Q1. What Is Simulation?
design and implementation of a
A
Q2. What Is The Need For Simulation?
simulator is a collection of hardware
and software systems which are used
to mimic the behavior of some entity
or phenomenon. Simulators may also
be used to analyze and verify
theoretical models which may be too
difficult to grasp from a purely
conceptual level.
Q3. What Is The Classification Of
Simulation Systems? It is useful to
classify the system being simulated
into two separate categories
depending upon the degree of
randomness associated with the
behavior of the system in its
simulated environment. A system that
relies heavily upon random behavior
is referred to as a stochastic system.
The results generated from a
stochastic system are typically
analyzed statistically in order to make
conclusions regarding the behavior of
the system.
Conversely, a deterministic
simulation system incorporates
absolutely no random behavior
whatsoever. As such, the simulation
results for a given set of inputs will
always be identical. Simulations
involving circuit behavior are
examples of deterministic systems.
Q4. What Are Simulation Models?
Simulation Models: During the
simulator, various techniques and
strategies may be adopted to model
the behavior of a given system.
Depending upon the system to be
simulated, some techniques may be
more favorable than others. Factors
including the level of abstraction and
the desired accuracy and speed of the
simulation should be taken into
consideration when designing the
simulator engine. Traditionally,
simulators are designed using either
continuous or discrete-event
techniques to simulate a given system.
Q5. What Are The Advantages And
Disadvantages Of Simulation?
Q6. Explain Continuous Simulation?
Continuous simulators are
characterized by the extensive use of
mathematical formulae which
describe how a simulated component
responds when subjected to various
conditions. A continuous simulator
would apply those equations in the
context of the components'
environment and connectivity and
produce a continuous graph which
accurately reflects how the
components would react if they were
actually hooked up in reality. The
graphs usually reflect the changes in
the state of the system with respect to
time; however, other relationships
may also be demonstrated as well.
Q7. Explain Discrete-event Simulation?
Discrete-event simulation is used to
simulate components which normally
operate at a higher level of abstraction
than components simulated by
continuous simulators. Within the
context of discrete-event simulation,
an event is defined as an incident
which causes the system to change its
state in some way. For example, a
new event is created whenever a
simulation component generates
output.
Q8. List Some Open Source Circuit
Simulator Software List?
some known starting point, and we
take enough terms. However, one of
the drawbacks with Taylor's method is
that you need to differentiate your
function once for each new term you
want to calculate. Carl Runge
(pronounced "roonga") and Wilhelm
Kutta (pronounced "koota") aimed to
provide a method of approximating a
function without having to
differentiate the original equation.
Their approach was to simulate as
many steps of the Taylor's Series
method but using evaluation of the
original function only.
Y(x+h)= y(x)+1/6(F1+2F2+2F3+F4)
Where,

 Micro-Cap 10
 PECS
 Proteus
 QUCS
 Solve Elec
 XSpice
 MultiSim
 TopSpice Q11. Pseudo random number
 Circuit Simulator 1.5
 MacSpice Q12. Random number generation
 5Spice . technique

Q9. Sine wave representation of Q13. Advantages of queuing models

time
Q14. Poisson arrival pattern and
Q10. Runge-kutta method: Taylor's FCFS
Series gives us a reasonably good
Q15. PERT system, critical path
approximation to a function,
especially if we are near enough to
Q16. Inventory system, cost related to
inventory system.

Q.17 Pure-Pursuit Problem:

SIMULATION OF PURE PURSUIT
PROBLEM
Note:- Bomber Aircraft and the
Fighter Aircraft are flying in the same
horizontal plane. For simulation
purpose it is assumed that both the
Aircrafts are flying in a rectangular
coordinate system with corners (0, 0)
& (1000, 1000). Velocity of the
fighter Aircraft is assumed to be 20
units per second. When the distance
between the Bomber and the Fighter
is less than 100 units, it is assumed
that the Bomber is shot down. When
the distance between them is more
than 900 units, it is assumed that the
Bomber escapes from the sight of the
Fighter. The initial positions of the
Bomber and Fighter are decided
randomly. During the pursuit, the
position of the Bomber is randomly
generated.
Q18. Matlab or Scilab, or Octave
Q19. Rejection method from a given
non-uniform distribution
Q20. Mote-Carlo Method