Principle:

Fluid bed dryer works on a principle of fluidization of the materials. In fluidization process, hot air

or gas flow is introduced through the bed of solid particulates. This gas or air will move upwards

through the spaces between the particles. As the velocity increases, upward drag forces on the

particles increase and at a stage become equal to the gravitational forces beneath. Hence the bed is

said to be fluidized and the particles are suspended in the fluid.

Principle of Fluidized Bed Dryer (FBD):

1. In fluidized bed dryer hot air is passed at high pressure through a perforated bottom of the

container containing granules to be dried.

2. The granules are lifted from the bottom and suspended in the stream of air this condition is

called fluidized state.

3. The hot air is surrounding every granule and dries them completely. Therefore, the granules dry

equally.

Construction:

The dryer is generally made up of stainless steel. A removable bowl is attached at the base of the

dryer that is used for loading and unloading of material. The stainless steel bowl has a perforated

base of a wire mesh supporting for material that is being dried. A fan is available at the top of the

circulating hot air. Fresh air enters; filters and heat exchange are connected serially to heat the air

to the required temperature.

Working:

1. The wet granules to be dried are placed in removable bowl. The bowl is pushed into the

fluidized bed dryer.

2. Fresh air passes through the pre-filter, which subsequently get heated by passing through a heat

exchange.

3. The hot air flows through the bottom of the bowl simultaneously fan is allowed to rotate.

4. The air velocity is increased with time. When the velocity of the air is more than the settling

velocity of the granules, the granule remains partially suspended in the air stream.

5. After some time, a point of pressure is reached at which frictional drag on the particles is equal
to the force of gravity.

6. The granules rise in the container because of high velocity of air (1.5 to 7.5 meter per minute)

and later fall back in a random boiling motion. This condition is said to be fluidized state. The gas

surrounds every granule to completely dry them.

7. The air leaves the dryer by passing through the bag filter. The entrained particles remain

attached to the inner surface of the finger bags. The bag is shaken periodically to remove the

attached particles.

FBD Finger Bag:

Fluidized bed dryer filter bag are made up of different type of superior quality of fabrics, as per

requirement of material involving in drying.

Different types of fabrics are:

1. Antistatic

2. Polypropylene

3. Stain

The manufacturing of fluidized bed dryer filter bag depends on required factor like retention

micron, static change and air permeability. Fluidized bed dryer filter bags are cost efficient and

durable, as those are manufactured according to the specification and are regularly tested to meet

standard quality. FBD finger bags have finger like structures to increase their surface area and

efficiency. Drying process in FBD depends upon the MOC of the finger bags. Finger bags are

constructed by a combination of anti static polymer, nylon fabric and cotton fabric.