Recent

Trends in Nanobiotechnology

Food and Biomedical Applications






Recent Trends in Nanobiotechnology

Food and Biomedical Applications










Prakash Saudagar
K. Divakar


This edition has been published by Central West Publishing, Australia
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ISBN (print): 978-1-925823-70-7
Contents

Preface IX

1. Applications of Biodegradable Nanocomposite 1
Films for Food Packaging
Vikas S. Hakke, Shirish H. Sonawane, Irina Potoroko
and Irina Kalinina

1.1 Introduction 1
1.1.1 Synthetic and Natural Polymers used 2
for Food Packaging
1.1.2 Nanotechnology in Food Processing 3
1.1.3 Micro- and Nano-encapsulation 4
Techniques
1.2 Encapsulation Technologies for Preserving 6
Properties of Bioactive Substances in Food
Matrix
1.3 Characteristics of Nanocomposite Films 9
1.3.1 Anti-oxidant Nanocomposite Films 11
1.3.2 Nanosensors for Pathogen Detection 12
1.3.3 Anti-microbial Food Packaging 12
1.4 Preparation Methods of Nanocomposite Films 13
1.5 Limitations of Nanocomposite Films and 13
Future Scope
1.6 Conclusions and Future Aspects 16
References 16

2. Nanotechnology Developments in Food Packaging 23
K. Radha Krishnan, Prakash Kumar Nayak, S. Babuskin
and C. Chandramohan

2.1 Introduction 23
2.1.1 Limitations of Present Packaging 24
Systems and Prospects for
Nanotechnology based Packaging
Systems
2.2 Nanoparticles and Nanocomposites 25
2.2.1 Clay 28
2.2.2 Silver 29
2.2.3 Zinc Oxide (ZnO) 31
VI Contents

2.2.4 Titanium Oxide 31

2.2.5 Copper Oxide 32
2.2.6 Carbon Nanotubes 32
2.3 Bionanocomposites 32
2.4 Food Packaging Developments 34
2.4.1 Active Packaging 34
2.4.2 Intelligent Packaging 38
2.5 Regulatory Issues 42
2.6 Conclusion 43
References 43

3. Nanosensors for Detection of Toxins and 55
Pathogens in Food
B. Ramya Sree and K. Divakar

3.1 Introduction 55
3.2 Magnetic Nanoparticles (MNPs) as Bacterial 56
Sensors
3.3 Nano-biosensors 57
3.3.1 Immuno-based Nanosensors 57
3.3.2 Nanosensors based on 58
Bacteriophages
3.3.3 Nanosensors based on Aptamers 59
3.3.4 Nanosensors based on Peptides 63
(Anti-microbial Peptides)
3.4 3D Printing Technologies for Nanobiosensors 63
3.5 Conclusions 64
References 64

4. Recent Developments in Nanomaterials based 75
Diagnostics, Targeted Drug Delivery, their
Efficiency and Potential
Shadab Ahmed, Naeem Shaikh, Nachiket Pathak and
Akshay Sonawane

4.1 Introduction 75
4.2 Nanomaterials based Targeted Drug Delivery 75
and their Potential
4.3 Three dimensional or 3D Nanofabrication for 78
Biomedical Applications
4.3.1 Fabrication Methods 78
Contents VII

4.3.2 Device Structures 79

4.3.3 Biomedical Applications of 3D 82
Fabricated Nanobiosensors
4.3.4 Advantages over Traditional 83
Diagnostic Tools
4.4 Advances in Applications of Virus-based 83
Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications
4.4.1 Advent of Virus-based Nanoparticles 84
for Therapeutic Applications
4.4.2 Drug Delivery using Virus-based 85
Nanoparticles
4.4.3 Virus-based Imaging Probes 87
4.5 Outlook 88
References 89

5. Recent Advances in the Treatment of Infectious 97
Diseases Using Nanoparticles
Santanu Sasidharan, Shweta Raj and Prakash
Saudagar

5.1 Introduction 97
5.1.1 Different Types of Nanoparticles 99
5.2 Characteristics of Nanoparticles 102
5.2.1 Morphological Characterization 103
5.2.2 Structural Characterization 103
5.2.3 Surface Area and Particle Size 103
Characterization
5.2.4 Optical Characterization 104
5.3 Classification of Nanoparticles 104
5.3.1 Inorganic Nanoparticles 104
5.3.2 Organic Nanoparticles 108
5.4 Role of Nanotechnology Against Infectious 111
Diseases
5.4.1 Leishmaniasis 111
5.4.2 Malaria 112
5.4.3 Trypanosomiasis 112
5.5 Nanoparticles as Effective Drug Delivery 113
Systems
5.6 Current Clinical Trials and Market Analysis 115
5.7 Conclusions and Future Perspective 115
References 116
VIII Contents

Index 127
Preface

Application of nanoparticles/nanomaterials for food and biomedical
technology is a rapidly developing interdisciplinary research field.
Rapid improvements in nanoscience and nanotechnology are promi-
nent for the development of novel and feasible methods that may pro-
vide better quality of healthcare services. In this respect, the book
“Recent Trends in Nanobiotechnology” provides insights into the re-
cent advancements in nanobiotechnology and focuses on the applica-
tions of nanomaterials in food and biomedical sectors. The book be-
gins with a chapter on the applications of the biodegradable nano-
composite films as materials for food packaging, followed by subse-
quent chapters on the recent advancements in nanobiosensors for
detecting toxins and pathogens in food as well as nanomaterials
based diagnostics. The contributors also illustrate the recent devel-
opments in nanomaterials for treatment of infectious diseases.