Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Syndrome in Psychiatry
Syndrome in Psychiatry
Syndrome in Psychiatry
Wernicke’s encephalopathy
An acute reaction to severe thiamine deficiency mostly d/t
chronic alcohol use.
C/b ocular signs (nystagmus & external ophthalmoplagia)
Higher mental function disturbance(disorientation, confusion,
recent memory disturbances)
Apathy & ataxia. Peripheral neuropathy & malnutrition may be
co-existent.
Korsakoff’s psychosis
Also d/t severe thiamine deficiency d/t chronic alcohol use.
C/b amnestic syndrome with gross memory disturbances,
Confabulation. Insight often impaired.
Marchiafava-Bignami syndrome
A rare disorder most probably d/t alcohol-related nutritional
deficiency.
C/b disorientation, personality & intellectual deterioration,
hallucinations, epilepsy, dysarthria,
ataxia & spastic limb paralysis.
Holiday Heart
Atrial or ventricular arrhythmias, especially paroxysmal
tachycardia, after drinking a binge of alcohol
in individuals showing no other evidence of heart disease.
Hemp insanity (cannabis psychosis)
Asso with cannabis.
Acute schizophreniform disorder with disorientation &
confusion. Good prognosis.
Amotivational syndrome
Lethargy, apathy, loss of interest, anergia, reduced drive & lack
of ambition d/t chronic cannabis use.
Pfropf schizophrenia
A syndrome of schizophrenia occurring in presence of mental
retardation.
Oneiroid schizophrenia
A subtype of schizophrenia with acute onset, clouding of
consciousness, disorientation, dream-like
states & perceptual disturbances with rapid shifting.
PAD syndrome
Phobic-Anxiety-Depersonalization syndrome.
Commoner in women 20-40 years.
C/b diffuse anxiety, multiple phobias, panic attacks,
depersonalization, derealization & depressive Features.
Othello syndrome (conjugal paranoia)
A psychosis in which the content of delusions is predominantly
jealousy (infidelity) involving spouse.
Kadinsky-Clerambault’s syndrome
A syndrome of mental automatism
Folie a deux
Induced delusional disorder c/b sharing of delusions b/w 2
persons.
So is folie a trios, folie a quatre, folie a famille
Fregoli’s phenomenon
Delusion that a persecutor is taking on a variety of faces like an
actor.
Cotard’s syndrome
Delusion that one has lost everything- possessions, strength &
even bodily organs such as heart.
Seen in severe depression where pt has extreme nihilistic
delusion (e.g. may think that his bowels
are rotting and he will never pass stools again)
La-Belle-Indifference
Lack of concern towards symptoms despite apparent severity of
disability produces.
Seen in patients with conversion & dissociation disorder
(hysteria).
Gelineu’s syndrome
Narcolepsy. Associated with hypersomnia.
Pickwickian syndrome
Sleep apnea commoner in elderly & obese persons, associated
with hypersomnia.
Kleine-Levin syndrome
C/b hypersomnia, hyperphagia, hypersexuality
Clumsy Child syndrome (Motor dyspraxia, Motor skills
disorder, Developmental coordination
disorder)
C/b poor coordination in daily activities of life.
Asperger’s syndrome
Predominantly in boys.
Less severe form of pervasive developmental disorder
Autism without significant delay in language & cognitive
development.
schizoid personality
pedantic speech
preoccupation with obscure facts
Rett’s syndrome
Occurs in girls.
After an apparently normal early development & normal head
circumference at birth, there is
deceleration of head growth b/w age of 5-30 months.
Loss of purposive hand movements & acquired fine motor
manipulative skills with subsequent
development of stereotyped hand movements.
Strauss syndrome
Attention deficit hyperkinetic disorder, Minimal brain
dysfunction, Organic drivenness.
Kanner syndrome
Failure to develop attachment with a parenteral figure & pre-
occupation with inanimate objects.
Dhat syndrome
A culture-bound syndrome prevalent in Indian subcontinent.
C/b complaint of passage of ‘dhat’ in urine.
Multiple somatic symptoms.
Asthenia
May be anxiety, depression or sexual dysfunction associated.
Koro
Prevalent in Asia including India.
Affected male pt believes that his penis is shrinking & may
disappear into his abdominal wall & he
may die.
Females affected infrequently, believing that their breasts &
vulva are shrinking.
Amok
Prevalent in South-East Asia.
C/b sudden, unprovoked episode of rage in which affected
person runs about & indiscriminately
injures or kills any person who in encountered on the way.
Windigo (Wihtigo)
Prevalent in native American Indians.
Pt believes that he has been transformed into a wihtigo, a
cannibal monster, occurring especially
during times of starvation.
Shinkeishitsu
A defense syndrome, mainly of anxiety but with obsessive
features occurring in young Japanese
thrown into a modern industrial society for which they are not
equipped. They feel inadequate, lost
& unloved.
Susto
Occurs in Latin America.
Pt believes that his body is entered by a magical substance &
that he is altered. It takes on a
delusional quality.
Piblokto (Arctic Hysteria)
Occurs in Askimos.
Often female, who screams & tears off her clothes, throw herself
on ice in extremely cold conditions.
She may imitate the cry of a bird or an animal.
The episode lasting for 1-2 hours, f/b amnesia of events.