Professional Documents
Culture Documents
PE
PE
Canada- first country to adopt Volleyball aside from Net Post- 36 ft apart and 3 ft further out from the
United States sidelines
Federation Internationale de Volleyball (FIVB)- Net- placed over the center line
created in 1947 - Height of 2.43m for men
1949- first World Championship for men - Height of 2.24m for women
- 1m wide, 9.5-10m long
1952-first World Championship for women
Side bands- 5cm wide and 1m long
Beach Volleyball- introduced by FIVB in 1987
Antenna- a flexible rod, 1.80m long and 10mm in
Variations and Related Games diameter made of fiberglass or similar material
• Beach volleyball Posts- 0.5-1m outside the sidelines and 2.55m high
• New Comb Fundamental Skills
• Prisoner Ball 1. Serve- the player stands behind the line and
serves the ball, in an attempt to drive it to the
• Foot Volley
opponent’s court
Types of Serves
Underhand Service- server faces net with left
foot forward while ball is held about waist
level in palm of left hand in front of right leg;
swing right arm backward shifting weight to
rear foot; to strike ball swing right arm or fist
closed as left hand releases
Overhead Service- the skill executed by the
player tossing the ball approximately above
the head level and hitting it with extended
Volleyball Court- 60 by 30ft or 18 by 9m hitting arm
Sidearm Service- the chief advantage of this
Lines- all white with a measurement of 5cm method is the deceptive twist or curve
Types of Lines executed by tossing the ball approximately
above head level and hitting it with extended
1. Service Line hitting arm
2. Center Line 2. Pass- also called reception
3. Attack Line - the attempt by a team to properly handle the
4. Boundary Line opponent’s serve, or any form of attack
Two techniques involved in Pass Tool/Wipe/Block-abuse - the player does not
try to make a hard spike, but hits the ball so
Underarm pass or bump – where the ball that it touches the opponent's block and then
touches the inside part of the joined forearms bounces off-court
platforms, at waist line Off-speed hit - the player does not hit the ball
Overhand pass – where tit is handled with the hard, reducing its speed and thus confusing
fingertips, like a set, above the head the opponent's defense
3. Set- is usually the second contact that a team Quick hit/"One“- an attack (usually by the
makes with the ball and the main goal is to middle blocker) where the approach and
put the ball in the air in such a way it can be jump begin before the setter contacts the ball
driven by an attack into the opponent’s court
Slide - a variation of the quick hit that uses a
Kinds of Set low backset
- the middle hitter steps around the setter and
Overhead set – allows for more control over hits from behind him or her
the speed and direction of the ball Double quick hit/Stack/Tandem - a variation
Bump set – used only where the ball is low it of quick hit where two hitters, one in front
cannot be properly handled with fingertips and one behind the setter or both in front of
Jump set – used when the ball is too close to the setter, jump to perform a quick hit at the
the net same time
Dump – a setter refrains from raising the ball - it can be used to deceive opposite blockers
for a teammate to perform an attack and tries and free a fourth hitter attacking from back-
to play it directly onto the opponent’s court court, maybe without block at all
4. Attack- with a slang term of spike 5. Block- refers to the actions taken by players
- usually the third contact a team makes with standing at the net to stop or alter an
the ball opponent's attack
- objective is to handle the ball so that it lands
on the opponent’s court and cannot be Offensive- a block that is aimed at completely
defended stopping an attack, thus making the ball remain in the
opponent's court
Bounce- slang term for a very hard/loud spike that
follows an almost straight trajectory steeply Defensive- the goal is to control and deflect the hard-
downward into the opponent’s court driven ball up so that it slows down and becomes
easier to defend
Kill- slang term for an attack that is not returned
6. Dig- the ability to prevent the ball from
Techniques of Attacking touching one's court after a spike or attack,
particularly a ball that is nearly touching the
Backcourt or Pipe Attack - an attack ground
performed by a back-row player
Dive- players throw their body in the air with a
- the player must jump from behind the 3-
forward movement in an attempt to save the ball, and
meter line before making contact with the land on their chest.
ball, but may land in front of the 3-meter line
Pancake- when the player also slides their hand
Line and Cross-court Shot - refers to whether under a ball that is almost touching the court
the ball flies in a straight trajectory parallel to
the sidelines, or crosses through the court in Skill Practices
an angle
1. Ball Passing Practice- with a formation of 4
- a cross-court shot with a very pronounced players take equidistant positions on an area
angle, resulting in the ball landing near the 3- 9 to 12 ft square
meter line, is called a cut shot - Player no. 1 puts the ball into play by passing
Dip/Dink/Tip/Cheat/Dump - the player does no. 2 then to player no. 3 and so forth
not try to make a hit, but touches the ball
lightly, so that it lands on an area of the 2. Volley Shuttle Practice- with a formation of
opponent's court that is not being covered by players divided into groups of 8 or 10 players
the defense in each group
Lead-up Games Errors and Violations
1. Circle Pass Ball Players may not hit the ball twice in
succession
Formation: Players are divided into groups or teams Catching
of equal number of members; each group standing in Libero spiking/blocking
a circle at arm’s length distance apart. Players not being in correct positions
A leader in the middle. Using another player as support to reach the
ball
Each group has a volleyball. Stepping over back boundary line to serve
Taking over 8 secs, to serve
2. Keep Ball-up
Rotation
Formation: 8 players on each of the two teams take
position. Team will rotate each time they win the serve
Each team occupies one-half of the width and the Players shall rotate in a clockwise manner
entire length of one court, each group playing over
one-half of the net. Scoring
Each team has its own volleyball. First team to get 25 points wins the set
Formation: 2 teams of equal number of players are Fifth set usually played to 15 points scoring
scattered on their respective halves of the court. Libero- an Italian term means "free" and was
4. Serve and Catch introduced internationally in 1998
Formation: 2 teams of eight or more players on each - a player specialized in defensive skills
team, each team spreading out its members on one - must wear contrasting jersey from his/her
side of a volleyball court with a net outstretched teammates
across. - he/she cannot block or attack the ball
- is the most skilled defensive player on the
5. Bounce and Serve, Bounce and Catch team
- there may only be one Libero per set
Same formation as in serve and catch.
- is not allowed to serve
6. Shower Served Ball
Recent Rules Changes
Formation: 2 teams of equal number with each team
Allowing serves in which the ball touches
members spread out on one side of the volleyball
the net, as long as it goes over the net into
court with net stretched.
the opponent's court.
Rules of the Game Expanded service area, for players to
server anywhere behind the end line
Each team must consist of six players. Allowing double hits on teams' first
The game starts with a coin toss. contact
A server shall bump the ball and passes over
the net making it to land in the opposing The Hand Signals
team's court.
Point- raise arm on side of a team earning a
Game Play point, extended forefinger
Ball came to rest- with bent elbow, raise from
Maximum of three hits per side usually bump, waist to chest level. Make the signal on the
set and attacker. side of the team that committed the fault.
Offense -the team with possession of the ball that is Then indicate player that committed the fault
trying to attack the ball Double Fault, Re-Serve, Play Over- hold fists
close together at chest, thumbs extended
Sideout- extend the arm toward team that move hand toward forehead in beckoning
will serve, with palm perpendicular to the motion
floor.
Double Hit- raise arm, extend forefinger and
middle finger, and make the signal on the side
of the team that committed the fault
Illegal Block or Screen- raise both arms,
elbows bent, palm facing forward. Then
indicate player who committed fault
Ball “in”- point to front zone (between attack
line and center line) with open hand, palm
facing net, and make the signal on the side of
the team that committed the fault
Ball crossing under net- point to center line
with open hand, palm facing net. Make the
signal on the side of the team that committed
the fault
Foot fault- point to endline with open hand,
palm perpendicular to floor
Player crossing center line- point to endline
with open hand, palm perpendicular to floor
raise arm across chest, bent at elbow, palm
up. Use arm closest to the team that
committed the fault, motioning under the net.
Player out of position/wrong server- make
clockwise circular motion with index finger
then indicate player(s) committing the fault
Ball “out”- raise arms vertically and parallel,
bent at elbow, palms facing body, then
indicate player committing the fault
Player touches net- touch net with open palm
and use arm closest to team committing the
fault, then indicate player touching the net
Timeout- form hands in the shape of “T” then
indicate the team making the request
Ball “out” after contact by the player- hold
one arm vertically with palm forward. Brush
fingertips with other palm held horizontally
Back row attack/attack of serve- make
forward swinging motion with forearm then
indicate player committing the fault Strategies
Substitution- rotate fists around each other in
circular motion then indicate the team 1. Setters- orchestrate the offense of the team
making the request 2. Liberos- defensive players responsible for
Four hits- raise arm with palm facing forward receiving the attack
with thumb across palm, extend remaining 3. Middle blockers/hitters- perform very fast
fingers attacks that usually take place near the setter
4. Outside/left-side hitter- attack from the
Illegal attack or block over net- hold hand
antenna most consistent player and gets the
above chest, palm down then indicate player
most sets
committing the fault
5. Opposite/right-side hitters- carries the
End of match- cross forearms across chest,
defensive work load in the front row; back up
open palms on shoulders
setters
Initiation of service- extend arm toward
server with elbow bent. With palm down,
Responsibilities of Team Leaders
1. Team Captain
signs the score-sheet & represents his team in
toss prior to the match
the game captain/leader while in play
speaks to the referees for explanation of
application/interpretation of rules
requests timeouts & substitutions
thanks the referees & signs the score-sheet to
ratify the outcome
2. Coach
conducts the play of the team outside the
playing court
selects starting lineups, their substitutes, &
takes timeouts for giving instructions
checks & ratifies the name & number of
players on the score-sheet
requests timeouts & substitutions
3. Additional coach
sits on the team bench; no right to intervene
in the match
can assume the coach's function but with
authorization of 1st referee and at the request
of team captain
Responsibilities of Gaming Officials
1. 1st referee
Inspects the conditions of the playing court &
game equipment
Performs the toss up for service & court
Controls team warm-ups
Empowers signals & penalizes game faults
2. 2nd referee
Supervises behavior of the players on the
bench
assistant/substitute of 1st referee
3. Scorer
keeps the score-sheet according to the rules
records and verifies the scores, timeouts, &
substitutions of each team
4. Linesman
signals the faults assigned to them - Ball in,
Ball out, or Ball touch - by means of the flag