STABILITY ANALYSIS ON OPEN PIT MINE „GACKO“

Dragan Ignjatović1, Lidija Đurđevac Ignjatović1, Dušan Tašić1, Milenko Ljubojev1,

Vanja Đurđevac1
1
Mining and Metallurgy Institute Bor, Zeleni bulevar 35, 19210 Bor, Srbija

ABSTRACT
One of the main problem in open pit mine Gacko is slope stability of external landfills. Therefore, it is
necessary to control them every 6 months, in order to detect problems in time so they could be timely
remedied. In this paper were presented analysis of the slope stability of the Western and Eastern external
landfill - PK Gacko.

Key words: Western and Eastern external landfill, slope stability, open pit mine

1. INTRODUCTION
With the main mining project of the Gacko surface mine was defined method of exploitation of
coal, as well as the definition of tailing disposal in the entire century of exploitation.
Complete disposal will be done on the external and internal landfills, as follows:
• Outdoor landfill of exploration field B,
• Large exterior landfill (existing external landfill in the southwest of the land mine - East and
West external landfill),
• External landfill Gelja ljut (new external landfill to the south of the surface mine) and
• Internal landfill (excavated area of the Gacko surface mine - Central Field).
The following constructive parameters have been adopted at the Large Outdoor Landfill that is
located at the current West and East Outer Landfill: the height of the landfill 83m and the
inclination angle of 13º. Constructive parameters were obtained as a result of fulfilling the
minimum safety factor for the characteristic final slopes of the landfill. The safety factor,
according to the legal regulations for landfills, is Fs≥1,3.

2. WESTERN EXTERNAL LANDFILL

The disposal of overburden and barren rocks in the Western Outdoor Landfill is done by system
excavator-conveyor-spreader (known as BTO system). Due to the enormous amount of
overburden and barren rocks foreseen by the Main Mining Project (113,843,680 [* 1000m 3]), it
is necessary to carry out certain activities that will improve the geomechanical characteristics in
order to satisfy the stability of the landfill, as well as the possibility of increasing the inclination
angle, and thus reducing soil degradation to whom the revelation and the devastation are
postponed.
According to the last recording, it was observed that in the Western external landfill has a big
problem of separation and bursting of the deposited mass due to the increasing weight of the
deposited mass and poor compaction, or planning with the help of auxiliary mechanization.
 Figure 1 The appearance of the cracks in the landfill

Figure 2 Measuring zones

The following cohesion values were obtained at several measuring points in three measuring
zones (Figure 5):
- First zone - C = 38 to 42 kPa
- Second zone - C = 28 to 32 kPa
- Third zone - C = 15 to 19 kPa

The measurements confirmed that the compactness of material, especially in the second and third
areas, was poor, which led to the bursting of deposited masses. Auxiliary machines are very little
used. Such anomalies must be avoided to the maximum due to the future Great External Landfill.
 Figure 3 The appearance of the Western External Landfill

3. CONCLUSION
These landfills (Western and Eastern Landfills) are the basis for formation of a large external
landfill, which dimensions are greater tha usual. It is necessary to compress and plan material
with auxiliary mechanization. In addition to this basic method of increasing the stability of the
landfill, consideration is given to examining two ways of increasing geomechanical data by using
ash and slag from a thermal power plant. The way and method of mixing with the deposited
material will be tested in the MMI laboratories. The application of geotechnical data
improvement is possible for all existing landfills.

REFERENCES

[1] Elaborat o periodičnoj analizi stabilnosti radnih etaža i završnih kosina na površinskim
kopovima Gacko, IRM Bor, DOO Zvornik, November 2017
[2] Glavni rudarski projekat površinskog kopa Gacko - centralno polje za kapacitet od
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2.3*10 t/god rovnog uglja, IRM Bor, DOO Zvornik, 2017
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the stress-strain state models of rock massif, Mining and Metallurgy Engineering Bor, 3/2013
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eksploataciji čvrstih mineralnih sirovina, IRM Bor, 2011