Region V

The Bicol Region or Region V also known as Bicolandia is one of the regions in the
Philippines. Bicol also spelled Bikol is composed of four provinces in the Bicol Peninsula, the
southeastern end of Luzon island, and two island provinces adjacent to the peninsula. The region
is bounded by Lamon Bay to the north, Pacific Ocean to the east, and Sibuyan Sea and Ragay
Gulf to the west. The northernmost province, Camarines Norte, is bordered to the north by the
province of Quezon, connecting the region to the rest of Luzon. Its regional center is Legazpi
City in Albay province. The Bicolanos live in the provinces south of Luzon Community namely
Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Catanduanes, Masbate, Albay and Sorsogon with large tracts
of land, farming has become the chief occupation of the people. They also engaged in fishing,
logging, cattle raising and handicraft.
Commercial fishing is also important with major fishing grounds supplying fish
markets in places as far as Metro Manila. Agriculture and fishing are the major factors in the
provinces economy. Mining is also one of the contributors to the regions economy.
Several handicrafts, jewelry manufacturing, other small scale industries and manufacturing
enterprises bolster rural incomes.
The Bicol region was known as Ibalon variously interpreted to derive form ibalio to bring
to the other side. People from the other side or people who are hospitable and give visitors gifts
to bring home. The people of the Bicol region, called Bicolanos, speak any of the several
languages of the Bikol macrolanguage also called Bikolano, an Austronesian language closely
related to other Central Philippine languages such as Cebuano and Tagalog. The Bicolano is
conservative. They believe it is safe to stick to the old than take a risk in the new. Their views on
the life with studied calmness and seldom shows their rough edges. Their preference for spicy
food is such that no food is good for them without red pepper and coconut milk. One of the most
especial common food is Bicol Express. It is a dish which was named after a passenger train
from Manila to Bicol. Bicol express is made up of pork cooked in coconut milk and spiced with
lots and lots of red hot chili. There is also a Bicolano recipe for vegetarians the very popular
laing. Laing is made from local gabi or taro leaves. The leaves is simmered in coconut cream and
then served with siling labuyo or chili pepper. Maybe eating spicy food is one of the reason why
they are brave.
The Bicolanos observe an annual festival in honor of the Virgin of Penafrancia every
third Sunday of September. The towns of Naga comes alive. During the celebration, a
jostling crowd of all male devotees carries the image of the Virgin on their shoulders to the
cathedral, while shouting Viva La Virgin. For the next seven days people, mostly Bicolanos,
come for an annual visit light candles and kisses the image of the Virgin. To the Bicolanos, this
affair is religious and cultural, as well. Every night, shows are held at the plaza the year's biggest
cockfights take place, bicycle races are held and the river, a lively boat race precedes the fluvial
procession. Feast day of saints are annual celebrations of parishes, from a simple barrio fiesta
honoring a patron associated for good harvest, to a town fiesta honoring a miraculous saint, or a
regional one such as the Our Lady of Peñafrancia Fiesta, a week long celebration to honor the
Virgin Mary, dubbed as the Queen Patroness of Bicolandia. It is widely acknowledged that in
 Luzon, it is Bicol Region that holds the most number of men entering the seminary for
Catholic priesthood, or women entering the religious life to become Catholic nuns.
The region has recently seen a revival in its tourism industry, due to the popularity of
Mayon Volcano, the new CamSur Water Sports Complex, whale shark spotting, among others,
which consequently increased the number of upscale resorts in the region.

Region VI
Typically western Visayas is found on the west part of the major island of the Philippines
which is Visayas it is surrounded by water. It is one of the regions of the Philippines, designated
as Region VI or Western Visayas that composed of the four provinces of Panay, the
Guimaras Island and the western portion of the island of Negros and its outlying islands. Its
boundaries are the Visayan Sea on the east, the Cuyo East Pass on the west, the Sibuyan Sea and
Romblon on the north and the Cagayan Island on the southwest. Its topography is characterized
by relatively wide stretches of coastal lowlands with rugged hills and mountains in the interior. It
consists of 6 provinces such as Aklan, Antique, Capiz, Iloilo, Negros Occidental and Guimaras
and 16 cities making it the region with the highest number of cities. The provinces boasts high
geographic diversity, ranging from white sandy beaches, mangroves and mountainous
landscapes. It also boasts the river Akean, which appears unique due to its boiling or frothing
appearance.
Historians believe that the earliest people who settled on the island of Panay were tribal
Negritos or Atis. Austronesian language is spoken in Western Visayas in the Philippines. The
regions ethno linguistic people are called Panay Hiligaynons. Hiligaynon is concentrated in the
city of Iloilo and westside of Negros Occidental province.
The major economic activities of the region are farming, sugar, rice and corn milling,
fishing, mining and trading. Forward and backward integration in production, processing or
marketing are good areas for investment. Other important industries include livestock and
poultry raising and cottage industries such as rattan craft, food preservation, ceramics and
confectionery manufacturing. The region has a competitive advantage in the production of
seaweeds, mangoes, pineapple, banana and cashew. The Piña cloth is considered a prime
produce of Kalibo, weaved from its unique crude wooden or bamboo handloom that changed
little from eight centuries ago.
The Iloilo Dinagyang Festival is a showcase of the rich heritage, colorful history,
passionate devotion, and fun loving spirit of the Ilonggo people. The festival traces its roots as a
thanks giving. The National Shrine of Our Lady of the Candles commonly known as Jaro
Cathedral, the seat of the Archdiocese of Jaro, has two stairs attached to its facade leading to the
miraculous image of the patron saint enclosed while San Joaquin Church is striking pediment
adorned by military relief motif featuring the triumph of Spanish Army of Africa over the
Moroccan Army during the Battle of Tetuan in 1860. Sitting on an elevated hill near the
shoreline, it was built out of limestone from the mountains of Igbaras and white corals from San
Joaquin in 1869. San Joaquin Church was declared in 1974 as a National Cultural Treasure by
the National Historical Institute. Iloilo Beaches and Islands Like most destinations in the Pacific,
Iloilo is blessed with beautiful coastlines and islands teeming with scenic seascapes and diverse
marine life.
Apart from its white sand beaches, Boracay is also famous for being one of the world's
top destinations for relaxation. It is also emerging among the top destinations for tranquility and
nightlife. The Ruins in Talisay City, Negros Occidental is what remained of the grand mansion
that Don Mariano Lacson built, following the death of his first wife, Maria Braga. Today, it is a
tourist attraction for its romantic, yet strong structures. Many interesting tales and facts lie within
the walls and posts that remained of the Ruins.

Region VII
Central Visayas is right in the center of the Philippines. The four provinces include Cebu,
Bohol, Negros Oriental and Siquijor, each with its own character and treasure trove of natural
and man-made attractions. Negros Oriental occupies the south eastern half of the island of
Negros, with Negros Occidental comprising the western half. A chain of rugged mountains
separates Negros Oriental from Negros Occidental. Unlike its sister province, which belongs to
the Western Visayas region, Negros Oriental belongs to the Central Visayas region. Negros
Oriental faces Cebu to the east across the Tañon Strait and Siquijor to the south east. The Sulu
Sea borders it to the south. Negros Oriental has a tropical climate because of the mountain range
running from the north to the south, the province has two types of climatic conditions. The
eastern part of the province is characterized by unpronounced maximum rainfall with a short dry
season lasting from one to three months. The western half of the province is characterized by a
distinct wet season and dry season. Also because of the mountain range, the province is sheltered
from the full impact of typhoons originating from the southwest. However, the northern part of
the province is in the path of typhoons from the east.
Cebuano is the main language of the province. Filipino and English are generally
understood, and are used for official, literary, and educational purposes. Christianity is the
predominant religion in the province with Roman Catholicism as the biggest single
denomination. Region was founded on March 10, 1917. There is two significant revolts against
the Spanish rule such as Tamblot Rebellion 1621 and Dagohoy Revolt 1744-1829. It is a Home
of Pres. Carlos P. Garcia 4th.
The mangoes of Cebu are also famous for its sweetness and size. Mangoes are harvested
all year round. These fruits are exported to other countries. The center of commerce in the
southern part of the Philippines is Cebu. Many foreigners establish their businesses there. This is
one reason why the Mactan International Airport was constructed. Tourism plays a big part in the
economic development of the region. The tourists flock to see the Shrine of Magellan's Cross in
Cebu. Bohol's pride is the Chocolate Hills. Oil is also being tapped in the region. It is believed
that in the years to follow, the progress in the region would be greater if oil is properly drawn out
and it will help in the needs of the country. Rice is the main staple for Cebuanos. Being an island
province, fish which is fresh or dried, crabs, seashells, shrimp and other seafood are a common
sight in most tables, although pork, chicken and vegetables are equally accessible as well.
Barbeque and puso or hanging rice or boiled rice wrapped in woven coconut leaves have become
customary.
The world renowned cone shaped Chocolate Hills is natures expression of beauty,
mystery and romance. Spread over the Municipalities of Carmen, Sagbayan and Batuan. The
Chocolate Hills is the provinces signature attraction. Would you believe that the tarsier, the
smallest living primate, measuring 4 to 5 inches and a tail longer than its body, can easily fit
snugly in the human hand and is 36 million years old. Being endemic in limited forest pockets in
Bohol and having the status of an endangered species, the tarsier has generated substantial
interest. A1 dive sites in Balicasag and Cabilao Islands enable one to marvel at one of the most
colorful and exotic display of marine life comparable to Tubattaha of Palawan, a world heritage
site. Three words describe diving in Bohol as deep, steep wall. The undersea terrain is
predominantly limestone and there are overhangs, crevices and declivitous walls that contribute
to the underwater beauty of the provinces dive sites. Marine life is abundant even in the off
season. The steep walls provide permanent niches for moray eels, lionfish, coral stalactites,
sponges and a lot of other specie. Banacon is one of the islets along the Danajon Bank, the only
double barrier reef in the country and rich in marine life. Go kayaking, canoeing or the simple
pleasure of rowing along the bakauan plantation, probably the first and biggest in Asia. Trek to
sitio Pandayan for buri product demonstration tour, loom weaving of raffia, nipa thatches making
and other local crafts. Bohol Sea is the island of Pamilacan a home of the different species of
dolphins and whales. A fishing village, this island paradise is surrounded by pearly white sand
beaches and crystal clear waters where natures bounty and absolute beauty meet. The name
Pamilacan comes from the word pilak which is a local term denoted to a large hook implement
created and used by the local fisher folks in hunting whale sharks, manta rays and other marine
creatures which abound in the area as a beautiful marine sanctuary.
Region VIII
Eastern Visayas is one of the two regions of the Philippines having no land border with
another region, MIMAROPA being the other, and is designated as Region VIII. It has six
provinces such as Biliran, Eastern Samar, Leyte, Northern Samar, Samar and Southern Leyte are
some of the poorest provinces in the country. It was Samar and Leyte which the renowned
Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan first saw and landed on after his long voyage across the
Pacific in 1521.The first Christians in Southeast Asia were the people of Limasawa where the
first mass was held. Five centuries later, General Douglas MacArthur led the Allies to victory in
the Battle of Leyte wherein the ensuing naval battle, now known as the Battle of Leyte Gulf.
Leyte became the secure foothold of the Allies in conquering back the archipelago, and
eventually the rest of Asia, from the Japanese. Languages Waray-Waray is the lingua franca of
the Eastern Visayas Region and mostly spoken on the island of Samar, Biliran, Tacloban and
north-eastern Leyte. A Samar language, distantly related to the languages of the region, called
Abaknon is spoken in the island of Capul in Northern Samar.
Leyte is rich in historical significance, most notably for the site where General
MacArthur made his triumphant return to the Philippines in October 1944, as commemorated in
MacArthur Park in Palo. Other World War 2 memorials include Hill 522or Guinhangdan Hill in
Palo, Hill 120 in Dulag, Price Mansion in Tacloban, the Japanese WarMemorial Cemetery,
Buga-Buga Hills in Villabe,and the Philippine-Japanese Peace Memorial inOrmoc City.
Churches include Palos Cathedraland the La Purisima Shrine, and Taclobans Sto.Niño Church
and the Madonna of Japan. Other historical sites include the Hilongos Bell tower, and the
Peoples Center and Library in Tacloban. Natural attractions include the San Juanico Strait, Lake
Danao, Cuatros Islas, Hindang and Inopacan beaches.
Eastern Visayas is primarily an agricultural region with rice, abaca, corn, coconut,
sugarcane and banana as major crops. The region’s sea and inland waters are rich sources of salt
and fresh water fish and other marine products. It is one of the fish exporting regions of the
country. There are substantial forest reserves in the interiors of the islands. Its mineral deposits
include chromite, nickel, clay, coal, limestone, pyrite and sand and gravel. It has abundant
geothermal energy and water resources to support the needs of medium and heavy industries.
Primary sources of revenue are manufacturing, wholesale and retail trade and services. Mining,
farming, fishing and tourism contribute significantly to the economy. Manufacturing firms
include mining companies, fertilizer plants, sugar central, rice and corn mills and other food
processing plants. Cebu is the hub of investment, trade and development in the region. Other
industries include mining, rice, corn and sugar milling, coconut oil extraction, alcohol distilling,
beverage manufacture and forest products. Home industries include hat and basket weaving,
metal craft, needlecraft, pottery, ceramics and woodcraft.
All target visitors who are enthusiastic in caving, diving and adventure. Attraction in
Eastern Samar are Calicoan Island in Guiuan for marine sports and cultural activities, Ando and
Divinubo Islands in Borongan City for sun and beach, Amandaraga Falls in Lawaan for nature,
closed canopy forest in Borongan City, Maydolong and Llorente for forest adventure. The
regions Leyte and Samar islands serve as main link between Luzon and Mindanao by land
transport. Small tropical haven in Eastern Samar, whether it’s the creamy sands and azure
waters of Suluan Island or the marine life sanctuary of Kantican Island, which also houses an
experimental pearl farm. Amandaraga is the name of Lawaan’s waterfalls which resembles a
maiden’s hair. Favorite island hopping destinations are the twin islands of Ando and Divinuvo in
Borongan City. For camping and trekking, explore the Borongan- Llorente Closed Canopy
Forest. The ultimate crowd-drawer, however, is the rising star that is Calicoan Island. Despite the
allure of its inland lagoons and wild virgin forests, both locals and foreigners head here for one
thing which is surfing.

Region IX
Zamboanga Peninsula is an authoritative district in the Philippines, assigned as Region
IX. The region consists of three provinces such as Zamboanga del Norte, Zamboanga del Sur,
and Zamboanga Sibugay and two autonomous urban areas Isabela City and Zamboanga City.
The area was already known as Western Mindanao before the establishment of Executive Order
No. 36 on September 19, 2001. The city of Pagadian is the territorial focus. Along the shores of
the promontory are various coves and islands. The Region 9 or Zamboanga Peninsula, as it is
known now, was formerly Western Mindanao is in the southernmost portion of the country. It is
bounded by Sulu Sea on the north Illana Bay and Moro Gulf on the south Misamis Occidental,
Lanao del Norte and Panguil Bay on the east and the Celebes Sea on the west. The Zamboanga
Peninsula is surrounded by bodies of water. The region relied on fishing as one of its major
industries. The Zamboanga Peninsula was known as Sibugay or Sibuguey during the coming of
the Spanish conquistadors and later on was changed into Zamboanga from the capital town of the
province which derived its name from the Malay word Sambangan meaning a place where wild
flowers grow.
The name of Zamboanga was derived from the Malay word Jambangan, meaning a pot or
place of flowers. The original inhabitants of the Zamboanga peninsula were the Subanons. The
next group of settlers to arrive were Muslim migrants from the neighboring provinces. The
Maguindanaoans and Kalibugans were farmers, the Tausugs, Samals, and Badjaos were
fishermen and the Maranaos were traders and artisans. Mat weaving was the major occupation of
the Muslim settlers. The most commonly spoken language is Cebuano.

Zamboanga Peninsula’s economy is basically rooted in agriculture with farming and

fishing as the main economic activities of families. The industry sector of Region 9 is
characterized by a proliferation of micro, small and medium-scale companies. Most
manufacturing activities are based in the cities of Zamboanga, Dipolog, and Pagadian. The
region has vast forest resources. Logs, lumber, veneer and plywood are once among its major
export products. It is also richly endowed with mineral deposits both metallic and non-metallic.
Metallic reserves include gold, silver, copper, chromite, iron, lead, and manganese ore. The non-
metallic minerals consist of coal, clay, asbestos, limestone, quartz, silica, phosphate rock and
marble. Situated outside the typhoon belt and surrounded by five of the Philippines’ richest
fishing grounds, the region enjoys several distinct advantages. It is the no. 1 commercial marine
fish producing region in the country. Region 9 ranks third in terms of seaweeds production
contributing roughly to the total national output. It produces and exports dried seaweeds and
semi refined and refined carageenan. Carageenan, derived from seaweeds is a major ingredient in
the cosmetics and food processing industries.

The region is blessed with numerous tourist attractions. Besides many enchanting islands
and islets, there are cultural and historical shrines as well as exotic scenic spots and pristine
beaches. Among these are Santa Cruz Island, Vista del Mar, Zamboanga Golf and Country Club,
and Dakak Beach Resort. Vintas (slim boats) with colorful sails and a number of beautiful
mosques are just a few of its ethnic attractions. Fort Pilar in Zamboanga City, a walled
fortification built by the Spaniards and the Shrine of Dr. Jose P. Rizal, the Philippine national
hero, in Dapitan City, are a must-see for historical buffs. Dakak Beach Resort The closest place
to paradise one could ever experience, with its beauty and serenity. Dakak started operating on
1988, was conveniently positioned in the southern part of the Philippines and surrounded by
mountains in its west. Situated at Taguilon, Dapitan City, Zamboanga del Norte, Dakak tactfully
eludes the typhoon belt, making it anideal all season destination for travelers.
Region X
Geologically, this region is a combination of plains, rolling hills, mountains and coastal
areas with rich soil, abundant minerals and agricultural resources. It has a strategic location
which is why it serves as the gateway to and from the rest of Mindanao. Its modern port facilities
and extensive road networks linking it to various parts of the Mindanao region makes it an ideal
destination for tourism all year round. Moreover, it also has abundant water resources which led
to the development of hydroelectric power plants in the area. These plants generate the bulk of
power available in the Mindanao grid.
Northern Mindanao Region, also known as Region 10, is composed of 5 provinces
namely: Bukidnon, Camiguin, Lanao Del Norte, Misamis Occidental, Misamis Oriental. History
of Misamis OrientalThe name Misamis is said to have been derived from theSubano word
kuyamis, a local variety of sweet coconut and aNegrito staple. It is also said to have been derived
from theSpanish word misa meaning “mass.” Native converts usedto shout Misa Misa upon the
arrival of a priest.The earliest known settlers of the territory wereNegritoes. Centuries later,
Malay colonists fought the nativesfor control of the rich Cagayan River coastal plains.
Thestruggle for possession was finally won by the native Visayansover the Bukidnons. Spanish
missionaries first landed near Cagayan de Oro in1622 and a triangular fort called San Jose was
built on thebeach. The coastal settlements they founded sufferedfrequent Moro raids.Misamis
used to be a part of the province of Cebu.In 1818, it became a corregimiento comprising four
partidos ordivisions: Misamis, Cagayan, Dapitan and Catarman.During the later part of the 19th
century, Misamis was one ofthe six districts of Mindanao and later, one of the sevendistricts of
Mindanao and Sulu at the close of the Spanish erawith Cagayan de Misamis now Cagayan de
Oro City as capital.
Northern Mindanao is an ideal business location. The international seaport and container
terminals, serving the region and the rest of Mindanao, are considered the most efficient outside
Metro Manila. Electricity is reliable and relatively cheap, water is abundant and
telecommunications are modern.
To the surprise of many, within it actually lie seven volcanoes, hence Camiguin being
known as the island born of fire. Much of the island was formed through volcanic eruptions and
earthquakes.
Camiguin’s has notable natural attractions: White Island, a sandbar, and Mantigue Island are
great for swimming, snorkeling, and diving. Additionally, for those who want to feel refreshed,
cool waters amid ferns, boulders, and trees may be found at Tuawasan Falls and Katibawasan
Falls. Visitors may take a dip in different springs such as the Santo Niño Cold Spring, which
offers waters at 20 degrees Celsius. In contrast, individuals may take a hot dip in Ardent Hot
Spring. Its temperature reaches up to 40 degrees Celsius because its waters are heated by Mt.
Hibok-Hibok, an active volcano. Camiguin is best known for its sweet Lanzones, a fruit about
the size of a grape, with light brown skin and translucent flesh.
For adrenaline junkies, a visit to the Dahilayan Adventure Park would be a fantastic idea.
It offers numerous ATV rides, has activities for every member of the family, and has the longest
zipline in Asia. Speaking of great heights, Kampo Juan is well-known for its 120-meter hanging
bridge suspended 165 meters over a river. Bukidnon is the home of Mt. Kitanglad the fourth
highest peak in the Philippines at 2,899 meters. Moreover, it boasts Sumilao’s numerous caves.
Bukidnon isn’t just wealthy when it comes to its natural resources, it is also rich in culture. It has
the living heritage of the Manobo, the Higaonon, the Talaandig, the Matigsalug, the Tigwahanon,
the Bukidnon, and the Umayamnon.

Region XI
Davao Region or Southern Mindanao, designated as Region XI is one of the regions of
the Philippines, located on the southeastern portion of Mindanao. Davao Region consists of four
provinces, namely Compostela Valley, Davao del Norte, Davao Oriental, and Davao del Sur. The
region encloses the Davao Gulf and its regional center is Davao City. Davao is the Hispanicized
pronunciation of daba-daba, the Bagobo word for fire the Cebuano translation is kalayo. Davao
Region is the most crowded area in Mindanao and the seventh most crowded in the nation, with
an aggregate of 4,893,318 occupants in 2015. Davao City, its provincial capital, is likewise the
biggest city in Mindanao, with a region of 2444 km2, the biggest in the nation and one of the
biggest on the planet, and has 1,632,991 tenants in 2015, making it the fourth most crowded city
in the nation and the most crowded city appropriate in the whole Visayas-Mindanao area. Davao
Metropolitan Area, the essential financial and urban develop territory in the district, is
additionally the most crowded in the island and the third most crowded in the nation, with
around 2,274,913 occupants in that year.
Many historians believe that the name Davao is actually the mixture of the three names
that three different tribes, the earliest settlers in the region, had for the Davao River. The
Manobos, an aboriginal tribe, referred to the Davao River as Davohoho. Another tribe, the
Bagobos, referred to the river as Davohaha, which means fire, while another tribe, the Guiangan
tribe, called the river as Duhwow. The history of the region dates back to the times when various
tribes occupied the region. It is believed that the Manobos, Mandayasand the Bagobos actually
occupied the area. These are the same tribes that created the small settlements and communities
that eventually became Mindanao.
It is now developing into a center for agro-industrial business, trade and tourism. Its
competitive advantage is in agri-industry as its products, papayas, mangoes, bananas, pineapples,
fresh asparagus, flowers, and fish products are exported internationally. The region can be a
vital link to markets in other parts of Mindanao, Brunei Darussalam and parts of Malaysia and
Indonesia. Other economic activities are mining, fishery, forestry and agriculture. Both private
and foreign investors and businessmen are putting up huge business centers in the region, fueling
up its commercial growth rate.
Durian has become almost synonymous with Davao City because of its abundance, and
because of its scarcity in other parts of the Philippines, many have sought after this exotic fruit.
Durian is widely known as the King of Fruits, and is abundant in Davao. Davao's rich fertile
volcanic soil and climate make it most suitable for sustained production of the freshest and
tastiest Durian. In the entire country, Davao Region has been known as the “Banana Capital”,
with the province of Davao del Norte being the top producer. Cacao or Theobroma cacao is an
important commodity in the world today and offers a good source of income for small-holder
farmers in the Philippines. The country has cultivated cacao since the 17th century. Per the
Department of Agriculture statistics, in 1990, the area of cocoa planted was about 18,377
hectares with most of this growing in Davao. Davao is one of the top producers of pineapples in
Asia.
Tourist attractions are such a pride of region XI such as Tudaya Falls Deeply hidden
within the mountains near the Mount Apo National Park in Sitio Tudaya of Barangay Sibulan, at
Sta Cruz, Davao Del Sur lies a towering majestic beauty called Tudaya Falls. Considered as one
of the highest and beautiful waterfalls in the Philippines, this single tiered waterfalls is definitely
a most welcome oasis right in the middle of thick bushes and huge towering ferns and cogons
amid a trail of sharp rock formations and Philippine Eagle Center. The Center is home to 36
Philippine Eagles, 18 of which are captive-bred. It also houses 10 other species of birds, 4
species of mammals and 2 species of reptiles. Simulating a tropical rain forest environment, the
Center offers the visitor a glimpse into the country’s forest ecosystem. Although the exhibits are
used primarily to help educate the Filipino people on conservation, the facility is also considered
a major tourist attraction in Davao City.

Region XII
SOCCSKSARGEN is a region of the Philippines, located in central Mindanao, and is
officially designated as Region XII. The name is an acronym that stands for the region’s four
provinces and one of its cities: South Cotabato, Cotabato, Sultan Kudarat, Sarangani and General
Santos City. The region is more formally known by its older name Central Mindanao. The
regional center is Koronadal City located in the province of South Cotabato. Cotabato City,
though geographically within the boundaries of the province of Maguindanao, itself is part of
SOCCSKSARGEN, and is independent of that province. Maguindanao province is, in fact, a part
of the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) which has its seat in Cotabato City.
SOCCSKSARGEN and the province of Maguindanao were once part of the original Cotabato
province. Region XII has extensive coastlines, valleys and mountain ranges. Known for its river
system, the region is the catch basin of Mindanao. The system is a rich source of food, potable
water and energy production. Cotabato contains the Rio Grande de Mindanao, which is the
longest river in Mindanao and the second longest in the Philippines.
B’laan Tribe Among the many tribes in the Philippines, the B’laans in Sarangani and
South Cotabato are the most distinct in Region XII as they significantly played major historical
roles in the evolution of several towns and barangays within the locality that have been named
with B’laan origin. The B’laans have preserved their sacred lands, keeping them connected to the
mother earth, to their sacred sites in Lamifew, Malandag, Malungon Sarangani: Melai Bolul,
Moleng, Bantay, and Macao. T’bolis of that time were among the lowlanders as tagabili and the
same derive from the word Tao bili which means man living in the hills in their own native
tongue. T’boli tribe originated with two siblings named Mamalu and Tabunaway. T’BOLI
TRIBE Tabunaway was the princess of the tribe. She decided to marry a sultan, she asked her
brother Mamalu to go for hunting to provide her a white deer Uhu for her wedding. It was then
said that Mamalu and Tabunaway were the ancestors of T’boli tribe. The Obo Manobo is just
one ethnic group among Manobos in North and West forest of Cotabato Province and
Kidapawan City specifically in Mt. Apo and the boundaries of Davao del Sur, Bukidnon
Province, Davao City and Cotabato Province in Mindanao, Philippines. Manobo are gifted and
nature loving people endowed with talents and strength to make life not just a living. They are
remnants of the people living during the age of “survival of the fittest” when Mindanao was once
a vast track of virgin forest.
Sarangani vegetables, production of ornamental plants, furniture, trading, telecommunications,
mining, and aquaculture. Sarangani’s favorable investment climate is manifested by the large
plantations (mango, banana, pineapple, asparagus), cattle ranches, and commercial fishponds that
have been operating in the area, some of which having existed as far back as 40 years. General
Santos Agro-industry: Endowed with rich volcanic soil, ample and well distributed rainfall all
throughout the year and a typhoon-free climate, General Santos City produces export quality
high valued crops such as corn, coconut, pineapple, asparagus, banana and rice. It also yields
quality exotic fruits, vegetables and cut flowers. The city is also a top producer and exporter of
quality livestock such as poultry, hogs, and cattle. But with the continuing growth in population
and economy in the passing of time, a number of the city's agricultural lands have gradually been
converted.
The tourist attraction are Our Lady of Lourdes Grotto and Tamontaka Church. Our Lady
of Lourdes is a venerated title of the Blessed Virgin Mary invoked by the Roman Catholic in
honor of the Marian Apparition. The first church that was built along the banks of Tamontaka
river. Cotabato Grand Mosque in Cotabato City The rising star of Cotabato City is undoubtedly
the gorgeous Grand Mosque Muslim also known as Sultan Hadji Hassanal Bolkiah Masjid.

Region XIII

Region XIII or the Caraga Administrative Region is the newest region created under
Republic Act No. 7901 approved on February 23, 1995. It consists of the provinces of Agusan
del Norte, Agusan del Sur, Surigao del Norte and Surigao del Sur. Its cities are Surigao and
Butuan. Butuan Bay and Surigao Strait surround it on the north and the Philippine Sea on the
east. On the South are the Davao provinces and Misamis Oriental and Bukidnon on the west. Its
proximity to other growth areas such as the Cagayan Iligan corridor and the Davao Gulf
Economic Zone is an advantage.

The history of Caraga can be traced back to the 15th century when explorers discovered
the existence of Kalagans, believed to be of Visayan Origin in one of the three districts in
Mindanao. The word Caraga originated from the Visayan word Kalagan or Kalag meaning soul
or people and a meaning land. The Kalagans has a long history of being brave and fearless. Thus,
the region was called by early chroniclers as the Land of the Brave and Fierce People.
 The Kalagans, called Caragans by the Spaniards occupied the district composed of the
two provinces of Surigao, the northern part of Davao Oriental and Eastern Misamis Oriental. The
two Agusan Provinces were later organized under the administrative jurisdiction of Surigao and
became the independent Agusan province in 1914. In 1960, Surigao was divided as Norte and
Sur, and in June 1967, Agusan followed suit. While Butuan then was just a town of Agusan, the
logging boom in the 1950s drew business and businessmen to the area. On August 2, 1950, by
virtue of Republic Act 523, the City Charter of Butuan was approved.

Rich in natural resources, the region has large tracts of land available for development.
The region is noted for its wood based economy, its extensive water resources and its rich
mineral deposits such as iron, gold, silver, nickel, chromite, manganese and copper. Its leading
crops are palay, banana and coconut. It has excellent tourism potentials because of its unspoiled
and beautiful beaches, abundant and fresh seafood, ancient and historical landmarks, hot and
cold springs, evergreen forests and balmy weather. The entire region is connected by roads from
and to the major commercial, trading and processing centers of Cagayan de Oro and Davao.
Butuan City is being developed as the regional center with modern facilities. There are
secondary seaports and airports in the region.
Surigao del Norte is a group of islands at the rim of the Asian continental shelf. It is one
of the four provinces of the newly created Caraga Region 13. The province is blessed with long
stretches of white sand beaches, enchanting rock formations, mysterious caves, and vast
mangrove forests. The strong waves in Siargao Island has made the province. Once a quiet and
pristine place, Surigao del Norte’s rural charm now caught the fancy of local and foreign tourists
who frequent the province’s numerous islands. Over the years, Surigao del Norte has indeed
become a shangri-la for visitors from all over the world, especially for surfers and body boarders.
Surigao Del Norte known as The Surfing capital in the Philippines.
Based on my research I’ve learned that Surigaonons have given great respect and value to their
ancestors and to their teachings. They value the cultures and traditions that are passed on to them
by their native people and they preserve that traditions by doing it themselves until the present. I
realized that we should have to preserve our native ancestors and the belief and tradition that we
received from them so that we will not lose our identity of being a Filipino. Even if we say that
the native in which we came from are small, black skinned, curly haired, and etc., we should still
be proud of them for they have given us rich culture. I intend to teach to my future students of
the importance and value of our natives and how it gives identity to each of the Filipino. I will
also teach them of the rich culture that they left us, and how we can preserve it. Surigao del Sur
“The Dream Holiday Getaway”.
Region XIV
Cordillera a name given by the Spanish Conquistadors when they first saw the mountain
ranges. Meaning knotted rope, the Spanish term refers to the jumbled rolls and dips of this long-
range traversing the northern part of Luzon Island. he region comprises six land locked provinces
such as Abra, Apayao, Benguet, Ifugao, Kalinga and Mountain Province. The regional center
is the highly urbanized city of Baguio.The landlocked region, officially created on July 15,
1987 covers most of the Cordillera Central mountains of Luzon, and is home to numerous ethnic
peoples. The Cordilleras region is dubbed as the “Watershed Cradle of North Luzon”.
Characterized in the western portion by sharp crested interlinking peaks of the steep slope,
isolated flat lands, plateaus, and valleys. The eastern portion has generally rolling, gradually
sloping foothills. With interlocking wide tracks of flat lands and flood plains along its main
drainage system. Dubbed as the “Prince of the Highlands” in the Philippines.
On July 15, 1987, Executive Order No. 220 was issued creating the Cordillera
Administrative Region. It is composed of provinces which used to be part of
the Old Mountain Province. Republic Act No. 6766 was passed on October 23, 1989. It provided
for an Organic Act for the Cordillera Autonomous Region. It mandates the creation of an
autonomous government to be headed by a Regional Governor. It creates a Regional Assembly
that will enact laws of regional application and a regional judiciary composed of a supreme court
and lower courts. The act also directs the proposed autonomous government in the Cordillera to
exercise governmental functions, including the raising of taxes, but excluding defense, foreign
affairs and monetary functions. However, the Constitution requires that the act has to be ratified
by the people in a plebiscite. It was originally scheduled on December 27 of the same year but
was reset to January 30 the following by virtue of the Commission on Elections. During the said
plebiscite, it was only Ifugao which voted favorably.
Cordillera has abundant mineral reserves. These include metallic ores such as gold,
copper, silver, zinc, and non-metallic minerals like sand, gravel and sulfur. Mineral reserves are
found in all the provinces. However, mining is concentrated in Benguet
Tourist attractions in the region include the world famous Banaue Rice Terraces in
the province of Ifugao. This is supposedly considered as the "Eighth Wonder of the World".
Natural attractions of the region include the Sumaguing Cave in Sagada and the mummy caves
of Benguet and Mt. Province. There are four National Parks such as Cassamata Hill, Mount
Pulag the second highest mountain in the Philippines with an elevation of 2,922 meters above sea
level, Mt. Data and Balbalasang-Balbalan, located in the province of Kalinga. Kalinga is also
offering world class white water rafting along the chico river.

Region XV
The Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (: Nagsasariling Rehiyon ng Muslim sa
Mindanaw) is the region, located in the Mindanao island group of the Philippines, that is
composed of five predominantly Muslim provinces, namely: Basilan (except Isabela City),
Lanao del Sur, Maguindanao, Sulu and Tawi-Tawi. It is the only region that has its own
government. The regional capital is at Cotabato City, although this city is outside of its
jurisdiction. The ARMM previously included the province of Shariff Kabunsuan until 16 July
2008, when Shariff Kabunsuan ceased to exist as a province after the Supreme Court of the
Philippines declared the "Muslim Mindanao Autonomy Act 201", which created it,
unconstitutional in Sema v.The ARMM spans two geographical areas: Lanao del Sur and
Maguindanao except Cotabato City in south western Mindanao, and the island provinces of
Basilan (except Isabela City), Sulu and Tawi-Tawi in the Sulu Archipelago. For the most part
of Philippines history, the region and most of Mindanao has been a separate territory, which
enabled it to develop its own culture and identity.The region has been the traditional homeland
of Muslim Filipinos since the 15th century, even before the arrival of the Spanish who began to
colonize most of the Philippines in 1565. Muslim missionaries arrived in Tawi-Tawi in 1380 and
started the conversion of the native population to Islam. In 1457, the Sultanate of Sulu was
founded, and not long after that the sultanates of Maguindanao and Buayan were also
established.At the time when most of the Philippines was under Spanish rule.
These sultanates maintained their independence and regularly challenged Spanish domination of
the Philippines by conducting raids on Spanish coastal towns in the north and repulsing repeated
Spanish incursions in their territory. It was not until the last quarter of the 19th century that the
Sultanate of Sulu formally recognized Spanish sovereignty, but these areas remained loosely
controlled by the Spanish as their sovereignty was limited to military stations and garrisons and
pockets of civilian settlements in Zamboanga and Cotabato, until they had to abandon the region
as a consequence of their defeat in the Spanish-American War.
Tawi-tawi A very spicy and tasty meat of stingray cooked with coconut milk then added with
burned coconut grated meat that gave the sauce its olive like color. This particular seaweed or
agar agar as others call it, is very much common in the coastal waters of Visayas and Mindanao.
The only difference is that, instead of serving it fresh garnished with onion, tomatoes and
vinegar, the Tawi Tawinians blanch the seaweeds then added with little soy sauce and some
spices like ginger, onions , giving it a yellowish color.
Economy of Basilan Basilan is an agricultural province with a few industries. It is the country's
leading producer of rubber, with plantations such as B.F. Goodrich's in Latuan, east of Isabela
and Menzi's, on the road to Maluso town. Other major crops grown on a commercial scale are
coconut, coffee, black pepper and Africanpalm oil. The province however, is dependent on other
provinces for its basic food requirements of rice, vegetables, and meat. The surrounding waters,
particularly in the Pilas group of islands, are rich in fish and other marine resources. Tuna,
mackerel, and sardines are the dominant fish species. Agar-agar, a variety of seaweed, is
cultivated along the coasts. Basilan has a constant ship route to other provinces, spcecially to the
City of Zamboanga. Most of the supplies of the major department stores, hardware stores, and
agrivets get their supplies from Zamboanga City.
Tourist attraction are Ligawasan Marsh Ligawasan Marsh is the largest swamp and marsh area in
Mindanao and one of the largest in the Philippines. Bunbun Beach Powdery white beach sand,
pristine waters and a breathtaking view at Bunbun Beach, Patikul, Sulu. Sulu- Sulu Pearl Hotel
in Jolo and Maguindanao Ectosan Garden Hotel in Cotabato City. Accommodation Marawi
Resort Hotel is perfectly nestled at the summit of the Islamic City of Marawi and found at the
campus of the Mindanao State University. (Wide array of General and Recreation Facilities) The
Farmland Resort (Lanote) Anson's Hotel (Sumagdang) Hotel Royal Issra (Marketsite) Casa
Rosario (Port Area), Basilan Hostel (Eastside) Basilan.

Region XVI
Geography and Population Among the 17 administrative regions, NCR had the second largest
population with 11.86 million 2015 census of population, NSO in an area of 636 square
kilometers. NCR is bordered by the provinces of Bulacan to the north, Rizal to the east, Cavite to
the south-west and Laguna to the south. Manila Bay lies to the west and Laguna de Bay to the
south-east.
Established as a small fishing port and becoming a major sea salt producing municipality from
several salt evaporation ponds since the Spanish Era, Las Piñas has grown into an important
residential, commercial and industrial suburb of Metro Manila. Las Piñas is famous for its
Bamboo Organ located inside the St. Joseph Parish Church March 27, 1907, Las Piñas was
proclaimed an independent municipality by virtue of PhilippineCommissionAct No. 1625.In
1960s, with the construction of the South Superhighway, Las Piñas became a first class
municipality. Origin Of The Name Some said that traders from the province of Cavite and
Batangas shipped first their piña (pineapples) for sale to this town before they are distributed in
nearby markets. Others related that it was "Las Peñas" (the rocks) evident by the quarrying of
stones and adobe which were used to construct buildings and bridges.
Metro Manila is the financial, commercial and industrial center of the Philippines. Makati
is the largest financial and economic hub of the metropolitan area and the country. regarded as
the metropolis' central business district CBD, it is the base of many Philippines largest
corporations including the Ayala Group of Companies, as well as the nation's major banks. The
Makati area is built around the former Nielsen Air Base, an American installation during World
War II and its runways now form the district's main roads, which cross each other at the Makati
Triangle, home of the nation's stock exchange. Different well-known skyscrapers in Metro
Manila are here like PBCom Tower and G. T. International Tower. Foreign corporations also
have their main Philippine hubs. ew developments seeking to become vibrant centers of their
own are Bonifacio Global City in Taguig; Eastwood City in Quezon City; the Manila Bay City
Reclamation Area in the cities of Pasay, Paranaque and Las Pinas and Alabang Estates, madrigal
Business Park, and Fill Invest Corporate City in Muntinlupa. triangle park in Quezon City is the
latest addition to the list. Ortigas Center is the second most important business district in Metro
Manila. Situated in Mandaluyong and Pasig, it is home to the headquarters of several major
Philippine companies such as San Miguel Corporation and Meralco, and hosts mani shopping
malls and hotels. The Asian Development Bank, also has its headquarters here. Commerce and
Industry Currently, Las Piñas city is already a booming city with various business
establishments, shopping malls and other new building and facilities infrastructures. In the year
2000, the city generated a 742.0 million pesos income. Commerce and Industry Major
corporations, banks, department stores, shopping malls, embassies and consulates of different
countries are based in the City of Makati, thus the city earned the name Wall Street of the
Philippines‖. Makati has the highest concentration of the country‘s finest commercial
establishments and exclusive residential subdivisions, five star hotels and fine dining restaurants.
Plaz a San Luis Fort Santiago Malacañang Palace, University of Sto. Tomas Philippine
Normal University, Bonifacio Shrine China Town, Bulwagang Gat Antonio Villegas, Casa
Manila Rizal Shrine, Mabini Shrine, Rizal Park Rizal Memorial Sports Complex RMSC San
Andres Gym.
The landmarks in NCR are pasig river manila bay plaza miranda ermita district baywalk along
roxas boulevard The Supreme Court of the Philippines Rajah Sulayman Park Manila Boardwalk
Manila Zoological and Botanical Garden in Manila Zoo, Paco Park, the location of the hit Paco
Park Presents University Belt Area. SM City Manila SM Department Store in Quiapo SM City
Harrison Plaza SM Harrison, Shopwise, Rustan's. Ever Gotesco Manila Plaza and Quiapo,
Divisoria Flea Market 168 Shopping Mall Tutuban Center Cluster Building, Centermall , home
for endless bargain goods Palengke or Pamilihan sa ilalim ng tulay literally means a marketplace
under the bridge, a center for indigenous Filipino products.The festivals that being celebrates
every year are Feast of the Black Nazarene Feast of the Sto. Nino, Grand Marian Feast and Bail