QUESTION 3

(a) Draw a scatter plot of y (blood pressure rise in millimeters of mercury) versus x (sound
pressure level in decibels). Is it reasonable to assume that y and x is linearly related?

y x
(Blood pressure rise in millimeters of (sound pressure level in decibels)
mercury)
1 60
0 63
1 65
2 70
5 70
1 70
4 80
6 90
2 80
3 80
5 85
4 89
6 90
8 90
4 90
5 90
7 94
9 100
7 100
6 100
Scatter plot above shown the relationship between y (blood pressure rise in millimeters of
mercury) and x (sound pressure level in decibels). It shows that there is linearly related
between y and x.
(b) Find the correlation between these two variable. Interpret your result.

𝜮𝒙 = 𝟏𝟔𝟓𝟔
𝜮𝒚 = 𝟖𝟔
𝜮𝒙𝒚 = 𝟕𝟔𝟓𝟒
𝜮𝒙² = 𝟏𝟒𝟎𝟏𝟕𝟔
𝜮𝒚² = 𝟒𝟗𝟒
𝒏 = 𝟐𝟎

(𝜮𝒙)(𝜮𝒚)
𝑺𝑺𝒙𝒚 = 𝜮𝒙𝒚 −
𝒏
(86)(1656)
= 7654 −
20
= 533.2

(𝜮𝒙)²
𝑺𝑺𝒙𝒙 = 𝜮𝒙² −
𝒏
(494)²
= 140176 −
20
= 3059.2

(𝜮𝒚)²
𝑺𝑺𝒚𝒚 = 𝜮𝒚² −
𝒏
(86)²
= 494 −
20
= 124.2

𝑺𝑺𝒙𝒚
𝒓 =
√𝑺𝑺𝒙𝒙 𝑺𝑺𝒚𝒚
533.2
=
√(3059.2)(124.2)
= 0.865

The value of 𝑟 = 0.865 shows that the two variables have a strong positive correlation
(c) Using the LINEST function in Microsoft Excel, find the simple linear regression model.

𝑺𝑺𝒙𝒚
𝒃=
𝑺𝑺𝒙𝒙
533.2
=
3059.2
= 0.174

𝒂 = 𝒚 − 𝒃𝒙
= 4.3 − (0.174)(82.8)
= −10.11

𝒚 = 𝒂 + 𝒃𝒙
= −10.11 + 0.174𝑥

(d) Find the predicted mean rise in blood pressure level associated with a sound pressure
level of 85 decibels.

𝒙 = 𝟖𝟓

𝒚 = 𝒂 + 𝒃𝒙
= −10.11 + (0.174)(85)
= 4.68
(e) Compute a 99% confidence interval (CI) for the slope, B.

99% CI for the slope B

𝛼 = 0.01
𝛼/2 = 0.005

√𝑺𝑺𝒚𝒚 − 𝒃𝑺𝑺𝒙𝒚
𝑺𝒆 =
𝒏−𝟐
√(124.2) − (0.174)(533.2)
=
18
= 0.3114

𝑺𝒆
𝑺𝒃 =
√𝑺𝑺𝒙𝒙
0.3114
=
√3059.2
= 0.0056

𝒕𝟎.𝟎𝟎𝟓,𝟏𝟖 = 𝟐. 𝟖𝟕𝟖

𝒃 ± 𝒕𝜶/𝟐 . 𝑺𝒃
= 0.174 ± ( 2.878)( 0.0056)
= 0.174 ± (0.0161168)
= (0.1579 , 0.1901)