PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF ACUTE PEPTIC ULCER DISEASE

Risk Factors

1. Age: 50 years old and above

2. Stress
3. Having an O blood type
4. Helicobacter pylori infection
5. Ingestion of gastric irritants:
(Alcohol, milk, caffeine, sour food)
6. Having other illnesses
(Patient has existing renal and
hepatic disorders)

Increased
gastrin secretion

1. Sour eructation Increased gastric

2. Hiccupping acid production

Damage/erosion of
the mucosa

1. Epigastric pain Formation Decreased

2. Vomiting of ulcers resistance to
3. Loss/decreased bacteria
appetite
Gastrointestinal bleeding
Increased
Helicobacter
Signs and symptoms of pylori
Anemia proliferation

1. Vital signs changes: Inflammation

- Tachycardia of the gastric
- Tachypnea mucosa
- Low blood pressure
2. Faintness/dizziness
3. Severe pallor
4. Pale conjunctiva
5. Pale nailbeds
6. Easy fatigability
7. Decreased hematocrit
WITH INTERVENTIONS
8. Decreased hemoglobin
Medical Management:
Stool change(s):
1. Antacids and Proton-pump inhibitors Melena
2. Antifibrinolytics
3. Anti-infectives:
ACUTE H. pylori
PEPTICeradication
ULCER therapy
DISEASE
4. Prostaglandin E1 Analogue

Nursing Management:

1. Pain relief
2. Management of bleeding
3. Monitoring and management of potential Decrease in
complications circulating
Hypovolemic shock
RECOVERY: WITHOUT INTERVENTIONS
4. Health educationGOOD PROGNOSIS DEATH: BAD PROGNOSIS
(Inadequate brain volume
blood
Bleeding continues
tissue perfusion)