Introduction

To
Travel and Tour
Operations
(INTRAOP)

KENNETH IAN A. GONZALES

HRS202P
MR. SAMSON
KENNETH IAN A. GONZALES NOVEMBER 22, 2010

HRS202P MR. SAMSON

TRAVEL AGENTS

A travel agency is a retail business that sells travel related products and services to

customers on behalf of suppliers such as airlines, car rentals, cruise lines, hotels,
railways, sightseeing tours and package holidays that combine several products. In
addition to dealing with ordinary tourists most travel agencies have a separate
department devoted to making travel arrangements for business travelers and some
travel agencies specialize in commercial and business travel only. There are also travel
agencies that serve as general sales agents for foreign travel companies, allowing them
to have offices in countries other than where their headquarters are located.

Travel agencies are perhaps the most visible companies in the travel trade. Their
primary businesses is to resell accommodations, transportation services (including
airplane and train tickets, car and bus transfers) individual services including guide and
translator services, and package services such as sightseeing tours. Within each
agency, there is often a focus on either inbound or outbound trade, with the outbound
agencies focusing either on ticketing services and accommodation bookings, or on
package holidays. Travel agencies generally serve a mix of long and short haul
markets, although some specialize in long haul markets. The majority of travel agencies
seek to appeal to a large domestic market, so they focus mainly on products and
services with a mass market appeal: beach and ski holidays, cruises, and package
tours to well known and popular destinations. A small number may have a focus on
specialty travel, and will offer products and services that cater to special markets.
Examples would be agencies that specialize in custom travel arrangements, outdoor
sports, or adventure holidays. Most travel agencies that focus on outbound travel resell
the products of both outbound and inbound operators, but they can also find products to
retail from other travel resellers or from travel portals. Most travel agencies offer
ticketing services for international travel, and can assist their customers with obtaining
information on travel requirements such as visas and vaccinations, as well as obtaining
travel insurance.
TRAVEL AGENTS in the PHILIPPINES

Angels Wings Marsman Tours

Air Asia Travel Philippine Holiday (UK Based)

Annset Holidays Philtravelcenter

Blue Horizons Pinnacle Travel & Tours (TIP)

Cebu Explorer Scorpio Travel

Fartravel Travel-Edge

Fiesta Tours Travelsmart

House of Travel Travel World

Interisland Travel Royal Vacations (New)

Lakbay Wow Philippines Travel Agency

SERVICES of TRAVEL AGENCIES

Blue Horizons Philippine Travel and Tours - With branch offices at Makati and Cebu
City, Blue Horizons Philippine Travel and Tours, offers packages, accommodation and
online reservation on excursions, flights, cruises, hotels, and resorts in the Philippines
which includes Metro Manila, Boracay, Cebu, Bohol, and Palawan. The website
contains information about company and services that they offer, and important
information about the Philippines for tourists.

Caramoan Travel and Tours Services - Offers tour packages in Caramoan,

Camarines Sur. Includes Island Hopping activities. Website contains package pricing
informations, tour activities and itinerary, and how to get into the island. Office located in
Caramoan.

Cavite Tours and Travel Agency - Trece Martires City. With information on their
international and domestic packages, location map and an online inquiry form

Cultureight Travel - A provider of group walks and adventure tours around Metro
Manila and the Philippines. Website itinerary of price of day walks and expedition they
offered.
e-Philippines - A provider if information on Philippines destinations, and adventure
travel and tour packages. Website contains list, information and price of tour packages
offered, as well as information on car rentals and travel insurance.

Fiesta Travel and Tours - Provides special travel packages to Boracay and Cebu, as
well as online airfare computations. 

Lakbay.net - Information and reservations for nature trips as well as heritage, cultural,
and adventure tours. Also has information and booking facilities for hotels and resorts. 

LogPose Travel and Tours - Based in Ermita Manila, LogPose is established in March
2007 to provide leisure and business travel services for both corporate and individual
clients locally and abroad. It services Domestic and Inbound Tours as well as Outbound
Travels. It specializes in arranging leisure, business, sports and adventure trips. The
website contains the company and contact infos, services offered, and latest promos
offered.

Mariposa Travel - Located in Mandaluyong City, Mariposa Travel, a travel and tours
agency, Offer Philippine hotels reservations with hundreds of selected hotels choices
from budget resort to 5 star hotels in the Philippines. Website also contain travel guides,
list of packages and list of hetels.

Orientwind Travel and Tours - Dumaguete - A full-service travel agency and tour
operator based in Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental. Website contains list of services
and travel destinations. 

Philippine Holiday - Hotels & Travel - Specialists for Hotels & Travel throughout the
Philippines. Provide services for tours, holidays, vacations, hotels bookable online,
flights, short breaks, bespoke custom made holidays, sightseeing, paradise beach
resorts, scuba diving, and personal travel Insurance 

Philippines Travel Center Reservation Services  - Information and Reservation

Services for hotels, resorts, travel and tours in Manila, Makati, Baguio, Pampanga,
Batangas, Olongapo, Mindoro, Palawan, Cebu, and other destinations in the country. 

Premiere Travel and Tours Inc - With information on their special packages, air fares,
hotel rates, and special packages. 

Saizen Travel and Tours - A Las Pinas, Metro Manila based travel agency offering
travel services such as visa assistance, hotel booking, guided tours, car rentals and
airline ticketing.
Scorpio Travel and Tours - Located in Ortigas Center, Pasig, Scorpio Travel and
Tours offers tour packages at reasonable prices for local and international destinations
like Maldives and Europe. Website also contains online booking, rates, and list of
destinations.

Travel International - Offers low an cheap airfares to Manila and Cebu.

tresmarias tours and travel  - Founded in 2003, Tresmarias Tours and Travel,
provides a highly professional service to individuals and groups and the company offers
assistance to both the travel trade and the individual. Services includes international
and domestic ticketing, domestic and international packages tours, reconfirmation &
rebooking of airline tickets, airline ticket revalidation, hotel reservation both Domestic
and International, passport processing, DFA Malacanang Authentication, NSO
authentication, Embassy assistance, and travel insurance.

e-Philippines Adventure Travel and Destination s

Explore Philippines Destinations are our package offerings for you to your favourite
Philippine destinations: Boracay Island, Puerto Princesa, Coron, Palawan, Panglao
Island, Bohol, Cagayan de Oro, Cebu City, Camiguin Island, Davao City,Dumaguete,
Siquijor Island, Batanes Islands, Pagudpud, Laoag and Vigan, Guimaras
Island, Sagada, El Nido, Palawan These packages includes the best trips around that
destination for you to best explore what they have to offer.  What’s best is that our rates
becomes lower as your group becomes bigger.

Experience Philippines Adventures gives you the opportunity to stray away from the
normal routine and do something extraordinary.  Experience with us adventures that
include: Scuba diving, kite boarding/ kite surfing, surfing, skydiving, white water
rafting, mountain hiking, ultra light flying, flying and sailing.

Enjoy Philippines Hotels and Beach Resorts offers you the convenience of booking
and paying for your preferred hotels and beach resorts online.  Book hotels in Makati
City, Manila City, Ortigas Business District, Baguio, Tagaytay and Puerto Galera. We
also offer packages to the different island vacation resorts here: from the rustic and
rugged resorts to the exclusive, high- end Luxury Island vacations.
Operators and Resellers:

Operators are companies that supply their own services or products, while resellers are
marketing and selling the products and services of others, usually charging a mark-up
or taking a commission. In practice, many travel companies do both. A tour operator will
offer many of its own services but may also sell services of other suppliers as part of a
package. A travel agency is mainly a reseller, but may for example employ its own
guides or translators and sell these services directly.

TOUR OPERATORS

A tour operator typically combines tour and travel components to create a holiday. The

most common example of a tour operator's product would be a flight on a charter airline

plus a transfer from the airport to a hotel and the services of a local representative, all

for one price. Niche tour operators may specialize in destinations, e.g. Italy, activities

and experiences, e.g. skiing, or a combination thereof. The original raison d’être of tour

operating was the difficulty of making arrangements in far-flung places, with problems

of language, currency and communication. The advent of the internet has led to a rapid

increase in self-packaging of holidays. However, tour operators still have their

competence in arranging tours for those who do not have time to do DIY holidays, and

specialize in large group events and meetings such as conferences or seminars. Also,

tour operators still exercise contracting power with suppliers (airlines, hotels, other land

arrangements, cruises, etc.) and influence over other entities (tourism boards and other

government authorities) in order to create packages and special departures for

destinations otherwise difficult and expensive to visit.

 THESE DEALS WITH RESERVATIONS

+ Airline Flights

+ Train Tickets

+ Bus Tickets

+ Hotel/Motel Accommodations

+ Rental Cars/Buses

+ Meals Catered – or – On your own

TOUR OPERATORS in the PHILIPPINES

 Dive Buddies Philippines - Specializes in scuba packages to the Philippines.

 Fly Philippines - Offers tourist guide, country information, holiday packages,

hotels and

beach resorts, air tickets, and car rental reservations.

 Lakbay Pilipinas - Offers various travel services such as visa and immigration

assistance, hotel reservations, car rentals, air ticketing, travel and tour packages and

guide to local destinations and travel information.

 Octopus Divers - Offers diving tours throughout the Philippines. Site is in

English and
 German.

 Philippine Holidays, Hotels and Travel Ltd - UK-based tour operator to the

Philippines. Offer international and domestic flights, hotels, scuba diving packages,

tours and treks.

 Planet Action Adventure - An organizer of action and adventure tours on Cebu

Island,

Philippines

 Sampaguita Journey - Travel to the Philippines even you are disabled and in a

Wheelchair

Outbound Tour Operators:

Outbound tour operators create and market travel products to customers in their own
markets that are usually long haul travelers seeking a specific experience in a foreign
destination. They may design and operate their own trips, working with partners in the
destination, or they may choose trips already designed by inbound operators and simply
market these to their own clients. Outbound operators generally have an in depth
knowledge of what their customers are looking for and what their travel requirements
are, and are thus able to design travel products that meet those needs. In the past,
most outbound operators focused on group travel arrangements, but increasingly they
are offering package travel for independent travelers. Outbound operators usually offer
trips to a variety of destinations, and many focus on a small number of specialty travel
segments, leaving the mass market travel arrangements to travel agencies.

Inbound Tour Operators:

Inbound tour operators create and market travel products and services to customers
mainly in long haul markets. Customers in countries far away generally do not have in
depth knowledge of a destination or the service providers in that destination, may not
speak the language, and may not feel comfortable making their own arrangements.
Inbound tour operators serve these customers by taking the guess work out of planning
a holiday, and may offer experiences that would otherwise be inaccessible to
independent travelers making their own arrangements. For example, planning and
organizing your own expedition to go trekking in Western Croatia would involve months
of research to identify routes, find local guides, arrange transport and pack animals, and
considerable expense to transport equipment and gear or purchase it locally. A local
company can organize all this for you at much less cost and in less time than it would
take for you to do it yourself. Inbound operators usually specialize in package travel
arrangements of this kind, and may have both group and independent travelers as
clients. Inbound operators operate their own tours, although the services of many local
companies may be packaged and resold as part of this tour. Inbound operators usually
specialize in one country or region. They may offer tours catering to a broad range of
interests if they are located in a country that is not well known to travelers, but if they
are in a well known destination where it is easy for independent travelers to make their
own arrangements they usually focus on specialty travel.
Ground Operators:

Ground operators are providers of travel products and services in their own countries or
regions. Sometimes inbound tour operators also are referred to as ground operators,
but the term is usually applied to companies that do not actively market their services
directly to overseas customers. These operations focus on providing travel services on
the ground, including activities like horseback riding, boat trips or guided diving tours,
cooking or wine tours, etc. that form part of a larger experience or packaged tour.
Ground operators may sell their services directly to independent travelers that have
already reached a foreign destination – this is common in more well known travel
destinations. In lesser known destinations, where there are relatively fewer independent
travelers, ground operators usually work mainly with tour operators (either inbound or
outbound) to market their products or services.

Attendance Building

Marketing and promotional programs designed to increase attendance at

conventions, trade shows, meetings, and events.

Attractions

General all-inclusive term travel industry marketers use to refer to products that
have visitor appeal, like museums, historic sites, performing arts institutions,
preservation districts, theme parks, entertainment and national sites.

Booking

Term used to refer to a completed sale by a destination, convention center,

facility, hotel or supplier (i.e. convention, meeting, trade show or group business
booking).

Business Travel
 Travel for commercial, governmental or educational purposes with leisure as a
secondary motivation.

Buyer

A member of the travel trade who reserves room blocks from accommodations or
coordinates the development of a travel product.

Cooperative Marketing

Marketing programs involving two or more participating companies, institutions or

organizations. tourism office by providing cash or in-kind contributions to expand
the marketing impact of the tourism office's program.

Destination

A hotel, resort, attraction, city, region, or state.

Destination Marketing

Marketing a city, state, country, area or region to consumers and trade. tourism
marketing organizations, such as convention and visitors bureaus or chambers of
commerce.

Fam Tours

Organized trips for travel agents, tour operators, tour wholesalers or other
members of the travel trade for the purpose of educating and familiarizing them
with tourism destinations. By seeing the destinations where they are sending
travelers, the travel trade is better prepared to answer customer questions and
promote travel to the location. Also called fams or familiarization tours.

FIT (Free Independent Travel)

 Individual travel in which a tour operator has previously arranged blocks of rooms
at various destinations in advance for use by individual travelers. These travelers
travel independently, not in a group, usually by rental car or public transportation.

GIT (Groups Independent Travel)

Group travel in which individuals purchase a group package in which they will
travel with others along a pre-set itinerary.

Incentive Travel

Travel offered as a reward for top performance and the business that develops,
markets and operates these programs.

Inclusive Tour

A tour program that includes a variety of feature for a single rate (airfare,
accommodations, sightseeing, performances, etc.)

International Marketing

Marketing a destination, product or service to consumers and the trade outside

the of the United States.

Leisure Travel

Travel for recreational, educational, sightseeing, relaxing and other experiential

purposes.

Package
 A fixed price salable travel product that makes it easy for a traveler to buy and
enjoy a destination or several destinations. Packages offer a mix of elements like
transportation, accommodations, restaurants, entertainment, cultural activities,
sightseeing and car rental.

Peaks and Valleys

The high and low end of the travel season. Travel industry marketers plan
programs to build consistent year-round business and event out the peaks and
valleys.

Person Trip Visit

Every time a person travels more than 100 miles (round-trip) in a day or stays
overnight away from their primary domicile, whether for business or leisure
purposes, they make one person trip visit.

Reservation Systems (Automation Vendors)

Computerized systems leased to travel agencies offering airline, hotel, car rental
and selected tour availability and bookings. Systems are affiliated with major
carriers, including American (Sabre), United (Apollo), Eastern (System One),
TWA (PARS), and Delta (DATAS II) and feature flight schedules of the
sponsoring and other carriers, plus additional travel products.

Tour Operator

Develops, markets and operates group travel programs that provide a complete
travel experience for one price and includes transportation (airline, rail,
motorcoach, and/or ship), accommodations, sightseeing, selected meals and an
escort. Tour operators market directly to the consumer, through travel agents and
are beginning to be listed on computerized reservation systems.

Tour Wholesaler
 An individual or company that sells tour packages and tour product to travel
agents. Tour wholesalers usually receive a 20% discount from accommodations,
transportation companies and attractions and pass on a 10 to 15% discount to
the retail agent. Tourism

Tourist /Visitor /Traveler

Any person who travels either for leisure or business purposes more than 100
miles round-trip in a day or who stays overnight away from his/her primary
domicile.

Travel

Leisure and other travel including travel for business, medical care, education,
etc. tourism.

Travel Agent

An individual who arranges travel for individuals or groups. Travel agents may be
generalists or specialists (cruises, adventure travel, conventions and meetings.)
The agents receive a 10 to 15% commission from accommodations,
transportation companies and attractions for coordinating the booking of travel.
They typically coordinate travel for their customers at the same or lower cost than
if the customer booked the travel on his/her own.

Travel Product
 Refers to any product or service that is bought by or sold to consumers of trade
including accommodations, attractions, events, restaurants, transportation,
etc. Travel Seasons - Travel industry business cycles including: Peak: Primary
travel season Off Peak: Period when business is slowest Shoulder: Period
between peak and off peak periods when business is stronger, but has room for
growth.

Travel Trade

The collective term for tour operators, wholesalers and travel agents.

Wholesaler

Develop and markets inclusive tours and individual travel programs to the
consumer through travel agents. Wholesalers do not sell directly to the public.