EEN-E1020 Heat Transfer 2016

Class Work # 2
Topic: Convection

Class Problem 1

To cool an electronic device, six identical aluminum fins, as shown in the figure below are attached.
Cooling air is available at a velocity of 5 m/s from a fan at 20°C. If the average temperature at the base
of a fin is not to exceed 100°C, estimate the maximum permissible power dissipation for the device.

Solution:

GIVEN

Aluminum fins with air flowing over them

Air velocity (U∞) = 5 m/s
Air temperature (T∞) = 20°C
Maximum average temperature of the fin base (Ts) = 100°C

FIND

The maximum permissible power dissipation q

PROPERTIES AND CONSTANTS

For dry air at the film temperature (60°C)

Kinematic viscosity = 19.4 × 10
Thermal conductivity (k) = 0.0279 W/(m K)
Prandtl number (Pr) = 0.071
For aluminum at 100°C
Thermal conductivity (kal) = 239 W/(m K)

SOLUTION:

The Reynolds number at the trailing edge of the fins is

5 × .06
= = = 1.55 × 10 < 1 × 10 ( ! ")
19.4 × 10

The average transfer coefficient for a laminar boundary layer

& & & &

% 0.0279 -
ℎ = 0.664 '" () = 0.664 (1.55 × 104 ) (. 71)( = 34.3
., ..
The maximum permissible heat generation is equal to the sum of the heat loss from the fins and heat
loss from the wall area between the fins. The heat loss from a single fin is given

COMMENTS:

The fins account for about 60% of the total heat transfer. The rate of heat transfer without the fins
would be about 9.2 W less than half of that with the fins. If the entire fin temperature was assumed
to be at the base temperature, the calculated heat loss rate would be 21.0 W—about 4% higher that
calculated above. This means that the fin efficiency is very high and Lf could therefore be increased to
increase the heat dissipation quite effectively.
Class Problem 2

An aluminum cooling fin for a heat exchanger is situated parallel to an atmospheric pressure air stream. The
fin is 0.075 m high, 0.005 m thick, and 0.45 m in the flow direction. Its base temperature is 88°C, and the air is
at 10°C. The velocity of the air is 27m/s. Determine the total drag force and the total rate of heat transfer
from the fin to the air.

Air flow over a heat exchanger fin

Fin length (L) = 0.45 m

Fin height (w) = 0.075
Fin thickness = 0.005 m
Fin base temperature (Tb) = 88°C
Air temperature (T∞) = 10°C
Air velocity (U∞) = 27 m/s

FIND
(a) The total drag force (D) on the fin
(b) The total rate of heat transfer (q) from the
fin to the air

ASSUMPTIONS
Steady state
Edge effects are negligible
Both sides of the fin are exposed to the air
Transition to a turbulent boundary layer occurs at
Rex = 5 × 10
Fin thickness is negligible
Radiation is negligible

For dry air at the average of Tb and T∞ (49°C)

Kinematic viscosity = 18.4 × 10

Thermal conductivity (k) = 0.0271 W/(m K)

Prandtl number (Pr) = 0.71
Density (ρ) = 1.061 kg/m3

For aluminum at the average of Tb and T∞ (49°C)

Thermal conductivity (k) = 238 W/(m K)

The rate of heat transfer from a fin of uniform cross section and convection from the tip is given in
Class Problem 3

A circuit board with a dense distribution of integrated circuits (ICs) and dimensions of 120 mm x 120
mm on a side is cooled by the parallel flow of atmospheric air with a velocity of 2 m/s. From wind tunnel
tests under the same flow conditions, the average frictional shear stress on the upper surface is
determined to be 0.0625 N/m2. What is the allowable power dissipation from the upper surface of the
board if the average surface temperature of the ICs must not exceed the ambient air temperature by more
than 25C? Evaluate the thermo physical properties of air at 300 K.

Solution:

ASSUMPTIONS: (1) Steady-state conditions, (2) The modified Reynolds analogy is applicable, (3)
Negligible heat transfer from bottom side of the circuit board, and (4) Thermo physical properties
required for the analysis evaluated at 300 K,

PROPERTIES: Air (Tf = 300 K, 1 atm): 〉 = 1.161 kg/m3, cp = 1007 J/kg⋅K, Pr = 0.707.