File:Q1.

EES 12/12/2019 2:28:12 PM Page 1

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"Consider a large vertical plate with a uniform surface temperature of 130°C suspended in quiescent air at 25°C and atmospheric pressure.
(a) Estimate the boundary layer thickness at a location 0.25 m measured from the lower edge.
(b) What is the maximum velocity in the boundary layer at this location and at what position in the boundary layer does the maximum occur?
(c) Using the similarity solution result, Equation 9.19, determine the heat transfer coefficient 0.25 m from the lower edge.
(d) At what location on the plate measured from the lower edge will the boundary layer become turbulent?"

"Given:"
T_s=130+273.15 "Wall surface Temperature"
T_inf=25+273.15 "Quiscent Temperature"
P_inf=101.325 [KPa] "Quiscent pressure"
x=0.25 [m] "x-location along the plate"

"Air properties at mean temperature"

Tm=(T_s + T_inf)*0.5
mu=Viscosity(Air_ha,T=Tm,P=P_inf)
rho=density(Air_ha,T=Tm,P=P_inf)
nu=mu/rho
k=Conductivity(Air_ha,T=Tm,P=P_inf)
Pr=Prandtl(Air_ha,T=Tm,P=P_inf)
beta=VolExpCoef(Air_ha,T=Tm,P=P_inf)
alpha=nu/Pr

"(a) For Prandtl=0.7021, eta is approximately 5 at edge of boundary layer from similarity solution"
eta = 5

Gr_x=(g*beta*(T_s-T_inf)*(x^3))/(nu^2)
g=9.81[m/s^2]

delta=(eta*x)/((Gr_x/4)^(1/4))

"(b) Max velocity occurs at eta=1 and f'(eta)=0.275"

eta_umax=1
f_prime_eta_umax=0.275

u_max=(2*nu*(Gr_x^0.5)*f_prime_eta_umax)/x "Max velocity at x=0.25m"

(eta_umax/y_umax)=(eta/delta) "delta-position in boundary layer for max velocity at x=0.25"

"(c) heat transfer coeffiient and Nusselt Number"

Nu#=h*x/k
Nu#=((Gr_x/4)^0.25)*g_pr
g_pr=(0.75*Pr^0.5)/((0.609+1.221*Pr^0.5+1.238*pr)^0.25)

"(d) x-crit is where flow transitions to turbulent and occurs where Ra = (Gr_x*Pr) = 10^9"
(10^9)=(g*beta*(T_s-T_inf)*(x_crit^3))/(nu*alpha)
 File:Q1.EES 12/12/2019 2:28:12 PM Page 2
EES Ver. 9.214: #1522: Easy Engineering, https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCjC8ulmve2QNRJXhDpk-L2A  Nr  :I{xun{}  :H  x  vvsut:r{yq  hi:n  {w

Consider a large vertical plate with a uniform surface temperature of 130°C suspended in quiescent air at 25°C and atmospheric
pressure.
(a) Estimate the boundary layer thickness at a location 0.25 m measured from the lower edge.
(b) What is the maximum velocity in the boundary layer at this location and at what position in the boundary layer does the maximum
occur?
(c) Using the similarity solution result, Equation 9.19, determine the heat transfer coefficient 0.25 m from the lower edge.
(d) At what location on the plate measured from the lower edge will the boundary layer become turbulent?

Given:

T s = 130 + 273.15 Wall surface Temperature

T inf = 25 + 273.15 Quiscent Temperature

P inf = 101.325 [KPa] Quiscent pressure

x = 0.25 [m] x-location along the plate

Air properties at mean temperature

Tm = T s + T inf · 0.5

m = Visc 'Air ha' , T = Tm , P =P inf

r = r 'Air ha' , T = Tm , P =P inf

m
n =
r

k = k 'Air ha' , T = Tm , P =P inf

Pr = Pr 'Air ha' , T = Tm , P =P inf

b = b 'Air ha' , T = Tm , P =P inf

n
a =
Pr

(a) For Prandtl=0.7021, eta is approximately 5 at edge of boundary layer from similarity solution

h = 5

3
g · b · T s – T inf · x
Gr x =
2
n

g = 9.81 [m/s2]

h · x
d =
1 / 4
Gr x
4

(b) Max velocity occurs at eta=1 and f'(eta)=0.275

h umax = 1
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EES Ver. 9.214: #1522: Easy Engineering, https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCjC8ulmve2QNRJXhDpk-L2A  Nr  :I{xun{}  :H  x  vvsut:r{yq  hi:n  {w

f prime,h,umax = 0.275

0.5
2 · n · Gr x · f prime,h,umax
u max = Max velocity at x=0.25m
x

h umax h
= delta-position in boundary layer for max velocity at x=0.25
y umax d

(c) heat transfer coeffiient and Nusselt Number

x
Nu# = h ·
k

0.25
Gr x
Nu# = · g pr
4

0.5
0.75 · Pr
g pr =
0.5 0.25
0.609 + 1.221 · Pr + 1.238 · Pr

(d) x-crit is where flow transitions to turbulent and occurs where Ra = (Gr x*Pr) = 109

3
9 g · b · T s – T inf · x crit
10 =
n · a
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EES Ver. 9.214: #1522: Easy Engineering, https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCjC8ulmve2QNRJXhDpk-L2A  Nr  :I{xun{}  :H  x  vvsut:r{yq  hi:n  {w

SOLUTION
Unit Settings: SI K kPa kJ mass deg
2
a = 0.00002957 [m /s] b = 0.002857 [1/K] d = 0.0174 [m]
h =5 humax = 1 fprime,h,umax = 0.275
g = 9.81 [m/s2] Grx = 1.067E+08 gpr = 0.4997
h = 4.316 [W/m2·K] k = 0.03005 [W/m-K] m = 0.0000209 [kg/m-s]
2
n = 0.00002076 [m /s] Nu# = 35.91 Pr = 0.7021
3
Pinf = 101.3 [KPa] r = 1.006 [kg/m ] Tm = 350.7 [K]
Tinf = 298.2 [K] Ts = 403.2 [K] umax = 0.4718 [m/s]
x = 0.25 [m] xcrit = 0.5931 [m] yumax = 0.003479 [m]

No unit problems were detected.