Professional Documents
Culture Documents
HHHHH
HHHHH
Is an infection of the lower respiratory tract that generally follows an upper respiratory
tract infection. As a result of this viral (most common) or bacterial infection, the airways
become inflamed and irritated, and mucus production increases.
Causes
Acute bronchitis is usually caused by viruses. Established risk factors include a history of
smoking, occupational exposures, air pollution, reduced lung function, and heredity.
Children of parents who smoke are at higher risk for pulmonary infections that may lead
to bronchitis.
Assessment:
Diagnostic Evaluation:
Chest X-ray may rule out pneumonia. In bronchitis, films show no evidence of lung
infiltrates or consolidation.
Medical Management:
Pharmacologic Interventions:
Nursing Interventions:
Documentation Guidelines
Respiratory status of the patient: Respiratory rate, breath sounds, use of oxygen, color of
nail beds and lips; note any respiratory distress
Response to activity: Degree of shortness of breath with any exertion,degree of fatigue
Comfort, body temperature
Response to medications, oxygen,and breathing treatments
Need for assistance with activities of daily living
Response to diet and increased caloric intake, daily weights
1. Medications. Be sure that the patient understands all medications, including the dosage,
route, action, and adverse effects. Patients on aminophylline should have blood levels
drawn as ordered by the physician. Before being discharged from the hospital, the patient
should demon- strate the proper use of metered-dose inhalers.
2. Complications. Instruct patients to notify their primary healthcare provider of any change
in the color or consistency of their secretions. Green-colored secretions may indicate the
pres- ence of a respiratory infection. Patients should also report consistent, prolonged
periods of dyspnea that are unrelieved by medications.
3. Follow-up. Consider that patients with severe disease may need assistance with activities
of daily living after discharge. Note any referrals to social services. Send patients home
with a diet, provided by the dietitian and reinforced by the nurse, which provides a high-
caloric intake. Encourage the patient to cover the face with a scarf if he or she goes out-
of-doors in the winter. If the patient continues to smoke,provide the name of a smoking
cessation program or a support group. Encourage the patient to avoid irritants in the air.
Ineffective Airway Clearance
Assessment
Nursing Diagnosis
Outcomes
Nursing Interventions
Assessment
Nursing Diagnosis
Outcomes
Nursing Interventions
Assessment
Nursing Diagnosis
Outcomes
Nursing Interventions
Assessment
Irritability
Restlessness
Lethargy
Changes in posture
Difficulty of breathing which worsens at night
Nursing Diagnosis
Outcomes
Nursing Interventions
Assessment
Nursing Diagnosis
Risk for Spread of Infection RT Stasis of Secretions & Decreased Ciliary Action
Outcomes
Patient will identify interventions to prevent and/or reduce the risk of infection
Patient will have minimize or totally be free from the risk of infection.
Nursing Interventions
Review importance of breathing exercises, effective cough, frequent position changes, and
adequate fluid intake
o Rationale: These activities promote mobilization and expectoration of secretions to
reduce the risk of developing pulmonary infection.
Turn the patient q 2 hours
o Rationale: To facilitate secretion mov’t and drainage
Encourage increase fluid intake
o Rationale: To liquefy secretions
Stress the importance of handwashing to SO’s
o Rationale: Handwashing is the primary defense against the spread of infection
Teach the SO’s how to care for and clean respiratory equipment
o Rationale: Water in respiratory equipment is a common source of bacterial growth
Teach the SO’s the manifestations of pulmonary infections (change in color of sputum, fever,
chills) , self-care and when to call the physician
o Rationale: Early recognition of manifestations can lead to a rapid diagnosis.
Recommend rinsing mouth with water
o Rationale: To prevent risk of oral candidiasis.
Administer antimicrobial such as cefuroxime as indicated.
o Rationale: Given prophylactically to reduce any possible complications
Other Possible Nursing Care Plans
SUMBER : https://www.rnpedia.com/nursing-notes/medical-surgical-nursing-notes/acute-bronchitis/