HEAT

EXCHANGERS
A piece of equipment built for efficient heat
transfer from one medium to another.
INTRODUCTION
A heat exchanger is a piece of equipment
built for efficient heat transfer from one
medium to another.
They are widely used in space heating,
refrigeration, air conditioning, power
plants, chemical plants, petrochemical
plants, petroleum refineries, natural
gas processing
FLOW ARRANGEMENT
In parallel-flow heat exchangers, the
two fluids enter the exchanger at the
same end, and travel in parallel to one
another to the other side.
FLOW
ARRANGEMENT
In counter-flow heat exchangers the
fluids enter the exchanger from
opposite ends. The counter current
design is the most efficient.
FLOW
ARRANGEMENT
In a cross-flow heat exchanger, the
fluids travel roughly perpendicular
to one another through the
exchanger.
TYPES OF HEAT EXCHANGERS
Double pipe heat exchanger
Shell and tube heat exchanger
@ Plate heat exchanger
Plate and shell heat exchanger
Adiabatic wheel heat exchanger
Plate fin heat exchanger
Pillow plate heat exchanger
Fluid heat exchangers
Waste heat recovery units

TYPES OF HEAT EXCHANGERS

Double pipe heat exchanger
Shell and tube heat exchanger
Plate heat exchanger
Plate and shell heat exchanger
Adiabatic wheel heat exchanger
Plate fin heat exchanger
Pillow plate heat exchanger
 Fluid heat exchangers
Waste heat recovery units

DOUBLE HEAT EXCHANGER

@ It is also known as concentric tube heat exchanger
In this heat exchanger the fluid to be cooled or heated
passes through the tube 2(green) and the other fluid is
passed through tube 1 (red)to absorb or release the heat.
Advantages: Cheap for both design and maintenance.
Disadvantages: Low efficiency and requires large
FLUID IN

space.
DOUBLE POPE HEAT
EXCHANGER APPLICATIONS
Pasteurization
Digester heating
Heat recovery Pre-
heating
 Effluent cooling.
SHELL AND TUBE HEAT
EXCHANGER
One set of these tubes contains the fluid that must be
either heated or cooled. The second fluid runs over the
tubes that are being heated or cooled so that it can
either provide the heat or absorb the heat required.
 They are typically used for high pressure
applications. (above 30 bars)
TYPES OF SHELL TUBE
HEAT
EXCHANGERS
tube-side
Straight-tube heat exchanger
shell*$ide traight-tube heat exchanger shell-
tube
side fluid in
fluid in

(one pass tube-side) (two pass tube-side)

shell- side
tube-side tube-side
shell-side
fluid out tube-side fluid in fluid out fluid out
fluid out
 U-tube heat exchanger
shell.side
flud in

SHELL AND TUBE HEAT

EXCHANGER APPLICATION
Cooling of hydraulic fluid.
Cooling of engine oils.
Cool or heat swimming pool water or charged
air.
 HEAT EXCHANGER
@ It is composed of multiple, thin, slightly separated
plates that have very large surface areas and fluid flow
passages for heat transfer.
The plates are often spaced by rubber sealing gaskets
which are cemented into a section around the edge of
the plates. The plates are pressed to form troughs at
right angles to the direction of flow of the liquid which
runs through the channels in the heat exchanger. These
troughs are arranged so that they interlink with the
other plates which forms the channel with gaps of 1.3-
1 .5 mm between the plate
 Support

GuideØar
@ The plates can be replaced after getting
corroded.
If the temperature difference to be
acquired is to be increased then it can be
done by adding more plates.
HEAT EXCHANGER
APPLICATIONS
Water heaters
Cooling tower isolation
@ Free cooling
Waste heat recovery
Heat pump isolation
@ Thermal (ice) storage systems
SPIRAL HEAT EXCHANGER
A spiral heat exchanger (SHE), may refer to
a helical (coiled) tube configuration
Efficient use of space.
They can be easily cleaned.
A Spiral Heat Exchangers (or SHE) is a coiled tube
arrangement, with two channels coiled one around
the another. These two channels operate in a
counter-flow arrangement, offering excellent turn
SPIRAL HEAT EXCHANGER
APPLICATION
Pasteurization
Recuperators (Exhaust and Air Handling
Systems)
Sludge Treatment (Thermal
depolymerisation)
SELECÏflON
 Cost
High/low pressure limits
@ Thermal performance
@ Temperature ranges
Product mix (liquid/liquid, particulates or
high-solids liquid)
Pressure drops across the exchanger
UNTENANCE
Plate heat exchangers must be disassembled and cleaned
periodically. Tubular heat exchangers can be cleaned by such
methods as acid cleaning, sand blasting, highpressure water
jet, bullet cleaning, or drill rods. In large-scale cooling
water systems for heat exchangers, water treatment such as
purification, addition of chemicals, and testing, is used to
minimize fouling of the heat exchange equipment. Other
water treatment is also used in steam systems for power
plants, etc. to minimize fouling and corrosion of the heat
exchange and other equipment.