

lungs . Bronnchopneumonia is a type of pneumonia that causes

inflammation in the alveoli.

Sign and Symptoms:

-Fever

-cough that brings up mucus

- shortness of breath

- chest pain

-chills

-headache

- fatigue

-confusion or delirium
Medication for BPN

- Doctors will prescribe antibiotics if a bacterium is the

cause of your pneumonia. Most people begin to feel

better within three to five days after starting antibiotics

- Its important that you finish your entire course of

antibiotics to prevent the infection from returning and

to make sure it completely clears.

- Treatment in the hospital may invlude intravenous (Iv)

antibiotics and fluids if your blood oxygen levels are low

you may receive oxygen therapy to help them return to

normal.
 LABORATORY DEPARTMENT

URINALYSIS RESULT

(Macroscopic Examination )

October 02, 2019

Color Yellow
Sp. Gravity 1.020
pH 6.0
Albumin NEGATIVE
Sugar NEGATIVE
Epith. Cells FEW
WBC 0-2
RBC 0-2
M Threads RARE
 LABORATORY REPORT

(HEMATOLOGY RESULT)

Parameters Date Result Normal Values

Hemoglobin 10-02-2019 1 m:130-160g/L

F:120-150g/L

Hematocrit 10-02-2019 0.33 m:0.40-0.54

F:0.37-0.47

White blood cell 10-02-2019 5.0 5.0-10ₓ₉/L

count

Sementers 10-02-2019 0.52 0.45%-0.65%

Lymphocytes 10-02-2019 0.48 0.20%-0.35%

Monocytes 10-02-2019 0.04%-0.05%

Platelet Count 10-02-2019 252 150-350ₓ₉/L

Bleeding time 10-02-2019 2-5 mins

 Clotting time 10-02-2019 5-15 mins

HBsAg 10-02-2019
Screening
ANATOMY

Bronchopneumonia is form of pneumonia that’s

affects both the alveoli in the lungs and the bronchi. Symptoms of

bronchopneumonia can range from mild to severe. This condition is the

most common type of pneumonia in children and the leading cause of

death from infection in children aged under 5 years of age.

NURSING INTERVENTIONS

 Blood pressure monitoring. Measure blood pressure as indicated

 Monitoring pain. Note client report of pain in specific areas, whether

pain is increasing, diffused, or localized

 Medication regimen. There must be a periodic review of the

medication regimen of the client to identify medications that might
exacerbate bleeding problems

 Fluid replacement. Establish 8hrs fluid replacement needs

 Measurement and assessment. The output and input

 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Aspiration of gastric content or bacteria enter the lung

Inflammatory response

Cavity extend to bronchus

Abscess become encapsulated

Tissues necrotize

Increase production of sputum

Purulent sputum

MEDICAL INTERVENTIONS
 ORAL REHYDRATION THERAPY. Is recommended for patients with
moderate dehydration caused by high fever and vomiting.
 IV FLUIDS . IVF administration is indicated for patients with dehydration
 ORAL FLUIDS. Increase in oral fluids is also helpful
FOLLOWING DRUGS USED FOR DENGUE PATIENTS:
 PARACETAMOL
 CEFRIAXONE
 HYDROCORTISONE
 SALBUTAMOL
 DRUG STUDY
Name of Drugs Effects Adverse effect Action
PARACETAMOL Is pain  Lower fever and nausea Has a central
reliever and  Stomach pain analgesic effect that is
fever  Loss of appetite mediated through
reducer.  Dark urine activation of
Treat  Clay-colored stools descending
headache ,  Jaundice serotonergic
muscle pathways. Debate
aches, exists about its
arthritis, primary site of action
back ache, , which may be
toothaches inhibition of
and colds prostaglandin(PG)
synthesis or through
an active metabolite
influencing
cannabinoid receptor
CEFTRIAXONE Sodium and Over dosing of Neurobion Selectively and
dextrose  Rahes irreversibly inhibits
injection is  diarrhea bacterial cell wall
an  nausea synthesis by binding
antibacterial  vomiting to transpeptidases,
drug used  Upset stomach also called
to treat  Blood clots transamidases, also
conditions  Dizziness called transamidases,
such as  Headaches which are penicillin
lower  Pain or swelling in your binding proteins that
respiratory tongue catalyse the cross-
tract linking of the
 Changes in taste
infection peptidoglycan
skin and polymers forming the
skin bacterial cell wall
structure
infection.
HYDROCORTISONE This  Headache It is corticosteroid
medication  heratburn hormome receptor
is used to  trouble sleeping Agonist.
treat a  Nausea
variety of  Increase sweating
skin  Dizzines
condition
(e.g insects
bites,
poison oak,
dermatities
, allergies
,rash,itching
of the outer
female
genitals
,anal
itching)
reduces
swelling,
itching, and
redness that
can occur in
these
typews of
condition
SALBUTAMOL This drug  tremor It is a short acting B2
relaxes the  anxiety adrenergic receptor
smooth  headaches agonist which work by
muscle In  muscle cramps causing relaxation of
the lungs  dry mouth airways smooth
and opens muscle.
airways to
improve
breathing
 NURSING CARE PLAN
( FEVER )
ASSESSMENT DIAGNOSIS OUTCOME PLANNING INTERVENTI EVALUATION
IDENTIFICATION ON
Subjective: Hyperthermia Short term: After 4 hrs, of Independen
Ju8o8
“Mainit ang related to Client will be nursing t: After 4 hrs . Of
pakiramdam dehydration able to interventions nursing
ko”as verbalized maintains the patient . Monitor interventions ,
by the patient. adequate will maintain the heart the patient will
hydration core rate and able to maintain
Objective: status as temperature rhythm core
.Flushes evidenced by within normal . Record all temperature
skin,warm to good skin range. sources of within normal
touch turgor and oral fluids loss range.
V/S taken as mucous such as
follow: membrances , urine,
balanced fluids vomiting
Bp: mmHg, intake and and
output, and diarrhea
P:146/ min, stable vital sign . Promote
surface
Long term: cooling by
R: 46/ min, Client will means of
be able to TSB
T: 39. ⁰c participate in . Monitor
activities that temperatur
would promote e
the
maintenance of
adequate fluid
volume.
 (COUGH)
ASSESSMENT DIAGNOSIS OUTCOME PLANNING INTERVENTION EVALUATION

Subjective:  Activity Short term:  After 4 hrs INDEPENDENT: GOALS MET.

intolerance Client will of nursing
“Hindi ako related to be able to intervention Evaluat pt.
makatulog exhaustion maintains The patient response to
dahil sa ubo associated adequate will activity
ko” as with hydration demonstrate Provide a quite
verbalized interruption status as measurable environment
by the in usual evidenced increase in And limit
patient sleep by good skin tolerance in visitirsa during
pattern turgor and activity with acute phase
Objective: because of oral mucous absence of
discomfort membrances dyspnea and Encourage
Bp: mmHg, excessive , balanced excessive adequate rest
coughing fluids intake fatigue balanced with
P:146/ min, and and output, moderate
dyspnea and stable activity.Promote
vital sign adequate
R: 46/ min, nutritional
Long term: intake
T: 39. ⁰c Client
will be able Collaboratvie
to
participate Administer
in activities medication as
that would prescribe
promote the mucolystic or
maintenance expectorants
of adequate
fluid
volume.