A technical seminar report on

PRE ENGINEERED BUILDINGS

submitted to

SARDAR VALLABHBHAI NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF

TECHNOLOGY SURAT
In partial fulfilment of the requirements

For the award of the degree of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
In

CIVIL ENGINEERING
By

ANIL KUMAR PALIWAL

(U16CE054)
Under the guidance of

Dr.S.R .SURYAWANSHI
(Assistant Professor)

APPLIED MECHANICS DEPARTMENT

SARDAR VALLABHBHAI NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF
TECHNOLOGY SURAT
2016-2020
 CONTENTS

 Abstract

 Introduction

 History

 Prefab concept

 Erection of components

 Applications

 Comparision between preengineered buildings and conventional buildings

 Advantages

 Disadvantages

 Conclusion

 Bibliography
 ABSTRACT

A prefabricated structure or building is a structure that has several factory built components
that are assembled on a site. These pre-made components can consist of panels, modules
or transportable sections.

Constructing manufactured homes typically involves connecting plumbing and electrical

lines across the sections, and sealing the sections together.

Manufactured homes can be built onto a permanent foundation, and if designed correctly, can
be difficult to distinguish from a stick-built home to the untrained eye.

The entire fabrication works are done using contemporary architectural principles.0these structures
are more advantageous than conventional one’s.

In this paper, we discussed about the concept, application areas, advantages, and disadvantages of
the modular houses.
INTRODUCTION

With respect Technological improvement over the years has contributed immensely to the
enhancement of quality of life through various new products and services. One such
revolution was the pre engineered buildings. Through its origin can be traced back to 1960’s
its potential has been felt only during the recent years. This was mainly due to the
development in technology, which helped in computerizing the design and design.

initially only off the shelf products were available in these configurations aided by the
technological Though development tailor made solutions are also made using this technology
in very short durations. A recent survey by the Metal Building Associations (MBMA) shows
that about 60% of the non residential low rises building in USA are pre engineered buildings.

Although PEB systems are extensively used in industrial and many other non
residential constructions world wide, it is relatively a new concept in India. These concepts
were introduced to the Indian markets lately in the late 1990’s with the opening up of the
economy and a number of multi nationals setting up their projects. . The current pre
engineered steel building manufacturing capacity is 0.35 million tones per annum. The
industry is growing at the compound rate of 25 to 30 %.

to design of the structure and aesthetic appearance India is way behind. Indian
manufacturers are trying to catch up; comparatively PEB’s is a new concept in India. Beside,
in fabrication and other areas of PEB India is very good. As compared to other countries Indian
codes for building design are stringent but safer. IS standards are upgraded continuously. In
India, American codes are also followed.

WORD ORIGIN

The word "Prefab" is not an industry term like modular home, manufactured home,
panellized home, or site-built home. The term is an amalgamation of panellized and
modular building systems, and can mean either one. In today's usage the term "Prefab" is
more closely related to the style of home, usually modernist, rather than to a particular
method of home construction.

History of prefab buildings:

Buildings have been built in one place and reassembled in another throughout history.
Possibly the first advertised prefab house was the Manning Portable Cottage. A London
carpenter, Henry Manning, constructed a house that was built in components, then shipped
and assembled by British emigrants.
This was published at the time (advertisement, South Australian Record, 1837) and a few
still stand in Australia. One such is the “Friends Meeting House, Adelaide”. The peak year for
the importation of portable buildings to Australia was 1853, when several hundred arrived.
These have been identified as coming from Liverpool, Boston and Singapore (with Chinese
instructions for re-assembly). In Barbados the Chattel house was a form of prefabricated
building which was developed by emancipated slaves who had limited rights to build upon
land they did not own. As the buildings were moveable they were legally regarded
as chattels.

Concept of prefabricated buildings:

. Manufactu red "Prefabricated" may refer to buildings built in components (e.g. panels),
modules (modular homes) or transportable sections (manufactured homes), and may also
be used to refer as mobile homes, i.e., houses on wheels. Although similar, the methods
and design of the three vary wildly. There are two-level home plans, as well as custom
home plans. There are considerable differences in the construction types Modular homes
are created in sections, and then transported to the home site for construction and
installation. These are typically installed and treated like a regular house, for financing,
appraisal and construction purposes, and are usually the most expensive of the three.
Although the sections of the house are prefabricated, the sections, or modules, are put
together at the construction much like a typical home. Manufactured and mobile houses
are rated as personal property and depreciate over time.

The modular houses are constructed in accordance with the IBC (International Building
Code).

Constructing manufactured homes typically involves connecting plumbing and electrical

lines across the sections, and sealing the sections homes can be built onto a permanent
foundation, and if designed correctly, can be difficult to distinguish from a stick-built home
to the untrained eye.

Manufactured homes are typically purchased from a retail sales company, initially
assembled by a local contracting company, and follow-up repairs performed by the
manufactured home company under warranty.

A manufactured home, once assembled, goes through a "settling-in" period, where the
home will settle into its location. During this period, some drywall cracking may appear, and
any incorrectly installed appliances, wiring, or plumbing should be repaired, hopefully under
warranty. If not covered under warranty, the costs will be borne by the consumer. For this
reason, it is important that the consumer ensure that a reputable and honest contractor is
used for the initial set-up. If any repairs are not completed by the initial set-up crew, the
manufacturer will send repair crews to repair anything covered by the warranty. The
secondary repair team must be scheduled, and may not be available immediately for most
repairs. Just because a manufactured home has been assembled does not mean it is
immediately inhabitable; appropriate ventilation, heating, plumbing, and electrical systems
must be installed by a set-up crew, otherwise, the buyer must wait for the manufacturer
repair team or do it themselves.

ERECTION OF COMPONENTS

The Standard Prefabricated Building System consists of a Welded Tubular and Structural
Steel Frame with a Panelised Wall and Roof System. The Floor is Structural Grade Plywood
with Vinyl Composition Tile. A complete Electrical system is provided and includes Lights,
Duplex Outlets, Switches, Sub Panel, Breakers, Conduits and Wiring. HVAC package is
mounted in a Pre-framed Panel and supplies Cooling, Heating and Fresh Air.

All building components are prefabricated and completely modular in design. Prefabricated
Buildings can be designed for Interior or Exterior use.
 . Panels
The prefabricated building wall and ceiling panels are nominal 3-inch thick with
standard sizes from 4’ *8’ to 4’*10’ tall. Custom heights over 10’ are also available.
Standard Metal wall panels will have either Embossed 24 ga. repainted steel or .019
prepainted aluminium skins laminated to 1/8" tempered hardboard both sides of
honeycomb or expanded polystyrene foam core. Many more custom panel
configurations are available.
 Posts
Posts are to be of four-piece design to form a non-progressive wall system. Cavity of
posts will allow use of approved steel electrical boxes that are now required by
building codes. Prefabricated building posts shall also act as raceways for phone
lines, data lines, and other electrical lines. The structural elements of the posts shall
be connected by machine bolts and nuts
 Base channel
Base channel provides support for wall panels and posts while allowing space for
anchors or post uplift connectors. Its low profile design is aesthetically pleasing and
eliminates the need for additional base molding.
 Capping channel
Capping channel acts as a support for vertical deck loads in addition to serving as a
continuous diaphragm member.
 Doors
Door material will match wall panels and be framed in an aluminum channel for
heavy traffic areasDoor jamb is a heavy duty extrusion. All doors are factory prehung
with hinges and door lockset.
 Windows
Standard fixed windows with tempered safety glass are installed in aluminum
frame. Window units are completely modular. Horizontal sliding and pass thru
windows can also be provided with clear anodized finish.
  Roof system
Standard Steel faced, foam core, flat metal panels..

 Electrical
Surface Mount Fluorescent light fixtures, less tubes. Duplex outlets and light
switches, 120v, with approved electrical box and post prep. Sub panel and breakers.

 Floor
Standard 1 1/8” thick Plywood with 12” x 12” x 1/8” vinyl floor tile.

Specifications are subject to change without notice.

APPLICATIONS:

The designs are so unique that they greatly influence practical engineering and
contemporary architecture. The entire fabrication works are done using contemporary
architectural principles. Moreover, all the industrial prefabricated structures, office
prefabricated structures are custom designed, according to the needs and preferences of
the customers. The structures can be applied to numerous applications and are ideal for any
non-residential low-rise building. Some of the application areas include

 Residential houses

 Factory
 Workshop
 Warehouse
 Exhibition center
 Multi-purpose hall

 Showrooms
 Aircraft hangers
 Supermarkets
 Sports centres
 Auditoriums
 Gas stations
 Bridges
 Railway platforms,etc.
Modular vs. Traditional Construction
There's a huge difference between modular construction and the conventional, traditional
kind. More than just the general look and feel, modular buildings offer invaluable
advantages that most traditional building methods don't even come close to touching.

 Durability

With the heavy use in commercial applications, the assets must endure the test of time and
durability. These modular wall systems are equipped with a polystyrene foam core with
bounce back protection. This prevents the puncture problems associated with conventional
construction using wood or steel studs.

 Less Mess

Since the product is pre-manufactured in the factory, there is no need to cover machinery
or adjacent offices from dust and noise when erecting.
  Fast Installations

A typical 12’ x 16’ building is installed in less than a day. Hence quicker occupancy is
achieved.

 Expandability

With the fast paced growth of today's business, change is inevitable. this system gives the
flexibility to adapt and accommodate. Modular construction lets you upsize or downsize
with minimal down time.

 Sound Quality

Conventional construction has little or no sound attenuation value. Modular construction

has up to twice the sound-insulating value of conventional construction. With warehouse
noise sometimes being a factor in productivity, modular construction offers a better
alternative.

 Reusable

With modular construction, your building can be relocated with ease. You can disassemble
the system and reassemble in a new configuration to suit the current needs.

 Cost Savings

Prefabricated buildings have lower initial cost and faster delivery as compared to
conventional buildings, especially when it comes to low rise buildings. also, We can save up
to 30% on modular construction when compared to conventional construction. There are
no paint crews, drywall hangers, or electricians needed to install our systems.

 Tax Benefits

Modular buildings can be depreciated in 7 years as opposed to conventional construction,

which is 39-1/2 years. Because we can accelerate the depreciation, we can recoup our cost
sooner, therefore saving money.

 Time Saving

No need to schedule and manage dozens of subcontractors going in and out of your facility
with little or no accountability. Our staff can take care of all your needs.

 Complete modular structure

 No need for formwork and scaffolding
 Reduced construction time
  Minimum on-site congestion
 Effective control on quality
 Overall less costs of operations
 No disturbance due to bad weather or hazardous environments
 Minimum waste generation

DISADVANTAGES:

 Prefabricated houses are not necessarily 'better' for the environment than
conventional houses. In fact, both prefabricated houses and conventional houses are
bad for the environment. This is mostly because of the building materials and energy
inputs they demand.
 Most prefab and most conventional homes do not use renewable building materials,
and instead use materials that involve a great deal of energy to create. Brick,
concrete, steel - all of these are high-energy materials that typically must be shipped
long distances.
 Wood is certainly renewable, but in a world of wood homes there would be few
trees left. Wood takes many years for trees to reproduce; and the amount of logging
that happens in the name of woody construction materials is tragic.
 Though it isn't allowed everywhere due to strict, poorly written building codes -
straw bale housing and recycled-materials housing are by far the green structures
exemplar.

 CONCLUSION:
Due to the flexibility of the structure in expandability and appearance this prefab
houses are the best choice. From the several advantages like reusability, high scrap
value, durability, less construction time makes this user friendly. Also, they can be
installed in passive weather conditions also