GSM CONTROLLED SMART ELECTRIC METER

S.M Abdul Basit Imam, Muhammad Umer Sami, Abdul Aziz

Institute of Business Management (IoBM), College of Engineering Sciences (CES)

Korangi Creek, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan

Abstract: This project targets an intelligent metering information for distribution of the electrical
energy intelligently as well as effectively to the customers. Arduino and GSM based
prepaid/postpaid energy meters for advanced metering and charge system is ready to read and
send information via wireless protocol through GSM electronic equipment. GSM module uses
the network coverage of the SIM. Smart Electric Meter uses SMS or/and Wi-Fi to send the
power/unit information to cloud, so user will access the info area module Apps and websites.
Smart Electric meters can save cash, labour, efforts and time and at constant time it'll effectively
monitor the electricity consumption, usage and fraud. It’s safe and simple to use and user
friendly. The metering system uses low-cost elements which is able to decrease the general cost
of the instrumentality increasing its affordability and penetration in non-metering areas.

Keywords:

Smart Metering, Short Message Services (SMS), Global System for Mobile
Communication (GSM) and Arduino, Master Station Unit (MSU).

1. Introduction:

As the knowledge is progressing, the IoT’s mechanization controlling system is functional in

several simple structures like energy and river administration methods so as to make it easier for
people and managements. Thus, the system will reduce the problems of human being error and
struggles in terms of dominant and supervision. To gain this refined structure, the
communication and networking has the leading character to trace entire connectivity among the
specifics.

The task is to create the linkage structure that is highly healthy, at constant time low energy
consuming and low-priced.
Monitoring and keeping following of electricity consumption for verification may be a tedious
task these days since manual meter reading and recording is hip. it's necessary to understand
from the client read purpose that if one is charged fairly and consistent with the requirement.
Automation of the system can allow users to watch energy meter readings over the internet
within the time period [8].

Electricity meter is the most common device which is used to measure the quantity of electrical
energy used by means of the clients [7]. Registered companies put in these devices at every
single site like residential places, industries, organizations to charge the electrical energy usage
through loads such as LED bulbs, machinery and other applications. Furthermost remarkable
type is used as pay as you go energy calculation devices [2].

1
Units =

2
Pulse =

3
PF =

The electricity meters costs the immediate power consumption, calculate its product and offers
instant energy. This energy is built-in after a time period which provides the electrical energy
consumed after the duration. These may perhaps also be single or three phase meters depend on
on the source consumed by using housing or industrial installations. For residential customers, it
can be linked between phase and load. However for superior loads, step down current changers
need to be placed to separate power meters from greater flows.

2. Categories of Electric Meters:

i. Electromechanical induction kind of meter contains rotary aluminum disc set active on a
axle between twin electro-magnets. Rapidity of turning of disc is related to the energy
and this energy is combined over the practice of counter mechanism. This mechanism is
simple in building and accurateness is extremely much minus due to sidling and different
peripheral grounds. A fundamental difficulty with electrochemical meters is that they are
 inclined to tampering and theft. These are very oftentimes used in home-based and
industrialized purpose.
ii. Digital energy meters are pretty precise and consistent kinds of measuring devices as in
contrast to previous meters [4]. It takes a lesser amount of power and begins calculating
straight away once linked to load. These machines would possibly be analog or digital. In
analog meters, energy is altered to relative rate or pulse frequency and it is combined by
counters positioned interior it. In this meter electricity is without delay calculated by high
cease workstation. The power is flows through sensors routes to develop the electricity
and similarly for testing and regulation drive. After that point it is renewed to regularity
or pulse frequency [5].
iii. Smart Energy Metering machine is superior metering machinery getting able to take,
practice and records the calculation of the customer’s usage. It processes electricity
consumption, when required converts the supply and as a consequence in a same way
minus the extreme electrical energy usage. It cancels the human efforts to take the
readings for monthly electricity bill. Additional advantage of this device is it cancels all
kinds of leakages and giving an option on website account. Therefore it has no tampering.

3. Smart Meters:

A Smart meter is the expanded model of a conventional analog electrical energy meters being
used in 95% of the places all through the world. They come with an in-home display graph that
specifies how much electricity is consuming by customer in rupees and units, then sends capture
data to user account which shows estimated bill. Smart meters calculates how much electrical
energy one is using, as properly as at what fee and presents it on users account. This device
displays consumption and as programmed transfers all the information to the electricity provider
after every 30 days [3].

Advantages to Electric Companies:

a. Eliminates manual monthly meter readings

b. Monitors the electric machine much more quickly
c. Makes it feasible to use electricity sources more efficiently
 d. Provides real-time facts that is useful for balancing electric masses whilst
reducing power outages (i.e., blackouts)
e. Enables dynamic pricing, which raises or lowers the cost of electricity primarily
based on demand
f. Avoids the capital rate of constructing new strength plant life
g. Helps to optimize earnings with present assets.

Usually the present Smart meters accessible in the market have the following features [8]:

a. The have a built in LCD for showing the real-time data.

b. They are based around a micro-controller (ATMEGA328/AT89S51)
c. They use GSM for speaking the billing and unit’s statistics to consumer and
Power Company.
d. Displays actual time devices used/left, electricity ate up and invoice data.
e. CT and Voltage transformer interface for energy calculations.
f. The running frequency is 50Hz.
g. The operating voltage is 250V.
h. The pulse charge of electric meter is 3200/kwh.
i. GSM modem: tri band GSM modem.

Addition features:

a. IOT primarily based monitoring on the use of internet site and app.
b. Integration to the Smart Home.
c. One to many monitoring.

4. Proposed System:

The proposed proposed electricity meter with advanced prepaid billing device is a system to
make electrical energy billing consumer friendly and a lot more readable to the common man.
The Smart Energy meter includes an energy meter, a GSM modem, a microcontroller (Arduino)
and a relay circuit, which is linked between the power meter and the load. The offered smart
electricity meter is capable to deliver all the metering and billing facilities like counting the used
energy, sending the produced invoice via the SMS (short message service) over the GSM service
as well as the security services like tempering etc. Truthfully at present, the electricity system of
Pakistan is fully conventional and it is actual highly slow, defective so our offered electricity
meter is incredibly justified for countrywide placement [9].

A Smart meter works by way of immediate contact without delay with wi-fi information
procedure through your power seller, so the company will continuously get exact meter reading
and there is no want for us to take a meter studying through ourselves [5]. Proposed system can
work in a range of distinct customs, consisting of the use of wireless cellular cellphone type
technology to ship data [6].

Algorithm for Encoding Work Station Readers:

The algorithm for encoding a Terminal Readers has been mentioned in the following.
i. Phase 1: Look for the customer to set the Smart Card in the 1st port.
ii. Phase 2: Reset the Display screen along with the counter units of the TR and verify
either this are thoroughly in reset situation.
iii. Phase 3: Look at the cost value (consumable level of power for the particular
voucher) of the voucher with check the charges. When it is higher than M( lowest
level of power absorbed in storage space time period ) transmit logic ‘1’ to each the
I/P of the J-K F/F to boosts the transfer models RU1 with RU2 as well as to link the
primary replace with the energy connection along with the optical source( OS ) with
the traffic . Pair the section; make an account to keep the electricity utilized when it
comes to cost price for a limited period in addition to assist the EPROM. Fix the
metering system along with the converter that transforms the electricity utilized to
cost price.
iv. Phase 4: Verify the validity of the Voucher. In case it is not authenticated, show
“the voucher is not valid” and also look for the customer to set a different voucher.
However the validity of the voucher is checked out. This method would be done
again for a limited time period.
v. Phase five: Verify the cost price of the charge card with that saved in the ROM of
the TR. In case it is equivalent to P- M, show “the amounts are zero”.
vi. Phase six: Study an indication from the front section regarding if another charge
card are going to be entered or otherwise.
vii. Phase seven: When there is absolutely no network (i.e. fresh charge card will never
be entered), forward ‘1’ to the F/F to de-energizes RU1 as well as RU2 so the
electrical power cable would be cut off via shift S1 or OS is going to be turned off
 from the traffic by means of key S2 as the two the I/P of the OR gateway has
become 0.
viii. Phase eight: When a message is get from the front part section, screen to install the
charge card in the 2nd port and also request to insert the fresh password.
ix. Phase nine: Verify the password with that saved in the ROM, In case it is not
matched up, in that case request to insert another password this method is going to
be continued for a limited period. After the period ends, show “period over”
together with forward ‘1’ to cut the source. At this point when there is any kind of
disrupt for example energy is linked by someone( At this point the hooking position
is seen as identified , but then to stay away from interference and also threat to cut
the hooking , the customer needs to contact an electric professional who might not
be located at that point . However the offered method will help us to obtain the
customer free of the trouble of hooking by disconnecting the series from the
hooking purpose as well as reconnecting the cable by means of an additional neglect
cable. [2])
x. Phase ten: Study disrupt along with the form of interruption.
xi. Phase eleven: Verify the form of interruption.
xii. Phase twelve: In case the interruption is because of energy hooking, forward ‘1’ to
each input/output of the J-K F/F also to the device RU3 to link the by-pass wire.
However if it really is because of denial of the charge card, forward ‘1’ to only the
inputs/outputs of the J-K F/F to remove the primary cable via RU1 and also RU2.
xiii. Phase thirteen: Whenever the charge card is once again placed in the initial port,
whereas an interruption takes place. Forward ‘1’ to each of the I/P of the J-K F/F to
reline the electrical power cable with the key shift along with the OS with the traffic
by means of RU2 or RU1 respectively , although RU3 stays non-active [1].
 Start
Read any interrupt presnt at the input terminal

Reset Display and

Counter Unitset Select the type of the interrupt,whether it is due to
power hacking (I1) or due to card withdrawn (I2)

If D & C = 0?
If I1?
NO From B
Yes YES NO
Place the Card and Compre its Authentication
If I2 ?
YES NO
Card is not
Valid is not Display"No Balance" Connect the J-K Flip Flop and send Logic 1 to
If Authenticated?
the J and K inout of the J - K F/F
YES From A
Send logic 1 to both
NO
Read the Consumeable the I/P of the J - K
(price) Value of the Card F/F and to the Relay Insert the card in the second slot
unit to connect the
bypass line
Enter the new password
If P-M=0? YES
NO NO
Check the password with that stored in ROM
Read the Meter reading from the meter EPROM, convert it to price
value and compare it with that of the card
NO
If it is valid? If the time over?
Send logic 1 to both the I/P of the J-K F/F to connect the main switch with the main Yes
line . Set the register to stotre the enrgy consumed in terms of price value and set
the counter. Entering password is over

Compare EC with P
B

If EC = P - M?
NO
YES
Balance is zero. Read a signal S2 from the front panel to know whether a new
card will placed or not.

If S2 = 1?
A
NO Yes
Send a signal to disconnect
the supply line with the
main switch and the meter.

Stop

Figure 1 Circulation Map for Users [Source: 978-1-4673-6374- 7©2013 IEEE]

Our proposed system is additionally having some unique features like

1. Operating frequency 50 hz

2. Operating voltage 250v

3. Pulse charge 3200/kwh

4. GSM modem: tri band GSM modem

5. Memory: non-volatile

Table 1 : Difference between Proposed meters and Traditional Electricity Digital Meter

S.No Features Regular Proposed

1. Manual operated / Manually operated Intelligent
Intelligent
Examining Possibility of examining Very minimum
2. Miscalculation inaccuracy is extremely huge
3. Rate of overall This is a steady procedure Is extremely swift
performance
4. Top up your energy Not any power up alternative Account will be charged up
facility again by broadband as well
as independent one-way link

5. Duration recommended Heavy period needed for the Roughly nil time period
to repay the monthly system to be aware of the necessary for settling up of
bill sum of money in order to the monthly bill
take care of the monthly bill.
6. Person strength Great individual potential Zero individual strength
mandatory needed
7. Amount Productive price is quite high Relatively modest
8. Security Simply no security Secure and safe

5. Results:

The GSM/GPRS station is a identically advantageous skill of communication. Transferring

user’s information in a SMS manner is a very important tool. The GPRS method presents us a
station to transfer the packets of information to the MSU. The meter number, credit card variety
and the security code are despatched as packets of data to the MSU. There, the card’s validity,
the authentication of the card and the security code is tested and the amount is deducted from the
corresponding customer’s account. Hence the payment assignment is effortlessly achieved [10].

5.1 Outcome – 1 :

Figure 1 presents all parts are linked and working. It has meter, LCD, modem, GSM and bulbs.

Figure 2 The Digital Meter Device Showing Modem is linked

5.2 Outcome – 2 :

After ensuring whether the system is connected to the internet or not. It then checks for the sms
to provide other relevant information to facilitate customer.

Figure 3 LCD Display screen showing The Digital meter Examining FOR Text message
 5.3 Outcome 3:

It shows complete information which appears on every user’s profile respective to their
consumed power usage. Moreover, it presents day by day usage also, if it is required by the user.

Figure 4 Screenshot of Complete Details on Electricity Company Website.

5.4 Outcome 4:

To be able to execute the wireless functions for the metering device the structure for the Text
messaging order to get in touch with the digital meter device will be as entails:

Figure 5 Screenshot of Customer Sign in [source: Website Page]

 5.5 Analysis of the Electrical Consumption for the Model:

It demonstrates the typical electrical consumption of the machine for the various stages that the
machine experiences. The very first noticeable circumstance is the machine utilizes nearly one
half of the energy whenever functioning from a 6V power supply. This is due to the large
quantities of the energy attracted is controlled linearly to 5V; the duration of the energy is
dissipated like high temperature. Accordingly the current attracted is around the same thing,
however the energy reduces like the power supply voltage gets near 5V. This power usage may
be substantially upgraded by using a regulator rather than of a linear regulator.

Table 2 Analysis of the Electrical Consumption for the Model on 6Volt and 12Volt
S.NO Volt Ampere Watt
1. Unit Start-up 12 266 3.192

2. Unit Start-up 6 274 1.644

3. General Packet Radio 12 401 4.812

Services System
subscription
4. General Packet Radio 6 411 2.466
Services System
subscription
5. General Packet Radio 12 421 5.052
Services link ( logging)
6. General Packet Radio 6 444 2.664
Services link ( logging)
7. Routine procedure 12 302 3.624
(between logging)
8. Routine procedure 6 314 1.884
(between logging)
 Electrical Consumption Analysis
Ampere vs Watt
Ampere Watt

444
401 411 421

302 314
266 274

3.192 1.644 4.812 2.466 5.052 2.664 3.624 1.884

Figure 6 Consumptions Analysis of Current and Voltage

 Electrical Consumption Analysis
Power vs Voltage
14
12 12 12 12 12
10
Supplied Voltage

8
6 6 6 6 6
4.812 5.052
4 3.624
3.192
2 2.466 2.664
1.644 1.884Watt
0 Volt

Consumed Power

Figure 7 Electricity Consumptions Analysis between power and Voltage

6. Conclusion:

Arduino and GSM primarily based Smart Energy Meter for advanced metering and billing
machine is built which is in a position to study and send statistics through wi-fi protocol using
GSM science via GSM modem, succesful of managing the meter as properly as the line
connection. Though, this task wants more modification for more reliable and higher degree of
pride and safety. For GSM module the coverage coverage of the SIM used is one might be bit
difficult due to network power issues.
 7. References:

[1] Win Adiyansyah Indra, Fatimah Bt Morad, Norfadzlia Binti Mohd Yusof and Siti Asma Che Aziz,
“GSM-Based Smart Energy Meter with Arduino Uno”, International Journal of Applied Engineering
Research, Vol. 13, No. 6, pp. 3948-3953, 2018.
[2] M. Patel Umang and M. Modi Mitul, “A Review on Smart Meter System”, International Journal of
Innovative Research in Electrical, Electronics, Instrumentation and Control Engineering, Vol. 3, No. 12,
December 2015.
[3] M. S. Vidyashree, “GSM Based Smart Energy Meter to Implement Billing System and To Control
Electricity Theft”, International Journal of Current Engineering and Scientific Research (IJCESR), Vol.
4, No. 1, 2017
[4] Samarth Pandit, Sneha Mandhre, Meghana Nichal, “Smart Energy Meter using internet of Things
(IoT)”, VJER-Vishwakarma Journal of Engineering Research, Vol. 1, No. 2, pp. 222-229, June 2017.
[5] Ashna.k, Sudhish N George, "GSM Based Automatic Energy Meter Reading System with Instant
Billing", 978-1-4673-5090-7/13/$31.00 ©2013 IEEE.
[6] Subhashis Maitra, “Embedded Energy Meter- A New Concept To Measure The Energy Consumed By A
Consumer And To Pay The Bill", 978-1-4244-1762-9/08/$25.00 ©2008 IEEE.
[7] Ashna.k, Sudhish N George, "GSM Based Automatic Energy Meter Reading System with Instant
Billing", 978-1-4673-5090-7 IEEE, This project was supported and financed by National Institute of
Technology, Calicut, INDIA, 673601, 2013.
[8] Shaista Hassan Mir, Sahreen Ashruf, Sameena, Yasmeen Bhat and Nadeem Beigh, “Review on Smart
Electric Metering System Based on GSM/IOT”, Asian Journal of Electrical Sciences, ISSN: 2249-6297,
Vol. 8, No. 1, 2019, pp. 1-6.
[9] Md. Masadur Rahman, Noor-E-Jannat, Mohd. Ohidul Islam, Md. Serazus Salakin, “Arduino and GSM
based smart energy meter for advanced metering and billing system”, (ICEEICT), 2015.
[10] P. Bharath, N. Ananth, S. Vijetha, K.V. Jyothi Prakash, “Wireless Automated Digital Energy Meter”, IEEE
International Conference on Sustainable Energy Technologies, 2008.